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kp\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),a(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),a(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup\"),a(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`\"),a(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"pub\"),a(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"fn\"),a(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function-definition function\"},\"clean_ledger_setup_validator\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),a(`\n invalidate_features`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),a(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Vec\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"<\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Pubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\">\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),a(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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function\"},\"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n mintDataSpace\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" tokenDataSpace \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" AccountLayout\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"span\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" tokenRentRequired \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n tokenDataSpace\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Airdropping some SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"PAYER_KEYPAIR\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Allocating space and rent 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punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n programId`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n space`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" mintDataSpace\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Initializing mint with decimals and authority\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" initializeMintIx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Token\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createInitMintInstruction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"PAYER_KEYPAIR\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// mintAuthority\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"PAYER_KEYPAIR\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// freezeAuthority\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Allocating space and rent for source token account\"),s(`\n 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process_instruction); c\\xE1c tham s\\u1ED1 \\u0111\\u1EA7u v\\xE0o lu\\xF4n bao g\\u1ED3m: program_id:pubkeyaccounts:array,instruction_data:byte array
\\u0110a s\\u1ED1 c\\xE1c Program d\\u1EF1 tr\\xEAn Rust \\u0111\\u1EC1u b\\xE1m s\\xE1t ki\\u1EBFn tr\\xFAc sau:
| T\\u1EC7p | M\\xF4 t\\u1EA3 |
|---|---|
| lib.rs | \\u0110\\u0103ng k\\xFD c\\xE1c modules |
| entrypoint.rs | \\u0110i\\u1EC3m truy c\\u1EADp c\\u1EE7a Program |
| instruction.rs | Program API, tu\\u1EA7n t\\u1EF1 v\\xE0 phi tu\\u1EA7n t\\u1EF1 ho\\xE1 d\\u1EEF li\\u1EC7u \\u0111\\u1EA7u v\\xE0o |
| processor.rs | Logic c\\u1EE7a Program |
| state.rs | C\\xE1c \\u0111\\u1ED1i t\\u01B0\\u1EE3ng c\\u1EE7a Program, tu\\u1EA7n t\\u1EF1 v\\xE0 phi tu\\u1EA7n t\\u1EF1 ho\\xE1 tr\\u1EA1ng th\\xE1i |
| error.rs | \\u0110\\u1ECBnh ngh\\u0129a l\\u1ED7i c\\u1EE7a Program |
Program th\\u01B0\\u1EDDng \\u0111\\u01B0\\u1EE3c ph\\xE1t tri\\u1EC3n v\\xE0 ki\\u1EC3m th\\u1EED tr\\xEAn m\\xF4i tr\\u01B0\\u1EDDng localhost v\\xE0 devnet tr\\u01B0\\u1EDBc khi \\u0111\\u01B0\\u1EE3c tri\\u1EC3n khai tr\\xEAn testnet ho\\u1EB7c mainnet. Solana h\\u1ED7 tr\\u1EE3 c\\xE1c m\\xF4i tr\\u01B0\\u1EDDng sau:
| C\\u1EE5m m\\xF4i tr\\u01B0\\u1EDDng | \\u0110\\u01B0\\u1EDDng d\\u1EABn k\\u1EBFt n\\u1ED1i RPC |
|---|---|
| Mainnet-beta | https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com |
| Testnet | https://api.testnet.solana.com |
| Devnet | https://api.devnet.solana.com |
| Localhost | Port m\\u1EB7c \\u0111\\u1ECBnh: 8899 (e.g. http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899) |
solana program deploy <PROGRAM_FILEPATH>\n1
program_id:pubkeyaccounts:array,instruction_data:byte array
M\\u1ED7i khi \\u0111\\u01B0\\u1EE3c g\\u1ECDi, Program s\\u1EBD \\u0111\\u01B0\\u1EE3c th\\u1EF1c thi b\\u1EDFi Solana Runtime.
# C\\xE1c ngu\\u1ED3n t\\xE0i li\\u1EC7u kh\\xE1c
',3),Qt={href:\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},Wt=n(\"T\\xE0i li\\u1EC7u ch\\xEDnh th\\u1ED1ng\"),Xt={href:\"https://spl.solana.com/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},Yt=n(\"T\\xE0i li\\u1EC7u SPL\"),Zt={href:\"https://jstarry.notion.site/Program-deploys-29780c48794c47308d5f138074dd9838\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},$t=n(\"Program Deploys by Justin Starry\"),tn={href:\"https://book.solmeet.dev/notes/solana-starter-kit\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},nn=n(\"Solana Starter Kit by Iron Addicted Dog\"),on={href:\"https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},rn=n(\"Programming on Solana by Paulx\"),en={href:\"https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},cn=n(\"An Introduction to the Solana Blockchain by Hana\"),an={href:\"https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},hn=n(\"Anchor\");function sn(ln,dn){const a=c(\"RouterLink\"),r=c(\"ExternalLinkIcon\");return i(),s(d,null,[g,u,m,t(\"div\",p,[b,t(\"ul\",null,[k,t(\"li\",null,[v,P,f,o(a,{to:\"/vi/core-concepts/accounts.html\"},{default:l(()=>[y]),_:1}),L]),S,t(\"li\",null,[x,t(\"a\",A,[T,o(r)]),F,t(\"a\",B,[C,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[R,t(\"a\",N,[M,o(r)]),w,t(\"a\",I,[V,o(r)])]),q])]),E,H,D,t(\"p\",null,[j,t(\"a\",K,[z,o(r)]),O,t(\"a\",U,[G,o(r)]),J]),t(\"p\",null,[Q,t(\"a\",W,[X,o(r)]),Y]),t(\"p\",null,[Z,t(\"a\",$,[tt,o(r)]),nt,t(\"a\",ot,[rt,o(r)]),et]),ct,t(\"p\",null,[at,t(\"a\",ht,[it,o(r)]),st,t(\"a\",lt,[dt,o(r)]),_t]),gt,t(\"p\",null,[ut,t(\"a\",mt,[pt,o(r)]),bt]),kt,t(\"p\",null,[vt,t(\"a\",Pt,[ft,o(r)]),yt]),Lt,t(\"p\",null,[St,t(\"a\",xt,[At,o(r)]),Tt]),Ft,t(\"p\",null,[Bt,t(\"a\",Ct,[Rt,o(r)]),Nt,Mt,wt,It,Vt,qt,Et]),t(\"p\",null,[Ht,t(\"a\",Dt,[jt,o(r)]),Kt,zt,Ot,Ut,Gt]),Jt,t(\"ul\",null,[t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",Qt,[Wt,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",Xt,[Yt,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",Zt,[$t,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",tn,[nn,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",on,[rn,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",en,[cn,o(r)])]),t(\"li\",null,[t(\"a\",an,[hn,o(r)])])])],64)}var gn=h(_,[[\"render\",sn]]);export{gn as default};\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":190,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/accounts.html.e2d854ed.js"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"import{_ as l,r as o,o as u,c as r,a,b as s,w as c,F as i,d as n,e as t}from\"./app.07ce7a66.js\";const k={},b=a(\"h1\",{id:\"accounts-account-lar\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[a(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#accounts-account-lar\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),n(\" Accounts (Account\\u2019lar)\")],-1),m=a(\"h2\",{id:\"how-to-create-a-system-account-system-account-olusturma\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[a(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#how-to-create-a-system-account-system-account-olusturma\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),n(\" How to create a system account (System account olu\\u015Fturma)\")],-1),d={href:\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/javascript-reference#systemprogram\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},g=n(\"Sistem Program\\u0131n\\u0131\"),h=n(\"n sahip oldu\\u011Fu bir account olu\\u015Fturun. Solana \\xE7al\\u0131\\u015Fma zaman\\u0131, bir account'\\u0131n sahibine, verilerine yazma veya lamp ba\\u011Flant\\u0131lar\\u0131n\\u0131 aktarma eri\\u015Fimi verir. Bir account olu\\u015Ftururken, bayt (\"),f=a(\"code\",null,\"space\",-1),y=n(\") cinsinden sabit bir depolama alan\\u0131 ve rent\\u2019i kar\\u015F\\u0131lamak i\\xE7in yeterli lamp pay\\u0131 \\xF6nceden tahsis etmeliyiz. \"),_={href:\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},w=n(\"Rent\"),v=n(\", Solana'da account'lar\\u0131 canl\\u0131 tutmak i\\xE7in yap\\u0131lan bir maliyettir.\"),P=t(`const createAccountParams = {\n fromPubkey: fromPubkey.publicKey,\n newAccountPubkey: newAccountPubkey.publicKey,\n lamports: rentExemptionAmount,\n space,\n programId: SystemProgram.programId,\n};\n\nconst createAccountTransaction = new Transaction().add(\n SystemProgram.createAccount(createAccountParams)\n);\n\nawait sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, createAccountTransaction, [\n fromPubkey,\n newAccountPubkey,\n]);\n1
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# How to calculate account cost (Account maliyeti hesaplama)
`,2),A=n(\"Solana'da account'lar\\u0131 canl\\u0131 tutmak, \"),x={href:\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},S=n(\"rent\"),z=n(\" ad\\u0131 verilen bir depolama maliyeti do\\u011Furur. Bir account, en az iki y\\u0131ll\\u0131k rent yat\\u0131r\\u0131larak rent tahsilat\\u0131ndan tamamen muaf tutulabilir. Hesaplama i\\xE7in, account\\u2019ta saklamay\\u0131 d\\xFC\\u015F\\xFCnd\\xFC\\u011F\\xFCn\\xFCz veri miktar\\u0131n\\u0131 g\\xF6z \\xF6n\\xFCnde bulundurman\\u0131z gerekir.\"),T=t(`import { Connection, clusterApiUrl } from "@solana/web3.js";\n\n(async () => {\n const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");\n\n // length of data in the account to calculate rent for\n const dataLength = 1500;\n const rentExemptionAmount =\n await connection.getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption(dataLength);\n console.log({\n rentExemptionAmount,\n });\n})();\n1
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# How to calculate account cost (Account\\u2019lar seed\\u2019leri olu\\u015Fturma)
Hesaplar\\u0131n\\u0131z\\u0131 y\\xF6netmek i\\xE7in bir \\xE7ok farkl\\u0131 keypair olu\\u015Fturmak yerine createAccountWithSeed'i kullanabilirsiniz.
# Generate (\\xDCretme)
PublicKey.createWithSeed(basePubkey, seed, programId);\n1
# Create (Olu\\u015Fturma)
const tx = new Transaction().add(\n SystemProgram.createAccountWithSeed({\n fromPubkey: feePayer.publicKey, // funder\n newAccountPubkey: derived,\n basePubkey: basePubkey,\n seed: seed,\n lamports: 1e8, // 0.1 SOL\n space: 0,\n programId: owner,\n })\n);\n\nconsole.log(\n \\`txhash: \\${await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, tx, [feePayer, base])}\\`\n);\n1
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# Transfer (Transfer)
const tx = new Transaction().add(\n SystemProgram.transfer({\n fromPubkey: derived,\n basePubkey: basePubkey,\n toPubkey: Keypair.generate().publicKey, // create a random receiver\n lamports: 0.01 * LAMPORTS_PER_SOL,\n seed: seed,\n programId: programId,\n })\n);\nconsole.log(\n \\`txhash: \\${await sendAndConfirmTransaction(connection, tx, [feePayer, base])}\\`\n);\n1
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:::\\u0130PUCU Sadece sistem program\\u0131na ait bir account sistem program\\u0131 \\xFCzerinden transfer yapabilir. :::
# How to create PDAs (PDA\\u2019leri olu\\u015Fturma)
`,11),I={href:\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},q=n(\"Programdan t\\xFCretilen adres (PDA)\"),D=n(\", a\\u015Fa\\u011F\\u0131daki farklarla normal bir adres gibidir:\"),K=t(`- ed25519 e\\u011Frisinden d\\xFC\\u015F\\xFCyor
- Private key yerine imzalamak i\\xE7in program\\u0131 kullanma
Not: PDA account'lar\\u0131 sadece program \\xFCzerinde olu\\u015Fturulabilir. Adres client taraf\\u0131nda olu\\u015Fturulabilir.
:::\\u0130PUCU
PDA bir program kimli\\u011Fi taraf\\u0131ndan t\\xFCretilmi\\u015F olsa da, bu PDA'n\\u0131n ayn\\u0131 programa ait oldu\\u011Fu anlam\\u0131na gelmez. (Bir \\xF6rnek al\\u0131n, PDA'n\\u0131z\\u0131 token program\\u0131na ait bir account olan token account'\\u0131 olarak ba\\u015Flatabilirsiniz) :::
# Generate a PDA (PDA \\xFCretme)
findProgramAddress, seed\\u2019in sonuna fazladan bir bayt ekleyecektir. 255'ten 0'a ba\\u015Flar ve ilk e\\u011Fri d\\u0131\\u015F\\u0131 public key\\u2019i d\\xF6nd\\xFCr\\xFCr. Ayn\\u0131 program kimli\\u011Fini ve seed\\u2019ini iletirseniz her zaman ayn\\u0131 sonucu al\\u0131rs\\u0131n\\u0131z.
import { PublicKey } from "@solana/web3.js";\n\n(async () => {\n const programId = new PublicKey(\n "G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"\n );\n\n let [pda, bump] = await PublicKey.findProgramAddress(\n [Buffer.from("test")],\n programId\n );\n console.log(\\`bump: \\${bump}, pubkey: \\${pda.toBase58()}\\`);\n // you will find the result is different from \\`createProgramAddress\\`.\n // It is expected because the real seed we used to calculate is ["test" + bump]\n})();\n1
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# Create a PDA (PDA olu\\u015Fturma)
A\\u015Fa\\u011F\\u0131da, programa ait bir PDA account'\\u0131 olu\\u015Fturmak i\\xE7in \\xF6rnek bir program ve program\\u0131 client ile \\xE7a\\u011F\\u0131rmak i\\xE7in bir \\xF6rnek bulunmaktad\\u0131r.
# Program
A\\u015Fa\\u011F\\u0131da, ayr\\u0131lm\\u0131\\u015F veri boyutu ile bir account olu\\u015Fturan tek bir system_instruction::create_account talimat\\u0131 g\\xF6sterilmektedir, t\\xFCretilmi\\u015F PDA i\\xE7in rent_lamports miktar\\u0131 lamports. Bu, yukar\\u0131da tart\\u0131\\u015F\\u0131ld\\u0131\\u011F\\u0131 gibi invoke_signed kullan\\u0131larak PDA ile imzalan\\u0131r.
invoke_signed(\n &system_instruction::create_account(\n &payer_account_info.key,\n &pda_account_info.key,\n rent_lamports,\n space.into(),\n program_id\n ),\n &[\n payer_account_info.clone(),\n pda_account_info.clone()\n ],\n &[&[&payer_account_info.key.as_ref(), &[bump]]]\n)?;\n1
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# Client
let tx = new Transaction().add(\n new TransactionInstruction({\n keys: [\n {\n pubkey: feePayer.publicKey,\n isSigner: true,\n isWritable: true,\n },\n {\n pubkey: pda,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: true,\n },\n {\n pubkey: SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: false,\n },\n {\n pubkey: SystemProgram.programId,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: false,\n },\n ],\n data: Buffer.from(new Uint8Array([data_size, bump])),\n programId: programId,\n })\n);\n\nconsole.log(\\`txhash: \\${await connection.sendTransaction(tx, [feePayer])}\\`);\n1
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# How to sign with a PDA (PDA ile imzalama)
PDA'lar yaln\\u0131zca program i\\xE7inde imzalanabilir. A\\u015Fa\\u011F\\u0131da, bir PDA ile imzalaman\\u0131n ve program\\u0131 client ile \\xE7a\\u011F\\u0131rman\\u0131n bir program \\xF6rne\\u011Fi verilmi\\u015Ftir.
# Program
A\\u015Fa\\u011F\\u0131da, seed escrow taraf\\u0131ndan t\\xFCretilen bir PDA'dan SOL'yi aktar\\u0131lan bir account'a aktaran tek bir talimat g\\xF6sterilmektedir. invoke_signed, PDA ile imzalamak i\\xE7in kullan\\u0131l\\u0131r.
invoke_signed(\n &system_instruction::transfer(\n &pda_account_info.key,\n &to_account_info.key,\n 100_000_000, // 0.1 SOL\n ),\n &[\n pda_account_info.clone(),\n to_account_info.clone(),\n system_program_account_info.clone(),\n ],\n &[&[b"escrow", &[bump_seed]]],\n)?;\n1
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# Client
let tx = new Transaction().add(\n new TransactionInstruction({\n keys: [\n {\n pubkey: pda,\n // Leave \\`false\\` here although we need a pda as a signer.\n // It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: true,\n },\n {\n pubkey: to.publicKey,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: true,\n },\n {\n pubkey: SystemProgram.programId,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: false,\n },\n ],\n data: Buffer.from(new Uint8Array([bump])),\n programId: programId,\n })\n);\n\nconsole.log(\\`txhash: \\${await connection.sendTransaction(tx, [feePayer])}\\`);\n1
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# How to get program accounts (Program hesaplar\\u0131n\\u0131 getirme)
`,22),B=n(\"Bir programa ait t\\xFCm account'lar\\u0131 geri d\\xF6nd\\xFCr\\xFCr. \"),C=a(\"code\",null,\"getProgramAccounts\",-1),L=n(\" ve yap\\u0131land\\u0131rmas\\u0131 hakk\\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi i\\xE7in \"),U=n(\"k\\u0131lavuzlar\"),R=n(\" b\\xF6l\\xFCm\\xFCne bak\\u0131n.\"),O=t(`import { clusterApiUrl, Connection, PublicKey } from "@solana/web3.js";\n\n(async () => {\n const MY_PROGRAM_ID = new PublicKey(\n "6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"\n );\n const connection = new Connection(clusterApiUrl("devnet"), "confirmed");\n\n const accounts = await connection.getProgramAccounts(MY_PROGRAM_ID);\n\n console.log(\\`Accounts for program \\${MY_PROGRAM_ID}: \\`);\n console.log(accounts);\n\n /*\n // Output\n\n Accounts for program 6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U: \n [\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc>,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 1064880,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 228\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 82fc5b91154dc5c840cb464ba6a89212d0fd789367c0a1488fb1941d78f9727a>\n }\n },\n {\n account: {\n data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fd>,\n executable: false,\n lamports: 1064880,\n owner: [PublicKey],\n rentEpoch: 229\n },\n pubkey: PublicKey {\n _bn: <BN: 404dc1fe368cf194f20cf3c681a071c61893ced98f65cda12ba5a147e984e669>\n }\n }\n ]\n */\n})();\n1
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# How to close accounts (Account\\u2019lar\\u0131 kapatma)
`,2),H=n(\"T\\xFCm SOL'leri kald\\u0131rarak bir account'\\u0131 kapatabilirsiniz (depolanan t\\xFCm verileri silebilirsiniz). (daha fazla bilgi i\\xE7in \"),E={href:\"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},W=n(\"rent\"),G=n(\"\\u2019e bakabilirsiniz.)\"),N=t(`# Program
let dest_starting_lamports = dest_account_info.lamports();\n**dest_account_info.lamports.borrow_mut() = dest_starting_lamports\n .checked_add(source_account_info.lamports())\n .unwrap();\n**source_account_info.lamports.borrow_mut() = 0;\n\nlet mut source_data = source_account_info.data.borrow_mut();\nsource_data.fill(0);\n1
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# Client
// 1. create an account to your program\nlet createNewAccountTx = new Transaction().add(\n SystemProgram.createAccount({\n fromPubkey: feePayer.publicKey,\n newAccountPubkey: newAccount.publicKey,\n lamports: 1e8, // 0.1 SOL\n space: 10, // a random value\n programId: programId,\n })\n);\n\n// 2. close your account\nlet closeAccountTx = new Transaction().add(\n new TransactionInstruction({\n keys: [\n {\n pubkey: newAccount.publicKey,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: true,\n },\n {\n pubkey: feePayer.publicKey,\n isSigner: false,\n isWritable: true,\n },\n ],\n programId: programId,\n })\n);\n1
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# How to get account balance (Account bakiyesi getirme)
console.log(\\`\\${(await connection.getBalance(wallet)) / LAMPORTS_PER_SOL} SOL\\`);\n\n1
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\\u0130PUCU
`,7),M=n(\"Bir token bakiyesi almak istiyorsan\\u0131z, token account'\\u0131n\\u0131n adresini bilmeniz gerekir. Daha fazla bilgi i\\xE7in bkz. \"),$=n(\"Token Referanslar\\u0131\");function Y(j,V){const p=o(\"ExternalLinkIcon\"),e=o(\"RouterLink\");return u(),r(i,null,[b,m,a(\"p\",null,[a(\"a\",d,[g,s(p)]),h,f,y,a(\"a\",_,[w,s(p)]),v]),P,a(\"p\",null,[A,a(\"a\",x,[S,s(p)]),z]),T,a(\"p\",null,[a(\"a\",I,[q,s(p)]),D]),K,a(\"p\",null,[B,C,L,s(e,{to:\"/tr/guides/get-program-accounts.html\"},{default:c(()=>[U]),_:1}),R]),O,a(\"p\",null,[H,a(\"a\",E,[W,s(p)]),G]),N,a(\"p\",null,[M,s(e,{to:\"/tr/references/token.html\"},{default:c(()=>[$]),_:1})])],64)}var F=l(k,[[\"render\",Y]]);export{F as default};\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":191,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/distribution.html.1a2e0c57.js"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"import{_ as n,r,o as s,c as l,a,b as t,F as i,d as e}from\"./app.07ce7a66.js\";const h={},p=a(\"h1\",{id:\"pamamahagi\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[a(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#pamamahagi\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),e(\" Pamamahagi\")],-1),g=a(\"p\",null,\"Ang pamamahagi ng iyong laro ay lubos na nakadepende sa platform na iyong ginagamit. Sa Solana, may mga game SDK na maaari mong buuin para sa IOS, Android, Web at Native Windows o Mac. Gamit ang Unity SDK maaari mo ring ikonekta ang Nintendo Switch o XBox sa Solana ayon sa teorya. Maraming mga kumpanya ng laro ang umiikot sa isang mobile first approach dahil napakaraming tao ang may mga mobile phone sa mundo. Ang mobile ay may sarili nitong mga komplikasyon, kaya dapat mong piliin kung ano ang pinakaangkop sa iyong laro.\",-1),c=a(\"p\",null,\"Ang Solana ay may natatanging kalamangan sa iba pang mga blockchain platform dahil sa pag-aalok nito ng isang crypto-native na mobile phone, na pinangalanang Saga, na nilagyan ng isang makabagong dApps store. Ang tindahang ito ay nagbibigay-daan sa pamamahagi ng mga larong crypto nang walang mga limitasyong ipinataw ng mga kumbensyonal na tindahan ng app gaya ng Google o Apple.\",-1),d=a(\"h2\",{id:\"mga-platform-sa-pag-publish\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[a(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#mga-platform-sa-pag-publish\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),e(\" Mga Platform sa Pag-publish\")],-1),m=a(\"p\",null,\"Mga platform kung saan maaari mong i-host ang iyong mga laro\",-1),_=a(\"thead\",null,[a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"th\",null,\"Platform\"),a(\"th\",null,\"Description\")])],-1),u={href:\"https://www.fractal.is/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},f=e(\"Fractal\"),y=a(\"td\",null,\"A game publishing platform that supports Solana and Ethereum. They also have their own wallet and account handling and there is an SDK for high scores and tournaments.\",-1),b={href:\"https://elixir.app/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},k=e(\"Elixir\"),w=a(\"td\",null,\"Platform for web3 games that also offers a PC launcher\",-1),x=a(\"td\",null,\"Self Hosting\",-1),A=e(\"Just host your game yourself. For example using \"),S={href:\"https://vercel.com/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},v=e(\"Vercel\"),T=e(\" which can be easily setup so that a new version get deployed as soon as you push to your repository. Other options are \"),F={href:\"https://pages.github.com/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},N=e(\"github pages\"),P=e(\" or \"),D={href:\"https://firebase.google.com/docs/hosting\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},E=e(\"Google Firebase\"),B={href:\"https://github.com/solana-mobile/dapp-publishing/blob/main/README.md\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},G=e(\"Solana mobile DApp Store\"),M=a(\"td\",null,\"The Solana alternative to Google Play and the Apple App Store. A crypto first variant of a dApp store, which is open source free for everyone to use.\",-1),K={href:\"https://www.apple.com/de/app-store/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},V=e(\"Apple App Store\"),I=a(\"td\",null,\"The Apple app store has a high reach and is trusted by its customers. The entrance barrier for crypto games is high though. The rules are very strict for everything that tries to circumvent the fees that Apple takes for in app purchases. A soon as an NFT provides benefits for the player for example Apple requires you for example to have them purchased via their in app purchase system.\",-1),C={href:\"https://play.google.com/store/games\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},L=e(\"Google Play Store\"),O=a(\"td\",null,\"Google is much more crypto friendly and games with NFTs and wallet deep links for example have had a track record of being approved for the official play store.\",-1),U={href:\"https://www.backpack.app/\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},W=e(\"xNFT Backpack\"),q=a(\"td\",null,\"Backpack is a Solana wallet which allows you to release apps as xNFTs. They appear in the users wallet as soon as they purchase them as applications. The Unity SDK has a xNFT export and any other web app can be published as xNFT as well.\",-1),H=a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\"),a(\"td\")],-1);function J(R,X){const o=r(\"ExternalLinkIcon\");return s(),l(i,null,[p,g,c,d,m,a(\"table\",null,[_,a(\"tbody\",null,[a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\",null,[a(\"a\",u,[f,t(o)])]),y]),a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\",null,[a(\"a\",b,[k,t(o)])]),w]),a(\"tr\",null,[x,a(\"td\",null,[A,a(\"a\",S,[v,t(o)]),T,a(\"a\",F,[N,t(o)]),P,a(\"a\",D,[E,t(o)])])]),a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\",null,[a(\"a\",B,[G,t(o)])]),M]),a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\",null,[a(\"a\",K,[V,t(o)])]),I]),a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\",null,[a(\"a\",C,[L,t(o)])]),O]),a(\"tr\",null,[a(\"td\",null,[a(\"a\",U,[W,t(o)])]),q]),H])])],64)}var z=n(h,[[\"render\",J]]);export{z as default};\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":192,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/basic-transactions.html.598e40ad.js"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"const e={key:\"v-5981ffd4\",path:\"/tr/references/basic-transactions.html\",title:\"Sending Transactions(\\u0130\\u015Flem G\\xF6nderimi)\",lang:\"tr-TR\",frontmatter:{},excerpt:\"\",headers:[{level:2,title:\"How to send SOL (SOL nas\\u0131l g\\xF6nderilir)\",slug:\"how-to-send-sol-sol-nas\\u0131l-gonderilir\",children:[]},{level:2,title:\"How to send SPL-Tokens (SPL-Token\\u2019lar nas\\u0131l g\\xF6nderilir)\",slug:\"how-to-send-spl-tokens-spl-token-lar-nas\\u0131l-gonderilir\",children:[]},{level:2,title:\"How to calculate transaction cost (\\u0130\\u015Flem maliyeti nas\\u0131l hesaplan\\u0131r)\",slug:\"how-to-calculate-transaction-cost-islem-maliyeti-nas\\u0131l-hesaplan\\u0131r\",children:[{level:3,title:\"getEstimatedFee\",slug:\"getestimatedfee\",children:[]},{level:3,title:\"getFeeForMessage\",slug:\"getfeeformessage\",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:\"How to add a memo to a transaction (Bir i\\u015Fleme mesaj nas\\u0131l eklenir)\",slug:\"how-to-add-a-memo-to-a-transaction-bir-isleme-mesaj-nas\\u0131l-eklenir\",children:[]},{level:2,title:\"How to change compute budget, fee, & priority for a transaction (Bir i\\u015Flem i\\xE7in i\\u015Flem b\\xFCt\\xE7esi, bedeli ve \\xF6nceli\\u011Fi nas\\u0131l de\\u011Fi\\u015Ftirilir)\",slug:\"how-to-change-compute-budget-fee-priority-for-a-transaction-bir-islem-icin-islem-butcesi-bedeli-ve-onceligi-nas\\u0131l-degistirilir\",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1673624368e3,contributors:[{name:\"rbeyzas\",email:\"rukiyebeyzasarikaya@hotmail.com\",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:\"tr/references/basic-transactions.md\"};export{e as data};\n"},"__index_level_0__":{"kind":"number","value":0,"string":"0"}}},{"rowIdx":193,"cells":{"repo_id":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist"},"file_path":{"kind":"string","value":"solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/programs.html.135d8a1e.js"},"content":{"kind":"string","value":"import{_ as r,r as c,o as i,c as k,b as t,w as a,F as b,a as n,d as s,e as p}from\"./app.07ce7a66.js\";const m={},d=n(\"h1\",{id:\"menulis-program\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[n(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#menulis-program\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),s(\" Menulis Program\")],-1),_=n(\"h2\",{id:\"bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-sol-di-dalam-sebuah-program\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[n(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-sol-di-dalam-sebuah-program\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),s(\" Bagaimana cara mentransfer SOL di dalam sebuah program\")],-1),y=n(\"p\",null,[s(\"Program Solana anda dapat mentransfer lamports dari sebuah akun ke akun lainnya tanpa 'invoke' program system. Aturan dasar adalah program anda dapat mentransfer lamports dari akun mana saja yang \"),n(\"strong\",null,\"dimiliki\"),s(\" oleh program anda ke semua akun.\")],-1),g=n(\"p\",null,[s(\"Penerima akun \"),n(\"strong\",null,\"tidak harus menjadi\"),s(\" sebuah akun yang dimilik oleh program anda.\")],-1),f=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-rust\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// Transfers lamports from one account (must be program owned)\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// to another account. The recipient can by any account\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"fn\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function-definition function\"},\"transfer_service_fee_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n from_account`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"AccountInfo\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n to_account`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"AccountInfo\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n amount_of_lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"u64\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"->\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"ProgramResult\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Does the from account have enough lamports to transfer?\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"if\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(\"from_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"try_borrow_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"<\"),s(\" amount_of_lamports \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"return\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Err\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"CustomError\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"InsufficientFundsForTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"into\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Debit from_account and credit to_account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(\"from_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"try_borrow_mut_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"-=\"),s(\" amount_of_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(\"to_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"try_borrow_mut_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"+=\"),s(\" amount_of_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Ok\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// Primary function handler associated with instruction sent\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// to your program\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"fn\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function-definition function\"},\"instruction_handler\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"accounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"AccountInfo\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"->\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"ProgramResult\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Get the 'from' and 'to' accounts\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" account_info_iter \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"mut\"),s(\" accounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" from_account \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"next_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"account_info_iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" to_service_account \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"next_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"account_info_iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Extract a service 'fee' of 5 lamports for performing this instruction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"transfer_service_fee_lamports\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"from_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" to_service_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"5u64\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Perform the primary instruction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// ... etc.\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Ok\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"5\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"6\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"7\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"8\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"9\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"10\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"11\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"12\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"13\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"14\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"15\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"16\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"17\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"18\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"19\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"20\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"21\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"22\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"23\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"24\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"25\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"26\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"27\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"28\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"29\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"30\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"31\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"32\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"33\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),w=p('# Bagaimana cara mendapatkan waktu dalam sebuah program
Mendapatkan waktu dapat dilakukan melalui 2 cara
- Passing
SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEYke sebuah instruksi - Mengakses waktu secara langsung di dalam sebuah instruksi.
Adalah baik untuk mengetahui dua cara tersebut, karena beberapa legacy program masih memerlukan SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY sebagai sebuah akun.
# Passing Waktu sebagai sebuah account di dalam sebuah instruksi
Mari membuat sebuah instruksi yang menerima sebuah akun untuk menginisiasi dan sysvar pubkey
',6),h=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-rust\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"use\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"borsh\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"BorshDeserialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"BorshSerialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"use\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"solana_program\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(\"next_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"AccountInfo\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"clock\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Clock\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n entrypoint`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"entrypoint\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"ProgramResult\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n msg`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"pubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Pubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token namespace\"},[s(\"sysvar\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Sysvar\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token macro property\"},\"entrypoint!\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"process_instruction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token attribute attr-name\"},\"#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"pub\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"struct\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token type-definition class-name\"},\"HelloState\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n is_initialized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"bool\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Accounts required\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// 2. [writable] Hello state account\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"/// 3. [] Clock sys var\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"pub\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"fn\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function-definition function\"},\"process_instruction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n _program_id`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Pubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n accounts`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"AccountInfo\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n _instruction_data`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"u8\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"->\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"ProgramResult\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" accounts_iter \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"mut\"),s(\" accounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Payer account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" _payer_account \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"next_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"accounts_iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Hello state account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" hello_state_account \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"next_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"accounts_iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Clock sysvar\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" sysvar_clock_pubkey \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"next_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"accounts_iter\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"mut\"),s(\" hello_state \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"HelloState\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"try_from_slice\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),s(\"hello_state_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"data\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"borrow\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n hello_state`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"is_initialized \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"true\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n hello_state`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"mut\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"mut\"),s(\" hello_state_account\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"data\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"borrow_mut\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"..\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token macro property\"},\"msg!\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"Account initialized :)\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Type casting [AccountInfo] to [Clock]\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" clock \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Clock\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),s(\"sysvar_clock_pubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Getting timestamp\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" current_timestamp \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" clock\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"unix_timestamp\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token macro property\"},\"msg!\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"Current Timestamp: {}\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" current_timestamp\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Ok\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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ext-rs line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-rust\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" clock \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Clock\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"::\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from_account_info\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"&\"),s(\"sysvar_clock_pubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"?\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" current_timestamp \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" clock\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"unix_timestamp\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),P=n(\"p\",null,\"Now we pass the clock's sysvar public address via the client\",-1),I=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n clusterApiUrl`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Keypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n PublicKey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n TransactionInstruction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"@solana/web3.js\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"async\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=>\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" programId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"PublicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3\"'),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" connection \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"clusterApiUrl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"devnet\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"confirmed\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Airdropping 1 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" feePayer \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Hello state account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" helloAccount \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" accountSpace \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"1\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// because there exists just one boolean variable\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" rentRequired \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n accountSpace\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Allocating space for hello state account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" allocateHelloAccountIx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" SystemProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" rentRequired\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n newAccountPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" helloAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n programId`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" programId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n space`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" accountSpace\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Passing Clock Sys Var\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" passClockIx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"TransactionInstruction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n programId`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" programId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n keys`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n isSigner`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"true\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n isWritable`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"true\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n pubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n isSigner`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"false\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n isWritable`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"true\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n pubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" helloAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n isSigner`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"false\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n isWritable`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"false\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n pubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" transaction \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"allocateHelloAccountIx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" passClockIx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" txHash \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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Bagaimana cara untuk membuat program Cross Invocation
Program cross invocaction hanya dengan memanggil instruksi program lainnya di dalam program kita. Salah satu contoh yang baik untuk menghasilkan adalah dengan fungsi swap di Uniswap. UniswapV2Router contract, memanggil logic yang diperlukan untuk swap, dana memanggil fungsi ERC20 contract transfer untuk swap dari seseorang ke lainnya. Hal yang sama, kieta dapat memanggil sebuah instruksi program untuk dapat menghasilkan banyak tujuan.
Mari kita lihat contoh instruksi pertama kita SPL Token Program's transfer. Akun-akun yang kita perlukan untuk menjadikan sebuah transfer adalah
- The Source Token Account (Akun yang memegang tokens kita)
- The Destination Token Account (Akun yang ingin kita transferkan token kita)
- The Source Token Account's Holder (alamat wallet kita yang akan kita gunakan untuk sign-in)
Mari sekarang lihat contoh lainnya yang adalah instruksi System Program's create_account. Ada beberapa perbedaan sedikit antara instruksi yang disebutkan diatas dan ini. Di atas, kita tidak pernah memerlukan token_program untuk dipass sebagai sebuah akun di dalam fungsi invoke. Namun, ada beberapa pengecualian dimana anda perlu untuk pass instruksi untuk meng-invoke program_id. Dalam kasus ini, itu adalah System Program's program_id. ("11111111111111111111111111111111"). Jadi akun-akun yang diperlukan sekarang akan menjadi
- Akun pembayar akun yang akan mendanai rent
- Akun yang akan dibuat
- Akun System Program
# Bagaimana cara men-verifikasi akun
Karena program-program di Solana adalah stateless, kita sebagai pembuat program harus memastikan validasi akun-akun yang yang dipass sebanyak mungkin untuk menghindari masuknya akun yang disusupi (malicious). Hal dasar yang dapat kita lakukan adalah:
- Periksa apakah akun signer yang diharapkan bener-benar sudah sign
- Periksa apakah state akun yang diharapkan sudah dicheck sebagai writeable
- Periksa apakah state pemilik akun yang diharapkan adalah id program yang dipanggil
- Jika menginisasi state untuk pertama kali, periksa apakah akun sudah ter-inisiasi atau belum.
- Periksa apakah ada id-id cross program yang dipass (kapanpun diperlukan) sudah seperti yang diharapkan.
Dibawah ini, instruksi dasar yang menginisiasi sebuah hero state acccount, tetapi dengan pemeriksaan yang disebutkan diatas
A basic instruction which initializes a hero state account, but with the above mentioned checks is defined below
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For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" amountToStake \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" minimumRent \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"+\"),s(\" amountUserWantsToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup a transaction to create our stake account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Authorized\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. 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Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"createStakeAccountTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getBalance\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account balance: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"/\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\" SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Verify the status of our stake account. 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Both are set to our wallet.\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" amountToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Lockup\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n createStakeAccountTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n stakeAccount`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account created. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"createStakeAccountTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getBalance\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account balance: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"/\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\" SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeStatus \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getStakeActivation\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account status: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeStatus\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"state\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"5\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"6\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"7\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"8\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"9\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"10\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"11\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"12\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"13\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"14\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"15\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"16\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"17\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"18\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"19\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"20\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"21\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"22\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"23\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"24\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"25\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"26\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"27\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),M=n(\"h2\",{id:\"delegar-stake\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[n(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#delegar-stake\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),s(\" Delegar Stake\")],-1),$=n(\"p\",null,[s(\"Uma vez que uma conta de stake tenha fundos, a \"),n(\"code\",null,\"Stake Authority\"),s(\" pode deleg\\xE1-la a um validador. Cada conta de stake s\\xF3 pode ser delegada a um validador de cada vez. Al\\xE9m disso, todos os tokens na conta devem estar delegados ou n\\xE3o delegados. Depois de delegado, leva v\\xE1rias \\xE9pocas para que uma conta de stake se torne ativa.\")],-1),G=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n clusterApiUrl`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Keypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n StakeProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n sendAndConfirmTransaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n PublicKey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"@solana/web3.js\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"async\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=>\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup our connection and wallet\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" connection \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"clusterApiUrl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"devnet\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"confirmed\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" wallet \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" airdropSignature \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"airdropSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Create a keypair for our stake account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" stakeAccount \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Calculate how much we want to stake\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" minimumRent \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n StakeProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(`space\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" amountUserWantsToStake \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"/\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"2\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" amountToStake \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" minimumRent \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"+\"),s(\" amountUserWantsToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup a transaction to create our stake account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Authorized\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" amountToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Lockup\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n createStakeAccountTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n stakeAccount`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account created. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"createStakeAccountTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check our newly created stake account balance. 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constant\"},\"STAKE_PROGRAM_ID\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n filters`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n dataSize`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"200\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// number of bytes\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n memcmp`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n offset`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"124\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// number of bytes\"),s(`\n bytes`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"VOTE_PUB_KEY\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// base58 encoded string\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Accounts for program \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"STAKE_PROGRAM_ID\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\": \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Total number of delegators found for \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"VOTE_PUB_KEY\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\" is: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"accounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"length\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"if\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"accounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"length\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Sample delegator:\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"JSON\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"stringify\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"accounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},`/*\n// Output\n\n Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111: \n Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184\n Sample delegator: \n {\n \"account\": {\n \"data\": {\n \"parsed\": {\n \"info\": {\n \"meta\": {\n \"authorized\": {\n \"staker\": \"3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV\",\n \"withdrawer\": \"EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx\"\n },\n \"lockup\": {\n \"custodian\": \"3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg\",\n \"epoch\": 0,\n \"unixTimestamp\": 1822867200\n },\n \"rentExemptReserve\": \"2282880\"\n },\n \"stake\": {\n \"creditsObserved\": 58685367,\n \"delegation\": {\n \"activationEpoch\": \"208\",\n \"deactivationEpoch\": \"18446744073709551615\",\n \"stake\": \"433005300621\",\n \"voter\": \"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x\",\n \"warmupCooldownRate\": 0.25\n }\n }\n },\n \"type\": \"delegated\"\n },\n \"program\": \"stake\",\n \"space\": 200\n },\n \"executable\": false,\n \"lamports\": 433012149261,\n \"owner\": {\n \"_bn\": \"06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000\"\n },\n \"rentEpoch\": 264\n },\n \"pubkey\": {\n \"_bn\": \"0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43\"\n }\n }\n \n*/`),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"5\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"6\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"7\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"8\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"9\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"10\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"11\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"12\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"13\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"14\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"15\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"16\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"17\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"18\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"19\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"20\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"21\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"22\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"23\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"24\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"25\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"26\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"27\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"28\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"29\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"30\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"31\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"32\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"33\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"34\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"35\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"36\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"37\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"38\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"39\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"40\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"41\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"42\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"43\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"44\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"45\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"46\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"47\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"48\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"49\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"50\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"51\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"52\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"53\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"54\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"55\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"56\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"57\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"58\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"59\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"60\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"61\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"62\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"63\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"64\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"65\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"66\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"67\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"68\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"69\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"70\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"71\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"72\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"73\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"74\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"75\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"76\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"77\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"78\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"79\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),nn=n(\"h2\",{id:\"desativar-stake\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[n(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#desativar-stake\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),s(\" Desativar Stake\")],-1),sn=n(\"p\",null,[s(\"A qualquer momento ap\\xF3s uma conta de stake ser delegada, a \"),n(\"code\",null,\"Stake Authority\"),s(\" pode optar por desativar a conta. A desativa\\xE7\\xE3o pode levar v\\xE1rias \\xE9pocas para ser conclu\\xEDda e \\xE9 necess\\xE1ria antes que qualquer SOL seja sacado.\")],-1),an=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n clusterApiUrl`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Keypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n StakeProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n sendAndConfirmTransaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n PublicKey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"@solana/web3.js\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"async\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=>\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup our connection and wallet\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" connection \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"clusterApiUrl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"devnet\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"confirmed\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" wallet \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" airdropSignature \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"airdropSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Create a keypair for our stake account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" stakeAccount \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Calculate how much we want to stake\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" minimumRent \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n StakeProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(`space\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" amountUserWantsToStake \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"/\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"2\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" amountToStake \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" minimumRent \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"+\"),s(\" amountUserWantsToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup a transaction to create our stake account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Authorized\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" amountToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Lockup\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n createStakeAccountTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n stakeAccount`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account created. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"createStakeAccountTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getBalance\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account balance: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"/\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\" SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeStatus \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getStakeActivation\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account status: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeStatus\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"state\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" validators \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getVoteAccounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" selectedValidator \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" validators\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"current\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" selectedValidatorPubkey \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"PublicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"selectedValidator\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"votePubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" delegateTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"delegate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n authorizedPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n votePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" selectedValidatorPubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" delegateTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" delegateTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account delegated to \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"selectedValidatorPubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\". Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"delegateTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.\"),s(`\n stakeStatus `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getStakeActivation\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account status: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeStatus\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"state\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" deactivateTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"deactivate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n authorizedPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" deactivateTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n deactivateTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(\"wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"deactivateTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check in on our stake account. 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Depois que uma conta de stake n\\xE3o est\\xE1 mais delegada e tem um saldo de 0 SOL, ela \\xE9 efetivamente destru\\xEDda.\")],-1),cn=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n clusterApiUrl`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Keypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n StakeProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n sendAndConfirmTransaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n 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For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" amountToStake \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" minimumRent \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"+\"),s(\" amountUserWantsToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup a transaction to create our stake account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n authorized`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Authorized\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" amountToStake\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lockup`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Lockup\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" createStakeAccountTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n createStakeAccountTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n stakeAccount`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account created. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"createStakeAccountTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getBalance\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account balance: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeBalance \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"/\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\" SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" stakeStatus \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getStakeActivation\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account status: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeStatus\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"state\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" validators \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getVoteAccounts\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" selectedValidator \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" validators\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"current\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" selectedValidatorPubkey \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"PublicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"selectedValidator\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"votePubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" delegateTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"delegate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n authorizedPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n votePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" selectedValidatorPubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" delegateTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" delegateTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account delegated to \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"selectedValidatorPubkey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\". Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"delegateTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.\"),s(`\n stakeStatus `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getStakeActivation\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account status: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeStatus\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"state\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" deactivateTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"deactivate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n authorizedPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" deactivateTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n deactivateTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(\"wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"deactivateTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.\"),s(`\n stakeStatus `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getStakeActivation\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account status: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"stakeStatus\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"state\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" withdrawTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" StakeProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"withdraw\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n stakePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n authorizedPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n toPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" wallet\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" stakeBalance\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" withdrawTxId \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendAndConfirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" withdrawTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n wallet`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"withdrawTxId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0\"),s(`\n stakeBalance `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getBalance\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"stakeAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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\\u0E21\\u0E35\\u0E17\\u0E32\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E25\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E01 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E04\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E21\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E2A\\u0E19\\u0E31\\u0E1A\\u0E2A\\u0E19\\u0E38\\u0E19\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E01\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E22\\u0E2A\\u0E33\\u0E2B\\u0E23\\u0E31\\u0E1A\\u0E17\\u0E14\\u0E2A\\u0E2D\\u0E1A \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 debugging Solana BPF program.
# \\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E19\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E39\\u0E49
Fact Sheet
- crate
solana-program-test\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49 local runtime \\u0E02\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16 test \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 debug program \\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49 (\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22 vscode). - crate
solana-validator\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49solana-test-validator\\u0E01\\u0E32\\u0E23 test \\u0E1A\\u0E19 local validator node \\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E14\\u0E35\\u0E02\\u0E36\\u0E49\\u0E19 \\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16 run \\u0E08\\u0E32\\u0E01 editor \\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49 \\u0E41\\u0E15\\u0E48 breakpoints \\u0E43\\u0E19 program \\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E16\\u0E39\\u0E01\\u0E21\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E02\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E44\\u0E1B. - \\u0E40\\u0E04\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E21\\u0E37\\u0E2D CLI
solana-test-validatorruns, loads program \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E1B\\u0E23\\u0E30\\u0E21\\u0E27\\u0E25\\u0E1C\\u0E25 transaction \\u0E42\\u0E14\\u0E22\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E07\\u0E32\\u0E19\\u0E1C\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E19 command line \\u0E01\\u0E31\\u0E1A Rust applications \\u0E2B\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E2D Javascript/Typescript app \\u0E42\\u0E14\\u0E22\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 web3. - \\u0E17\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E07\\u0E2B\\u0E21\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32 \\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E41\\u0E19\\u0E30\\u0E19\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 macro
msg!\\u0E43\\u0E19 program \\u0E43\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E34\\u0E48\\u0E21 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E2D\\u0E32\\u0E2D\\u0E2D\\u0E2D\\u0E01\\u0E40\\u0E21\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D test \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E48\\u0E19\\u0E43\\u0E08\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E07\\u0E32\\u0E19\\u0E16\\u0E39\\u0E01\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E49\\u0E27 \\u0E08\\u0E33\\u0E44\\u0E27\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32msg!\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 Compute Units \\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49 program \\u0E25\\u0E49\\u0E21\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E25\\u0E27\\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E16\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 Compute Unit \\u0E40\\u0E01\\u0E34\\u0E19\\u0E04\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E01\\u0E33\\u0E2B\\u0E19\\u0E14\\u0E44\\u0E27\\u0E49.
\\u0E02\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 solana-program-bpf-template. Clone \\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E40\\u0E04\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E02\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32:
git clone git@github.com:mvines/solana-bpf-program-template.git\ncd solana-bpf-program-template\ncode .\n1
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# Runtime Testing \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 Debugging \\u0E43\\u0E19 editor
\\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14 file src/lib.rs
\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E47\\u0E19\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32 program \\u0E19\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19\\u0E07\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E22\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 \\u0E41\\u0E04\\u0E48 logs \\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27 content \\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E23\\u0E31\\u0E1A\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E32\\u0E01 program entrypoint function: process_instruction
- \\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E15\\u0E23\\u0E07\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48
#[cfg(test)]\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E01\\u0E14Run Tests\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E01\\u0E47\\u0E08\\u0E30 build program \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E01\\u0E32\\u0E23 testasync fn test_transaction()\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E47\\u0E19 log messages (\\u0E41\\u0E1A\\u0E1A\\u0E22\\u0E48\\u0E2D)\\u0E43\\u0E19 vscode terminal \\u0E15\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E02\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E07\\u0E25\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E07\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E49:
running 1 test\n"bpf_program_template" program loaded as native code\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke [1]\nProgram log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: 1 accounts, data=[1, 2, 3]\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success\ntest test::test_transaction ... ok\ntest result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 33.41s\n1
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- \\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E07 breakpoint \\u0E43\\u0E19 programs \\u0E15\\u0E23\\u0E07
msg!\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E1A\\u0E23\\u0E23\\u0E17\\u0E31\\u0E14 (11) - \\u0E01\\u0E25\\u0E31\\u0E1A\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 test module, \\u0E01\\u0E14
Debug\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E44\\u0E21\\u0E48\\u0E01\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E27\\u0E34\\u0E19\\u0E32\\u0E17\\u0E35 debugger \\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E27\\u0E34\\u0E48\\u0E07\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E2B\\u0E22\\u0E38\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 breakpoint \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E01\\u0E47\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16\\u0E14\\u0E39 data, \\u0E2B\\u0E22\\u0E38\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E33 functions \\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E02\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E2D\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E19\\u0E46..
tests \\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E25\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E49\\u0E22\\u0E31\\u0E07\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16 run \\u0E08\\u0E32\\u0E01 command line \\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22: cargo test \\u0E2B\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E2D cargo test-bpf \\u0E41\\u0E15\\u0E48 breakpoints \\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E16\\u0E39\\u0E01\\u0E02\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E44\\u0E1B
\\u0E25\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E14\\u0E39\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E2A\\u0E19\\u0E38\\u0E01\\u0E01\\u0E31\\u0E1A\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E16\\u0E36\\u0E07\\u0E44\\u0E2B\\u0E19!
Note
\\u0E08\\u0E33\\u0E44\\u0E27\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E44\\u0E21\\u0E48\\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 validator node \\u0E14\\u0E31\\u0E07\\u0E19\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19 default programs, blockhashes, \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E2D\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E19\\u0E46 \\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E44\\u0E21\\u0E48\\u0E21\\u0E35 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27\\u0E44\\u0E21\\u0E48\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E21\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E07\\u0E32\\u0E19\\u0E43\\u0E19 validator node. \\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E04\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E15\\u0E38\\u0E27\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E44\\u0E21\\u0E0A\\u0E32\\u0E27 Solana \\u0E16\\u0E36\\u0E07\\u0E17\\u0E33 Local Validator Node testing \\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22!
# \\u0E17\\u0E14\\u0E2A\\u0E2D\\u0E1A\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22 Local Validator Node \\u0E43\\u0E19 editor
\\u0E17\\u0E14\\u0E2A\\u0E2D\\u0E1A\\u0E01\\u0E32\\u0E23 integration \\u0E42\\u0E14\\u0E22\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 local validator node \\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E16\\u0E39\\u0E01\\u0E1B\\u0E23\\u0E30\\u0E01\\u0E32\\u0E28\\u0E44\\u0E27\\u0E49\\u0E43\\u0E19 tests/integration.rs file.
\\u0E15\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E1B\\u0E01\\u0E15\\u0E34\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E49\\u0E27 template repo integration tests \\u0E08\\u0E30 run \\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E40\\u0E09\\u0E1E\\u0E32\\u0E30\\u0E1A\\u0E19 command line \\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22\\u0E04\\u0E33\\u0E2A\\u0E31\\u0E48\\u0E07 cargo test-bpf \\u0E02\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E49\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32 run \\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E43\\u0E19 editor \\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22 \\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E21\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E41\\u0E2A\\u0E14\\u0E07 program validator logs \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 msg! outputs \\u0E08\\u0E32\\u0E01 program \\u0E02\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32:
- \\u0E43\\u0E19 repo directory run
cargo build-bpf\\u0E40\\u0E1E\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D build program \\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27\\u0E2D\\u0E22\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E07 - \\u0E43\\u0E19 editor, \\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14
tests/integration.rs - Comment \\u0E1A\\u0E23\\u0E23\\u0E17\\u0E31\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 1 \\u0E2D\\u0E2D\\u0E01 ->
// #![cfg(feature = "test-bpf")] - \\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E1A\\u0E23\\u0E23\\u0E17\\u0E31\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 19 \\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E25\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E22\\u0E19\\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E47\\u0E19:
.add_program("target/deploy/bpf_program_template", program_id) - \\u0E41\\u0E17\\u0E23\\u0E01 code \\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E49\\u0E25\\u0E07\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E1A\\u0E23\\u0E23\\u0E17\\u0E31\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 22
solana_logger::setup_with_default("solana_runtime::message=debug"); - \\u0E01\\u0E14
Run Test\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E19\\u0E37\\u0E2Dtest_validator_transaction()function
\\u0E02\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E14\\u0E31\\u0E07\\u0E01\\u0E25\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E27\\u0E08\\u0E30 load validator node \\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E2A\\u0E23\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E07 transaction (\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E27\\u0E22 Rust) \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E2A\\u0E48\\u0E07\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 node \\u0E42\\u0E14\\u0E22\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 RcpClient
\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E2B\\u0E47\\u0E19 program output \\u0E41\\u0E2A\\u0E14\\u0E07\\u0E2D\\u0E22\\u0E39\\u0E48\\u0E43\\u0E19 editor terminal \\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27\\u0E2D\\u0E22\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E0A\\u0E48\\u0E19 (\\u0E41\\u0E1A\\u0E1A\\u0E22\\u0E48\\u0E2D):
running 1 test\nWaiting for fees to stabilize 1...\nWaiting for fees to stabilize 2...\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke [1]\nProgram log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: 1 accounts, data=[1, 2, 3]\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM consumed 13027 of 200000 compute units\nProgram 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success\n\ntest test_validator_transaction ... ok\ntest result: ok. 1 passed; 0 failed; 0 ignored; 0 measured; 0 filtered out; finished in 6.40s\n1
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\\u0E01\\u0E32\\u0E23 Debugging \\u0E41\\u0E1A\\u0E1A\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E49\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16 debug functions \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 methods \\u0E43\\u0E19 test body \\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E41\\u0E15\\u0E48\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E44\\u0E21\\u0E48\\u0E21\\u0E35 breakpoint \\u0E43\\u0E19 program.
\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E40\\u0E08\\u0E4B\\u0E07\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E01\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E48\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E22\\u0E25\\u0E48\\u0E30?
# Local Validator Node Testing from Client Apps
\\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E2A\\u0E38\\u0E14\\u0E17\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E22\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16\\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14 local validating node \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 load program \\u0E02\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 accounts \\u0E43\\u0E14\\u0E46 \\u0E40\\u0E02\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E42\\u0E14\\u0E22\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 solana-test-validator \\u0E08\\u0E32\\u0E01 command line.
\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E17\\u0E33\\u0E27\\u0E34\\u0E18\\u0E35\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E49\\u0E44\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E08\\u0E30\\u0E15\\u0E49\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 client application \\u0E42\\u0E14\\u0E22\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 Rust RcpClient \\u0E2B\\u0E23\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E43\\u0E0A\\u0E49 JavaScript or Typescript clients
\\u0E25\\u0E2D\\u0E07 solana-test-validator --help \\u0E2A\\u0E33\\u0E2B\\u0E23\\u0E31\\u0E1A\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E22\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E40\\u0E2D\\u0E35\\u0E22\\u0E14\\u0E40\\u0E1E\\u0E34\\u0E48\\u0E21\\u0E40\\u0E15\\u0E34\\u0E21 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27\\u0E40\\u0E25\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E01\\u0E2D\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E19\\u0E46 \\u0E2A\\u0E33\\u0E2B\\u0E23\\u0E31\\u0E1A program \\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27\\u0E2D\\u0E22\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E07\\u0E14\\u0E49\\u0E32\\u0E19\\u0E25\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E07\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E04\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E02\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E2D\\u0E19\\u0E15\\u0E34\\u0E14\\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E07:
- \\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14 terminal \\u0E43\\u0E19 repo folder
- Run
solana config set -ul\\u0E40\\u0E1E\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E49\\u0E07\\u0E04\\u0E48\\u0E32\\u0E15\\u0E31\\u0E27\\u0E40\\u0E25\\u0E37\\u0E2D\\u0E01\\u0E43\\u0E2B\\u0E49\\u0E0A\\u0E35\\u0E49\\u0E44\\u0E1B\\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48 local - Run
solana-test-validator --bpf-program target/deploy/bpf_program_template-keypair.json target/deploy/bpf_program_template.so - \\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14 terminal \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30 run
solana logs\\u0E40\\u0E1E\\u0E37\\u0E48\\u0E2D\\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14 log streamer - \\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E2A\\u0E32\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E23\\u0E16 run client program \\u0E02\\u0E2D\\u0E07\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32 \\u0E41\\u0E25\\u0E30\\u0E14\\u0E39 program output \\u0E43\\u0E19 terminal \\u0E17\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E40\\u0E23\\u0E32\\u0E40\\u0E1B\\u0E34\\u0E14 log streamer \\u0E44\\u0E27\\u0E49
\\u0E19\\u0E35\\u0E48\\u0E21\\u0E31\\u0E19\\u0E14\\u0E35\\u0E21\\u0E32\\u0E01\\u0E40\\u0E25\\u0E22\\u0E19\\u0E30!
# Resources
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Fact Sheet
- Instructions(\\u547D\\u4EE4) \\u306F\\u3001Solana \\u306E\\u6700\\u3082\\u57FA\\u672C\\u7684\\u306A\\u64CD\\u4F5C\\u5358\\u4F4D\\u3067\\u3059\\u3002
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accounts\\u3092\\u683C\\u7D0D\\u3059\\u308B\\u914D\\u5217 - 1 \\u3064\\u4EE5\\u4E0A\\u306E
instructions(\\u547D\\u4EE4) - \\u6700\\u8FD1\\u306E
blockhash - 1 \\u3064\\u4EE5\\u4E0A\\u306E
signatures(\\u7F72\\u540D)
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- \\u547D\\u4EE4\\u306F\\u9806\\u756A\\u306B\\u3001\\u304B\\u3064\\u30A2\\u30C8\\u30DF\\u30C3\\u30AF\\u306B\\u51E6\\u7406\\u3055\\u308C\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
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# \\u8A73\\u7D30
Solana\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30BF\\u30A4\\u30E0\\u3067\\u306F\\u3001\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u3084\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u3067\\u8AAD\\u307F\\u66F8\\u304D\\u3092\\u884C\\u3046\\u4E88\\u5B9A\\u306E\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u3059\\u3079\\u3066\\u306E\\u30EA\\u30B9\\u30C8\\u304C\\u660E\\u793A\\u3055\\u308C\\u3066\\u3044\\u308B\\u5FC5\\u8981\\u304C\\u3042\\u308A\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u3053\\u308C\\u306B\\u3088\\u308A\\u3001\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30BF\\u30A4\\u30E0\\u306F\\u3059\\u3079\\u3066\\u306E\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306E\\u4E26\\u5217\\u5B9F\\u884C\\u304C\\u53EF\\u80FD\\u306B\\u306A\\u308A\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u304C\\u30AF\\u30E9\\u30B9\\u30BF\\u30FC\\u306B\\u9001\\u4FE1\\u3055\\u308C\\u308B\\u3068\\u3001\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30BF\\u30A4\\u30E0\\u306F\\u305D\\u306E\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u3092\\u9806\\u756A\\u306B\\u30A2\\u30C8\\u30DF\\u30C3\\u30AF\\u306B\\u51E6\\u7406\\u3057\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002 \\u547D\\u4EE4\\u3054\\u3068\\u306B\\u3001\\u53D7\\u4FE1\\u5074\\u30D7\\u30ED\\u30B0\\u30E9\\u30E0\\u306F\\u30C7\\u30FC\\u30BF\\u914D\\u5217\\u3092\\u89E3\\u91C8\\u3057\\u3001\\u6307\\u5B9A\\u3055\\u308C\\u305F\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u3092\\u64CD\\u4F5C\\u3057\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u30D7\\u30ED\\u30B0\\u30E9\\u30E0\\u306F\\u6B63\\u5E38\\u7D42\\u4E86\\u3059\\u308B\\u304B\\u3001\\u30A8\\u30E9\\u30FC\\u30B3\\u30FC\\u30C9\\u3092\\u8FD4\\u3057\\u3001\\u30A8\\u30E9\\u30FC\\u304C\\u8FD4\\u3055\\u308C\\u305F\\u5834\\u5408\\u3001\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u5168\\u4F53\\u304C\\u3059\\u3050\\u306B\\u5931\\u6557\\u3057\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u306E\\u5F15\\u304D\\u843D\\u3068\\u3057\\u307E\\u305F\\u306F\\u305D\\u306E\\u30C7\\u30FC\\u30BF\\u306E\\u5909\\u66F4\\u3092\\u76EE\\u7684\\u3068\\u3059\\u308B\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306B\\u306F\\u3001 \\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u6240\\u6709\\u8005\\u306E\\u306E\\u7F72\\u540D\\u304C\\u5FC5\\u8981\\u3067\\u3059\\u3002 \\u5909\\u66F4\\u3055\\u308C\\u308B\\u3059\\u3079\\u3066\\u306E\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u306F writable\\u3068\\u3057\\u3066\\u30DE\\u30FC\\u30AF\\u3055\\u308C\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u53D6\\u5F15\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u306E\\u652F\\u6255\\u8005\\u304C\\u5FC5\\u8981\\u306Arent\\u3068\\u53D6\\u5F15\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u3092\\u8CC4\\u3046\\u3053\\u3068\\u304C\\u3067\\u304D\\u308C\\u3070\\u3001\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u306F\\u6240\\u6709\\u8005\\u306E\\u8A31\\u53EF\\u306A\\u304F\\u5165\\u91D1\\u3059\\u308B\\u3053\\u3068\\u304C\\u53EF\\u80FD\\u3067\\u3059\\u3002
Solana \\u3067\\u306F\\u3001\\u53D6\\u5F15\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u306F\\u6C7A\\u5B9A\\u8AD6\\u7684\\u3067\\u3059\\u3002\\u30E6\\u30FC\\u30B6\\u30FC\\u304C\\u6B21\\u306E\\u30D6\\u30ED\\u30C3\\u30AF\\u306B\\u542B\\u307E\\u308C\\u308B\\u53EF\\u80FD\\u6027\\u3092\\u9AD8\\u3081\\u308B\\u305F\\u3081\\u306B\\u3001\\u3088\\u308A\\u9AD8\\u3044\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u3092\\u652F\\u6255\\u3046\\u3053\\u3068\\u304C\\u3067\\u304D\\u308B\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u5E02\\u5834\\u306E\\u6982\\u5FF5\\u306F\\u3042\\u308A\\u307E\\u305B\\u3093\\u3002
\\u3053\\u306E\\u8A18\\u4E8B\\u306E\\u57F7\\u7B46\\u6642\\u70B9\\u3067\\u306F\\u3001\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u6599\\u91D1\\u306F\\u3001\\u4F7F\\u7528\\u3055\\u308C\\u308B\\u30EA\\u30BD\\u30FC\\u30B9\\u306E\\u91CF\\u3067\\u306F\\u306A\\u304F\\u3001\\u5FC5\\u8981\\u306A\\u7F72\\u540D\\u306E\\u6570 (\\u3064\\u307E\\u308A\\u3001lamports_per_signature) \\u306B\\u3088\\u3063\\u3066\\u306E\\u307F\\u6C7A\\u5B9A\\u3055\\u308C\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002 \\u3053\\u308C\\u306F\\u3001\\u73FE\\u5728\\u3059\\u3079\\u3066\\u306E\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306B 1232 \\u30D0\\u30A4\\u30C8\\u306E\\u53B3\\u3057\\u3044\\u5236\\u9650\\u304C\\u3042\\u308B\\u305F\\u3081\\u3067\\u3059\\u3002
\\u3059\\u3079\\u3066\\u306E\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306B\\u306F\\u3001\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306B\\u7F72\\u540D\\u3059\\u308B\\u305F\\u3081\\u306E writable \\u306A\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u304C\\u5C11\\u306A\\u304F\\u3068\\u3082 1 \\u3064\\u5FC5\\u8981\\u3067\\u3059\\u3002 \\u9001\\u4FE1\\u3055\\u308C\\u308B\\u3068\\u3001\\u6700\\u521D\\u306B\\u30B7\\u30EA\\u30A2\\u30EB\\u5316\\u3055\\u308C\\u305F writable \\u306A\\u7F72\\u540D\\u8005\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u304C\\u6599\\u91D1\\u306E\\u652F\\u6255\\u3044\\u8005\\u306B\\u306A\\u308A\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u3053\\u306E\\u30A2\\u30AB\\u30A6\\u30F3\\u30C8\\u306F\\u3001\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306E\\u6210\\u529F\\u307E\\u305F\\u306F\\u5931\\u6557\\u306B\\u95A2\\u4FC2\\u306A\\u304F\\u3001\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u306E\\u8CBB\\u7528\\u3092\\u652F\\u6255\\u3044\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002 \\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u306E\\u652F\\u6255\\u8005\\u304C\\u53D6\\u5F15\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u3092\\u652F\\u6255\\u3046\\u306E\\u306B\\u5341\\u5206\\u306A\\u6B8B\\u9AD8\\u3092\\u6301\\u3063\\u3066\\u3044\\u306A\\u3044\\u5834\\u5408\\u3001\\u53D6\\u5F15\\u306F\\u4E2D\\u6B62\\u3055\\u308C\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u3053\\u306E\\u8A18\\u4E8B\\u306E\\u57F7\\u7B46\\u6642\\u70B9\\u3067\\u306F\\u3001\\u3059\\u3079\\u3066\\u306E\\u53D6\\u5F15\\u624B\\u6570\\u6599\\u306E 50% \\u304C\\u30D6\\u30ED\\u30C3\\u30AF\\u3092\\u751F\\u6210\\u3059\\u308B\\u30D0\\u30EA\\u30C7\\u30FC\\u30BF\\u30FC\\u306B\\u3088\\u3063\\u3066\\u53CE\\u96C6\\u3055\\u308C\\u3001\\u6B8B\\u308A\\u306E 50% \\u306F\\u30D0\\u30FC\\u30F3\\u3055\\u308C\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
\\u3053\\u306E\\u69CB\\u9020\\u306B\\u3088\\u308A\\u3001\\u30EA\\u30FC\\u30C0\\u30FC\\u30B9\\u30B1\\u30B8\\u30E5\\u30FC\\u30EB\\u306Eslot\\u4E2D\\u306B\\u3067\\u304D\\u308B\\u3060\\u3051\\u591A\\u304F\\u306E\\u30C8\\u30E9\\u30F3\\u30B6\\u30AF\\u30B7\\u30E7\\u30F3\\u3092\\u51E6\\u7406\\u3059\\u308B\\u30D0\\u30EA\\u30C7\\u30FC\\u30BF\\u30FC\\u306B\\u30A4\\u30F3\\u30BB\\u30F3\\u30C6\\u30A3\\u30D6\\u3092\\u4E0E\\u3048\\u308B\\u3088\\u3046\\u6A5F\\u80FD\\u3057\\u307E\\u3059\\u3002
# \\u305D\\u306E\\u4ED6\\u53C2\\u8003\\u8CC7\\u6599
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Sie k\\xF6nnen konvertieren .SOL-Domains zu ihrem publicKey mit dem Folgenden:\",-1),_=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n getHashedName`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n getNameAccountKey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n NameRegistryState`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"@bonfida/spl-name-service\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(\" Connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" clusterApiUrl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" domain \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"levi.sol\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" hashedName \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getHashedName\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"domain\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"replace\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\".sol\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"owner\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"registry\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"owner\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"toBase58\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 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punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// bonfida\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"5\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"6\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"7\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"8\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"9\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"10\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"11\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"12\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),A=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts 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domainKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// bonfida\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),D=n(\"h2\",{id:\"subdomain-nachschlagen\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[n(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#subdomain-nachschlagen\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),s(\" Subdomain nachschlagen\")],-1),P=n(\"p\",null,\"Um eine Subdomain aufzul\\xF6sen, m\\xFCssen Sie:\",-1),R=n(\"ol\",null,[n(\"li\",null,\"Holen Sie sich den Schl\\xFCssel der \\xFCbergeordneten Dom\\xE4ne\"),n(\"li\",null,\"Holen Sie sich den Subdomain-Schl\\xFCssel\"),n(\"li\",null,\"Rufen Sie die Kontoinformationen ab\")],-1),x=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts 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punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"as\"),s(\" nacl \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"tweetnacl\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"as\"),s(\" bs58 \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"bs58\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// to complete a offline transaction, I will seperate them into four steps\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 1. Create Transaction\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 2. Sign Transaction\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3. Recover Transaction\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 4. Send Transaction\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"async\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=>\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// create connection\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" connection \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"clusterApiUrl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"devnet\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"confirmed\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// create a example tx, alice transfer to bob and feePayer is `feePayer`\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// alice and feePayer are signer in this tx\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" feePayer \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" alice \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"alice\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" bob \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 1. Create Transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" tx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"transfer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" alice\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n toPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" bob\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0.1\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n tx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"recentBlockhash \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getRecentBlockhash\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"blockhash\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n tx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"feePayer \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" realDataNeedToSign \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" tx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serializeMessage\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// the real data singer need to sign.\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 2. Sign Transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// use any lib you like, the main idea is to use ed25519 to sign it.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// the return signature should be 64 bytes.\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" feePayerSignature \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" nacl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"sign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"detached\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n realDataNeedToSign`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n feePayer`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(`secretKey\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" aliceSignature \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" nacl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"sign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"detached\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"realDataNeedToSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" alice\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"secretKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3. Recover Tranasction\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// you can verify signatures before you recovering the transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" verifyFeePayerSignatureResult \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" nacl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"sign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"detached\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"verify\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n realDataNeedToSign`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n feePayerSignature`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n feePayer`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"toBytes\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// you should use the raw pubkey (32 bytes) to verify\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"verify feePayer signature: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"verifyFeePayerSignatureResult\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" verifyAliceSignatureResult \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" nacl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"sign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"detached\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"verify\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n realDataNeedToSign`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n aliceSignature`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n alice`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"toBytes\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"verify alice signature: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"verifyAliceSignatureResult\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// there are two ways you can recover the tx\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" recoverTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"populate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"Message\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"realDataNeedToSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n recoverTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"addSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" Buffer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayerSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n recoverTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"addSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"alice\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" Buffer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"aliceSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 4. Send transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"txhash: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendRawTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"recoverTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// or\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" recoverTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"populate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"Message\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"realDataNeedToSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n bs58`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"encode\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayerSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n bs58`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"encode\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"aliceSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 4. Send transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"txhash: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendRawTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"recoverTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// if this process takes too long, your recent blockhash will expire (after 150 blocks).\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// you can use `durable nonce` to get rid of it.\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"94\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"95\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"96\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"97\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"98\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"99\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"100\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"101\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"102\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"103\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),g=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// there are two ways you can recover the tx\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" recoverTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"populate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"Message\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"realDataNeedToSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n recoverTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"addSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" Buffer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayerSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n recoverTx`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"addSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"alice\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" Buffer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"aliceSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 4. Send transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"txhash: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendRawTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"recoverTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// or\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" recoverTx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"populate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"Message\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"realDataNeedToSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(`\n bs58`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"encode\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"feePayerSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n bs58`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"encode\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"aliceSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 4. Send transaction\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"txhash: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendRawTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"recoverTx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"5\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"6\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"7\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"8\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"9\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"10\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"11\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"12\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"13\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"14\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"15\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"16\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"17\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"18\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"19\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"20\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"21\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"22\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"23\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"24\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"25\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"26\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"27\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),f=n(\"h2\",{id:\"bahagyang-sign-transaksyon\",tabindex:\"-1\"},[n(\"a\",{class:\"header-anchor\",href:\"#bahagyang-sign-transaksyon\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},\"#\"),s(\" Bahagyang Sign Transaksyon\")],-1),w=n(\"p\",null,\"Kapag ang isang transaksyon ay nangangailangan ng maraming lagda, maaari mo itong bahagyang lagdaan. Ang iba pang mga pumirma ay maaaring pumirma at mai-broadcast ito sa network.\",-1),h=n(\"p\",null,\"Ilang halimbawa kung kailan ito kapaki-pakinabang:\",-1),A=n(\"ul\",null,[n(\"li\",null,\"Magpadala ng token ng SPL bilang kapalit ng pagbabayad\"),n(\"li\",null,\"Pumirma ng isang transaksyon upang ma-verify mo ang pagiging tunay nito\"),n(\"li\",null,\"Tumawag sa mga pasadyang programa sa isang transaksyon na nangangailangan ng iyong lagda\")],-1),T=n(\"p\",null,\"Sa halimbawang ito, pinadalhan ni Bob si Alice ng isang token ng SPL bilang kapalit sa kanyang pagbabayad:\",-1),P=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n createTransferCheckedInstruction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n getAssociatedTokenAddress`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n getMint`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"@solana/spl-token\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n clusterApiUrl`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Keypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n PublicKey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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string\"},'\"5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8\"'),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" bobKeypair \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"fromSecretKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n base58`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"decode\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp\"'),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" tokenAddress 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comment\"},\"// Alice may not have a token account, so Bob creates one if not\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" aliceTokenAccount \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n bobKeypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Bob pays the fee to create it\"),s(`\n tokenAddress`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// which token the account is for\"),s(`\n alicePublicKey `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// who the token account is for\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Transfer 0.01 SOL from Alice -> Bob\"),s(`\n transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"transfer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" alicePublicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n toPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" bobKeypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"0.01\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Transfer 1 token from Bob -> Alice\"),s(`\n transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createTransferCheckedInstruction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n bobTokenAddress`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// source\"),s(`\n tokenAddress`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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decimals of token\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Partial sign as Bob\"),s(`\n transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"partialSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"bobKeypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Serialize the transaction and convert to base64 to return it\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" serializedTransaction \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"94\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"95\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"96\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"97\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"98\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"99\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),S=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 1. Add an instruction to send the token from Bob to Alice\"),s(`\ntransaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createTransferCheckedInstruction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n bobTokenAddress`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// source\"),s(`\n tokenAddress`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// mint\"),s(`\n aliceTokenAccount`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"address\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// destination\"),s(`\n bobKeypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// owner of source account\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"1\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"*\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"10\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"**\"),s(\" tokenMint\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"decimals\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// amount to transfer\"),s(`\n tokenMint`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"decimals \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// decimals of token\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 2. Bob partially signs the transaction\"),s(`\ntransaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"partialSign\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"bobKeypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 3. Serialize the transaction without requiring all signatures\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" serializedTransaction \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"serialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n requireAllSignatures`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token boolean\"},\"false\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// 4. Alice can deserialize the transaction\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" recoveredTransaction \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n Buffer`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"from\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"transactionBase64\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"base64\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`)])]),n(\"div\",{class:\"line-numbers\",\"aria-hidden\":\"true\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"1\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"2\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"3\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"4\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"5\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"6\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"7\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"8\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"9\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"10\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"11\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"12\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"13\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"14\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"15\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"16\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"17\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"18\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"19\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"20\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"21\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"22\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"23\"),n(\"br\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"line-number\"},\"24\"),n(\"br\")])],-1),_=r('# Matibay Nonce
Ang RecentBlockhash ay isang mahalagang halaga para sa isang transaksyon. Tatanggihan ang iyong transaksyon kung gumamit ka ng nag-expire kamakailang blockhash (pagkatapos ng 150 block). Maaari mong gamitin ang durable nonce para makakuha ng hindi nag-expire kamakailang blockhash. Upang ma-trigger ang mekanismong ito, dapat ang iyong transaksyon
- gumamit ng
noncena naka-store sanonce accountbilang kamakailang blockhash - ilagay ang
nonce advancena operasyon sa unang pagtuturo
# Lumikha ng Nonce Account
',4),v=n(\"div\",{class:\"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"import\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n clusterApiUrl`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Connection`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Keypair`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n Transaction`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"from\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"@solana/web3.js\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"async\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=>\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Setup our connection and wallet\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" connection \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"clusterApiUrl\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"devnet\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},'\"confirmed\"'),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" feePayer \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" airdropSignature \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"requestAirdrop\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n feePayer`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"confirmTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"airdropSignature\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"const\"),s(\" nonceAccountAuth \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" nonceAccount \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(\" Keypair\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"generate\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"nonce account: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),s(\"nonceAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"toBase58\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" tx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// create nonce account\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n newAccountPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" nonceAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n space`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token constant\"},\"NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n programId`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" SystemProgram\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"programId\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// init nonce account\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"nonceInitialize\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n noncePubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" nonceAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// nonce account pubkey\"),s(`\n authorizedPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" nonceAccountAuth\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// nonce account authority (for advance and close)\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token builtin\"},\"console\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"log\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-string\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token string\"},\"txhash: \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation\"},[n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"${\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"await\"),s(\" connection\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"sendTransaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(\"tx\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"[\"),s(\"feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(\" nonceAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"]\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation\"},\"}\")]),n(\"span\",{class:\"token template-punctuation string\"},\"`\")]),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\";\"),s(`\n`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"}\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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ext-ts line-numbers-mode\"},[n(\"pre\",{class:\"language-typescript\"},[n(\"code\",null,[n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"let\"),s(\" tx \"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\"=\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token keyword\"},\"new\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token class-name\"},\"Transaction\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"add\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// create nonce account\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"createAccount\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token 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punctuation\"},\")\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n `),n(\"span\",{class:\"token comment\"},\"// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.\"),s(`\n SystemProgram`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token function\"},\"transfer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"(\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\"{\"),s(`\n fromPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" feePayer\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n toPubkey`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(\" nonceAccountAuth\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\".\"),s(\"publicKey\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n lamports`),n(\"span\",{class:\"token operator\"},\":\"),s(),n(\"span\",{class:\"token number\"},\"1\"),n(\"span\",{class:\"token punctuation\"},\",\"),s(`\n 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downloading LATEST_RELEASE installer\nConfiguration: /home/solana/.config/solana/install/config.yml\nActive release directory: /home/solana/.local/share/solana/install/active_release\n* Release version: LATEST_RELEASE\n* Release URL: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/download/LATEST_RELEASE/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2\nUpdate successful\n1
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\\u6839\\u636E\\u4E0D\\u540C\\u7684\\u7CFB\\u7EDF\\uFF0C\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u5305\\u53EF\\u80FD\\u63D0\\u793A\\u60A8
Please update your PATH environment variable to include the solana programs:\n1
\\u5982\\u679C\\u770B\\u5230\\u4EE5\\u4E0A\\u63D0\\u793A\\u4FE1\\u606F\\uFF0C\\u590D\\u5236\\u8FD9\\u4E0B\\u9762\\u8F93\\u51FA\\u7684\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u5E76\\u7C98\\u8D34\\u5230\\u7CFB\\u7EDF\\u7684PATH\\u76EE\\u5F55\\u4E2D\\u3002
\\u7528\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u786E\\u8BA4\\u4F60\\u5DF2\\u7ECF\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u597D\\u6307\\u5B9A\\u7248\\u672C\\u7684solana\\uFF1A
solana --version\n1
\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u6210\\u529F\\u540E\\uFF0C\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u4F7F\\u7528solana-install update\\u547D\\u4EE4\\uFF0C\\u968F\\u65F6\\u5C06Solana\\u8F6F\\u4EF6\\u66F4\\u65B0\\u5230\\u65B0\\u7248\\u672C\\u3002
# \\u4E0B\\u8F7D\\u9884\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6 \\uFF08linux\\uFF09
\\u9664\\u4E86\\u901A\\u8FC7solana-install\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u4E4B\\u5916\\uFF0C\\u4F60\\u8FD8\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u901A\\u8FC7\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u3002
tar jxf solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2\ncd solana-release/\nexport PATH=$PWD/bin:$PATH\n1
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2
3
# \\u4E0B\\u8F7D\\u9884\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6 \\uFF08macOS\\uFF09
\\u9664\\u4E86\\u901A\\u8FC7solana-install\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u4E4B\\u5916\\uFF0C\\u4F60\\u8FD8\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u901A\\u8FC7\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u3002
tar jxf solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2\ncd solana-release/\nexport PATH=$PWD/bin:$PATH\n1
2
3
2
3
# Windows
\\u4EE5\\u7BA1\\u7406\\u5458\\u6743\\u9650\\u6253\\u5F00\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26\\uFF08cmd.exe\\uFF09\\u3002
\\u5728Windows\\u641C\\u7D22\\u680F\\u4E2D\\u641C\\u7D22"\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26"\\uFF0C\\u5728\\u663E\\u793A\\u51FA\\u6765\\u7684\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26\\u5E94\\u7528\\u4E0A\\u70B9\\u51FB\\u53F3\\u952E\\uFF0C\\u9009\\u62E9"\\u4EE5\\u7BA1\\u7406\\u5458\\u8EAB\\u4EFD\\u8FD0\\u884C"\\u3002 \\u5F53\\u5F39\\u51FA\\u5BF9\\u8BDD\\u6846\\u8BE2\\u95EE"\\u4F60\\u8981\\u5141\\u8BB8\\u6B64\\u5E94\\u7528\\u5BF9\\u4F60\\u7684\\u8BBE\\u5907\\u8FDB\\u884C\\u66F4\\u6539\\u5417\\uFF1F"\\uFF0C\\u70B9\\u51FB"\\u662F"\\u3002
\\u590D\\u5236\\u5E76\\u7C98\\u8D34\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\uFF0C\\u6309\\u56DE\\u8F66\\u952E\\uFF0C\\u5C06Solana\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u5305\\u4E0B\\u8F7D\\u5230\\u4E34\\u65F6\\u6587\\u4EF6\\u5939\\uFF1A
curl https://release.solana.com/v1.8.5/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe --output C:\\\\solana-install-tmp\\\\solana-install-init.exe --create-dirs\n1
\\u590D\\u5236\\u5E76\\u7C98\\u8D34\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\uFF0C\\u7136\\u540E\\u6309\\u56DE\\u8F66\\u952E\\uFF0C\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u6700\\u65B0\\u7248\\u7684Solana\\u3002\\u5F53\\u7CFB\\u7EDF\\u5F39\\u51FA\\u5B89\\u5168\\u5BF9\\u8BDD\\u6846\\u65F6\\uFF0C\\u9009\\u62E9\\u5141\\u8BB8\\u7A0B\\u5E8F\\u8FD0\\u884C\\u3002
C:\\\\solana-install-tmp\\\\solana-install-init.exe v1.8.5\n1
\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u5305\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u5B8C\\u6210\\u65F6\\uFF0C\\u6309\\u56DE\\u8F66\\u952E\\u3002
\\u5173\\u6389\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26\\u7A97\\u53E3\\u3002\\u91CD\\u65B0\\u4EE5\\u666E\\u901A\\u7528\\u6237\\u6743\\u9650\\u6253\\u5F00\\u4E00\\u4E2A\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26\\u7A97\\u53E3\\u3002
\\u5728Windows\\u641C\\u7D22\\u680F\\u4E2D\\u641C\\u7D22"\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26"\\uFF0C\\u5728\\u663E\\u793A\\u51FA\\u6765\\u7684\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26\\u5E94\\u7528\\u4E0A\\u70B9\\u51FB\\u5DE6\\u952E\\uFF08\\u8FD9\\u6B21\\u4E0D\\u9700\\u8981\\u4EE5\\u7BA1\\u7406\\u5458\\u8EAB\\u4EFD\\u8FD0\\u884C\\uFF09\\u3002
\\u7528\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u786E\\u8BA4\\u5DF2\\u7ECF\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u597D\\u6307\\u5B9A\\u7248\\u672C\\u7684solana\\uFF1A
solana --version\n1
\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u6210\\u529F\\u540E\\uFF0C\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u4F7F\\u7528solana-install update\\u547D\\u4EE4\\uFF0C\\u968F\\u65F6\\u5C06Solana\\u8F6F\\u4EF6\\u66F4\\u65B0\\u5230\\u65B0\\u7248\\u672C\\u3002
# \\u4E0B\\u8F7D\\u9884\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6
\\u9664\\u4E86\\u901A\\u8FC7solana-install\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u4E4B\\u5916\\uFF0C\\u4F60\\u8FD8\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u901A\\u8FC7\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6\\u5B89\\u88C5\\u3002
\\u6253\\u5F00\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u63D0\\u793A\\u7B26\\u5E76\\u5207\\u6362\\u76EE\\u5F55\\u81F3\\u521A\\u624D\\u89E3\\u538B\\u7684\\u4F4D\\u7F6E\\uFF0C\\u8FD0\\u884C\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\uFF1A
cd solana-release/\nset PATH=%cd%/bin;%PATH%\n1
2
2
# \\u4ECE\\u6E90\\u7801\\u7F16\\u8BD1
`,3),Ys=n(\"\\u5982\\u679C\\u4F60\\u4E0D\\u80FD\\u4F7F\\u7528\\u9884\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\u7684\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6\\uFF0C\\u6216\\u8005\\u5E0C\\u671B\\u81EA\\u5DF1\\u4ECE\\u6E90\\u7801\\u8FDB\\u884C\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\uFF0C\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u8BBF\\u95EE \"),Fs={href:\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest\",target:\"_blank\",rel:\"noopener noreferrer\"},Js=n(\"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest\"),Xs=n(\"\\uFF0C \\u4E0B\\u8F7D\"),Ks=s(\"strong\",null,\"Source Code\",-1),Qs=n(\"\\u538B\\u7F29\\u5305\\u3002\\u89E3\\u538B\\u4EE3\\u7801\\uFF0C\\u7528\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6\\uFF1A\"),Zs=o(`./scripts/cargo-install-all.sh .\nexport PATH=$PWD/bin:$PATH\n1
2
2
\\u7136\\u540E\\u8FD0\\u884C\\u4EE5\\u4E0B\\u547D\\u4EE4\\uFF0C\\u53EF\\u4EE5\\u548C\\u9884\\u7F16\\u8BD1\\u4E8C\\u8FDB\\u5236\\u6587\\u4EF6\\u83B7\\u5F97\\u4E00\\u6837\\u7684\\u7ED3\\u679C\\uFF1A
solana-install init\n1
repo_id
stringclasses 563
values | file_path
stringlengths 40
166
| content
stringlengths 1
2.94M
| __index_level_0__
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0
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|---|---|---|---|
solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id
|
solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/id/references/local-development.html
|
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="id-ID">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1">
<meta name="generator" content="VuePress 2.0.0-beta.36">
<style>
:root {
--c-bg: #fff;
}
html.dark {
--c-bg: #22272e;
}
html, body {
background-color: var(--c-bg);
}
</style>
<script>
const userMode = localStorage.getItem('vuepress-color-scheme');
const systemDarkMode = window.matchMedia && window.matchMedia('(prefers-color-scheme: dark)').matches;
if (userMode === 'dark' || (userMode !== 'light' && systemDarkMode)) {
document.documentElement.classList.toggle('dark', true);
}
</script>
<meta name="title" content="Buku Panduan Solana | Development Lokal"><meta name="og:title" content="Buku Panduan Solana | Development Lokal"><meta name="description" content="Menyiapkan Validator Lokal untuk environment pengembangan lokal dan Airdrop SOL. Pelajari tentang development lokal dan referensi lainnya untuk Membangun Solana di Buku Panduan Solana."><meta name="og:description" content="Menyiapkan Validator Lokal untuk environment pengembangan lokal dan Airdrop SOL. Pelajari tentang development lokal dan referensi lainnya untuk Membangun Solana di Buku Panduan Solana."><meta name="og:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="og:image:alt" content="Solana splash card"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@solanacookbook"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,noodp"><meta name="googlebot" content="index,follow"><link rel="icon" href="/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg"><script data-domain="solanacookbook.com" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script><title>Development Lokal | Buku Panduan Solana</title>
<link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/app.07ce7a66.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local-development.html.7e1bd7bf.js"><link rel="modulepreload" href="/assets/local-development.html.6fe99a83.js">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/assets/style.fecd2c41.css">
</head>
<body>
<div id="app"><!--[--><div class="theme-container"><!--[--><header ref_key="navbar" class="navbar"><div class="toggle-sidebar-button" title="toggle sidebar" aria-expanded="false" role="button" tabindex="0"><div class="icon" aria-hidden="true"><span></span><span></span><span></span></div></div><span><a href="/id/" class=""><!----><span class="site-name can-hide">Buku Panduan Solana</span></a></span><div class="navbar-items-wrapper" style=""><!--[--><!--]--><nav class="navbar-items can-hide"><!--[--><div class="navbar-item"><a class="external-link" href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Kontribusi"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontribusi <span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><div class="navbar-item"><div class="navbar-dropdown-wrapper"><button class="navbar-dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="Select language"><span class="title">Languages</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><button class="navbar-dropdown-title-mobile" type="button" aria-label="Select language"><span class="title">Languages</span><span class="right arrow"></span></button><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="navbar-dropdown"><!--[--><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="English"><!--[--><!--]--> English <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="中文（简体）"><!--[--><!--]--> 中文（简体） <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Spanish"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/pt/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Português"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/de/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Deutsch"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/vi/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Tiếng Việt"><!--[--><!--]--> Tiếng Việt <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/th/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="ไทย"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Français"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><button class="toggle-dark-button" title="toggle dark mode"><svg style="" class="icon" focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M16 12.005a4 4 0 1 1-4 4a4.005 4.005 0 0 1 4-4m0-2a6 6 0 1 0 6 6a6 6 0 0 0-6-6z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M5.394 6.813l1.414-1.415l3.506 3.506L8.9 10.318z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M2 15.005h5v2H2z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M5.394 25.197L8.9 21.691l1.414 1.415l-3.506 3.505z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M15 25.005h2v5h-2z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M21.687 23.106l1.414-1.415l3.506 3.506l-1.414 1.414z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M25 15.005h5v2h-5z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M21.687 8.904l3.506-3.506l1.414 1.415l-3.506 3.505z" fill="currentColor"></path><path d="M15 2.005h2v5h-2z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg><svg style="display:none;" class="icon" focusable="false" viewBox="0 0 32 32"><path d="M13.502 5.414a15.075 15.075 0 0 0 11.594 18.194a11.113 11.113 0 0 1-7.975 3.39c-.138 0-.278.005-.418 0a11.094 11.094 0 0 1-3.2-21.584M14.98 3a1.002 1.002 0 0 0-.175.016a13.096 13.096 0 0 0 1.825 25.981c.164.006.328 0 .49 0a13.072 13.072 0 0 0 10.703-5.555a1.01 1.01 0 0 0-.783-1.565A13.08 13.08 0 0 1 15.89 4.38A1.015 1.015 0 0 0 14.98 3z" fill="currentColor"></path></svg></button><div id="docsearch-container"></div></div></header><!--]--><div class="sidebar-mask"></div><!--[--><aside class="sidebar"><nav class="navbar-items"><!--[--><div class="navbar-item"><a class="external-link" href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook" rel="noopener noreferrer" target="_blank" aria-label="Kontribusi"><!--[--><!--]--> Kontribusi <span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><div class="navbar-item"><div class="navbar-dropdown-wrapper"><button class="navbar-dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="Select language"><span class="title">Languages</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><button class="navbar-dropdown-title-mobile" type="button" aria-label="Select language"><span class="title">Languages</span><span class="right arrow"></span></button><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="navbar-dropdown"><!--[--><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="English"><!--[--><!--]--> English <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="中文（简体）"><!--[--><!--]--> 中文（简体） <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Spanish"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/pt/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Português"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/de/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Deutsch"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/vi/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Tiếng Việt"><!--[--><!--]--> Tiếng Việt <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/th/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="ไทย"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Français"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#memulai-validator-lokal" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Memulai Validator Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Memulai Validator Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#menghubungkan-ke-environment" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menghubungkan Ke Environment"><!--[--><!--]--> Menghubungkan Ke Environment <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#subskripsi-event" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Subskripsi Event"><!--[--><!--]--> Subskripsi Event <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#mendapatkan-tes-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Tes SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Tes SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#menggunakan-akun-dan-program-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menggunakan Akun dan Program Mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Menggunakan Akun dan Program Mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#cara-memuat-akun-dari-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara memuat akun dari mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara memuat akun dari mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/local-development.html#cara-memuat-program-dari-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara memuat program dari mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara memuat program dari mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="development-lokal" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#development-lokal" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Development Lokal</h1><h2 id="memulai-validator-lokal" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#memulai-validator-lokal" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Memulai Validator Lokal</h2><p>Menguji kode program anda secara lokal bisa jauh lebih andal daripada pengujian di devnet, dan bisa membantu anda menguji sebelum mencobanya di devnet.</p><p>Anda bisa mengatur validator pengujian lokal anda dengan menginstal <a href="/getting-started/installation.html#install-cli" class="">solana tool suite</a> dan menjalankannya.</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Keuntungan menggunakan validator uji lokal meliputi:</p><ul><li>Tidak ada batas kecepatan RPC</li><li>Tidak ada batasan airdrop</li><li>Penyebaran program on-chain langsung (<code>--bpf-program ...</code>)</li><li>Mengkloning akun dari cluster publik, termasuk program (<code>--clone ...</code>)</li><li>Retensi riwayat transaksi yang dapat dikonfigurasi (<code>--limit-ledger-size ...</code>)</li><li>Panjang zaman yang dapat dikonfigurasi (<code>--slots-per-epoch ...</code>)</li><li>Lompat ke slot arbitrer (<code>--warp-slot ...</code>)</li></ul><h2 id="menghubungkan-ke-environment" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menghubungkan-ke-environment" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menghubungkan Ke Environment</h2><p>Saat anda mengerjakan pengembangan Solana, anda harus terhubung ke titik akhir API RPC tertentu. Solana memiliki 3 alamat environment:</p><ul><li>mainnet-beta https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</li><li>devnet https://api.devnet.solana.com</li><li>testnet https://api.testnet.solana.com</li></ul><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Terakhir, anda juga dapat terhubung ke cluster pribadi, baik satu lokal atau berjalan dari jarak jauh sebagai berikut:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// This will connect you to your local validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="subskripsi-event" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#subskripsi-event" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Subskripsi Event</h2><p>Soket web menyediakan antarmuka pub/sub dimana anda bisa mendengarkan <em>event</em> tertentu. Alih-alih melakukan ping ke titik akhir HTTP biasa pada suatu interval untuk mendapatkan pembaruan yang sering, Anda dapat menerima pembaruan tersebut hanya ketika itu terjadi.</p><p>Web3 Solana <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>Connection</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> di bawah tenda menghasilkan titik akhir websocket dan mendaftarkan klien websocket saat anda membuat instansi <code>Connection</code> baru. (see source code <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js/blob/45923ca00e4cc1ed079d8e55ecbee83e5b4dc174/src/connection.ts#L2100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">here<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>).</p><p>Kelas <code>Connection</code> mengekspos metode pub/sub - semuanya dimulai dengan <code>on</code>, seperti pemancar peristiwa. Saat anda memanggil metode pendengar ini, itu mendaftarkan langganan baru ke klien websocket dari instansi <code>Connection</code> itu. Contoh metode pub/sub yang kami gunakan di bawah ini adalah <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#onAccountChange" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>onAccountChange</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Panggilan balik akan memberikan data status yang diperbarui melalui argumen (see <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/modules.html#AccountChangeCallback" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>AccountChangeCallback</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> as an example).</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> context<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Updated account info: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> context<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Updated account info: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> asyncio
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>websocket_api <span class="token keyword">import</span> connect
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment"># Create a Test Wallet</span>
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_subscribe<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Capture response from account subscription </span>
first_resp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>first_resp<span class="token punctuation">.</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
updated_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>updated_account_info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
asyncio<span class="token punctuation">.</span>run<span class="token punctuation">(</span>main<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment"># Create a Test Wallet</span>
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_subscribe<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Capture response from account subscription </span>
first_resp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>first_resp<span class="token punctuation">.</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
updated_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>updated_account_info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ on_account_change.cpp -o on_account_change -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> subscriptionId <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">on_account_change</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Result<span class="token operator"><</span>Account<span class="token operator">></span> result<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Account account <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"owner = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"lamports = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"data = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"executable = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executable <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"false"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string tx_hash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"tx hash = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> tx_hash <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">poll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove_account_listener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscriptionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> subscriptionId <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">on_account_change</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Result<span class="token operator"><</span>Account<span class="token operator">></span> result<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Account account <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"owner = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"lamports = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"data = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"executable = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executable <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"false"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">poll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove_account_listener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscriptionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubsub_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ws_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ws_url<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscription<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">account_subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>ws_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ws_client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> subscription<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful, listening for events"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>thread<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">spawn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">move</span> <span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Waiting for a message"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">recv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>err<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Connection broke with {:}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
handle<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">join</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ws_client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shutdown</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Errooooor"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> ws_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">account_subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>ws_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">recv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="mendapatkan-tes-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mendapatkan-tes-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mendapatkan Tes SOL</h2><p>Saat anda bekerja secara lokal, anda memerlukan beberapa SOL untuk mengirim transaksi. Di lingkungan non-mainnet anda dapat menerima SOL dengan mengirimkannya ke alamat anda.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lastValidBlockHeight <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lastValidBlockHeight<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ request_airdrop.cpp -o request_airdrop -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string tx_hash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"tx hash = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> tx_hash <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">match</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana airdrop <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token comment"># Return</span>
<span class="token comment"># "1 SOL"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana airdrop <span class="token number">1</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="menggunakan-akun-dan-program-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menggunakan-akun-dan-program-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menggunakan Akun dan Program Mainnet</h2><p>Seringkali, pengujian lokal bergantung pada program dan akun yang hanya tersedia di mainnet. Solana CLI mengizinkan keduanya:</p><ul><li>Mengunduh Program dan Akun</li><li>Memuat Program dan Akun ke validator lokal</li></ul><h3 id="cara-memuat-akun-dari-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-memuat-akun-dari-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara memuat akun dari mainnet</h3><p>Dimungkinkan untuk mengunduh akun mint token SRM ke file:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana account -u <source cluster> --output <output format> --output-file <destination file name/path> <address of account to fetch></span>
solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Memuatnya ke localnet anda kemudian dilakukan dengan meneruskan file akun dan alamat ujuan (pada cluster lokal) saat memulai validator:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana-test-validator --account <address to load the account to> <path to account file> --reset</span>
solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="cara-memuat-program-dari-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-memuat-program-dari-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara memuat program dari mainnet</h3><p>Demikian pula, dimungkinkan untuk mengunduh program Serum Dex v3:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana program dump -u <source cluster> <address of account to fetch> <destination file name/path></span>
solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Memuatnya ke localnet anda kemudian dilakukan dengan meneruskan file program dan alamat tujuan (pada cluster lokal) saat memulai validator:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana-test-validator --bpf-program <address to load the program to> <path to program file> --reset</span>
solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset
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aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/nfts.html#cara-membuat-nft" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara membuat NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara 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router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara Mengetahui Pemilik Sebuah NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara Mengetahui Pemilik Sebuah NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/nfts.html#cara-untuk-mengambil-nft-mint-addresses" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara untuk mengambil NFT Mint Addresses"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara untuk mengambil NFT Mint Addresses <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/nfts.html#candy-machine-v1" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Candy Machine V1"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine V1 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/nfts.html#candy-machine-v2" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Candy Machine V2"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine V2 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/nfts.html#cara-mendapatkan-semua-nft-dari-suatu-wallet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara Mendapatkan Semua NFT dari Suatu Wallet"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara Mendapatkan Semua NFT dari Suatu Wallet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="non-fungible-token-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#non-fungible-token-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Non Fungible Token (NFT)</h1><h2 id="cara-membuat-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-membuat-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara membuat NFT</h2><p>Untuk Membuat Sebuah NFT Kamu Harus:</p><ol><li>Upload gambar ke IPFS seperti Arweave</li><li>Upload metadata json ke IPFS seperti Arweave</li><li>Call metaplex untuk membuat sebuah account untuk NFT</li></ol><h3 id="upload-to-arweave" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#upload-to-arweave" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Upload to Arweave</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> fs <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"fs"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Arweave <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"arweave"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> arweave <span class="token operator">=</span> Arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
host<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"arweave.net"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
port<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">443</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
protocol<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
timeout<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">20000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
logging<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> data<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wallet.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>response<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> imageUrl <span class="token operator">=</span> id <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">https://arweave.net/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>id<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"imageUrl"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token builtin">symbol</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"CNFT"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
description<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seller_fee_basis_points<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">500</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
external_url<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
attributes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
trait_type<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"NFT type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
collection<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Test Collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
family<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
properties<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
files<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
type<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
category<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
creators<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
address<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
share<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
image<span class="token operator">:</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> metadataRequest<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"metadata txid"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> data<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wallet.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>response<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> imageUrl <span class="token operator">=</span> id <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">https://arweave.net/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>id<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> metadataRequest<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arweave_lib <span class="token keyword">import</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> API_URL
<span class="token keyword">import</span> json
<span class="token comment"># Load your arweave wallet</span>
your_ar_wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'wallet.json'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'rb'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> f<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
img_in_bytes <span class="token operator">=</span> f<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Upload image to Arweave</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'image/png'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
image_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token comment"># Define metadata</span>
metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"symbol"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"CNFT"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"seller_fee_basis_points"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">500</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"external_url"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"attributes"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"trait_type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"NFT type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Test Collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"family"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"properties"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"files"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"uri"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> image_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"category"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"maxSupply"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"creators"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"address"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"share"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> image_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment"># Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
meta_transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dumps<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'text/html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
metadata_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata_url<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment"># 1. Load your arweave wallet</span>
your_ar_wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'wallet.json'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># 2. Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'rb'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> f<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
img_in_bytes <span class="token operator">=</span> f<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'image/png'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
image_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token comment"># 3. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
meta_transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dumps<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'text/html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
metadata_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="mint-nft-nya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mint-nft-nya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mint NFT-nya</h3><p>Jika kamu sudah meng-upload gambar dan metadata, kamu bisa mint NFT dengan kode berikut.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> dotenv <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"dotenv"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
dotenv<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process<span class="token punctuation">.</span>env<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">SOLANA_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mintNFTResponse<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Catatan</p><p>Kamu tidak bisa mint sebuah NFT dari creator yang berbeda dari wallet-mu. Jika kamu mengalami creator issues, maka pastikan metadata-mu mendaftarkanmu sebagai creator.</p></div><h2 id="cara-mendapatkan-metadata-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-mendapatkan-metadata-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara Mendapatkan Metadata NFT</h2><p>Metaplex NFTs memiliki metadata yang disimpan di Arweave. Untuk mendapatkan metadata Arweave, kamu harus mendapatkan Metaplex PDA dan decode account data.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findByMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> mintAddress <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
name: 'SMB #139',
symbol: 'SMB',
description: 'SMB is a collection of 5000 randomly generated 24x24 pixels NFTs on the Solana Blockchain. Each SolanaMonkey is unique and comes with different type and attributes varying in rarity.',
seller_fee_basis_points: 600,
image: 'https://arweave.net/tZrNpbFUizSoFnyTqP4n2e1Tf7WvP3siUwFWKMMid_Q',
external_url: 'https://solanamonkey.business/',
collection: { name: 'SMB Gen2', family: 'SMB' },
attributes: [
{ trait_type: 'Attributes Count', value: 2 },
{ trait_type: 'Type', value: 'Solana' },
{ trait_type: 'Clothes', value: 'Orange Shirt' },
{ trait_type: 'Ears', value: 'None' },
{ trait_type: 'Mouth', value: 'None' },
{ trait_type: 'Eyes', value: 'Cool Glasses' },
{ trait_type: 'Hat', value: 'None' }
],
properties: {
files: [ [Object], [Object] ],
category: 'image',
creators: [ [Object] ]
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findByMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> mintAddress <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-mengetahui-pemilik-sebuah-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-mengetahui-pemilik-sebuah-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara Mengetahui Pemilik Sebuah NFT</h2><p>Jika kamu memiliki mint key dari sebuah NFT, kamu bisa mencari pemilik terkini dengan mengintip di token account terbesar untuk mint key tersebut.</p><p>Mengingat bahwa NFTs memiliki 1 supply, dan mereka tidak dapat dibagi, yang artinya suatu token hanya dapat dimiliki oleh satu token account setiap kalinya, sementara itu semua token account lainnya untuk mint key tersebut memiliki saldo 0.</p><p>Ketika token account terbesar sudah diidentifikasi, kita bisa mengambil pemiliknya.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
largestAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parsed<span class="token punctuation">.</span>info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 6ddf6e1d765a193d9cbe146ceeb79ac1cb485ed5f5b37913a8cf5857eff00a9>
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
largestAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parsed<span class="token punctuation">.</span>info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-untuk-mengambil-nft-mint-addresses" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-untuk-mengambil-nft-mint-addresses" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara untuk mengambil NFT Mint Addresses</h2><p>Jika kamu tau public key dari Candy Machine, kamu bisa mendapatkan daftar semua NFT mint addresses yang dihasilkan dari Candy Machine tersebut dengan menggunakan code berikut. Ingat bahwa kita bisa menggunakan filter <code>memcmp</code> karena, di v1, address dari Candy Machine selalu creator pertama.</p><h3 id="candy-machine-v1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#candy-machine-v1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Candy Machine V1</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">9</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="candy-machine-v2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#candy-machine-v2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Candy Machine V2</h3><p>Jika kamu menggunakan Candy Machine v2, maka pertama-tama kamu harus memiliki akses ke “Candy Machine Creator” address yang merupakan suatu PDA simpel yang menggunakan <code>candy_machine</code> dan Candy Machine v2 address sebagai seeds. Ketika kamu sudah dapat creator address, kamu bisa memakainya dengan cara yang sama dengan v1.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">9</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"cndy3Z4yapfJBmL3ShUp5exZKqR3z33thTzeNMm2gRZ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
candyMachine<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"candy_machine"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> candyMachine<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
candyMachine<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"candy_machine"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> candyMachine<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-mendapatkan-semua-nft-dari-suatu-wallet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-mendapatkan-semua-nft-dari-suatu-wallet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara Mendapatkan Semua NFT dari Suatu Wallet</h2><p>Ketika mendapatkan semua NFT dari sebuah wallet, kamu harus mendapatkan semua token account dan kemudian parse mana yang merupakan NFT. Ini bisa dilakukan dengan<a href="https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/js/blob/248b61baf89a69b88f9a461e32b1cbd54a9b0a18/src/programs/metadata/accounts/Metadata.ts#L220-L236" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>findDataByOwner</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dari Metaplex js library.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allNFTs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> owner <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allNFTs<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allNFTs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> owner <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allNFTs<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#bagaimana-cara-mengirim-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara mengirim SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara mengirim SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#bagimana-cara-mengirim-spl-tokens" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagimana cara mengirim SPL-Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagimana cara mengirim SPL-Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-transaksi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#getestimatedfee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="getEstimatedFee"><!--[--><!--]--> getEstimatedFee <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#getfeeformessage" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="getFeeForMessage"><!--[--><!--]--> getFeeForMessage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#bagaimana-menambah-catatan-ke-dalam-sebuah-transaksi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana menambah catatan ke dalam sebuah transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana menambah catatan ke dalam sebuah transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html#bagaimana-cara-merubah-perhitungan-budget-untuk-sebuah-transaksi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara merubah perhitungan budget untuk sebuah transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara merubah perhitungan budget untuk sebuah transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="mengirim-transaksi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mengirim-transaksi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mengirim Transaksi</h1><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mengirim-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mengirim-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mengirim SOL</h2><p>Untuk mengirim SOL, anda perlu berinteraksi dengan <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SystemProgram<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transaction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Transaction
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program <span class="token keyword">import</span> TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transfer
LAMPORT_PER_SOL <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
sender <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
receiver <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
airdrop <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> LAMPORT_PER_SOL<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
airdrop_signature <span class="token operator">=</span> airdrop<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>confirm_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdrop_signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">(</span>TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sender<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">(</span>TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sender<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> frompubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> topubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>to<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_to_send <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Airdropping some Sol to the 'from' account</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Creating the transfer sol instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>topubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Putting the transfer sol instruction into a transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Failed to get latest blockhash."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Sending the transfer sol transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error transferring Sol:, {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagimana-cara-mengirim-spl-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagimana-cara-mengirim-spl-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagimana cara mengirim SPL-Tokens</h2><p>Gunakan <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Token Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> untuk mentransfer SPL Tokens. Untuk dapat mengirimkan sebuah SPL token, anda perlu mengetahui alamat dari SPL token account itu. Anda dapat mendapatkan alamat dan mengirimkan token-token seperti contoh berikut.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createTransferInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Generate a new wallet keypair and airdrop SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromWallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Wait for airdrop confirmation</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fromAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Generate a new wallet to receive newly minted token</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toWallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new token mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">9</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the token account of the fromWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//get the token account of the toWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Minting 1 new token to the "fromTokenAccount" account we just returned/created</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// it's 1 token, but in lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">web3</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
splToken<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
splToken<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> createTransferInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendSPLTokenToAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class="token number">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Transfer <span class="token number">50</span> tokens
Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi
Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks
Signature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class="token number">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Transfer <span class="token number">50</span> tokens
Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi
Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks
Signature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-transaksi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-transaksi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya transaksi</h2><p>Kalkulasi biaya transaksi didapat dari jumlah signatures sebuah transaksi yang diperlukan. Selama anda tidak membuat account, ini akan menjadi biaya final transaksi. Info lebih lanjut tentang biaya untuk membuat sebuah account, dapat dilihat di <a href="/id/references/accounts.html#calculating-rent-exemption" class="">calculating rent exemption</a></p><p>Dua contoh dibawah ini memperlihatkan dua cara yang tersedia saat ini untuk mengkalkulasi estimasi biaya transaksi.</p><p>Contoh pertama menggunakan <code>getEstimatedFee</code>, yang adalah method baru di dalam class <code>Transaction</code>, sedangkan contoh kedua menggunakan <code>getFeeForMessage</code> yang mengganti <code>getFeeCalculatorForBlockhash</code> di dalam <code>Connection</code> class.</p><h3 id="getestimatedfee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#getestimatedfee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> getEstimatedFee</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payee <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getEstimatedFee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getEstimatedFee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="getfeeformessage" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#getfeeformessage" aria-hidden="true">#</a> getFeeForMessage</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payee <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> type <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>Transfer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">alloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>layout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> layoutFields <span class="token operator">=</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> instruction<span class="token operator">:</span> type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>index <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>layout<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>layoutFields<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
accountKeys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
header<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
numReadonlySignedAccounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
numRequiredSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
accounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programIdIndex<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getFeeForMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getFeeForMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-menambah-catatan-ke-dalam-sebuah-transaksi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-menambah-catatan-ke-dalam-sebuah-transaksi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana menambah catatan ke dalam sebuah transaksi</h2><p>Setiap transaksi dapat menambahkan catatan dengan memanfaatkan <a href="https://spl.solana.com/memo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">memo program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Untuk saat ini <code>programID</code> dari <strong>Memo Program</strong> harus ditambahkan mannually <code>MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> --with-memo <span class="token operator"><</span>MEMO<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> --with-memo <span class="token operator"><</span>MEMO<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-merubah-perhitungan-budget-untuk-sebuah-transaksi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-merubah-perhitungan-budget-untuk-sebuah-transaksi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara merubah perhitungan budget untuk sebuah transaksi</h2><p>Perhitungan budget untuk sebuah single transaksi dapat dirubah dengan menambahkan sebuah panggilan instruksi ke Compute Budget Program. Secara default, perhitungan budget diset dari 200k compute units * jumlah instruksi-instruksi, dengan maksimal1.4M compute units. Semakin sedikit perhitungan yang digunakan, semakin kecil biaya transaksi.</p><p><strong>Note</strong>: Untuk merubah perhitungan budget sebuah transaksi, anda harus membuat instruksi pertama dari tiga instruksi pertama sebuah transaksi yang membuat budget.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/anchor"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
units<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000000</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
microLamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Total fee will be 5,001 Lamports for 1M CU</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
units<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000000</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
microLamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief Example Budget Management</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">message<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">compute_budget<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits the program instruction as per the instruction definition</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Increase the Transaction Budget and call normal instruction(s)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Here we send redundant transactions to witness Compute Budget drawdown</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">send_instructions_demo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>
<span class="token comment">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1_000_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> txn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>
<span class="token comment">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1_000_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Program Logs Example:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Log Output</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-txt"><code>[ 1] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]
[ 2] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success
[ 3]
[ 4] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]
[ 5] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/name-service.html#reverse-look-up" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Reverse look up"><!--[--><!--]--> Reverse look up <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/name-service.html#subdomain-look-up" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Subdomain look up"><!--[--><!--]--> Subdomain look up <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/name-service.html#menemukan-semua-domain-name-yang-dimiliki-oleh-suatu-public-key" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menemukan semua domain name yang dimiliki oleh suatu public key"><!--[--><!--]--> Menemukan semua domain name yang dimiliki oleh suatu public key <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/name-service.html#resolve-twitter-handle" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resolve Twitter handle"><!--[--><!--]--> Resolve Twitter handle <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/name-service.html#reverse-look-up-suatu-twitter-handle" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Reverse look up suatu Twitter handle"><!--[--><!--]--> Reverse look up suatu Twitter handle <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="name-service" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#name-service" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Name Service</h1><h2 id="name-registry" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#name-registry" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Name registry</h2><p>Name registry menyimpan informasi tentang domain name. Itu terbuat dari dua hal:</p><ul><li>Header</li><li>Data</li></ul><p>Data untuk suatu domain name selalu diawali oleh header, di bawah ini adalah struktur header dalam JS:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Schema <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">NameRegistryState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> schema<span class="token operator">:</span> Schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parentName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"class"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>class <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>class<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">NameRegistryState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> schema<span class="token operator">:</span> Schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parentName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"class"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>class <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>class<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resolving-sol-domains" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resolving-sol-domains" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resolving SOL domains</h2><p>.SOL domain itu unik, domain name mudah dibaca berubah menjadi publicKeys. Banyak wallet yang menggunakan hal ini sebagai pilihan lain untuk mengirim token atau SOL. Kamu bisa mengubah .SOL domain ke publicKey-nya dengan cara berikut ini:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
getHashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getNameAccountKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"levi.sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>domain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// SOL TLD Authority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nameAccountKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span>registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> domain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"levi.sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>domain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// SOL TLD Authority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nameAccountKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span>registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="reverse-look-up" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#reverse-look-up" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Reverse look up</h2><p>Hal ini dapat digunakan untuk resolve domain name dari public key-nya</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> performReverseLookup <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">performReverseLookup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> domainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// bonfida</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">performReverseLookup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> domainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// bonfida</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="subdomain-look-up" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#subdomain-look-up" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Subdomain look up</h2><p>Untuk resolve suatu subdomain kamu perlu:</p><ol><li>Mendapatkan parent domain key</li><li>Mendapatkan subdomain key</li><li>Mengambil account info</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
getHashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getNameAccountKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getDNSRecordAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Resolution of demo.bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"demo"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedParentDomain<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 2</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 3</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"demo"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedParentDomain<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 2</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 3</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="menemukan-semua-domain-name-yang-dimiliki-oleh-suatu-public-key" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menemukan-semua-domain-name-yang-dimiliki-oleh-suatu-public-key" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menemukan semua domain name yang dimiliki oleh suatu public key</h2><p>Kamu bisa mengambil semua domain name suatu wallet dengan cara melakukan request <code>getProgramAccounts</code>dengan filter<code>memcmp</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
userAccount<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> userAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
userAccount<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> userAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resolve-twitter-handle" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resolve-twitter-handle" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resolve Twitter handle</h2><p>Twitter handle bisa <a href="https://naming.bonfida.org/#/twitter-registration" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">teregistrasi di Solana name service<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dan digunakan seperti .SOL domain names</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getHandleAndRegistryKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>handle<span class="token punctuation">,</span> registryKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>handle<span class="token punctuation">,</span> registryKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="reverse-look-up-suatu-twitter-handle" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#reverse-look-up-suatu-twitter-handle" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Reverse look up suatu Twitter handle</h2><p>Untuk menemukan SOL address yang berkaitan dengan suatu Twitter handle kamu bisa melakukan reverse look up</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getTwitterRegistry <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handle<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handle<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html#sign-transaksi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Sign Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Sign Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html#sign-transaksi-sebagian" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Sign Transaksi Sebagian"><!--[--><!--]--> Sign Transaksi Sebagian <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html#durable-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Durable Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Durable Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html#membuat-akun-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Membuat Akun Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Membuat Akun Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html#mendapatkan-akun-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html#menggunakan-akun-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menggunakan Akun Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Menggunakan Akun Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transaksi-offline" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transaksi-offline" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transaksi Offline</h1><h2 id="sign-transaksi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sign-transaksi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sign Transaksi</h2><p>Untuk membuat suatu transaksi offline, kamu harus sign transaksi tersebut, kemudian siapapun dapat mem-broadcast-nya di network.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab 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data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> nacl <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// to complete a offline transaction, I will seperate them into four steps</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Create Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Recover Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send Transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// create connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// create a example tx, alice transfer to bob and feePayer is `feePayer`</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice and feePayer are signer in this tx</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bob <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Create Transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> bob<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getRecentBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> realDataNeedToSign <span class="token operator">=</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serializeMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// the real data singer need to sign.</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// use any lib you like, the main idea is to use ed25519 to sign it.</span>
<span class="token comment">// the return signature should be 64 bytes.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> feePayerSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> aliceSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Recover Tranasction</span>
<span class="token comment">// you can verify signatures before you recovering the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> verifyFeePayerSignatureResult <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// you should use the raw pubkey (32 bytes) to verify</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">verify feePayer signature: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>verifyFeePayerSignatureResult<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> verifyAliceSignatureResult <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">verify alice signature: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>verifyAliceSignatureResult<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// if this process takes too long, your recent blockhash will expire (after 150 blocks).</span>
<span class="token comment">// you can use `durable nonce` to get rid of it.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="sign-transaksi-sebagian" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sign-transaksi-sebagian" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sign Transaksi Sebagian</h2><p>Ketika suatu transaksi membutuhkan banyak signature, kamu bisa sign sebagian. Kemudian signer yang lain dapat sign dan mem-broadcast-nya ke network.</p><p>Beberapa contoh situasi dimana hal ini berguna:</p><ul><li>Mengirim sebuah SPL token untuk menerima pembayaran</li><li>Sign suatu transaksi sehingga kamu bisa memverifikasi keasliannya</li><li>Call custom program dalam suatu transaksi yang membutuhkan signature-mu</li></ul><p>Dalam contoh ini Bob mengirimkan Alice sebuah SPL token untuk menerima pembayaran:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> base58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/* The transaction:
* - sends 0.01 SOL from Alice to Bob
* - sends 1 token from Bob to Alice
* - is partially signed by Bob, so Alice can approve + send it
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alicePublicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bobKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
base58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Gh9ZwEmdLJ8DscKNTkTqPbNwLNNBjuSzaG9Vp2KGtKJr"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bobTokenAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Alice may not have a token account, so Bob creates one if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> aliceTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Bob pays the fee to create it</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// which token the account is for</span>
alicePublicKey <span class="token comment">// who the token account is for</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the details about the token mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get a recent blockhash to include in the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"finalized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Alice pays the transaction fee</span>
feePayer<span class="token operator">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Transfer 0.01 SOL from Alice -> Bob</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Transfer 1 token from Bob -> Alice</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bobTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// source</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
aliceTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of source account</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount to transfer</span>
tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token comment">// decimals of token</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Partial sign as Bob</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">partialSign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize the transaction and convert to base64 to return it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// We will need Alice to deserialize and sign the transaction</span>
requireAllSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transactionBase64 <span class="token operator">=</span> serializedTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// The caller of this can convert it back to a transaction object:</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. Add an instruction to send the token from Bob to Alice</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bobTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// source</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
aliceTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of source account</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount to transfer</span>
tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token comment">// decimals of token</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Bob partially signs the transaction</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">partialSign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Serialize the transaction without requiring all signatures</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
requireAllSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Alice can deserialize the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="durable-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#durable-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Durable Nonce</h2><p><code>RecentBlockhash</code> adalah sebuah nilai penting dalam suatu transaksi. Transaksi-mu akan gagal jika menggunakan recent blockhash yang sudah expired (melebihi 150 blocks). Kamu bisa menggunakan <code>durable nonce</code> untuk mendapatkan recent blockhash yang tidak akan expired. Untuk memicu mekanisme ini, transaksi-mu harus</p><ol><li>Menggunakan suatu <code>nonce</code> yang tersimpan dalam <code>nonce account</code> sebagai sebuah recent blockhash</li><li>Memasukkan <code>nonce advance</code> operation di instruksi pertama</li></ol><h3 id="membuat-akun-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#membuat-akun-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Membuat Akun Nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">nonce account: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceInitialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account pubkey</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceInitialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account pubkey</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="mendapatkan-akun-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mendapatkan-akun-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mendapatkan Akun Nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">nonce: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">authority: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authorizedPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">fee calculator: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feeCalculator<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> accountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="menggunakan-akun-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menggunakan-akun-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menggunakan Akun Nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceAdvance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nonceAccountAuth
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceAdvance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nonceAccountAuth
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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href="/id/references/token.html#bagaimana-cara-untuk-men-set-authority-pada-akun-akun-token-atau-mints" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara untuk men-set authority pada akun-akun token atau mints"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara untuk men-set authority pada akun-akun token atau mints <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/token.html#bagaimana-cara-untuk-men-approve-delegasi-sebuah-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara untuk men-approve delegasi sebuah token"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara untuk men-approve delegasi sebuah token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/token.html#bagaimana-cara-menarik-kembali-delegasi-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara menarik kembali delegasi token"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara menarik kembali delegasi token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/token.html#bagaimana-cara-mengature-wrapped-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara mengature wrapped SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara mengature wrapped SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/token.html#membuat-akun-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Membuat Akun Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Membuat Akun Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/token.html#menambah-saldo" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menambah Saldo"><!--[--><!--]--> Menambah Saldo <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/references/token.html#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-semua-akun-akun-token-sebagai-pemilik" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara mendapatkan semua akun-akun token sebagai pemilik"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara mendapatkan semua akun-akun token sebagai pemilik <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Token</h1><h2 id="apa-yang-saya-perlukan-untuk-memulai-dengan-spl-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#apa-yang-saya-perlukan-untuk-memulai-dengan-spl-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Apa yang saya perlukan untuk memulai dengan SPL-Tokens?</h2><p>Setiap kali anda berinteraksi dengan tokens di Solana, anda sebenarnya berinteraksi dengan Solana Program Library Token, atau SPL-Token standard. SPL-Token standard mensyaratkan sebuah library spesifik untuk digunakan, yang anda dapat temukan dibawah ini berdasarkan bahasa anda.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>"@solana/spl-token": "^0.2.0"
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-untuk-membuat-sebuah-token-baru" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-untuk-membuat-sebuah-token-baru" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk membuat sebuah Token baru</h2><p>Membuat token-token didapat dengan menciptakan apa yang disebut dengan sebuah "akun mint". Akun mint ini nantinya akan digunakan untuk me-mint token-token ke sebuah akun token dan membuat supply awal.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createInitializeMintInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// conneciton</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create mint account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init mint account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint pubkey</span>
<span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// conneciton</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create mint account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init mint account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint pubkey</span>
<span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-sebuah-token-mint" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-sebuah-token-mint" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mendapatkan sebuah token mint</h2><p>Untuk mendapatkan supply yang berjalan, authority, atau decimals yang dimliki sebuah token, anda perlu mendapatkan account info untuk me-mint token.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getMint <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAccountPublicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mintAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
address: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>
},
mintAuthority: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
},
supply: 0n,
decimals: 8,
isInitialized: true,
freezeAuthority: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> mintAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-akun-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-akun-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah akun token</h2><p>Sebuah akun token diperlukan untuk menampung token-token. Setiap token mint mempunyai sebuah akun token berbeda yang diasosiasikan dengannya.</p><p>Associated Token Accounts secara deterministik membuat akun-akun untuk setiap keypair. ATA adalah method yang direkomendasi untuk mengature akun-akun token.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2SKpuBU9ksneBZD4nqbZkw75NE11HsSHsGRtW2BZh5aQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">ATA: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) composed by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// calculate ATA</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">ATA: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// if your wallet is off-curve, you should use</span>
<span class="token comment">// let ata = await getAssociatedTokenAddress(</span>
<span class="token comment">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice.publicKey // owner</span>
<span class="token comment">// true, // allowOwnerOffCurve</span>
<span class="token comment">// );</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// ata</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
mintPubkey <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) composed by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// ata</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
mintPubkey <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-sebuah-akun-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-sebuah-akun-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mendapatkan sebuah Akun Token</h2><p>Setiap akun token mempunyai informasi di dalam token seperti pemilik, mint, jumlah (saldo), dan decimlas.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getAccount <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
address: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 16aef79dfadb39ffedb3b6f77688b8c162b18bb9cba2ffefe152303629ae3030>
},
mint: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>
},
owner: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
},
amount: 0n,
delegate: null,
delegatedAmount: 0n,
isInitialized: true,
isFrozen: false,
isNative: false,
rentExemptReserve: null,
closeAuthority: null
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-saldo-dari-akun-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-saldo-dari-akun-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mendapatkan saldo dari akun token</h2><p>Akun token memiliki saldo token yang dapat diambil dengan sebuah single call.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAmount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tokenAmount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tokenAmount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAmount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_token_account_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>token_account<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"amount: {}, decimals: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_token_account_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>token_account<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Sebuah akun token hanya dapat menampung satu jenis mint. Ketika anda menspesifikasikan sebuat akun token, anda juga menspesifikasikan mintnya juga.</p></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-untuk-me-mint-token-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-untuk-me-mint-token-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk me-mint token-token</h2><p>Ketika anda me-mint token-token, anda menambah supply dan mentransfer token-token baru ke sebuah akun token spesifik.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createMintToCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintToChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintToChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// if alice is a multisig account</span>
<span class="token comment">// let txhash = await mintToChecked(</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection, // connection</span>
<span class="token comment">// feePayer, // fee payer</span>
<span class="token comment">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>
<span class="token comment">// tokenAccountPubkey, // receiver (should be a token account)</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice.publicKey, // !! mint authority pubkey !!</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1e8, // amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token comment">// 8, // decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...],</span>
<span class="token comment">// );</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + mint authority */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintToChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-token-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-token-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mentransfer token-token</h2><p>Anda dapat mentransfer token-token dari satu akun token ke akun token lainnya.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
transferChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountXPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountYPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">transferChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">transferChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-membakar-token-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-membakar-token-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara membakar token-token</h2><p>Anda dapat membakar token jika anda adalah pemilik dari token tersebut.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
burnChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createBurnCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">burnChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + token authority */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">burnChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-menutup-akun-akun-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-menutup-akun-akun-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara menutup akun-akun token</h2><p>Anda dapat menutup akun token jika anda tidak ingin menggunakannya lagi. Ada dua situasi:</p><ol><li>Wrapped SOL - penutupan mengkonversi Wrapped SOL ke SOL</li><li>Token-token lainnya - Anda dapat menutupnya hanya jika saldo akun adalah 0.</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> closeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createCloseAccountInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">closeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">closeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-untuk-men-set-authority-pada-akun-akun-token-atau-mints" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-untuk-men-set-authority-pada-akun-akun-token-atau-mints" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk men-set authority pada akun-akun token atau mints</h2><p>Anda dapat men-set/men-update authority. Ada 4 jenis:</p><ol><li>MintTokens (mint account)</li><li>FreezeAccount (mint account)</li><li>AccountOwner (token account)</li><li>CloseAccount (token account)</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSetAuthorityInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
setAuthority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> randomGuy <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">random guy: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) for mint account</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.MintTokens</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.FreezeAccount</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) for token account</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.AccountOwner</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.CloseAccount</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">setAuthority</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint account || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current authority</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint acocunt || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current auth</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">feePayer</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">setAuthority</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint account || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current authority</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint acocunt || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current auth</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-untuk-men-approve-delegasi-sebuah-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-untuk-men-approve-delegasi-sebuah-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara untuk men-approve delegasi sebuah token</h2><p>Anda dapat mengatur sebuah delegasi dengan jumlah yang diijinkan. Setelah anda atur, delegasi akan seperti pemilik lainnya dari akun token anda. <code>Sebuah akun token hanya dapat didelegasikan ke satu akun di saat yang bersamaan</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
approveChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createApproveCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> randomGuy <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">approveChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">approveChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-menarik-kembali-delegasi-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-menarik-kembali-delegasi-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara menarik kembali delegasi token</h2><p>Menarik kembali akan men-set delegate ke null dan men-set jumlah delegasi ke 0.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> createRevokeInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> revoke <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DRS5CSgPQp4uvPPcUA34tckfYFNUPNBJi77fVbnSfQHr"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">revoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">revoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mengature-wrapped-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mengature-wrapped-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mengature wrapped SOL</h2><p>Wrapped SOL seperti hanya token mint lainnya. Perbedaannya adalah menggunakan <code>syncNative</code> dan membuat akun-akun token khusus di alamat <code>NATIVE_MINT</code>.</p><h3 id="membuat-akun-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#membuat-akun-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Membuat Akun Token</h3><p>Sperti <a href="#create-token-account">Create Token Account</a> tetapi menganti mint dengan <code>NATIVE_MINT</code></p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="menambah-saldo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menambah-saldo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menambah Saldo</h3><p>Ada dua cara untuk menambah saldo untuk Wrapped SOL</p><h4 id="_1-dengan-sol-transfer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-dengan-sol-transfer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1. Dengan SOL Transfer</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSyncNativeInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to create ATA first</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// trasnfer SOL</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>
<span class="token function">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// trasnfer SOL</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>
<span class="token function">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="_2-dengan-token-transfer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-dengan-token-transfer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2. Dengan Token Transfer</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createInitializeAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createTransferInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
closeAccountInstructionData<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createCloseAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to create ATA first</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> auxAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create token account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// rent + amount</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init token account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// transfer WSOL</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
amount
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// close aux account</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create token account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// rent + amount</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init token account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// transfer WSOL</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// close aux account</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-semua-akun-akun-token-sebagai-pemilik" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-semua-akun-akun-token-sebagai-pemilik" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara mendapatkan semua akun-akun token sebagai pemilik</h2><p>Anda dapat mengambil akun-akun token sebagai pemilik. Ada 2 cara untuk mendapatkannya.</p><ol><li>Mendapatkan semua akun token</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
response<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">owner: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"decimals"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"amount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"===================="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>Filter Dengan Mint</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"54dQ8cfHsW1YfKYpmdVZhWpb9iSi6Pac82Nf7sg3bVb"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
response<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">owner: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"decimals"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"amount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"===================="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#unduh-web3-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Unduh Web3.js"><!--[--><!--]--> Unduh Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#web3-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Web3.js"><!--[--><!--]--> Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#spl-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="SPL-Token"><!--[--><!--]--> SPL-Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#wallet-adapter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Wallet-Adapter"><!--[--><!--]--> Wallet-Adapter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#install-rust" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Install Rust"><!--[--><!--]--> Install Rust <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#install-cli" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Install CLI"><!--[--><!--]--> Install CLI <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#macos-linux" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="macOS & Linux"><!--[--><!--]--> macOS & Linux <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#windows" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Windows"><!--[--><!--]--> Windows <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/getting-started/installation.html#membangun-dari-source" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Membangun dari Source"><!--[--><!--]--> Membangun dari Source <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h2 id="unduh-web3-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#unduh-web3-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Unduh Web3.js</h2><p>Ada beberapa libraries yang bisa anda gunakan, dimulai dengan javascript atau typescript di Solana. <br></p><h3 id="web3-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#web3-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Web3.js</h3><p><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>@solana/web3.js</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> adalah library yang mempunyai banyak fungsi dasar di Solana untuk interaksi, mengirim transaksi, dan membaca dari blockchain.</p><p>Anda bisa melakukan instalasi library ini dengan cara berikut :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token comment"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id="spl-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#spl-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> SPL-Token</h3><p><code>@solana/spl-token</code> adalah sebuah library yang didalamnya terdapat banyak javascript/typescript yang diperlukan untuk berinteraksi dengan token SPL.<br> Anda bisa menggunakan library ini untuk mint token SPL baru, mentransfer token, dan banyak hal lainnya.</p><p>Anda bisa menginstal library ini dengan cara berikut:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/spl-token
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/spl-token
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token comment"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id="wallet-adapter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#wallet-adapter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Wallet-Adapter</h3><p>Berikut ini adalah koleksi dari berbagai library yang bisa membantu untuk bootstrap koneksi wallet di dalam Solana yang disebut dengan wallet-adapter.<br> Saat ini paket library ini bisa digunakan di dalam Svelte, Angular, Vue.js, dan React. Wallet-adapter bisa mempercepat integerasi dApp dengan wallet-wallet anda dengan lebih cepat seperti <a href="https://phantom.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Phantom<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, <a href="https://solflare.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solflare<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, dan banyak lagi.</p><p>Anda bisa menginstall library ini dengan cara berikut :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
@solana/wallet-adapter-base
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
@solana/wallet-adapter-base
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="install-rust" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#install-rust" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Install Rust</h2><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">MACOS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">LINUX</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> --proto <span class="token string">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> --proto <span class="token string">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Untuk versi Windows, silahkan kunjungi link berikut <a href="https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rust installation site<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h2 id="install-cli" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#install-cli" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Install CLI</h2><h3 id="macos-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#macos-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> macOS & Linux</h3><p>Buka aplikasi terminal favorit anda.</p><p>Ganti <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> dengan versi yang anda inginkan dan unduh <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">rilis Solana terbaru<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> di aplikasi terminal dengan menjalankan cara berikut:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">sh</span> -c <span class="token string">"<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span><span class="token function">curl</span> -sSfL https://release.solana.com/LATEST_RELEASE/install<span class="token variable">)</span></span>"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Anda bisa mengganti <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> dengan pencocokan tag rilis versi perangkat lunak dari rilis yang anda inginkan, atau gunakan satu dari tiga simbolis nama saluran : <code>stable</code>, <code>beta</code>, or <code>edge</code>. Untuk menemukan rilis terbaru, periksa versi yang tersedia <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">di sini<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Berikut adalah hasil yang keluar menunjukan jika pembaharuan berhasil:</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>downloading LATEST_RELEASE installer
Configuration: /home/solana/.config/solana/install/config.yml
Active release directory: /home/solana/.local/share/solana/install/active_release
* Release version: LATEST_RELEASE
* Release URL: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/download/LATEST_RELEASE/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
Update successful
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>Tergantung dari sistem operasi anda, pesan akhir dari sebuah proses instalasi akan meminta anda untuk</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>Please update your <span class="token environment constant">PATH</span> environment variable to include the solana programs:
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Jika kamu mendapat pesan diatas, kamu bisa salin dan tempel perintah yang diarankan di bawah ini untuk memperbarui 'PATH'.</p><p>Konfirmasikan bahwa anda telah menginstal versi 'Solana' yang diinginkan dengan menjalankan :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Setelah instalasi berhasil, <code>solana-install update</code> bisa digunakan untuk memperbarui perangkat lunak Solana ke versi yang lebih baru kapan saja.</p><h4 id="mengunduh-binaries-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mengunduh-binaries-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mengunduh Binaries (Linux)</h4><p>Cara alternatif lainnya, anda bisa mengunduh dari binari alih-alih menggunakan Solana-Install.</p><p>Unduh binaries melalui arahan di link berikut <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, unduh <strong>solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>, lalu ekstrak yang diarsipkan:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h4 id="mengunduh-binaries-macos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mengunduh-binaries-macos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mengunduh Binaries (macOS)</h4><p>Alternatif lain, anda bisa mengunduh dari binari alih-alih menggunakan Solana-Install.</p><p>Unduh binaries melalui arahan di link berikut <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, unduh <strong>solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2</strong>, lalu ekstrak yang diarsipkan:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><hr><h3 id="windows" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#windows" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Windows</h3><p>Buka Command Prompt (<code>cmd.exe</code>) sebagai Administrator.</p><p>Cari command prompt di bar pencarian windows. Ketika aplikasi command prompt muncul, klik kanan pada mouse dan pilih "Buka sebagai Administrator" Jika anda diminta oleh muncul jendela pertanyaan "Apakah kamu ingin mengizinkan aplikasi ini untuk membuat perubahan pada perangkat anda?", click "Yes".</p><p>Salin dan tempel perintah berikut, lalu tekan enter untuk mengunduh Solana installer ke direktori sementara:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> https://release.solana.com/v1.9.16/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe --output C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-init.exe --create-dirs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Jika <code>v1.9.16</code> bukan versi yang anda inginkan, cari versi terbaru <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">here<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Salin dan tempel perintah berikut, lalu tekan enter untuk mengunduh versi terbaru dari Solana. Jika kamu melihat jendela security dari sistem anda, tolong pilih untuk mengizinkan agar program bisa berjalan.</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-init.exe v1.9.16
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Untuk menemukan versi terbaru, Anda bisa cek versi yang ada <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">here<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Ketika instalasi telah berhasil, tekan enter.</p><p>Keluar dari command prompt window dan buka lagi command prompt window yang baru sebagai pengguna normal.</p><p>Cari command prompt di search bar window, lalu klik kiri pada aplikasi command prompt ikon (tidak diperlukan untuk menjalankan ini sebagai administrator).</p><p>Konfirmasi bahwa anda telah memiliki versi <code>solana</code> yang diunduh telah sesuai dengan yang diinginkan dengan memasukan :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Setelah instalasi berhasil, <code>solana-install update</code> bisa digunakan dengan mudah untuk memperbarui perangkat lunak Solana ke versi yang lebih baru kapan saja.</p><h4 id="mengunduh-binaries" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mengunduh-binaries" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mengunduh Binaries</h4><p>Alternatif lain, kamu bisa menginstal dari binari alih-alih menggunakan solana-install.</p><p>Unduh binari dengan mengikuti navigasi berikut <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, unduh <strong>solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>, lalu ekstrak arsip menggunakan WinZip atau aplikasi serupa.</p><p>Buka command prompt dan arahkan ke direktori dimana anda mengekstrak binari dan jalankan:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span>%cd%/bin<span class="token punctuation">;</span>%<span class="token environment constant">PATH</span>%
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="membangun-dari-source" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#membangun-dari-source" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Membangun dari Source</h3><p>Jika anda tidak bisa menggunakan binari yang dibangun sebelumnya atau lebih memilih untuk membangun sendiri dari source code, bisa anda lihat di link berikut <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, dan unduh arsip <strong>Source Code</strong>. Extrak kode dan bangun binari dengan :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>./scripts/cargo-install-all.sh <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>Kemudian Anda bisa menjalankan perintah berikut untuk mendapatkan hasil yang sama seperti dengan binari bawaan:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-install init
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aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#persiapan-untuk-borsh-serialization" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Persiapan untuk Borsh Serialization"><!--[--><!--]--> Persiapan untuk Borsh Serialization <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#cara-serialize-data-instruksi-pada-klien" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara serialize data instruksi pada klien"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara serialize data instruksi pada klien <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#cara-deserialisasi-data-instruksi-pada-program" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara deserialisasi data instruksi pada program"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara deserialisasi data instruksi pada program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#cara-serialisasi-data-akun-pada-program" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara serialisasi data akun pada program"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara serialisasi data akun pada program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#pack" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pack"><!--[--><!--]--> Pack <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#serialisasi-deserialisasi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi/Deserialisasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi/Deserialisasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#penggunaan" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Penggunaan"><!--[--><!--]--> Penggunaan <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#cara-deserialisasi-data-akun-pada-klien" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cara deserialisasi data akun pada klien"><!--[--><!--]--> Cara deserialisasi data akun pada klien <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#pemetaan-solana-ts-js-umum" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pemetaan Solana TS/JS Umum"><!--[--><!--]--> Pemetaan Solana TS/JS Umum <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#metode-lanjutan" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Metode Lanjutan"><!--[--><!--]--> Metode Lanjutan <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#coption" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="COption"><!--[--><!--]--> COption <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/serialization.html#resource" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resource"><!--[--><!--]--> Resource <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="serialisasi-data" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#serialisasi-data" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Serialisasi Data</h1><p>Ketika kita berbicara tentang serialisasi, yang kita maksud adalah serialisasi data dan juga deserialisasi data.</p><p>Serialisasi berperan di beberapa titik sepanjang lifecycle akun program dan program Solana:</p><ol><li>Serialisasi data instruksi ke klien</li><li>Deserialisasi data instruksi pada program</li><li>Serialisasi data Akun pada program</li><li>Deserialisasi Data Akun pada klien</li></ol><p>Penting bahwa semua tindakan di atas didukung oleh pendekatan serialisasi yang sama. Snippet yang dimasukkan disini mendemonstrasikan serialisasi menggunakan <a href="#resources">Borsh</a>.</p><p>Contoh dalam sisa dokumen ini adalah kutipan yang diambil dari <a href="#resources">Template Program CLI Solana</a></p><h2 id="persiapan-untuk-borsh-serialization" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#persiapan-untuk-borsh-serialization" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Persiapan untuk Borsh Serialization</h2><p>Library untuk Borsh harus disiapkan dalam program Rust, klien Rust, Node dan/atau klien Python.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Program</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Node Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-toml"><code><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"solana-cli-template-program-bpf"</span>
<span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
<span class="token key property">license</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"WTFPL"</span>
<span class="token comment"># See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">features</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">no-entrypoint</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">borsh</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.9.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-derive</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.3"</span>
<span class="token key property">num_enum</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.5.1"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-integer</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.44"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-traits</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">sol-template-shared</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"../shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-program</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">thiserror</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.0"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dev-dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-program-test</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-sdk</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">lib</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">crate-type</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"cdylib"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"lib"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-toml"><code><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"cli-program-template"</span>
<span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.5"</span>
<span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
<span class="token key property">license</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"WTFPL"</span>
<span class="token key property">publish</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">borsh</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.9.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">clap</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2.33.3"</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">serde</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.0.125"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key property">features</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"derive"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">serde_yaml</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.8.17"</span>
<span class="token key property">sol-template-shared</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-clap-utils</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-cli-config</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-client</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-logger</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-remote-wallet</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-sdk</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">tokio</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key property">features</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"full"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">workspace</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">members</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"program"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dev-dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-validator</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-streamer</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-json ext-json line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-json"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"name"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"ts-program-template"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"version"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"description"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Sample TS App"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"main"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"client/nmain.ts"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"author"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"keywords"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"workspace"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"client/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"repository"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"type"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"git"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"url"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"homepage"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"scripts"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"test:all"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"npm run build:client && npm run test:client"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"build:client"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"rm -rf ./.dist/client && tsc "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"start"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"node ./node_modules/.bin/mocha .dist/client/main.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"test:client"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"npm run start"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"lint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"eslint --ext .ts client/* && prettier --check \"client/**/*.ts\""</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"lint:fix"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"eslint --ext .ts client/* --fix"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"pretty"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"prettier --write '{,client/**/}*.ts'"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"devDependencies"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"@tsconfig/recommended"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/chai"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.3.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/eslint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^7.28.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^3.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/mkdirp"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/mocha"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^9.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^2.4.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.6.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@typescript-eslint/parser"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.6.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"chai"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.3.4"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^8.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-config-google"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.14.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-config-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^8.3.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"html-webpack-plugin"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.5.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"mocha"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^9.1.3"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^2.4.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"start-server-and-test"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.14.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"ts-node"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^10.4.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"typescript"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.5.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"dependencies"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.31.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"borsh"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.7.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"env"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.0.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"fs"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.0.1-security"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"mkdirp"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.4"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"npm-check-updates"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^12.0.3"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"sync-request"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^6.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"update"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.4.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-txt"><code>borsh-construct==0.1.0
solana==0.20.0
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-serialize-data-instruksi-pada-klien" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-serialize-data-instruksi-pada-klien" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara serialize data instruksi pada klien</h2><img src="/assets/ser1.ceec0bad.png" alt="Serialize Data Instruksi"><p>Jika Anda membuat serialisasi data instruksi yang keluar untuk dikirim ke suatu program, itu harus mencerminkan bagaimana program melakukan deserialisasi data instruksi yang masuk.</p><p>Dalam template ini, blok data instruksi adalah array serial yang berisi, dengan contoh:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruksi (Variant index)</th><th>Serialized Key</th><th>Serialized Value</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Initialize (0)</td><td>tidak berlaku untuk instruksi</td><td>tidak berlaku untuk instruksi</td></tr><tr><td>Mint (1)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>"bar"</td></tr><tr><td>Transfer (2)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>tidak berlaku untuk instruksi</td></tr><tr><td>Burn (2)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>tidak berlaku untuk instruksi</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Dalam contoh berikut, kita menganggap akun milik program telah diinisialisasi</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Include borsh functionality</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get Solana</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>
<span class="token comment">// to the object instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> properties<span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our instruction payload vocabulary</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Borsh needs a schema describing the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payloadSchema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
Payload<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"key"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction variant indexes</span>
<span class="token keyword">enum</span> InstructionVariant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
InitializeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
MintKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransferKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
BurnKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Mint a key value pair to account
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Connection<span class="token punctuation">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> progId - Sample Program public key
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> account - Target program owned account for Mint
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Keypair<span class="token punctuation">}</span> wallet - Wallet for signing and payment
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>string<span class="token punctuation">}</span> mintKey - The key being minted key
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>string<span class="token punctuation">}</span> mintValue - The value being minted
* <span class="token keyword">@return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Promise<Keypair><span class="token punctuation">}</span> - Keypair
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">mintKV</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
progId<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintKey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintValue<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
id<span class="token operator">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token operator">:</span> mintKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 'ts key'</span>
value<span class="token operator">:</span> mintValue<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 'ts first value'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintSerBuf <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payloadSchema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// console.log(mintSerBuf)</span>
<span class="token comment">// => <Buffer 01 06 00 00 00 74 73 20 6b 65 79 0e 00 00 00 74 73 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 76 61 6c 75 65></span>
<span class="token comment">// let mintPayloadCopy = deserialize(schema, Payload, mintSerBuf)</span>
<span class="token comment">// console.log(mintPayloadCopy)</span>
<span class="token comment">// => Payload { id: 1, key: 'ts key', value: 'ts first value' }</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create Solana Instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> mintSerBuf<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> progId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Send Solana Transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transactionSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
commitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"singleGossip"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
preflightCommitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"singleGossip"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Signature = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> transactionSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> transactionSignature<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U8
<span class="token keyword">from</span> enum <span class="token keyword">import</span> IntEnum
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transaction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Transaction
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>instruction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AccountMeta
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>responses <span class="token keyword">import</span> SendTransactionResp
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token comment"># Instruction variants for target program</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">InstructionVariant</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>IntEnum<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
INITIALIZE <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>
MINT <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
TRANSFER <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
BURN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token comment"># Schema for sending instructionVariants to on-chain sample program</span>
payload_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"id"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"key"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"value"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">construct_payload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Generate a serialized instructionVariant"""</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> payload_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>build<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> instruction_variant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"key"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> value<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">mint_kv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_kp<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token operator">></span> SendTransactionResp<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Mint with a key/value pair to an account"""</span>
<span class="token comment"># Construct the program payload for Mint invariant</span>
payload_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> construct_payload<span class="token punctuation">(</span>InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MINT<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># print(payload_ser)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => b'\x01\n\x00\x00\x00python key\x0c\x00\x00\x00python value'</span>
<span class="token comment"># mint_payload_copy = payload_schema.parse(payload_ser)</span>
<span class="token comment"># print(mint_payload_copy)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => initialized = 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => key = u'python key' (total 10)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => value = u'python value' (total 12)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Construct the transaction with instructionVariant</span>
txn <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Instruction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>AccountMeta<span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token operator">=</span>program_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>payload_ser
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet_kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': '4ZdpWNdovdVaLextWSiqEBWp67k9rNTTUaX3qviHDXWY9c98bVtaRt5sasPhYzMVXHqhex78gzNKytcBnVH5CSTZ', 'id': 2}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>
<span class="token comment">/// Instruction payload gets serialized</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Payload</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Perform a mint transaction consisting of a key/value pair</span>
<span class="token comment">/// See submit_transaction below</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">mint_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_instruction_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup the payload. `mint_instruction_id` is instruction variant index = 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token operator"><</span>`_<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_instruction_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_value<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits the program instruction as per the</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction definition</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _fee_calculator<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner_and_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-deserialisasi-data-instruksi-pada-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-deserialisasi-data-instruksi-pada-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara deserialisasi data instruksi pada program</h2><img src="/assets/ser2.38d4ca5b.png" alt="Deserialize Instruction Data"><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintToAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Generic Payload Deserialization</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Payload</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
arg1<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
arg2<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>variant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MintToAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">6</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DeserializationFailure</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-serialisasi-data-akun-pada-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-serialisasi-data-akun-pada-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara serialisasi data akun pada program</h2><img src="/assets/ser3.7cdd43c8.png" alt="Account Data Serialization"><p>Blok data akun program (dari contoh repo) ditata sebagai</p><table><thead><tr><th>Byte 0</th><th>Byte 1-4</th><th>Sisa Byte hingga 1019</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Initlialized flag</td><td>panjang dari BTreeMap yang telah di serialize</td><td>BTreeMap (tempat key value pair disimpan)</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="pack" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pack" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pack</h3><p>Sepatah kata tentang sifat <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/22a18a68e3ee68ae013d647e62e12128433d7230/sdk/program/src/program_pack.rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pack<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>Sifat dari Pack memudahkan untuk menyembunyikan detail akan serialisasi/deserialisasi data akun dari pemrosesan instruksi Program inti Anda. Jadi daripada meletakkan semua serialisasi/deserialisasi masuk ke kode pemrosesan program, Pack melakukan encapsulate detilnya di dalam (3) fungsi:</p><ol><li><code>unpack_unchecked</code> - Memungkinkan Anda untuk deserialize akun tanpa memeriksa apakah akun telah diinisialisasi. Ini berguna ketika Anda sedang memproses Initialization Function (indeks varian 0)</li><li><code>unpack</code> - Memanggil implementasi Pack Anda yaitu <code>unpack_from_slice</code> dan memeriksa apakah akun telah diinisialisasi.</li><li><code>pack</code> - Memanggil implementasi Pack Anda yaitu <code>pack_into_slice</code></li></ol><p>Berikut adalah implementasi sifat Pack untuk program sampel kita. Ini diikuti dengan yang pengolahan data akun yang sebenarnya menggunakan borsh.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains global accumulator</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Returns indicator if this account has been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Adds a new key/value pair to the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">KeyAlreadyExists</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Removes a key from account and returns the keys value</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">KeyNotFoundInAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Pack expects the implementation to satisfy whether the</span>
<span class="token comment">// account is initialzed.</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> btree_map<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> btree_map<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="serialisasi-deserialisasi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#serialisasi-deserialisasi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Serialisasi/Deserialisasi</h3><p>Untuk menyelesaikan serialisasi dan deserialisasi:</p><ol><li><code>sol_template_shared::pack_into_slice</code> - Di mana serialisasi sebenarnya terjadi</li><li><code>sol_template_shared::unpack_from_slice</code> - Di mana deserialisasi sebenarnya terjadi</li></ol><p><strong>Perhatikan</strong> bahwa berikut ini kita memiliki partisi <code>u32</code> (4 byte) dalam layout data untuk <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> sebelum <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code>. Ini karena borsh, selama deserialisasi, memeriksa apakah panjang slice yang Anda deserialize sesuai dengan jumlah data yang dibacanya sebelum melakukan rekombinasi objek penerima. Pendekatan yang ditunjukkan di bawah ini pertama-tama membaca <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> untuk mendapatkan ukuran <code>slice</code> dari pointer <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_memory<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>sol_memcpy<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialization flag size for account state</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Storage for the serialized size of the BTreeMap control</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Storage for the serialized BTreeMap container</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1019</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sum of all account state lengths</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Packs the initialized flag and data content into destination slice</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dst <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_mut_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">mut_array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Set the initialized flag</span>
is_initialized_dst<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> is_initialized <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Store the core data length and serialized content</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keyval_store_data <span class="token operator">=</span> btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> keyval_store_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data_len_dst<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">copy_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_len <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sol_memcpy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>keyval_store_data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">panic!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpacks the data from slice and return the initialized flag and data content</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> src <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"unrecognized initialization flag \"{:?}\". in account"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_initialized_src
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get current size of content in data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// If emptry, create a default</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_dser <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>data_src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>data_len<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="penggunaan" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#penggunaan" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Penggunaan</h3><p>Contoh berikut menggabungkan semuanya dan menunjukkan bagaimana program berinteraksi dengan <code>ProgramAccountState</code> yang merangkum initialization flag serta <code>BTreeMap</code> yang menjadi dasar untuk key/value pair kita.</p><p>Pertama ketika kita ingin menginisialisasi akun baru:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Initialize a new program account, which is the first in AccountInfo array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Here we use unpack_unchecked as we have yet to initialize</span>
<span class="token comment">// Had we tried to use unpack it would fail because, well, chicken and egg</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// We double check that we haven't already initialized this accounts data</span>
<span class="token comment">// more than once. If we are good, we set the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Finally, we store back to the accounts space</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Sekarang kita dapat mengoperasikan instruksi kita yang lain seperti yang ditunjukkan berikut merupakan proses minting key/value pair yang kita demonstrasikan di atas saat mengirim instruksi dari klien:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Mint a key/pair to the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">mint_keypair_to_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint to account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpacking an uninitialized account state will fail</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add the key value pair to the underlying BTreeMap</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Finally, serialize back to the accounts data</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="cara-deserialisasi-data-akun-pada-klien" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cara-deserialisasi-data-akun-pada-klien" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cara deserialisasi data akun pada klien</h2><p>Klien dapat memanggil Solana untuk mengambil akun milik program, di mana serialisasi data blok adalah bagian dari data yang diambil. Deserialisasi membutuhkan pengetahuan akan layout dari blok data.</p><p>Layout dari akun data akun dijelaskan <a href="#akun-data-serialisasi">Di Sini</a></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
AccountMeta<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>
<span class="token comment">// to the object instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> properties<span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">AccoundData</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dataSchema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
AccoundData<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tree_length"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Fetch program account data
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Connection<span class="token punctuation">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> account - Public key for account whose data we want
* <span class="token keyword">@return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Promise<AccoundData><span class="token punctuation">}</span> - Keypair
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">getAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>AccoundData<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nameAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dataSchema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AccoundData<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nameAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>commitment <span class="token keyword">import</span> Confirmed
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token comment"># Schema to deserialize program's account data</span>
account_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"initialized"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"map_length"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"map"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">get_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Fetch account information from RPC, parse out the data and deserialize"""</span>
res <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_account_info<span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Confirmed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'base64'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> account_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>res<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Results in or similar</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => initialized = 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => map_length = 109</span>
<span class="token comment"># => map = {'Happy': 'New Year!', 'newKey': 'A new value',</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 'python key': 'python value', 'ts key': 'ts first value'}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> src <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"unrecognized initialization flag \"{:?}\". in account"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_initialized_src
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get current size of content in data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// If emptry, create a default</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_dser <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>data_src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>data_len<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="pemetaan-solana-ts-js-umum" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pemetaan-solana-ts-js-umum" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pemetaan Solana TS/JS Umum</h2><p><a href="#resources">Spesifikasi Borsh</a> berisi sebagian besar pemetaan untuk tipe data yang primitive dan compound.</p><p>Kunci untuk TS/JS dan Python adalah membuat Skema Borsh dengan definisi yang tepat sehingga serialisasi dan deserialize dapat menghasilkan atau menjalankan input masing-masing yang bersesuaian.</p><p>Di sini kita mendemonstrasikan serialisasi dari tipe data primitive (angka, string) dan compound (array berukuran tetap, Map) pertama di TypeScript, lalu di Python dan kemudian deserialisasi yang ekuivalen di sisi Rust:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token hashbang comment">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> expect <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"chai"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Struct <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Primitive extends the Struct type from Solana Library
* for convenience of dynamic property setting
* <span class="token keyword">@extends</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Struct<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Solana JS Struct class
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Entry point for script *
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Emulate BTreeMap</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"cookbook"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"ingredient"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a Primitive for all basic and a few</span>
<span class="token comment">// compound types</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">U8</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">U16</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">65535</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">U32</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4294967295</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">FIXED_STRING_ARRAY</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"hello"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"world"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">FIXED_U8_ARRAY</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MAP_STRING_STRING</span><span class="token operator">:</span> map<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Define our schema</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
Primitive<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U8"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U16"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u16"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U32"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Value = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize then deserialize</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dser <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>schema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> newValue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>schema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Primitive<span class="token punctuation">,</span> dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Viola!</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"New value = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Fixed string array = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Fixed u8 array = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Map = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U16<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> HashMap
<span class="token comment"># Schema to deserialize various types</span>
primitive_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"U8"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"U16"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U16<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"U32"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">common</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
mapping <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"cookbook"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ingredient"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment"># Serialize</span>
dser <span class="token operator">=</span> primitive_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>build<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">'U8'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">'U16'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">65535</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">'U32'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">4294967295</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'hello'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'world'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> mapping<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => b'\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x05\x00\x00\x00hello\x05\x00\x00\x00world\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x02\x00\x00\x00\x08\x00\x00\x00cookbook\x06\x00\x00\x00recipe\x06\x00\x00\x00recipe\n\x00\x00\x00ingredient'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Deserialize</span>
new_value <span class="token operator">=</span> primitive_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Viola</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U8 = 255</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U16 = 65535</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U32 = 4294967295</span>
<span class="token comment"># => FIXED_STRING_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => hello</span>
<span class="token comment"># => world</span>
<span class="token comment"># => FIXED_U8_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 2</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 3</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 4</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 5</span>
<span class="token comment"># => MAP_STRING_STRING = {'cookbook': 'recipe', 'recipe': 'ingredient'}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">primitives</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> prim <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">255u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">104</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">119</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">107</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">107</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">112</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">112</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">110</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">103</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">110</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">116</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">u16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>prim<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> x<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="metode-lanjutan" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#metode-lanjutan" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Metode Lanjutan</h2><p>Kita telah menunjukkan cara membuat Payload sederhana dalam contoh sebelumnya. Kadang-kadang Solana melempar <em>fastball</em> pada tipe tertentu. Bagian ini akan menunjukkan pemetaan yang tepat antara TS/JS dan Rust untuk menanganinya</p><h3 id="coption" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#coption" aria-hidden="true">#</a> COption</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token hashbang comment">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Struct <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* COption is meant to mirror the
* `solana_program::options::COption`
*
* This type stores a u32 flag (0 | 1) indicating
* the presence or not of a underlying PublicKey
*
* Similar to a Rust Option
* <span class="token keyword">@extends</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Struct<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Solana JS Struct class
* <span class="token keyword">@implements</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>encode<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Creates a COption from a PublicKey
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey?<span class="token punctuation">}</span> akey
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>akey<span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>akey <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noneOrSome<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubKeyBuffer<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noneOrSome<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubKeyBuffer<span class="token operator">:</span> akey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Serialized COption (this)
*/</span>
<span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Safe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption object
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Unsafe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption object
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">decodeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Defines the layout of the COption object
* for serializing/deserializing
* <span class="token keyword">@type</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Map<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
COption<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Entry point for script *
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// If we get a PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct COption instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Testing COption with "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> indata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> copt_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"copt_ser "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Deserialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tdone <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Validate contains PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pubkey: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Output:
Testing COption with A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU
copt_ser Buffer(36) [1, 0, 0, 0, 135, 202, 71, 214, 68, 105, 98, 176, 211, 130, 105, 2, 55, 187, 86, 186, 109, 176, 80, 208, 77, 100, 221, 101, 20, 203, 149, 166, 96, 171, 119, 35, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 1064, length: 36]
COption {noneOrSome: 1, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32)}
pubkey: A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Testing COption with null"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct COption instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> copt_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Deserialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tdone1 <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Validate does NOT contains PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone1<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token function">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Expected no public key"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pubkey: null"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Output:
Testing COption with null
Buffer(36)[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 2272, length: 36]
COption { noneOrSome: 0, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32) }
pubkey: null
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Test with PublicKey</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Test without PublicKey</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br><span class="line-number">120</span><br><span class="line-number">121</span><br><span class="line-number">122</span><br><span class="line-number">123</span><br><span class="line-number">124</span><br><span class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br><span class="line-number">138</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">program_option<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Emulate how COption is 'unpacked'</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">deser_option</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Map the data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">36</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>base<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ain<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the SOME or NONE u32</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nos <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>base<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct the COption accordingly</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> opt<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> nos <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">None</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_from_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
opt
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">btest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// From Typescript with borsh'ing</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> copt <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">71</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">214</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">211</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">130</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">55</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">187</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">86</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">208</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">77</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">221</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">203</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">166</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">171</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">119</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Emulate COption deserialization</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">deser_option</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>copt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Uh-oh"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// As a Borsh Struct</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">TOption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> toption <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TOption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>copt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_from_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>toption<span class="token number">.1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Some = {:?} Pubkey = {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> toption<span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resource" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resource" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resource</h2><ul><li><a href="https://borsh.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spesifikasi Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rust Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TS/JS Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-construct-py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Python Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://near.github.io/borsh-construct-py/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dokumentasi Python Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Template Program CLI Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<meta name="title" content="Buku Panduan Solana | Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><meta name="og:title" content="Buku Panduan Solana | Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><meta name="description" content="Fitur bervariasi berdasarkan cluster Solana. Pengujian fitur untuk memastikan hasil yang dapat diprediksi."><meta name="og:description" content="Fitur bervariasi berdasarkan cluster Solana. Pengujian fitur untuk memastikan hasil yang dapat diprediksi."><meta name="og:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="og:image:alt" content="Solana splash card"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@solanacookbook"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,noodp"><meta name="googlebot" content="index,follow"><link rel="icon" href="/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg"><script data-domain="solanacookbook.com" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script><title>Pengujian Paritas Fitur | Buku Panduan Solana</title>
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aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#fakta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fakta"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#skenario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Skenario"><!--[--><!--]--> Skenario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#status-fitur" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Status Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Status Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#uji-paritas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Uji Paritas"><!--[--><!--]--> Uji Paritas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#demonstrasi-sederhana" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Demonstrasi Sederhana"><!--[--><!--]--> Demonstrasi Sederhana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#semua-fitur-diaktifkan" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Semua fitur diaktifkan"><!--[--><!--]--> Semua fitur diaktifkan <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#fitur-selektif-dinonaktifkan" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fitur selektif dinonaktifkan"><!--[--><!--]--> Fitur selektif dinonaktifkan <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#uji-paritas-penuh" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Uji Paritas Penuh"><!--[--><!--]--> Uji Paritas Penuh <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#uji-paritas-penuh-secara-terprogram" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Uji Paritas Penuh Secara Terprogram"><!--[--><!--]--> Uji Paritas Penuh Secara Terprogram <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="pengujian-paritas-fitur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pengujian-paritas-fitur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pengujian Paritas Fitur</h1><p>Saat menguji program Anda, jaminan bahwa program akan berjalan sama di berbagai cluster sangatlah penting untuk kualitas dan menghasilkan hasil yang diharapkan.</p><h2 id="fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Lembar Fakta</p><ul><li>Fitur adalah kemampuan yang diperkenalkan ke validator Solana dan memerlukan aktivasi untuk digunakan.</li><li>Fitur dapat diaktifkan di satu cluster (misalnya testnet) tetapi tidak di cluster lain (misalnya mainnet-beta).</li><li>Namun; saat menjalankan <code>solana-test-validator</code> default secara lokal, semua fitur yang tersedia di Solana versi Anda diaktifkan secara otomatis. Hasilnya adalah ketika menguji secara lokal, kemampuan dan hasil dari pengujian Anda mungkin tidak sama saat menerapkan dan menjalankan di cluster yang berbeda!</li></ul></div><h2 id="skenario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#skenario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Skenario</h2><p>Asumsikan Anda memiliki Transaksi yang berisi tiga (3) instruksi dan setiap instruksi mengkonsumsi kira-kira 100_000 Compute Unit (CU). Saat menjalankan dalam versi Solana 1.8.x, Anda akan mengamati konsumsi CU instruksi Anda mirip dengan:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruksi</th><th>Mulai CU</th><th>Eksekusi</th><th>Sisa CU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Di Solana 1.9.2 fitur yang disebut 'transaction wide compute cap' diperkenalkan di mana Transaksi, secara default, memiliki anggaran 200_000 CU dan instruksi yang dienkapsulasi <strong><em>draw down</em></strong> dari anggaran Transaksi tersebut. Menjalankan transaksi yang sama seperti yang sebelumnya akan menunjukkan hasil yang sangat berbeda:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruksi</th><th>Mulai CU</th><th>Eksekusi</th><th>Sisa CU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>100_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>GAGAL!!!</td><td>GAGAL!!!</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Astaga! Jika Anda tidak menyadari hal ini, Anda mungkin akan frustrasi karena tidak ada perubahan pada behavior instruksi Anda yang akan menyebabkan ini. Di devnet itu berfungsi dengan baik, tetapi secara lokal gagal?!?</p><p>Ada kemampuan untuk meningkatkan keseluruhan anggaran Transaksi, katakanlah 300_000 CU, dan selamatkan kewarasan Anda, namun ini menunjukkan mengapa pengujian dengan <strong><em>Feature Parity</em></strong> memberikan cara proaktif untuk menghindari kebingungan.</p><h2 id="status-fitur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#status-fitur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Status Fitur</h2><p>Cukup mudah untuk memeriksa fitur apa yang diaktifkan untuk cluster tertentu dengan perintah <code>solana feature status</code>.</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana feature status -ud // Displays by feature status for devnet
solana feature status -ut // Displays for testnet
solana feature status -um // Displays for mainnet-beta
solana feature status -ul // Displays for local, requires running solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>Atau, Anda dapat menggunakan alat seperti <a href="#resources">scfsd</a> untuk mengamati status semua fitur di seluruh cluster yang akan ditampilkan, sebagian layar ditampilkan di sini, dan tidak memerlukan <code>solana-test-validator</code> untuk dijalankan:</p><img src="/assets/scfsd.cc67ec33.png" alt="Heatmap dari Status Fitur"><img src="/assets/scfsd.cc67ec33.png" alt="Feature Status Heatmap"><h2 id="uji-paritas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uji-paritas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Uji Paritas</h2><p>Seperti disebutkan di atas, <code>solana-test-validator</code> mengaktifkan <strong>semua</strong> fitur secara otomatis. Jadi untuk menjawab pertanyaan "Bagaimana saya bisa menguji secara lokal di lingkungan yang memiliki paritas dengan devnet, testnet atau bahkan mainnet-beta?".</p><p>Solusi: PR ditambahkan ke Solana 1.9.6 untuk memungkinkan penonaktifan fitur:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY> ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id="demonstrasi-sederhana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#demonstrasi-sederhana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Demonstrasi Sederhana</h2><p>Misalkan Anda memiliki program sederhana yang mencatat data yang diterimanya di entry-point. Dan Anda menguji transaksi yang menambahkan dua (2) instruksi untuk program Anda.</p><h3 id="semua-fitur-diaktifkan" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#semua-fitur-diaktifkan" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Semua fitur diaktifkan</h3><ol><li>Anda memulai validator uji di satu terminal:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana config set -ul
solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Di terminal lain Anda memulai log streamer:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana logs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="3"><li>Anda kemudian menjalankan transaksi Anda. Anda akan melihat sesuatu yang serupa di terminal log (diedit untuk kejelasan):</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[1]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 187157 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success[
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><p>Karena fitur 'batas komputasi luas transaksi' kami secara otomatis diaktifkan secara default, kami mengamati masing-masing instruksi penarikan CU dari anggaran awal Transaksi sebesar 200_000 CU.</p><h3 id="fitur-selektif-dinonaktifkan" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fitur-selektif-dinonaktifkan" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fitur selektif dinonaktifkan</h3><ol><li>Untuk menjalankan ini, kami ingin menjalankan agar behavior anggaran CU setara dengan apa yang berjalan di devnet. Menggunakan alat yang dijelaskan dalam <a href="#status-fitur">Status Fitur</a> pun kami mengisolasi kunci publik <code>batasan komputasi luas transaksi</code> dan gunakan <code>--deactivate-feature</code> pada uji startup validator</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --deactivate-feature 5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9 --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Kami sekarang melihat di log kami bahwa instruksi kami sekarang memiliki anggaran 200_000 CU sendiri (diedit untuk kejelasan) yang saat ini merupakan status di semua cluster hulu:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="uji-paritas-penuh" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uji-paritas-penuh" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Uji Paritas Penuh</h2><p>Anda dapat berada dalam paritas penuh dengan cluster tertentu dengan mengidentifikasi setiap fitur yang belum diaktifkan dan tambahkan <code>--deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY></code> untuk masing-masing saat menjalankan <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_1 --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_2 ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Atau, <a href="#resources">scfsd</a> menyediakan sakelar perintah untuk menampilkan fitur yang dinonaktifkan sepenuhnya setel agar kluster diumpankan langsung ke startup <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./.ledger $(scfsd -c devnet -k -t)
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Jika Anda membuka terminal lain, saat validator sedang berjalan, dan <code>status fitur solana</code> Anda akan melihat fitur dinonaktifkan yang ditemukan dinonaktifkan di devnet</p><h2 id="uji-paritas-penuh-secara-terprogram" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uji-paritas-penuh-secara-terprogram" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Uji Paritas Penuh Secara Terprogram</h2><p>Bagi mereka yang mengontrol jalannya validator pengujian dalam kode pengujian mereka, memodifikasi fitur validator uji yang diaktifkan/dinonaktifkan dimungkinkan menggunakan TestValidatorGenesis. Dengan Solana 1.9.6 sebuah fungsi yang telah ditambahkan ke pembuat validator untuk mendukung ini.</p><p>Di root folder program Anda, buat folder baru bernama <code>tests</code> dan tambahkan <code>parity_test.rs</code> mengajukan. Berikut adalah fungsi tempat boiler (boiler-plate jika Anda mau) yang digunakan oleh setiap pengujian</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Test Boiler Plate</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>error<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">path<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Use gadget-scfs to get interegate feature lists from clusters</span>
<span class="token comment">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml [dev-dependencies] to use</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">gadgets_scfs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsCriteria</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">message<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Added in Solana 1.9.2</span>
<span class="token namespace">compute_budget<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extended in Solana 1.9.6</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_test_validator<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Location/Name of ProgramTestGenesis ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"./.ledger"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Path to BPF program (*.so) change if needed</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"target/deploy/"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program name from program Cargo.toml</span>
<span class="token comment">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM_NAME</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"PROGRAM_NAME"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program public key</span>
<span class="token comment">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM'S PUBLIC KEY str</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PROGRAMS_PUBLIC_KEY_BASE58_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 'transaction wide compute cap' public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>
<span class="token comment">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>env<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instantiate the test validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> test_validator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>
<span class="token comment">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator
<span class="token comment">// Set the ledger path and name</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ledger_path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add_program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start the test validator</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>
<span class="token comment">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">remove_dir_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Boiler plate</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// UNIT TEST FOLLOWS</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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<span class="token comment">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>env<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instantiate the test validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> test_validator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>
<span class="token comment">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator
<span class="token comment">// Set the ledger path and name</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ledger_path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add_program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start the test validator</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>
<span class="token comment">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">remove_dir_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Boiler plate</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Kita sekarang dapat menambahkan fungsi pengujian di badan <code>mod test {...}</code> untuk mendemonstrasikan default penyiapan validator (semua fitur diaktifkan) lalu nonaktifkan <code>batas komputasi luas transaksi</code> sebagai per contoh sebelumnya menjalankan <code>solana-test-validator</code> dari CLI.</p><p>We can now add test functions in the body of <code>mod test {...}</code> to demonstrate default validator setup (all features enabled) and then disabling the <code>transaction wide compute cap</code> as per previous examples running <code>solana-test-validator</code> from the command line.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">All Features Test</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Disable Tx CU Test</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_base_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run with all features activated (default for TestValidatorGenesis)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> inv_feat <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inv_feat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the RpcClient</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Capture our programs log statements</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction to demonstrate</span>
<span class="token comment">// that each instruction CU draws down from default Transaction CU (200_000)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_deactivate_tx_cu_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run with all features activated except 'transaction wide compute cap'</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> inv_feat <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inv_feat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the RpcClient</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Capture our programs log statements</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// This instruction adds CU to transaction budget (1.9.2) but does nothing</span>
<span class="token comment">// when we deactivate the 'transaction wide compute cap' feature</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">request_units</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">400_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token comment">// You will see that each instruction has the 1.8.x 200_000 CU per budget</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Atau, <a href="#resources">gadget mesin scfs</a> dapat menghasilkan vektor penuh yang dinonaktifkan fitur untuk sebuah cluster. Berikut ini menunjukkan menggunakan mesin itu untuk mendapatkan daftar dari semua fitur yang dinonaktifkan untuk devnet.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Devnet Parity</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_devnet_parity_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Use gadget-scfs to get all deactivated features from devnet</span>
<span class="token comment">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml to use</span>
<span class="token comment">// Here we setup for a run that samples features only</span>
<span class="token comment">// from devnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> my_matrix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsCriteria</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusters<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">Default</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run the sampler matrix</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>my_matrix<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">run</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get all deactivated features</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> deactivated <span class="token operator">=</span> my_matrix
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>any_inactive<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm we have them</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert_ne!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>deactivated<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup test validator and logging while deactivating all</span>
<span class="token comment">// features that are deactivated in devnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>deactivated<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Selamat menguji!</p><h2 id="resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resources</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/scfsd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">scfsd<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/gadgets-scfs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">gadget-scfs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/data-migration.html#bagaimana-cara-melakukan-migrasi-akun-data-sebuah-program" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bagaimana cara melakukan migrasi akun data sebuah program?"><!--[--><!--]--> Bagaimana cara melakukan migrasi akun data sebuah program? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/data-migration.html#skenario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Skenario"><!--[--><!--]--> Skenario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/data-migration.html#melakukan-upgrade-akun" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Melakukan upgrade Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Melakukan upgrade Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/data-migration.html#_1-tambahkan-logika-konversi-akun" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="1. Tambahkan logika konversi akun"><!--[--><!--]--> 1. Tambahkan logika konversi akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/data-migration.html#resource" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resource"><!--[--><!--]--> Resource <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="melakukan-migrasi-akun-data-dari-sebuah-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#melakukan-migrasi-akun-data-dari-sebuah-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Melakukan migrasi Akun Data dari sebuah Program</h1><h2 id="bagaimana-cara-melakukan-migrasi-akun-data-sebuah-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bagaimana-cara-melakukan-migrasi-akun-data-sebuah-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bagaimana cara melakukan migrasi akun data sebuah program?</h2><p>Saat Anda membuat program, setiap akun data yang berkaitan dengan program tersebut akan memiliki sebuah struktur data tertentu. Jika Anda perlu melakukan upgrade terhadap akun yang dihasilkan oleh program, Anda kemudian akan memiliki banyak sisa akun hasil program dengan struktur yang lama.</p><p>Dengan account versioning, Anda dapat memperbarui akun lama Anda ke struktur baru.</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Catatan</p><p>Ini hanyalah salah satu dari banyak cara untuk melakukan migrasi data di Program Owned Accounts (POA).</p></div><h2 id="skenario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#skenario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Skenario</h2><p>Untuk mencatat versi dan melakukan migrasi data akun kita, kita akan memberikan <strong>id</strong> untuk masing-masing akun. Id ini akan memungkinkan kita untuk mengidentifikasi versi akun ketika kita meneruskannya ke program, dan dengan demikian menangani akun tersebut dengan benar.</p><p>Mari kita ambil contoh status akun dan program berikut:</p><img src="/assets/pav1.1b0417ca.png" alt="Program Account v1"><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Account</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Instruction</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Processor</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">io<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mem<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Currently using state. If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another serializable backlevel one</span>
<span class="token comment">/// before adding new fields here</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Signal initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Gets the current data version</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">version</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data_version
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Account allocated size</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current content data size</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total usage for data only</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to current state of data</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> past <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
past<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Logic to uplift from previous version</span>
<span class="token comment">// GOES HERE</span>
<span class="token comment">// Give back</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> initialized<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Version check</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing consistent data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span 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class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br><span class="line-number">120</span><br><span class="line-number">121</span><br><span class="line-number">122</span><br><span class="line-number">123</span><br><span class="line-number">124</span><br><span class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">FailInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>
<span class="token comment">/// in the array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Di versi pertama akun kita, kita melakukan hal berikut:</p><table><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>Aksi</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>Sertakan field 'data_version' di data Anda. Ini bisa berupa <em>ordinal</em> sederhana yang bertambah (misalnya u8) atau sesuatu yang lebih canggih</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Mengalokasikan space yang cukup untuk pertumbuhan data</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Inisialisasi sejumlah konstanta untuk digunakan di seluruh versi program</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Tambahkan function pembaruan akun di dalam <code>fn conversion_logic</code> untuk pengembangan di masa mendatang</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Katakanlah kita ingin meningkatkan akun dari program kita sekarang untuk menyertakan field wajib yang baru, yakni field <code>somestring</code>.</p><p>Jika kita tidak mengalokasikan space ekstra di akun sebelumnya, kita tidak dapat melakukan upgrade akun dan terjebak.</p><h2 id="melakukan-upgrade-akun" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#melakukan-upgrade-akun" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Melakukan upgrade Akun</h2><p>Dalam program baru kita, kita ingin menambahkan sebuah properti baru untuk state dari konten. Perubahan dalam upgrade ini adalah bagaimana kita mengembangkan konstruksi awal program dikarenakan mereka sudah digunakan sekarang.</p><h3 id="_1-tambahkan-logika-konversi-akun" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-tambahkan-logika-konversi-akun" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1. Tambahkan logika konversi akun</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Account</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">io<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mem<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somestring<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentOld</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Signal initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Gets the current data version</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">version</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data_version
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Adding string to content</span>
<span class="token comment">// Previous const DATA_VERSION: u8 = 0;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Account allocated size</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentOld</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current content data size</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total usage for data only</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to current state of data</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> past <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
past<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Logic to upgrade from previous version</span>
<span class="token comment">// GOES HERE</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> old <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentOld</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Default sets 'somevalue' to 0 and somestring to default ""</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> new_content <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// We copy the existing 'somevalue', the program instructions will read/update 'somestring' without fail</span>
new_content<span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> old<span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Give back</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> initialized<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> new_content<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Version check</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing consistent version data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somestring<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentOld</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><table><thead><tr><th>Baris</th><th>Catatan</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>6</td><td>kita telah menambahkan syntax Solana berupa <code>solana_program::borsh::try_from_slice_unchecked</code> untuk menyederhanakan proses membaca berbagai subset data dari blok data yang lebih besar</td></tr><tr><td>13-26</td><td>Di sini kita telah mempertahankan struktur konten lama, yaitu <code>AccountContentOld</code> pada baris 24, sebelum kemudian diubah menjadi <code>AccountContentCurrent</code> mulai dari baris 17.</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>kita menginisialisasi konstanta <code>DATA_VERSION</code></td></tr><tr><td>71</td><td>kita sekarang memiliki versi 'sebelumnya' dan kita ingin tahu ukurannya</td></tr><tr><td>86</td><td>menyediakan jalur untuk meningkatkan state konten sebelumnya ke state konten baru (saat ini)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Kita kemudian memperbarui instruksi kita, untuk menambahkan yang baru untuk memperbarui <code>somestring</code>, dan prosesor untuk menangani instruksi baru. Perhatikan bahwa proses 'upgrade' struktur data di-enkapsulasi di belakang <code>pack/unpack</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Instruction</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Processor</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main VersionProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Added with data version change</span>
<span class="token class-name">FailInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// let payload = VersionProgramInstruction::try_from_slice(input).unwrap();</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Added with data version change</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>
<span class="token comment">/// in the array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the string in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_string_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new string {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somestring <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request 0.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Attempting to unpack"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_string_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Setelah membuat dan mengirimkan instruksi: <code>VersionProgramInstruction::SetString(String)</code> sekarang kita memiliki layout dari data akun yang telah di 'upgrade' berikut</p><img src="/assets/pav2.1ef612b4.png" alt="Program Account v2"><h2 id="resource" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resource" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resource</h2><ul><li><a href="https://borsh.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spesifikasi Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/master/sdk/program/src/borsh.rs#L67" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana <code>try_from_slice_unchecked</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/versioning-solana" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Reference Implementation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p 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aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#fakta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fakta"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#uji-runtime-dan-debugging-di-editor" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Uji Runtime dan Debugging di editor"><!--[--><!--]--> Uji Runtime dan Debugging di editor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#uji-node-validator-lokal-di-editor" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Uji Node Validator Lokal di editor"><!--[--><!--]--> Uji Node Validator Lokal di editor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#uji-node-validator-lokal-dari-aplikasi-klien" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Uji Node Validator Lokal dari Aplikasi Klien"><!--[--><!--]--> Uji Node Validator Lokal dari Aplikasi Klien <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="debug-program-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#debug-program-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Debug Program Solana</h1><p>Ada sejumlah opsi dan alat pendukung untuk menguji dan men-debug program Solana.</p><h2 id="fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Lembar Fakta</p><ul><li>Crate <code>solana-program-test</code> memungkinkan penggunaan secara langsung terhadap <strong><em>runtime lokal</em></strong> tempat Anda dapat menguji dan men-debug program Anda secara interaktif (misalnya dalam vscode).</li><li>Crate <code>solana-validator</code> memungkinkan implementasi <code>solana-test-validator</code> untuk robust testing yang lebih baik yang terjadi pada <strong><em>local validator node</em></strong>. Anda dapat menjalankan dari editor <strong><em>tetapi breakpoints di program diabaikan</em></strong>.</li><li>CLI <code>solana-test-validator</code> menjalankan dan memuat program Anda dan memproses eksekusi transaksi dari aplikasi Rust berbasis command line atau aplikasi Javascript/TypeScript menggunakan web3.</li><li>Untuk semua hal di atas, penggunaan makro <code>msg!</code> secara bebas dalam program Anda disarankan dilakukan dari awal dan kemudian menghapusnya seiring Anda menguji dan memastikan behaviour yang kokoh. Ingat bahwa <code>msg!</code> menggunakan Compute Unit yang akhirnya dapat menggagalkan program Anda dengan menyentuh budget cap dari Compute Unit.</li></ul></div><p>Langkah-langkah di bagian berikut menggunakan <a href="#resources">solana-program-bpf-template</a>. Clone itu ke mesin:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">git</span> clone [email protected]:mvines/solana-bpf-program-template.git
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-bpf-program-template
code <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id="uji-runtime-dan-debugging-di-editor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uji-runtime-dan-debugging-di-editor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Uji Runtime dan Debugging di editor</h2><p>Buka file <code>src/lib.rs</code></p><p>Anda akan melihat bahwa programnya cukup sederhana dan pada dasarnya hanya mencatat konten yang diterima oleh function dari entrypoint program: <code>process_instruction</code></p><ol><li>Buka bagian <code>#[cfg(test)]</code> dan klik <code>Run Tests</code>. Ini akan melakukan build program dan kemudian jalankan tes <code>async fn test_transaction()</code>. Anda akan melihat pesan log (disederhanakan) di terminal vscode di bawah code.</li></ol><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
<span class="token string">"bpf_program_template"</span> program loaded as native code
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test::test_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">33</span>.41s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Atur breakpoint di program pada baris <code>msg!</code> (11)</li><li>Kembali ke modul tes, klik <code>Debug</code> dan dalam beberapa detik debugger akan berhenti pada breakpoint dan sekarang Anda dapat memeriksa data, melangkah melalui fungsi, dll., dll.</li></ol><p>Tes ini juga dijalankan dari CLI dengan: <code>cargo test</code> atau <code>cargo tes-bpf</code>. Tentu saja setiap breakpoint akan diabaikan.</p><p>Tentunya asyik bukan!</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Catatan</p><p>Ingatlah bahwa Anda tidak menggunakan node validator sehingga program default, blockhash, dll. tidak diwakili atau tidak akan berperilaku seperti saat berjalan di node validator. Inilah mengapa geng di Solana memberi kita metode Uji Node Validator Lokal!</p></div><h2 id="uji-node-validator-lokal-di-editor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uji-node-validator-lokal-di-editor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Uji Node Validator Lokal di editor</h2><p>Uji integrasi menggunakan programmatic loading dari node validator lokal didefinisikan dalam file <code>tests/integration.rs</code>.</p><p>Secara default, uji integrasi repo template hanya akan dapat dijalankan dari baris perintah menggunakan <code>cargo test-bpf</code>. Langkah-langkah berikut akan memungkinkan Anda untuk berjalan di dalam editor juga seperti menampilkan log validator program dan keluaran <code>msg!</code> dari program Anda:</p><ol><li>Di direktori repo jalankan <code>cargo build-bpf</code> untuk membangun program sampel</li><li>Di editor, buka <code>tests/integration.rs</code></li><li>Komentari baris 1 -> <code>// #![cfg(feature = "test-bpf")]</code></li><li>Pada baris 19 ubah menjadi: <code>.add_program("target/deploy/bpf_program_template", program_id)</code></li><li>Masukkan yang berikut ini pada baris 22 <code>solana_logger::setup_with_default("solana_runtime::message=debug");</code></li><li>Klik <code>Run Test</code> di atas fungsi <code>test_validator_transaction()</code></li></ol><p>Ini akan memuat node validator yang kemudian memungkinkan Anda untuk membuat transaksi (dengan cara Rust) dan mengirim ke node menggunakan <code>RcpClient</code>.</p><p>Keluaran program juga akan dicetak di terminal editor. Misalnya (disederhanakan):</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM consumed <span class="token number">13027</span> of <span class="token number">200000</span> compute <span class="token function">units</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test_validator_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">6</span>.40s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>Debug di sini akan memungkinkan Anda untuk men-debug fungsi dan metode yang digunakan di <strong><em>test body</em></strong> tetapi tidak akan menyebabkan breakpoint dalam program Anda.</p><p>Seperti Lutut lebah, ya?</p><h2 id="uji-node-validator-lokal-dari-aplikasi-klien" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#uji-node-validator-lokal-dari-aplikasi-klien" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Uji Node Validator Lokal dari Aplikasi Klien</h2><p>Terakhir, Anda dapat memulai node validasi lokal dan memuat program Anda dan akun apa pun menggunakan <code>solana-test-validator</code> dari CLI.</p><p>Dalam pendekatan ini, Anda akan memerlukan aplikasi klien baik menggunakan Rust <a href="#resources">RcpClient</a> atau di <a href="#resources">Klien JavaScript atau TypeScript</a></p><p>Lihat <code>solana-test-validator --help</code> untuk detail dan opsi lebih lanjut. Untuk contoh program di sini adalah pengaturan dasar:</p><ol><li>Buka terminal di folder repo</li><li>Jalankan <code>solana config set -ul</code> untuk mengatur konfigurasi agar mengarah ke lokal</li><li>Jalankan <code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program target/deploy/bpf_program_template-keypair.json target/deploy/bpf_program_template.so</code></li><li>Buka terminal lain dan jalankan <code>solana logs</code> untuk memulai streamer log</li><li>Anda kemudian dapat menjalankan program klien Anda dan mengamati keluaran program di terminal tempat Anda memulai log streamer</li></ol><p>Nah itu seperti piyama kucing YO!</p><h2 id="resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resources</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/mvines/solana-bpf-program-template" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">solana-program-bpf-template<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://docs.rs/solana-client/latest/solana_client/rpc_client/struct.RpcClient.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RcpClient<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">JavaScript/Typescript Library<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span><!--[--><!--]--></a></div><div class="navbar-item"><div class="navbar-dropdown-wrapper"><button class="navbar-dropdown-title" type="button" aria-label="Select language"><span class="title">Languages</span><span class="arrow down"></span></button><button class="navbar-dropdown-title-mobile" type="button" aria-label="Select language"><span class="title">Languages</span><span class="right arrow"></span></button><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="navbar-dropdown"><!--[--><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="English"><!--[--><!--]--> English <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="中文（简体）"><!--[--><!--]--> 中文（简体） <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Spanish"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/pt/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Português"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/de/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Deutsch"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/vi/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Tiếng Việt"><!--[--><!--]--> Tiếng Việt <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/th/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="ไทย"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Français"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/account-maps.html#menghasilkan-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menghasilkan PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Menghasilkan PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/account-maps.html#akun-peta-tunggal" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun Peta Tunggal"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun Peta Tunggal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="peta-akun" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#peta-akun" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Peta Akun</h1><p>Peta (<em>Maps</em>) adalah sebuah struktur data yang sering kita gunakan dalam pemrograman untuk mengaitkan sebuah <strong>kunci</strong> dengan suatu <strong>nilai</strong>. Kunci dan nilai ini dapat bertipe data apa saja. Kunci ini berperan sebagai pengenal dari nilai yang diberikan yang sedang disimpan. Kunci dari peta ini memungkinkan kita untuk memasukkan, mengambil dan memperbarui nilai tersebut secara efisien.</p><p>Model dari akun Solana seperti yang kita ketahui memerlukan data program dan data posisi saat itu untuk dapat disimpan di akun yang berbeda. Akun tersebut memiliki alamat yang berkaitan dengan diri mereka. Hal ini sendiri sebenarnya merupakan sebuah peta! Pelajari lebih lanjut mengenai model akun solana <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/core-concepts/accounts.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">disini<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Jadi, tentunya masuk akal untuk menyimpan <strong>nilai</strong> di akun yang berbeda, dengan alamat berperan sebagai <strong>kunci</strong> yang dibutuhkan untuk mengambil nilainya. Tetapi terdapat beberapa masalah yang muncul akibat metode ini, antara lain</p><ul><li><p>Alamat - alamat yang disebutkan di atas kemungkinan besar bukanlah sebuah <strong>kunci</strong> yang ideal, yang dapat Anda ingat dan gunakan untuk mengambil nilai yang diperlukan.</p></li><li><p>Alamat - alamat yang disebutkan di atas merujuk ke kunci publik dari <strong>Pasangan Kunci</strong> yang berbeda, dimana setiap kunci publik (atau <em>alamat</em>) memiliki <strong>kunci pribadi</strong> yang berkaitan dengannya. Kunci pribadi ini akan diperlukan untuk menandatangani instruksi yang berbeda jika dan bila diperlukan, mengharuskan kita untuk menyimpan kunci pribadi di suatu tempat, yang tentunya <strong>tidak</strong> direkomendasikan!</p></li></ul><p>Ini menghadirkan masalah yang dihadapi banyak pengembang Solana, yang menerapkan logika seperti <code>Peta</code> ke dalam program mereka. Mari kita lihat beberapa cara bagaimana kita akan mengatasi masalah ini,</p><h2 id="menghasilkan-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menghasilkan-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menghasilkan PDA</h2><p>PDA adalah singkatan dari <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/accounts.html#program-derived-address" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Program Derived Address<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, dan secara singkat merupakan alamat - alamat yang <strong>diperoleh</strong> dari sekumpulan benih, dan id program (atau <em>alamat</em>).</p><p>Hal unik tentang PDA adalah, alamat ini <strong>tidak</strong> terkait dengan kunci pribadi apa pun. Ini karena alamat ini tidak terletak pada kurva ED25519. Oleh karena itu, <strong>hanya</strong> program dari mana <em>alamat</em> ini diturunkan yang dapat menandatangani instruksi dengan kunci tersebut, dengan menyediakan benih juga. Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang ini <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#create-a-program-derived-address" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">di sini<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Sekarang setelah mengetahui apa itu PDA, mari kita gunakan mereka untuk memetakan beberapa akun! Kita akan mengambil sebuah contoh dari sebuah program <strong>Blog</strong> untuk mendemonstrasikan bagaimana hal ini dapat diimplementasikan.</p><p>Di dalam program Blog ini, kita ingin agar setiap <code>Pengguna</code> untuk memiliki sebuah <code>Blog</code>. Blog ini dapat memiliki sejumlah <code>Artikel</code>. Itu berarti kita <strong>memetakan</strong> setiap pengguna ke sebuah blog, dan setiap artikel <strong>dipetakan</strong> ke blog tertentu.</p><p>Singkatnya, ada pemetaan <code>1:1</code> antara pengguna dan blognya, sedangkan pemetaan <code>1:N</code> antara blog dan artikelnya.</p><p>Untuk pemetaan <code>1:1</code>, kita ingin alamat blog diturunkan <strong>hanya</strong> dari penggunanya, yang memungkinkan kita mengambil blog berdasarkan otoritasnya (atau <em>pengguna</em>). Oleh karena itu, benih untuk blog akan terdiri dari <strong>kunci otoritas</strong>, dan mungkin awalan <strong>"blog"</strong>, untuk bertindak sebagai pengenal tipe.</p><p>Untuk pemetaan <code>1:N</code>, kita ingin setiap alamat artikel diturunkan <strong>tidak hanya</strong> dari blog yang terkait dengannya, tetapi juga <strong>pengidentifikasi</strong> lain, yang memungkinkan kita untuk membedakan antara <code>N </code> jumlah artikel di blog. Dalam contoh di bawah ini, setiap alamat artikel diturunkan dari <strong>kunci blog</strong>, sebuah <strong>slug</strong> untuk mengidentifikasi setiap postingan, dan awalan <strong>"post"</strong>, untuk bertindak sebagai pengenal tipe.</p><p>Untuk kodenya dapat dilihat pada gambar di bawah ini,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Anchor</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2vD2HBhLnkcYcKxnxLjFYXokHdcsgJnyEXGnSpAX376e"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">mapping_pda</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_inner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> _post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> post<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_inner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_count<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> author<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 characters max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 20 characters max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token comment">// 50 characters max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ErrorCode</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Invalid Content or Title."</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>convert<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">TryInto</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">thiserror<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Accounts expected:</span>
<span class="token comment">/// </span>
<span class="token comment">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the blog</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account derived from PDA</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. `[]` The System Program</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Accounts expected:</span>
<span class="token comment">/// </span>
<span class="token comment">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the post</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account for which post is being created</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. `[writable]` Post account derived from PDA</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. `[]` System Program</span>
<span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Processor</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Instruction: InitBlog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span> title<span class="token punctuation">,</span> content<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Instruction: CreatePost"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span> title<span class="token punctuation">,</span> content<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> post_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_len<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_len<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating post account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_post_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>post_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>author <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug <span class="token operator">=</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> title<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content <span class="token operator">=</span> content<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_blog_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PostIxPayload</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>variant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> rest<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> input<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">split_first</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PostIxPayload</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rest<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">match</span> variant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_count<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 posts max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> author<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 chars max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 20 chars max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 50 chars max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Instruction"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Blog Account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Post Account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Post Data"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Account not Writable"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountNotWritable</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">From</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Custom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">175</span><br><span class="line-number">176</span><br><span class="line-number">177</span><br><span class="line-number">178</span><br><span class="line-number">179</span><br><span class="line-number">180</span><br><span class="line-number">181</span><br><span class="line-number">182</span><br><span class="line-number">183</span><br><span class="line-number">184</span><br><span class="line-number">185</span><br><span class="line-number">186</span><br><span class="line-number">187</span><br><span class="line-number">188</span><br><span class="line-number">189</span><br><span class="line-number">190</span><br><span class="line-number">191</span><br><span class="line-number">192</span><br><span class="line-number">193</span><br><span class="line-number">194</span><br><span class="line-number">195</span><br><span class="line-number">196</span><br><span class="line-number">197</span><br><span class="line-number">198</span><br><span class="line-number">199</span><br><span class="line-number">200</span><br><span class="line-number">201</span><br><span class="line-number">202</span><br><span class="line-number">203</span><br><span class="line-number">204</span><br><span class="line-number">205</span><br><span class="line-number">206</span><br><span class="line-number">207</span><br><span class="line-number">208</span><br><span class="line-number">209</span><br><span class="line-number">210</span><br><span class="line-number">211</span><br><span class="line-number">212</span><br><span class="line-number">213</span><br><span class="line-number">214</span><br><span class="line-number">215</span><br><span class="line-number">216</span><br><span class="line-number">217</span><br><span class="line-number">218</span><br><span class="line-number">219</span><br><span class="line-number">220</span><br><span class="line-number">221</span><br><span class="line-number">222</span><br><span class="line-number">223</span><br><span class="line-number">224</span><br><span class="line-number">225</span><br><span class="line-number">226</span><br><span class="line-number">227</span><br><span class="line-number">228</span><br><span class="line-number">229</span><br><span class="line-number">230</span><br><span class="line-number">231</span><br><span class="line-number">232</span><br><span class="line-number">233</span><br><span class="line-number">234</span><br><span class="line-number">235</span><br><span class="line-number">236</span><br><span class="line-number">237</span><br><span class="line-number">238</span><br><span class="line-number">239</span><br><span class="line-number">240</span><br><span class="line-number">241</span><br><span class="line-number">242</span><br><span class="line-number">243</span><br><span class="line-number">244</span><br><span class="line-number">245</span><br><span class="line-number">246</span><br><span class="line-number">247</span><br><span class="line-number">248</span><br><span class="line-number">249</span><br><span class="line-number">250</span><br><span class="line-number">251</span><br><span class="line-number">252</span><br><span class="line-number">253</span><br><span class="line-number">254</span><br><span class="line-number">255</span><br><span class="line-number">256</span><br><span class="line-number">257</span><br><span class="line-number">258</span><br><span class="line-number">259</span><br><span class="line-number">260</span><br><span class="line-number">261</span><br><span class="line-number">262</span><br><span class="line-number">263</span><br><span class="line-number">264</span><br><span class="line-number">265</span><br><span class="line-number">266</span><br><span class="line-number">267</span><br><span class="line-number">268</span><br><span class="line-number">269</span><br><span class="line-number">270</span><br><span class="line-number">271</span><br><span class="line-number">272</span><br><span class="line-number">273</span><br><span class="line-number">274</span><br><span class="line-number">275</span><br><span class="line-number">276</span><br><span class="line-number">277</span><br><span class="line-number">278</span><br><span class="line-number">279</span><br><span class="line-number">280</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> post_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_len<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_len<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating post account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_post_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>post_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>author <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug <span class="token operator">=</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> title<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content <span class="token operator">=</span> content<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_blog_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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ke <code>connection.getAccountInfo()</code> untuk mengambil data akun. Contoh ditunjukkan di bawah ini,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> borsh <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"authorityPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bump"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"postCount"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"author"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bump"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"title"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"content"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug-1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
blogAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Blog account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blogAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
postAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Post account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> postAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug-1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
blogAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Blog account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blogAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
postAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Post account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> postAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="akun-peta-tunggal" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#akun-peta-tunggal" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Akun Peta Tunggal</h2><p>Cara lain untuk mengimplementasikan pemetaan adalah dengan memiliki struktur data <code>BTreeMap</code> yang disimpan secara eksplisit dalam satu akun. Alamat akun ini sendiri bisa berupa PDA, atau kunci publik dari pasangan kunci yang dihasilkan.</p><p>Metode pemetaan akun ini tidak ideal karena alasan berikut,</p><ul><li><p>Anda harus menginisialisasi akun yang menyimpan <code>BTreeMap</code> terlebih dahulu, sebelum Anda dapat memasukkan pasangan nilai kunci yang diperlukan ke dalamnya. Kemudian, Anda juga harus menyimpan alamat akun ini di suatu tempat, untuk memperbaruinya setiap saat.</p></li><li><p>Ada batasan memori untuk sebuah akun, di mana sebuah akun dapat memiliki ukuran maksimum <strong>10 megabita</strong>, yang membatasi <code>BTreeMap</code> untuk menyimpan sejumlah besar pasangan nilai kunci.</p></li></ul><p>Oleh karena itu, setelah mempertimbangkan kasus penggunaan Anda, Anda dapat menerapkan metode ini seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah ini,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">thiserror<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">num_traits<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">FromPrimitive</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"instruction_data: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Processor</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">FromPrimitive</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initializing map!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Inserting entry!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>map_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> map_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_map_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_map_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>map_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map <span class="token operator">=</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>b_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Clone, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MapAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment">// 100</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 user -> blog</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid MapAccount account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Blog account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Account already has entry in Map"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">From</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Custom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br><span class="line-number">153</span><br><span class="line-number">154</span><br><span class="line-number">155</span><br><span class="line-number">156</span><br><span class="line-number">157</span><br><span class="line-number">158</span><br><span class="line-number">159</span><br><span class="line-number">160</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>map_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> map_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_map_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_map_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>map_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map <span class="token operator">=</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>b_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Kode pada sisi klien untuk menguji program di atas akan terlihat seperti yang ditunjukkan di bawah ini,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> borsh <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"FwcG3yKuAkCfX68q9GPykNWDaaPjdZFaR1Tgr8qSxaEa"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"is_initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user_a"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user_b"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"blogs"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userA <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userB <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userC <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>mapKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropASig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropBSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropCSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseA <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropASig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseB <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropBSig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseC <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropCSig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>promiseA<span class="token punctuation">,</span> promiseB<span class="token punctuation">,</span> promiseC<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initMapIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertABIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertBCIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertCAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initMapIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertABIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertBCIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertCAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> sig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>userA<span class="token punctuation">,</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">,</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
skipPreflight<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
preflightCommitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mapAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mapKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mapData <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mapAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MapData: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mapData<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br><span class="line-number">138</span><br><span class="line-number">139</span><br><span class="line-number">140</span><br><span class="line-number">141</span><br><span class="line-number">142</span><br><span class="line-number">143</span><br><span class="line-number">144</span><br><span class="line-number">145</span><br><span class="line-number">146</span><br><span class="line-number">147</span><br><span class="line-number">148</span><br><span class="line-number">149</span><br><span class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br><span class="line-number">153</span><br><span class="line-number">154</span><br><span class="line-number">155</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> insertABIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertBCIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertCAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initMapIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertABIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertBCIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertCAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html#fakta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fakta"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html#memahami-lebih-dalam" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Memahami lebih dalam"><!--[--><!--]--> Memahami lebih dalam <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html#filters" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="filters"><!--[--><!--]--> filters <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html#dataslice" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="dataSlice"><!--[--><!--]--> dataSlice <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html#resource-lainnya" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resource lainnya"><!--[--><!--]--> Resource lainnya <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="mendapatkan-akun-program-getprogramaccounts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mendapatkan-akun-program-getprogramaccounts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mendapatkan Akun Program (getProgramAccounts)</h1><p>adalah sebuah metode RPC untuk mendapatkan semua akun yang dimiliki oleh suatu program. Saat ini <em>pagination</em> tidak didukung. Request ke <code>getProgramAccounts</code> harus menyertakan parameter <code>dataSlice</code> dan/atau <code>filters</code> untuk mempercepat waktu respon dan hanya mengembalikan hasil yang diinginkan.</p><h2 id="fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Parameter</p><ul><li><code>programId</code>: <code>string</code> - Pubkey dari program yang akan diambil, disediakan sebagai string yang di encode menggunakan base58</li><li>(opsional) <code>configOrCommitment</code>: <code>object</code> - Parameter konfigurasi yang berisi field opsional berikut: <ul><li>(opsional) <code>commitment</code>: <code>string</code> - <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#configuring-state-commitment" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">State commitment<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(opsional) <code>encoding</code>: <code>string</code> - Encoding yang digunakan untuk data akun, baik: <code>base58</code>, <code>base64</code>, atau <code>jsonParsed</code>. Catatan, pengguna web3js sebaiknya menggunakan <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">getParsedProgramAccounts<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(opsional) <code>dataSlice</code>: <code>object</code> - Membatasi jumlah data akun yang dikembalikan berdasarkan: <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Jumlah byte ke dalam data akun untuk mulai kembali</li><li><code>length</code>: <code>number</code> - Jumlah byte data akun yang akan dikembalikan</li></ul></li><li>(opsional) <code>filters</code>: <code>array</code> - Filter hasil menggunakan objek filter berikut: <ul><li><code>memcmp</code>: <code>object</code> - Untuk mencocokkan serangkaian byte dengan data akun: <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Posisi byte dalam data akun tempat dimulai perbandingannya</li><li><code>bytes</code>: <code>string</code> - Data yang sedang dicocokkan berupa string yang di encode base58, dibatasi hingga 129 byte</li></ul></li><li><code>dataSize</code>: <code>number</code> - Membandingkan panjang data akun dengan ukuran data yang disediakan</li></ul></li><li>(opsional) <code>withContext</code>: <code>boolean</code> - Untuk membungkus hasilnya dalam <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#rpcresponse-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">object RpcResponse JSON<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul></li></ul></div><h5 id="response" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#response" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Response</h5><p>Secara default <code>getProgramAccounts</code> akan mengembalikan array dari objek JSON dengan struktur berikut:</p><ul><li><code>pubkey</code>: <code>string</code> - Pubkey akun berupa string yang diencode base58</li><li><code>account</code>: <code>object</code> - sebuah objek JSON, dengan sub-field berikut: <ul><li><code>lamports</code>: <code>number</code>, jumlah lamport yang dimiliki sebuah akun</li><li><code>owner</code>: <code>string</code>, Pubkey dengan encode base58 dari program tempat akun tersebut dipasangkan</li><li><code>data</code>: <code>string</code> | <code>object</code> - data yang terkait dengan akun, baik berupa data biner yang telah diencode atau format JSON tergantung pada parameter jenis encoding yang diberikan</li><li><code>executable</code>: <code>boolean</code>, untuk mengindikasi jika akun tersebut berisi sebuah program</li><li><code>rentEpoch</code>: <code>number</code>, Epoch di mana akun ini selanjutnya akan berutang sewa</li></ul></li></ul><h2 id="memahami-lebih-dalam" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#memahami-lebih-dalam" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Memahami lebih dalam</h2><p><code>getProgramAccounts</code> adalah metode RPC serbaguna yang mendapatkan semua akun yang dimiliki oleh suatu program. Kita dapat menggunakan <code>getProgramAccounts</code> untuk sejumlah query yang berguna, seperti menemukan:</p><ul><li>Semua akun token untuk wallet tertentu</li><li>Semua akun token untuk mint tertentu (yaitu Semua pemegang <a href="https://www.projectserum.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SRM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li><li>Semua akun khusus untuk program tertentu (yaitu Semua pengguna <a href="https://mango.markets/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mango<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li></ul><p>Terlepas dari kegunaannya, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> sering disalahpahami karena batasannya saat ini. Banyak query yang didukung oleh <code>getProgramAccounts</code> memerlukan node RPC untuk melakukan scan dari kumpulan data yang besar. Proses scan ini membutuhkan memori dan sumber daya yang intensif. Akibatnya, pemanggilan yang terlalu sering atau terlalu besar cakupannya dapat mengakibatkan connection timeout. Selanjutnya, pada saat penulisan ini, endpoint dari <code>getProgramAccounts</code> tidak mendukung pagination. Jika hasil query terlalu besar, respons akan dipecah (<em>truncate</em>).</p><p>Untuk mengatasi kendala saat ini, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> menawarkan sejumlah parameter yang berguna: yaitu, <code>dataSlice</code> dan opsi dari <code>filters</code> yaitu <code>memcmp</code> dan <code>dataSize</code>. Dengan memberikan kombinasi parameter ini, kita dapat mengurangi cakupan query kita menjadi ukuran yang dapat dikelola dan diprediksi.</p><p>Contoh umum dari <code>getProgramAccounts</code> melibatkan interaksi dengan <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Program Token SPL<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Meminta semua akun yang dimiliki oleh Program Token dengan sebuah <a href="/id/references/accounts.html#get-program-accounts" class="">basic call</a> akan melibatkan sejumlah data yang besar. Namun, dengan memberikan parameter, kita dapat meminta hanya data yang ingin kita gunakan secara efisien.</p><h3 id="filters" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#filters" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>filters</code></h3><p>Parameter yang paling umum digunakan dengan <code>getProgramAccounts</code> adalah array dari <code>filters</code>. Array ini menerima dua jenis filter, yaitu <code>dataSize</code> dan <code>memcmp</code>. Sebelum menggunakan salah satu dari filter ini, kita harus terbiasa dengan bagaimana data yang kita minta ditata dan diserialisasi.</p><h4 id="datasize" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#datasize" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>dataSize</code></h4><p>Dalam kasus Program Token, kita dapat melihat bahwa <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/08d9999f997a8bf38719679be9d572f119d0d960/token/program/src/state.rs#L86-L106" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">akun token memiliki panjang 165 byte<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Secara khusus, akun token memiliki delapan field yang berbeda, dengan masing-masing field membutuhkan jumlah byte yang dapat diprediksi. Kita dapat memvisualisasikan bagaimana data ini ditata menggunakan ilustrasi di bawah ini.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-size.398f17bf.png" alt="Account Size"></p><p>Jika kita ingin menemukan semua akun token yang dimiliki oleh address wallet kita, kita dapat menambahkan <code>{ dataSize: 165 }</code> ke dalam array <code>filters</code> kita untuk memperkecil cakupan query kita menjadi hanya akun yang panjangnya tepat 165 byte. Namun, ini saja tidak akan cukup. kita juga perlu menambahkan filter untuk yang mencari akun yang dimiliki oleh address kita. Kita bisa mendapatkan ini dengan filter <code>memcmp</code>.</p><h4 id="memcmp" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#memcmp" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>memcmp</code></h4><p>Filter <code>memcmp</code>, atau filter "memory comparison", memungkinkan kita untuk membandingkan data di field mana pun yang tersimpan di akun kita. Secara khusus, kita hanya dapat melakukan query untuk akun yang cocok dengan sekumpulan byte tertentu pada posisi tertentu. <code>memcmp</code> membutuhkan dua argumen:</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: Posisi untuk mulai membandingkan data. Posisi ini diukur dalam byte dan dinyatakan sebagai bilangan bulat.</li><li><code>bytes</code>: Data yang harus cocok dengan data akun. Ini direpresentasikan dengan string yang diencode menggunakan base-58 dan harus berukuran kurang dari 129 byte.</li></ul><p>Penting untuk diperhatikan bahwa <code>memcmp</code> hanya akan mengembalikan hasil yang bagian dari datanya sama persis dengan <code>bytes</code>. Saat ini, <code>memcmp</code> tidak mendukung perbandingan untuk data yang kurang dari atau lebih besar dari <code>bytes</code> yang kita berikan.</p><p>Sesuai dengan contoh Program Token kita, kita dapat mengubah query kita untuk hanya mengembalikan akun token yang dimiliki oleh address wallet kita. Saat melihat akun token, kita dapat melihat dua field pertama yang disimpan di akun token adalah pubkey, dan masing-masing pubkey memiliki panjang 32 byte. Mengingat bahwa <code>owner</code> adalah field kedua, kita harus memulai <code>memcmp</code> kita pada <code>offset</code> 32 byte. Dari sini, kita akan mencari akun yang field ownernya cocok dengan address wallet kita.</p><p><img src="/assets/memcmp.c5e1f050.png" alt="Account Size"></p><p>kita dapat memanggil query ini melalui contoh berikut:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Found </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> token account(s) for wallet </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">-- Token Account Address </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> --</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"uiAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T:
-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --
Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK
Amount: 1
-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --
Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
Amount: 3
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_filter<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_account_decoder<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DataSize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Found {:?} token account(s) for wallet {MY_WALLET_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">enumerate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"-- Token Account Address {:?}: {:?} --"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token number">.1</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint_account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_account_data</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mint_account_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Amount: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">f64</span> <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">10usize</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">f64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T:
-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --
Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK
Amount: 1.0
-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --
Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
Amount: 3.0
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "getProgramAccounts",
"params": [
"TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",
{
"encoding": "jsonParsed",
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 165
},
{
"memcmp": {
"offset": 32,
"bytes": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"
}
}
]
}
]
}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output: </span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "result": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "parsed": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "info": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "isNative": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "mint": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "state": "initialized",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "tokenAmount": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "amount": "998999999000000000",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "decimals": 9,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "uiAmount": 998999999,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "uiAmountString": "998999999"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "type": "account"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "program": "spl-token",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "space": 165</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "id": 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="dataslice" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#dataslice" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>dataSlice</code></h3><p>Di luar dua parameter filter, parameter ketiga yang paling umum untuk <code>getProgramAccounts</code> adalah <code>dataSlice</code>. Tidak seperti parameter <code>filters</code>, <code>dataSlice</code> tidak akan mengurangi jumlah akun yang dikembalikan oleh query. Sebagai gantinya, <code>dataSlice</code> akan membatasi jumlah data untuk setiap akun.</p><p>Sama seperti <code>memcmp</code>, <code>dataSlice</code> menerima dua argumen:</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: Posisi (dalam jumlah byte) untuk mulai mengambil data akun</li><li><code>length</code>: Jumlah byte yang harus dikembalikan</li></ul><p><code>dataSlice</code> sangat berguna saat kita menjalankan query pada kumpulan data yang besar tetapi sebenarnya tidak peduli dengan data akun itu sendiri. Contohnya adalah jika kita ingin menemukan jumlah akun token (yaitu jumlah pemegang token) untuk token mint tertentu.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Found </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> token account(s) for mint </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output (notice the empty <Buffer > at acccount.data)
Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
[
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: a8aca7a3132e74db2ca37bfcd66f4450f4631a5464b62fffbd83c48ef814d8d7>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: ce3b7b906c2ff6c6b62dc4798136ec017611078443918b2fad1cadff3c2e0448>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: d4560e42cb24472b0e1203ff4b0079d6452b19367b701643fa4ac33e0501cb1>
}
}
]
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_filter<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_account_decoder<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">UiDataSliceConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DataSize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiDataSliceConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
length<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Found {:?} token account(s) for mint {MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:#?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output (notice zero `len` in `data` of `Account`s)
Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf:
[
(
tofD3NzLfZ5pWG91JcnbfsAbfMcFF2SRRp3ChnjeTcL,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 319,
},
),
(
CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 318,
},
),
(
Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 318,
},
),
]
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># Note: encoding only available for "base58", "base64" or "base64+zstd"</span>
<span class="token function">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "getProgramAccounts",
"params": [
"TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",
{
"encoding": "base64",
"dataSlice": {
"offset": 0,
"length": 0
},
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 165
},
{
"memcmp": {
"offset": 0,
"bytes": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"
}
}
]
}
]
}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output:</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "result": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "FqWyVSLQgyRWyG1FuUGtHdTQHrEaBzXh1y9K6uPVTRZ4"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "61NfACb21WvuEzxyiJoxBrivpiLQ79gLBxzFo85BiJ2U"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "id": 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Dengan menggabungkan ketiga parameter (<code>dataSlice</code>, <code>dataSize</code>, dan <code>memcmp</code>), kita dapat membatasi batasan query kita dan hanya mengambil data yang kita perlukan secara efisien.</p><h2 id="resource-lainnya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resource-lainnya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resource lainnya</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getprogramaccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dokumentasi RPC API<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dokumentasi Web3js<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dokumentasi JSON-parsed Web3js<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<meta name="title" content="Buku Panduan Solana | Akun"><meta name="og:title" content="Buku Panduan Solana | Akun"><meta name="description" content="Akun sangat penting untuk membangun blok dalam pengembangan Solana. Belajar tentang Akun dan konsep-konsep dasar lainnya di Buku Panduan Solana."><meta name="og:description" content="Akun sangat penting untuk membangun blok dalam pengembangan Solana. Belajar tentang Akun dan konsep-konsep dasar lainnya di Buku Panduan Solana."><meta name="og:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="og:image:alt" content="Solana splash card"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@solanacookbook"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,noodp"><meta name="googlebot" content="index,follow"><link rel="icon" href="/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg"><script data-domain="solanacookbook.com" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script><title>Akun | Buku Panduan Solana</title>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html#fakta-fakta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fakta-Fakta"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakta-Fakta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html#lebih-dalam" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Lebih Dalam"><!--[--><!--]--> Lebih Dalam <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html#model-akun" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Model Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Model Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html#menyewa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menyewa"><!--[--><!--]--> Menyewa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html#sumber-lainnya" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Sumber Lainnya"><!--[--><!--]--> Sumber Lainnya <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html#credit" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Credit"><!--[--><!--]--> Credit <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="akun" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#akun" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Akun</h1><p>Akun-akun di dalam solana digunakan untuk menyimpan status. Akun-akun itu adalah blok yang sangat penting dalam pengembangan di Solana.</p><h2 id="fakta-fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta-fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta-Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fakta</p><ul><li>Akun-akun digunakan untuk menyimpan data</li><li>Setiap akun memiliki alamat unik</li><li>Akun-akun memiliki ukuran maksimal yaitu 10MB (10 Mega Bytes)</li><li>Akun-akun PDA memiliki ukuran maksimal yaitu 10KB (10 Kilo Bytes)</li><li>Akun-akun PDA bisa digunakan untuk menandatangani atas nama program</li><li>Ukuran akun-akun sudah ditetapkan pada waktu pembuatan, tapi bisa dilakukan penyesuaian menggunakan <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-change-account-size" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">realloc<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Penyimpanan data akun dibayarkan dengan sewa</li><li>Pemilik akun bawaan adalah Program Sistem</li></ul></div><h2 id="lebih-dalam" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#lebih-dalam" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Lebih Dalam</h2><h3 id="model-akun" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#model-akun" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Model Akun</h3><p>Ada 3 macam akun di Solana :</p><ul><li>Data akun penyimpan data</li><li>Akun program menyimpan program yang dapat dieksekusi</li><li>Akun Bawaan (native) yang menunjukkan program bawaan di solana seperti Sistem, Stake, dan Vote</li></ul><p>Dalam data akun, ada 2 jenis yaitu:</p><ul><li>Akun-akun yang dimiliki sistem</li><li>Akun PDA (Program Derived Address)</li></ul><p>Setiap akun memiliki sebuah alamat (biasanya disebut public key) dan seorang pemilik (alamat dari akun program). Daftar lengkap tipe apa saja yang disimpan oleh akun dapat ditemukan di bawah ini.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Tipe</th><th>Deskripsi</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lamports</td><td>Jumlah lamports yang dimiliki oleh akun ini</td></tr><tr><td>owner</td><td>Pemilik program akun ini</td></tr><tr><td>executable</td><td>Apakah akun ini bisa untuk memproses intruksi</td></tr><tr><td>data</td><td>Array byte data mentah yang disimpan oleh akun ini</td></tr><tr><td>rent_epoch</td><td>Di <code>epoch</code> berikutnya, akun ini akan berutang sewa</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Berikut ini beberapa aturan penting kepemilikan :</p><ul><li>Hanya pemilik data akun yang bisa mengubah datanya dan data lamports</li><li>Siapapun diizinkan untuk mengkreditkan lamports ke data akun</li><li>Pemilik akun dapat menetapkan pemilik baru jika data akun tidak ada</li></ul><p>Akun program tidak menyimpan status.</p><p>Sebagai contoh, jika anda memiliki program penghitung yang memungkinkan anda menambah penghitung, anda harus membuat dua akun, satu akun untuk menyimpan kode program, dan satu untuk menyimpan konter.</p><p><img src="/assets/account_example.5b70d95a.jpeg" alt=""></p><p>Untuk mencegah sebuah akun dihapus, anda harus membayar sewa.</p><h3 id="menyewa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menyewa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menyewa</h3><p>Menyimpan data pada akun membutuhkan biaya berupa SOL untuk pemeliharaan, dan itu didanai oleh apa yang disebut dengan sewa. Jika anda menyediakan biaya pemeliharaan minimum yang setara untuk 2 tahun pembayaran sewa di akun, akun anda akan dibebaskan dari pembayaran sewa. Anda bisa mengambil sewa dengan menutup akun dan mengirimkan lamports kembali ke wallet anda.</p><p>Sewa dibayarkan selama dua waktu yang berbeda:</p><ol><li>Ketika dirujuk oleh suatu transaksi</li><li>Sekali dalam satu masa <code>epoch</code></li></ol><p>Persentase sewa yang dikumpulkan oleh akun-akun akan dihancurkan, sementara sisanya didistribusikan untuk memilih akun di akhir setiap slot.</p><p>Jika akun tidak punya saldo yang cukup untuk membayar seewa, akun akan dibatalkan alokasinya dan datanya akan dihapus.</p><h2 id="sumber-lainnya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sumber-lainnya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sumber Lainnya</h2><ul><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/zh-cn/docs/account-model/#account-storage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Account Model<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip/status/1452402100470644739" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">pencilflip account thread<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><h3 id="credit" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#credit" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Credit</h3><p>Konsep dasar ini dikreditkan ke Pencilflip. <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=pencilflip" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Follow him on Twitter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html#fakta-fakta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fakta-Fakta"><!--[--><!--]--> Fakta-Fakta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html#membuat-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Membuat PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Membuat PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html#berinteraksi-dengan-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Berinteraksi dengan PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Berinteraksi dengan PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html#sumber-lainnya" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Sumber lainnya"><!--[--><!--]--> Sumber lainnya <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="program-derived-addresses-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program-derived-addresses-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program Derived Addresses (PDA)</h1><p>Program Derived Addresses (PDA) adalah tempat seperti rumah untuk akun-akun yang di desain untuk dikendalikan oleh suatu program tertentu. Dengan PDA, program bisa memverifikasi alamat tertentu secara terprogram tanpa membutuhkan private key. PDA berfungsi sebagai fondasi untuk <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cross-Program Invocation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, yang memungkinkan aplikasi Solana dapat disusun satu sama lain.</p><h2 id="fakta-fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta-fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta-Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fakta</p><ul><li>PDA adalah string 32 byte yang mirip seperti public key, namun tidak memiliki private key</li><li><code>findProgramAddress</code> akan menurunkan sebuah PDA dari programld dan seeds (kumpulan byte) secara deterministik</li><li>Satu byte (bump) digunakan untuk mendorong sebuah potential PDA dari <code>ed25519 elliptic curve</code></li><li>Program bisa memverifikasi PDA-nya dengan menyediakan seeds dan bump untuk <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-signed-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke_signed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Sebuah PDA hanya bisa diverifikasi oleh program asalnya</li><li>Selain untuk mengizinkan program diverifikasi dengan instruksi lain, PDA juga menyediakan antarmuka (<em>interface</em>) seperti hashmap untuk <a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="">Mengindeks Akun</a></li></ul></div><h1 id="lebih-dalam" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#lebih-dalam" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Lebih Dalam</h1><p>PDA adalah bahan penting untuk mengembangkan program di Solana. Dengan PDA, program-program dapat memverifikasi akun sambil menjamin tidak ada pengguna dari luar yang bisa memverifikasi akun yang sama. Selain memverifikasi akun, program tertentu juga dapat memodifikasi akun dalam PDA masing-masing.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-matrix.508bf274.png" alt="Accounts matrix"></p><p><small style="text-align:center;display:block;">Image courtesy of <a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip">Pencilflip</a></small></p><h3 id="membuat-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#membuat-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Membuat PDA</h3><p>Untuk memahami konsep PDA, akan sangat membantu untuk memandang PDA sebagai sesuatu yang “ditemukan” dan bukan “diciptakan”. PDA dihasilkan dari kombinasi seeds (seperti string <code>“vote_account”</code>) dan sebuah program id. Kombinasi seeds ini kemudian dijalankan melalui sebuah fungsi sha256 hash untuk melihat bahwa mereka menghasilkan sebuah public key yang berdasarkan pada <code>ed25519 elliptic curve</code> atau tidak.</p><p>Dalam menjalankan program id dan seeds dengan sebuah fungsi hash, ada 50% kemungkinan menghasilkan sebuah public key yang valid namun tidak tepat di kurva ekliptik. Dalam kasus ini, yang dapat dilakukan adalah menambahkan sesuatu (fudge) untuk mendorong input dan uji coba ulang. Istilah teknis dari fudge ini adalah bump. Dalam Solana, dimulai dengan bump = 255 dan secara perlahan turunkan nilainya bump = 254, bump = 253 dan seterusnya. Sampai kita mendapatkan alamat (<em>address</em>) yang tidak ada di <code>elliptic curve</code>. Cara ini memang belum sempurna, namun ketika membuahkan hasil, ini memberikan kita cara deterministik untuk menurunkan PDA yang sama berulang kali.</p><p><img src="/assets/pda-curve.7c0b9307.png" alt="PDA on the ellipitic curve"></p><h3 id="berinteraksi-dengan-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#berinteraksi-dengan-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Berinteraksi dengan PDAs</h3><p>Ketika sebuah PDA dihasilkan, <code>findProgramAddress</code> akan mengembalikan alamat dan juga bump yang digunakan untuk mengeluarkannya dari <code>elliptic curve</code>. Dilengkapi dengan bump ini, sebuah program dapat <a href="/id/references/accounts.html#sign-with-a-pda" class="">memverifikasi</a> instruksi apapun yang dibutuhkan oleh PDA tersebut. Untuk memverifikasi, program harus meloloskan instruksi, sejumlah akun, dan seeds yang digunakan untuk menurunkan PDA ke <code>invoke_signed</code>. Selain memverifikasi instruksi, PDA juga harus memverifikasi hasilnya via <code>invoke_signed</code>.</p><p>Ketika pembuatan dangan PDA, sangatlah umum untuk <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/78e29e9238e555967b9125799d7d420d7d12b959/token-swap/program/src/state.rs#L100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">menyimpan <em>bump seed</em><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> di data akun tersebut. Hal ini mengizinkan pada developer untuk memvalidasi sebuah PDA tanpa harus melewati bump sebagai argumen instruksi.</p><h2 id="sumber-lainnya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sumber-lainnya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sumber lainnya</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.brianfriel.xyz/understanding-program-derived-addresses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Understanding Program Derived Addresses<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Memulai <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Buku Panduan Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Buku Panduan Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalasi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalasi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Konsep Utama <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active 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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html#menulis-program" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html#deploy-program" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Deploy Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Deploy Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html#sumber-lainnya" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Sumber Lainnya"><!--[--><!--]--> Sumber Lainnya <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Panduan <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mendapatkan Akun Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Mendapatkan Akun Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialisasi Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program</h1><p>Setiap developer bisa menulis dan memasukan programnya ke Solana Blockchain. Program (diketahui sebagai smart contracts di protokol lain) berfungsi sebagai dasar untuk aktivitas on-chain, mendukung apa pun mulai dari DeFi dan NFT hingga ke Media Sosial dan Game.</p><h2 id="fakta-fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta-fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta-Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fakta</p><ul><li>Program Memproses <a href="./transactions">instruksi</a> dari pengguna akhir dan program lain</li><li>Semua program adalah <em>stateless</em> / <em>tidak memiliki status</em>: semua data apa pun yang berinteraksi dengannya disimpan di <a href="/id/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="">Akun</a> terpisah yang diteruskan melalui intruksi</li><li>Program itu sendiri disimpan dalam akun yang ditandai sebagai 'executable'</li><li>Semua program merupakan milik <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dan dieksekusi oleh <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Pengembang paling sering menulis program dalam bahasa Rust atau C++, tetapi bisa memilih bahasa lain yang menargetkan <a href="https://llvm.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LLVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Packet_Filter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> backend</li><li>Semua program memiliki satu titik masuk dimana pemrosessan instruksi berlangsung (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>); parameternya selalu meliputi: <ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id="lebih-dalam" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#lebih-dalam" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Lebih Dalam</h2><p>Tidak seperti kebanyakan blockchain lainnya, Solana benar-benar memisahkan kode dari data. Semua data yang berinteraksi dengan program disimpan dalam akun terpisah dan diteruskan sebagai referensi via instruksi. Model ini memungkinkan satu program generik untuk beroperasi di berbagai akun tanpa memerlukan penerapan tambahan. Contoh umum dari pola ini terlihat di seluruh program bawaan (<code>Native</code>) dan Program SPL.</p><h3 id="native-program-solana-program-library-spl" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#native-program-solana-program-library-spl" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Native Program & Solana Program Library (SPL)</h3><p>Solana dilengkapi dengan sejumlah program yang berfungsi sebagai blok bangunan inti untuk interaksi dalam on-chain. Program ini dibagi menjadi <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Native Programs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dan <a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Program Library (SPL) Programs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Program bawaan (<code>native</code>) menyediakan fungsionalitas dasar yang yang diperlukan untuk mengoperasikan validator. Di antara program-program ini, yang paling terkenal adalah <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">System Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> yang bertanggung jawab untuk mengelola akun baru dan mentransfer SOL antara dua belah pihak.</p><p>Program SPL mendukung sejumlah aktivitas on-chain, termasuk membuat, menukar, dan meminjamkan token, serta membuat <code>Stake Pools</code> dan memelihara layanan nama (<code>name service</code>) sebuah on-chain. <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SPL Token Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dapat dipanggil langsung melalui CLI, sementara yang lain seperti <a href="https://spl.solana.com/associated-token-account" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Associated Token Account Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> biasanya dibuat dengan program khusus.</p><h3 id="menulis-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#menulis-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Menulis Program</h3><p>Program paling sering dikembangkan dengan bahasa Rust atau C++, tetapi bisa juga dikembangkan dengan berbagai bahasa yang menargetkan backend BPF LLVM. Inisiatif terbaru oleh <a href="https://neon-labs.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Neon Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dan <a href="https://solang.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solang<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> mengaktifkan <a href="https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> kompatibilitas dan memungkinkan para pengembang untuk menulis program dalam Solidity.</p><p>Sebagian besar program berbasis Rust mengikuti arsitektur berikut:</p><table><thead><tr><th>File</th><th>Deskripsi</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lib.rs</td><td>Mendaftarkan modul</td></tr><tr><td>entrypoint.rs</td><td>Titik masuk ke program</td></tr><tr><td>instruction.rs</td><td>Program API, deserialisasi data instruksi</td></tr><tr><td>processor.rs</td><td>Logika program</td></tr><tr><td>state.rs</td><td>Objek program, status deserialisasi</td></tr><tr><td>error.rs</td><td>Kesalahan (error) khusus program</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Baru-baru ini, <a href="https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anchor<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> telah muncul sebagai framework yang populer untuk mengembangkan program. Anchor adalah sebuah framework, mirip dengan Ruby on Rails, yang mengurangi boilerplate dan mempermudah proses deserialisasi untuk pengembangan berbasis Rust.</p><p>Program pada umumnya dikembangkan dan diuji di <code>localhost</code> dan <code>devnet</code> sebelum di deploy ke <code>testnet</code> atau <code>mainnet</code>. Solana mendukung environment berikut:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Kluster Environment</th><th>URL Koneksi RPC</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mainnet-beta</td><td>https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Testnet</td><td>https://api.testnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Devnet</td><td>https://api.devnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Localhost</td><td>port bawaan: 8899 (contoh http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Setelah di deploy ke environment, klien dapat berinteraksi dengan program on-chain melalui <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RPC connections<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> ke masing-masing kluster.</p><h3 id="deploy-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deploy-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deploy Program</h3><p>Pengembang dapat men-deploy program mereka melalui <a href="https://docs.solana.com/cli/deploy-a-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CLI<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program deploy <span class="token operator"><</span>PROGRAM_FILEPATH<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Ketika program telah di deploy, program tersebut dikompilasi ke <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ELF shared object<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> (berisi BPF bytecode) dan diunggah ke kluster Solana. Program berjalan di akun (seperti semua yang lain di Solana), kecuali akun-akun itu telah ditandai sebagai <code>executable</code> dan ditugaskan ke BPF loader. Alamat akun ini disebut sebagai <code>program_id</code> dan digunakan untuk merujuk program dalam semua transaksi.</p><p>Solana mendukung beberapa BPF Loaders, dengan yang terbaru adalah <a href="https://explorer.solana.com/address/BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Upgradable BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. BPF Loader bertanggung jawab untuk mengelola akun program dan membuatnya tersedia untuk klien melalui <code>program_id</code>. Semua program mempunyai satu titik masuk dimana semua pemrosesan instruksi berlangsung (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>) dan parameternya selalu menyertakan :</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul><p>Setelah dipanggil, program akan dijalankan oleh Solana Runtime.</p><h2 id="sumber-lainnya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sumber-lainnya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sumber Lainnya</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Dokumentasi Resmi <span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" 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Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialisasi Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrasi Akun Data Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrasi Akun Data Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Peta Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Peta Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debug Program Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Debug Program Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pengujian Paritas Fitur"><!--[--><!--]--> Pengujian Paritas Fitur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referensi <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/id/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Development Lokal"><!--[--><!--]--> Development Lokal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs & Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs & Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Akun"><!--[--><!--]--> Akun <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Menulis Program"><!--[--><!--]--> Menulis Program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaksi dengan Token"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaksi dengan Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Mengirim Transaksi Offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Mengirim Transaksi Offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/id/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transaksi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transaksi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transaksi</h1><p>Klien dapat menjalankan <a href="/id/core-concepts/programs.html" class="">programs</a> dengan mengirimkan sebuah transaksi ke cluster. Sebuah transaksi tunggal dapat berisikan berbagai macam instruksi terhadap masing-masing program. Ketika sebuah transaksi dikirimkan, Solana <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> akan menjalankan setiap instruksi sesuai dengan urutan dan secara <code>atomic</code>. Jika ada instruksi yang gagal, maka keseluruhan transaksi akan gagal.</p><h2 id="fakta-fakta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fakta-fakta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fakta-Fakta</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fakta</p><ul><li>Dalam Solana, instruksi adalah unit operasional yang paling dasar</li><li>Setiap instruksi mengandung: <ul><li><code>program_id</code> program yang ingin dijalankan</li><li>Kumpulan semua <code>accounts</code> yang ingin di <em>baca</em> atau di <em>tulis</em></li><li>Sebuah <code>instruction_data</code> byte array yang spesifik terhadap suatu program tertentu</li></ul></li><li>Beberapa instruksi dapat disatukan dalam sebuah transaksi</li><li>Setiap transaksi mengandung: <ul><li>Kumpulan semua <code>accounts</code> yang ingin di <em>baca</em> atau di <em>tulis</em></li><li>Satu atau lebih <code>instructions</code></li><li><code>blockhash</code> terkini</li><li>Satu atau lebih <code>signatures</code></li></ul></li><li>Instruksi secara berurutan dan bersifat<em>atomic</em></li><li>Jika ada instruksi yang gagal, maka seluruh transaksi akan gagal.</li><li>Transaksi dibatasi sampai dengan 1232 bytes</li></ul></div><h2 id="lebih-dalam" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#lebih-dalam" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Lebih Dalam</h2><p>Solana Runtime membutuhkan instruksi dan transaksi untuk menentukan kumpulan akun yang akan dibaca dan ditulis. Dengan mempersiapkan akun terlebih dahulu, <em>runtime</em> dapat menjalankan eksekusinya terhadap semua transaksi bersamaan.</p><p>Ketika sebutah transaksi dikirimkan ke <em>cluster</em>, <em>runtime</em> akan memproses setiap instruksi sesuai urutan dan <code>atomic</code>. Program yang menerima instruksi akan menginterpretasi kumpulan data dan menjalankannya di akun yang ditentukan. Program akan berhasil menjalankan instruksi atau gagal karena adanya <em>error</em>. Jika ada ditemukannya <em>error</em>, maka keseluruhan transaksi akan gagal.</p><p>Setiap transaksi yang bertujuan untuk meng-debet suatu akun atau mengubah data, memerlukan verifikasi dari si pemilik akun. Setiap akun yang akan dimodifikasi akan ditandai dengan <code>writable</code>. Sebuah akun dapat dikreditkan tanpa persetujuan pemiliknya asalkan biaya transaksi dibayarkan menutupi biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk <em>rent</em> dan biaya transaksi itu sendiri.</p><p>Sebelum pengiriman, semua transaksi harus mengacu kepada sebuah <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">blockhash terbaru<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. <em>Blockhash</em> digunakan untuk mencegah duplikasi dan menghapus transaksi gagal. Batas waktu sebuah <em>blockhash</em> transaksi adalah sekitar 1 menit 19 detik atau 150 blocks saat ini ditulis.</p><h3 id="biaya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#biaya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Biaya</h3><p>Jaringan Solana mengambil dua jenis biaya:</p><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/transaction_fees" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em>Biaya Transaksi</em><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> untuk menjalankan transaksi (atau biasa disebut “gas fees”)</li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><em>Biaya Sewa</em><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> untuk menyimpan data on-chain</li></ul><p>Di Solana, <em>Biaya Transaksi</em> itu determistik: tidak ada konsep dimana pengguna dapat membayar lebih demi meningkatkan kesempatan untuk dimasukkan ke <em>block</em> berikutnya. Pada waktu penulisan, biaya transaksi hanya ditentukan oleh jumlah verifikasi yang dibutuhkan (seperti <code>lamports_per_signature</code>), bukan dari jumlah sumber daya yang digunakan. Hal ini dikarenakan adanya batas maksimal 1232 bytes untuk semua transaksi.</p><p>Semua transaksi membutuhkan setidaknya sebuah akun <code>writable</code> untuk memverifikasi transaksi. Ketika transaksi sudah dikirim, akun <em>writable</em> pemverifikasi yang di-serialisasi pertama harus membayar biaya transaksi. Akun ini akan membayar biaya dari transaksi tanpa mempedulikan transaksinya berhasil atau gagal. Jika pihak pembayar tidak memiliki saldo yang cukup, maka transaksi akan dihentikan.</p><p>Pada waktu penulisan, 50% dari semua transaction fee dibayarkan kepada validator yang membuat block dan sisa setengahnya hangus. Struktur ini berguna untuk mendorong validator memproses transaksi sebanyak mungkin.</p><h2 id="sumber-lainnya" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sumber-lainnya" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sumber lainnya</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/docs/solidity-guide/transactions/#solana-transaction-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction Structure<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Transaction-Fees-f09387e6a8d84287aa16a34ecb58e239" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction Fees by Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">An Introduction to Solana by Hana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction Processing by Jito Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Transaction in Depth by Alex Miller<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">akangaziz</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p 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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Getting Started <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cooking with Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Cooking with Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Core Concepts <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html#facts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Facts"><!--[--><!--]--> Facts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html#deep-dive" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Deep Dive"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html#account-model" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Account Model"><!--[--><!--]--> Account Model <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html#rent" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Rent"><!--[--><!--]--> Rent <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/accounts.html#credit" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Credit"><!--[--><!--]--> Credit <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cross Program Invocations (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cross Program Invocations (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Get Program Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Get Program Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializing Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializing Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrating Program Data Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrating Program Data Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Account Maps"><!--[--><!--]--> Account Maps <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debugging Solana Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Debugging Solana Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Feature Parity Testing"><!--[--><!--]--> Feature Parity Testing <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/versioned-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Versioned Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Versioned Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">References <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Local Development"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs and Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Writing Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interacting with Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interacting with Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Offline Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Offline Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction to Gaming on Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction to Gaming on Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Gaming SDKs"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Gaming SDKs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming with NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming with NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Hello World example"><!--[--><!--]--> Hello World example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Storing SOL in a PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Storing SOL in a PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Saving game state"><!--[--><!--]--> Saving game state <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Energy System"><!--[--><!--]--> Energy System <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="How interact with tokens in programs"><!--[--><!--]--> How interact with tokens in programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Port Anchor to Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Port Anchor to Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Learn By Example"><!--[--><!--]--> Learn By Example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="accounts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#accounts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Accounts</h1><p>Accounts within Solana are used to store state. They are an essential building block for developing on Solana.</p><h2 id="facts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#facts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Facts</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Accounts are used to store data</li><li>Each account has a unique address</li><li>Accounts have a max size of 10MB (10 Mega Bytes)</li><li>PDA accounts have a max size of 10KB (10 Kilo Bytes)</li><li>PDA accounts can be used to sign on behalf of a program</li><li>Accounts size are fixed at creation time, but can be adjusted using <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-change-account-size" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">realloc<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Account data storage is paid with rent</li><li>Default account owner is the System Program</li></ul></div><h2 id="deep-dive" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deep-dive" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><h3 id="account-model" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#account-model" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Account Model</h3><p>There are 3 kinds of accounts on Solana:</p><ul><li>Data accounts store data</li><li>Program accounts store executable programs</li><li>Native accounts that indicate native programs on Solana such as System, Stake, and Vote</li></ul><p>Within data accounts, there are 2 types:</p><ul><li>System owned accounts</li><li>PDA (Program Derived Address) accounts</li></ul><p>Each account has an address (usually a public key) and an owner (address of a program account). The full field list an account stores is found below.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lamports</td><td>The number of lamports owned by this account</td></tr><tr><td>owner</td><td>The program owner of this account</td></tr><tr><td>executable</td><td>Whether this account can process instructions</td></tr><tr><td>data</td><td>The raw data byte array stored by this account</td></tr><tr><td>rent_epoch</td><td>The next epoch that this account will owe rent</td></tr></tbody></table><p>There are a few important ownership rules:</p><ul><li>Only a data account's owner can modify its data and debit lamports</li><li>Anyone is allowed to credit lamports to a data account</li><li>The owner of an account may assign a new owner if the account's data is zeroed out</li></ul><p>Program accounts do not store state.</p><p>For example, if you have a counter program that lets you increment a counter, you must create two accounts, one account to store the program's code, and one to store the counter.</p><p><img src="/assets/account_example.ee1160f0.jpeg" alt=""></p><p>To prevent an account from being deleted, you must pay rent.</p><h3 id="rent" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#rent" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Rent</h3><p>Storing data on accounts costs SOL to maintain, and it is funded by what is called rent. If you maintain a minimum balance equivalent to 2 years of rent payments in an account, your account will be exempt from paying rent. You can retrieve rent by closing the account and sending the lamports back to your wallet.</p><p>Rent is paid during two different timings:</p><ol><li>When referenced by a transaction</li><li>Once an epoch</li></ol><p>A percentage of rent collected by accounts is destroyed, while the rest is distributed to vote accounts at the end of every slot.</p><p>If the account does not have enough to pay rent, the account will be deallocated and the data removed.</p><p>It is also important to note that new accounts must be rent exempt.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/zh-cn/docs/account-model/#account-storage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Account Model<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip/status/1452402100470644739" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">pencilflip account thread<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><h3 id="credit" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#credit" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Credit</h3><p>This core concept is credited to Pencilflip. <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=pencilflip" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Follow him on Twitter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Jacob CG</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Ashwin Prasad</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Ayush</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Hector Bardales</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">dtlehrer</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">mwrites</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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href="/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cooking with Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Cooking with Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Core Concepts <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="router-link-active 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Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Versioned Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">References <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Local Development"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs and Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Writing Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interacting with Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interacting with Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Offline Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Offline Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction to Gaming on Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction to Gaming on Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Gaming SDKs"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Gaming SDKs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming with NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming with NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Hello World example"><!--[--><!--]--> Hello World example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Storing SOL in a PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Storing SOL in a PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Saving game state"><!--[--><!--]--> Saving game state 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class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="program-derived-addresses-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program-derived-addresses-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)</h1><p>Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) are home to accounts that are designed to be controlled by a specific program. With PDAs, programs can programmatically sign for certain addresses without needing a private key. PDAs serve as the foundation for <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cross-Program Invocation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, which allows Solana apps to be composable with one another.</p><h2 id="facts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#facts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Facts</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>PDAs are 32 byte strings that look like public keys, but don’t have corresponding private keys</li><li><code>findProgramAddress</code> will deterministically derive a PDA from a programId and seeds (collection of bytes)</li><li>A bump (one byte) is used to push a potential PDA off the ed25519 elliptic curve</li><li>Programs can sign for their PDAs by providing the seeds and bump to <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-signed-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke_signed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>A PDA can only be signed by the program from which it was derived</li><li>In addition to allowing for programs to sign for different instructions, PDAs also provide a hashmap-like interface for <a href="/guides/account-maps.html" class="">indexing accounts</a></li></ul></div><h2 id="deep-dive" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deep-dive" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>PDAs are an essential building block for developing programs on Solana. With PDAs, programs can sign for accounts while guaranteeing that no external user could also generate a valid signature for the same account. In addition to signing for accounts, certain programs can also modify accounts held at their PDAs.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-matrix.c3a79f80.png" alt="Accounts matrix"></p><p><small style="text-align:center;display:block;">Image courtesy of <a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip">Pencilflip</a></small></p><h3 id="generating-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generating-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Generating PDAs</h3><p>To understand the concept behind PDAs, it may be helpful to consider that PDAs are not technically created, but rather found. PDAs are generated from a combination of seeds (such as the string <code>“vote_account”</code>) and a program id. This combination of seeds and program id is then run through a sha256 hash function to see whether or not they generate a public key that lies on the ed25519 elliptic curve.</p><p>In running our program id and seeds through a hash function, there is a ~50% chance that we actually end up with a valid public key that does lie on the elliptic curve. In this case, we simply add something to fudge our input a little bit and try again. The technical term for this fudge factor is a bump. In Solana, we start with bump = 255 and simply iterate down through bump = 254, bump = 253, etc. until we get an address that is not on the elliptic curve. This may seem rudimentary, but once found it gives us a deterministic way of deriving the same PDA over and over again.</p><p><img src="/assets/pda-curve.7c0b9307.png" alt="PDA on the ellipitic curve"></p><h3 id="interacting-with-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#interacting-with-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Interacting with PDAs</h3><p>When a PDA is generated, <code>findProgramAddress</code> will return both the address and the bump used to kick the address off of the elliptic curve. Armed with this bump, a program can then <a href="/references/accounts.html#sign-with-a-pda" class="">sign</a> for any instruction that requires its PDA. In order to sign, programs should pass the instruction, the list of accounts, and the seeds and bump used to derive the PDA to <code>invoke_signed</code>. In addition to signing for instructions, PDAs must also sign for their own creation via <code>invoke_signed</code>.</p><p>When building with PDAs, it is common to <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/78e29e9238e555967b9125799d7d420d7d12b959/token-swap/program/src/state.rs#L100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">store the bump seed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> in the account data itself. This allows developers to easily validate a PDA without having to pass in the bump as an instruction argument.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.brianfriel.xyz/understanding-program-derived-addresses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Understanding Program Derived Addresses<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Brian Friel</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Todsaporn Banjerdkit</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="" aria-label="Cross Program Invocations (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cross Program Invocations (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<meta name="title" content="Solana Cookbook | Programs"><meta name="og:title" content="Solana Cookbook | Programs"><meta name="description" content="Programs (also known as smart contracts) serve as the foundation for on-chain activity. Learn about Programs and more Core Concepts at The Solana cookbook."><meta name="og:description" content="Programs (also known as smart contracts) serve as the foundation for on-chain activity. Learn about Programs and more Core Concepts at The Solana cookbook."><meta name="og:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="og:image:alt" content="Solana splash card"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@solanacookbook"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,noodp"><meta name="googlebot" content="index,follow"><link rel="icon" href="/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg"><script data-domain="solanacookbook.com" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script><title>Programs | Solana Cookbook</title>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Getting Started <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cooking with Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Cooking with Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Core Concepts <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html#facts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Facts"><!--[--><!--]--> Facts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html#deep-dive" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Deep Dive"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html#native-programs-the-solana-program-library-spl" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Native Programs & The Solana Program Library (SPL)"><!--[--><!--]--> Native Programs & The Solana Program Library (SPL) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html#writing-programs" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Writing Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html#deploying-programs" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Deploying Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Deploying Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/programs.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cross Program Invocations (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cross Program Invocations (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Get Program Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Get Program Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializing Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializing Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrating Program Data Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrating Program Data Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Account Maps"><!--[--><!--]--> Account Maps <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debugging Solana Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Debugging Solana Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Feature Parity Testing"><!--[--><!--]--> Feature Parity Testing <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/versioned-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Versioned Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Versioned Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">References <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Local Development"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs and Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Writing Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interacting with Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interacting with Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Offline Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Offline Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction to Gaming on Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction to Gaming on Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Gaming SDKs"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Gaming SDKs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming with NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming with NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Hello World example"><!--[--><!--]--> Hello World example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Storing SOL in a PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Storing SOL in a PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Saving game state"><!--[--><!--]--> Saving game state <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Energy System"><!--[--><!--]--> Energy System <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="How interact with tokens in programs"><!--[--><!--]--> How interact with tokens in programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Port Anchor to Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Port Anchor to Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Learn By Example"><!--[--><!--]--> Learn By Example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="programs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programs</h1><p>Any developer can write and deploy programs to the Solana blockchain. Programs (known as smart contracts on other protocols) serve as the foundation for on-chain activity, powering anything from DeFi and NFTs to Social Media and Gaming.</p><h2 id="facts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#facts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Facts</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Programs process <a href="./transactions">instructions</a> from both end users and other programs</li><li>All programs are <em>stateless</em>: any data they interact with is stored in separate <a href="/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="">accounts</a> that are passed in via instructions</li><li>Programs themselves are stored in accounts marked as <code>executable</code></li><li>All programs are owned by the <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> and executed by the <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Developers most commonly write programs in Rust or C++, but can choose any language that targets the <a href="https://llvm.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LLVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>'s <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Packet_Filter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> backend</li><li>All programs have a single entry point where instruction processing takes place (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>); parameters always include: <ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id="deep-dive" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deep-dive" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>Unlike most other blockchains, Solana completely separates code from data. All data that programs interact with are stored in separate accounts and passed in as references via instructions. This model allows for a single generic program to operate across various accounts without requiring additional deployments. Common examples of this pattern are seen across the Native and SPL Programs.</p><h3 id="native-programs-the-solana-program-library-spl" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#native-programs-the-solana-program-library-spl" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Native Programs & The Solana Program Library (SPL)</h3><p>Solana comes equipped with a number of programs that serve as core building blocks for on-chain interactions. These programs are divided into <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Native Programs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> and <a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Program Library (SPL) Programs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Native Programs provide the base functionality that is required to operate validators. Among these programs, the most well known is the <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">System Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> which is responsible for administering new accounts and transferring SOL between two parties.</p><p>SPL Programs support a number of on-chain activities, including creating, swapping, and lending tokens, as well as generating stake pools and maintaining an on-chain name service. The <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SPL Token Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> can be invoked directly via the CLI, while others like the <a href="https://spl.solana.com/associated-token-account" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Associated Token Account Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> are usually composed with custom programs.</p><h3 id="writing-programs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#writing-programs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Writing Programs</h3><p>Programs are most commonly developed with Rust or C++, but can be developed with any language that targets the LLVM’s BPF backend. Recent initiatives by <a href="https://neon-labs.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Neon Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> and <a href="https://solang.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solang<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> enable <a href="https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> compatibility and allow developers to write programs in Solidity.</p><p>Most Rust-based programs adhere to the following architecture:</p><table><thead><tr><th>File</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lib.rs</td><td>Registering modules</td></tr><tr><td>entrypoint.rs</td><td>Entrypoint to the program</td></tr><tr><td>instruction.rs</td><td>Program API, (de)serializing instruction data</td></tr><tr><td>processor.rs</td><td>Program logic</td></tr><tr><td>state.rs</td><td>Program objects, (de)serializing state</td></tr><tr><td>error.rs</td><td>Program-specific errors</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Recently, <a href="https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anchor<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> has emerged as a popular framework for developing programs. Anchor is an opinionated framework, akin to Ruby on Rails, that reduces boilerplate and streamlines the (de)serialization process for Rust-based development.</p><p>Programs are usually developed and tested against Localhost and Devnet environments before being deployed to Testnet or Mainnet. Solana supports the following environments:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Cluster Environment</th><th>RPC Connection URL</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mainnet-beta</td><td>https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Testnet</td><td>https://api.testnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Devnet</td><td>https://api.devnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Localhost</td><td>Default port: 8899 (e.g. http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Once deployed to an environment, clients can interact with on-chain programs via <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RPC connections<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> to the respective cluster.</p><h3 id="deploying-programs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deploying-programs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deploying Programs</h3><p>Developers can deploy their programs via the <a href="https://docs.solana.com/cli/deploy-a-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CLI<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program deploy <span class="token operator"><</span>PROGRAM_FILEPATH<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>When a program is deployed, it is compiled to an <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ELF shared object<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> (containing BPF bytecode) and uploaded to the Solana cluster. Programs live in accounts (much like everything else on Solana), except these accounts are marked as <code>executable</code> and assigned to the BPF Loader. The address of this account is referred to as the <code>program_id</code> and is used to reference the program in all future transactions.</p><p>Solana supports multiple BPF Loaders, with the latest being the <a href="https://explorer.solana.com/address/BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Upgradable BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. The BPF Loader is responsible for administering the program’s account and making it available to clients via the <code>program_id</code>. All programs have a single entry point where instruction processing takes place (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>) and parameters always include:</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul><p>Once invoked, programs are executed by the Solana Runtime.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SPL Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Program-deploys-29780c48794c47308d5f138074dd9838" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Program Deploys by Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://book.solmeet.dev/notes/solana-starter-kit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Starter Kit by Iron Addicted Dog<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programming on Solana by Paulx<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">An Introduction to the Solana Blockchain by Hana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anchor<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Brian Friel</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Ayush</span><!--[-->, 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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Getting Started <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cooking with Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Cooking with Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Core Concepts <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/transactions.html#facts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Facts"><!--[--><!--]--> Facts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/transactions.html#deep-dive" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Deep Dive"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/transactions.html#fees" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fees"><!--[--><!--]--> Fees <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/transactions.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cross Program Invocations (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cross Program Invocations (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Get Program Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Get Program Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializing Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializing Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrating Program Data Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrating Program Data Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Account Maps"><!--[--><!--]--> Account Maps <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debugging Solana Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Debugging Solana Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Feature Parity Testing"><!--[--><!--]--> Feature Parity Testing <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/versioned-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Versioned Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Versioned Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">References <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Local Development"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs and Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Writing Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interacting with Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interacting with Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Offline Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Offline Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction to Gaming on Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction to Gaming on Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Gaming SDKs"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Gaming SDKs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming with NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming with NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Hello World example"><!--[--><!--]--> Hello World example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Storing SOL in a PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Storing SOL in a PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Saving game state"><!--[--><!--]--> Saving game state <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Energy System"><!--[--><!--]--> Energy System <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="How interact with tokens in programs"><!--[--><!--]--> How interact with tokens in programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Port Anchor to Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Port Anchor to Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Learn By Example"><!--[--><!--]--> Learn By Example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transactions" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transactions" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transactions</h1><p>Clients can invoke <a href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="">programs</a> by submitting a transaction to a cluster. A single transaction can include multiple instructions, each targeting its own program. When a transaction is submitted, the Solana <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> will process its instructions in order and atomically. If any part of an instruction fails, the entire transaction will fail.</p><h2 id="facts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#facts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Facts</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Instructions are the most basic operational unit on Solana</li><li>Each instruction contains: <ul><li>The <code>program_id</code> of the intended program</li><li>An array of all <code>accounts</code> it intends to read from or write to</li><li>An <code>instruction_data</code> byte array that is specific to the intended program</li></ul></li><li>Multiple instructions can be bundled into a single transaction</li><li>Each transaction contains: <ul><li>An array of all <code>accounts</code> it intends to read from or write to</li><li>One or more <code>instructions</code></li><li>A recent <code>blockhash</code></li><li>One or more <code>signatures</code></li></ul></li><li>Instructions are processed in order and atomically</li><li>If any part of an instruction fails, the entire transaction fails.</li><li>Transactions are limited to 1232 bytes</li></ul></div><h2 id="deep-dive" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deep-dive" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>The Solana Runtime requires both instructions and transactions to specify a list of all accounts they intended to read from or write to. By requiring these accounts in advance, the runtime is able to parallelize execution across all transactions.</p><p>When a transaction is submitted to a cluster, the runtime will process its instructions in order and atomically. For each instruction, the receiving program will interpret its data array and operate on its specified accounts. The program will either return successfully or with an error code. If an error is returned, the entire transaction will fail immediately.</p><p>Any transaction that aims to debit an account or modify its data requires the signature of its account holder. Any account that will be modified is marked as <code>writable</code>. An account can be credited without the holder’s permission so long as the transaction fee payer covers the necessary rent and transaction fees.</p><p>Before submission, all transactions must reference a <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">recent blockhash<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. The blockhash is used to prevent duplications and eliminate stale transactions. The max age of a transaction's blockhash is 150 blocks, or about ~1 minute 19 seconds as of the time of this writing.</p><h3 id="fees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fees</h3><p>The Solana network collects two types of fees:</p><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/transaction_fees" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction fees<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> for propagating transactions (aka “gas fees”)</li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rent fees<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> for storing data on-chain</li></ul><p>In Solana, transaction fees are deterministic: there is no concept of a fee market in which users can pay higher fees to increase their chances of being included in the next block. At the time of this writing, transaction fees are determined only by the number of signatures required (i.e. <code>lamports_per_signature</code>), not by the amount of resources used. This is because there is currently a hard cap of 1232 bytes on all transactions.</p><p>All transactions require at least one <code>writable</code> account to sign the transaction. Once submitted, the writable signer account that is serialized first will be the fee payer. This account will pay for the cost of the transaction regardless of whether the transaction succeeds or fails. If the fee payer does not have a sufficient balance to pay the transaction fee, the transaction will be dropped.</p><p>At the time of this writing, 50% of all transaction fees are collected by the validator that produces the block, while the remaining 50% are burned. This structure works to incentivize validators to process as many transactions as possible during their slots in the leader schedule.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/docs/solidity-guide/transactions/#solana-transaction-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction Structure<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Transaction-Fees-f09387e6a8d84287aa16a34ecb58e239" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction Fees by Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">An Introduction to Solana by Hana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transaction Processing by Jito Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Transaction in Depth by Alex Miller<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Ayush</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: 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active">Core Concepts <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Cross Program Invocations (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cross Program Invocations (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#facts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Facts"><!--[--><!--]--> Facts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#deep-dive" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Deep Dive"><!--[--><!--]--> Deep Dive <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-with-invoke" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI with invoke"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI with invoke <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-with-invoke-signed" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI with invoke_signed"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI with invoke_signed <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-instruction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI Instruction"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI Instruction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-accountinfo" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI AccountInfo"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI AccountInfo <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/core-concepts/cpi.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Get Program Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Get Program Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializing Data"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializing Data <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrating Program Data Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrating Program Data Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Account Maps"><!--[--><!--]--> Account Maps <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Debugging Solana Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Debugging Solana Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Feature Parity Testing"><!--[--><!--]--> Feature Parity Testing <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/guides/versioned-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Versioned Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Versioned Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">References <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Local Development"><!--[--><!--]--> Local Development <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Keypairs and Wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Keypairs and Wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Accounts"><!--[--><!--]--> Accounts <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Writing Programs"><!--[--><!--]--> Writing Programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interacting with Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interacting with Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sending Offline Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Sending Offline Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Name Service"><!--[--><!--]--> Name Service <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction to Gaming on Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction to Gaming on Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Gaming SDKs"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Gaming SDKs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming with NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming with NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Hello World example"><!--[--><!--]--> Hello World example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Storing SOL in a PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Storing SOL in a PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Saving game state"><!--[--><!--]--> Saving game state <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Energy System"><!--[--><!--]--> Energy System <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="How interact with tokens in programs"><!--[--><!--]--> How interact with tokens in programs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Port Anchor to Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Port Anchor to Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Learn By Example"><!--[--><!--]--> Learn By Example <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="cross-program-invocations-cpis" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cross-program-invocations-cpis" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cross Program Invocations (CPIs)</h1><p>A Cross-Program Invocation (CPI) is a direct call from one program into another, allowing for the composability of Solana programs. Just as any client can call any program using the JSON RPC, any program can call any other program via a CPI. CPIs essentially turn the entire Solana ecosystem into one giant API that is at your disposal as a developer.</p><p>The purpose of this section is to provide a high-level overview CPIs. Please refer to the linked resources below for more detailed explanations, examples, and walkthroughs.</p><h2 id="facts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#facts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Facts</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>A Cross-Program Invocation (CPI) is a call from one program to another, targeting a specific instruction on the program being called</li><li>CPIs allow the calling program to extend its signer privileges to the callee program</li><li>Programs can execute CPIs using either <code>invoke</code> or <code>invoke_signed</code> within their instructions</li><li><code>invoke</code> is used when all required signatures are accessible prior to invocation, without the need for PDAs to act as signers</li><li><code>invoke_signed</code> is used when PDAs from the calling program are required as signers in the CPI</li><li>After a CPI is made to another program, the callee program can make further CPIs to other programs, up to a maximum depth of 4</li></ul></div><h2 id="deep-dive" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deep-dive" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Deep Dive</h2><p>Cross Program Invocations (CPIs) enable the composability of Solana programs, which allow developers to utilize and build on the instruction of existing programs.</p><p>To execute CPIs, use the <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/program/fn.invoke.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> or <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/program/fn.invoke_signed.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke_signed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> function found in the <code>solana_program</code> crate.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">// Used when there are not signatures for PDAs needed</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_infos<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'_</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span>
<span class="token comment">// Used when a program must provide a 'signature' for a PDA, hence the signer_seeds parameter</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_infos<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'_</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>To make a CPI, you must specify and construct an instruction on the program being invoked and supply a list of accounts necessary for that instruction. If a PDA is required as a signer, the <code>signers_seeds</code> must also be provided when using <code>invoke_signed</code>.</p><h3 id="cpi-with-invoke" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-with-invoke" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI with <code>invoke</code></h3><p>The <code>invoke</code> function is used when making a CPI that does not require any PDAs to act as signers. When making CPIs, the Solana runtime extends the original signature passed into a program to the callee program.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>some_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// instruction to invoke</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>account_one<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_two<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// accounts required by instruction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h3 id="cpi-with-invoke-signed" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-with-invoke-signed" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI with <code>invoke_signed</code></h3><p>To make a CPI that requires a PDA as a signer, use the <code>invoke_signed</code> function and provide the necessary seeds to derive the required PDA of the calling program.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>some_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// instruction to invoke</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>account_one<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// accounts required by instruction, where one is a pda required as signer</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// seeds to derive pda</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>While PDAs have no private keys of their own, they can still act as a signer in an instruction via a CPI. To verify that a PDA belongs to the calling program, the seeds used to generate the PDA required as a signer must be included in as <code>signers_seeds</code>.</p><p>The Solana runtime will internally call <code>create_program_address</code> using the seeds provided and the <code>program_id</code> of the calling program. The resulting PDA is then compared to the addresses supplied in the instruction. If there's a match, the PDA is considered a valid signer.</p><h3 id="cpi-instruction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-instruction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI <code>Instruction</code></h3><p>Depending on the program you're making the call to, there may be a crate available with helper functions for creating the <code>Instruction</code>. Many individuals and organizations create publicly available crates alongside their programs that expose these sorts of functions to simplify calling their programs.</p><p>The definition of the <code>Instruction</code> type required for a CPI includes:</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code> - the public key of the program that executes the instruction</li><li><code>accounts</code> - a list of all accounts that may be read or written to during the execution of the instruction</li><li><code>data</code> - the instruction data required by the instruction</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Instruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>The <code>AccountMeta</code> struct has the following definition:</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountMeta</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_writable<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>When creating a CPI, use the following syntax to specify the <code>AccountMeta</code> for each account:</p><ul><li><code>AccountMeta::new</code> - indicates writable</li><li><code>AccountMeta::new_readonly</code> - indicates <em>not</em> writable</li><li><code>(pubkey, true)</code> - indicates account is signer</li><li><code>(pubkey, false)</code> - indicates account is <em>not</em> signer</li></ul><p>Here is an example:</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_metas <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account1_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account2_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_readonly</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account3_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_readonly</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account4_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h3 id="cpi-accountinfo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-accountinfo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI <code>AccountInfo</code></h3><p>To use <code>invoke</code> and <code>invoke_signed</code>, a list of <code>account_infos</code> is also required. Similar to the list of <code>AccountMeta</code> in the instruction, you need to include all the <code>AccountInfo</code> of each account that the program you're calling will read from or write to.</p><p>For reference, the <code>AccountInfo</code> struct has the following definition:</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Account information</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Public key of the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Was the transaction signed by this account's public key?</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Is the account writable?</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_writable<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The lamports in the account. Modifiable by programs.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> lamports<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Rc</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">RefCell</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token operator">>></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The data held in this account. Modifiable by programs.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Rc</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">RefCell</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">>></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program that owns this account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> owner<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This account's data contains a loaded program (and is now read-only)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> executable<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The epoch at which this account will next owe rent</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> rent_epoch<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Epoch</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><p>You can create a copy of the <code>AccountInfo</code> for each required account using the <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/account_info/struct.AccountInfo.html#impl-Clone-for-AccountInfo%3C'a%3E" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clone<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> trait, which is implemented for the <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/account_info/struct.AccountInfo.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">AccountInfo<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> struct in the <code>solana_program</code> crate.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_infos <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
account_one<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_two<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_three<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>While this section has provided a high-level overview of CPIs, more detailed explanations, examples, and walkthroughs can be found in the linked resources below.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Official Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-do-cross-program-invocation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Cookbook Reference<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.soldev.app/course/cpi" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course Native CPI Lesson<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.soldev.app/course/anchor-cpi" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course Anchor CPI Lesson<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/program-examples/tree/main/basics/cross-program-invocation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Developers Program Examples<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">John</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="" aria-label="Program Derived Addresses (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Derived Addresses (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/#contribution" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Contribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Contribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/#comment-lire-le-cookbook" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment lire le Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment lire le Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="solana-cookbook" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#solana-cookbook" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Solana Cookbook</h1><p><em>Solana Cookbook</em> une ressource pour les développeurs qui fournit les concepts et références essentiels pour créer des applications sur Solana. Chaque concept et référence vont se concentrer sur des aspects spécifiques du développement de Solana tout en fournissant des détails supplémentaires et des exemples d'utilisation.</p><h2 id="contribution" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#contribution" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Contribution</h2><p><em>Solana Cookbook</em> est conçu de manière à permettre aux nouveaux développeurs de Solana de contribuer facilement. Même si vous ne savez pas comment faire quelque chose, contribuer au Cookbook est un excellent moyen d'apprendre !</p><p>Consultez toutes les questions ouvertes <a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook/issues" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Lignes directrices pour les contributions <a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook#contributing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Si vous trouvez qu'il manque une suggestion dans le Cookbook, veuillez ajouter une question.</p><h2 id="comment-lire-le-cookbook" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-lire-le-cookbook" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment lire le Cookbook</h2><p>Le <em>Solana Cookbook</em> est divisé en différentes sections, chacune visant un objectif différent.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Section</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Concepts Fondamentaux</td><td>Les éléments de base de Solana qu'il est bon de connaître pour le développement</td></tr><tr><td>Guides</td><td>Petits guides sur les différents outils de développement</td></tr><tr><td>Références</td><td>Références aux extraits de code les plus couramment utilisés</td></tr></tbody></table><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#token-gating-avec-des-nfts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Token gating avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Token gating avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#bonus-d-effets-avec-des-nfts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Bonus d'Effets avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Bonus d'Effets avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#utilisation-des-metadonnees-d-un-nft-pour-les-statistiques-des-joueurs" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Utilisation des métadonnées d'un NFT pour les statistiques des joueurs"><!--[--><!--]--> Utilisation des métadonnées d'un NFT pour les statistiques des joueurs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#fusionner-des-nfts" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Fusionner des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Fusionner des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#utilisation-de-nfts-3d-dans-un-jeu" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Utilisation de NFTs 3D dans un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Utilisation de NFTs 3D dans un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#personnaliser-des-nfts-avec-des-items-et-des-traits-raindrops-boots" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Personnaliser des NFTs avec des items et des traits (Raindrops boots)"><!--[--><!--]--> Personnaliser des NFTs avec des items et des traits (Raindrops boots) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html#comment-creer-une-collection-nft" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment créer une collection NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment créer une collection NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="les-nfts-dans-les-jeux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#les-nfts-dans-les-jeux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Les NFTs dans les jeux</h1><p>Les jetons non fongibles (NFT) deviennent rapidement populaires en tant que moyen d'intégrer Solana dans les jeux. Ces actifs numériques uniques sont stockés sur la blockchain Solana et sont accompagnés de métadonnées JSON. Les métadonnées permettent aux développeurs de stocker des attributs et des informations importants sur le NFT, tels que sa rareté ou ses caractéristiques spécifiques dans le jeu. Les NFTs peuvent être utilisés dans les jeux pour représenter n'importe quoi, des armes et armures aux biens immobiliers numériques et aux objets de collection, offrant ainsi aux joueurs un nouveau niveau de propriété et de rareté.</p><h2 id="token-gating-avec-des-nfts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#token-gating-avec-des-nfts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Token gating avec des NFTs</h2><p>Grâce aux NFTs, vous pouvez autoriser l'accès à une certaine partie d'un jeu en fonction de la possession d'un NFT. Cela permet de créer une communauté plus soudée au sein de votre jeu. En <a href="https://docs.solana.com/de/developing/clients/javascript-api" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">JS<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et en utilisant le <a href="https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/js#readme" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SDK de Metaplex<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, cela ressemblerait à ceci :</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// For example '.config/solana/devnet.json'</span>
fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"yourKeyPair.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keyPair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>decodedKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">make</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keyPair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nfts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token literal-property property">owner</span><span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> collectionNfts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> nfts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>nfts<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>collection<span class="token operator">?.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> collectionAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
collectionNfts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nfts<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><h2 id="bonus-d-effets-avec-des-nfts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#bonus-d-effets-avec-des-nfts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Bonus d'Effets avec des NFTs</h2><p>En plus de fournir de nouvelles sources de revenus, les NFT peuvent également être utilisés pour offrir des avantages et des bonus aux joueurs. Par exemple, un joueur qui possède un NFT "doubleur de pièces" peut recevoir le double de pièces tant qu'il conserve le NFT dans son portefeuille. De plus, les NFTs peuvent être utilisés comme consommables, ce qui permet aux joueurs de les utiliser pour obtenir des effets temporaires tels que des potions ou des sorts. Une fois consommé, le NFT est brûlé et l'effet est appliqué au personnage du joueur. Ainsi, ces fonctionnalités innovantes des NFTs offrent aux développeurs de jeux de nouvelles opportunités de créer des expériences de jeu uniques et de récompenser les joueurs pour leur possession d'actifs sur la blockchain Solana.</p><p><a href="../references/token#how-to-burn-tokens">Comment interagir avec les jetons</a></p><p><a href="../references/nfts">NFTs</a></p><h2 id="utilisation-des-metadonnees-d-un-nft-pour-les-statistiques-des-joueurs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utilisation-des-metadonnees-d-un-nft-pour-les-statistiques-des-joueurs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utilisation des métadonnées d'un NFT pour les statistiques des joueurs</h2><p>Les NFTs disposent également de métadonnées qui peuvent être utilisées pour toutes sortes de caractéristiques relatives aux objets du jeu. Par exemple, un NFT pourrait représenter un personnage de jeu et ses traits Force/Intelligence/Agilité pourraient directement influencer la puissance du personnage dans le jeu. Vous pouvez charger les métadonnées NFT et leurs attributs à l'aide du SDK de Metaplex :</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// For example '.config/solana/devnet.json'</span>
fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"yourKeyPair.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keyPair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>decodedKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">make</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keyPair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nfts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token literal-property property">owner</span><span class="token operator">:</span> keyPair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> physicalDamage <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> magicalDamage <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
nfts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token parameter">nft</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaData <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">load</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token literal-property property">metadata</span><span class="token operator">:</span> nft<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaData<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>attributes<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token parameter">attribute</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>attribute<span class="token punctuation">.</span>trait_type <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">"Strength"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
physicalDamage <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>attribute<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>attribute<span class="token punctuation">.</span>trait_type <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token string">"Int"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
magicalDamage <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>attribute<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Physical Damage: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> physicalDamage<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Magical Damage: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> magicalDamage<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><h2 id="fusionner-des-nfts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fusionner-des-nfts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fusionner des NFTs</h2><p>Le <a href="https://docs.metaplex.com/programs/fusion/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">programme Fusion Trifle de Metaplex<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> vous permet de faire en sorte que des NFTs possèdent d'autres NFTs. Par exemple, vous pouvez créer un NFT pour une zone de plantation, puis le combiner avec un NFT d'eau et un NFT de semences pour créer un NFT de tomates.</p><h2 id="utilisation-de-nfts-3d-dans-un-jeu" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utilisation-de-nfts-3d-dans-un-jeu" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utilisation de NFTs 3D dans un jeu</h2><p>Les métadonnées d'un NFT peuvent également avoir une url d'animation. Cette url peut contenir une vidéo, un gif ou un fichier 3D. Ces fichiers 3D utilisent généralement le format .glb ou .gltf et peuvent être chargés dynamiquement dans un jeu. Pour Unity, vous pouvez utiliser le package <a href="https://github.com/atteneder/glTFast" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GLTFast<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et pour JS le package <a href="https://discoverthreejs.com/book/first-steps/load-models/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">GLTFast JS<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Exemple de <a href="https://solscan.io/token/DzHPvbGzrHK4UcyeDurw2nuBFKNvt4Kb7K8Bx9dtsfn#metadata" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">métadonnées d'un NFT avec un modèle glb<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><div class="language-c ext-c line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-c"><code> var gltf <span class="token operator">=</span> gameObject<span class="token punctuation">.</span>AddComponent<span class="token operator"><</span>GLTFast<span class="token punctuation">.</span>GltfAsset<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
gltf<span class="token punctuation">.</span>url <span class="token operator">=</span> nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">.</span>animationUrl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>npm install <span class="token operator">--</span>save<span class="token operator">-</span>dev gltf<span class="token operator">-</span>loader<span class="token operator">-</span>ts
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> GltfLoader <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">'gltf-loader-ts'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> loader <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">GltfLoader</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> uri <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/KhronosGroup/glTF-Sample-Models/master/2.0/BoxTextured/glTF/BoxTextured.gltf'</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token literal-property property">asset</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Asset <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> loader<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">load</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>uri<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token literal-property property">gltf</span><span class="token operator">:</span> GlTf <span class="token operator">=</span> asset<span class="token punctuation">.</span>gltf<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gltf<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// -> {asset: {…}, scene: 0, scenes: Array(1), nodes: Array(2), meshes: Array(1), …}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> asset<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accessorData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// fetches BoxTextured0.bin</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token literal-property property">image</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Image <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> asset<span class="token punctuation">.</span>imageData<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// fetches CesiumLogoFlat.png</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h2 id="personnaliser-des-nfts-avec-des-items-et-des-traits-raindrops-boots" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#personnaliser-des-nfts-avec-des-items-et-des-traits-raindrops-boots" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Personnaliser des NFTs avec des items et des traits (Raindrops boots)</h2><p>Avec le <a href="https://docs.raindrops.xyz/services/boots" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">programme Raindrops Boots<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> vous pouvez avoir un personnage de jeu d'aventure qui possède une épée et un casque. Lorsque le NFT du personnage est vendu sur une place de marché, les autres NFTs qu'il possède sont également vendus.</p><h2 id="comment-creer-une-collection-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-une-collection-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer une collection NFT</h2><p>Les NFTs sur Solana suivent pour la plupart la norme de Metaplex. Metaplex est une entreprise qui s'occupe de la norme NFT la plus utilisée sur Solana. La manière la plus courante de créer une collection NFT consiste à créer une <em>candy machine</em> avec Metaplex. Celle-ci permet à l'utilisateur de mint des paires de métadonnées et d'images prédéfinies.</p><p><a href="https://docs.metaplex.com/programs/candy-machine/how-to-guides/my-first-candy-machine-part1" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentations de Metaplex<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://youtu.be/0KHv1dMV8zU" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Configuration d'une candy machine, étape par étape<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="../references/nfts">NFTs</a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#creer-mint-et-bruler-des-jetons-avec-anchor" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Créer, Mint et Brûler des jetons avec Anchor"><!--[--><!--]--> Créer, Mint et Brûler des jetons avec Anchor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#pour-commencer" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pour commencer"><!--[--><!--]--> Pour commencer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#instruction-de-creation-d-un-jeton" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction de création d'un jeton"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction de création d'un jeton <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#instruction-d-initialisation-du-joueur" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction d'initialisation du joueur"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction d'initialisation du joueur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#instruction-pour-tuer-un-ennemi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction pour tuer un ennemi"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction pour tuer un ennemi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#instruction-de-guerison" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction de guérison"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction de guérison <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#compilation-et-deploiement" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Compilation et Déploiement"><!--[--><!--]--> Compilation et Déploiement <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html#debuter-avec-le-client" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Débuter avec le Client"><!--[--><!--]--> Débuter avec le Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="utilisation-de-jetons-dans-des-jeux-sur-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utilisation-de-jetons-dans-des-jeux-sur-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utilisation de jetons dans des jeux sur Solana</h1><p>Les tokens sur Solana peuvent servir à diverses fins, comme des récompenses dans les jeux, des incitations ou d'autres applications. Par exemple, vous pouvez créer des jetons et les distribuer aux joueurs lorsqu'ils accomplissent des actions spécifiques dans le jeu.</p><h2 id="creer-mint-et-bruler-des-jetons-avec-anchor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-mint-et-bruler-des-jetons-avec-anchor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer, Mint et Brûler des jetons avec Anchor</h2><p>Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons créer un jeu en utilisant Anchor pour introduire les bases de l'interaction avec le Programme de Jeton (Token Program) de Solana. Le jeu s'articulera autour de quatre actions principales : créer une nouvelle adresse de mint pour le jeton, initialiser les comptes des joueurs, récompenser les joueurs pour avoir vaincu des ennemis et permettre aux joueurs de se soigner en brûlant des jetons.</p><p>Le programme est composé de 4 instructions :</p><ul><li><code>create_mint</code> - Cette instruction crée une nouvelle adresse de mint pour le jeton avec une Adresse Dérivée de Programme (PDA) en tant qu'autorité de mint (mint authority) et crée le compte de métadonnées de jeton. Nous ajouterons une contrainte pour que seul un "admin" puisse invoquer cette instruction</li><li><code>init_player</code> - Cette instruction initialise un nouveau compte de joueur avec une santé de départ de 100</li><li><code>kill_enemy</code> - Cette instruction déduit 10 points de vie du compte du joueur lorsqu'il "vainc un ennemi" et mint 1 jeton en guise de récompense pour le joueur</li><li><code>heal</code> - Cette instruction permet à un joueur de brûler un jeton pour rétablir sa santé à 100 %.</li></ul><p>Pour une vue d'ensemble de la relation entre les portefeuilles utilisateurs, les adresses de mint de jeton, les comptes de jetons et les comptes de métadonnées de jetons, il est possible d'explorer cette partie de la <a href="https://docs.metaplex.com/programs/token-metadata/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">documentation de Metaplex<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h3 id="pour-commencer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pour-commencer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pour commencer</h3><p>Pour commencer à créer le programme, suivez les étapes suivantes :</p><p>Visitez le <a href="https://beta.solpg.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et créez un nouveau projet Anchor. Si vous êtes nouveau sur Solana Playground, vous devrez également créer un portefeuille Playground.</p><p>Après avoir créé un nouveau projet, remplacez le code par défaut par le code ci-dessous :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_spl<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">associated_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AssociatedToken</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">metadata<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>create_metadata_accounts_v3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CreateMetadataAccountsV3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>burn<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Burn</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MintTo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">mpl_token_metadata<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">pda<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>find_metadata_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataV2</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"11111111111111111111111111111111"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">anchor_token</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><p>Ici, nous mettons simplement en place les crates et les modules correspondants que nous utiliserons dans le cadre de ce programme. Nous allons utiliser les crates <code>anchor_spl</code> et <code>mpl_token_metadata</code> pour nous aider à interagir avec le Programme de Jeton et le Programme de Métadonnées des Jetons (Token Metadata program).</p><h3 id="instruction-de-creation-d-un-jeton" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-de-creation-d-un-jeton" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction de création d'un jeton</h3><p>Tout d'abord, implémentons une instruction pour créer un nouveau jeton et son compte de métadonnées. Les métadonnées du jeton qui seront stockées sur la chaîne, notamment le nom, le symbole et l'URI, seront fournies en tant que paramètres de l'instruction.</p><p>De plus, nous n'autoriserons qu'un "admin" à invoquer cette instruction en définissant une constante <code>ADMIN_PUBKEY</code> et en l'utilisant comme contrainte. Veillez à remplacer <code>ADMIN_PUBKEY</code> par la clé publique de votre portefeuille Solana Playground.</p><p>L'instruction <code>create_mint</code> nécessite les comptes suivants :</p><ul><li><code>admin</code> - le <code>ADMIN_PUBKEY</code> qui signe la transaction et paie pour l'initialisation des comptes</li><li><code>reward_token_mint</code> - la nouvelle adresse de mint de jeton que nous initialisons, avec un PDA comme adresse de mint et comme autorité de mint</li><li><code>metadata_account</code> - le compte de métadonnées que nous initialisons pour le jeton</li><li><code>token_program</code> - nécessaire pour interagir avec les instructions du Programme de Jeton</li><li><code>token_metadata_program</code> - compte nécessaire pour interagir avec les instructions du Programme de Métadonnées des Jetons</li><li><code>system_program</code>- compte obligatoire lors de la création d'un nouveau compte</li><li><code>rent</code> - Sysvar Rent, un compte nécessaire lors de la création du compte de métadonnées</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">// Only this public key can call this instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ADMIN_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_WALLET_PUBKEY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">anchor_token</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new token mint with PDA as mint authority</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">create_mint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">CreateMint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
uri<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
symbol<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// PDA seeds and bump to "sign" for CPI</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bumps<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"reward_token_mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>seeds<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// On-chain token metadata for the mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_v2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">DataV2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
symbol<span class="token punctuation">:</span> symbol<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
uri<span class="token punctuation">:</span> uri<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seller_fee_basis_points<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
creators<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
collection<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
uses<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// CPI Context</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_signer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>token_metadata_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">CreateMetadataAccountsV3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
metadata<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>metadata_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the metadata account being created</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the mint account of the metadata account</span>
mint_authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the mint authority of the mint account</span>
update_authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the update authority of the metadata account</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>admin<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the payer for creating the metadata account</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the system program account</span>
rent<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the rent sysvar account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">create_metadata_accounts_v3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
cpi_ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// cpi context</span>
data_v2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token metadata</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// is_mutable</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// update_authority_is_signer</span>
<span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// collection details</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreateMint</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
mut,
address = ADMIN_PUBKEY
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> admin<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// The PDA is both the address of the mint account and the mint authority</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> admin<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">mint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>decimals <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">mint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">///CHECK: Using "address" constraint to validate metadata account address</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
mut,
address=find_metadata_account(&reward_token_mint.key()).0
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> metadata_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">UncheckedAccount</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_metadata_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Metadata</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br></div></div><p>L'instruction <code>create_mint</code> crée une nouvelle adresse de mint de jeton avec une Adresse Dérivée de Programme (PDA) comme adresse de mint et comme autorité de mint. L'instruction prend en paramètre un URI (métadonnées hors chaîne), un nom et un symbole.</p><p>Cette instruction crée ensuite un compte de métadonnées de jeton par le biais d'une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI) appelant l'instruction <code>create_metadata_accounts_v3</code> du Programme de Métadonnées des Jetons.</p><p>Le PDA est utilisé pour "signer" le CPI puiqu'il est l'autorité de mint, qui est un signataire obligatoire lors de la création du compte de métadonnées de jeton. Les données d'instruction (URI, nom, symbole) sont incluses dans la structure <code>DataV2</code> pour spécifier les métadonnées du nouveau jeton.</p><p>Nous vérifions également que l'adresse du compte <code>admin</code> signant la transaction correspond à la valeur de la constante <code>ADMIN_PUBKEY</code> afin de s'assurer que seul le portefeuille souhaité peut invoquer cette instruction.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ADMIN_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_WALLET_PUBKEY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="instruction-d-initialisation-du-joueur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-d-initialisation-du-joueur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction d'initialisation du joueur</h3><p>Ensuite, implémentons l'instruction <code>init_player</code> qui crée un nouveau compte de joueur avec une santé initiale de 100. La constante <code>MAX_HEALTH</code> est fixée à 100 pour représenter la santé de départ.</p><p>L'instruction <code>init_player</code> nécessite les comptes suivants :</p><ul><li><code>player_data</code> - le nouveau compte de joueur que nous initialisons, qui stockera la santé du joueur</li><li><code>player</code> - l'utilisateur qui signe la transaction et paie pour l'initialisation du compte</li><li><code>system_program</code> - compte obligatoire lors de la création d'un nouveau compte</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">// Player max health</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">anchor_token</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new player account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">init_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitPlayer</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitPlayer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> player<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PlayerData</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> health<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br></div></div><p>Le compte <code>player_data</code> est initialisé à l'aide d'une Adresse Dérivée de Programme (PDA) dont la clé publique <code>player</code> est l'une des seeds. Cela garantit que chaque compte <code>player_data</code> est unique et associé à un <code>player</code>, ce qui permet à chaque joueur de créer son propre compte <code>player_data</code>.</p><h3 id="instruction-pour-tuer-un-ennemi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-pour-tuer-un-ennemi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction pour tuer un ennemi</h3><p>Implémentons ensuite l'instruction <code>kill_enemy</code> qui réduit la santé du joueur de 10 et lui rapporte 1 jeton sur son compte de jetons en guise de récompense.</p><p>L'instruction <code>kill_enemy</code> nécessite les comptes suivants :</p><ul><li><code>player</code> - le joueur qui reçoit le jeton</li><li><code>player_data</code> - le compte de données du joueur stockant l'état de santé actuel du joueur</li><li><code>player_token_account</code> - le compte de jetons associé du joueur où les jetons seront mint</li><li><code>reward_token_mint</code> - l'adresse de mint du jeton, spécifiant le type de jeton qui sera mint</li><li><code>token_program</code> - nécessaire pour interagir avec les instructions du Programme de Jeton</li><li><code>associated_token_program</code> - nécessaire lorsque l'on travaille avec des comptes de jetons associés</li><li><code>system_program</code> - compte obligatoire lors de la création d'un nouveau compte</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">anchor_token</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Mint token to player token account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">kill_enemy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">KillEnemy</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check if player has enough health</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token macro property">err!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NotEnoughHealth</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Subtract 10 health from player</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// PDA seeds and bump to "sign" for CPI</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bumps<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"reward_token_mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>seeds<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// CPI Context</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_signer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintTo</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Mint 1 token, accounting for decimals of mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_mul</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10u64</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">mint_to</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cpi_ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">KillEnemy</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initialize player token account if it doesn't exist</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
init_if_needed,
payer = player,
associated_token::mint = reward_token_mint,
associated_token::authority = player
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TokenAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> associated_token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AssociatedToken</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ErrorCode</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Not enough health"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">NotEnoughHealth</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br></div></div><p>La santé du joueur est réduite de 10 pour représenter le "combat avec l'ennemi". Nous allons également vérifier la santé actuelle du joueur et renvoyer une erreur Anchor personnalisée si la santé du joueur est à 0.</p><p>L'instruction utilise ensuite une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI) pour appeler l'instruction <code>mint_to</code> du Programme de Jeton et mint 1 jeton <code>reward_token_mint</code> dans <code>player_token_account</code> en guise de récompense pour avoir tué l'ennemi.</p><p>Étant donné que l'autorité de mint du jeton est une Adresse Dérivée de Programme (PDA), nous pouvons mint des jetons directement en appelant cette instruction sans signataire supplémentaire. En effet, le programme peut "signer" au nom du PDA, ce qui permet de mint des jetons sans exiger explicitement des signataires supplémentaires.</p><h3 id="instruction-de-guerison" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-de-guerison" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction de guérison</h3><p>Implémentons ensuite l'instruction <code>heal</code> qui permet à un joueur de brûler 1 jeton et de restaurer sa santé à sa valeur maximale.</p><p>L'instruction <code>heal</code> nécessite les comptes suivants :</p><ul><li><code>player</code> - le joueur qui exécute l'action de guérison</li><li><code>player_data</code> - le compte de données du joueur stockant l'état de santé actuel du joueur</li><li><code>player_token_account</code> - le compte de jetons associé du joueur où les jetons seront brûlés</li><li><code>reward_token_mint</code> - l'adresse de mint du jeton, spécifiant le type de jeton qui sera brûlé</li><li><code>token_program</code> - nécessaire pour interagir avec les instructions du Programme de Jeton</li><li><code>associated_token_program</code> - nécessaire lorsque l'on travaille avec des comptes de jetons associés</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">anchor_token</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Burn token to health player</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">heal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Heal</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// CPI Context</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Burn</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
from<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Burn 1 token, accounting for decimals of mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_mul</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10u64</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">burn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cpi_ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Heal</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
mut,
associated_token::mint = reward_token_mint,
associated_token::authority = player
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TokenAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> associated_token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AssociatedToken</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br></div></div><p>La santé du joueur est rétablie à sa valeur maximale à l'aide de l'instruction <code>heal</code>. L'instruction utilise ensuite une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI) pour appeler l'instruction <code>burn</code> du Programme de Jeton, qui brûle 1 token du <code>player_token_account</code> pour guérir le joueur.</p><h3 id="compilation-et-deploiement" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compilation-et-deploiement" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compilation et Déploiement</h3><p>Bravo ! Vous avez terminé le programme ! Vous pouvez le compiler et le déployer à l'aide du Solana Playground. Votre programme final devrait ressembler à ceci :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_spl<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">associated_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AssociatedToken</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">metadata<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>create_metadata_accounts_v3<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CreateMetadataAccountsV3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>burn<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Burn</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MintTo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">mpl_token_metadata<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">pda<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>find_metadata_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataV2</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"CCLnXJAJYFjCHLCugpBCEQKrpiSApiRM4UxkBUHJRrv4"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ADMIN_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"REPLACE_WITH_YOUR_WALLET_PUBKEY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">anchor_token</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new token mint with PDA as mint authority</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">create_mint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">CreateMint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
uri<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
symbol<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// PDA seeds and bump to "sign" for CPI</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bumps<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"reward_token_mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>seeds<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// On-chain token metadata for the mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_v2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">DataV2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> name<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
symbol<span class="token punctuation">:</span> symbol<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
uri<span class="token punctuation">:</span> uri<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seller_fee_basis_points<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
creators<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
collection<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
uses<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// CPI Context</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_signer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>token_metadata_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">CreateMetadataAccountsV3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
metadata<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>metadata_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the metadata account being created</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the mint account of the metadata account</span>
mint_authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the mint authority of the mint account</span>
update_authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the update authority of the metadata account</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>admin<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the payer for creating the metadata account</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the system program account</span>
rent<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// the rent sysvar account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">create_metadata_accounts_v3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
cpi_ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// cpi context</span>
data_v2<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token metadata</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// is_mutable</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// update_authority_is_signer</span>
<span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// collection details</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new player account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">init_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitPlayer</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Mint tokens to player token account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">kill_enemy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">KillEnemy</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check if player has enough health</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token macro property">err!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NotEnoughHealth</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Subtract 10 health from player</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// PDA seeds and bump to "sign" for CPI</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bumps<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"reward_token_mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>seeds<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// CPI Context</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_signer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintTo</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Mint 1 token, accounting for decimals of mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_mul</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10u64</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">mint_to</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cpi_ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Burn Token to health player</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">heal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Heal</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// CPI Context</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Burn</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
from<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Burn 1 token, accounting for decimals of mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_mul</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10u64</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">burn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cpi_ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreateMint</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
mut,
address = ADMIN_PUBKEY
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> admin<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// The PDA is both the address of the mint account and the mint authority</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> admin<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">mint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>decimals <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">mint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">///CHECK: Using "address" constraint to validate metadata account address</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
mut,
address=find_metadata_account(&reward_token_mint.key()).0
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> metadata_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">UncheckedAccount</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_metadata_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Metadata</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitPlayer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> player<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">KillEnemy</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initialize player token account if it doesn't exist</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
init_if_needed,
payer = player,
associated_token::mint = reward_token_mint,
associated_token::authority = player
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TokenAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> associated_token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AssociatedToken</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Heal</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> player<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(
mut,
associated_token::mint = reward_token_mint,
associated_token::authority = player
)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player_token_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TokenAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> reward_token_mint<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Token</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> associated_token_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AssociatedToken</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PlayerData</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> health<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ErrorCode</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Not enough health"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">NotEnoughHealth</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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class="line-number">250</span><br><span class="line-number">251</span><br><span class="line-number">252</span><br></div></div><h3 id="debuter-avec-le-client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#debuter-avec-le-client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Débuter avec le Client</h3><p>Dans cette section, nous allons vous présenter une implémentation simple côté client pour interagir avec le programme. Pour commencer, naviguez jusqu'au fichier <code>client.ts</code> dans Solana Playground, supprimez le code par défaut et ajoutez les extraits de code des sections suivantes.</p><p>Commencez par ajouter le code suivant pour la configuration.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span> getAssociatedTokenAddressSync <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// metaplex token metadata program ID</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// metaplex setup</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">make</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// token metadata</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">uri</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://raw.githubusercontent.com/solana-developers/program-examples/new-examples/tokens/tokens/.assets/spl-token.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">name</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Solana Gold"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">symbol</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"GOLDSOL"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// reward token mint PDA</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> anchor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddressSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"reward"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// player data account PDA</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>playerPDA<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> anchor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddressSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// reward token mint metadata account address</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rewardTokenMintMetadataPDA <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pdas</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">metadata</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token literal-property property">mint</span><span class="token operator">:</span> rewardTokenMintPda <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// player token account address</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> playerTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddressSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br></div></div><p>Ensuite, ajoutez les deux fonctions d'aide suivantes. Ces fonctions seront utilisées pour confirmer les transactions et récupérer les données du compte.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">logTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">txHash</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lastValidBlockHeight <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lastValidBlockHeight<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">signature</span><span class="token operator">:</span> txHash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Use 'solana confirm -v </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">' to see the logs</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">fetchAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>playerBalance<span class="token punctuation">,</span> playerData<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> Promise<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>playerTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerData<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fetch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>playerPDA<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Token Balance: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> playerBalance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>uiAmount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Health: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> playerData<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><p>Ensuite, invoquez l'instruction <code>createMint</code> pour créer une nouvelle adresse de mint de jeton s'il n'existe pas déjà.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> txHash<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintData <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint Already Exists"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">.</span>uri<span class="token punctuation">,</span> metadata<span class="token punctuation">.</span>name<span class="token punctuation">,</span> metadata<span class="token punctuation">.</span>symbol<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">rewardTokenMint</span><span class="token operator">:</span> rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">metadataAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> rewardTokenMintMetadataPDA<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">tokenMetadataProgram</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">logTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Token Mint: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p>Appelez ensuite l'instruction <code>initPlayer</code> pour créer un nouveau compte de joueur s'il n'en existe pas déjà un.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> playerData <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerData<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fetch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>playerPDA<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Already Exists"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Health: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> playerData<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">initPlayer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">playerData</span><span class="token operator">:</span> playerPDA<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">player</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">logTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Account Created"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><p>Ensuite, invoquez l'instruction <code>killEnemy</code>.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">killEnemy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">playerData</span><span class="token operator">:</span> playerPDA<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">playerTokenAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> playerTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">rewardTokenMint</span><span class="token operator">:</span> rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">logTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Enemy Defeated"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">fetchAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><p>Puis, invoquez l'instruction <code>heal</code>.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">heal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">playerData</span><span class="token operator">:</span> playerPDA<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">playerTokenAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> playerTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">rewardTokenMint</span><span class="token operator">:</span> rewardTokenMintPda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">logTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player Healed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">fetchAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><p>Enfin, exécutez le client en cliquant sur le bouton "Run" dans Solana Playground. Vous pouvez copier l'adresse de mint de jeton affichée dans la console et vérifier sur Solana Explorer que le jeton a maintenant des métadonnées. Le résultat devrait être similaire à ce qui suit :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Running client...
client.ts:
Use 'solana confirm -v 3AWnpt2Wy6jQckue4QeKsgDNKhKkhpewPmRtxvJpzxGgvK9XK9KEpTiUzAQ5vSC6CUoUjc6xWZCtrihVrFy8sACC' to see the logs
Token Mint: 3eS7hdyeVX5g8JGhn3Z7qFXJaewoJ8hzgvubovQsPm4S
Use 'solana confirm -v 63jbBr5U4LG75TiiHfz65q7yKJfHDhGP2ocCiDat5M2k4cWtUMAx9sHvxhnEguLDKXMbDUQKUt1nhvyQkXoDhxst' to see the logs
Player Account Created
Use 'solana confirm -v 2ziK41WLoxfEHvtUgc5c1SyKCAr5FvAS54ARBJrjqh9GDwzYqu7qWCwHJCgMZyFEVovYK5nUZhDRHPTMrTjq1Mm6' to see the logs
Enemy Defeated
Player Token Balance: 1
Player Health: 90
Use 'solana confirm -v 2QoAH22Q3xXz9t2TYRycQMqpEmauaRvmUfZ7ZNKUEoUyHWqpjW972VD3eZyeJrXsviaiCC3g6TE54oKmKbFQf2Q7' to see the logs
Player Healed
Player Token Balance: 0
Player Health: 100
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#programme-anchor-tiny-adventure-deuxieme-partie" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Programme Anchor Tiny Adventure - Deuxième Partie"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme Anchor Tiny Adventure - Deuxième Partie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#pour-commencer" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pour commencer"><!--[--><!--]--> Pour commencer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#definition-du-compte-du-coffre-a-recompense" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Définition du compte du coffre à récompense"><!--[--><!--]--> Définition du compte du coffre à récompense <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#definition-du-compte-de-donnees-du-jeu" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Définition du Compte de Données du Jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Définition du Compte de Données du Jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#instruction-d-initialisation-du-niveau-un" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction d'initialisation du niveau un"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction d'initialisation du niveau un <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#reinitialisation-du-niveau-et-instruction-d-apparition-du-coffre" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Réinitialisation du niveau et instruction d'apparition du coffre"><!--[--><!--]--> Réinitialisation du niveau et instruction d'apparition du coffre <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-droite" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction de Déplacement vers la Droite"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction de Déplacement vers la Droite <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#compilation-et-deploiement" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Compilation et Déploiement"><!--[--><!--]--> Compilation et Déploiement <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html#debuter-avec-le-client" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Débuter avec le Client"><!--[--><!--]--> Débuter avec le Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="stockage-de-sol-dans-des-pdas-pour-recompenser-les-joueurs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#stockage-de-sol-dans-des-pdas-pour-recompenser-les-joueurs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Stockage de SOL dans des PDAs pour récompenser les joueurs</h1><p>Guide Vidéo:</p><div class="video-block"><iframe width="320" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/gILXyWvXu7M" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe></div><p>Version Live. (utilisez le devnet)</p><iframe height="400" scrolling="no" title="OZXQWp" src="https://solplay.de/TinyAdventureTwo/index.html" frameborder="no" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" style="width:80%;">
</iframe><h2 id="programme-anchor-tiny-adventure-deuxieme-partie" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programme-anchor-tiny-adventure-deuxieme-partie" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programme Anchor Tiny Adventure - Deuxième Partie</h2><p>Dans ce tutoriel, nous allons recréer le jeu Tiny Adventure et introduire un coffre qui contient une récompense de 0,1 SOL. Le coffre "apparaîtra" à un endroit précis, et lorsque le joueur l'atteindra, il recevra la récompense. L'objectif de ce programme est de montrer comment stocker des SOL dans un compte de programme et le distribuer aux joueurs</p><p>Le programme Tiny Adventure Two se compose de trois instructions :</p><ul><li><code>initialize_level_one</code> - Cette instruction initialise deux comptes sur la chaîne : l'un pour stocker la position du joueur et l'autre pour conserver la récompense en SOL qui représente le "coffre à récompenses".</li><li><code>reset_level_and_spawn_chest</code> - Cette instruction remet la position du joueur à zéro et fait réapparaître un coffre à récompense en transférant des SOL depuis le portefeuille de l'utilisateur invoquant l'instruction vers le compte du coffre à récompense.</li><li><code>move_right</code> - Cette instruction permet au joueur de se déplacer vers la droite et de collecter les SOL dans le coffre à récompense une fois qu'il a atteint une position spécifique.</li></ul><p>Dans les sections suivantes, nous vous guiderons pas à pas dans l'élaboration du programme. Vous pouvez trouver le code source complet, qui peut être déployé directement depuis votre navigateur en utilisant le Solana Playground, à ce lien : <a href="https://beta.solpg.io/tutorials/tiny-adventure-two" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Ouvrir Dans Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h3 id="pour-commencer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pour-commencer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pour commencer</h3><p>Pour commencer à créer le jeu Tiny Adventure, suivez les étapes suivantes :</p><p>Visitez le <a href="https://beta.solpg.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et créez un nouveau projet Anchor. Si vous êtes nouveau sur Solana Playground, vous devrez également créer un portefeuille Playground.</p><p>Après avoir créé un nouveau projet, remplacez le code par défaut par le code ci-dessous :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"11111111111111111111111111111111"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o.........💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"..o.......💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"....o.....💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"........\\o/💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"..........\\o/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><p>Dans ce jeu, le joueur commence à la position 0 et ne peut se déplacer que vers la droite. Pour montrer la progression du joueur tout au long du jeu, nous utiliserons des journaux de messages pour représenter son voyage vers le coffre à récompense !</p><h3 id="definition-du-compte-du-coffre-a-recompense" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#definition-du-compte-du-coffre-a-recompense" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Définition du compte du coffre à récompense</h3><p>Ajoutez la constante <code>CHEST_REWARD</code> au début du programme. <code>CHEST_REWARD</code> représente la quantité de lamports qui seront placés dans le coffre et donnés en récompense. Les lamports sont les plus petites fractions d'un SOL, 1 milliard de lamports étant égal à 1 SOL.</p><p>Pour stocker la récompense en SOL, nous allons définir une nouvelle structure <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>. Il s'agit d'une structure vide car nous mettrons directement à jour les lamports du compte. Le compte contiendra la récompense en SOL et n'aura pas besoin de stocker des données supplémentaires.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"11111111111111111111111111111111"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// The amount of lamports that will be put into chests and given out as rewards.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Define the Chest Vault Account structure</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><h3 id="definition-du-compte-de-donnees-du-jeu" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#definition-du-compte-de-donnees-du-jeu" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Définition du Compte de Données du Jeu</h3><p>Pour suivre la position du joueur dans le jeu, nous devons définir une structure pour le compte qui stockera la position du joueur sur la chaîne.</p><p>La structure <code>GameDataAccount</code> contient un seul champ, <code>player_position</code>, qui stocke la position actuelle du joueur sous la forme d'un entier non signé de 8 bits.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"11111111111111111111111111111111"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Define the Game Data Account structure</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">GameDataAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><p>Maintenant que la structure <code>GameDataAccount</code> est définie, vous pouvez maintenant l'utiliser pour stocker et mettre à jour la position du joueur lorsqu'il interagit avec le jeu. Au fur et à mesure que le joueur se déplace vers la droite et progresse dans le jeu, sa position est mise à jour dans le <code>GameDataAccount</code>, ce qui vous permet de suivre sa progression vers le coffre contenant la récompense en SOL.</p><h3 id="instruction-d-initialisation-du-niveau-un" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-d-initialisation-du-niveau-un" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction d'initialisation du niveau un</h3><p>Maintenant que les comptes <code>GameDataAccount</code> et <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> sont définis, implémentons l'instruction <code>initialize_level_one</code>. Cette instruction initialise les comptes <code>GameDataAccount</code> et <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>, fixe la position du joueur à 0 et affiche le message de départ.</p><p>L'instruction <code>initialize_level_one</code> nécessite 4 comptes :</p><ul><li><code>new_game_data_account</code> - le compte <code>GameDataAccount</code> que nous initialisons pour stocker la position du joueur</li><li><code>chest_vault</code> - le compte <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> que nous initialisons pour stocker la récompense en SOL</li><li><code>signer</code> - le joueur qui paie pour l'initialisation des comptes</li><li><code>system_program</code> - compte obligatoire lors de la création d'un nouveau compte</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_level_one</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeLevelOne</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o.......💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Specify the accounts required by the initialize_level_one instruction</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeLevelOne</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init_if_needed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> new_game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init_if_needed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br></div></div><p>Les comptes <code>GameDataAccount</code> et <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> sont créés en utilisant une Adresse Dérivée de Programme (PDA) comme adresse de compte. Cela nous permet de retrouver les adresses de manière déterministe par la suite. La contrainte <code>init_if_need</code> garantit que les comptes ne sont initialisés que s'ils n'existent pas déjà. Étant donné que les PDAs des deux comptes de cette instruction utilisent une seule seed fixe, notre programme ne peut créer qu'un seul compte de chaque type. En effet, l'instruction ne doit être invoquée qu'une seule fois.</p><p>Il est intéressant de noter que l'implémentation actuelle n'a aucune restriction sur qui peut modifier <code>GameDataAccount</code>. Cela transforme le jeu en une expérience multijoueur où chacun peut contrôler les mouvements du joueur.</p><p>Sinon, vous pouvez utiliser l'adresse du signataire comme une seed supplémentaire dans l'instruction <code>initialize</code>, ce qui permettrait à chaque joueur de créer son propre <code>GameDataAccount</code>.</p><h3 id="reinitialisation-du-niveau-et-instruction-d-apparition-du-coffre" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#reinitialisation-du-niveau-et-instruction-d-apparition-du-coffre" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Réinitialisation du niveau et instruction d'apparition du coffre</h3><p>Ensuite, implémentons l'instruction <code>reset_level_and_spawn_chest</code>, qui réinitialise la position du joueur au départ et remplit le coffre avec une récompense de 0.1 SOL.</p><p>L'instruction <code>reset_level_and_spawn_chest</code> nécessite 4 comptes :</p><ul><li><code>new_game_data_account</code> - le compte <code>GameDataAccount</code> qui stocke la position du joueur</li><li><code>chest_vault</code> - le compte <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> qui stocke les récompenses en SOL</li><li><code>signer</code> - le joueur qui dépose la récompense en SOL dans le coffre</li><li><code>system_program</code> - le programme que nous invoquerons pour transférer les SOL à l'aide d'une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI), plus d'informations à ce sujet dans un instant</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">reset_level_and_spawn_chest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">SpawnChest</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_context <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transfer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
from<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cpi_context<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Level Reset and Chest Spawned at position 3"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Specify the accounts required by the reset_level_and_spawn_chest instruction</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">SpawnChest</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br></div></div><p>Cette instruction comprend une Invocation de Programme Croisée (CPI) pour transférer des SOL du portefeuille du payeur au compte <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>. On parle d'Invocation de Programme Croisée lorsqu'un programme invoque une instruction d'un autre programme. Ici, nous utilisons un CPI pour invoquer l'instruction <code>Transfer</code> du <code>system_program</code> afin de transférer des SOL du portefeuille du payeur vers le <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>.</p><p>Les Invocations de Programme Croisée sont un concept clé du modèle de programmation de Solana, qui permet aux programmes d'interagir directement avec les instructions d'autres programmes. Pour approfondir les CPIs, n'hésitez pas à explorer les leçons sur les CPIs disponibles dans le <a href="https://www.soldev.app/course" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h3 id="instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-droite" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-droite" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction de Déplacement vers la Droite</h3><p>Enfin, implémentons l'instruction <code>move_right</code> qui inclut la logique de collecte de la récompense du coffre. Lorsqu'un joueur atteint la position 3 et entre le bon "mot de passe", la récompense est transférée de <strong><code>ChestVaultAccount</code></strong> vers le compte du joueur. Si un mot de passe incorrect est saisi, une erreur Anchor personnalisée est renvoyée. Si le joueur est déjà en position 3, un message sera affiché. Sinon, la position sera incrémentée de 1 pour représenter le déplacement vers la droite.</p><p>L'objectif principal de cette fonctionnalité "mot de passe" est de montrer comment incorporer des paramètres dans une instruction et comment mettre en œuvre des erreurs Anchor personnalisées pour améliorer la gestion des erreurs. Dans cet exemple, le mot de passe correct sera "gib".</p><p>L'instruction <code>move_right</code> nécessite 3 comptes :</p><ul><li><code>new_game_data_account</code> - le compte <code>GameDataAccount</code> qui stocke la position du joueur</li><li><code>chest_vault</code> - le compte <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> qui stocke les récompenses en SOL</li><li><code>player_wallet</code> - le portefeuille du joueur qui invoque l'instruction et le destinataire potentiel de la récompense en SOL</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction to move right</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">move_right</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> password<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> game_data_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> password <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token string">"gib"</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token macro property">err!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">WrongPassword</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"You made it! Here is your reward {0} lamports"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>ctx
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>chest_vault
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>ctx
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Specify the accounts required by the move_right instruction</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Custom Anchor Error</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MyError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Password was wrong"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">WrongPassword</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><p>Pour transférer les lamports du coffre à récompense vers le compte du joueur, nous ne pouvons pas utiliser une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI) comme nous l'avons fait précédemment, puisque le <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> n'est pas détenu par le Programme du Système. Au lieu de cela, nous modifions directement les lamports dans les comptes en utilisant <code>try_borrow_mut_lamports</code>. N'oubliez pas que le compte sur lequel vous déduisez des lamports doit être un signataire, et que le runtime s'assure toujours que les soldes totaux des comptes restent égaux après une transaction.</p><p>Il convient de noter que les Adresses Dérivées de Programme (PDAs) présentent deux caractéristiques principales :</p><ol><li>Fournir un moyen déterministe de trouver l'adresse d'un compte</li><li>Permettre au programme dont est issu le PDA de "signer" pour lui.</li></ol><p>C'est la raison pour laquelle nous sommes en mesure de déduire les lamports du <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> sans exiger explicitement un signataire supplémentaire pour l'instruction.</p><h3 id="compilation-et-deploiement" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compilation-et-deploiement" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compilation et Déploiement</h3><p>Bravo ! Vous avez maintenant terminé la partie 2 du programme Tiny Adventure ! Votre programme final devrait ressembler à ceci :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This is your program's public key and it will update</span>
<span class="token comment">// automatically when you build the project.</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"7gZTdZg86YsYbs92Rhv63kZUAkoww1kLexJg8sNpgVQ3"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure_two</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// The amount of lamports that will be put into chests and given out as rewards.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_level_one</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeLevelOne</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Usually in your production code you would not print lots of text because it cost compute units.</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o.......💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">reset_level_and_spawn_chest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">SpawnChest</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> cpi_context <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">CpiContext</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transfer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
from<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to<span class="token punctuation">:</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>cpi_context<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Level Reset and Chest Spawned at position 3"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">move_right</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> password<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> game_data_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> password <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token string">"gib"</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token macro property">err!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">WrongPassword</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"You made it! Here is your reward {0} lamports"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>ctx
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>chest_vault
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>ctx
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts
<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token constant">CHEST_REWARD</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o.........💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"..o.......💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"....o.....💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"........\\o/💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"..........\\o/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeLevelOne</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// We must specify the space in order to initialize an account.</span>
<span class="token comment">// First 8 bytes are default account discriminator,</span>
<span class="token comment">// next 1 byte come from NewAccount.data being type u8.</span>
<span class="token comment">// (u8 = 8 bits unsigned integer = 8 bytes)</span>
<span class="token comment">// You can also use the signer as seed [signer.key().as_ref()],</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init_if_needed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> new_game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// This is the PDA in which we will deposit the reward SOL and</span>
<span class="token comment">// from where we send it back to the first player reaching the chest.</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init_if_needed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">SpawnChest</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> chest_vault<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">GameDataAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ChestVaultAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MyError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Password was wrong"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">WrongPassword</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br><span class="line-number">120</span><br><span class="line-number">121</span><br><span class="line-number">122</span><br><span class="line-number">123</span><br><span class="line-number">124</span><br><span class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br><span class="line-number">138</span><br><span class="line-number">139</span><br><span class="line-number">140</span><br><span class="line-number">141</span><br><span class="line-number">142</span><br><span class="line-number">143</span><br><span class="line-number">144</span><br><span class="line-number">145</span><br><span class="line-number">146</span><br><span class="line-number">147</span><br><span class="line-number">148</span><br><span class="line-number">149</span><br><span class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br></div></div><p>Une fois le programme terminé, il est temps de le compiler et de le déployer sur Solana Playground !</p><p>Si vous utilisez Solana Playground pour la première fois, créez d'abord un portefeuille Playground et assurez-vous que vous êtes connecté au Devnet. Ensuite, exécutez <code>solana airdrop 2</code> jusqu'à ce que vous ayez 6 SOL. Une fois que vous avez suffisamment de SOL, compilez (build) et déployez (deploy) le programme.</p><h3 id="debuter-avec-le-client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#debuter-avec-le-client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Débuter avec le Client</h3><p>La section suivante vous guidera à travers une implémentation simple côté client pour interagir avec le jeu. Nous allons décomposer le code et fournir des explications détaillées pour chaque étape. Pour commencer, naviguez jusqu'au fichier <code>client.ts</code> dans Solana Playground, supprimez le code par défaut et ajoutez les extraits de code des sections suivantes.</p><p>Tout d'abord, dérivons le PDA pour le <code>GameDataAccount</code> et le <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>. Un PDA est une adresse unique au format d'une clé publique qui est dérivée de l'identifiant du programme et de seeds supplémentaires.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// The PDA adress everyone will be able to control the character if the interact with your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> anchor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">//[pg.wallet.publicKey.toBuffer()], <- You could also add the player wallet as a seed, then you would have one instance per player. Need to also change the seed in the rust part</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This is where the program will save the sol reward for the chests and from which the reward will be payed out again</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>chestVaultAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> chestBump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> anchor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"chestVault"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><p>Ensuite, nous allons appeler l'instruction <code>initializeLevelOne</code> pour initialiser les comptes <code>GameDataAccount</code> et <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// Initialize level</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">initializeLevelOne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">chestVault</span><span class="token operator">:</span> chestVaultAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">newGameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">signer</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">systemProgram</span><span class="token operator">:</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">signers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Use 'solana confirm -v </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">' to see the logs</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">My balance before spawning a chest: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>balance <span class="token operator">/</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><p>Après cela, nous utiliserons l'instruction <code>resetLevelAndSpawnChest</code> pour fixer la position du joueur à 0 et remplir le <code>ChestVaultAccount</code> avec 0.1 SOL.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// Set the player position back to 0 and pay to fill up the chest with sol</span>
txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">resetLevelAndSpawnChest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">chestVault</span><span class="token operator">:</span> chestVaultAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">gameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">payer</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">systemProgram</span><span class="token operator">:</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">signers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Use 'solana confirm -v </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">' to see the logs</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Level reset and chest spawned 💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o........💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p>Nous pouvons maintenant interagir avec le jeu en appelant l'instruction <code>moveRight</code>. Dans cet exemple, nous allons boucler cette instruction jusqu'à ce que le joueur atteigne la position lui permettant de collecter la récompense dans le <code>ChestVaultAccount</code>.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>
<span class="token comment">// Here we move to the right three times and collect the chest at the end of the level</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">moveRight</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"gib"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">chestVault</span><span class="token operator">:</span> chestVaultAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">gameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">player</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">signers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Use 'solana confirm -v </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">' to see the logs</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">My balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>balance <span class="token operator">/</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> gameDateAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>gameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fetch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
globalLevel1GameDataAccount
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player position is:"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> gameDateAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerPosition<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">switch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>gameDateAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerPosition<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A journey begins..."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o........💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"....o....💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"......o..💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".........\\o/💎"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"...........\\o/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br></div></div><p>Enfin, appuyez sur le bouton "Run" dans le Solana Playground pour exécuter le client. Si vous entrez autre chose que "gib" comme mot de passe pour l'instruction <strong><code>moveRight</code></strong>, vous rencontrerez le message d'erreur suivant lorsque vous atteindrez la position permettant de réclamer la récompense du coffre :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Error Code: WrongPassword. Error Number: 6000. Error Message: Password was wrong.
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Cependant, si vous entrez le bon mot de passe, la sortie devrait ressembler à ce qui suit :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Running client...
client.ts:
Use 'solana confirm -v CX8VWV5Jp1kXDkZrTdeeyibgZg3B3cXAzchzCfNHvJoqARSGHeEU5injypxFwiKFcHPcWFG9BeNSrqZAdENtL2t' to see the logs
My balance before spawning a chest: 6.396630254 SOL
Use 'solana confirm -v 3HwAS1RK7beL3mGoNdFYWteJXF3NdJXiEskJrHtuJ6Tu9ow67Zo3yScQBEPQyish33hP8WyuVanmq93wEFJ2LQcx' to see the logs
Level reset and chest spawned 💎
o........💎
Use 'solana confirm -v 43KnGrx5VQYd8LctsNaNqN1hg69vE6wiiTbdxTC1uM3Hasnq7ZdM9zWx4JS39AKNz2FpQr9a3ZnEA7XscEzmXQ5U' to see the logs
My balance: 6.296620254 SOL
Player position is: 1
....o....💎
Use 'solana confirm -v AGxYWDw49d4y5dLon5M42eu1qG8g2Yf7FeTr3Dpbf1uFXnMeUzp4XWmHyQP1YRNpT8acz4aTJU9f2FQpL6BSAkY' to see the logs
My balance: 6.296615254 SOL
Player position is: 2
......o..💎
Use 'solana confirm -v 5pjAU5NrS4u91QLWZTvo9aXBtR3c6g981UGSxrWDoDW5MehXnx5LnAxu4jKLp1p75RKpVSgMBgg2zHX3WDyci7AK' to see the logs
My balance: 6.396610254 SOL
Player position is: 3
.........\o/💎
...........\o/
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><p>Bravo ! Vous avez réussi à créer, déployer et interagir avec Tiny Adventure Two du côté client. Vous avez intégré une nouvelle fonctionnalité qui permet aux joueurs d'obtenir des récompenses en atteignant le coffre situé à la fin du niveau. De plus, vous avez appris à transférer des SOL à l'intérieur d'un programme Anchor en utilisant des Invocation de Programme Croisée et en modifiant directement les lamports dans les comptes.</p><p>N'hésitez pas à continuer à construire de manière indépendante et à améliorer le jeu avec des fonctionnalités supplémentaires telles que de nouveaux niveaux ou des récompenses alternatives !</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a 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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="introduction-au-gaming-sur-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#introduction-au-gaming-sur-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Introduction au gaming sur Solana</h1><p>Le secteur du gaming dans l'écosystème Solana se développe rapidement. L'utilisation de Solana peut apporter de nombreux avantages aux jeux, tels que la possibilité pour les joueurs de posséder et d'échanger leurs actifs via des NFT dans les jeux, de construire une véritable économie in-game, de créer des programmes de jeu composables et de permettre aux joueurs de se disputer des actifs de grande valeur.</p><p>Solana est conçu pour les jeux. En effet, avec un temps de bloc de 400 ms et des confirmations rapides comme l'éclair, Solana est une base de données en temps réel gratuite pour tous. Elle est ainsi parfaite pour les jeux de stratégie, les jeux de construction de villes, les jeux en tour par tour et bien d'autres encore.</p><p>Cependant, il n'est pas nécessaire de tout mettre sur la blockchain. Des intégrations plus petites utilisant des NFT qui représentent des éléments de jeu, par exemple, peuvent être facilement réalisées. Les frais de transaction sont extrêmement bas et de nombreux outils et SDK sont disponibles pour commencer à développer dès aujourd'hui. Vous pouvez créer votre jeu en <a href="https://docs.solana.com/de/developing/clients/javascript-api" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Javascript<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et Canvas, <a href="https://github.com/espresso-cash/espresso-cash-public" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Flutter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, ou utiliser l'un des SDK pour jeu sur Solana disponible pour les deux plus grands moteurs de jeu - <a href="./game-sdks">UnitySDK</a>, <a href="https://github.com/staratlasmeta/FoundationKit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">UnrealSDK<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et plus encore <a href="./game-sdks">Game SDKs</a>.</p><p>Il existe plusieurs façons d'intégrer Solana dans votre jeu :</p><ol><li>Offrir aux joueurs des objets numériques à collectionner en guise d'items de jeu ou les utiliser en tant que personnages. Consultez <a href="./nfts-in-games">Nfts dans les jeux</a></li><li>Utiliser des jetons pour des achats in-app ou des micro-paiements dans le jeu. Consultez <a href="./interact-with-tokens">utiliser des jetons</a></li><li>Utiliser le portefeuille du joueur pour l'authentifier dans le jeu. Consultez <a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#how-to-sign-and-verify-messages-with-wallets" class="">Signer un message</a></li><li>Organiser des tournois et distribuer des récompenses en crypto à vos joueurs.</li><li>Développer le jeu entièrement sur la chaîne pour récompenser vos joueurs à chaque étape qu'ils accomplissent. Commencez par <a href="./hello-world">Hello world</a></li></ol><p>Grâce à tous ces avantages, Solana devient rapidement la plateforme de référence pour les développeurs de jeux. Commencez dès aujourd'hui !</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html#sdk-unity" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="SDK Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> SDK Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html#sdk-unreal" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="SDK Unreal"><!--[--><!--]--> SDK Unreal <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html#flutter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Flutter"><!--[--><!--]--> Flutter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html#next-js-react-anchor" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Next.js/React + Anchor"><!--[--><!--]--> Next.js/React + Anchor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html#python" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Python"><!--[--><!--]--> Python <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html#c-natif" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="C# natif"><!--[--><!--]--> C# natif <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h3 id="sdk-unity" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sdk-unity" aria-hidden="true">#</a> SDK Unity</h3><p>Le moteur de jeu Unity est connu pour son utilisation adaptée aux débutants et sa prise en charge de plusieurs plateformes, notamment WebGL, IOS et Android. Il vous permet ainsi de créez une seule fois et d'exportez partout. Le SDK Unity pour Solana inclut le support des NFTs, les transactions, les fonctions RPC, les <em>Deep Links</em> de Phantom, le connecteur WebGL, le support de connexion WebSocket, l'adaptateur de portemonnaie mobile et la génération de code Anchor.</p><p><a href="https://solana.unity-sdk.gg/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentations<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br><a href="https://assetstore.unity.com/packages/decentralization/infrastructure/solana-sdk-for-unity-246931" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Liste vérifiée de l'Asset Store de Unity<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br><a href="https://github.com/Woody4618/SolPlay_Unity_SDK/tree/main/Assets/SolPlay/Examples" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exemples de jeux<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><h3 id="sdk-unreal" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sdk-unreal" aria-hidden="true">#</a> SDK Unreal</h3><p>Unreal engine est connu pour ses superbes visuels et son framework de script basé sur les nœuds. Le SDK Solana a été construit à l'origine par l'équipe de Star Atlas.</p><p><a href="https://github.com/staratlasmeta/FoundationKit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SDK Unreal de Star Atlas<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=S8fm8mFeUkk" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tutoriel<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><h3 id="flutter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#flutter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Flutter</h3><p>Flutter est un framework open source de Google qui permet de créer des applications multiplateformes compilées nativement à partir d'une seule base de code.</p><p><a href="https://github.com/espresso-cash/espresso-cash-public" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Code Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><h3 id="next-js-react-anchor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#next-js-react-anchor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Next.js/React + Anchor</h3><p>L'une des façons les plus simples de construire sur Solana est d'utiliser le framework Javascript Web3js en combinaison avec le framework Anchor. Pour des jeux plus complexes, il serait cependant préférable d'utiliser un moteur de jeu comme Unity ou Unreal. La façon la plus rapide de le configurer est la suivante :</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>npx create<span class="token operator">-</span>solana<span class="token operator">-</span>dapp your<span class="token operator">-</span>app
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Cela permettra de créer une excellente application de départ avec le support de portefeuille. L'un des avantages de l'utilisation de Next.js est que vous pouvez utiliser le même code dans le backend et dans le frontend, ce qui accélère le développement.</p><p><a href="https://github.com/espresso-cash/espresso-cash-public" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Web3Js<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br><a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/basic-transactions.html#how-to-send-sol" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Cookbook<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><h3 id="python" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#python" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Python</h3><p>Python est un langage de programmation facile à apprendre qui est souvent utilisé dans la programmation de l'intelligence artificielle. Il existe un framework appelé Seahorse qui vous permet de construire des contrats intelligents en Python.</p><p><a href="https://beta.solpg.io/tutorials/hello-seahorse" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exemple Anchor Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br><a href="https://github.com/ameliatastic/seahorse-lang" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source et Documentations<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><h3 id="c-natif" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#c-natif" aria-hidden="true">#</a> C# natif</h3><p>Le premier portage de Web3js en C#. Il inclut un grand nombre de fonctionnalités telles que les transactions, les fonctions RPC et la génération de code Anchor.</p><p><a href="https://github.com/bmresearch/Solnet/blob/master/docs/articles/getting_started.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source et Documentations<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#program-anchor" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Program Anchor"><!--[--><!--]--> Program Anchor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#creation-du-compte-du-joueur" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Création du compte du joueur"><!--[--><!--]--> Création du compte du joueur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#coupe-des-arbres" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Coupe des arbres"><!--[--><!--]--> Coupe des arbres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#calcul-de-l-energie" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Calcul de l'énergie"><!--[--><!--]--> Calcul de l'énergie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#client-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Client Js"><!--[--><!--]--> Client Js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#creer-une-connexion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Créer une connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Créer une connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#initialisation-des-donnees-du-joueur" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Initialisation des données du joueur"><!--[--><!--]--> Initialisation des données du joueur <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#s-abonner-aux-mises-a-jour-du-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="S'abonner aux mises à jour du compte"><!--[--><!--]--> S'abonner aux mises à jour du compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html#calculer-l-energie-et-afficher-le-decompte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Calculer l'énergie et afficher le décompte"><!--[--><!--]--> Calculer l'énergie et afficher le décompte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="systeme-d-energie" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#systeme-d-energie" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Système d'Energie</h1><p>Les Casual Games utilisent généralement des systèmes d'énergie, ce qui signifie que les actions effectuées dans le jeu coûtent de l'énergie qui se recharge au fil du temps. Dans ce guide, nous allons voir comment en construire un sur Solana. Il est recommandé de commencer par <a href="../gaming/hello-world">Exemple Hello World</a> si vous n'avez pas de connaissances préalables de Solana.</p><p>Voici un exemple de code source complet basé sur le <em>Solana dapp scaffold</em> avec un client react :</p><p><a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-game-starter-kits/tree/main/lumberjack" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="program-anchor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program-anchor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program Anchor</h2><p>Dans ce tutoriel, nous vous guiderons à travers le processus de création d'un programme qui recharge progressivement les réserves d'énergie du joueur au fil du temps. Cela leur permettra ensuite d'exécuter diverses actions dans le jeu. Dans notre exemple, un bûcheron coupera des arbres, chaque arbre rapportant un bois et coûtant une énergie.</p><h3 id="creation-du-compte-du-joueur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creation-du-compte-du-joueur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Création du compte du joueur</h3><p>Tout d'abord, le joueur doit créer un compte qui enregistre l'état de notre joueur. Remarquez que last_login enregistre l'horodatage Unix du joueur qui interagit avec le programme. Grâce à cet état, nous pourrons calculer la quantité d'énergie dont dispose le joueur à un moment donné. Nous disposons également d'une valeur pour la quantité de bois que le bûcheron peut transporter dans le jeu.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">init_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitPlayer</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>last_login <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitPlayer</span> <span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PlayerData</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> level<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> xp<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> wood<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> energy<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> last_login<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">i64</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><h3 id="coupe-des-arbres" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#coupe-des-arbres" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Coupe des arbres</h3><p>Ensuite, à chaque fois que le joueur appelle l'instruction <code>chop_tree</code>, nous vérifions si le joueur a assez d'énergie et le récompensons avec un bois.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code> <span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ErrorCode</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Not enough energy"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">NotEnoughEnergy</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">chop_tree</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ChopTree</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">update_energy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token macro property">err!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NotEnoughEnergy</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wood <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wood <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You chopped a tree and got 1 wood. You have {} wood and {} energy left."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wood<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><h3 id="calcul-de-l-energie" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#calcul-de-l-energie" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Calcul de l'énergie</h3><p>La partie intéressante se situe dans la fonction <code>update_energy</code>. Nous vérifions le temps écoulé et calculons l'énergie dont disposera le joueur à l'instant donné. Nous ferons de même côté client. Nous mettons à jour l'énergie au lieu de l'interroger en permanence. Il s'agit d'une technique courante dans le développement de jeux.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">i64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">60</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">update_energy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">ChopTree</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> time_passed<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">i64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>last_login<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> time_spent<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">i64</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> time_passed <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
time_passed <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
time_spent <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_ENERGY</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_ENERGY</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>last_login <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>last_login <span class="token operator">+=</span> time_spent<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><h2 id="client-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client Js</h2><p>Voici un exemple de code source complet basé sur le <em>Solana dapp scaffold</em> avec un client react : <a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-game-starter-kits/tree/main/lumberjack" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h3 id="creer-une-connexion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-une-connexion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer une connexion</h3><p>Dans le fichier Anchor.ts, nous créons une connexion :</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>Notez que le paramètre de confirmation est fixé à 'confirmed'. Cela signifie que nous attendons que les transactions soient confirmées au lieu d'être finalisées. Cela signifie que nous attendons que la super majorité du réseau déclare que la transaction est valide. Cela prend environ 400 ms et il n'y a jamais eu de transaction confirmée qui n'ait pas été finalisée. Ainsi, pour les jeux, il s'agit du paramètre de confirmation parfait.</p><h3 id="initialisation-des-donnees-du-joueur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#initialisation-des-donnees-du-joueur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Initialisation des données du joueur</h3><p>La première chose à faire est de trouver l'adresse du compte du joueur en utilisant la chaîne de caractères <code>player</code> et la clé publique du joueur comme seeds. Ensuite, nous appelons <code>initPlayer</code> pour créer le compte.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddressSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LUMBERJACK_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">initPlayer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">player</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">signer</span><span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">systemProgram</span><span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">skipPreflight</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txSig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><h3 id="s-abonner-aux-mises-a-jour-du-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#s-abonner-aux-mises-a-jour-du-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> S'abonner aux mises à jour du compte</h3><p>Vous pouvez voir ici comment obtenir les données d'un compte dans le client JS et comment s'abonner à un compte. <code>connection.onAccountChange</code> crée une connexion au nœud RPC qui transmettra au client toutes les modifications apportées au compte. Cette méthode est plus rapide que de récupérer les nouvelles données du compte après chaque modification. Nous pouvons alors utiliser <code>program.coder</code> pour décoder les données du compte et les utiliser directement dans le jeu.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token function">useEffect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddressSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LUMBERJACK_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerData<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fetch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">data</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setGameState</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
window<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">alert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"No player data found, please init!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token parameter">account</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setGameState</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>coder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"playerData"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><h3 id="calculer-l-energie-et-afficher-le-decompte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#calculer-l-energie-et-afficher-le-decompte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Calculer l'énergie et afficher le décompte</h3><p>Dans le client javascript, nous pouvons alors exécuter la même logique que dans le programme pour précalculer la quantité d'énergie dont dispose le joueur à ce moment-là et afficher un décompte pour le joueur afin qu'il sache quand la prochaine énergie sera disponible :</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token function">useEffect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> interval <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">setInterval</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>gameState <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lastLogin <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">>=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lastLoginTime <span class="token operator">=</span> gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lastLogin <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> timePassed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Date<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">now</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> lastLoginTime<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>timePassed <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span> <span class="token operator">&&</span> gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lastLogin <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">parseInt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lastLogin<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
timePassed <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setTimePassed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>timePassed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nextEnergyIn <span class="token operator">=</span> Math<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">floor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> timePassed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>nextEnergyIn <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token constant">TIME_TO_REFILL_ENERGY</span> <span class="token operator">&&</span> nextEnergyIn <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setEnergyNextIn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nextEnergyIn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setEnergyNextIn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">clearInterval</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>interval<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>gameState<span class="token punctuation">,</span> timePassed<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">...</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gameState <span class="token operator">&&</span> <span class="token operator"><</span>div className<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">"flex flex-col items-center"</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Wood: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wood <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">" Energy: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> gameState<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token string">" Next energy in: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> nextEnergyIn <span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">/</span>div<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><p>Avec cela, vous pouvez maintenant construire n'importe quel jeu basé sur un système d'énergie. Même si quelqu'un construit un bot pour le jeu, le mieux qu'il puisse faire est de jouer de manière optimale. Selon la logique de votre jeu, cela peut même être plus simple à atteindre en jouant normalement.</p><p>Ce jeu devient encore meilleur lorsqu'il est combiné avec le chapitre <a href="../gaming/interact-with-tokens">Interagir avec des jetons</a> et que vous distribuez des jetons aux joueurs.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="comment-sauvegarder-l-etat-d-un-jeu" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-sauvegarder-l-etat-d-un-jeu" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu ?</h1><p>Vous pouvez utiliser la blockchain Solana pour sauvegarder l'état de votre jeu dans des comptes de programme. Il s'agit de comptes qui appartiennent à votre programme et qui sont dérivés de l'identifiant du programme et de certaines seeds. On peut les considérer comme des entrées de base de données. Nous pouvons par exemple créer un compte PlayerData et utiliser la clé publique du joueur comme seed. Cela signifie que chaque joueur peut avoir un compte de joueur par portefeuille. Ces comptes peuvent avoir une taille maximale de 10 Ko par défaut. Si vous avez besoin d'un compte plus grand, consultez <a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/anchor-zero-copy-example" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Gérer les grands comptes<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> Cela peut être fait dans un programme comme cela :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">init_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitPlayer</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_ENERGY</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>health <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_HEALTH</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>last_login <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitPlayer</span> <span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> player<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">PlayerData</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PlayerData</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> name<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> level<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> xp<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> health<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> log<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> energy<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> last_login<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">i64</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><p>Vous pouvez ensuite interagir avec ces données par le biais d'instructions de transaction. Disons, par exemple, que nous voulons que le joueur obtienne de l'expérience en tuant un monstre :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code> <span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">kill_enemy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">KillEnemy</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> enemyId<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span> handle energy
<span class="token keyword">if</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token macro property">err!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NotEnoughEnergy</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span> get enemy values by id and calculate battle
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>xp <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>xp <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">=</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span> handle level up
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You killed enemy and got 1 xp. You have {} xp and {} energy left."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>xp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player<span class="token punctuation">.</span>energy<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><p>Voici à quoi cela ressemblerait à partir d'un client js :</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useAnchorWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> provider <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">AnchorProvider</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">setProvider</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>provider<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">IDL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> provider<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddressSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"player"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">initPlayer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">player</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">signer</span><span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">systemProgram</span><span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txSig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><p>Pour savoir comment construire ce mécanisme d'énergie, veuillez consulter le chapitre suivant : <a href="../gaming/energy-system">Construire un système d'énergie</a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#interagir-avec-un-programme-anchor-depuis-unity" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Interagir avec un programme Anchor depuis Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Interagir avec un programme Anchor depuis Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#stocker-des-sol-dans-un-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Stocker des SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stocker des SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#matchmaking-on-chain" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Matchmaking on-chain"><!--[--><!--]--> Matchmaking on-chain <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#utiliser-les-qr-codes-de-solana-pay-pour-controler-un-jeu" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Utiliser les QR codes de Solana Pay pour contrôler un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Utiliser les QR codes de Solana Pay pour contrôler un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#cacher-l-etat-du-jeu-aux-autres-joueurs" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cacher l'état du jeu aux autres joueurs"><!--[--><!--]--> Cacher l'état du jeu aux autres joueurs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#comment-construire-un-jeu-multijoueur-au-tour-par-tour" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment construire un jeu multijoueur au tour par tour"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment construire un jeu multijoueur au tour par tour <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#jeu-d-echecs-on-chain" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Jeu d'échecs on-chain"><!--[--><!--]--> Jeu d'échecs on-chain <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#jeu-multijoueurs-utilisant-un-systeme-de-vote" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Jeu multijoueurs utilisant un système de vote"><!--[--><!--]--> Jeu multijoueurs utilisant un système de vote <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#exemple-de-systeme-de-composants-d-entite" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple de système de composants d'entité"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple de système de composants d'entité <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#jeu-d-aventure-avec-la-mort-de-monstres-et-l-obtention-de-points-d-experience" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Jeu d'aventure avec la mort de monstres et l'obtention de points d'expérience"><!--[--><!--]--> Jeu d'aventure avec la mort de monstres et l'obtention de points d'expérience <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html#jeu-pvp-en-temps-reel-on-chain" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Jeu PvP en temps réel on-chain"><!--[--><!--]--> Jeu PvP en temps réel on-chain <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="jeux-solana-open-source-a-consulter-pour-l-apprentissage" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#jeux-solana-open-source-a-consulter-pour-l-apprentissage" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Jeux Solana open source à consulter pour l'apprentissage</h1><h2 id="interagir-avec-un-programme-anchor-depuis-unity" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#interagir-avec-un-programme-anchor-depuis-unity" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Interagir avec un programme Anchor depuis Unity</h2><p>Un exemple simple de déplacement d'un joueur de gauche à droite en utilisant le framework Anchor et le SDK Unity</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_vQ3bSs3svs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vidéo<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://solplay.de/TinyAdventure/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version Live<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://beta.solpg.io/Tutoriels/tiny-adventure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/Woody4618/SolPlay_Unity_SDK/tree/main/Assets/SolPlay/Examples/TinyAdventure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Client Unity<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="stocker-des-sol-dans-un-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#stocker-des-sol-dans-un-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Stocker des SOL dans un PDA</h2><p>Apprenez à stocker des SOL dans un PDA qui sert de coffre-fort et à les renvoyer à un joueur. Le backend est écrit en Anchor et le frontend utilise le SDK Unity.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gILXyWvXu7M" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vidéo<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://solplay.de/TinyAdventureTwo/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version Live<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/Woody4618/SolPlay_Unity_SDK/tree/main/Assets/SolPlay/Examples/TinyAdventureTwo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="matchmaking-on-chain" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#matchmaking-on-chain" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Matchmaking on-chain</h2><p>Un jeu de puzzle multijoueur qui utilise les stats d'un NFT pour les stats du personnage dans le jeu et dispose d'un système de matchmaking on-chain intéressant.</p><p><a href="https://deezquest.vercel.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version Live<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/val-samonte/deezquest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="utiliser-les-qr-codes-de-solana-pay-pour-controler-un-jeu" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utiliser-les-qr-codes-de-solana-pay-pour-controler-un-jeu" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utiliser les QR codes de Solana Pay pour contrôler un jeu</h2><p>Tug of war, jeu multijoueur où un compte est modifié via des QR codes de Solana Pay et qui peut être joué à plusieurs sur un grand écran. Le backend est écrit en Anchor et le frontend est en React JS et Next13.</p><p><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_XBvEHwSqJc&ab_channel=SolPlay" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tutoriel<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://tug-of-war.vercel.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exemple<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/workshops/tree/main/workshops/tug-of-war" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="cacher-l-etat-du-jeu-aux-autres-joueurs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cacher-l-etat-du-jeu-aux-autres-joueurs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cacher l'état du jeu aux autres joueurs</h2><p>Pierre feuille ciseaux, jeu où les données stockées sur la chaîne sont cachées en enregistrant un hash dans le client jusqu'à ce qu'elles soient révélées. Des jetons SPL en guise de récompense pour le gagnant.</p><p><a href="https://github.com/kevinrodriguez-io/bonk-paper-scissors" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>Un autre exemple soumis à grizzlython qui chiffre les entrées et les envoie au joueur suivant avec un chiffrement supplémentaire :</p><p><a href="https://github.com/solanaGames" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="comment-construire-un-jeu-multijoueur-au-tour-par-tour" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-construire-un-jeu-multijoueur-au-tour-par-tour" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment construire un jeu multijoueur au tour par tour</h2><p>Tic Tac toe, jeu multijoueur simple écrit en Anchor</p><p><a href="https://book.anchor-lang.com/anchor_in_depth/milestone_project_tic-tac-toe.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Tutoriel<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor-book/tree/master/programs/tic-tac-toe" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="jeu-d-echecs-on-chain" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#jeu-d-echecs-on-chain" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Jeu d'échecs on-chain</h2><p>Jeu d'échecs, jeu d'échecs complet jouable on-chain écrit en Anchor. Envoyer à quelqu'un un lien pour commencer une partie. A la recherche de contributeurs.</p><p><a href="https://chess.vicyyn.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version Live<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/vicyyn/sol-chess/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="jeu-multijoueurs-utilisant-un-systeme-de-vote" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#jeu-multijoueurs-utilisant-un-systeme-de-vote" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Jeu multijoueurs utilisant un système de vote</h2><p>Pokémon avec un système de vote, jeu où les gens votent collectivement sur les mouvements à réaliser dans un jeu de Game Boy. Chaque mouvement est stocké et peut être mint en tant que NFT.</p><p><a href="https://solana.playspokemon.xyz/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version Live<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/nelsontky/web3-plays-pokemon" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="exemple-de-systeme-de-composants-d-entite" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#exemple-de-systeme-de-composants-d-entite" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Exemple de système de composants d'entité</h2><p>Kyoudai Clash est un jeu en temps réel on-chain qui utilise le <a href="https://github.com/JumpCrypto/sol-arc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">framework Arc<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de jump crypto qui est un système de composants d'entités on-chain pour Solana.</p><p><a href="https://www.xnft.gg/app/D2i3cz9juUPLwbpi8rV2XvAnB5nEe3f8fM5YUpgVprbT" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version xNFT<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/spacemandev-git/dominari-arc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="jeu-d-aventure-avec-la-mort-de-monstres-et-l-obtention-de-points-d-experience" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#jeu-d-aventure-avec-la-mort-de-monstres-et-l-obtention-de-points-d-experience" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Jeu d'aventure avec la mort de monstres et l'obtention de points d'expérience</h2><p>Lumia online a été soumis dans le cadre d'un hackthon et constitue une belle référence pour un petit jeu d'aventure.</p><p><a href="https://www.xnft.gg/app/D2i3cz9juUPLwbpi8rV2XvAnB5nEe3f8fM5YUpgVprbT" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Version xNFT<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/spacemandev-git/dominari-arc" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="jeu-pvp-en-temps-reel-on-chain" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#jeu-pvp-en-temps-reel-on-chain" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Jeu PvP en temps réel on-chain</h2><p>SolHunter, jeu de bataille royale sur Solana en temps réel. Il utilise un programme Anchor, le SDK Unity et une souscription WebSocket à un compte. Dans ce jeu, les joueurs peuvent faire apparaître leurs personnages représentés par l'un de leurs NFT sur une grille et se déplacer. Si un joueur touche un autre joueur ou un coffre, il récupère ses SOL. La grille est représentée par un tableau à deux dimensions dans lequel chaque case stocke la clé publique du portefeuille du joueur et la clé publique du NFT.</p><p><a href="https://solplay.de/SolHunter/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exemple<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/Woody4618/SolPlay_Unity_SDK/tree/main/Assets/SolPlay/Examples/SolHunter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Source<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#commencez-votre-premier-jeu-solana" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Commencez votre premier jeu Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Commencez votre premier jeu Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#tiny-adventure" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Tiny Adventure"><!--[--><!--]--> Tiny Adventure <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#pour-commencer" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pour commencer"><!--[--><!--]--> Pour commencer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#definition-du-compte-de-donnees-du-jeu" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Définition du Compte de Données du Jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Définition du Compte de Données du Jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#instruction-d-initialisation" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction d'Initialisation"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction d'Initialisation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-gauche" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction de Déplacement vers la Gauche"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction de Déplacement vers la Gauche <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-droite" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instruction de Déplacement vers la Droite"><!--[--><!--]--> Instruction de Déplacement vers la Droite <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#compilation-et-deploiement" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Compilation et Déploiement"><!--[--><!--]--> Compilation et Déploiement <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#debuter-avec-le-client" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Débuter avec le Client"><!--[--><!--]--> Débuter avec le Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html#que-faire-a-partir-de-maintenant" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Que faire à partir de maintenant ?"><!--[--><!--]--> Que faire à partir de maintenant ? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="creer-un-jeu-on-chain-sur-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-un-jeu-on-chain-sur-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer un jeu on-chain sur Solana</h1><h2 id="commencez-votre-premier-jeu-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#commencez-votre-premier-jeu-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Commencez votre premier jeu Solana</h2><p>Guide vidéo:</p><div class="video-block"><iframe width="320" height="200" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/_vQ3bSs3svs" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe></div><p>Version live. (utilisez le devnet dans la version intégrée)</p><iframe height="400" scrolling="no" title="OZXQWp" src="https://solplay.de/TinyAdventure/index.html" frameborder="no" allowtransparency="true" allowfullscreen="true" style="width:80%;">
</iframe><h2 id="tiny-adventure" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tiny-adventure" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tiny Adventure</h2><p>Tiny Adventure est un programme Solana dont l'utilisation est adaptée aux débutants et créé à l'aide du framework Anchor. L'objectif de ce programme est de vous montrer comment créer un jeu simple qui permet aux joueurs de connaître leur position et de se déplacer vers la gauche ou vers la droite.</p><p>Le programme Tiny Adventure comprend seulement 3 instructions :</p><ul><li><code>initialize</code> - Cette instruction crée un compte sur la chaîne pour stocker la position du joueur</li><li><code>move_left</code> - Cette instruction permet au joueur de se déplacer vers la gauche</li><li><code>move_right</code> - Cette instruction permet au joueur de se déplacer vers la droite</li></ul><p>Dans les sections suivantes, nous allons suivre le processus de construction de ce jeu étape par étape. Vous pouvez trouver le code source complet, prêt à être déployé à partir de votre navigateur, dans cet <a href="https://beta.solpg.io/tutorials/tiny-adventure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">exemple Solana Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Si vous avez besoin de vous familiariser avec le framework Anchor, n'hésitez pas à consulter le module Anchor de <a href="https://www.soldev.app/course" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour commencer.</p><h3 id="pour-commencer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pour-commencer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pour commencer</h3><p>Pour commencer à créer le jeu Tiny Adventure, suivez les étapes suivantes :</p><p>Visiter le <a href="https://beta.solpg.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Playground<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et créer un nouveau projet Anchor. Si vous êtes nouveau sur Solana Playground, vous devrez également créer un portefeuille Playground. Voici un exemple d'utilisation de Solana Playground :</p><p><img src="/assets/solpg.486fd175.gif" alt="solpg.gif"></p><p>Après avoir créé un nouveau projet, remplacez le code par défaut par le code ci-dessous :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"11111111111111111111111111111111"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o......."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"..o....."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"....o..."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"........\\o/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><p>Dans ce jeu, le joueur commence à la position 0 et peut se déplacer à gauche ou à droite. Pour montrer la progression du joueur tout au long du jeu, nous utiliserons des journaux de messages.</p><h3 id="definition-du-compte-de-donnees-du-jeu" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#definition-du-compte-de-donnees-du-jeu" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Définition du Compte de Données du Jeu</h3><p>La première étape de la création du jeu consiste à définir une structure pour le compte qui stockera la position du joueur sur la chaîne.</p><p>La structure <code>GameDataAccount</code> contient un seul champ, <code>player_position</code>, qui stocke la position actuelle du joueur sous la forme d'un entier non signé de 8 bits.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"11111111111111111111111111111111"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Define the Game Data Account structure</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">GameDataAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><h3 id="instruction-d-initialisation" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-d-initialisation" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction d'Initialisation</h3><p>Après avoir défini le compte du programme, implémentons l'instruction <code>initialize</code>. Cette instruction initialise <code>GameDataAccount</code> s'il n'existe pas déjà, fixe <code>player_position</code> à 0, et affiche quelques journaux de messages.</p><p>L'instruction <code>initialize</code> nécessite 3 comptes :</p><ul><li><code>new_game_data_account</code> - le <code>GameDataAccount</code> que nous initialisons</li><li><code>signer</code> - le joueur qui paie pour l'initialisation de <code>GameDataAccount</code></li><li><code>system_program</code> - compte obligatoire lors de la création d'un nouveau compte</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction to initialize GameDataAccount and set position to 0</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Initialize</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>new_game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o......."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Specify the accounts required by the initialize instruction</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Initialize</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init_if_needed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> new_game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><p>Dans cet exemple, une Adresse Dérivée de Programme (PDA) est utilisée pour l'adresse <code>GameDataAccount</code>. Cela nous permet de retrouver l'adresse de manière déterministe par la suite. Il est important de noter que le PDA de cet exemple est généré avec une seule valeur fixe comme seed (<code>level1</code>), ce qui limite notre programme à la création d'un seul <code>GameDataAccount</code>. La contrainte <code>init_if_need</code> assure que <code>GameDataAccount</code> est initialisé seulement s'il n'existe pas déjà.</p><p>Il est intéressant de noter que l'implémentation actuelle n'a aucune restriction sur qui peut modifier <code>GameDataAccount</code>. Cela transforme le jeu en une expérience multijoueur où chacun peut contrôler les mouvements du joueur.</p><p>Sinon, vous pouvez utiliser l'adresse du signataire comme une seed supplémentaire dans l'instruction <code>initialize</code>, ce qui permettrait à chaque joueur de créer son propre <code>GameDataAccount</code>.</p><h3 id="instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-gauche" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-gauche" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction de Déplacement vers la Gauche</h3><p>Maintenant que nous savons initialiser <code>GameDataAccount</code>, implémentons l'instruction <code>move_left</code>. Celle-ci permet à un joueur de mettre à jour sa <code>player_position</code>. Dans cet exemple, se déplacer vers la gauche signifie simplement décrémenter <code>player_position</code> de 1. La position minimale est également fixée à 0.</p><p>Le seul compte nécessaire pour cette instruction est <code>GameDataAccount</code>.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction to move left</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">move_left</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MoveLeft</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> game_data_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You are back at the start."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Specify the account required by the move_left instruction</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MoveLeft</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><h3 id="instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-droite" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instruction-de-deplacement-vers-la-droite" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instruction de Déplacement vers la Droite</h3><p>Enfin, implémentons l'instruction <code>move_right</code>. De la même manière, se déplacer vers la droite signifie simplement incrémenter <code>player_position</code> de 1. Nous fixons également la position maximale à 3.</p><p>Comme précédemment, le seul compte nécessaire pour cette instruction est <code>GameDataAccount</code>.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction to move right</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">move_right</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> game_data_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Specify the account required by the move_right instruction</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">...</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><h3 id="compilation-et-deploiement" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compilation-et-deploiement" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compilation et Déploiement</h3><p>Nous avons maintenant terminé le programme Tiny Adventure ! Votre programme final devrait ressembler à ce qui suit :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This is your program's public key and it will update</span>
<span class="token comment">// automatically when you build the project.</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BouPBVWkdVHbxsdzqeMwkjqd5X67RX5nwMEwxn8MDpor"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tiny_adventure</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Initialize</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>new_game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o......."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">move_left</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MoveLeft</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> game_data_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You are back at the start."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">-=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">move_right</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> game_data_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">=</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">print_player</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A Journey Begins!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o......."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"..o....."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"....o..."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> player_position <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"........\\o/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"You have reached the end! Super!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Initialize</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init_if_needed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> new_game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MoveLeft</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MoveRight</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> game_data_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">GameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">GameDataAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
player_position<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br></div></div><p>Une fois le programme terminé, il est temps de le compiler et de le déployer sur Solana Playground !</p><p>Si vous utilisez Solana Playground pour la première fois, créez d'abord un portefeuille Playground et assurez-vous que vous êtes connecté au Devnet. Ensuite, exécutez <code>solana airdrop 2</code> jusqu'à ce que vous ayez 6 SOL. Une fois que vous avez suffisamment de SOL, compilez (build) et déployez (deploy) le programme.</p><h3 id="debuter-avec-le-client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#debuter-avec-le-client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Débuter avec le Client</h3><p>La section suivante vous guidera à travers une implémentation simple côté client pour interagir avec le jeu. Nous allons décomposer le code et fournir des explications détaillées pour chaque étape. Dans Solana Playground, naviguez jusqu'au fichier <code>client.ts</code> et ajoutez les extraits de code des sections suivantes.</p><p>Tout d'abord, dérivons le PDA pour le <code>GameDataAccount</code>. Un PDA est une adresse unique au format d'une clé publique qui est dérivée de l'identifiant du programme et de seeds supplémentaires. N'hésitez pas à consulter les cours sur les PDAs de <a href="https://www.soldev.app/course" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour plus de détails.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// The PDA adress everyone will be able to control the character if the interact with your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> anchor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>Ensuite, essayons de récupérer le compte de données du jeu en utilisant le PDA de l'étape précédente. Si le compte n'existe pas, nous le créerons en invoquant l'instruction <code>initialize</code> de notre programme.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> txHash<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> gameDateAccount<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">try</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
gameDateAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>gameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fetch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
globalLevel1GameDataAccount
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">catch</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check if the account is already initialized, other wise initialize it</span>
txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">initialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">newGameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">signer</span><span class="token operator">:</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">systemProgram</span><span class="token operator">:</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">signers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Use 'solana confirm -v </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">' to see the logs</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A journey begins..."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o........"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><p>Nous sommes maintenant prêts à interagir avec le jeu en nous déplaçant vers la gauche ou la droite. Pour ce faire, il suffit d'invoquer les instructions <code>moveLeft</code> ou <code>moveRight</code> du programme et de soumettre une transaction au réseau Solana. Vous pouvez répéter cette étape autant de fois que vous le souhaitez.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// Here you can play around now, move left and right</span>
txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>methods
<span class="token comment">//.moveLeft()</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">moveRight</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">gameDataAccount</span><span class="token operator">:</span> globalLevel1GameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">signers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">rpc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Use 'solana confirm -v </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">' to see the logs</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txHash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
gameDateAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> pg<span class="token punctuation">.</span>program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>gameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fetch</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
globalLevel1GameDataAccount
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Player position is:"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> gameDateAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerPosition<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><p>Enfin, utilisons une instruction <code>switch</code> pour afficher la position du personnage en fonction de la valeur <code>playerPosition</code> stockée dans <code>gameDateAccount</code>. Il s'agit d'une représentation visuelle des mouvements du personnage dans le jeu.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">switch</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>gameDateAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>playerPosition<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A journey begins..."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"o........"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"....o...."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"......o.."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">case</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token operator">:</span>
console<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".........\\o/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><p>Enfin, exécutez le client en cliquant sur le bouton "Run" dans Solana Playground. Le résultat devrait être similaire à ce qui suit :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>Running client...
client.ts:
My address: 8ujtDmwpkQ4Bp4GU4zUWmzf65sc21utdcxFAELESca22
My balance: 4.649749614 SOL
Use 'solana confirm -v 4MRXEWfGqvmro1KsKb94Zz8qTZsPa9x99oMFbLBz2WicLnr8vdYYsQwT5u3pK5Vt1i9BDrVH5qqTXwtif6sCRJCy' to see the logs
Player position is: 1
....o....
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>Félicitations ! Vous avez réussi à créer, déployer et invoquer le jeu Tiny Adventure à partir du client. Pour mieux comprendre, regardez cette [démo] (https://nextjs-tiny-adventure.vercel.app/) qui montre comment interagir avec le programme Tiny Adventure par le biais d'un frontend Next.js.</p><h3 id="que-faire-a-partir-de-maintenant" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#que-faire-a-partir-de-maintenant" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Que faire à partir de maintenant ?</h3><p>Une fois le jeu de base terminé, libérez votre créativité et exercez-vous à construire de manière indépendante en mettant en œuvre vos propres idées pour enrichir l'expérience de jeu. Voici quelques suggestions :</p><ol><li>Modifier les textes du jeu pour créer une histoire intrigante, inviter un ami à jouer à votre récit personnalisé et observer les transactions de la chaîne au fur et à mesure qu'elles se déroulent !</li><li>Ajouter un coffre qui récompense les joueurs avec des <a href="./store-sol-in-pda">récompenses en SOL</a> ou laisser le joueur collecter des pièces (cf. <a href="./interact-with-tokens">Interagir avec des jetons</a>) au fur et à mesure qu'il progresse dans le jeu.</li><li>Créer une grille qui permette au joueur de se déplacer vers le haut, le bas, la gauche et la droite, et introduiser plusieurs joueurs pour une expérience plus dynamique.</li></ol><p>Dans le prochain chapitre, <a href="./store-sol-in-pda">Tiny Adventure Two</a>, nous apprendrons à stocker des SOL dans le programme et à en distribuer aux joueurs sous forme de récompenses.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a 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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html#creation-du-client" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Création du client"><!--[--><!--]--> Création du client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html#creation-de-la-transaction-dans-unity-c" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Création de la transaction dans Unity C#"><!--[--><!--]--> Création de la transaction dans Unity C# <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="portage-d-un-programme-vers-unity" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#portage-d-un-programme-vers-unity" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Portage d'un programme vers Unity</h1><p>Lorsque vous avez écrit un programme Solana, vous souhaitez peut-être l'utiliser dans le moteur de jeu Unity. Heureusement, il existe un générateur de code qui vous permet de porter un IDL anchor (une représentation json d'un programme solana) en C#.</p><h2 id="creation-du-client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creation-du-client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Création du client</h2><p>En utilisant Anchor, vous pourrez générer un fichier IDL qui est une représentation JSON de votre programme. Cet IDL permet de générer différents clients. Par exemple, JS ou C# pour Unity. <br><a href="https://github.com/magicblock-labs/Solana.Unity.Anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Convertisseur IDL vers C#<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><p>Ces deux lignes génèrent un client C# pour le jeu.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code>dotnet tool install Solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Unity<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Anchor<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Tool
dotnet anchorgen <span class="token operator">-</span>i idl<span class="token operator">/</span>file<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json <span class="token operator">-</span>o src<span class="token operator">/</span>ProgramCode<span class="token punctuation">.</span>cs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>Vous obtiendrez ainsi une représentation C# de votre programme, qui vous permettra de désérialiser les données et de créer facilement des instructions du programme.</p><h2 id="creation-de-la-transaction-dans-unity-c" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creation-de-la-transaction-dans-unity-c" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Création de la transaction dans Unity C#</h2><p>Dans le moteur de jeu Unity, nous pouvons utiliser le <a href="https://assetstore.unity.com/packages/decentralization/infrastructure/solana-sdk-for-unity-246931" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SDK Solana Unity<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour interagir avec le programme.</p><ol><li><p>Tout d'abord, nous trouvons l'adresse du compte de données de jeu stocké sur la chaîne avec TryFindProgramAddress. Nous devons transmettre ce compte à la transaction pour que le runtime de Solana sache que nous voulons changer ce compte.</p></li><li><p>Nous utilisons ensuite le client généré pour créer une instruction MoveRight.</p></li><li><p>Nous récupérons ensuite un hash de bloc en le demandant à un nœud RPC. Cela est nécessaire pour que Solana sache combien de temps la transaction sera valable.</p></li><li><p>Ensuite, nous définissons le payeur des frais comme étant le portefeuille du joueur.</p></li><li><p>Nous ajoutons ensuite l'instruction MoveRight à la transaction. Nous pouvons également ajouter plusieurs instructions à une seule transaction si nécessaire.</p></li><li><p>La transaction est ensuite signée et envoyée au nœud RPC pour traitement. Solana propose différents niveaux d'engagement (Commitment). Si nous fixons le niveau d'engagement à <em>Confirmed</em> nous pourrons obtenir le nouvel état dans les 500ms prochaines.</p></li><li><p><a href="https://github.com/Woody4618/SolPlay_Unity_SDK/tree/main/Assets/SolPlay/Examples/TinyAdventure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Code source en C# complet<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p></li></ol><div class="language-c ext-c line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-c"><code>public async <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">MoveRight</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">TryFindProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Encoding<span class="token punctuation">.</span>UTF8<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">GetBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"level1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ProgramId<span class="token punctuation">,</span> out gameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> out var bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
MoveRightAccounts account <span class="token operator">=</span> new <span class="token function">MoveRightAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>GameDataAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> gameDataAccount<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
TransactionInstruction moveRightInstruction <span class="token operator">=</span> TinyAdventureProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">MoveRight</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ProgramId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
var walletHolderService <span class="token operator">=</span> ServiceFactory<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Resolve<span class="token operator"><</span>WalletHolderService<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
var result <span class="token operator">=</span> await walletHolderService<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BaseWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ActiveRpcClient<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">GetRecentBlockHashAsync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Commitment<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Transaction transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> new <span class="token function">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>FeePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> walletHolderService<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BaseWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>RecentBlockHash <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Result<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Blockhash<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Signatures <span class="token operator">=</span> new List<span class="token operator"><</span>SignaturePubKeyPair<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Instructions <span class="token operator">=</span> new List<span class="token operator"><</span>TransactionInstruction<span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Instructions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>moveRightInstruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Transaction signedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> await walletHolderService<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BaseWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">SignTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
RequestResult<span class="token operator"><</span>string<span class="token operator">></span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> await walletHolderService<span class="token punctuation">.</span>BaseWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>ActiveRpcClient<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">SendTransactionAsync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Convert<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ToBase64String</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signedTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
true<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Commitment<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item 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Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><p>WIP - This is a work in progress</p><h1 id="how-to-auto-approve-transaction-for-fast-game-play-and-great-ux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-auto-approve-transaction-for-fast-game-play-and-great-ux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to auto approve transaction for fast game play and great ux</h1><p>To have a fluid game play for on-chain games it is beneficial to have an auto approve wallet.</p><ol><li>Solflare wallet offers auto-approve functionality with burner wallets, but this limits your players to only one wallet.</li></ol><p><a href="https://twitter.com/solflare_wallet/status/1625950688709644324" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Burner Auto Approve Wallets<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><ol start="2"><li>Another way to do it is to create a key pair in your game and let the player transfer some sol to that wallet and then use it to pay for transaction fees. Only problem with this is that you need to handle the security for this wallet and the players would need to have access to their seed phrase.</li></ol><p><a href="https://github.com/Woody4618/SolPlay_Unity_SDK/blob/main/Assets/SolPlay/Scripts/Services/WalletHolderService.cs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Example Source Code<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br><a href="https://solplay.de/SolHunter/index.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Example Game<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a><br></p><ol start="3"><li><p>You can pay the fees yourself, by creating and signing the transactions in the backend and interact with it via an API. For that you send parameters to your backend and sign the transaction there and send a confirmation to the client as soon as it is done.</p></li><li><p>There is a protocol called @gumisfunn and they released a feature called session keys. Session Keys are ephemeral keys with fine-grained program/instruction scoping for tiered access in your @solana programs. They allow users to interact with apps under particular parameters like duration, max tokens, amount of posts or any other function specific to an app. <a href="https://twitter.com/gumisfunn/status/1642898237395972097?s=20" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Link<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p></li></ol><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><!----><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item active collapsible">Gaming <span class="down arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html#plateformes-de-publication" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Plateformes de publication"><!--[--><!--]--> Plateformes de publication <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="distribution" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#distribution" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Distribution</h1><p>La distribution de votre jeu dépend fortement de la plateforme que vous utilisez. Avec Solana, il existe des SDK de jeux que vous pouvez créer pour IOS, Android, Web, Windows ou Mac. En utilisant le SDK Unity, vous pourriez même, en théorie, connecter une Nintendo Switch ou une Xbox à Solana. De nombreuses sociétés de jeux adoptent une stratégie axée sur le mobile puisque de nombreuses personnes possèdent un téléphone portable dans le monde. Développer sur mobile s'accompagne toutefois de ses propres complications, c'est pourquoi vous devez choisir ce qui convient le mieux pour votre jeu.</p><p>Solana a une longueur d'avance sur les autres blockchains grâce à son téléphone portable crypto-natif, appelé Saga, qui est équipé d'un dApps Store innovant. Celui-ci permet la distribution de jeux crypto sans les limitations imposées par les app stores traditionnels tels que Google ou Apple.</p><h2 id="plateformes-de-publication" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#plateformes-de-publication" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Plateformes de publication</h2><p>Plateformes où vous pouvez héberger vos jeux</p><table><thead><tr><th>Plateforme</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><a href="https://www.fractal.is/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Fractal<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td><td>Une plateforme de publication de jeux qui prend en charge Solana et Ethereum. Ils disposent également de leur propre portefeuille et de leur propre gestion de compte, ainsi que d'un SDK qui permet de gérer les meilleurs scores et les tournois.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://elixir.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Elixir<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td><td>Plateforme de jeux web3 offrant également un launcher pour PC</td></tr><tr><td>Auto-hébergement</td><td>Hébergez vous-même votre jeu. Par exemple en utilisant <a href="https://vercel.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Vercel<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> qui peut être facilement configuré pour qu'une nouvelle version soit déployée dès que vous l'envoyez à votre répertoire GitHub. D'autres options sont les <a href="https://pages.github.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">pages GitHub<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> ou <a href="https://firebase.google.com/docs/hosting" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Google Firebase<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://github.com/solana-mobile/dapp-publishing/blob/main/README.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">DApp Store de Solana mobile<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td><td>L'alternative Solana à Google Play et à l'App Store d'Apple. Une première version crypto d'un dApp store, open source et libre d'utilisation par tous.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://www.apple.com/de/app-store/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">App Store d'Apple<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td><td>L'App Store d'Apple a une grande portée et jouit de la confiance de ses clients. La barrière d'entrée pour les jeux crypto est toutefois élevée. Les règles sont très strictes pour tout ce qui tente de contourner les frais prélevés par Apple pour les achats d'applications. Par exemple, dès qu'un NFT offre des avantages au joueur, Apple exige que vous l'achetiez via son système d'achat d'applications.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://play.google.com/store/games" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Google Play Store<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td><td>Google est beaucoup plus favorable aux cryptomonnaies et aux jeux intégrant, par exemple, des NFT et des <em>Deep Links</em> vers des portefeuilles. Ainsi des jeux ont déjà été approuvés par le Play Store.</td></tr><tr><td><a href="https://www.backpack.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">xNFT Backpack<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></td><td>Backpack est un portefeuille Solana qui vous permet de publier des applications sous forme de xNFTs. Ils apparaissent dans le portefeuille des utilisateurs dès qu'ils les achètent en tant qu'applications. Le SDK Unity possède un export vers xNFT et toute autre application web peut être également publiée en xNFT.</td></tr><tr><td></td><td></td></tr></tbody></table><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a 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href="/fr/references/staking.html#obtenir-les-delegues-par-validateurs" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les Délégués par Validateurs"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les Délégués par Validateurs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/staking.html#desactiver-le-stake" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Désactiver le Stake"><!--[--><!--]--> Désactiver le Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/staking.html#retirer-le-stake" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Retirer le Stake"><!--[--><!--]--> Retirer le Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="staking" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#staking" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Staking</h1><h2 id="obtenir-les-validateurs-actuels" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtenir-les-validateurs-actuels" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtenir les Validateurs Actuels</h2><p>Il est possible de staker des SOL et d'obtenir des récompenses en aidant à sécuriser le réseau. Pour staker, nous déléguons les SOL à des validateurs qui, à leur tour, traitent les transactions.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get all validators, categorized by current (i.e. active) and deliquent (i.e. inactive)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delinquent <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"current validators: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"all validators: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">concat</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>delinquent<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana validators
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="creer-un-compte-de-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-un-compte-de-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer un Compte de Stake</h2><p>Toutes les instructions de staking sont traitées par le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#stake-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme de Stake (Stake Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Pour commencer, nous créons un <a href="https://docs.solana.com/staking/stake-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Compte de Stake (Stake Account)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> qui est créé et géré différemment d'un <a href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-cr%C3%A9er-un-compte-de-syst%C3%A8me" class="">compte système (system account)</a> standard. En particulier, nous devons définir la <code>Stake Authority</code> (Autorité de Stake) et la <code>Withdrawal Authority</code> (Autorité de Retrait) du compte.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="deleguer-un-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deleguer-un-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Déléguer un Stake</h2><p>Une fois qu'un compte de stake est alimenté, la <code>Stake Authority</code> peut le déléguer à un validateur. Chaque compte de stake ne peut être délégué qu'à un seul validateur à la fois. De plus, tous les jetons du compte doivent être soit délégués, soit non-délégués. Une fois délégué, il faut plusieurs époques pour qu'un compte de stake devienne actif.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> validators <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidator <span class="token operator">=</span> validators<span class="token punctuation">.</span>current<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>selectedValidator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>votePubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="obtenir-les-delegues-par-validateurs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtenir-les-delegues-par-validateurs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtenir les Délégués par Validateurs</h2><p>Plusieurs comptes peuvent avoir staké sur un compte validateur en particulier. Pour récupérer tous les stakers, nous allons utiliser l'API <code>getProgramAccounts</code> ou <code>getParsedProgramAccounts</code>. Reportez-vous à la <a href="/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="">section des guides</a> pour plus d'informations. Les comptes de stake ont une longueur de 200 bytes et la clé publique de l'électeur commence à 124 octets. <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/e960634909a9617fb98d5d836c9c4c5e0d9d59cc/sdk/program/src/stake/state.rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Référence<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">124</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Total number of delegators found for </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> is: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Sample delegator:</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111:
Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
Sample delegator:
{
"account": {
"data": {
"parsed": {
"info": {
"meta": {
"authorized": {
"staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
"withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
},
"lockup": {
"custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
"epoch": 0,
"unixTimestamp": 1822867200
},
"rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
},
"stake": {
"creditsObserved": 58685367,
"delegation": {
"activationEpoch": "208",
"deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
"stake": "433005300621",
"voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
"warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
}
}
},
"type": "delegated"
},
"program": "stake",
"space": 200
},
"executable": false,
"lamports": 433012149261,
"owner": {
"_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
},
"rentEpoch": 264
},
"pubkey": {
"_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">124</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Total number of delegators found for </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> is: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Sample delegator:</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111:
Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
Sample delegator:
{
"account": {
"data": {
"parsed": {
"info": {
"meta": {
"authorized": {
"staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
"withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
},
"lockup": {
"custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
"epoch": 0,
"unixTimestamp": 1822867200
},
"rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
},
"stake": {
"creditsObserved": 58685367,
"delegation": {
"activationEpoch": "208",
"deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
"stake": "433005300621",
"voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
"warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
}
}
},
"type": "delegated"
},
"program": "stake",
"space": 200
},
"executable": false,
"lamports": 433012149261,
"owner": {
"_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
},
"rentEpoch": 264
},
"pubkey": {
"_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
}
}
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="desactiver-le-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#desactiver-le-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Désactiver le Stake</h2><p>À tout moment après la délégation d'un compte de stake, la <code>Stake Authority</code> peut choisir de désactiver le compte. La désactivation peut prendre plusieurs époques pour s'achever, et elle est nécessaire avant le retrait de tout SOL.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> validators <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidator <span class="token operator">=</span> validators<span class="token punctuation">.</span>current<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>selectedValidator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>votePubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
deactivateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
deactivateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="retirer-le-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#retirer-le-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Retirer le Stake</h2><p>Une fois désactivé, la <code>Withdrawal Authority</code> peut retirer les SOL sur un compte système. Lorsqu'un compte de stake n'est plus délégué et que son solde est de 0 SOL, il est effectivement détruit.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> validators <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidator <span class="token operator">=</span> validators<span class="token punctuation">.</span>current<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>selectedValidator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>votePubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
deactivateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withdraw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeBalance<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> withdrawTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>withdrawTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0</span>
stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withdraw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeBalance<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> withdrawTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>withdrawTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0</span>
stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-generer-une-nouvelle-paire-de-cles" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment générer une nouvelle Paire de Clés"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment générer une nouvelle Paire de Clés <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-restaurer-une-paire-de-cles-a-partir-d-une-cle-privee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment restaurer une Paire de clés à partir d'une clé privée"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment restaurer une Paire de clés à partir d'une clé privée <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-verifier-une-paire-de-cles" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment vérifier une Paire de Clés"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment vérifier une Paire de Clés <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-verifier-si-une-cle-publique-a-une-cle-privee-associee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment vérifier si une clé publique a une clé privée associée"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment vérifier si une clé publique a une clé privée associée <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-generer-une-phrase-mnemonique" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment générer une phrase mnémonique"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment générer une phrase mnémonique <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-restaurer-une-paire-de-cles-a-partir-d-une-phrase-mnemonique" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment restaurer une paire de clés à partir d'une phrase mnémonique"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment restaurer une paire de clés à partir d'une phrase mnémonique <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-generer-une-adresse-personnalisee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment générer une adresse personnalisée"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment générer une adresse personnalisée <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-signer-et-verifier-des-messages-avec-les-portefeuilles" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment signer et vérifier des messages avec les portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment signer et vérifier des messages avec les portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#comment-se-connecter-a-un-portefeuille" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment se connecter à un portefeuille"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment se connecter à un portefeuille <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#react" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="React"><!--[--><!--]--> React <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#vue" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Vue"><!--[--><!--]--> Vue <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#svelte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Svelte"><!--[--><!--]--> Svelte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="paires-de-cles-keypair-et-portefeuilles" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#paires-de-cles-keypair-et-portefeuilles" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Paires de Clés (Keypair) et Portefeuilles</h1><h2 id="comment-generer-une-nouvelle-paire-de-cles" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-generer-une-nouvelle-paire-de-cles" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment générer une nouvelle Paire de Clés</h2><p>La plupart des actions que vous pouvez effectuer avec les diverses bibliothèques de Solana nécessitent une Paire de Clés ou un Portefeuille. Si vous vous connectez à un portefeuille, vous n'avez pas à vous inquiéter. Cependant, si vous avez besoin d'une paire de clés, vous devrez en générer une.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ generate_keypair.cpp -o generate_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"public_key = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ solana-keygen new
<span class="token comment"># pubkey: 9ZNTfG4NyQgxy2SWjSiQoUyBPEvXT2xo7fKc5hPYYJ7b</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen new
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-restaurer-une-paire-de-cles-a-partir-d-une-cle-privee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-restaurer-une-paire-de-cles-a-partir-d-une-cle-privee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment restaurer une Paire de clés à partir d'une clé privée</h2><p>Si vous disposez déjà de votre clé privée, vous pouvez générer une Paire de Clés à partir de celle-ci pour tester votre dApp.</p><ol><li>À partir des Bytes</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
secret_key<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>secret_key<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ keypair_from_seed.cpp -o keypair_from_seed -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> secret_key<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> secret_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created keypair: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> secret_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># input your secret into the Keypath listed under solana config get</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># input your secret into the Keypath listed under solana config get</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>À partir de la chaîne de caractères Base58</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
b58_string <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span>b58_string<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>b58_string <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span>b58_string<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_base58_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created keypair: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_base58_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-verifier-une-paire-de-cles" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-verifier-une-paire-de-cles" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment vérifier une Paire de Clés</h2><p>Si on vous donne une paire de clés, vous pouvez vérifier si, oui ou non, la clé privée correspond à la clé publique donnée</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> publicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// true</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> publicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// true</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keys <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keys<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># True</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keys <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keys<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># True</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ verify_keypair.cpp -o verify_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>PublicKey public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen verify <span class="token operator"><</span>PUBKEY<span class="token operator">></span> prompt://
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen verify <span class="token operator"><</span>PUBKEY<span class="token operator">></span> prompt://
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-verifier-si-une-cle-publique-a-une-cle-privee-associee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-verifier-si-une-cle-publique-a-une-cle-privee-associee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment vérifier si une clé publique a une clé privée associée</h2><p>Dans certains cas particuliers (par exemple, une Adresse Dérivée d'un Programme), les clés publiques peuvent ne pas être associées à une clé privée. Vous pouvez le vérifier en regardant si la clé publique se trouve sur la courbe ed25519. Seules les clés publiques qui se trouvent sur la courbe peuvent être contrôlées par les utilisateurs possédant un portefeuille.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note that Keypair.generate() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isOnCurve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> offCurveAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isOnCurve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>offCurveAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> errorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"testPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Is not a valid public key</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isOnCurve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token comment"># Note that Keypair() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>
key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Valid public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_on_curve<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>
off_curve_address <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Valid public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>off_curve_address<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_on_curve<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>
error_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"testPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment"># Is not a valid public key</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_on_curve<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><solana_sdk.h></span></span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note that Keypair::new() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> off_curve_address <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> off_curve_address<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> error_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"testPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Is not a valid public key</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-generer-une-phrase-mnemonique" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-generer-une-phrase-mnemonique" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment générer une phrase mnémonique</h2><p>Si vous créez un portefeuille, vous devrez générer une phrase mnémonique afin que l'utilisateur puisse l'enregistrer comme sauvegarde de secours.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bip39 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bip39"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generateMnemonic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generateMnemonic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> mnemonic <span class="token keyword">import</span> Mnemonic
mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
words <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>generate<span class="token punctuation">(</span>strength<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">256</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
words <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>generate<span class="token punctuation">(</span>strength<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">256</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen new
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen new
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-restaurer-une-paire-de-cles-a-partir-d-une-phrase-mnemonique" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-restaurer-une-paire-de-cles-a-partir-d-une-phrase-mnemonique" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment restaurer une paire de clés à partir d'une phrase mnémonique</h2><p>De nombreuses extensions de portefeuilles utilisent des mnémoniques pour représenter leurs clés privées. Vous pouvez convertir le mnémonique en Paires de Clés pour des tests locaux.</p><ol><li>BIP39 - création d'un portefeuille unique</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bip39 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bip39"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 5ZWj7a1f8tWkjBESHKgrLmXshuXxqeY9SYcfbshpAqPG</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> mnemonic <span class="token keyword">import</span> Mnemonic
mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
seed <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>to_seed<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
seed <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>to_seed<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>BIP44 (portefeuilles multiples, également appelés HD wallets)</li></ol><p>Vous pouvez créer plusieurs portefeuilles à partir d'une seule seed, également appelés "Portefeuilles Déterministes Hiérarchiques" ou portefeuilles HD :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> HDKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"micro-ed25519-hdkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bip39 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bip39"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hd <span class="token operator">=</span> HDKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromMasterSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hex"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">m/44'/501'/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'/0'</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hd<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">derive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>privateKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>path<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> => </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">m/44'/501'/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'/0'</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">derivePath</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hex"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>path<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> => </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover <span class="token string">'prompt:?key=0/0'</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover <span class="token string">'prompt:?key=0/0'</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-generer-une-adresse-personnalisee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-generer-une-adresse-personnalisee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment générer une adresse personnalisée</h2><p>Les adresses personnalisées (vanity publickeys) sont des clés qui commencent par des caractères spécifiques. Par exemple, une personne peut vouloir que sa clé publique commence par "elv1s", ou peut-être même "cook". Elles peuvent aider les autres personnes à se rappeler à qui appartient la clé, ce qui la rend plus facilement identifiable.</p><p>Remarque: Plus il y a de caractères spécifiques dans votre adresse personnalisée, plus la procédure sera longue.</p><div class="custom-container warning"><p class="custom-container-title">WARNING</p><p>Vous devez utiliser le CLI pour cette tâche. Les exemples Python et TypeScript sont donnés à titre d'illustration et sont beaucoup plus lents que le CLI.</p></div><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">startsWith</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">startsWith</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">!=</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">:</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">!=</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">:</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ vanity_keypair.cpp -o vanity_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">substr</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">substr</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen grind --starts-with e1v1s:1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen grind --starts-with e1v1s:1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-signer-et-verifier-des-messages-avec-les-portefeuilles" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-signer-et-verifier-des-messages-avec-les-portefeuilles" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment signer et vérifier des messages avec les portefeuilles</h2><p>La fonction première d'une paire de clés est de signer des messages et de permettre la vérification de la signature. La vérification d'une signature permet au destinataire d'être sûr que les données ont été signées par le propriétaire d'une clé privée spécifique.</p><p>Pour ce faire, nous allons importer la bibliothèque cryptographique <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/tweetnacl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TweetNaCl<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> nacl <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> decodeUTF8 <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl-util"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageBytes <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">decodeUTF8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageBytes <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">decodeUTF8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
secret_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span>
signature <span class="token operator">=</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign_message<span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
verify_sign <span class="token operator">=</span> signature<span class="token punctuation">.</span>verify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>verify_sign<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># bool</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span>
signature <span class="token operator">=</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign_message<span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
verify_sign <span class="token operator">=</span> signature<span class="token punctuation">.</span>verify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>verify_sign<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># bool</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-se-connecter-a-un-portefeuille" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-se-connecter-a-un-portefeuille" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment se connecter à un portefeuille</h2><p>Les bibliothèques <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/wallet-adapter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wallet-adapter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de Solana permettent de gérer facilement les connexions de portefeuilles côté client.</p><h3 id="react" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#react" aria-hidden="true">#</a> React</h3><p>Exécutez la commande suivante pour installer les dépendances requises :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>yarn add @solana/wallet-adapter-react @solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui @solana/wallet-adapter-base @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Les bibliothèques wallet-adapter de React nous permettent de conserver et d'accéder aux états de connexion du portefeuille par le biais de <em>hooks</em> et de fournisseurs de Contexte, à savoir, <code>useWallet</code>, <code>WalletProvider</code>, <code>useConnection</code>, et <code>ConnectionProvider</code>. L'Application React doit être encapsulée avec <code>WalletProvider</code> et <code>ConnectionProvider</code>.</p><p>De plus, nous pouvons inviter les utilisateurs à se connecter en utilisant <code>useWalletModal</code> pour activer la visibilité de la modale de connexion et en enveloppant l'Application avec <code>WalletModalProvider</code> de <code>@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui</code>. La modale de connexion gérera ce flux de connexion pour nous, de sorte que nous pouvons simplement surveiller la connexion d'un portefeuille. Nous savons qu'un portefeuille est connecté lorsque la réponse <code>useWallet</code> a une propriété <code>wallet</code> non nulle. Inversement, si cette propriété est nulle, nous savons que le portefeuille est déconnecté.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useMemo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> PropsWithChildren <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ConnectionProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
WalletProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletModalProvider <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletAdapterNetwork <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
LedgerWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PhantomWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SlopeWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TorusWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useWalletModal <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> MouseEventHandler <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> Web3Provider<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PropsWithChildren<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> children <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Can be set to 'devnet', 'testnet', or 'mainnet-beta'</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> endpoint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useMemo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>WalletAdapterNetwork<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Devnet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets includes all the adapters but supports tree shaking --</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only the wallets you configure here will be compiled into your application</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallets <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useMemo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SlopeWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">ConnectionProvider</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">endpoint</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>endpoint<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">WalletModalProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">WalletProvider</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">wallets</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>wallets<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>children<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">WalletProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">WalletModalProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">ConnectionProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/**
* Make sure to wrap the App with
* ConnectionProvider, WalletProvider, and WalletModalProvider.
*
* If you have a lot of Providers already, you can combine them
* into a single wrapper (i.e. Web3Provider) instead.
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">App</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">Web3Provider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">AppChild</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">Web3Provider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">AppChild</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> wallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> setVisible <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWalletModal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Display the connection modal</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">onRequestConnectWallet</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setVisible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Prompt user to connect wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onRequestConnectWallet<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Connect Wallet</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Wallet successfully connected!</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> wallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> setVisible <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWalletModal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">onRequestConnectWallet</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setVisible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Prompt the user to connect their wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onRequestConnectWallet<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Connect Wallet</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Displays the connected wallet address</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Wallet successfully connected!</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="vue" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#vue" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Vue</h3><p>Exécutez la commande suivante pour installer les dépendances requises :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>npm install solana-wallets-vue @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Le plugin <a href="https://github.com/lorisleiva/solana-wallets-vue" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Wallets Vue<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> nous permet d'initialiser une liste de portefeuilles et de créer une nouvelle propriété globale <code>$wallet</code> à laquelle on peut accéder depuis n'importe quel composant. Toutes les propriétés et méthodes que vous pouvez obtenir grâce à <code>useWallet()</code> sont affichées <a href="https://github.com/lorisleiva/solana-wallets-vue#usewallet-references" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Nous importons et rendons également le composant WalletMultiButton pour permettre aux utilisateurs de sélectionner un portefeuille et de s'y connecter.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Vue</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-vue ext-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">setup</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
LedgerWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PhantomWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SlopeWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TorusWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> initWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallets <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">wallets</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SlopeWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">initWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallets<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connected<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span> <span class="token attr-name">v-if</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>connected<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
Wallet with public key {{ wallet.publicKey }} successfully connected!
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">v-else</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-vue ext-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">setup</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="svelte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#svelte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Svelte</h3><p>Exécutez la commande suivante pour installer les dépendances requises :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>npm install @svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core @svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui @solana/wallet-adapter-base @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Le package <a href="https://github.com/svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Svelte Wallet Adapter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> package permet d'ajouter un Store Svelte (<code>$walletStore</code>) accessible parmi tous les fichiers JS, TS et/ou Svelte à l'intérieur d'un projet réalisé avec Svelte Template ou SvelteKit. En utilisant le répertoire de référence <a href="https://github.com/svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter/blob/master/packages/core/README.md/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> vous pouvez utiliser l'adaptateur pour SSR ou SPA. Le package UI contient un composant <code><WalletMultiButton /></code> pour permettre aux utilisateurs de sélectionner un portefeuille et de s'y connecter.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Svelte</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> walletStore <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
WalletProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
WalletMultiButton<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ConnectionProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PhantomWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SolflareWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TorusWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
LedgerWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> localStorageKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"walletAdapter"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> network <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// localhost or mainnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallets <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SolflareWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>WalletProvider</span> <span class="token attr-name">{localStorageKey}</span> <span class="token attr-name">{wallets}</span> <span class="token attr-name">autoConnect</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>ConnectionProvider</span> <span class="token attr-name">{network}</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
{#if $walletStore?.connected} Wallet with public key {$walletStore.publicKey}
successfully connected! {:else}
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>WalletMultiButton</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
{/if}
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> walletStore <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
{#if $walletStore?.connected} Wallet with public key {$walletStore.publicKey}
successfully connected! {:else}
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>WalletMultiButton</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
{/if}
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Partially Sorted</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-creer-un-compte-de-systeme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment créer un compte de système"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment créer un compte de système <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-calculer-les-frais-de-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment calculer les frais de compte"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment calculer les frais de compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-creer-des-comptes-avec-des-seeds" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment créer des comptes avec des seeds"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment créer des comptes avec des seeds <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#generer" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Générer"><!--[--><!--]--> Générer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#creer" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Créer"><!--[--><!--]--> Créer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#transferer" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Transférer"><!--[--><!--]--> Transférer <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-creer-des-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment créer des PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment créer des PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#generer-un-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Générer un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Générer un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#creer-un-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Créer un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Créer un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-signer-avec-un-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment signer avec un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment signer avec un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#programme-1" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#client-1" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Client"><!--[--><!--]--> Client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-obtenir-les-comptes-du-programme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment obtenir les comptes du programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment obtenir les comptes du programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-fermer-des-comptes" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment fermer des comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment fermer des comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-obtenir-le-solde-d-un-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment obtenir le solde d'un compte"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment obtenir le solde d'un compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comptes</h1><h2 id="comment-creer-un-compte-de-systeme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-un-compte-de-systeme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer un compte de système</h2><p>Créez un compte que le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/javascript-reference#systemprogram" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme du Système<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> possède. Le runtime de Solana donnera au propriétaire du compte l'accès à l'écriture des données et au transfert des lamports. Lors de la création d'un compte, nous devons pré-allouer un espace de stockage fixe en bytes (<code>space</code>) et suffisamment de lamports pour couvrir la rente. La <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rente<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> est un coût encouru pour maintenir les comptes en vie sur Solana.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdrop SOL for transferring lamports to the created account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// amount of space to reserve for the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Seed the created account with lamports for rent exemption</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>space<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> newAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_exemption_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>space<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_account_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_account_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_exemption_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>create_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_tx<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error creating system account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_exemption_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>create_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_tx<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error creating system account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-calculer-les-frais-de-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-calculer-les-frais-de-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment calculer les frais de compte</h2><p>Garder les comptes en vie sur Solana engendre un coût de stockage appelé <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">rente<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Il est possible de rendre un compte entièrement exempt du paiement de la rente en déposant au moins deux ans de rente. Pour le calcul, vous devez prendre en compte la quantité de données que vous avez l'intention de stocker dans le compte.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// length of data in the account to calculate rent for</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dataLength <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1500</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dataLength<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_length <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1500</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_exemption_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"rent exemption amount: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> rent_exemption_amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana rent <span class="token number">1500</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-creer-des-comptes-avec-des-seeds" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-des-comptes-avec-des-seeds" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer des comptes avec des seeds</h2><p>Il est possible d'utiliser <code>createAccountWithSeed</code> pour gérer vos comptes au lieu de créer un tas de paires de clés (Keypair) différentes.</p><h3 id="generer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Générer</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> basePubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">id</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"account pubkey: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">id</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"account pubkey: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="creer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> base <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> basePubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> base<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// funder</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
base<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// funder</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> fee_payer_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> fee_payer_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">id</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>base_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error creating account with seed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>base_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="transferer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transferer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transférer</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> base <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> basePubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> base<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// create a random receiver</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
base<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// create a random receiver</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Seul un compte appartenant au programme du système peut transférer via le programme du système.</p></div><h2 id="comment-creer-des-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-des-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer des PDAs</h2><p><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Les Adresse Dérivées du Programme (PDAs)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> sont comme des adresses normales mais avec les différences suivantes :</p><ol><li>Elles sont en dehors de la courbe ed25519</li><li>Il faut utiliser un programme pour signer au lieu d'une clé privée</li></ol><p><strong>Remarque</strong>: Les comptes PDAs ne peuvent être créés que dans les programmes. L'adresse peut être créée côté client.</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Bien que le PDA soit dérivé par l'identifiant d'un programme, cela ne signifie pas que le PDA est la propriété de ce programme. (Par exemple, vous pouvez initialiser votre PDA en tant que compte de jetons, qui est un compte appartenant au programme de jetons).</p></div><h3 id="generer-un-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generer-un-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Générer un PDA</h3><p><code>findProgramAddress</code> ajoutera un byte supplémentaire à la fin de votre seed. Celui-ci part de 255 jusqu'à 0 et renvoie la première clé publique hors-courbe. Vous obtiendrez toujours le même résultat si vous passez le même identifiant de programme et la même seed.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"test"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// you will find the result is different from `createProgramAddress`.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It is expected because the real seed we used to calculate is ["test" + bump]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"test"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pda: {}, bump: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="creer-un-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-un-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer un PDA</h3><p>Vous trouverez ci-dessous un exemple de programme pour créer un compte PDA appartenant au programme et un exemple pour appeler le programme avec le client.</p><h4 id="programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programme</h4><p>L'exemple ci-dessous montre une instruction unique <code>system_instruction::create_account</code> qui crée un compte avec une taille de données allouées <code>space</code>, un montant de lamports <code>rent_lamports</code> pour le PDA dérivé. Ceci est signé avec le PDA en utilisant <code>invoke_signed</code> de façon similaire à ce qui a été dit plus haut.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_sysvar_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// find space and minimum rent required for account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> space <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent_sysvar_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// program id</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7ZP42kRwUQ2zgbqXoaXzAFaiQnDyp6swNktTSv8mNQGN"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup fee payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup pda</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data_size <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-signer-avec-un-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-signer-avec-un-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment signer avec un PDA</h2><p>Les PDAs ne peuvent être signés que dans un programme. Vous trouverez ci-dessous un exemple de programme permettant de signer avec un PDA et d'appeler le programme avec le client.</p><h3 id="programme-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programme-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programme</h3><p>L'exemple ci-dessous montre une instruction unique qui transfère les SOL d'un PDA qui a été dérivé par la graine <code>escrow</code> à un compte. <code>invoke_signed</code> est utilisé pour signer avec le PDA.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// pass bump seed for saving compute budget</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump_seed <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">100_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">100_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="client-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// program id</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4wQC2yuVt4rbcPeYLK8WngqbYLg7UAahVjRFrK3NBjP6"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup fee payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup pda</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// require 1 SOL for the transfering in the program</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pdaAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pdaAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// create a random `to`</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> to <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">receiver: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Leave `false` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Leave `false` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-les-comptes-du-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-les-comptes-du-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir les comptes du programme</h2><p>Retourne tous les comptes appartenant à un programme. Reportez-vous à la <a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="">section guides</a> pour plus d'informations sur <code>getProgramAccounts</code> et sa configuration.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program 6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U:
[
{
account: {
data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc>,
executable: false,
lamports: 1064880,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 82fc5b91154dc5c840cb464ba6a89212d0fd789367c0a1488fb1941d78f9727a>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fd>,
executable: false,
lamports: 1064880,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 229
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 404dc1fe368cf194f20cf3c681a071c61893ced98f65cda12ba5a147e984e669>
}
}
]
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"accounts for {}, {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> https://api.devnet.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "id":1, "method":"getProgramAccounts", "params":["6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"]}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output</span>
<span class="token comment"># {"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[{"account":{"data":"fe2kiXpgfrjWQjCPX3n5MB339Ayqav75ej","executable":false,"lamports":1064880,"owner":"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U","rentEpoch":228},"pubkey":"9pKBrUtJU9GNmct6T2BQtiKqvubtjS9D2if2bm1P8TQd"},{"account":{"data":"fe2kiXpgfrjVs7hiZJNVFsbJUuhXhFx3pQ","executable":false,"lamports":1064880,"owner":"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U","rentEpoch":229},"pubkey":"5L1rztbopmgGMWPKb2efoGyhGnrBJm6K53Hf9S4nxdHr"}],"id":1}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-fermer-des-comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-fermer-des-comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment fermer des comptes</h2><p>Vous pouvez fermer un compte (effacer toutes les données stockées) en retirant tous les SOL détenus par ce compte. (vous pouvez vous référer à <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">rente<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour plus d'informations)</p><h4 id="programme-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programme-2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programme</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> source_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_starting_lamports
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> source_data <span class="token operator">=</span> source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
source_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fill</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_starting_lamports
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> source_data <span class="token operator">=</span> source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
source_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fill</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="client-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client-2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup fee payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to deploy your program first</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"An47uBJ8kY7hzKPzDyRoFSsDHkZFY9vkfUGpTViWqLFz"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. create an account to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> newAccountKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">new account: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// a random value</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">create account txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
createNewAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. close your account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">close account txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>closeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. create an account to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// a random value</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. close your account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-le-solde-d-un-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-le-solde-d-un-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir le solde d'un compte</h2><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"The account {}, has {} SOL "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
balance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_balance<span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_balance<span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ get_balance.cpp -o get_balance -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"public_key = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">uint64_t</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"balance = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> balance <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">uint64_t</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Si vous voulez obtenir un solde de jetons, vous devez connaître l'adresse du compte de jetons. Pour plus d'informations, voir <a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="">Références des Jetons</a></p></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Partially Sorted</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-transferer-sol-dans-un-programme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment transférer SOL dans un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment transférer SOL dans un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-obtenir-une-reference-a-l-horloge-dans-un-programme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment obtenir une référence à l'horloge dans un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment obtenir une référence à l'horloge dans un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#passer-l-horloge-comme-un-compte-dans-une-instruction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Passer l'Horloge comme un compte dans une instruction"><!--[--><!--]--> Passer l'Horloge comme un compte dans une instruction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#acceder-a-l-horloge-directement-dans-une-instruction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Accéder à l'horloge directement dans une instruction"><!--[--><!--]--> Accéder à l'horloge directement dans une instruction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-modifier-la-taille-d-un-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment modifier la taille d'un compte"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment modifier la taille d'un compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-faire-l-invocation-de-programme-croise" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment faire l'Invocation de Programme Croisé"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment faire l'Invocation de Programme Croisé <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-creer-un-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment créer un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment créer un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-lire-des-comptes" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment lire des comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment lire des comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-verifier-des-comptes" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment vérifier des comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment vérifier des comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/programs.html#comment-lire-plusieurs-instructions-a-partir-d-une-transaction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment lire plusieurs instructions à partir d'une transaction"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment lire plusieurs instructions à partir d'une transaction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="ecrire-des-programmes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ecrire-des-programmes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Écrire des Programmes</h1><h2 id="comment-transferer-sol-dans-un-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-transferer-sol-dans-un-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment transférer SOL dans un programme</h2><p>Votre Programme Solana peut transférer des lamports d'un compte à un autre sans "invoquer" le programme du Système (System program). La règle fondamentale est que votre programme peut transférer des lamports de n'importe quel compte <strong>appartenant</strong> à votre programme vers n'importe quel compte.</p><p>Le compte destinataire <em>ne doit pas nécessairement être</em> un compte appartenant à votre programme.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Transfers lamports from one account (must be program owned)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to another account. The recipient can by any account</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
amount_of_lamports<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Does the from account have enough lamports to transfer?</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>from_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> amount_of_lamports <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CustomError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InsufficientFundsForTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Debit from_account and credit to_account</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>from_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">-=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>to_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">+=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Primary function handler associated with instruction sent</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">instruction_handler</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the 'from' and 'to' accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to_service_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extract a service 'fee' of 5 lamports for performing this instruction</span>
<span class="token function">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>from_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> to_service_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Perform the primary instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">// ... etc.</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-une-reference-a-l-horloge-dans-un-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-une-reference-a-l-horloge-dans-un-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir une référence à l'horloge dans un programme</h2><p>L'obtention d'une horloge peut se faire de deux manières</p><ol><li>Passer <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> dans une instruction</li><li>Accéder à l'Horloge directement à l'intérieur d'une instruction.</li></ol><p>Il est bon de connaître les deux méthodes, car certains programmes hérités attendent toujours la <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> comme compte.</p><h3 id="passer-l-horloge-comme-un-compte-dans-une-instruction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#passer-l-horloge-comme-un-compte-dans-une-instruction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Passer l'Horloge comme un compte dans une instruction</h3><p>Créons une instruction qui reçoit un compte pour l'initialisation et la clé publique de sysvar</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">clock<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] Clock sys var</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> _payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Clock sysvar</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> sysvar_clock_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Type casting [AccountInfo] to [Clock]</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting timestamp</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Maintenant nous passons l'adresse publique sysvar de l'horloge via le client</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> helloAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accountSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accountSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> accountSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> passClockIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> passClockIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> passClockIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_signer<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_writable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>passClockIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="acceder-a-l-horloge-directement-dans-une-instruction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#acceder-a-l-horloge-directement-dans-une-instruction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Accéder à l'horloge directement dans une instruction</h3><p>Créons la même instruction, mais sans exiger la <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> du côté client.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">clock<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> _payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting clock directly</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting timestamp</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>L'instruction côté client ne doit plus transmettre que les comptes de l'état et du payeur.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> helloAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accountSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accountSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> accountSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> initIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// No more requirement to pass clock sys var key</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-modifier-la-taille-d-un-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-modifier-la-taille-d-un-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment modifier la taille d'un compte</h2><p>Vous pouvez modifier la taille d'un compte propriétaire d'un programme en utilisant <code>realloc</code>. <code>realloc</code> peut redimensionner un compte jusqu'à 10KB. Lorsque vous utilisez <code>realloc</code> pour augmenter la taille d'un compte, vous devez transférer des lamports afin de garder ce compte exempt de rente.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">WhiteListData</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>convert<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">TryInto</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Length = BOOL + VEC + Pubkey * n (n = number of keys)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"input: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> funding_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Initialize</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>_program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">WhiteListData</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>white_list <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AddKey</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"AddKey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">WhiteListData</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_size <span class="token operator">=</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_diff <span class="token operator">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">saturating_sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_diff<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">realloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>white_list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">// adding a publickey to the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_size <span class="token operator">=</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_diff <span class="token operator">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">saturating_sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_diff<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">realloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-faire-l-invocation-de-programme-croise" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-faire-l-invocation-de-programme-croise" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment faire l'Invocation de Programme Croisé</h2><p>Une invocation de programme croisé est tout simplement l'appel d'une instruction d'un autre programme dans notre programme. Le meilleur exemple à mettre en avant est la fonctionnalité <code>swap</code> d'Uniswap. Le contrat <code>UniswapV2Router</code> appelle la logique nécessaire pour faire le swap et appelle la fonction de transfert du contrat <code>ERC20</code> pour effectuer l'échange d'une personne à une autre. De la même manière, on peut appeler l'instruction d'un programme pour avoir une multitude de buts.</p><p>Examinons notre premier exemple qui est l'instruction de <code>transfert du Programme de Jetons SPL</code>. Les comptes requis pour qu'un transfert ait lieu sont les suivants</p><ol><li>Le Compte de Jetons Source (Le compte sur lequel nous détenons nos jetons)</li><li>Le Compte de Jetons de Destination (Le compte vers lequel nous souhaitons transférer nos jetons)</li><li>Le Propriétaire du Compte de Jetons Source (L'adresse de notre portefeuille avec lequel nous signerons)</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [writable] Source Token Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Destination Token Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [signer] Source Token Account holder's PubKey</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 4. [] Token Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Token account we hold</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> source_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Token account to send to</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> destination_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Our wallet address</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> source_token_account_holder <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Token Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>
<span class="token comment">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>
<span class="token comment">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>
<span class="token comment">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Transferring {} tokens from {} to {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
token_transfer_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Result<Instruction, ProgramError>)
Ok(Instruction {
program_id: *token_program_id, // PASSED FROM USER
accounts,
data,
})
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
token_transfer_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transfer successful"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
token_transfer_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><br> L'instruction client correspondante serait la suivante. Pour connaître les instructions de création de mint et de jetons, veuillez vous référer au code complet. <br><br><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
AccountLayout<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
MintLayout<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
u64<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bn.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Mint and token accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Numbers</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> <span class="token constant">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">...</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name"><span class="token constant">BN</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toArray</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"le"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintDataSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> MintLayout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintRentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintDataSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenDataSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> AccountLayout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenRentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenDataSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping some SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space and rent for mint account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createMintAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> mintRentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> mintDataSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initializing mint with decimals and authority</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initializeMintIx <span class="token operator">=</span> Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createInitMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mintAuthority</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freezeAuthority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space and rent for source token account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createSourceTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initializeSourceTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Minting tokens to the source token account for transferring later to destination account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintTokensIx <span class="token operator">=</span> Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createMintToInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space and rent for destination token account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our program's CPI instruction (transfer)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
createMintAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
initializeMintIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSourceTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
initializeSourceTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintTokensIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
transferTokensIx
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transferTokensIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Maintenant, regardons un autre exemple qui est l'instruction <code>create_account du Programme du Système</code>. Il y a une légère différence entre l'instruction mentionnée ci-dessus et celle-ci. Ici, nous n'avons pas à passer le <code>token_program</code> comme l'un des comptes dans la fonction <code>invoke</code>. Cependant, il y a des exceptions où vous devez transmettre le <code>program_id</code> de l'instruction invoquante. Dans notre cas, il s'agit du program_id du <code>Programme du Système</code>. ("11111111111111111111111111111111"). Ainsi, les comptes requis seraient les suivants</p><ol><li>Le compte payeur qui paie la rente</li><li>Le compte qui va être créé</li><li>Le compte du Programme du Système</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>create_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [signer, writable] General State Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Payer account for the state account creation</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Token account we hold</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> general_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Creating account for {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>
<span class="token comment">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>
<span class="token comment">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>
<span class="token comment">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_span <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_span <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Instruction)
Instruction::new_with_bincode(
system_program::id(), // NOT PASSED FROM USER
&SystemInstruction::CreateAccount {
lamports,
space,
owner: *owner,
},
account_metas,
)
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_span<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send (with the issused program_id)</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transfer successful"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> account_span <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_span <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_span<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Le code côté client correspondant sera le suivant</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> TransactionInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bn.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">...</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name"><span class="token constant">BN</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toArray</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"le"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping some SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping some SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> creataAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>creataAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-creer-un-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-un-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer un PDA</h2><p>Une Adresse Dérivée d'un Programme est simplement un compte appartenant au programme, mais qui n'a pas de clé privée. Au lieu de cela, sa signature est obtenue par un ensemble de seeds et un bump (un nonce qui permet de s'assurer qu'elle est en dehors de la courbe). "<strong>Générer</strong>" une Adresse de Programme est différent de la "<strong>Créer</strong>". On peut générer un PDA en utilisant <code>Pubkey::find_program_address</code>. Créer un PDA signifie essentiellement initialiser l'adresse avec de l'espace et définir l'état. Un compte Keypair normal peut être créé en dehors de notre programme et ensuite alimenté pour initialiser son état. Malheureusement, pour les PDAs, elle doit être créée sur la blockchain, car elle ne peut pas signer en son nom. Nous utilisons donc <code>invoke_signed</code> pour passer les seeds du PDA, ainsi que la signature du compte de financement, ce qui entraîne la création d'un compte PDA.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Funding account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] PDA account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting required accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> funding_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting PDA Bump from instruction data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">split_first</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if passed PDA and expected PDA are equal</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">*</span>pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Assessing required lamports and creating transaction instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Invoking the instruction but with PDAs as additional signer</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setting state for PDA</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>On peut envoyer les comptes requis via le client comme suit</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdop to Payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">PDA Pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createPDAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createPDAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Created PDA successfully. Tx Hash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createPDAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createPDAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-lire-des-comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-lire-des-comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment lire des comptes</h2><p>Presque toutes les instructions dans Solana nécessitent au moins 2 ou 3 comptes, et ils sont mentionnés dans les gestionnaires d'instructions dans quel ordre ils attendent ces comptes. C'est assez simple si on profite de la méthode <code>iter()</code> de Rust, au lieu d'indiquer manuellement les comptes. La méthode <code>next_account_info</code> récupère le premier index de l'itérable et retourne le compte présent dans le tableau des comptes. Voyons une instruction simple qui attend un ensemble de comptes et qui demande d'analyser chacun d'entre eux.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] Rent account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 4. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Rent account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Rent account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-verifier-des-comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-verifier-des-comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment vérifier des comptes</h2><p>Puisque les programmes dans Solana sont sans état, nous, en tant que créateur de programme, devons nous assurer que les comptes passés sont valides autant que possible pour éviter toute entrée de compte malveillant. Ainsi, les contrôles de base que l'on peut effectuer sont</p><ol><li>Vérifier si le compte du signataire attendu a effectivement signé</li><li>Vérifier si les comptes d'état attendus ont été vérifiés comme accessibles en écriture</li><li>Vérifiez si le propriétaire du compte d'état attendu est l'identifiant du programme appelé</li><li>Si vous initialisez l'état pour la première fois, vérifiez si le compte a déjà été initialisé ou non.</li><li>Vérifier si tous les identifiants de programmes croisés passés (si nécessaire) sont conformes aux attentes.</li></ol><p>Une instruction de base qui initialise un compte d'état héroïque, mais avec les contrôles mentionnés ci-dessus, est définie ci-dessous</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">clock<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token constant">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_exempt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IllegalOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token constant">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_exempt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IllegalOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token constant">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-lire-plusieurs-instructions-a-partir-d-une-transaction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-lire-plusieurs-instructions-a-partir-d-une-transaction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment lire plusieurs instructions à partir d'une transaction</h2><p>Solana nous permet de consulter l'ensemble des instructions de la transaction en cours. Nous pouvons les stocker dans une variable et itérer sur eux. Nous pouvons faire beaucoup de choses avec ça, comme, par exemple, vérifier les transactions suspectes.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
sysvar<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">serialize_utils<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>read_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>read_u16<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">cookbook</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">read_multiple_instruction</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> creator_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>instruction_sysvar_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction_sysvar <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_instructions <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>_<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NoInstructionFound</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> index <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>num_instructions <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> current <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>index <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> start <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">=</span> start <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>num_accounts <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> program_id <span class="token operator">!=</span> id
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction had ix with program id {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SuspiciousTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(creator_bump:u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(address = sysvar::instructions::id())]</span>
instruction_sysvar_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">UncheckedAccount</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MyError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"No instructions found"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">NoInstructionFound</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Suspicious transaction detected"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">SuspiciousTransaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_instructions <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>_<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NoInstructionFound</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> index <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>num_instructions <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> current <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>index <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> start <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">=</span> start <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>num_accounts <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#demarrer-un-validateur-local" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Démarrer un Validateur Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Démarrer un Validateur Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#connexion-aux-environnements" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Connexion aux Environnements"><!--[--><!--]--> Connexion aux Environnements <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#inscription-a-des-evenements" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Inscription à des Evénements"><!--[--><!--]--> Inscription à des Evénements <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#obtention-de-sol-pour-les-tests" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtention de SOL pour les Tests"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtention de SOL pour les Tests <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#utilisation-des-comptes-et-des-programmes-du-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Utilisation des Comptes et des Programmes du Mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Utilisation des Comptes et des Programmes du Mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#comment-charger-des-comptes-depuis-le-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment charger des comptes depuis le mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment charger des comptes depuis le mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/local-development.html#comment-charger-des-programmes-depuis-le-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment charger des programmes depuis le mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment charger des programmes depuis le mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="developpement-local" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#developpement-local" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Développement Local</h1><h2 id="demarrer-un-validateur-local" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#demarrer-un-validateur-local" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Démarrer un Validateur Local</h2><p>Tester le code de votre programme localement peut être beaucoup plus fiable que de le tester sur le devnet, et peut vous aider à faire des tests avant de l'essayer sur le devnet.</p><p>Vous pouvez configurer votre validateur de test local (local-test-validator) en installant la <a href="/getting-started/installation.html#installer-cli" class="">suite d'outils de solana (solana tool suite)</a> et en exécutant</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Les avantages de l'utilisation de local-test-validator sont les suivants :</p><ul><li>Pas de limites de débit RPC</li><li>Pas de limites d'airdrop</li><li>Déploiement direct de programme sur la blockchain (<code>--bpf-program ...</code>)</li><li>Clonage de comptes à partir d'un cluster public, y compris les programmes (<code>--clone ...</code>)</li><li>Possibilité de configurer l'historique de conservation des transactions (<code>--limit-ledger-size ...</code>)</li><li>Possibilité de configurer la durée des époques (<code>--slots-per-epoch ...</code>)</li><li>Sauter à un slot précis (<code>--warp-slot ...</code>)</li></ul><h2 id="connexion-aux-environnements" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#connexion-aux-environnements" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Connexion aux Environnements</h2><p>Lorsque vous développez sur Solana, vous devez vous connecter à un point de terminaison API de RPC en particulier. Solana dispose de 3 environnements de développement publics :</p><ul><li>mainnet-beta https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</li><li>devnet https://api.devnet.solana.com</li><li>testnet https://api.testnet.solana.com</li></ul><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Enfin, vous pouvez également vous connecter à un cluster privé, qu'il soit local ou fonctionnant à distance avec l'élément suivant :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// This will connect you to your local validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="inscription-a-des-evenements" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#inscription-a-des-evenements" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Inscription à des Evénements</h2><p>Les Websockets fournissent une interface pub/sub où vous pouvez écouter certains événements. Au lieu d'envoyer une requête à un point de terminaison HTTP classique à intervalles réguliers pour obtenir des mises à jour fréquentes, vous pouvez recevoir ces mises à jour uniquement lorsqu'elles se produisent.</p><p>La classe web3 <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>Connection</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de Solana génère un point de terminaison websocket et enregistre un client websocket lorsque vous créez une nouvelle instance <code>Connection</code> (voir le code source <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js/blob/45923ca00e4cc1ed079d8e55ecbee83e5b4dc174/src/connection.ts#L2100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>).</p><p>La classe <code>Connection</code> présente des méthodes pub/sub - elles commencent toutes par <code>on</code>, comme les émetteurs d'événements. Lorsque vous appelez ces méthodes d'écoute, un nouvel enregistrement est effectué auprès du client websocket de l'instance <code>Connection</code>. L'exemple de méthode pub/sub que nous utilisons ci-dessous est <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#onAccountChange" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>onAccountChange</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Le callback fournira les données d'état mises à jour par le biais d'arguments (voir <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/modules.html#AccountChangeCallback" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>AccountChangeCallback</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> en guise d'exemple).</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> context<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Updated account info: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> context<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Updated account info: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> asyncio
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>websocket_api <span class="token keyword">import</span> connect
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment"># Create a Test Wallet</span>
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_subscribe<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Capture response from account subscription </span>
first_resp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>first_resp<span class="token punctuation">.</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
updated_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>updated_account_info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
asyncio<span class="token punctuation">.</span>run<span class="token punctuation">(</span>main<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment"># Create a Test Wallet</span>
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_subscribe<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Capture response from account subscription </span>
first_resp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>first_resp<span class="token punctuation">.</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
updated_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>updated_account_info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ on_account_change.cpp -o on_account_change -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> subscriptionId <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">on_account_change</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Result<span class="token operator"><</span>Account<span class="token operator">></span> result<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Account account <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"owner = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"lamports = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"data = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"executable = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executable <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"false"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string tx_hash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"tx hash = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> tx_hash <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">poll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove_account_listener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscriptionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> subscriptionId <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">on_account_change</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Result<span class="token operator"><</span>Account<span class="token operator">></span> result<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Account account <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"owner = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"lamports = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"data = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"executable = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executable <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"false"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">poll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove_account_listener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscriptionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubsub_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ws_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ws_url<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscription<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">account_subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>ws_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ws_client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> subscription<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful, listening for events"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>thread<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">spawn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">move</span> <span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Waiting for a message"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">recv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>err<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Connection broke with {:}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
handle<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">join</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ws_client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shutdown</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Errooooor"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> ws_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">account_subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>ws_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">recv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="obtention-de-sol-pour-les-tests" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtention-de-sol-pour-les-tests" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtention de SOL pour les Tests</h2><p>Lorsque vous travaillez localement, vous avez besoin d'un certain nombre de SOL pour envoyer des transactions. Dans les environnements non-mainnet, vous pouvez recevoir des SOL en les airdroppant à votre adresse.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lastValidBlockHeight <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lastValidBlockHeight<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ request_airdrop.cpp -o request_airdrop -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string tx_hash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"tx hash = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> tx_hash <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">match</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana airdrop <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token comment"># Return</span>
<span class="token comment"># "1 SOL"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana airdrop <span class="token number">1</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="utilisation-des-comptes-et-des-programmes-du-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utilisation-des-comptes-et-des-programmes-du-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utilisation des Comptes et des Programmes du Mainnet</h2><p>Parfois, les tests locaux reposent sur des programmes et des comptes disponibles uniquement sur le mainnet. Le CLI de Solana permet à la fois de :</p><ul><li>Télécharger des Programmes et des Comptes</li><li>Charger des Programmes et des Comptes dans un validateur local</li></ul><h3 id="comment-charger-des-comptes-depuis-le-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-charger-des-comptes-depuis-le-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment charger des comptes depuis le mainnet</h3><p>Il est possible de télécharger les comptes de mint du jeton SRM dans un fichier comme suit :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana account -u <source cluster> --output <output format> --output-file <destination file name/path> <address of account to fetch></span>
solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Le chargement sur votre réseau local se fait ensuite en passant le fichier contenant les comptes et l'adresse de destination (sur le cluster local) lors du démarrage du validateur :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana-test-validator --account <address to load the account to> <path to account file> --reset</span>
solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="comment-charger-des-programmes-depuis-le-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-charger-des-programmes-depuis-le-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment charger des programmes depuis le mainnet</h3><p>De même, il est possible de télécharger le programme Serum Dex v3 :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana program dump -u <source cluster> <address of account to fetch> <destination file name/path></span>
solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Le chargement sur votre réseau local se fait alors en passant le fichier du programme et l'adresse de destination (sur le cluster local) lors du démarrage du validateur :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana-test-validator --bpf-program <address to load the program to> <path to program file> --reset</span>
solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset
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aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer un NFT</h2><p>Pour créer un NFT, vous devez :</p><ol><li>Télécharger l'image sur IPFS comme Arweave</li><li>Télécharger les métadonnées json sur IPFS comme Arweave</li><li>Appeler metaplex pour créer un compte pour le NFT</li></ol><h3 id="telecharger-sur-arweave" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#telecharger-sur-arweave" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Télécharger sur Arweave</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> fs <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"fs"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Arweave <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"arweave"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> arweave <span class="token operator">=</span> Arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
host<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"arweave.net"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
port<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">443</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
protocol<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
timeout<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">20000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
logging<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> data<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wallet.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>response<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> imageUrl <span class="token operator">=</span> id <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">https://arweave.net/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>id<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"imageUrl"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token builtin">symbol</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"CNFT"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
description<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seller_fee_basis_points<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">500</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
external_url<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
attributes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
trait_type<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"NFT type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
collection<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Test Collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
family<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
properties<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
files<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
type<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
category<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
creators<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
address<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
share<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
image<span class="token operator">:</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> metadataRequest<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"metadata txid"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> data<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wallet.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>response<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> imageUrl <span class="token operator">=</span> id <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">https://arweave.net/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>id<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> metadataRequest<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arweave_lib <span class="token keyword">import</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> API_URL
<span class="token keyword">import</span> json
<span class="token comment"># Load your arweave wallet</span>
your_ar_wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'wallet.json'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'rb'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> f<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
img_in_bytes <span class="token operator">=</span> f<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Upload image to Arweave</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'image/png'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
image_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token comment"># Define metadata</span>
metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"symbol"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"CNFT"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"seller_fee_basis_points"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">500</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"external_url"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"attributes"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"trait_type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"NFT type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Test Collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"family"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"properties"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"files"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"uri"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> image_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"category"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"maxSupply"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"creators"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"address"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"share"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> image_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment"># Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
meta_transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dumps<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'text/html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
metadata_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata_url<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment"># 1. Load your arweave wallet</span>
your_ar_wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'wallet.json'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># 2. Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'rb'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> f<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
img_in_bytes <span class="token operator">=</span> f<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'image/png'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
image_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token comment"># 3. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
meta_transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dumps<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'text/html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
metadata_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="creer-le-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-le-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer le NFT</h3><p>Si vous avez déjà téléchargé l'image et les métadonnées, vous pouvez créer le NFT avec le code suivant.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> dotenv <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"dotenv"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
dotenv<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process<span class="token punctuation">.</span>env<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">SOLANA_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mintNFTResponse<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Remarque</p><p>Vous ne pouvez pas créer un NFT avec un créateur différent de celui de votre portefeuille. Si vous rencontrez des problèmes de créateur, assurez-vous que vos métadonnées vous mentionnent en tant que créateur.</p></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-les-metadonnees-des-nfts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-les-metadonnees-des-nfts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir les métadonnées des NFTs</h2><p>Les métadonnées des NFTs de Metaplex sont stockées sur Arweave. Afin d'obtenir les métadonnées d'Arweave, vous devez récupérer le PDA de Metaplex et décoder les données du compte.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findByMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> mintAddress <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
name: 'SMB #139',
symbol: 'SMB',
description: 'SMB is a collection of 5000 randomly generated 24x24 pixels NFTs on the Solana Blockchain. Each SolanaMonkey is unique and comes with different type and attributes varying in rarity.',
seller_fee_basis_points: 600,
image: 'https://arweave.net/tZrNpbFUizSoFnyTqP4n2e1Tf7WvP3siUwFWKMMid_Q',
external_url: 'https://solanamonkey.business/',
collection: { name: 'SMB Gen2', family: 'SMB' },
attributes: [
{ trait_type: 'Attributes Count', value: 2 },
{ trait_type: 'Type', value: 'Solana' },
{ trait_type: 'Clothes', value: 'Orange Shirt' },
{ trait_type: 'Ears', value: 'None' },
{ trait_type: 'Mouth', value: 'None' },
{ trait_type: 'Eyes', value: 'Cool Glasses' },
{ trait_type: 'Hat', value: 'None' }
],
properties: {
files: [ [Object], [Object] ],
category: 'image',
creators: [ [Object] ]
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findByMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> mintAddress <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-le-proprietaire-d-un-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-le-proprietaire-d-un-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir le propriétaire d'un NFT</h2><p>Si vous avez la clé de création (mint key) d'un NFT, vous pouvez trouver son propriétaire actuel en regardant le plus grand compte de jetons pour ce mint.</p><p>Rappelez-vous que les NFTs ont une offre de 1, et qu'ils sont indivisibles, ce qui signifie qu'un seul compte de jetons détiendra ce jeton à un moment donné, tandis que tous les autres comptes de jetons pour cette clé de création auront un solde de 0.</p><p>Une fois que le plus grand compte de jeton est identifié, nous pouvons retrouver son propriétaire.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
largestAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parsed<span class="token punctuation">.</span>info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 6ddf6e1d765a193d9cbe146ceeb79ac1cb485ed5f5b37913a8cf5857eff00a9>
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
largestAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parsed<span class="token punctuation">.</span>info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-les-adresses-de-creation-des-nfts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-les-adresses-de-creation-des-nfts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir les adresses de création des NFTs</h2><p>Si vous connaissez la clé publique de la <em>Candy Machine</em>, vous pouvez obtenir la liste de toutes les adresses de création des NFTs générées par cette <em>Candy Machine</em> en utilisant le code suivant. Notez que nous pouvons utiliser le filtre <code>memcmp</code> suivant car, dans la v1, le premier créateur est toujours l'adresse de la <em>Candy Machine</em>.</p><h3 id="candy-machine-v1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#candy-machine-v1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Candy Machine V1</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">9</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="candy-machine-v2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#candy-machine-v2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Candy Machine V2</h3><p>Si vous utilisez une <em>Candy Machine v2</em>, vous devrez d'abord accéder à son adresse "Candy Machine Creator" qui est un simple PDA utilisant <code>candy_machine</code> et l'adresse de la <em>Candy Machine v2</em> comme seeds. Une fois que vous avez l'adresse du créateur, vous pouvez l'utiliser de la même manière que pour la v1.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">9</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"cndy3Z4yapfJBmL3ShUp5exZKqR3z33thTzeNMm2gRZ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
candyMachine<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"candy_machine"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> candyMachine<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
candyMachine<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"candy_machine"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> candyMachine<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-recuperer-tous-les-nfts-d-un-portefeuille" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-recuperer-tous-les-nfts-d-un-portefeuille" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment récupérer tous les NFTs d'un portefeuille ?</h2><p>Pour obtenir tous les NFTs d'un portefeuille, vous devrez obtenir tous les comptes de jetons et ensuite analyser lesquels sont des NFTs. Tout cela peut être fait en utilisant <a href="https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/js/blob/248b61baf89a69b88f9a461e32b1cbd54a9b0a18/src/programs/metadata/accounts/Metadata.ts#L220-L236" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>findDataByOwner</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de la bibliothèque js Metaplex.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allNFTs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> owner <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allNFTs<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allNFTs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> owner <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allNFTs<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#comment-envoyer-des-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment envoyer des SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment envoyer des SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#comment-envoyer-des-jetons-spl" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment envoyer des jetons SPL"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment envoyer des jetons SPL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#comment-calculer-les-couts-de-transaction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment calculer les coûts de transaction"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment calculer les coûts de transaction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#getestimatedfee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="getEstimatedFee"><!--[--><!--]--> getEstimatedFee <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#getfeeformessage" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="getFeeForMessage"><!--[--><!--]--> getFeeForMessage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#comment-ajouter-un-memo-a-une-transaction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment ajouter un mémo à une transaction"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment ajouter un mémo à une transaction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html#comment-changer-le-budget-de-calcul-les-frais-la-priorisation-d-une-transaction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment changer le budget de calcul, les frais, & la priorisation d'une transaction"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment changer le budget de calcul, les frais, & la priorisation d'une transaction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="envoyer-des-transactions" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#envoyer-des-transactions" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Envoyer des Transactions</h1><h2 id="comment-envoyer-des-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-envoyer-des-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment envoyer des SOL</h2><p>Pour envoyer des SOL, vous devez interagir avec le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SystemProgram<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li 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stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transaction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Transaction
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program <span class="token keyword">import</span> TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transfer
LAMPORT_PER_SOL <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
sender <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
receiver <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
airdrop <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> LAMPORT_PER_SOL<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
airdrop_signature <span class="token operator">=</span> airdrop<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>confirm_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdrop_signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">(</span>TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sender<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">(</span>TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sender<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> frompubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> topubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>to<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_to_send <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Airdropping some Sol to the 'from' account</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Creating the transfer sol instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>topubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Putting the transfer sol instruction into a transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Failed to get latest blockhash."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Sending the transfer sol transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error transferring Sol:, {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-envoyer-des-jetons-spl" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-envoyer-des-jetons-spl" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment envoyer des jetons SPL</h2><p>Utilisez le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme de Jetons (Token Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour transférer des jetons SPL. Pour envoyer un jeton SPL, vous devez connaître son adresse de compte de jeton SPL. Vous pouvez à la fois obtenir l'adresse et envoyer des jetons avec l'exemple suivant.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createTransferInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Generate a new wallet keypair and airdrop SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromWallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Wait for airdrop confirmation</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fromAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Generate a new wallet to receive newly minted token</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toWallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new token mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">9</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the token account of the fromWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//get the token account of the toWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Minting 1 new token to the "fromTokenAccount" account we just returned/created</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// it's 1 token, but in lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">web3</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
splToken<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
splToken<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> createTransferInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendSPLTokenToAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class="token number">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Transfer <span class="token number">50</span> tokens
Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi
Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks
Signature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class="token number">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Transfer <span class="token number">50</span> tokens
Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi
Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks
Signature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-calculer-les-couts-de-transaction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-calculer-les-couts-de-transaction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment calculer les coûts de transaction</h2><p>Le nombre de signatures requises pour une transaction est utilisé pour calculer le le coût de la transaction. Tant que vous ne créez pas de compte, ce sera le coût final de la transaction. Pour en savoir plus sur les coûts de création d'un compte, consultez <a href="/fr/references/accounts.html#calculating-rent-exemption" class="">calcul de l'exemption de la rente</a></p><p>Les deux exemples ci-dessous montrent les deux manières actuellement disponibles pour calculer le coût estimé de la transaction.</p><p>Le premier exemple utilise <code>getEstimatedFee</code>, qui est une nouvelle méthode de la classe <code>Transaction</code>, tandis que le second exemple utilise <code>getFeeForMessage</code> qui remplace <code>getFeeCalculatorForBlockhash</code> de la classe <code>Connection</code>.</p><h3 id="getestimatedfee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#getestimatedfee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> getEstimatedFee</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payee <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getEstimatedFee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getEstimatedFee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="getfeeformessage" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#getfeeformessage" aria-hidden="true">#</a> getFeeForMessage</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payee <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> type <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>Transfer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">alloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>layout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> layoutFields <span class="token operator">=</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> instruction<span class="token operator">:</span> type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>index <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>layout<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>layoutFields<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
accountKeys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
header<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
numReadonlySignedAccounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
numRequiredSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
accounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programIdIndex<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getFeeForMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getFeeForMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-ajouter-un-memo-a-une-transaction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-ajouter-un-memo-a-une-transaction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment ajouter un mémo à une transaction</h2><p>Toute transaction peut ajouter un message en utilisant le <a href="https://spl.solana.com/memo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">programme mémo<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Actuellement le <code>programID</code> du <strong>Programme Mémo</strong> doit être ajouté manuellement <code>MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> --with-memo <span class="token operator"><</span>MEMO<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> --with-memo <span class="token operator"><</span>MEMO<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-changer-le-budget-de-calcul-les-frais-la-priorisation-d-une-transaction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-changer-le-budget-de-calcul-les-frais-la-priorisation-d-une-transaction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment changer le budget de calcul, les frais, & la priorisation d'une transaction</h2><p>La priorisation d'une transaction (TX) est obtenue en payant des Frais de Priorisation en plus des Frais de Base. Par défaut, le budget de calcul est le produit de 200 000 unités de calcul (UC) * le nombre d'instructions, avec un maximum de 1,4 million d'UC. Les Frais de Base sont de 5 000 Lamports. Un microLamport est 0.000001 Lamports.</p><p>Le budget total de calcul ou les Frais de Priorisation pour une seule TX peuvent être modifiés en ajoutant des instructions du programme ComputeBudgetProgram.</p><p><code>ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitPrice({ microLamports: number })</code> ajoutera des Frais de Priorisation en plus des Frais de Base (5 000 Lamports). La valeur fournie en microLamports sera multipliée par le budget de l'UC pour déterminer les Frais de Priorisation en Lamports. Par exemple, si votre budget de l'UC est de 1M d'UC, et que vous ajoutez 1 microLamport/UC, les Frais de Priorisation seront de 1 Lamport (1M * 0,000001). Les frais totaux seront alors de 5001 Lamports.</p><p>Utilisez <code>ComputeBudgetProgram.setComputeUnitLimit({ units: number })</code> pour définir le nouveau budget de calcul. La valeur fournie remplacera la valeur par défaut. Les transactions doivent demander la quantité minimale d'UC nécessaire à l'exécution afin de maximiser le débit ou de minimiser les frais.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/anchor"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
units<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000000</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
microLamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Total fee will be 5,001 Lamports for 1M CU</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
units<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000000</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
microLamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief Example Budget Management</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">message<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">compute_budget<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits the program instruction as per the instruction definition</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Increase the Transaction Budget and call normal instruction(s)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Here we send redundant transactions to witness Compute Budget drawdown</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">send_instructions_demo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>
<span class="token comment">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1_000_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> txn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>
<span class="token comment">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1_000_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Exemple de journal de programme (<a href="https://explorer.solana.com/tx/2mNPXeoy3kFxo12L8avsEoep65S4Ehvw2sheduDrAXbmmNJwTtXNmUrb5MM3s15eki2MWSQrwyKGAUQFZ9wAGo9K/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Explorer<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> ):</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Log Output</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-txt"><code>[ 1] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]
[ 2] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success
[ 3]
[ 4] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]
[ 5] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#registre-de-noms" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Registre de noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Registre de noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#resolution-des-domaines-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Résolution des domaines SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Résolution des domaines SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#recherche-inversee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Recherche inversée"><!--[--><!--]--> Recherche inversée <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#recherche-des-sous-domaines" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Recherche des sous-domaines"><!--[--><!--]--> Recherche des sous-domaines <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#trouver-tous-les-noms-de-domaine-appartenant-a-une-cle-publique" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Trouver tous les noms de domaine appartenant à une clé publique"><!--[--><!--]--> Trouver tous les noms de domaine appartenant à une clé publique <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#resoudre-un-pseudo-twitter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Résoudre un pseudo Twitter"><!--[--><!--]--> Résoudre un pseudo Twitter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/name-service.html#recherche-inversee-d-un-pseudo-twitter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Recherche inversée d'un pseudo Twitter"><!--[--><!--]--> Recherche inversée d'un pseudo Twitter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="service-de-noms" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#service-de-noms" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Service de Noms</h1><h2 id="registre-de-noms" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#registre-de-noms" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Registre de noms</h2><p>Le registre de noms stocke les informations relatives au nom de domaine. Il est composé de deux choses :</p><ul><li>L'en-tête</li><li>Les données</li></ul><p>Les données d'un nom de domaine sont toujours précédées de l'en-tête, ci-dessous la structure de l'en-tête en JS :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Schema <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">NameRegistryState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> schema<span class="token operator">:</span> Schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parentName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"class"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>class <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>class<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">NameRegistryState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> schema<span class="token operator">:</span> Schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parentName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"class"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>class <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>class<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resolution-des-domaines-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resolution-des-domaines-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Résolution des domaines SOL</h2><p>Les domaines .SOL sont des noms de domaine uniques et faciles à utiliser par l'homme qui se convertissent en clés publiques. De nombreux portefeuilles les utilisent comme une autre option pour envoyer des jetons ou des SOL. Vous pouvez convertir les domaines .SOL en leur clé publique de la manière suivante :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
getHashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getNameAccountKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"levi.sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>domain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// SOL TLD Authority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nameAccountKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span>registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> domain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"levi.sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>domain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// SOL TLD Authority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nameAccountKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span>registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="recherche-inversee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#recherche-inversee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Recherche inversée</h2><p>Cela peut être utilisé pour déterminer le nom de domaine à partir de sa clé publique</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> performReverseLookup <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">performReverseLookup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> domainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// bonfida</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">performReverseLookup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> domainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// bonfida</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="recherche-des-sous-domaines" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#recherche-des-sous-domaines" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Recherche des sous-domaines</h2><p>Pour résoudre un sous-domaine, vous devez :</p><ol><li>Obtenir la clé du domaine parent</li><li>Obtenir la clé du sous-domaine</li><li>Récupérer les informations du compte</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
getHashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getNameAccountKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getDNSRecordAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Resolution of demo.bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"demo"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedParentDomain<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 2</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 3</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"demo"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedParentDomain<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 2</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 3</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="trouver-tous-les-noms-de-domaine-appartenant-a-une-cle-publique" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#trouver-tous-les-noms-de-domaine-appartenant-a-une-cle-publique" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Trouver tous les noms de domaine appartenant à une clé publique</h2><p>Vous pouvez récupérer tous les noms de domaine d'un portefeuille en faisant une requête <code>getProgramAccounts</code> avec un filtre <code>memcmp</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
userAccount<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> userAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
userAccount<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> userAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resoudre-un-pseudo-twitter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resoudre-un-pseudo-twitter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Résoudre un pseudo Twitter</h2><p>Les pseudos Twitter peuvent être <a href="https://naming.bonfida.org/#/twitter-registration" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">enregistrés sur le service de nom Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et être utilisés comme des noms de domaine .SOL</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getHandleAndRegistryKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>handle<span class="token punctuation">,</span> registryKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>handle<span class="token punctuation">,</span> registryKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="recherche-inversee-d-un-pseudo-twitter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#recherche-inversee-d-un-pseudo-twitter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Recherche inversée d'un pseudo Twitter</h2><p>Pour trouver l'adresse SOL associée à un pseudo Twitter, vous pouvez effectuer une recherche inversée</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getTwitterRegistry <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handle<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handle<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html#signer-la-transaction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Signer la Transaction"><!--[--><!--]--> Signer la Transaction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html#transaction-avec-signature-partielle" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Transaction avec Signature Partielle"><!--[--><!--]--> Transaction avec Signature Partielle <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html#nonce-durable" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Nonce Durable"><!--[--><!--]--> Nonce Durable <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html#creer-un-compte-de-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Créer un Compte de Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Créer un Compte de Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html#obtenir-le-compte-de-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir le Compte de Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir le Compte de Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html#utiliser-le-compte-de-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Utiliser le Compte de Nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Utiliser le Compte de Nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transactions-hors-connexion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transactions-hors-connexion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transactions hors connexion</h1><h2 id="signer-la-transaction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#signer-la-transaction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Signer la Transaction</h2><p>Pour créer une transaction hors connexion, vous devez signer la transaction, puis n'importe qui peut la diffuser sur le réseau.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button 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class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> nacl <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// to complete a offline transaction, I will seperate them into four steps</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Create Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Recover Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send Transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// create connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// create a example tx, alice transfer to bob and feePayer is `feePayer`</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice and feePayer are signer in this tx</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bob <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Create Transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> bob<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getRecentBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> realDataNeedToSign <span class="token operator">=</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serializeMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// the real data singer need to sign.</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// use any lib you like, the main idea is to use ed25519 to sign it.</span>
<span class="token comment">// the return signature should be 64 bytes.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> feePayerSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> aliceSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Recover Tranasction</span>
<span class="token comment">// you can verify signatures before you recovering the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> verifyFeePayerSignatureResult <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// you should use the raw pubkey (32 bytes) to verify</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">verify feePayer signature: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>verifyFeePayerSignatureResult<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> verifyAliceSignatureResult <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">verify alice signature: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>verifyAliceSignatureResult<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// if this process takes too long, your recent blockhash will expire (after 150 blocks).</span>
<span class="token comment">// you can use `durable nonce` to get rid of it.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="transaction-avec-signature-partielle" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transaction-avec-signature-partielle" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transaction avec Signature Partielle</h2><p>Lorsqu'une transaction nécessite plusieurs signatures, vous pouvez la signer partiellement. Les autres signataires peuvent alors la signer et la diffuser sur le réseau.</p><p>Quelques exemples de cas où cela est utile :</p><ul><li>Envoyer un jeton SPL en échange d'un paiement</li><li>Signer une transaction afin de pouvoir en vérifier l'authenticité ultérieurement</li><li>Appeler des programmes personnalisés dans une transaction qui nécessitent votre signature</li></ul><p>Dans cet exemple, Bob envoie à Alice un jeton SPL en échange de son paiement :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> base58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/* The transaction:
* - sends 0.01 SOL from Alice to Bob
* - sends 1 token from Bob to Alice
* - is partially signed by Bob, so Alice can approve + send it
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alicePublicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bobKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
base58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Gh9ZwEmdLJ8DscKNTkTqPbNwLNNBjuSzaG9Vp2KGtKJr"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bobTokenAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Alice may not have a token account, so Bob creates one if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> aliceTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Bob pays the fee to create it</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// which token the account is for</span>
alicePublicKey <span class="token comment">// who the token account is for</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the details about the token mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get a recent blockhash to include in the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"finalized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Alice pays the transaction fee</span>
feePayer<span class="token operator">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Transfer 0.01 SOL from Alice -> Bob</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Transfer 1 token from Bob -> Alice</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bobTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// source</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
aliceTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of source account</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount to transfer</span>
tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token comment">// decimals of token</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Partial sign as Bob</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">partialSign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize the transaction and convert to base64 to return it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// We will need Alice to deserialize and sign the transaction</span>
requireAllSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transactionBase64 <span class="token operator">=</span> serializedTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// The caller of this can convert it back to a transaction object:</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. Add an instruction to send the token from Bob to Alice</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bobTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// source</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
aliceTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of source account</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount to transfer</span>
tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token comment">// decimals of token</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Bob partially signs the transaction</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">partialSign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Serialize the transaction without requiring all signatures</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
requireAllSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Alice can deserialize the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="nonce-durable" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#nonce-durable" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Nonce Durable</h2><p><code>RecentBlockhash</code> est une valeur importante pour une transaction. Votre transaction sera rejetée si vous utilisez un hash de blocs récent qui est expiré (après 150 blocs). Vous pouvez utiliser <code>durable nonce</code> pour obtenir un hash de blocs récent qui n'expirera jamais. Pour déclencher ce mécanisme, votre transaction doit</p><ol><li>utiliser un <code>nonce</code> stocké dans le <code>nonce account</code> comme un hash de blocs récent</li><li>mettre l'opération <code>nonce advance</code> dans la première instruction</li></ol><h3 id="creer-un-compte-de-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-un-compte-de-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer un Compte de Nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">nonce account: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceInitialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account pubkey</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceInitialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account pubkey</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="obtenir-le-compte-de-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtenir-le-compte-de-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtenir le Compte de Nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">nonce: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">authority: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authorizedPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">fee calculator: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feeCalculator<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> accountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="utiliser-le-compte-de-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utiliser-le-compte-de-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utiliser le Compte de Nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceAdvance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nonceAccountAuth
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceAdvance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nonceAccountAuth
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
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comptes de jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#comment-definir-l-autorite-sur-les-comptes-de-jetons-ou-de-mints" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment définir l'autorité sur les comptes de jetons ou de mints ?"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment définir l'autorité sur les comptes de jetons ou de mints ? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#comment-approuver-une-delegation-de-jetons" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment approuver une délégation de jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment approuver une délégation de jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#comment-revoquer-une-delegation-de-jetons" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment révoquer une délégation de jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment révoquer une délégation de jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#comment-gerer-les-wrapped-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment gérer les wrapped SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment gérer les wrapped SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#creer-un-compte-de-jetons" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Créer un Compte de Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Créer un Compte de Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#ajouter-un-solde" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Ajouter un solde"><!--[--><!--]--> Ajouter un solde <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/references/token.html#comment-obtenir-tous-les-comptes-de-jetons-par-proprietaire" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment obtenir tous les comptes de jetons par propriétaire"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment obtenir tous les comptes de jetons par propriétaire <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="jeton" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#jeton" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Jeton</h1><h2 id="de-quoi-ai-je-besoin-pour-commencer-avec-spl-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#de-quoi-ai-je-besoin-pour-commencer-avec-spl-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> De quoi ai-je besoin pour commencer avec SPL-Tokens ?</h2><p>Chaque fois que vous interagissez avec des jetons sur Solana, vous interagissez en fait avec la Bibliothèque du Programme Solana (SPL) de Jeton, ou norme SPL-Token. La norme SPL-Token nécessite l'utilisation d'une bibliothèque spécifique, que vous trouverez ci-dessous en fonction de votre langage de programmation.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>"@solana/spl-token": "^0.2.0"
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-creer-un-nouveau-jeton" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-un-nouveau-jeton" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer un nouveau Jeton</h2><p>La création de jetons se fait par la création de ce que l'on appelle un "compte de création" (mint account). Ce compte de création est ensuite utilisé pour créer des jetons sur le compte de jetons d'un utilisateur.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createInitializeMintInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// conneciton</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create mint account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init mint account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint pubkey</span>
<span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// conneciton</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create mint account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init mint account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint pubkey</span>
<span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-un-mint-de-jeton" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-un-mint-de-jeton" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir un "mint" de jeton</h2><p>Afin d'obtenir l'offre actuelle, l'autorité ou les décimales d'un jeton, vous devez obtenir les informations de compte du mint du jeton.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getMint <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAccountPublicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mintAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
address: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>
},
mintAuthority: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
},
supply: 0n,
decimals: 8,
isInitialized: true,
freezeAuthority: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> mintAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-creer-un-compte-de-jeton" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-un-compte-de-jeton" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer un compte de jeton</h2><p>Un compte de jetons est nécessaire pour qu'un utilisateur puisse détenir des jetons.</p><p>Un utilisateur aura au moins un compte de jeton pour chaque type de jeton qu'il possède.</p><p>Les Comptes de Jetons Associés (ATAs) sont des comptes créés de façon déterministe pour chaque paire de clés (keypair). Les ATAs sont la méthode recommandée pour la gestion des comptes de jetons.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2SKpuBU9ksneBZD4nqbZkw75NE11HsSHsGRtW2BZh5aQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">ATA: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) composed by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// calculate ATA</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">ATA: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// if your wallet is off-curve, you should use</span>
<span class="token comment">// let ata = await getAssociatedTokenAddress(</span>
<span class="token comment">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice.publicKey // owner</span>
<span class="token comment">// true, // allowOwnerOffCurve</span>
<span class="token comment">// );</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// ata</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
mintPubkey <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) composed by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// ata</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
mintPubkey <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-un-compte-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-un-compte-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir un compte de jetons</h2><p>Chaque compte de jetons a des informations sur le jeton comme le propriétaire, le mint, le montant (solde), et les décimales.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getAccount <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
address: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 16aef79dfadb39ffedb3b6f77688b8c162b18bb9cba2ffefe152303629ae3030>
},
mint: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>
},
owner: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
},
amount: 0n,
delegate: null,
delegatedAmount: 0n,
isInitialized: true,
isFrozen: false,
isNative: false,
rentExemptReserve: null,
closeAuthority: null
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-le-solde-d-un-compte-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-le-solde-d-un-compte-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir le solde d'un compte de jetons</h2><p>Le compte de jetons possède le solde du jeton, qui peut être récupéré en un seul appel.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAmount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tokenAmount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tokenAmount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAmount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_token_account_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>token_account<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"amount: {}, decimals: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_token_account_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>token_account<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Un compte de jetons ne peut contenir qu'un seul type de mint. Lorsque vous spécifiez un compte de jetons vous spécifiez également un mint.</p></div><h2 id="comment-creer-mint-de-nouveaux-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-creer-mint-de-nouveaux-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment créer (mint) de nouveaux jetons</h2><p>Lorsque vous créez des jetons, vous augmentez l'offre et transférez les nouveaux jetons vers un compte de jetons spécifique.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createMintToCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintToChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintToChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// if alice is a multisig account</span>
<span class="token comment">// let txhash = await mintToChecked(</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection, // connection</span>
<span class="token comment">// feePayer, // fee payer</span>
<span class="token comment">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>
<span class="token comment">// tokenAccountPubkey, // receiver (should be a token account)</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice.publicKey, // !! mint authority pubkey !!</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1e8, // amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token comment">// 8, // decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...],</span>
<span class="token comment">// );</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + mint authority */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintToChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-transferer-des-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-transferer-des-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment transférer des jetons</h2><p>Vous pouvez transférer des jetons d'un compte de jetons à un autre compte de jetons.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
transferChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountXPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountYPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">transferChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">transferChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-bruler-des-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-bruler-des-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment brûler des jetons</h2><p>Vous pouvez brûler un jeton si vous en êtes le propriétaire.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
burnChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createBurnCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">burnChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + token authority */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">burnChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-fermer-des-comptes-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-fermer-des-comptes-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment fermer des comptes de jetons</h2><p>Vous pouvez fermer un compte de jetons si vous ne voulez plus l'utiliser. Il y a deux situations :</p><ol><li>Wrapped SOL - La fermeture convertit les Wrapped SOL en SOL</li><li>Other Tokens - Vous ne pouvez le fermer que si le solde du compte de jetons est égal à 0.</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> closeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createCloseAccountInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">closeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">closeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-definir-l-autorite-sur-les-comptes-de-jetons-ou-de-mints" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-definir-l-autorite-sur-les-comptes-de-jetons-ou-de-mints" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment définir l'autorité sur les comptes de jetons ou de mints ?</h2><p>Il est possible de définir/mettre à jour l'autorité. Il en existe 4 types :</p><ol><li>MintTokens (pour un compte de mint)</li><li>FreezeAccount (pour un compte de mint)</li><li>AccountOwner (pour un compte de jetons)</li><li>CloseAccount (pour un compte de jetons)</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSetAuthorityInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
setAuthority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> randomGuy <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">random guy: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) for mint account</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.MintTokens</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.FreezeAccount</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) for token account</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.AccountOwner</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.CloseAccount</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">setAuthority</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint account || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current authority</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint acocunt || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current auth</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">feePayer</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">setAuthority</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint account || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current authority</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint acocunt || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current auth</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-approuver-une-delegation-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-approuver-une-delegation-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment approuver une délégation de jetons</h2><p>Il est possible de définir un délégué avec un montant autorisé. Après votre paramétrage, le délégué est comme un autre propriétaire de votre compte de jeton. <code>Un compte de jetons ne peut déléguer qu'à un seul compte à la fois.</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
approveChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createApproveCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> randomGuy <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">approveChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">approveChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-revoquer-une-delegation-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-revoquer-une-delegation-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment révoquer une délégation de jetons</h2><p>La révocation mettra le délégué à <em>null</em> et le montant délégué à 0.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> createRevokeInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> revoke <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DRS5CSgPQp4uvPPcUA34tckfYFNUPNBJi77fVbnSfQHr"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">revoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">revoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-gerer-les-wrapped-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-gerer-les-wrapped-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment gérer les wrapped SOL</h2><p>Les Wrapped SOL sont comme n'importe quel autre jeton. La différence est d'utiliser <code>syncNative</code> et de créer des comptes de jetons spécifiquement sur l'adresse <code>NATIVE_MINT</code>.</p><h3 id="creer-un-compte-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creer-un-compte-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Créer un Compte de Jetons</h3><p>Comme <a href="#create-token-account">Créer un Compte de Jetons</a> mais en remplaçant mint par <code>NATIVE_MINT</code></p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="ajouter-un-solde" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ajouter-un-solde" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Ajouter un solde</h3><p>Il existe deux manières pour ajouter un solde pour Wrapped SOL</p><h4 id="_1-par-un-transfert-de-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-par-un-transfert-de-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1. Par un Transfert de SOL</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSyncNativeInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to create ATA first</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// trasnfer SOL</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>
<span class="token function">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// trasnfer SOL</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>
<span class="token function">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="_2-par-un-transfert-de-jetons" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-par-un-transfert-de-jetons" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2. Par un Transfert de Jetons</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createInitializeAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createTransferInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
closeAccountInstructionData<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createCloseAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to create ATA first</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> auxAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create token account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// rent + amount</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init token account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// transfer WSOL</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
amount
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// close aux account</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create token account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// rent + amount</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init token account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// transfer WSOL</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// close aux account</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-obtenir-tous-les-comptes-de-jetons-par-proprietaire" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-obtenir-tous-les-comptes-de-jetons-par-proprietaire" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment obtenir tous les comptes de jetons par propriétaire</h2><p>Il est possible de récupérer les comptes de jetons par propriétaire. Pour cela, il y a deux façons de procéder.</p><ol><li>Obtenir Tous les Comptes de Jetons</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
response<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">owner: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"decimals"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"amount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"===================="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>Filtrer Par Mint</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"54dQ8cfHsW1YfKYpmdVZhWpb9iSi6Pac82Nf7sg3bVb"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
response<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">owner: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"decimals"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"amount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"===================="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#installer-web3-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Installer Web3.js"><!--[--><!--]--> Installer Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#web3-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Web3.js"><!--[--><!--]--> Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#spl-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="SPL-Token"><!--[--><!--]--> SPL-Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#wallet-adapter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Wallet-Adapter"><!--[--><!--]--> Wallet-Adapter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#installer-rust" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Installer Rust"><!--[--><!--]--> Installer Rust <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#installer-cli" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Installer CLI"><!--[--><!--]--> Installer CLI <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#macos-linux" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="macOS & Linux"><!--[--><!--]--> macOS & Linux <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#windows" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Windows"><!--[--><!--]--> Windows <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html#compiler-a-partir-du-code-source" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Compiler à partir du code source"><!--[--><!--]--> Compiler à partir du code source <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h2 id="installer-web3-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#installer-web3-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Installer Web3.js</h2><p>Il existe quelques bibliothèques que vous pouvez utiliser pour démarrer avec javascript ou typescript sur Solana.<br></p><h3 id="web3-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#web3-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Web3.js</h3><p><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>@solana/web3.js</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> est une bibliothèque qui contient une grande partie des outils de base de Solana pour interagir, envoyer des transactions et lire la blockchain.</p><p>Vous pouvez l'installer avec l'une des commandes suivantes :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token comment"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id="spl-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#spl-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> SPL-Token</h3><p><code>@solana/spl-token</code> est une bibliothèque contenant de nombreux liens JavaScript/TypeScript nécessaires pour interagir avec les jetons SPL. Vous pouvez utiliser cette bibliothèque pour créer de nouveaux jetons SPL, transférer des jetons, etc.</p><p>Vous pouvez l'installer avec l'une des commandes suivantes :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/spl-token
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/spl-token
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token comment"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id="wallet-adapter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#wallet-adapter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Wallet-Adapter</h3><p>Il s'agit d'une collection de bibliothèques appelée <em>Wallet-Adapter</em> qui vous aide à vous connecter à n'importe quel portefeuille dans Solana. Actuellement, ce paquet peut être utilisé avec Svelte, Angular, Vue.js et React. <em>Wallet-adapter</em> peut accélérer l'intégration de votre dApp avec des portefeuilles comme <a href="https://phantom.app/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Phantom<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, <a href="https://solflare.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solflare<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, et plus encore.</p><p>Vous pouvez l'installer avec l'une des commandes suivantes :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
@solana/wallet-adapter-base
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
@solana/wallet-adapter-base
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="installer-rust" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#installer-rust" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Installer Rust</h2><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">MACOS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">LINUX</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> --proto <span class="token string">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> --proto <span class="token string">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Pour Windows, veuillez consulter le <a href="https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">site d'installation de Rust<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><h2 id="installer-cli" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#installer-cli" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Installer CLI</h2><h3 id="macos-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#macos-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> macOS & Linux</h3><p>Ouvrez votre application de terminal préférée.</p><p>Remplacer <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> avec la version souhaitée et installez la <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">dernière version de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> sur votre machine en exécutant :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">sh</span> -c <span class="token string">"<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span><span class="token function">curl</span> -sSfL https://release.solana.com/LATEST_RELEASE/install<span class="token variable">)</span></span>"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Vous pouvez remplacer <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> par l'étiquette de la version correspondante à la version du logiciel que vous souhaitez, ou utiliser l'un des trois noms de canaux symboliques : <code>stable</code>, <code>beta</code>, ou <code>edge</code>. Pour trouver la dernière version, vérifiez les versions disponibles <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Le résultat suivant indique si la mise à jour a réussi :</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>downloading LATEST_RELEASE installer
Configuration: /home/solana/.config/solana/install/config.yml
Active release directory: /home/solana/.local/share/solana/install/active_release
* Release version: LATEST_RELEASE
* Release URL: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/download/LATEST_RELEASE/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
Update successful
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>En fonction de votre système, le message suivant peut apparaitre à la fin de l'installation :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>Please update your <span class="token environment constant">PATH</span> environment variable to include the solana programs:
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Si vous obtenez le message ci-dessus, copiez et collez la commande recommandée en dessous de lui pour mettre à jour le <code>PATH</code>.</p><p>Confirmez que vous avez installé la version désirée de Solana en exécutant :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Après une installation réussie, <code>solana-install update</code> peut être utilisé à tout moment pour facilement mettre à jour le logiciel de Solana vers une version plus récente.</p><h4 id="telechargement-des-fichiers-binaires-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#telechargement-des-fichiers-binaires-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Téléchargement des fichiers binaires (Linux)</h4><p>Alternativement, vous pouvez installer à partir des fichiers binaires au lieu d'utiliser solana-install.</p><p>Téléchargez les fichiers binaires en vous rendant sur <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, téléchargez <strong>solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>, puis extrayez l'archive :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h4 id="telechargement-des-fichiers-binaires-macos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#telechargement-des-fichiers-binaires-macos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Téléchargement des fichiers binaires (macOS)</h4><p>Alternativement, vous pouvez installer à partir des fichiers binaires au lieu d'utiliser solana-install.</p><p>Téléchargez les fichiers binaires en vous rendant sur <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, téléchargez <strong>solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2</strong>, puis extrayez l'archive :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><hr><h3 id="windows" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#windows" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Windows</h3><p>Ouvrez un invite de commandes (<code>cmd.exe</code>) en tant qu'Administrateur.</p><p>Recherchez <em>Invite de commandes</em> dans la barre de recherche de Windows. Lorsque l'application <em>Invite de commandes</em> apparaît, faites un clic droit et sélectionnez "Exécuter en tant qu'administrateur". Si une fenêtre contextuelle vous demande "Voulez-vous autoriser cette application à apporter des modifications à votre appareil ?", cliquez sur "Oui".</p><p>Copiez et collez la commande suivante, puis appuyez sur Entrée pour télécharger le programme d'installation de Solana dans un répertoire temporaire :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> https://release.solana.com/v1.9.16/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe --output C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-init.exe --create-dirs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Si <code>v1.9.16</code> n'est pas la version que vous souhaitez, trouver la dernière version <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Copiez et collez la commande suivante, puis appuyez sur Entrée pour installer la dernière version de Solana. Si vous voyez un pop-up de sécurité de votre système, veuillez sélectionner l'autorisation de l'exécution du programme.</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-init.exe v1.9.16
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Pour trouver la dernière version, vérifiez les versions disponibles <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Lorsque le programme d'installation est terminé, appuyez sur Entrée.</p><p>Fermez l'invite de commandes et réouvrez-en une en tant qu'utilisateur normal.</p><p>Recherchez <em>Invite de commandes</em> dans la barre de recherche de Windows,faites un clic gauche sur l'icone de l'application (pas besoin de l'éxécuter en tant qu'Administrateur).</p><p>Confirmez que vous avez installé la version désirée de Solana en exécutant :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Après une installation réussie, <code>solana-install update</code> peut être utilisé à tout moment pour facilement mettre à jour le logiciel de Solana vers une version plus récente.</p><h4 id="telechargement-des-fichiers-binaires" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#telechargement-des-fichiers-binaires" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Téléchargement des fichiers binaires</h4><p>Alternativement, vous pouvez installer à partir des fichiers binaires au lieu d'utiliser solana-install.</p><p>Téléchargez les fichiers binaires en vous rendant sur <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, téléchargez <strong>solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>, puis extrayez l'archive en utilisant WinZip ou similaire.</p><p>Ouvrez un <em>Invite de commandes</em> et naviguez vers le réportoire dans lequel vous avez extrait les fichiers binaires et éxécutez la commande suivante :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span>%cd%/bin<span class="token punctuation">;</span>%<span class="token environment constant">PATH</span>%
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="compiler-a-partir-du-code-source" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compiler-a-partir-du-code-source" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compiler à partir du code source</h3><p>Si vous ne pouvez pas utiliser les fichiers binaires pré-construits ou que vous préférez le construire vous-même à partir du code source, rendez-vous sur <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, et téléchargez l'archive <strong>Source Code</strong>. Extrayez le code et compilez les fichiers binaires avec la commande suivante :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>./scripts/cargo-install-all.sh <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>Vous pouvez alors lancer la commande suivante pour obtenir le même résultat qu'avec les fichiers binaires préconstruits :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-install init
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/" class="" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#configuration-pour-la-serialisation-avec-borsh" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Configuration pour la sérialisation avec Borsh"><!--[--><!--]--> Configuration pour la sérialisation avec Borsh <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#comment-serialiser-les-donnees-d-instruction-cote-client" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment sérialiser les données d'instruction côté client"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment sérialiser les données d'instruction côté client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#comment-deserialiser-les-donnees-d-instruction-dans-le-programme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment désérialiser les données d'instruction dans le programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment désérialiser les données d'instruction dans le programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#comment-serialiser-des-donnees-du-compte-dans-le-programme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment sérialiser des données du compte dans le programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment sérialiser des données du compte dans le programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#pack" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pack"><!--[--><!--]--> Pack <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#serialisation-deserialisation" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation/Désérialisation"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation/Désérialisation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#utilisation" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Utilisation"><!--[--><!--]--> Utilisation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#comment-deserialisation-des-donnees-du-compte-cote-client" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment désérialisation des données du compte côté client"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment désérialisation des données du compte côté client <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#mappages-courants-de-solana-ts-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Mappages courants de Solana TS/JS"><!--[--><!--]--> Mappages courants de Solana TS/JS <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#constructions-avancees" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Constructions Avancées"><!--[--><!--]--> Constructions Avancées <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#coption" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="COption"><!--[--><!--]--> COption <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/serialization.html#ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="serialisation-des-donnees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#serialisation-des-donnees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sérialisation des données</h1><p>Lorsque nous parlons de sérialisation, nous parlons aussi bien de la sérialisation des données que de leur désérialisation.</p><p>La sérialisation entre en jeu à certains moments du cycle de vie des comptes de programmes et du programme de Solana :</p><ol><li>Sérialisation des données d'instruction côté client</li><li>Désérialiser des données d'instruction dans le programme</li><li>Sérialisation des données du compte dans le programme</li><li>Désérialisation des données du compte côté client</li></ol><p>Il est important que les actions ci-dessus soient toutes prises en charge par la même approche de sérialisation. Les snippets inclus montrent la sérialisation en utilisant <a href="#ressources">Borsh</a>.</p><p>Les exemples figurant dans la suite de ce document sont des extraits du <a href="#ressources">modèle de programme CLI de Solana</a></p><h2 id="configuration-pour-la-serialisation-avec-borsh" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#configuration-pour-la-serialisation-avec-borsh" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Configuration pour la sérialisation avec Borsh</h2><p>Les bibliothèques pour Borsh doivent être configurées pour le programme Rust, le client Rust, Node et/ou le client Python.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Program</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Node Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-toml"><code><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"solana-cli-template-program-bpf"</span>
<span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
<span class="token key property">license</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"WTFPL"</span>
<span class="token comment"># See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">features</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">no-entrypoint</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">borsh</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.9.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-derive</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.3"</span>
<span class="token key property">num_enum</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.5.1"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-integer</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.44"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-traits</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">sol-template-shared</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"../shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-program</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">thiserror</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.0"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dev-dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-program-test</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-sdk</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">lib</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">crate-type</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"cdylib"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"lib"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-toml"><code><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"cli-program-template"</span>
<span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.5"</span>
<span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
<span class="token key property">license</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"WTFPL"</span>
<span class="token key property">publish</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">borsh</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.9.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">clap</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2.33.3"</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">serde</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.0.125"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key property">features</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"derive"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">serde_yaml</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.8.17"</span>
<span class="token key property">sol-template-shared</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-clap-utils</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-cli-config</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-client</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-logger</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-remote-wallet</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-sdk</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">tokio</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key property">features</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"full"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">workspace</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">members</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"program"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dev-dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-validator</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-streamer</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-json ext-json line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-json"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"name"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"ts-program-template"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"version"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"description"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Sample TS App"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"main"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"client/nmain.ts"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"author"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"keywords"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"workspace"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"client/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"repository"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"type"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"git"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"url"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"homepage"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"scripts"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"test:all"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"npm run build:client && npm run test:client"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"build:client"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"rm -rf ./.dist/client && tsc "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"start"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"node ./node_modules/.bin/mocha .dist/client/main.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"test:client"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"npm run start"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"lint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"eslint --ext .ts client/* && prettier --check \"client/**/*.ts\""</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"lint:fix"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"eslint --ext .ts client/* --fix"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"pretty"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"prettier --write '{,client/**/}*.ts'"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"devDependencies"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"@tsconfig/recommended"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/chai"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.3.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/eslint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^7.28.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^3.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/mkdirp"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/mocha"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^9.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^2.4.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.6.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@typescript-eslint/parser"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.6.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"chai"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.3.4"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^8.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-config-google"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.14.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-config-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^8.3.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"html-webpack-plugin"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.5.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"mocha"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^9.1.3"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^2.4.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"start-server-and-test"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.14.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"ts-node"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^10.4.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"typescript"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.5.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"dependencies"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.31.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"borsh"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.7.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"env"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.0.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"fs"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.0.1-security"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"mkdirp"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.4"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"npm-check-updates"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^12.0.3"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"sync-request"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^6.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"update"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.4.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-txt"><code>borsh-construct==0.1.0
solana==0.20.0
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-serialiser-les-donnees-d-instruction-cote-client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-serialiser-les-donnees-d-instruction-cote-client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment sérialiser les données d'instruction côté client</h2><img src="/assets/ser1.ceec0bad.png" alt="Serialize Instruction Data"><p>Si vous sérialisez des données d'instructions sortantes pour les envoyer à un programme, vous devez tenir compte de la manière dont le programme désérialise les données d'instruction entrantes.</p><p>Dans ce modèle, un bloc de données d'instruction est un tableau sérialisé qui contient par exemple :</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction (Indice variable)</th><th>Clé de sérialisation</th><th>Valeur sérialisée</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Initialize (0)</td><td>non applicable pour l'instruction</td><td>non applicable pour l'instruction</td></tr><tr><td>Mint (1)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>"bar"</td></tr><tr><td>Transfer (2)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>non applicable pour l'instruction</td></tr><tr><td>Burn (2)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>non applicable pour l'instruction</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Dans l'exemple suivant, nous supposons que le compte propriétaire du programme a été initialisé</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Include borsh functionality</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get Solana</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>
<span class="token comment">// to the object instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> properties<span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our instruction payload vocabulary</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Borsh needs a schema describing the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payloadSchema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
Payload<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"key"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction variant indexes</span>
<span class="token keyword">enum</span> InstructionVariant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
InitializeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
MintKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransferKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
BurnKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Mint a key value pair to account
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Connection<span class="token punctuation">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> progId - Sample Program public key
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> account - Target program owned account for Mint
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Keypair<span class="token punctuation">}</span> wallet - Wallet for signing and payment
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>string<span class="token punctuation">}</span> mintKey - The key being minted key
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>string<span class="token punctuation">}</span> mintValue - The value being minted
* <span class="token keyword">@return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Promise<Keypair><span class="token punctuation">}</span> - Keypair
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">mintKV</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
progId<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintKey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintValue<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
id<span class="token operator">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token operator">:</span> mintKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 'ts key'</span>
value<span class="token operator">:</span> mintValue<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 'ts first value'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintSerBuf <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payloadSchema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// console.log(mintSerBuf)</span>
<span class="token comment">// => <Buffer 01 06 00 00 00 74 73 20 6b 65 79 0e 00 00 00 74 73 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 76 61 6c 75 65></span>
<span class="token comment">// let mintPayloadCopy = deserialize(schema, Payload, mintSerBuf)</span>
<span class="token comment">// console.log(mintPayloadCopy)</span>
<span class="token comment">// => Payload { id: 1, key: 'ts key', value: 'ts first value' }</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create Solana Instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> mintSerBuf<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> progId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Send Solana Transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transactionSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
commitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"singleGossip"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
preflightCommitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"singleGossip"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Signature = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> transactionSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> transactionSignature<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U8
<span class="token keyword">from</span> enum <span class="token keyword">import</span> IntEnum
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transaction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Transaction
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>instruction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AccountMeta
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>responses <span class="token keyword">import</span> SendTransactionResp
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token comment"># Instruction variants for target program</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">InstructionVariant</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>IntEnum<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
INITIALIZE <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>
MINT <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
TRANSFER <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
BURN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token comment"># Schema for sending instructionVariants to on-chain sample program</span>
payload_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"id"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"key"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"value"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">construct_payload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Generate a serialized instructionVariant"""</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> payload_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>build<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> instruction_variant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"key"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> value<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">mint_kv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_kp<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token operator">></span> SendTransactionResp<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Mint with a key/value pair to an account"""</span>
<span class="token comment"># Construct the program payload for Mint invariant</span>
payload_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> construct_payload<span class="token punctuation">(</span>InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MINT<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># print(payload_ser)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => b'\x01\n\x00\x00\x00python key\x0c\x00\x00\x00python value'</span>
<span class="token comment"># mint_payload_copy = payload_schema.parse(payload_ser)</span>
<span class="token comment"># print(mint_payload_copy)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => initialized = 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => key = u'python key' (total 10)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => value = u'python value' (total 12)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Construct the transaction with instructionVariant</span>
txn <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Instruction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>AccountMeta<span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token operator">=</span>program_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>payload_ser
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet_kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': '4ZdpWNdovdVaLextWSiqEBWp67k9rNTTUaX3qviHDXWY9c98bVtaRt5sasPhYzMVXHqhex78gzNKytcBnVH5CSTZ', 'id': 2}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>
<span class="token comment">/// Instruction payload gets serialized</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Payload</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Perform a mint transaction consisting of a key/value pair</span>
<span class="token comment">/// See submit_transaction below</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">mint_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_instruction_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup the payload. `mint_instruction_id` is instruction variant index = 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token operator"><</span>`_<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_instruction_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_value<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits the program instruction as per the</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction definition</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _fee_calculator<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner_and_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-deserialiser-les-donnees-d-instruction-dans-le-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-deserialiser-les-donnees-d-instruction-dans-le-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment désérialiser les données d'instruction dans le programme</h2><img src="/assets/ser2.38d4ca5b.png" alt="Deserialize Instruction Data"><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintToAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Generic Payload Deserialization</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Payload</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
arg1<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
arg2<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>variant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MintToAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">6</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DeserializationFailure</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-serialiser-des-donnees-du-compte-dans-le-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-serialiser-des-donnees-du-compte-dans-le-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment sérialiser des données du compte dans le programme</h2><img src="/assets/ser3.7cdd43c8.png" alt="Account Data Serialization"><p>Le bloc de données du compte du programme (provenant du répertoire d'exemples) est structuré comme suit</p><table><thead><tr><th>Byte 0</th><th>Bytes 1-4</th><th>Bytes restants jusqu'à 1019</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Drapeau d'initialisation</td><td>longueur de la BTreeMap sérialisée</td><td>BTreeMap (où les paires clé-valeur sont stockées)</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="pack" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pack" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pack</h3><p>Un mot sur le trait <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/22a18a68e3ee68ae013d647e62e12128433d7230/sdk/program/src/program_pack.rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pack<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>Le trait pack permet de cacher plus facilement les détails de la sérialisation/désérialisation des données de compte dans les instructions de traitement de votre programme principal. Ainsi, au lieu de mettre tout le processus de sérialisation/désérialisation dans le code de traitement du programme, il encapsule les détails derrière (3) fonctions :</p><ol><li><code>unpack_unchecked</code> - Permet de désérialiser un compte sans vérifier s'il a été initialisé. Ceci est utile lorsque vous traitez la fonction d'initialisation (indice 0).</li><li><code>unpack</code> - Appelle votre implémentation de <code>unpack_from_slice</code> et vérifie si le compte a été initialisé</li><li><code>pack</code> - Appelle votre implémentation de <code>pack_into_slice</code></li></ol><p>Voici l'implémentation du trait Pack pour notre programme d'exemple. Vient ensuite le traitement effectif des données du compte à l'aide de borsh.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains global accumulator</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Returns indicator if this account has been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Adds a new key/value pair to the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">KeyAlreadyExists</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Removes a key from account and returns the keys value</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">KeyNotFoundInAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Pack expects the implementation to satisfy whether the</span>
<span class="token comment">// account is initialzed.</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> btree_map<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> btree_map<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="serialisation-deserialisation" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#serialisation-deserialisation" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sérialisation/Désérialisation</h3><p>Pour compléter la sérialisation et la désérialisation sous-jacentes :</p><ol><li><code>sol_template_shared::pack_into_slice</code> - Où la sérialisation se produit effectivement</li><li><code>sol_template_shared::unpack_from_slice</code> - Où la désérialisation se produit effectivement</li></ol><p><strong>Veuillez noter</strong> que dans ce qui suit, nous avons une partition <code>u32</code> (4 bytes) dans la configuration des données pour <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> qui précède <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code>. Cela est dû au fait que borsh, pendant la désérialisation, vérifie que la longueur de la portion que vous désérialisez correspond à la quantité de données qu'il lit avant de recombiner effectivement l'objet de réception. L'approche présentée ci-dessous lit d'abord le <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> pour obtenir la taille à <code>slice</code> à partir du pointeur <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_memory<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>sol_memcpy<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialization flag size for account state</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Storage for the serialized size of the BTreeMap control</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Storage for the serialized BTreeMap container</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1019</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sum of all account state lengths</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Packs the initialized flag and data content into destination slice</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dst <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_mut_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">mut_array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Set the initialized flag</span>
is_initialized_dst<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> is_initialized <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Store the core data length and serialized content</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keyval_store_data <span class="token operator">=</span> btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> keyval_store_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data_len_dst<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">copy_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_len <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sol_memcpy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>keyval_store_data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">panic!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpacks the data from slice and return the initialized flag and data content</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> src <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"unrecognized initialization flag \"{:?}\". in account"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_initialized_src
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get current size of content in data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// If emptry, create a default</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_dser <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>data_src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>data_len<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="utilisation" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#utilisation" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Utilisation</h3><p>Ce qui suit regroupe tout cela et montre comment le programme interagit avec le <code>ProgramAccountState</code> qui encapsule le drapeau d'initialisation ainsi que le <code>BTreeMap</code> correspondant à nos paires clé/valeur.</p><p>D'abord quand nous voulons initialiser un tout nouveau compte :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Initialize a new program account, which is the first in AccountInfo array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Here we use unpack_unchecked as we have yet to initialize</span>
<span class="token comment">// Had we tried to use unpack it would fail because, well, chicken and egg</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// We double check that we haven't already initialized this accounts data</span>
<span class="token comment">// more than once. If we are good, we set the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Finally, we store back to the accounts space</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Nous pouvons maintenant opérer sur nos autres instructions comme nous pouvons le voir en créant une nouvelle paire clé/valeur que nous avons précédemment montrée lors de l'envoi d'instructions depuis un client :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Mint a key/pair to the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">mint_keypair_to_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint to account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpacking an uninitialized account state will fail</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add the key value pair to the underlying BTreeMap</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Finally, serialize back to the accounts data</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="comment-deserialisation-des-donnees-du-compte-cote-client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-deserialisation-des-donnees-du-compte-cote-client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment désérialisation des données du compte côté client</h2><p>Les clients peuvent appeler Solana pour récupérer un compte appartenant à un programme, dans lequel le bloc de données sérialisées fait partie du résultat. La désérialisation nécessite de connaître la structure des blocs de données.</p><p>Celle-ci a été décrite <a href="#account-data-serialization">Ici</a></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
AccountMeta<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>
<span class="token comment">// to the object instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> properties<span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">AccoundData</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dataSchema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
AccoundData<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tree_length"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Fetch program account data
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Connection<span class="token punctuation">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> account - Public key for account whose data we want
* <span class="token keyword">@return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Promise<AccoundData><span class="token punctuation">}</span> - Keypair
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">getAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>AccoundData<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nameAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dataSchema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AccoundData<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nameAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>commitment <span class="token keyword">import</span> Confirmed
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token comment"># Schema to deserialize program's account data</span>
account_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"initialized"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"map_length"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"map"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">get_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Fetch account information from RPC, parse out the data and deserialize"""</span>
res <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_account_info<span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Confirmed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'base64'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> account_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>res<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Results in or similar</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => initialized = 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => map_length = 109</span>
<span class="token comment"># => map = {'Happy': 'New Year!', 'newKey': 'A new value',</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 'python key': 'python value', 'ts key': 'ts first value'}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> src <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"unrecognized initialization flag \"{:?}\". in account"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_initialized_src
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get current size of content in data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// If emptry, create a default</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_dser <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>data_src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>data_len<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="mappages-courants-de-solana-ts-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mappages-courants-de-solana-ts-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mappages courants de Solana TS/JS</h2><p>La <a href="#ressources">Spécification de Borsh</a> contient la plupart des mappages pour les types de données primitifs et composés.</p><p>La clé pour TS/JS et Python est la création d'un schéma Borsh avec une définition appropriée afin que les fonctions de sérialisation et de désérialisation puissent générer ou parcourir les entrées respectives.</p><p>Nous présentons ici la sérialisation de primitives (nombres, chaînes de caractères) et de types composés (tableau à taille fixe, Map) d'abord en Typescript, puis en Python et enfin la désérialisation équivalente du côté de Rust :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token hashbang comment">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> expect <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"chai"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Struct <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Primitive extends the Struct type from Solana Library
* for convenience of dynamic property setting
* <span class="token keyword">@extends</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Struct<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Solana JS Struct class
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Entry point for script *
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Emulate BTreeMap</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"cookbook"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"ingredient"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a Primitive for all basic and a few</span>
<span class="token comment">// compound types</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">U8</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">U16</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">65535</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">U32</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4294967295</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">FIXED_STRING_ARRAY</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"hello"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"world"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">FIXED_U8_ARRAY</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MAP_STRING_STRING</span><span class="token operator">:</span> map<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Define our schema</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
Primitive<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U8"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U16"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u16"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U32"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Value = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize then deserialize</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dser <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>schema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> newValue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>schema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Primitive<span class="token punctuation">,</span> dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Viola!</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"New value = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Fixed string array = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Fixed u8 array = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Map = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U16<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> HashMap
<span class="token comment"># Schema to deserialize various types</span>
primitive_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"U8"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"U16"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U16<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"U32"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">common</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
mapping <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"cookbook"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ingredient"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment"># Serialize</span>
dser <span class="token operator">=</span> primitive_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>build<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">'U8'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">'U16'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">65535</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">'U32'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">4294967295</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'hello'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'world'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> mapping<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => b'\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x05\x00\x00\x00hello\x05\x00\x00\x00world\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x02\x00\x00\x00\x08\x00\x00\x00cookbook\x06\x00\x00\x00recipe\x06\x00\x00\x00recipe\n\x00\x00\x00ingredient'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Deserialize</span>
new_value <span class="token operator">=</span> primitive_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Viola</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U8 = 255</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U16 = 65535</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U32 = 4294967295</span>
<span class="token comment"># => FIXED_STRING_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => hello</span>
<span class="token comment"># => world</span>
<span class="token comment"># => FIXED_U8_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 2</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 3</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 4</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 5</span>
<span class="token comment"># => MAP_STRING_STRING = {'cookbook': 'recipe', 'recipe': 'ingredient'}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">primitives</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> prim <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">255u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">104</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">119</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">107</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">107</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">112</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">112</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">110</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">103</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">110</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">116</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">u16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>prim<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> x<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="constructions-avancees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#constructions-avancees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Constructions Avancées</h2><p>Nous avons montré comment créer des chargements simples dans les exemples précédents. Cette section montrera le mappage approprié entre TS/JS et Rust pour les gérer.</p><h3 id="coption" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#coption" aria-hidden="true">#</a> COption</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token hashbang comment">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Struct <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* COption is meant to mirror the
* `solana_program::options::COption`
*
* This type stores a u32 flag (0 | 1) indicating
* the presence or not of a underlying PublicKey
*
* Similar to a Rust Option
* <span class="token keyword">@extends</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Struct<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Solana JS Struct class
* <span class="token keyword">@implements</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>encode<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Creates a COption from a PublicKey
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey?<span class="token punctuation">}</span> akey
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>akey<span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>akey <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noneOrSome<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubKeyBuffer<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noneOrSome<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubKeyBuffer<span class="token operator">:</span> akey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Serialized COption (this)
*/</span>
<span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Safe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption object
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Unsafe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption object
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">decodeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Defines the layout of the COption object
* for serializing/deserializing
* <span class="token keyword">@type</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Map<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
COption<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Entry point for script *
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// If we get a PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct COption instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Testing COption with "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> indata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> copt_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"copt_ser "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Deserialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tdone <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Validate contains PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pubkey: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Output:
Testing COption with A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU
copt_ser Buffer(36) [1, 0, 0, 0, 135, 202, 71, 214, 68, 105, 98, 176, 211, 130, 105, 2, 55, 187, 86, 186, 109, 176, 80, 208, 77, 100, 221, 101, 20, 203, 149, 166, 96, 171, 119, 35, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 1064, length: 36]
COption {noneOrSome: 1, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32)}
pubkey: A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Testing COption with null"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct COption instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> copt_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Deserialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tdone1 <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Validate does NOT contains PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone1<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token function">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Expected no public key"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pubkey: null"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Output:
Testing COption with null
Buffer(36)[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 2272, length: 36]
COption { noneOrSome: 0, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32) }
pubkey: null
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Test with PublicKey</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Test without PublicKey</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br><span class="line-number">120</span><br><span class="line-number">121</span><br><span class="line-number">122</span><br><span class="line-number">123</span><br><span class="line-number">124</span><br><span class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br><span class="line-number">138</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">program_option<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Emulate how COption is 'unpacked'</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">deser_option</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Map the data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">36</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>base<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ain<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the SOME or NONE u32</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nos <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>base<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct the COption accordingly</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> opt<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> nos <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">None</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_from_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
opt
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">btest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// From Typescript with borsh'ing</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> copt <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">71</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">214</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">211</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">130</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">55</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">187</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">86</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">208</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">77</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">221</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">203</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">166</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">171</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">119</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Emulate COption deserialization</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">deser_option</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>copt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Uh-oh"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// As a Borsh Struct</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">TOption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> toption <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TOption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>copt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_from_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>toption<span class="token number">.1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Some = {:?} Pubkey = {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> toption<span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://borsh.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spécification de Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rust Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TS/JS Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-construct-py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Python Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://near.github.io/borsh-construct-py/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation de Python Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Modèle de programme CLI de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span 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Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#scenario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Scénario"><!--[--><!--]--> Scénario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#statut-de-la-fonctionnalite" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Statut de la Fonctionnalité"><!--[--><!--]--> Statut de la Fonctionnalité <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#test-de-conformite" class="router-link-active 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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="test-de-conformite-des-fonctionnalites" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#test-de-conformite-des-fonctionnalites" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités</h1><p>Lorsque vous testez votre programme, il est essentiel de s'assurer qu'il fonctionnera de la même manière dans différents clusters, tant pour la qualité que pour l'obtention des résultats attendus.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Les fonctionnalités sont des changements qui sont introduits dans le code des validateurs Solana et qui nécessitent une activation pour être utilisés.</li><li>Les fonctionnalités peuvent être activées dans un cluster (par exemple testnet) mais pas dans un autre (par exemple mainnet-beta).</li><li>Cependant, lorsque vous exécutez localement la version par défaut de <code>solana-test-validator</code>, toutes les fonctionnalités disponibles dans votre version de Solana sont automatiquement activées. Le résultat est que lorsque vous testez localement, les fonctionnalités et les résultats de vos tests peuvent ne pas être les mêmes lorsque vous déployez et exécutez dans un cluster différent !</li></ul></div><h2 id="scenario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#scenario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Scénario</h2><p>Supposons que vous ayez une Transaction qui contient trois (3) instructions et que chaque instruction consomme environ 100_000 Unités de Calcul (UC). Lors de l'exécution sur une version Solana 1.8.x, vous observeriez une consommation de CU d'instruction ressemblant à :</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>CU de départ</th><th>Exécution</th><th>CU Restants</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Dans Solana 1.9.2, une fonctionnalité appelée "plafond de calcul pour l'ensemble des transactions (transaction wide compute cap)" a été introduite. Par défaut, une Transaction a un budget de 200_000 CU et les instructions qui la composent vont <strong><em>débiter</em></strong> ce budget de Transaction. L'exécution de la même transaction indiquée ci-dessus aurait un comportement très différent :</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>CU de départ</th><th>Exécution</th><th>CU Restants</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>100_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>FAIL!!!</td><td>FAIL!!!</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Aïe ! Si vous n'en étiez pas conscient, vous seriez probablement frustré car aucun changement dans vos instructions n'aurait pu provoquer ce phénomène. Sur le devnet il fonctionne bien, mais localement il échoue ?!?</p><p>Il est possible d'augmenter le budget global de la Transaction, par exemple à 300_000 UC, et de sauver votre santé mentale, mais cela montre pourquoi les tests avec <strong>_Conformité des Fonctionnalités</strong> constituent un bon moyen d'éviter toute confusion.</p><h2 id="statut-de-la-fonctionnalite" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#statut-de-la-fonctionnalite" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Statut de la Fonctionnalité</h2><p>Il est assez facile de vérifier quelles fonctionnalités sont disponibles pour un cluster donné avec la commande <code>solana feature status</code>.</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana feature status -ud // Displays by feature status for devnet
solana feature status -ut // Displays for testnet
solana feature status -um // Displays for mainnet-beta
solana feature status -ul // Displays for local, requires running solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>Alternativement, vous pouvez utiliser un outil comme <a href="#ressources">scfsd</a> pour observer le statut de toutes les fonctionnalités des différents clusters qui afficherait l'écran partiel montré ici et qui ne nécessite pas l'exécution de <code>solana-test-validator</code> :</p><img src="/assets/scfsd.cc67ec33.png" alt="Feature Status Heatmap"><h2 id="test-de-conformite" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#test-de-conformite" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Test de Conformité</h2><p>Comme indiqué ci-dessus, <code>solana-test-validator</code> active <strong>toutes</strong> les fonctionnalités automatiquement. Donc, pour répondre à la question "Comment puis-je tester localement dans un environnement qui a une conformité avec le devnet, le testnet ou encore le mainnet-beta ?".</p><p>Solution: Des PRs ont été ajoutés à Solana 1.9.6 pour permettre la désactivation des fonctionnalités :</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY> ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id="demonstration-simple" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#demonstration-simple" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Démonstration Simple</h2><p>Supposons que vous ayez un programme simple qui enregistre les données qu'il reçoit en entrée et vous testez une transaction qui ajoute deux (2) instructions à votre programme.</p><h3 id="toutes-les-fonctionnalites-activees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#toutes-les-fonctionnalites-activees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Toutes les fonctionnalités activées</h3><ol><li>Vous lancez le validateur de test dans un terminal :</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana config set -ul
solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Dans un autre terminal, vous démarrez le flux de logs :</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana logs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="3"><li>Vous exécutez ensuite votre transaction. Vous verriez quelque chose de similaire dans le terminal de log (édité pour plus de clarté) :</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[1]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 187157 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success[
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><p>Comme notre fonctionnalité "plafond de calcul pour l'ensemble des transactions" est automatiquement activée par défaut, nous observons que chaque instruction prélève des UC sur le budget de transaction de départ de 200_000 UC.</p><h3 id="fonctionnalites-selectives-desactivees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#fonctionnalites-selectives-desactivees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Fonctionnalités sélectives désactivées</h3><ol><li>Pour cette exécution, nous voulons faire en sorte que le comportement du budget de CU soit en conformité avec ce qui est exécuté sur le devnet. En utilisant le(s) outil(s) décrit(s) dans <a href="#statut-de-la-fonctionnalit%C3%A9">Statut de la Fonctionnalité</a> nous isolons la clé publique <code>transaction wide compute cap</code> et utilisons la fonction <code>--deactivate-feature</code> au démarrage du validateur de test</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --deactivate-feature 5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9 --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Nous voyons maintenant dans nos logs que nos instructions ont maintenant leur propre budget de 200_000 CU (édité pour plus de clarté) qui est actuellement l'état dans tous les clusters :</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="tests-de-conformite-complete" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tests-de-conformite-complete" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tests de Conformité Complète</h2><p>Vous pouvez être en conformité complète avec un cluster donné en identifiant chaque fonctionnalité qui n'est pas encore activée et ajouter un <code>--deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY></code> pour chacune d'entre elles lors de l'exécution de <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_1 --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_2 ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Alternativement, <a href="#ressources">scfsd</a> fournit un switch de commande pour retourner l'ensemble complet des fonctionnalités désactivées pour un cluster afin d'alimenter le démarrage de <code>solana-test-validator</code> :</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./.ledger $(scfsd -c devnet -k -t)
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Si vous ouvrez un autre terminal, alors que le validateur est en cours d'exécution, et que vous tapez <code>solana feature status</code>, vous verrez les fonctionnalités désactivées qui ont été trouvées désactivées sur le devnet</p><h2 id="test-de-conformite-complete-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#test-de-conformite-complete-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Test de Conformité Complète programmé</h2><p>Pour ceux qui contrôlent l'exécution du validateur de test dans leur code de test, il est possible de modifier les fonctions d'activation/désactivation du validateur de test en utilisant TestValidatorGenesis. Avec Solana 1.9.6, une fonction a été ajoutée au constructeur de validateurs pour prendre en charge cette fonction.</p><p>A la racine du dossier de votre programme, créez un nouveau dossier appelé <code>tests</code> et ajoutez un fichier <code>parity_test.rs</code>. Voici les fonctions de base utilisées pour chaque test</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Test Boiler Plate</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>error<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">path<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Use gadget-scfs to get interegate feature lists from clusters</span>
<span class="token comment">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml [dev-dependencies] to use</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">gadgets_scfs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsCriteria</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">message<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Added in Solana 1.9.2</span>
<span class="token namespace">compute_budget<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extended in Solana 1.9.6</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_test_validator<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Location/Name of ProgramTestGenesis ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"./.ledger"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Path to BPF program (*.so) change if needed</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"target/deploy/"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program name from program Cargo.toml</span>
<span class="token comment">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM_NAME</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"PROGRAM_NAME"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program public key</span>
<span class="token comment">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM'S PUBLIC KEY str</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PROGRAMS_PUBLIC_KEY_BASE58_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 'transaction wide compute cap' public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>
<span class="token comment">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>env<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instantiate the test validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> test_validator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>
<span class="token comment">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator
<span class="token comment">// Set the ledger path and name</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ledger_path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add_program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start the test validator</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>
<span class="token comment">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">remove_dir_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Boiler plate</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// UNIT TEST FOLLOWS</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>
<span class="token comment">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>env<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instantiate the test validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> test_validator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>
<span class="token comment">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator
<span class="token comment">// Set the ledger path and name</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ledger_path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add_program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start the test validator</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>
<span class="token comment">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">remove_dir_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Boiler plate</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Nous pouvons maintenant ajouter des fonctions de test dans le corps de <code>mod test {...}</code> pour démontrer la configuration par défaut du validateur (toutes les fonctionnalités activées) et ensuite désactiver <code>transaction wide compute cap</code> acomme dans les exemples précédents en exécutant <code>solana-test-validator</code> à partir de la ligne de commande.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">All Features Test</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Disable Tx CU Test</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_base_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run with all features activated (default for TestValidatorGenesis)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> inv_feat <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inv_feat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the RpcClient</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Capture our programs log statements</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction to demonstrate</span>
<span class="token comment">// that each instruction CU draws down from default Transaction CU (200_000)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_deactivate_tx_cu_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run with all features activated except 'transaction wide compute cap'</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> inv_feat <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inv_feat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the RpcClient</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Capture our programs log statements</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// This instruction adds CU to transaction budget (1.9.2) but does nothing</span>
<span class="token comment">// when we deactivate the 'transaction wide compute cap' feature</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">request_units</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">400_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token comment">// You will see that each instruction has the 1.8.x 200_000 CU per budget</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Alternativement, le <a href="#resources">gadget du moteur scfs (scfs engine gadget)</a> peut produire un vecteur complet de fonctionnalités désactivées pour un cluster. L'exemple suivant démontre l'utilisation de ce moteur pour obtenir une liste de toutes les fonctionnalités désactivées sur le devnet.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Devnet Parity</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_devnet_parity_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Use gadget-scfs to get all deactivated features from devnet</span>
<span class="token comment">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml to use</span>
<span class="token comment">// Here we setup for a run that samples features only</span>
<span class="token comment">// from devnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> my_matrix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsCriteria</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusters<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">Default</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run the sampler matrix</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>my_matrix<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">run</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get all deactivated features</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> deactivated <span class="token operator">=</span> my_matrix
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>any_inactive<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm we have them</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert_ne!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>deactivated<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup test validator and logging while deactivating all</span>
<span class="token comment">// features that are deactivated in devnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>deactivated<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Bon test !</p><h2 id="ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Ressources</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/scfsd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">scfsd<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/gadgets-scfs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">gadget-scfs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html#comment-migrer-les-comptes-de-donnees-d-un-programme" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment migrer les comptes de données d'un programme ?"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment migrer les comptes de données d'un programme ? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html#scenario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Scénario"><!--[--><!--]--> Scénario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html#mise-a-jour-du-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Mise à jour du Compte"><!--[--><!--]--> Mise à jour du Compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html#_1-ajouter-une-logique-de-conversion-de-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="1. Ajouter une logique de conversion de compte"><!--[--><!--]--> 1. Ajouter une logique de conversion de compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html#ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="migration-des-comptes-de-donnees-d-un-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#migration-des-comptes-de-donnees-d-un-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Migration des Comptes de Données d'un Programme</h1><h2 id="comment-migrer-les-comptes-de-donnees-d-un-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comment-migrer-les-comptes-de-donnees-d-un-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comment migrer les comptes de données d'un programme ?</h2><p>Lorsque vous créez un programme, chaque compte de données associé à celui-ci aura une structure de données spécifique. Si vous devez un jour mettre à jour un compte dérivé de programme, vous vous retrouverez avec plusieurs comptes dérivés de programme restants avec l'ancienne structure.</p><p>Grâce à la gestion des versions de comptes, vous pouvez mettre vos anciens comptes à jour vers la nouvelle structure.</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Remarque</p><p>Ce n'est qu'une des nombreuses façons de migrer des données de comptes.</p></div><h2 id="scenario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#scenario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Scénario</h2><p>Pour versionner et migrer les données de nos comptes, nous allons fournir un <strong>id</strong> pour chaque compte. Cet id nous permettra d'identifier la version du compte lorsque nous le transmettrons au programme, et ainsi de le traiter correctement.</p><p>Prenez l'état du compte et le programme suivants :</p><img src="/assets/pav1.1b0417ca.png" alt="Program Account v1"><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Account</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Instruction</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Processor</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">io<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mem<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Currently using state. If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another serializable backlevel one</span>
<span class="token comment">/// before adding new fields here</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Signal initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Gets the current data version</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">version</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data_version
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Account allocated size</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current content data size</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total usage for data only</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to current state of data</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> past <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
past<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Logic to uplift from previous version</span>
<span class="token comment">// GOES HERE</span>
<span class="token comment">// Give back</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> initialized<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Version check</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing consistent data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span 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class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">FailInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>
<span class="token comment">/// in the array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Dans notre première version de compte, nous faisons ce qui suit :</p><table><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>Action</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>Inclure un champ "version des données (data version)" dans les données. Il peut s'agir d'un simple nombre que l'on incrémente (par exemple, u8) ou de quelque chose de plus sophistiqué</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Allocation d'un espace suffisant pour la croissance des données</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Initialisation d'un certain nombre de constantes à utiliser entre les différentes versions du programme</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Ajout d'une fonction de mise à jour du compte sous <code>fn conversion_logic</code> pour les futures mises à jour</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Supposons que nous voulions mettre à jour les comptes de notre programme afin d'inclure un nouveau champ obligatoire, le champ <code>somestring</code>.</p><p>Si nous n'avons pas alloué d'espace supplémentaire sur l'ancien compte, nous ne pourrions pas mettre à jour le compte et nous serions bloqués.</p><h2 id="mise-a-jour-du-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mise-a-jour-du-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mise à jour du Compte</h2><p>Dans notre nouveau programme, nous voulons ajouter une nouvelle propriété pour l'état du contenu. Les modifications ci-dessous montrent comment nous avons profité de la structure initiale du programme pour ajouter le nouveau champ.</p><h3 id="_1-ajouter-une-logique-de-conversion-de-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-ajouter-une-logique-de-conversion-de-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1. Ajouter une logique de conversion de compte</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Account</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">io<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mem<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somestring<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentOld</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Signal initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Gets the current data version</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">version</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data_version
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Adding string to content</span>
<span class="token comment">// Previous const DATA_VERSION: u8 = 0;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Account allocated size</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentOld</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current content data size</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total usage for data only</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to current state of data</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> past <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
past<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Logic to upgrade from previous version</span>
<span class="token comment">// GOES HERE</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> old <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentOld</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Default sets 'somevalue' to 0 and somestring to default ""</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> new_content <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// We copy the existing 'somevalue', the program instructions will read/update 'somestring' without fail</span>
new_content<span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> old<span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Give back</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> initialized<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> new_content<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Version check</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing consistent version data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somestring<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentOld</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><table><thead><tr><th>Ligne(s)</th><th>Note</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>6</td><td>Nous avons ajouté la fonction <code>solana_program::borsh::try_from_slice_unchecked</code> de Solana pour simplifier la lecture de sous-ensembles de données d'un bloc de données plus grand</td></tr><tr><td>13-26</td><td>Ici, nous avons conservé l'ancienne structure de contenu, <code>AccountContentOld</code> ligne 24, avant d'étendre le <code>AccountContentCurrent</code> à partir de la ligne 17.</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>Nous actualisons la constante <code>DATA_VERSION</code></td></tr><tr><td>71</td><td>Nous avons maintenant une version "précédente" et nous voulons connaître sa taille</td></tr><tr><td>86</td><td>Le coup de grâce consiste à ajouter la tuyauterie pour mettre à jour le contenu de l'état précédent vers le nouveau contenu de l'état (actuel).</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Nous mettons alors à jour nos instructions, pour en ajouter une nouvelle pour mettre à jour <code>somestring</code>, et un processeur pour gérer la nouvelle instruction. Notez que la "mise à jour" de la structure de données est encapsulée derrière <code>pack/unpack</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Instruction</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Processor</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main VersionProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Added with data version change</span>
<span class="token class-name">FailInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// let payload = VersionProgramInstruction::try_from_slice(input).unwrap();</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Added with data version change</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>
<span class="token comment">/// in the array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the string in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_string_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new string {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somestring <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request 0.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Attempting to unpack"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_string_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Après avoir construit et soumis une instruction : <code>VersionProgramInstruction::SetString(String)</code> nous avons maintenant la structure de données de compte "mise à jour" suivante</p><img src="/assets/pav2.1ef612b4.png" alt="Program Account v2"><h2 id="ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://borsh.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Spécification de Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/master/sdk/program/src/borsh.rs#L67" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>try_from_slice_unchecked</code> de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/versioning-solana" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Implémentation de Référence<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email 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href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transactions-versionnees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transactions-versionnees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transactions Versionnées</h1><p>Solana a récemment sorti les Transactions Versionnées. Les changements proposés sont les suivants :</p><ol><li><p>Introduction d'un nouveau programme qui gère les tables de consultation d'adresses sur la chaîne</p></li><li><p>Ajout d'un nouveau format de transaction qui peut utiliser les tables de consultation d'adresses sur la chaîne</p></li></ol><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Les transactions héritées ont un problème majeur : La taille maximale autorisée est de 1232 octets ce qui fait que le nombre de comptes qui peuvent tenir dans une transaction atomique est de maximum 35 adresses.</li><li>Tables de Consultation d'Adresses (Address Lookup Tables, LUTs): Une fois que les comptes sont stockés dans cette table, l'adresse de la table peut être référencée dans un message de transaction utilisant des indices u8 de 1 octet.</li><li><code>createLookupTable()</code> de <code>solana/web3.js</code> peut être utilisé pour construire une nouvelle table de consultation, ainsi que pour déterminer son adresse.</li><li>Une fois qu'une Table de Consultation d'Adresses est créée, elle peut être étendue, c'est-à-dire que des comptes peuvent être ajoutés à la table.</li><li>Transactions Versionnées : La structure des transactions héritées doit être modifiée pour intégrer les Tables de Consultation d'Adresses</li><li>Avant l'introduction du versionnage, les transactions avaient un bit supérieur inutilisé dans le premier octet de leur en-tête. Celui-ci peut être utilisé pour déclarer explicitement la version des transactions.</li></ul></div><p>Nous parlerons plus en détail des changements introduits ci-dessus et de ce qu'ils signifient pour les développeurs. Toutefois, pour mieux comprendre les changements, nous devons d'abord comprendre l'anatomie d'une transaction classique (ou héritée).</p><h2 id="transaction-heritee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transaction-heritee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transaction Héritée</h2><p>Le réseau Solana utilise une taille d'unité transactionnelle maximale (MTU) de 1280 octets, conformément aux contraintes de taille de l'<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPv6_packet" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">IPv6 MTU<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> afin de garantir la vitesse et la fiabilité. Cela laisse <strong>1232 octets</strong> pour les paquets de données comme les transactions sérialisées.</p><p>Une transaction est composée de :</p><ol><li>Un tableau compact de signatures, où chaque signature est un <a href="https://ed25519.cr.yp.to/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ed25519<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de 64 octets.</li><li>Un message (hérité)</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/tx_format.1023848a.png" alt="Transaction Format"></p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Le format Tableau Compact</p><p>Un tableau compact est un tableau sérialisé de manière à avoir les composants suivants :</p><ol><li>Une taille de tableau dans un encodage multi-octet appelé <a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#compact-u16-format" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Compact-u16<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Suivi de chaque élément du tableau</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/compact_array_format.6984243f.png" alt="Compact array format"></p></div><h2 id="message-herite" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#message-herite" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Message Hérité</h2><p>Un message hérité comporte les éléments suivants :</p><ol><li>Un en-tête</li><li>Un tableau compact d'adresses de comptes, où chaque adresse de compte occupe 32 octets</li><li>Un hash de bloc récent</li></ol><ul><li>un hachage SHA-256 de 32 octets utilisé pour indiquer quand le registre a été observé pour la dernière fois. Si un hash de bloc est trop vieux, les validateurs le rejettent.</li></ul><ol start="4"><li>Un tableau compact d'instructions</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/legacy_message.09ab30b7.png" alt="Legacy Message"></p><h3 id="en-tete" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#en-tete" aria-hidden="true">#</a> En-tête</h3><p>L'en-tête du message a une taille de 3 octets et contient 3 entiers u8 :</p><ol><li>Le nombre de signatures requises : le runtime de Solana vérifie ce nombre avec la taille du tableau compact des signatures de la transaction.</li><li>Le nombre d'adresses de comptes en lecture seule qui nécessitent une signature.</li><li>Le nombre d'adresses de comptes en lecture seule qui ne nécessitent pas de signature.</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/message_header.8eb7d589.png" alt="Message Header"></p><h3 id="tableau-compact-d-adresses-de-comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tableau-compact-d-adresses-de-comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tableau compact d'adresses de comptes</h3><p>Ce tableau compact commence par un encodage compact-u16 du nombre d'adresses de comptes, suivi par :</p><ol><li><strong>Adresses de compte nécessitant une signature</strong>: Les adresses qui demandent un accès en lecture et en écriture sont listées en premier, suivies de celles qui demandent un accès en lecture seule</li><li><strong>Adresses de comptes qui ne nécessitent pas de signature</strong>: Comme ci-dessus, les adresses qui demandent un accès en lecture et en écriture sont listées en premier, suivies de celles qui demandent un accès en lecture seule</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/compat_array_of_account_addresses.7792e5c7.png" alt="Compact array of account addresses"></p><h3 id="tableau-compact-d-instructions" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tableau-compact-d-instructions" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tableau compact d'instructions</h3><p>Tout comme le tableau d'adresses de comptes, ce tableau compact commence par un encodage compact-u16 du nombre d'instructions, suivi d'un tableau d'instructions. Chaque instruction du tableau comporte les éléments suivants :</p><ol><li><strong>Identifiant du programme</strong>: identifie un programme on-chain qui traitera l'instruction. Il est représenté par un index u8 vers une adresse dans le tableau compact d'adresses de comptes dans le message.</li><li><strong>Tableau compact d'index d'adresses de compte</strong>: index u8 vers un sous-ensemble d'adresses de comptes dans le tableau compact des adresses de comptes qui nécessitent une signature.</li><li><strong>Tableau compact de données opaques u8</strong>: un tableau d'octets d'usage général qui est spécifique à l'identifiant du programme mentionné précédemment. Ce tableau de données spécifie toutes les opérations que le programme doit effectuer et toute information supplémentaire que les comptes pourraient ne pas contenir.</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/compact_array_of_ixs.6281d70b.png" alt="Compact array of Instructions"></p><h2 id="problemes-lies-aux-transactions-heritees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#problemes-lies-aux-transactions-heritees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Problèmes liés aux Transactions Héritées</h2><p>Quel est le problème avec le modèle de transaction ci-dessus ?</p><p><strong>La taille maximale d'une transaction, et donc le nombre de comptes qui peuvent tenir dans une seule transaction atomique.</strong></p><p>Comme nous l'avons vu précédemment, la taille maximale autorisée pour une transaction est de <strong>1232 octets</strong>. La taille d'une adresse de compte est de 32 octets. Ainsi, une transaction peut au mieux stocker <strong>35 comptes</strong>, en tenant compte d'un certain espace pour les en-têtes, les signatures et autres métadonnées.</p><p><img src="/assets/issues_with_legacy_txs.5766db66.png" alt="Issue with legacy transactions"></p><p>Cela pose problème car il existe plusieurs cas où les développeurs doivent inclure des centaines de comptes sans signature dans une seule transaction. Cela n'est actuellement pas possible avec le modèle de transaction héritée. La solution actuellement utilisée consiste à stocker temporairement l'état sur la chaîne et à le réutiliser ultérieurement dans des transactions. Cette solution de fortune ne fonctionne pas lorsque plusieurs programmes doivent être composés en une seule transaction. Chaque programme nécessite plusieurs comptes en entrée et nous tombons donc dans le même problème que précédemment.</p><p>C'est là que les <strong>Tables de Consultation d'Adresses (LUT)</strong> sont utilisées.</p><h2 id="tables-de-consultation-d-adresses-lut" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tables-de-consultation-d-adresses-lut" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tables de Consultation d'Adresses (LUT)</h2><p>L'idée derrière les Tables de Consultation d'Adresses est de stocker les adresses de comptes dans une structure de données de type table (tableau) sur la chaîne. Une fois que les comptes sont stockés dans cette table, l'adresse de la table peut être référencée dans un message de transaction. Pour pointer vers un compte en particulier dans la table, un index u8 de 1 octet est nécessaire.</p><p><img src="/assets/luts.96a8a310.png" alt="LUTs"></p><p>Cela permet de gagner de l'espace car les adresses ne doivent plus être stockées dans le message de transaction. Ils doivent seulement être référencés sous la forme d'un index dans le tableau. Cela conduit à la possibilité de référencer 2^8=<strong>256</strong> comptes, car les comptes sont référencés en utilisant un index u8.</p><p>Les Tables de Consultation d'Adresses doivent être exemptes de rente lors de leur initialisation ou chaque fois qu'une nouvelle adresse est ajoutée à la table. Les adresses peuvent être ajoutées à cette table soit par un buffer on-chain, soit en les ajoutant directement à la table par l'instruction <code>Extension</code>. De plus, les Tables de Consultation d'Adresses peuvent stocker les métadonnées associées suivies d'un tableau compact de comptes. Vous pouvez voir ci-dessous la structure d'une Table de Consultation d'Adresses standard.</p><p><img src="/assets/lut_format.060d6be2.png" alt="LUT Format"></p><p>L'un des principaux inconvénients des Tables de Consultation d'Adresses est que, comme les recherches d'adresses nécessitent une charge supplémentaire pendant le traitement des transactions, elles entraînent généralement des coûts plus élevés pour une transaction.</p><h2 id="transactions-versionnees-transactionv0" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transactions-versionnees-transactionv0" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transactions Versionnées : TransactionV0</h2><p>La structure des transactions héritées doit être modifiée pour intégrer les consultations de la table d'adresses. Ces changements ne doivent pas perturber le traitement des transactions sur Solana, et ne doivent pas provoquer de changement de format des programmes invoqués.</p><p>Pour garantir cela, il est important de mentionner explicitement le type de transaction : <code>legacy</code> or <code>versioned</code>. Comment inclure ces informations dans une transaction ?</p><p>Avant l'introduction du versionnage, les transactions avaient un bit supérieur inutilisé dans le premier octet de leur en-tête : <code>num_required_signatures</code>. Nous pouvons maintenant utiliser ce bit pour déclarer explicitement la version de nos transactions.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">VersionedMessage</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Legacy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">V0</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token namespace">v0<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>Si le premier bit est fixé, les autres bits du premier octet codent un numéro de version. Solana commence avec la "Version 0", qui est la version requise pour commencer à utiliser les Tables de Consultation d'Adresses.</p><p>Si le premier bit n'est pas fixé, la transaction sera considérée comme une "transaction héritée" et le reste du premier octet sera traité comme le premier octet d'un message hérité codé.</p><h2 id="messagev0" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#messagev0" aria-hidden="true">#</a> MessageV0</h2><p>La structure du nouveau MessageV0 est plus ou moins la même, à l'exception de deux petits mais importants changements :</p><ol><li><strong>En-tête du Message</strong>: inchangé par rapport à celui du message hérité</li><li><strong>Tableau compact de clés de compte</strong>: inchangé par rapport à celui du message hérité. Nous désignerons le tableau d'indices pointant vers les éléments de ce tableau par <em>tableau d'indices A</em> (vous verrez bientôt pourquoi nous le désignons ainsi)</li><li><strong>Hash de bloc récent</strong>: inchangé par rapport à celui du message hérité</li><li><strong>Tableau compact d'instructions</strong>: différent de celui du message hérité</li><li><strong>Tableau compact de consultations de tables d'adresses</strong>: introduit dans v0</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/messagev0.c089b240.png" alt="Message v0"></p><p>Nous allons d'abord discuter de la structure du tableau compact de consultation de la table d'adresses avant de voir ce qui a changé dans le tableau d'instructions.</p><h3 id="tableau-compact-de-consultations-de-tables-d-adresses" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tableau-compact-de-consultations-de-tables-d-adresses" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tableau compact de consultations de tables d'adresses</h3><p>Cette structure introduit les Tables de Consultation d'Adresses (LUTs) dans les transactions versionnées, ce qui permet d'utiliser les LUTs pour intégrer plus de comptes en lecture seule et en écriture dans une seule transaction.</p><p>Le tableau compact commence par un encodage compact-u16 du nombre de consultations de la table d'adresses, suivi d'un tableau de consultations de la table d'adresses. Chaque consultation a la structure suivante :</p><ol><li><strong>Clé de compte</strong>: clé de compte de la table de consultation d'adresses</li><li><strong>Index modifiables en écriture</strong>: tableau compact d'index utilisés pour intégrer les adresses de comptes modifiables en écriture. Nous désignerons ce tableau par <em>tableau d'indices B</em>.</li><li><strong>Index en lecture seule</strong>: tableau compact d'index utilisés pour intégrer les adresses de comptes en lecture seule. Nous désignerons ce tableau par <em>tableau d'indices C</em></li></ol><p><img src="/assets/compact_array_of_luts.9175e491.png" alt="Compact array of LUTs"></p><p>Voyons maintenant quels changements ont été apportés dans le tableau compact d'instructions</p><h3 id="tableau-compact-d-instructions-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tableau-compact-d-instructions-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tableau compact d'instructions</h3><p>Comme indiqué précédemment, le tableau compact d'instructions héritées stocke des instructions héritées individuelles qui, à leur tour, stockent les éléments suivants :</p><ol><li>Index de l'identifiant du programme</li><li>Tableau compact d'index d'adresses de comptes</li><li>Tableau compact de données opaques de 8 bits</li></ol><p>Le changement dans la nouvelle instruction n'est pas dans la structure de l'instruction elle-même, mais dans le tableau utilisé pour obtenir les indices de 1 et 2. Dans les transactions héritées, un sous-ensemble du tableau d'indices A est utilisé, tandis que dans les transactions versionnées, un sous-ensemble du tableau combiné des éléments suivants est utilisé :</p><ol><li><strong>tableau d'indices A</strong>: Tableau compact des comptes stockés dans le message</li><li><strong>tableau d'indices B</strong>: Index modifiables en écriture dans la consultation de la table d'adresses</li><li><strong>tableau d'indices C</strong>: Index en lecture seule dans la consultation de la table d'adresses</li></ol><p><img src="/assets/new_compact_array_of_ixs.54090dc5.png" alt="New Compact array of Instructions"></p><h2 id="modifications-du-rpc" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#modifications-du-rpc" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Modifications du RPC</h2><p>Les réponses des transactions nécessiteront un nouveau champ correspondant à la version : <code>maxSupportedTransactionVersion</code> pour indiquer aux clients quelle structure de transaction doit être utilisée pour la désérialisation.</p><p>Les méthodes suivantes doivent être mises à jour pour éviter les erreurs :</p><ul><li><code>getTransaction</code></li><li><code>getBlock</code></li></ul><p>Le paramètre suivant doit être ajouté aux requêtes :</p><p><code>maxSupportedTransactionVersion: 0</code></p><p>Si <code>maxSupportedTransactionVersion</code> n'est pas explicitement ajouté à la requête, la version de la transaction sera fixée à <code>legacy</code>. Tout bloc qui contient une transaction versionnée sera retourné avec une erreur par le client dans le cas d'une transaction héritée.</p><p>Vous pouvez définir ces paramètres via des requêtes au format JSON adressées au point de terminaison RPC, comme ci-dessous :</p><div class="language-plaintext ext-plaintext line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-plaintext"><code>curl http://localhost:8899 -X POST -H "Content-Type: application/json" -d \
'{"jsonrpc": "2.0", "id":1, "method": "getBlock", "params": [430, {
"encoding":"json",
"maxSupportedTransactionVersion":0,
"transactionDetails":"full",
"rewards":false
}]}'
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><p>Vous pouvez également faire de même en utilisant la bibliothèque <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>@solana/web3.js</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token comment">// connect to the `devnet` cluster and get the current `slot`</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> slot <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getSlot</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// get the latest block (allowing for v0 transactions)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> block <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBlock</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>slot<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">maxSupportedTransactionVersion</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// get a specific transaction (allowing for v0 transactions)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> getTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"3jpoANiFeVGisWRY5UP648xRXs3iQasCHABPWRWnoEjeA93nc79WrnGgpgazjq4K9m8g2NJoyKoWBV1Kx5VmtwHQ"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">maxSupportedTransactionVersion</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/developing/versioned-transactions#how-create-a-versioned-transaction" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Comment construire une Transaction Versionnée<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/developing/lookup-tables#how-to-create-an-address-lookup-table" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Comment construire une Transaction Versionnée avec consultation d'adresse en utilisant les LUTs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/proposals/transactions-v2#limitations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Limites des Transactions Versionnées<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/proposals/transactions-v2#security-concerns" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Problèmes de sécurité des Transactions Versionnées<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/proposals/transactions-v2#other-proposals" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Autres solutions proposées pour les Transactions Versionnées<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><h2 id="references" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#references" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Références</h2><ul><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/proposals/transactions-v2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Proposition de transactions-V2<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://beta.docs.solana.com/developing/versioned-transactions" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Développer avec les Transactions Versionnées<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="debogage-des-programmes-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#debogage-des-programmes-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Débogage des Programmes Solana</h1><p>Il existe un certain nombre d'options et d'outils de support pour tester et déboguer un programme Solana.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Informations</p><ul><li>La crate <code>solana-program-test</code> permet l'utilisation d'éléments de base de <strong><em>local runtime</em></strong> où vous pouvez tester et déboguer votre programme de manière interactive (par exemple dans vscode).</li><li>La crate <code>solana-validator</code> permet d'utiliser l'implémentation <code>solana-test-validator</code> pour des tests plus robustes qui se font sur un <strong><em>noeud validateur local</em></strong>. Vous pouvez exécuter depuis l'éditeur <strong><em>mais les points d'arrêt dans le programme sont ignorés</em></strong>.</li><li>L'outil CLI <code>solana-test-validator</code> exécute et charge votre programme et traite l'exécution des transactions à partir d'applications Rust en ligne de commande ou d'applications Javascript/Typescript utilisant web3.</li><li>Pour tout ce qui précède, il est recommandé d'utiliser la macro <code>msg!</code> dans votre programme au début, puis de la supprimer au fur et à mesure que vous testez et vous assurez d'un comportement sûr. Rappelez-vous que <code>msg!</code> consomme des Unités de Calcul qui peuvent éventuellement faire échouer votre programme en atteignant les plafonds du budget des Unités de Calcul.</li></ul></div><p>Les étapes des sections suivantes utilisent <a href="#ressources">solana-program-bpf-template</a>. Clonez-le sur votre machine :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">git</span> clone [email protected]:mvines/solana-bpf-program-template.git
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-bpf-program-template
code <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id="tests-d-execution-et-debogage-dans-l-editeur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tests-d-execution-et-debogage-dans-l-editeur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tests d'Exécution et Débogage dans l'éditeur</h2><p>Ouvrez le fichier <code>src/lib.rs</code></p><p>Vous constaterez que le programme est assez simple et se contente d'enregistrer le contenu reçu par la fonction d'entrée du programme : <code>process_instruction</code></p><p>1.Allez dans la section <code>#[cfg(test)]</code> et cliquez sur <code>Run Tests</code>. Cela va compiler le programme et ensuite exécuter le test <code>async fn test_transaction()</code>. Vous verrez les messages de log (simplifiés) dans le terminal vscode sous la source.</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
<span class="token string">"bpf_program_template"</span> program loaded as native code
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test::test_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">33</span>.41s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Fixer un point d'arrêt sur la ligne <code>msg!</code> du programme (11)</li><li>De retour dans le module de test, cliquez sur <code>Debug</code> et en quelques secondes, le débogueur s'arrêtera sur le point d'arrêt et vous pourrez maintenant examiner les données, parcourir les fonctions, etc.</li></ol><p>Ces tests peuvent également être exécutés en ligne de commande avec : <code>cargo test</code> ou <code>cargo test-bpf</code>. Bien sûr, les points d'arrêt seront ignorés.</p><p>On ne peut pas faire plus groovy !</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Remarque</p><p>Gardez à l'esprit que vous n'utilisez pas un nœud de validation et que les programmes par défaut, les hashs de blocs, etc. ne sont pas représentés ou ne se comporteront pas comme ils le feraient s'ils étaient exécutés dans un nœud de validation. C'est pourquoi il est possible d'utiliser un Nœud de Validation Local pour faire des tests.</p></div><h2 id="test-avec-un-nœud-de-validation-local-dans-l-editeur" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#test-avec-un-nœud-de-validation-local-dans-l-editeur" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Test avec un Nœud de Validation Local dans l'éditeur</h2><p>Les tests d'intégration utilisant le chargement programmé d'un nœud de validateur local sont définis dans le fichier <code>tests/integration.rs</code>.</p><p>Par défaut, le template des tests d'intégration du répertoire ne seront exécutables qu'en ligne de commande en utilisant <code>cargo test-bpf</code>. Les étapes suivantes vous permettront d'exécuter dans l'éditeur, d'afficher les logs du validateur de programme et les sorties <code>msg!</code> de votre programme :</p><ol><li>Dans le répertoire du repo, exécutez <code>cargo build-bpf</code> pour compiler le programme d'exemple</li><li>Dans l'éditeur, ouvrez <code>tests/integration.rs</code></li><li>Commentez la ligne 1 -> <code>// #![cfg(feature = "test-bpf")]</code></li><li>A la ligne 19, modifiez comme suit : <code>.add_program("target/deploy/bpf_program_template", program_id)</code></li><li>Insérez ce qui suit à la ligne 22 <code>solana_logger::setup_with_default("solana_runtime::message=debug");</code></li><li>Cliquez sur <code>Run Test</code> au-dessus de la fonction <code>test_validator_transaction()</code></li></ol><p>Ceci chargera le noeud de validation et vous permettra de construire une transaction (à la manière de Rust) et de la soumettre au noeud en utilisant le <code>RcpClient</code>.</p><p>La sortie du programme apparaîtra également dans le terminal de l'éditeur. Par exemple (simplifié) :</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM consumed <span class="token number">13027</span> of <span class="token number">200000</span> compute <span class="token function">units</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test_validator_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">6</span>.40s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>Le débogage ici vous permettra de déboguer les fonctions et méthodes utilisées dans le <strong><em>test body</em></strong> mais ne fera pas de point d'arrêt dans votre programme.</p><h2 id="test-avec-un-nœud-de-validation-local-a-partir-des-applications-clients" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#test-avec-un-nœud-de-validation-local-a-partir-des-applications-clients" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Test avec un Nœud de Validation Local à partir des Applications Clients</h2><p>Enfin, vous pouvez démarrer un nœud de validation local et charger votre programme et tous les comptes en utilisant le <code>solana-test-validator</code> depuis la ligne de commande.</p><p>Dans cette approche, vous aurez besoin d'une application client, soit en utilisant Rust <a href="#ressources">RcpClient</a> ou en utilisant les <a href="#ressources">clients JavaScript ou Typescript</a></p><p>Voir <code>solana-test-validator --help</code> pour plus de détails et d'options. Pour le programme d'exemple, voici la configuration :</p><ol><li>Ouvrez un terminal dans le dossier repo</li><li>Exécutez <code>solana config set -ul</code> pour définir la configuration pour pointer vers le local</li><li>Exécutez <code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program target/deploy/bpf_program_template-keypair.json target/deploy/bpf_program_template.so</code></li><li>Ouvrez un autre terminal et lancez <code>solana logs</code> pour démarrer le flux des logs</li><li>Vous pouvez alors exécuter votre programme client et observer la sortie du programme dans le terminal où vous avez démarré le flux de logs</li></ol><h2 id="ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Ressources</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/mvines/solana-bpf-program-template" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">solana-program-bpf-template<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://docs.rs/solana-client/latest/solana_client/rpc_client/struct.RpcClient.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RcpClient<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Bibliothèque JavaScript/Typescript<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html#derivation-des-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Dérivation des PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Dérivation des PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html#compte-de-map-unique" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Compte de Map Unique"><!--[--><!--]--> Compte de Map Unique <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="maps-de-comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#maps-de-comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Maps de Comptes</h1><p>Les Maps sont des structures de données qui sont fréquemment utilisées en programmation pour associer une <strong>clé</strong> à une <strong>valeur</strong> quelconque. La clé et la valeur peuvent être de n'importe quel type. De plus, la clé sert d'identifiant pour une valeur donnée qui est sauvegardée. Ensuite, selon la clé donnée, elle nous permet d'insérer, de récupérer et de mettre à jour efficacement sa valeur.</p><p>Le modèle de compte Solana, comme nous le savons, exige que les données du programme et ses données d'état correspondantes soient stockées dans des comptes différents. Ces comptes ont une adresse associée. Ce qui, en soi, fait office de map ! Découvrez le modèle de compte de Solana <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/core-concepts/accounts.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Il serait donc logique de stocker vos <strong>valeurs</strong> dans des comptes distincts, dont l'adresse serait la <strong>clé</strong> nécessaire pour récupérer la valeur. Mais cela soulève quelques problèmes, tels que :</p><ul><li><p>Les adresses mentionnées ci-dessus ne seront très probablement pas des <strong>clés</strong> idéales, dont vous pourriez vous souvenir et récupérer la valeur requise.</p></li><li><p>Les adresses mentionnées ci-dessus font référence à des clés publiques de différentes <strong>Paires de Clés</strong>, où chaque clé publique (ou <em>adresse</em>) est associée à une <strong>clé privée</strong>. Cette clé privée serait nécessaire pour signer différentes instructions si et quand cela est nécessaire, ce qui nous obligerait à stocker la clé privée quelque part, ce qui n'est absolument <strong>pas</strong> recommandé !</p></li></ul><p>Cela présente un problème auquel de nombreux développeurs Solana sont confrontés, à savoir l'implémentation d'une logique de type <code>Map</code> dans leurs programmes. Voyons comment nous pourrions aborder ce problème.</p><h2 id="derivation-des-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#derivation-des-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Dérivation des PDAs</h2><p>PDA signifie <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/accounts.html#program-derived-address" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Program Derived Address (Adresse Dérivée du Programme)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et sont, en bref, des adresses <strong>dérivées</strong> d'un ensemble de seeds et d'un identifiant de programme (ou <em>adresse</em>).</p><p>La particularité des PDAs est que ces adresses ne sont <strong>pas</strong> associées à une clé privée. Cela est dû au fait que ces adresses ne se trouvent pas sur la courbe ED25519. Par conséquent, <strong>seul</strong> le programme, dont cette <em>adresse</em> a été dérivée, peut signer une instruction avec la clé, pourvu que les seeds soient également fournies. Plus d'informations à ce sujet <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#create-a-program-derived-address" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ici<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Maintenant que nous avons une idée de ce que sont les PDAs, utilisons-les pour mapper quelques comptes ! Nous allons prendre l'exemple d'un programme de <strong>Blog</strong> pour montrer comment cela pourrait être mis en œuvre.</p><p>Dans ce programme de Blog, nous souhaitons que chaque <code>Utilisateur</code> ait un seul <code>Blog</code>. Ce blog peut avoir un nombre quelconque de "Posts". Cela signifie que nous <strong>mappons</strong> chaque utilisateur à un blog, et que chaque post est <strong>mappé</strong> à un certain blog.</p><p>En bref, il existe une correspondance "1:1" entre un utilisateur et son blog, et une correspondance "1:N" entre un blog et ses articles.</p><p>Pour la correspondance <code>1:1</code>, nous voudrions que l'adresse d'un blog soit dérivée <strong>uniquement</strong> de son utilisateur, ce qui nous permettrait de retrouver un blog, étant donné son autorité (ou <em>utilisateur</em>). Ainsi, les seeds d'un blog seraient constituées de sa <strong>clé d'autorité</strong>, et éventuellement d'un préfixe <strong>"blog"</strong> pour servir d'identifiant de type.</p><p>Pour la correspondance <code>1:N</code>, nous voudrions que l'adresse de chaque post soit dérivée <strong>non seulement</strong> du blog auquel il est associé, mais aussi d'un autre <strong>identifiant</strong> qui nous permet de faire la différence entre un nombre <code>N</code> de posts de blog. Dans l'exemple ci-dessous, l'adresse de chaque post est dérivée de la <strong>clé du blog</strong>, d'un <strong>slug</strong> pour identifier chaque post, et d'un préfixe <strong>"post"</strong> qui sert d'identifiant de type.</p><p>Le code est le suivant :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Anchor</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2vD2HBhLnkcYcKxnxLjFYXokHdcsgJnyEXGnSpAX376e"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">mapping_pda</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_inner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> _post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> post<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_inner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_count<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> author<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 characters max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 20 characters max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token comment">// 50 characters max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ErrorCode</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Invalid Content or Title."</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>convert<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">TryInto</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">thiserror<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Accounts expected:</span>
<span class="token comment">/// </span>
<span class="token comment">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the blog</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account derived from PDA</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. `[]` The System Program</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Accounts expected:</span>
<span class="token comment">/// </span>
<span class="token comment">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the post</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account for which post is being created</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. `[writable]` Post account derived from PDA</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. `[]` System Program</span>
<span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Processor</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Instruction: InitBlog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span> title<span class="token punctuation">,</span> content<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Instruction: CreatePost"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span> title<span class="token punctuation">,</span> content<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> post_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_len<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_len<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating post account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_post_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>post_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>author <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug <span class="token operator">=</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> title<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content <span class="token operator">=</span> content<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_blog_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PostIxPayload</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>variant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> rest<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> input<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">split_first</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PostIxPayload</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rest<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">match</span> variant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_count<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 posts max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> author<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 chars max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 20 chars max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 50 chars max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Instruction"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Blog Account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Post Account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Post Data"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Account not Writable"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountNotWritable</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">From</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Custom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">250</span><br><span class="line-number">251</span><br><span class="line-number">252</span><br><span class="line-number">253</span><br><span class="line-number">254</span><br><span class="line-number">255</span><br><span class="line-number">256</span><br><span class="line-number">257</span><br><span class="line-number">258</span><br><span class="line-number">259</span><br><span class="line-number">260</span><br><span class="line-number">261</span><br><span class="line-number">262</span><br><span class="line-number">263</span><br><span class="line-number">264</span><br><span class="line-number">265</span><br><span class="line-number">266</span><br><span class="line-number">267</span><br><span class="line-number">268</span><br><span class="line-number">269</span><br><span class="line-number">270</span><br><span class="line-number">271</span><br><span class="line-number">272</span><br><span class="line-number">273</span><br><span class="line-number">274</span><br><span class="line-number">275</span><br><span class="line-number">276</span><br><span class="line-number">277</span><br><span class="line-number">278</span><br><span class="line-number">279</span><br><span class="line-number">280</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> post_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_len<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_len<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating post account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_post_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>post_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>author <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug <span class="token operator">=</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> title<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content <span class="token operator">=</span> content<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_blog_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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dans <code>connection.getAccountInfo()</code> pour récupérer les données du compte. Un exemple est présenté ci-dessous :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> borsh <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"authorityPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bump"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"postCount"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"author"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bump"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"title"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"content"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug-1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
blogAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Blog account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blogAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
postAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Post account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> postAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug-1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
blogAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Blog account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blogAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
postAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Post account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> postAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="compte-de-map-unique" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compte-de-map-unique" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compte de Map Unique</h2><p>Une autre façon d'implémenter le mappage serait d'avoir une structure de données <code>BTreeMap</code> explicitement stockée dans un compte unique. L'adresse de ce compte peut être un PDA ou la clé publique d'une Paire de Clés générée.</p><p>Cette méthode de mappage des comptes n'est pas idéale pour les raisons suivantes :</p><ul><li><p>Vous devrez d'abord initialiser le compte stockant le <code>BTreeMap</code>, avant de pouvoir y insérer les paires clé-valeur nécessaires. Ensuite, vous devrez également stocker l'adresse de ce compte quelque part, afin de la mettre à jour à chaque fois.</p></li><li><p>Il y a des limites de mémoire pour un compte. En effet, un compte peut avoir une taille maximale de <strong>10 megabytes</strong> ce qui empêche le <code>BTreeMap</code> de stocker un grand nombre de paires clé-valeur.</p></li></ul><p>Ainsi, après avoir étudié votre cas d'utilisation, vous pouvez mettre en œuvre cette méthode comme indiqué ci-dessous :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">thiserror<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">num_traits<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">FromPrimitive</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"instruction_data: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Processor</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">FromPrimitive</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initializing map!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Inserting entry!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>map_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> map_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_map_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_map_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>map_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map <span class="token operator">=</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>b_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Clone, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MapAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment">// 100</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 user -> blog</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid MapAccount account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Blog account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Account already has entry in Map"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">From</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Custom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br><span class="line-number">138</span><br><span class="line-number">139</span><br><span class="line-number">140</span><br><span class="line-number">141</span><br><span class="line-number">142</span><br><span class="line-number">143</span><br><span class="line-number">144</span><br><span class="line-number">145</span><br><span class="line-number">146</span><br><span class="line-number">147</span><br><span class="line-number">148</span><br><span class="line-number">149</span><br><span class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br><span class="line-number">153</span><br><span class="line-number">154</span><br><span class="line-number">155</span><br><span class="line-number">156</span><br><span class="line-number">157</span><br><span class="line-number">158</span><br><span class="line-number">159</span><br><span class="line-number">160</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>map_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> map_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_map_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_map_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>map_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map <span class="token operator">=</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>b_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Le code côté client pour tester le programme ci-dessus ressemblerait à quelque chose comme indiqué ci-dessous :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> borsh <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"FwcG3yKuAkCfX68q9GPykNWDaaPjdZFaR1Tgr8qSxaEa"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"is_initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user_a"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user_b"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"blogs"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userA <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userB <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userC <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>mapKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropASig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropBSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropCSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseA <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropASig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseB <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropBSig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseC <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropCSig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>promiseA<span class="token punctuation">,</span> promiseB<span class="token punctuation">,</span> promiseC<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initMapIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertABIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertBCIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertCAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initMapIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertABIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertBCIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertCAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> sig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>userA<span class="token punctuation">,</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">,</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
skipPreflight<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
preflightCommitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mapAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mapKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mapData <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mapAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MapData: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mapData<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br><span class="line-number">153</span><br><span class="line-number">154</span><br><span class="line-number">155</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> insertABIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertBCIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertCAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initMapIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertABIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertBCIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertCAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html#examen-plus-approfondi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Examen plus approfondi"><!--[--><!--]--> Examen plus approfondi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html#filters" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="filters"><!--[--><!--]--> filters <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html#dataslice" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="dataSlice"><!--[--><!--]--> dataSlice <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html#autres-ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Autres Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Autres Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="obtenir-les-comptes-d-un-programme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtenir-les-comptes-d-un-programme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme</h1><p>Il existe une méthode RPC qui renvoie tous les comptes appartenant à un programme. Actuellement, la pagination n'est pas prise en charge. Les requêtes à <code>getProgramAccounts</code> devraient inclure les paramètres <code>dataSlice</code> et/ou <code>filters</code> afin d'améliorer le temps de réponse et retourner uniquement les résultats voulus.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Paramètres</p><ul><li><code>programId</code>: <code>string</code> - Clé publique du programme à interroger, fournie sous forme de chaîne de caractères codée en base58</li><li>(optionnel) <code>configOrCommitment</code>: <code>object</code> - Paramètres de configuration contenant les champs facultatifs suivants : <ul><li>(optionnel) <code>commitment</code>: <code>string</code> - <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#configuring-state-commitment" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Engagement de l'État (State commitment)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(optionnel) <code>encoding</code>: <code>string</code> - L'encodage des données du compte, peut être: <code>base58</code>, <code>base64</code>, ou <code>jsonParsed</code>. Remarque : les utilisateurs de web3js doivent plutôt utiliser <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">getParsedProgramAccounts<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(optionnel) <code>dataSlice</code>: <code>object</code> - Paramètres permettant de limiter les données à renvoyer : <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Nombre de bytes dans les données du compte à partir desquels il faut commencer à retourner</li><li><code>length</code>: <code>number</code> - Nombre de bytes de données du compte à retourner</li></ul></li><li>(optionnel) <code>filters</code>: <code>array</code> - Paramètres pour filtrer les résultats : <ul><li><code>memcmp</code>: <code>object</code> - Correspondance d'une série de bytes avec les données du compte : <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Nombre de bytes dans les données du compte à partir desquels il faut commencer à comparer</li><li><code>bytes</code>: <code>string</code> - Données à comparer, sous la forme d'une chaîne de caractères codée en base58 limitée à 129 bytes</li></ul></li><li><code>dataSize</code>: <code>number</code> - Compare la longueur des données du compte avec la taille des données fournies</li></ul></li><li>(optionnel) <code>withContext</code>: <code>boolean</code> - Enveloppe le résultat dans un <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#rpcresponse-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">objet JSON RpcResponse<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="reponse" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#reponse" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Réponse</h5><p>Par défaut, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> retournera un tableau d'objets JSON avec la structure suivante :</p><ul><li><code>pubkey</code>: <code>string</code> - La clé publique du compte sous la forme d'une chaîne de caractères encodée en base58</li><li><code>account</code>: <code>object</code> - un objet JSON, avec les sous-champs suivants : <ul><li><code>lamports</code>: <code>number</code>, nombre de lamports alloués au compte</li><li><code>owner</code>: <code>string</code>, La clé publique du programme auquel le compte a été attribué, encodée en base58</li><li><code>data</code>: <code>string</code> | <code>object</code> - les données associées au compte, soit sous forme de données binaires, soit au format JSON, conformément au paramètre d'encodage fourni</li><li><code>executable</code>: <code>boolean</code>, Indique si le compte contient un programme</li><li><code>rentEpoch</code>: <code>number</code>, L'époque à laquelle ce compte devra payer sa prochaine rente</li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id="examen-plus-approfondi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examen-plus-approfondi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Examen plus approfondi</h2><p><code>getProgramAccounts</code> est une méthode RPC polyvalente qui renvoie tous les comptes appartenant à un programme. Nous pouvons utiliser <code>getProgramAccounts</code> pour un certain nombre de requêtes utiles, telles que la recherche de :</p><ul><li>Tous les comptes de jetons pour un portefeuille en particulier</li><li>Tous les comptes de jetons pour un mint en particulier (par exemple, tous les propriétaires (holders) de <a href="https://www.projectserum.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SRM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li><li>Tous les comptes pour un programme en particulier (par exemple, tous les utilisateurs de <a href="https://mango.markets/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mango<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li></ul><p>Malgré son utilité, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> est souvent mal compris en raison de ses limites actuelles. La plupart des requêtes supportées par <code>getProgramAccounts</code> nécessitent des nœuds RPC pour analyser de grands ensembles de données. Ces analyses sont à la fois gourmandes en mémoire et en ressources. Par conséquent, les appels trop fréquents ou de trop grande envergure peuvent entraîner des interruptions de connexion. De plus, au moment où nous écrivons ces lignes, le point de terminaison <code>getProgramAccounts</code> ne prend pas en charge la pagination. Si les résultats d'une requête sont trop volumineux, la réponse sera tronquée.</p><p>Pour contourner ces contraintes actuelles, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> offre un certain nombre de paramètres utiles : à savoir, <code>dataSlice</code> et les options de <code>filters</code> <code>memcmp</code> et <code>dataSize</code>. En fournissant des combinaisons de ces paramètres, nous pouvons réduire la portée de nos requêtes à des tailles gérables et prévisibles.</p><p>Un exemple courant de <code>getProgramAccounts</code> consiste à interagir avec le <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme de Jetons SPL<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Demander tous les comptes détenus par le programme de Jetons avec un <a href="/fr/references/accounts.html#comment-obtenir-les-comptes-du-programme" class="">appel de base</a> impliquerait une énorme quantité de données. Cependant, en fournissant des paramètres, nous pouvons efficacement demander uniquement les données que nous avons l'intention d'utiliser.</p><h3 id="filters" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#filters" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>filters</code></h3><p>Le paramètre le plus commun à utiliser avec <code>getProgramAccounts</code> est le tableau <code>filters</code>. Ce tableau accepte deux types de filtres, <code>dataSize</code> et <code>memcmp</code>. Avant d'utiliser l'un de ces filtres, nous devons nous familiariser avec la manière dont les données que nous demandons sont organisées et sérialisées.</p><h4 id="datasize" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#datasize" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>dataSize</code></h4><p>Dans le cas du Programme de Jetons, nous pouvons constater que <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/08d9999f997a8bf38719679be9d572f119d0d960/token/program/src/state.rs#L86-L106" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">les comptes de jetons ont une taille de 165 bytes<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Plus précisément, un compte de jeton comporte huit champs différents, chaque champ ayant un nombre prédéfini de bytes. Nous pouvons visualiser comment ces données sont organisées à l'aide de l'illustration ci-dessous.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-size.398f17bf.png" alt="Taille des comptes"></p><p>Si nous voulions trouver tous les comptes de jetons appartenant à notre adresse de portefeuille, nous pourrions ajouter <code>{ dataSize: 165 }</code> à notre tableau <code>filters</code> pour limiter notre requête aux seuls comptes qui font exactement 165 bytes de long. Toutefois, cela ne suffirait pas. Nous devrions également ajouter un filtre qui recherche les comptes appartenant à notre adresse. Nous pouvons réaliser cela avec le filtre <code>memcmp</code>.</p><h4 id="memcmp" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#memcmp" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>memcmp</code></h4><p>Le filtre <code>memcmp</code>, ou filtre "comparaison de mémoire", nous permet de comparer des données à n'importe quel champ stocké sur notre compte. Plus précisément, nous pouvons rechercher uniquement les comptes qui possèdent un certain ensemble de bytes à une position précise. <code>memcmp</code> nécessite deux arguments :</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: La position à partir de laquelle il faut commencer à comparer les données. Cette position est mesurée en bytes et est exprimée sous la forme d'un nombre entier.</li><li><code>bytes</code>: Les données qui doivent correspondre aux données du compte. Elles sont représentées sous la forme d'une chaîne de caractères codées en base 58 qui doit être limitée à moins de 129 bytes.</li></ul><p>Il est important de noter que <code>memcmp</code> ne retournera que les résultats qui correspondent exactement aux <code>bytes</code>. Actuellement, il ne supporte pas les comparaisons pour les valeurs inférieures ou supérieures aux <code>bytes</code> que nous fournissons.</p><p>Pour rester dans notre exemple du Programme de Jetons, nous pouvons modifier notre requête pour ne renvoyer que les comptes de jetons qui appartiennent à notre adresse de portefeuille. En examinant un compte de jetons, on constate que les deux premiers champs stockés sur un compte de jetons sont tous deux des clés publiques, et que chaque clé publique a une longueur de 32 octets. Étant donné que <code>owner</code> est le deuxième champ, nous devrions commencer notre <code>memcmp</code> à un <code>offset</code> de 32 bytes. A partir de là, nous allons rechercher les comptes dont le champ propriétaire (owner) correspond à l'adresse de notre portefeuille.</p><p><img src="/assets/memcmp.c5e1f050.png" alt="Taille des comptes"></p><p>Nous pouvons faire appel à cette requête via l'exemple suivant :</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Found </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> token account(s) for wallet </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">-- Token Account Address </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> --</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"uiAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T:
-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --
Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK
Amount: 1
-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --
Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
Amount: 3
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_filter<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_account_decoder<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DataSize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Found {:?} token account(s) for wallet {MY_WALLET_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">enumerate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"-- Token Account Address {:?}: {:?} --"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token number">.1</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint_account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_account_data</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mint_account_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Amount: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">f64</span> <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">10usize</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">f64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T:
-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --
Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK
Amount: 1.0
-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --
Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
Amount: 3.0
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "getProgramAccounts",
"params": [
"TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",
{
"encoding": "jsonParsed",
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 165
},
{
"memcmp": {
"offset": 32,
"bytes": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"
}
}
]
}
]
}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output: </span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "result": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "parsed": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "info": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "isNative": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "mint": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "state": "initialized",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "tokenAmount": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "amount": "998999999000000000",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "decimals": 9,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "uiAmount": 998999999,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "uiAmountString": "998999999"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "type": "account"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "program": "spl-token",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "space": 165</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "id": 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="dataslice" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#dataslice" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>dataSlice</code></h3><p>En plus des deux paramètres de filtre, le troisième paramètre le plus courant pour <code>getProgramAccounts</code> est <code>dataSlice</code>. Contrairement au paramètre <code>filters</code>, <code>dataSlice</code> ne réduira pas le nombre de comptes retournés par une requête. Au lieu de cela, <code>dataSlice</code> limitera la quantité de données pour chaque compte.</p><p>Tout comme <code>memcmp</code>, <code>dataSlice</code> accepte deux arguments :</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: La position (en nombre de bytes) à partir de laquelle il faut commencer à renvoyer les données du compte</li><li><code>length</code>: Le nombre d'octets qui doivent être retournés</li></ul><p><code>dataSlice</code> est particulièrement utile lorsque nous exécutons des requêtes sur un grand ensemble de données mais que nous ne nous soucions pas vraiment des données du compte lui-même. Par exemple, si nous voulons trouver le nombre de comptes de jetons (c'est-à-dire le nombre de détenteurs de jetons) pour un jeton en particulier.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Found </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> token account(s) for mint </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output (notice the empty <Buffer > at acccount.data)
Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
[
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: a8aca7a3132e74db2ca37bfcd66f4450f4631a5464b62fffbd83c48ef814d8d7>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: ce3b7b906c2ff6c6b62dc4798136ec017611078443918b2fad1cadff3c2e0448>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: d4560e42cb24472b0e1203ff4b0079d6452b19367b701643fa4ac33e0501cb1>
}
}
]
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_filter<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_account_decoder<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">UiDataSliceConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DataSize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiDataSliceConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
length<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Found {:?} token account(s) for mint {MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:#?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output (notice zero `len` in `data` of `Account`s)
Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf:
[
(
tofD3NzLfZ5pWG91JcnbfsAbfMcFF2SRRp3ChnjeTcL,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 319,
},
),
(
CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 318,
},
),
(
Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 318,
},
),
]
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># Note: encoding only available for "base58", "base64" or "base64+zstd"</span>
<span class="token function">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "getProgramAccounts",
"params": [
"TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",
{
"encoding": "base64",
"dataSlice": {
"offset": 0,
"length": 0
},
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 165
},
{
"memcmp": {
"offset": 0,
"bytes": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"
}
}
]
}
]
}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output:</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "result": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "FqWyVSLQgyRWyG1FuUGtHdTQHrEaBzXh1y9K6uPVTRZ4"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "61NfACb21WvuEzxyiJoxBrivpiLQ79gLBxzFo85BiJ2U"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "id": 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>En combinant ces trois paramètres (<code>dataSlice</code>, <code>dataSize</code>, et <code>memcmp</code>), nous pouvons limiter la portée de notre requête et ne renvoyer efficacement que les données qui nous intéressent.</p><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getprogramaccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation de l'API RPC<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation de Web3js<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation Web3js interprétée en JSON<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html#examen-plus-approfondi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Examen plus approfondi"><!--[--><!--]--> Examen plus approfondi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html#le-modele-d-un-compte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Le modèle d'un compte"><!--[--><!--]--> Le modèle d'un compte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html#rente" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Rente"><!--[--><!--]--> Rente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html#autres-ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Autres Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Autres Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html#credit" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Crédit"><!--[--><!--]--> Crédit <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="comptes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#comptes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Comptes</h1><p>Les comptes dans Solana sont utilisés pour stocker des états. Ils constituent un élément essentiel pour le développement sur Solana.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Les comptes sont utilisés pour stocker des données</li><li>Chaque compte a une adresse unique</li><li>Les comptes ont une taille maximale de 10MB (10 Mega Bytes)</li><li>Les comptes des adresses dérivées d'un programme (PDA) ont une taille maximale de 10KB (10 Kilo Bytes)</li><li>Les comptes des adresses dérivées d'un programme (PDA) peuvent être utilisés pour signer au nom d'un programme</li><li>La taille des comptes est fixée au moment de leur création, mais elle peut être ajustée en utilisant la fonctionnalité <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-change-account-size" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">realloc<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Le stockage des données sur un compte est payé par une rente</li><li>Le propriétaire par défaut d'un compte est le programme système (System Program)</li></ul></div><h2 id="examen-plus-approfondi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examen-plus-approfondi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Examen plus approfondi</h2><h3 id="le-modele-d-un-compte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#le-modele-d-un-compte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Le modèle d'un compte</h3><p>Il existe 3 types de comptes sur Solana :</p><ul><li>Les comptes de données pour le stockage des données</li><li>Les comptes de programmes pour le stockage des programmes exécutables</li><li>Les comptes natifs pour les programmes natifs de Solana tels que System, Stake, et Vote</li></ul><p>Il existe deux types de comptes de données :</p><ul><li>Les comptes appartenant au système</li><li>Les comptes PDA (adresse dérivée du programme)</li></ul><p>Chaque compte a une adresse (généralement une clé publique) et un propriétaire (adresse d'un compte de programme). La liste complète des champs qu'un compte stocke est énuméré ci-dessous.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Champs</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lamports</td><td>Le nombre de lamports appartenant à ce compte</td></tr><tr><td>owner</td><td>Le programme propriétaire de ce compte</td></tr><tr><td>executable</td><td>Indique si ce compte peut traiter des instructions</td></tr><tr><td>data</td><td>Le tableau d'octets de données brutes stocké par ce compte</td></tr><tr><td>rent_epoch</td><td>La prochaine époque à laquelle ce compte doit payer une rente</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Il existe quelques règles importantes concernant la propriété des comptes :</p><ul><li>Seul le propriétaire d'un compte de données peut modifier ses données et débiter les lamports</li><li>Tout le monde est autorisé à envoyer des lamports sur un compte de données</li><li>Le propriétaire d'un compte peut désigner un nouveau propriétaire si les données de celui-ci sont mises à zéro</li></ul><p>Les comptes de programme ne stockent pas d'état.</p><p>Par exemple, si vous avez un programme de comptage qui permet d'incrémenter un compteur, vous devez créer deux comptes, un compte pour stocker le code du programme, et un autre pour stocker le compteur.</p><p><img src="/assets/account_example.5b70d95a.jpeg" alt=""></p><p>Pour éviter qu'un compte soit supprimé, vous devez payer une rente.</p><h3 id="rente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#rente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Rente</h3><p>Le stockage des données sur les comptes coûte des SOL, et il est financé par ce qu'on appelle une rente. Si vous maintenez un solde minimum équivalent à deux années de rente sur un compte, celui-ci sera exempté du paiement de cette rente. Vous pouvez récupérer la rente en fermant le compte et en renvoyant les lamports dans votre portefeuille.</p><p>La rente est payée à deux moments différents :</p><ol><li>Lorsqu'il est référencé par une transaction</li><li>Une fois par époque</li></ol><p>Un pourcentage des rentes collectées par les comptes est détruit, tandis que le reste est distribué aux comptes de vote à la fin de chaque slot.</p><p>Si le compte ne dispose pas d'assez d'argent pour payer la rente, le compte sera supprimé ainsi que ses données.</p><p>Il est également important de noter que les nouveaux comptes doivent être exempts de rente.</p><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/zh-cn/docs/account-model/#account-storage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Modèle de compte de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation officielle<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip/status/1452402100470644739" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Thread Twitter sur les comptes par Pencilflip<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><h3 id="credit" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#credit" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Crédit</h3><p>Ce concept de base est attribué à Pencilflip. <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=pencilflip" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Suivez-le sur Twitter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html#examen-plus-approfondi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Examen plus approfondi"><!--[--><!--]--> Examen plus approfondi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html#generation-des-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Génération des PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Génération des PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html#interaction-avec-les-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html#autres-ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Autres Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Autres Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="adresses-derivees-de-programmes-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#adresses-derivees-de-programmes-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)</h1><p>Les adresses dérivées de programmes (PDA) sont des comptes qui sont conçus pour être contrôlés par un programme spécifique. Avec les PDAs, les programmes peuvent signer, de manière programmée, pour certaines adresses sans avoir besoin d'une clé privée. Les PDAs servent de base à <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">l'invocation inter-programmes<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, qui permet aux applications de Solana d'être composables les unes avec les autres.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Les PDAs sont des chaînes de caractères de 32 bytes qui ressemblent à des clés publiques, mais qui n'ont pas de clés privées correspondantes</li><li><code>findProgramAddress</code> dérivera de manière déterministe un PDA à partir d'un programId et de seeds (collection de bytes)</li><li>Un bump (un byte) est utilisé pour déplacer un PDA potentiel hors de la courbe elliptique ed25519</li><li>Les programmes peuvent signer pour leurs PDAs en fournissant les seeds et le bump à l'<a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-signed-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke_signed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Un PDA ne peut être signé que par le programme dont il est dérivé</li><li>En plus de permettre aux programmes de signer pour différentes instructions, les PDAs fournissent aussi une interface de type hashmap pour les <a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="">indexing accounts</a></li></ul></div><h2 id="examen-plus-approfondi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examen-plus-approfondi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Examen plus approfondi</h2><p>Les PDAs sont un élément essentiel pour le développement de programmes sur Solana. Avec les PDAs, les programmes peuvent signer pour des comptes tout en garantissant qu'aucun utilisateur externe ne pourrait également générer une signature valide pour le même compte. En plus de la signature des comptes, certains programmes peuvent également modifier les comptes détenus par leurs PDAs.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-matrix.c3a79f80.png" alt="Accounts matrix"></p><p><small style="text-align:center;display:block;">Image courtesy of <a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip">Pencilflip</a></small></p><h3 id="generation-des-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generation-des-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Génération des PDAs</h3><p>Pour comprendre le concept des PDAs, il peut être utile de considérer que les PDAs ne sont pas techniquement créés, mais plutôt trouvés. Les PDAs sont générés à partir d'une combinaison de seeds (telles que la chaîne <code>“vote_account”</code>) et d'un identifiant de programme. Cette combinaison de seeds et d'identifiant de programme est ensuite exécutée par une fonction de hachage sha256 pour voir si elle génère ou non une clé publique qui se trouve sur la courbe elliptique ed25519.</p><p>En faisant passer notre identifiant de programme et nos seeds à travers une fonction de hachage, il y a environ 50 % de chances que nous obtenions une clé publique valide qui se trouve sur la courbe elliptique. Dans ce cas, nous ajoutons simplement quelque chose pour modifier un peu notre entrée et nous réessayons. Le terme technique pour le quelque chose que nous rajoutons est un "bump". Dans Solana, nous commençons par bump = 255 et itérons simplement en soustrayant 1 à chaque fois, nous utilisons ainsi bump = 254, bump = 253, etc. jusqu'à ce que nous obtenions une adresse qui n'est pas sur la courbe elliptique. Cela peut sembler rudimentaire, mais une fois trouvé, cela nous donne un moyen déterministe de dériver le même PDA encore et encore.</p><p><img src="/assets/pda-curve.7c0b9307.png" alt="Le PDA sur la courbe elliptique"></p><h3 id="interaction-avec-les-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#interaction-avec-les-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Interaction avec les PDAs</h3><p>Quand un PDA est généré, <code>findProgramAddress</code> retournera à la fois l'adresse et le bump utilisé pour déplacer celle-ci hors de la courbe elliptique. Avec ce bump, un programme peut alors <a href="/fr/references/accounts.html#sign-with-a-pda" class="">signer</a> pour toute instruction qui requiert son PDA. Afin de signer, les programmes doivent passer l'instruction, la liste des comptes, ainsi que les seeds et le bump utilisés pour dériver le PDA à <code>invoke_signed</code>. En plus de signer pour les instructions, les PDAs doivent également signer leur propre création avec <code>invoke_signed</code>.</p><p>Lors de la création de PDAs, il est courant de <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/78e29e9238e555967b9125799d7d420d7d12b959/token-swap/program/src/state.rs#L100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">stocker le bump et les seeds<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dans les données du compte lui-même. Cela permet ainsi aux développeurs de valider facilement un PDA sans avoir à transmettre en argument de l'instruction le bump.</p><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation officielle<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.brianfriel.xyz/understanding-program-derived-addresses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Comprendre les Adresses Dérivées de Programmes<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html#examen-plus-approfondi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Examen plus approfondi"><!--[--><!--]--> Examen plus approfondi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html#programmes-natifs-la-bibliotheque-des-programmes-de-solana-spl" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes Natifs & La Bibliothèque des Programmes de Solana (SPL)"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes Natifs & La Bibliothèque des Programmes de Solana (SPL) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html#ecrire-des-programmes" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Ecrire des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Ecrire des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html#deployer-des-programmes" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Déployer des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Déployer des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html#autres-ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Autres Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Autres Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="programmes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programmes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programmes</h1><p>N'importe quel développeur peut écrire et déployer des programmes sur la blockchain Solana. Les programmes (connus sous le nom de contrats intelligents sur d'autres protocoles) servent de base à l'activité sur la blockchain, permettant tout, partant de la DeFi et des NFTs jusqu'aux médias sociaux tout en passant par les jeux.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Les programmes traitent les <a href="./transactions">instructions</a> des utilisateurs finaux mais aussi d'autres programmes</li><li>Tous les programmes sont <em>stateless</em> (sans état): toutes les données avec lesquelles ils interagissent sont stockées dans des <a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="">comptes</a> séparés qui sont transmis par des instructions.</li><li>Les programmes eux-mêmes sont stockés dans des comptes marqués comme <code>executable</code></li><li>Tous les programmes appartiennent au <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et sont exécutés par le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Les développeurs écrivent le plus souvent des programmes en Rust ou en C++, mais ils peuvent choisir n'importe quel langage qui cible le backend <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Packet_Filter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de <a href="https://llvm.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LLVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Tous les programmes ont un point d'entrée unique où le traitement des instructions a lieu (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>); et dont les paramètres incluent toujours: <ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id="examen-plus-approfondi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examen-plus-approfondi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Examen plus approfondi</h2><p>Contrairement à la plupart des autres blockchains, Solana sépare complètement le code des données. Toutes les données avec lesquelles les programmes interagissent sont stockées dans des comptes séparés et sont transmises, en tant que références, via des instructions. Ce modèle permet à un seul programme générique de fonctionner sur plusieurs comptes sans nécessiter de déploiements supplémentaires. Des exemples communs de ce modèle sont observés dans les programmes natifs et les programmes SPL.</p><h3 id="programmes-natifs-la-bibliotheque-des-programmes-de-solana-spl" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programmes-natifs-la-bibliotheque-des-programmes-de-solana-spl" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programmes Natifs & La Bibliothèque des Programmes de Solana (SPL)</h3><p>Solana est équipé d'un certain nombre de programmes qui servent d'éléments de base pour les interactions sur la blockchain. Ces programmes sont divisés en <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programmes Natifs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et en <a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programmes de la Bibliothèque des Programmes de Solana (SPL)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Les Programmes Natifs fournissent les fonctions de base nécessaires au fonctionnement des validateurs. Parmi ces programmes, le plus connu est le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme Système (System Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> qui est responsable de l'administration des nouveaux comptes et de transférer des SOL entre deux parties.</p><p>Les programmes de la Bibliothèque des Programmes de Solana (SPL) prennent en charge d'autres activités au sein de la blockchain, telles que, par exemple, la création de jetons, l'échange de jetons ainsi ou encore le prêt de jetons, ainsi que la création de pools de staking et le maintien on-chain du service de noms de domaine. Le <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme de Jeton SPL (SPL Token Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> peut être invoqué directement via l'interface CLI, tandis que d'autres, comme le <a href="https://spl.solana.com/associated-token-account" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programme de Compte de Jeton Associé (Associated Token Account Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> sont généralement utilisés par d'autres programmes.</p><h3 id="ecrire-des-programmes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#ecrire-des-programmes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Ecrire des programmes</h3><p>Les programmes sont le plus souvent développés avec Rust ou C++, mais peuvent être développés avec n'importe quel langage qui cible le backend BPF de LLVM. Les initiatives récentes de <a href="https://neon-labs.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Neon Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et <a href="https://solang.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solang<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> permettent la compatibilité <a href="https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> et permettent donc aux développeurs d'écrire des programmes en Solidity.</p><p>La plupart des programmes Rust suivent l'architecture suivante :</p><table><thead><tr><th>Fichier</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lib.rs</td><td>Registre des modules</td></tr><tr><td>entrypoint.rs</td><td>Point d'entrée du programme</td></tr><tr><td>instruction.rs</td><td>API du programme, (dé)sérialisation des instructions</td></tr><tr><td>processor.rs</td><td>Logique du programme</td></tr><tr><td>state.rs</td><td>Objets du programme, (dé)sérialisation des états</td></tr><tr><td>error.rs</td><td>Erreurs spécifiques au programme</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Récemment, <a href="https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anchor<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> est devenu le framework le plus populaire pour le développement de programmes. Anchor est un framework, semblable à Ruby on Rails, qui réduit le boilerplate (code passe-partout) et facilite la (dé)sérialisation pour les programmes développés en Rust.</p><p>Les programmes sont généralement développés et testés dans les environnements appelés <em>Localhost</em> et <em>Devnet</em> avant d'être déployés sur le <em>Testnet</em> ou le <em>Mainnet</em>. Solana supporte les environnements suivants :</p><table><thead><tr><th>Environnement du cluster</th><th>URL de Connexion RPC</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mainnet-beta</td><td>https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Testnet</td><td>https://api.testnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Devnet</td><td>https://api.devnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Localhost</td><td>Default port: 8899 (e.g. http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Une fois déployés dans un environnement, les clients peuvent interagir avec les programmes de la blockchain via les <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Connexions RPC<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> du cluster correspondant.</p><h3 id="deployer-des-programmes" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#deployer-des-programmes" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Déployer des programmes</h3><p>Les développeurs peuvent déployer leurs programmes via le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/cli/deploy-a-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CLI<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program deploy <span class="token operator"><</span>PROGRAM_FILEPATH<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Lorsqu'un programme est déployé, il est compilé en un <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">objet partagé ELF (ELF shared object)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> (contenant le bytecode du BPF) et téléchargé sur le cluster Solana. Les programmes vivent dans des comptes (comme à peu près tout ce qui se trouve sur Solana), sauf que ceux-ci sont marqués comme <code>executable</code> et assigné au BPF Loader. L'adresse de ce compte est appelée <code>program_id</code> et est utilisée pour référencer le programme dans toutes les transactions futures.</p><p>Solana supporte plusieurs BPF Loaders, dont le dernier en date est le <a href="https://explorer.solana.com/address/BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Upgradable BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Le BPF Loader est chargé de gérer les comptes du programme et de les rendre accessibles aux clients via le <code>program_id</code>. Tous les programmes ont un point d'entrée unique où le traitement des instructions a lieu (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>) et dont les paramètres incluent toujours:</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul><p>Une fois invoqués, les programmes sont exécutés par le Runtime de Solana.</p><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation officielle<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation sur le SPL<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Program-deploys-29780c48794c47308d5f138074dd9838" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Déploiements de programmes par Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://book.solmeet.dev/notes/solana-starter-kit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Kit de démarrage pour Solana par Iron Addicted Dog<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programmation sur Solana par Paulx<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Une Introduction à la Blockchain Solana par Hana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor" target="_blank" rel="noopener 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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Pour Commencer <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Solana Cookbook"><!--[--><!--]--> Solana Cookbook <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Installation"><!--[--><!--]--> Installation <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html#examen-plus-approfondi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Examen plus approfondi"><!--[--><!--]--> Examen plus approfondi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html#frais" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Frais"><!--[--><!--]--> Frais <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html#autres-ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Autres Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Autres Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Écrire des Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Écrire des Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interaction avec les Jetons"><!--[--><!--]--> Interaction avec les Jetons <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoi de transactions hors connexion"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoi de transactions hors connexion <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Service de Noms"><!--[--><!--]--> Service de Noms <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item collapsible">Gaming <span class="right arrow"></span></p><!--[--><ul style="display:none;" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/gaming/intro.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Introduction au gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Introduction au gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-sdks.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> SDKs pour le gaming sur Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/nfts-in-games.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Gaming avec des NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> Gaming avec des NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/hello-world.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Exemple Hello World"><!--[--><!--]--> Exemple Hello World <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transactions" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transactions" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transactions</h1><p>Les clients peuvent invoquer des <a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="">programmes</a> en soumettant une transaction à un cluster. Une seule transaction peut comprendre plusieurs instructions, chacune ciblant son propre programme. Lorsqu'une transaction est soumise, Le <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de Solana va traiter ses instructions dans l'ordre et de manière atomique. Si le traitement d'au moins une instruction échoue, c'est l'ensemble de la transaction qui échouera.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Les instructions sont l'unité de base du fonctionnement de Solana</li><li>Chaque instruction contient : <ul><li>Le <code>program_id</code> du programme visé</li><li>Un tableau de tous les <code>accounts</code> (comptes) dans lesquels il a l'intention de lire ou d'écrire</li><li>Un tableau d'octets <code>instruction_data</code> qui est spécifique au programme visé</li></ul></li><li>Plusieurs instructions peuvent être regroupées en une seule transaction</li><li>Chaque transaction contient : <ul><li>Un tableau de tous les <code>accounts</code> (comptes) dans lesquels il a l'intention de lire ou d'écrire</li><li>Une ou plusieurs <code>instructions</code></li><li>Un <code>blockhash</code> (hash de blocs) récent</li><li>Une ou plusieurs <code>signatures</code></li></ul></li><li>Les instructions sont traitées dans l'ordre et de manière atomique</li><li>Si le traitement d'au moins une instruction échoue, c'est l'ensemble de la transaction qui échouera.</li><li>Les transactions sont limitées à 1232 octets</li></ul></div><h2 id="examen-plus-approfondi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examen-plus-approfondi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Examen plus approfondi</h2><p>Le Runtime de Solana nécessite que les instructions et les transactions spécifient une liste de tous les comptes dans lesquels elles ont l'intention de lire ou d'écrire. En exigeant ces comptes à l'avance, le runtime est capable de paralléliser l'exécution de toutes les transactions.</p><p>Lorsqu'une transaction est soumise à un cluster, le runtime traite ses instructions dans l'ordre et de manière atomique. Pour chaque instruction, le programme utilisé interprète le tableau de données et opère sur les comptes spécifiés. Le programme retournera soit un message de succès, soit un code d'erreur. Si une erreur est retournée, l'ensemble de la transaction échoue instantanément.</p><p>Toute transaction visant à débiter un compte ou à modifier ses données nécessite la signature de son propriétaire. Tout compte qui sera modifié sera marqué comme <code>writable</code>. Un compte peut être crédité sans l'autorisation de son propriétaire à condition que le payeur des frais de transaction couvre les frais de rente et les frais de transaction nécessaires.</p><p>Avant d'être soumises, toutes les transactions doivent faire référence à un <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hash de blocs récent<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Le hash de blocs récent est utilisé pour éviter les doublons et éliminer les transactions obsolètes. L'âge maximal que peut avoir le hash de blocs d'une transaction est de 150 blocs ou environ 1 minute et 19 secondes au moment où nous écrivons ces lignes.</p><h3 id="frais" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#frais" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Frais</h3><p>Le réseau Solana perçoit deux types de frais :</p><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/transaction_fees" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Les frais de transaction<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour propager les transactions sur la blockchain (aka “frais de gas” ou “gas fees”)</li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Les frais de rente<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> pour le stockage des données sur la blockchain</li></ul><p>Dans Solana, les frais de transaction sont déterministes : il n'existe pas de concept de marché des frais dans lequel les utilisateurs peuvent payer des frais plus élevés pour augmenter leurs chances d'être inclus dans le bloc suivant. Au moment où nous écrivons ces lignes, les frais de transaction sont déterminés uniquement par le nombre de signatures requises (i.e. <code>lamports_per_signature</code>), et non par la quantité de ressources utilisées. Cela est dû au fait qu'il existe actuellement une limite maximale de 1232 bytes pour toutes les transactions.</p><p>Toutes les transactions nécessitent qu'il y ait au moins un compte <code>writable</code> (accessible en écriture) pour signer la transaction. Une fois soumise, le compte signataire accessible en écriture qui est sérialisé en premier sera le payeur des frais. Ce compte paiera le coût de la transaction, que celle-ci réussisse ou échoue. Si le payeur des frais ne dispose pas d'un solde suffisant pour payer les frais de transaction, la transaction sera abandonnée.</p><p>Au moment où nous écrivons ces lignes, 50 % de tous les frais de transaction sont perçus par le validateur qui produit le bloc, tandis que les 50 % restants sont brûlés. Ce mécanisme a pour but d'inciter les validateurs à traiter le plus grand nombre possible de transactions pendant les créneaux qui leur sont attribués dans le calendrier des leaders.</p><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation officielle<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/docs/solidity-guide/transactions/#solana-transaction-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Structure des Transactions<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Transaction-Fees-f09387e6a8d84287aa16a34ecb58e239" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Frais de transactions par Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Une Introduction à la Blockchain Solana par Hana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Traitement des Transactions par Jito Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Les Transactions sur Solana en profondeur par Alex Miller<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">cryptoloutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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active">Concepts Fondamentaux <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#faits" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Faits"><!--[--><!--]--> Faits <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#examen-plus-approfondi" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Examen plus approfondi"><!--[--><!--]--> Examen plus approfondi <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-avec-invoke" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI avec invoke"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI avec invoke <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-avec-invoke-signed" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI avec invoke_signed"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI avec invoke_signed <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-instruction" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI Instruction"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI Instruction <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#cpi-accountinfo" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="CPI AccountInfo"><!--[--><!--]--> CPI AccountInfo <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/fr/core-concepts/cpi.html#autres-ressources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Autres Ressources"><!--[--><!--]--> Autres Ressources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guides <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtenir les comptes d'un programme"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtenir les comptes d'un programme <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sérialisation des données"><!--[--><!--]--> Sérialisation des données <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Migration des Comptes de Données de Programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Maps de Comptes"><!--[--><!--]--> Maps de Comptes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Débogage des Programmes Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Débogage des Programmes Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités"><!--[--><!--]--> Test de Conformité des Fonctionnalités <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Références <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/fr/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Développement Local"><!--[--><!--]--> Développement Local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles"><!--[--><!--]--> Paires de Clés et Portefeuilles <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Envoyer des Transactions"><!--[--><!--]--> Envoyer des Transactions <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a 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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/store-sol-in-pda.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Stockage de SOL dans un PDA"><!--[--><!--]--> Stockage de SOL dans un PDA <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/saving-game-state.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu"><!--[--><!--]--> Sauvegarder l'état d'un jeu <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/energy-system.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Système d'Energie"><!--[--><!--]--> Système d'Energie <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/interact-with-tokens.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes"><!--[--><!--]--> Comment interagir avec des jetons dans des programmes <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Portage d'Anchor vers Unity"><!--[--><!--]--> Portage d'Anchor vers Unity <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/distribution.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Distribution"><!--[--><!--]--> Distribution <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/fr/gaming/game-examples.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Apprendre par l'exemple"><!--[--><!--]--> Apprendre par l'exemple <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="invocations-de-programme-croise-cpis" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#invocations-de-programme-croise-cpis" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Invocations de Programme Croisé (CPIs)</h1><p>Une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI) est un appel direct d'un programme à un autre, ce qui permet la composabilité des programmes Solana. Tout comme n'importe quel client peut appeler n'importe quel programme à l'aide d'une méthode JSON-RPC, n'importe quel programme peut appeler n'importe quel autre programme par l'intermédiaire d'une CPI. Les CPIs transforment l'ensemble de l'écosystème Solana en une API géante à la disposition des développeurs.</p><p>L'objectif de cette section est de fournir une vue d'ensemble des CPIs. Veuillez vous référer aux ressources ci-dessous pour obtenir des explications plus détaillées, des exemples et des guides.</p><h2 id="faits" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#faits" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Faits</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fiche d'Information</p><ul><li>Une Invocation de Programme Croisé (CPI) est un appel d'un programme à un autre qui cible une instruction spécifique du programme appelé</li><li>Les CPIs permettent au programme appelant d'étendre ses privilèges de signature au programme appelé</li><li>Les programmes peuvent exécuter des CPI en utilisant soit <code>invoke</code> ou <code>invoke_signed</code> dans leurs instructions</li><li><code>invoke</code> est utilisé lorsque toutes les signatures requises sont accessibles avant l'invocation. Il n'est pas nécessaire que des PDAs soient signataires</li><li><code>invoke_signed</code> est utilisé lorsque des PDAs du programe appelant doivent être signataires dans la CPI</li><li>Lorsqu'une CPI est effectuée auprès d'un autre programme, le programme appelé peut effectuer d'autres CPI auprès d'autres programmes, jusqu'à une profondeur maximale de 4</li></ul></div><h2 id="examen-plus-approfondi" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#examen-plus-approfondi" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Examen plus approfondi</h2><p>Les Invocations de Programmes Croisés (CPIs) permettent la composabilité des programmes Solana, ce qui permet aux développeurs d'utiliser les instructions des programmes existants et de construire à partir de celles-ci.</p><p>Pour exécuter des CPIs, utilisez la fonction <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/program/fn.invoke.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> ou <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/program/fn.invoke_signed.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke_signed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> qui se trouve dans la crate <code>solana_program</code>.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">// Used when there are not signatures for PDAs needed</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_infos<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'_</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span>
<span class="token comment">// Used when a program must provide a 'signature' for a PDA, hence the signer_seeds parameter</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_infos<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'_</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><p>Pour réaliser une CPI, vous devez spécifier et construire une instruction du programme invoqué et fournir une liste de comptes nécessaires à cette instruction. Si un PDA est requis comme signataire, <code>signers_seeds</code> doit également être fourni lors de l'utilisation de <code>invoke_signed</code>.</p><h3 id="cpi-avec-invoke" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-avec-invoke" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI avec <code>invoke</code></h3><p>La fonction <code>invoke</code> est utilisée lorsque nous réalisons une CPI qui ne nécessite pas la signature de PDA. Lors de la réalisation de CPIs, le runtime de Solana étend la signature originelle transmise à un programme au programme appelé.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>some_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// instruction to invoke</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>account_one<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_two<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// accounts required by instruction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h3 id="cpi-avec-invoke-signed" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-avec-invoke-signed" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI avec <code>invoke_signed</code></h3><p>Pour réaliser une CPI qui nécessite la signature d'un PDA, utilisez la fonction <code>invoke_signed</code> et fournissez les seeds nécessaires pour dériver le PDA requis du programme appelant.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>some_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// instruction to invoke</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>account_one<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// accounts required by instruction, where one is a pda required as signer</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// seeds to derive pda</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>Bien que les PDAs ne possèdent pas de clés privées propres, ils peuvent néanmoins agir en tant que signataire d'une instruction par le biais d'une CPI. Pour vérifier qu'un PDA appartient au programme appelant, les seeds utilisées pour générer le PDA qui doit signer doivent être incluses dans <code>signers_seeds</code>.</p><p>Le runtime de Solana appellera en interne <code>create_program_address</code> en utilisant les seeds fournies et le <code>program_id</code> du programme appelant. Le PDA obtenu est ensuite comparé aux adresses fournies dans l'instruction. S'il y a correspondance, le PDA est considéré comme un signataire valide.</p><h3 id="cpi-instruction" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-instruction" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI <code>Instruction</code></h3><p>Selon le programme appelé, il peut y avoir une crate disponible avec des fonctions d'aide pour créer l'<code>Instruction</code>. De nombreuses personnes et organisations créent des crates accessibles au public avec leurs programmes qui expliquent ce type de fonctions afin de simplifier l'appel de leurs programmes.</p><p>La définition du type <code>Instruction</code> nécessaire pour une CPI comprend :</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code> - la clé publique du programme qui exécute l'instruction</li><li><code>accounts</code> - une liste de tous les comptes qui peuvent être lus ou écrits pendant l'exécution de l'instruction</li><li><code>data</code> - les données d'instruction nécessaires à l'instruction</li></ul><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Instruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>La structure <code>AccountMeta</code> a la définition suivante :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountMeta</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_writable<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>Lors de la création d'une CPI, utilisez la syntaxe suivante pour spécifier le <code>AccountMeta</code> de chaque compte :</p><ul><li><code>AccountMeta::new</code> - indique qu'il est accessible en écriture</li><li><code>AccountMeta::new_readonly</code> - indique qu'il est <em>non</em> accessible en écriture</li><li><code>(pubkey, true)</code> - indique que le compte est signataire</li><li><code>(pubkey, false)</code> - indique que le compte <em>n'est pas</em> signataire</li></ul><p>Voici un exemple :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_metas <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account1_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account2_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_readonly</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account3_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_readonly</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account4_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h3 id="cpi-accountinfo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cpi-accountinfo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> CPI <code>AccountInfo</code></h3><p>Pour utiliser <code>invoke</code> et <code>invoke_signed</code>, une liste d'<code>account_infos</code> est également nécessaire. Comme pour la liste des <code>AccountMeta</code> de l'instruction, vous devez inclure toutes les <code>AccountInfo</code> de chaque compte que le programme que vous appelez va lire ou dans lequel il va écrire.</p><p>Pour information, la structure <code>AccountInfo</code> a la définition suivante :</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Account information</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Public key of the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Was the transaction signed by this account's public key?</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Is the account writable?</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_writable<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The lamports in the account. Modifiable by programs.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> lamports<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Rc</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">RefCell</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token operator">>></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The data held in this account. Modifiable by programs.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Rc</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">RefCell</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">>></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program that owns this account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> owner<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This account's data contains a loaded program (and is now read-only)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> executable<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The epoch at which this account will next owe rent</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> rent_epoch<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Epoch</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><p>Vous pouvez créer une copie de <code>AccountInfo</code> pour chaque compte nécessaire en utilisant le trait <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/account_info/struct.AccountInfo.html#impl-Clone-for-AccountInfo%3C'a%3E" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Clone<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> qui est implémenté pour la structure <a href="https://docs.rs/solana-program/latest/solana_program/account_info/struct.AccountInfo.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">AccountInfo<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> dans le crate <code>solana_program</code>.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_infos <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
account_one<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_two<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_three<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><p>Bien que cette section ait fourni une vue d'ensemble des CPI, des explications plus détaillées, des exemples et des guides peuvent être trouvés dans les ressources ci-dessous.</p><h2 id="autres-ressources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#autres-ressources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Autres Ressources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentation offcielle<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-do-cross-program-invocation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Référence Solana Cookbook<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.soldev.app/course/cpi" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course Native CPI Lesson<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.soldev.app/course/anchor-cpi" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Course Anchor CPI Lesson<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/program-examples/tree/main/basics/cross-program-invocation" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Exemple de programmes par Solana Developers<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">La Loutre</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/fr/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="" aria-label="Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Adresses dérivées de programmes (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="libro-de-recetas-de-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#libro-de-recetas-de-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Libro de recetas de Solana</h1><p>Solana Cookbook es un recurso para desarrolladores. Brinda conceptos esenciales y referencias para desarrollar aplicaciones en Solana. Cada concepto y referencia se enfocará en aspectos específicos del desarrollo en Solana brindando detalles adicionales y ejemplos de uso.</p><h2 id="contribuyendo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#contribuyendo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Contribuyendo</h2><p>Solana Cookbook esta diseñado de tal forma que hace fácil que nuevos desarrolladores de Solana puedan contribuir. Incluso si no sabes cómo hacer algo ¡contribuir al Cookbook es una gran manera de aprender!</p><p>Revisa todos los issues abiertos <a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook/issues" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">acá<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Las guías de contribución <a href="https://github.com/solana-developers/solana-cookbook#contributing" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">acá<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Si encuentras que el Cookbook le falta una sugerencia, por favor agrega un issue.</p><h2 id="como-leer-el-cookbook" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-leer-el-cookbook" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Como Leer el Cookbook</h2><p>El Cookbok de Solana esta dividido en diferentes secciones, cada una con un objetivo diferente.</p><table><thead><tr><th>sección</th><th>descripción</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Conceptos Base</td><td>Los fundamentos de Solana que son buenos conocer para desarrollar</td></tr><tr><td>Guías</td><td>Pequeñas guías sobre diferentes herramientas para desarrollar</td></tr><tr><td>Referencias</td><td>Referencias a snippets de código comunmente necesarios</td></tr></tbody></table><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Leonardo Galante</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html#obtener-los-validadores-actuales" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener los validadores actuales"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener los validadores actuales <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html#¿crear-una-cuenta-de-stake" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Crear una cuenta de stake?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Crear una cuenta de stake? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html#delegar-stake" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Delegar Stake"><!--[--><!--]--> Delegar Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html#obtener-el-delegador-por-los-validadores" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener el delegador por los validadores"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener el delegador por los validadores <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html#desactivar-stake" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Desactivar Stake"><!--[--><!--]--> Desactivar Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/staking.html#retirar-stake" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Retirar Stake"><!--[--><!--]--> Retirar Stake <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="staking" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#staking" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Staking</h1><h2 id="obtener-los-validadores-actuales" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtener-los-validadores-actuales" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtener los validadores actuales</h2><p>Podemos hacer stake de SOL y ganar recompensas por ayudar a asegurar la red. Para hacer stake, delegamos SOL a validadores que a su vez procesan transacciones.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get all validators, categorized by current (i.e. active) and deliquent (i.e. inactive)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delinquent <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"current validators: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"all validators: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">concat</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>delinquent<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana validators
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿crear-una-cuenta-de-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿crear-una-cuenta-de-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Crear una cuenta de stake?</h2><p>Todas las instrucciones de staking son manejadas por el <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#stake-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Stake Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Para empezar, creamos una <a href="https://docs.solana.com/staking/stake-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cuenta de Stake<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> que es creada y administrada de manera diferente que una <a href="/es/references/accounts.html#create-a-system-account" class="">Cuenta del sistema</a>. En particular, debemos establecer la <code>Autoridad de Stake</code> y la <code>Autoridad de retiro</code> de la cuenta.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="delegar-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#delegar-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Delegar Stake</h2><p>Una vez que una cuenta de stake tiene fondos, la <code>Autoridad de stake</code> puede delegarla a un validador. Cada cuenta de participación solo se puede delegar a un validador a la vez. Además, todos los tokens de la cuenta deben ser delegados o no delegados. Una vez delegada, se necesitan varias épocas (epoch) para que una cuenta de participación se active.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> validators <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidator <span class="token operator">=</span> validators<span class="token punctuation">.</span>current<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>selectedValidator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>votePubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="obtener-el-delegador-por-los-validadores" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtener-el-delegador-por-los-validadores" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtener el delegador por los validadores</h2><p>Es posible que varias cuentas hayan hecho stake a una cuenta de validador en particular. Para obtener todos los participantes, utilizaremos la API <code>getProgramAccounts</code> o <code>getParsedProgramAccounts</code>. Consulte la <a href="/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="">sección de guías</a> para obtener más información. Las cuentas de participación tienen una longitud de 200 bytes y la clave pública del votante comienza en 124 bytes. <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/e960634909a9617fb98d5d836c9c4c5e0d9d59cc/sdk/program/src/stake/state.rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Referencia<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">124</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Total number of delegators found for </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> is: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Sample delegator:</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111:
Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
Sample delegator:
{
"account": {
"data": {
"parsed": {
"info": {
"meta": {
"authorized": {
"staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
"withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
},
"lockup": {
"custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
"epoch": 0,
"unixTimestamp": 1822867200
},
"rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
},
"stake": {
"creditsObserved": 58685367,
"delegation": {
"activationEpoch": "208",
"deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
"stake": "433005300621",
"voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
"warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
}
}
},
"type": "delegated"
},
"program": "stake",
"space": 200
},
"executable": false,
"lamports": 433012149261,
"owner": {
"_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
},
"rentEpoch": 264
},
"pubkey": {
"_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">124</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">STAKE_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Total number of delegators found for </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">VOTE_PUB_KEY</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> is: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Sample delegator:</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111:
Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
Sample delegator:
{
"account": {
"data": {
"parsed": {
"info": {
"meta": {
"authorized": {
"staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
"withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
},
"lockup": {
"custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
"epoch": 0,
"unixTimestamp": 1822867200
},
"rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
},
"stake": {
"creditsObserved": 58685367,
"delegation": {
"activationEpoch": "208",
"deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
"stake": "433005300621",
"voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
"warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
}
}
},
"type": "delegated"
},
"program": "stake",
"space": 200
},
"executable": false,
"lamports": 433012149261,
"owner": {
"_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
},
"rentEpoch": 264
},
"pubkey": {
"_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
}
}
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="desactivar-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#desactivar-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Desactivar Stake</h2><p>En cualquier momento después de delegar una cuenta de Stake, la <code>Autoridad de Stake</code> puede optar por desactivar la cuenta. La desactivación puede tardar varias épocas en completarse y es necesaria antes de retirar cualquier SOL.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> validators <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidator <span class="token operator">=</span> validators<span class="token punctuation">.</span>current<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>selectedValidator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>votePubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
deactivateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
deactivateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="retirar-stake" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#retirar-stake" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Retirar Stake</h2><p>Una vez desactivada, la <code>Autoridad de retiro</code> puede retirar SOL nuevamente a una cuenta del sistema. Una vez que una cuenta de participación ya no se delega y tiene un saldo de 0 SOL, se destruye de manera efectiva.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Authorized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Lockup<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a keypair for our stake account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> stakeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Calculate how much we want to stake</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>space
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountUserWantsToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> amountToStake <span class="token operator">=</span> minimumRent <span class="token operator">+</span> amountUserWantsToStake<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a transaction to create our stake account</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
authorized<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Authorized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Here we set two authorities: Stake Authority and Withdrawal Authority. Both are set to our wallet.</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amountToStake<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lockup<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Lockup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes.</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createStakeAccountTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createStakeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account created. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>createStakeAccountTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> validators <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getVoteAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidator <span class="token operator">=</span> validators<span class="token punctuation">.</span>current<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> selectedValidatorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>selectedValidator<span class="token punctuation">.</span>votePubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">delegate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
votePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> delegateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> delegateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account delegated to </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>selectedValidatorPubkey<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>delegateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> deactivateTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
deactivateTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>deactivateTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive.</span>
stakeStatus <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getStakeActivation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account status: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeStatus<span class="token punctuation">.</span>state<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withdraw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeBalance<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> withdrawTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>withdrawTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0</span>
stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Once deactivated, we can withdraw our SOL back to our main wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTx <span class="token operator">=</span> StakeProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">withdraw</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
stakePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> stakeBalance<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Withdraw the full balance at the time of the transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> withdrawTxId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> withdrawTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account withdrawn. Tx Id: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>withdrawTxId<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm that our stake account balance is now 0</span>
stakeBalance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>stakeAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Stake account balance: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>stakeBalance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-generar-un-nuevo-keypair-par-de-llaves" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo generar un nuevo Keypair (par de llaves)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo generar un nuevo Keypair (par de llaves) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-restaurar-un-par-de-llaves-a-partir-de-una-llave-privada" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo restaurar un par de llaves a partir de una llave privada"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo restaurar un par de llaves a partir de una llave privada <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-verificar-un-par-de-llaves" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo verificar un par de llaves"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo verificar un par de llaves <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-comprobar-si-una-llave-publica-tiene-una-llave-privada-asociada" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo comprobar si una llave pública tiene una llave privada asociada"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo comprobar si una llave pública tiene una llave privada asociada <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-generar-una-frase-semilla-mnemonic" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo generar una frase semilla (mnemonic)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo generar una frase semilla (mnemonic) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-restaurar-un-par-de-llaves-desde-una-frase-semilla" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo restaurar un par de llaves desde una frase semilla"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo restaurar un par de llaves desde una frase semilla <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-generar-una-direccion-personalizada" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo generar una dirección personalizada"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo generar una dirección personalizada <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-firmar-y-verificar-mensajes-con-wallets" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo firmar y verificar mensajes con wallets"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo firmar y verificar mensajes con wallets <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#como-conectar-una-wallet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo conectar una wallet"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo conectar una wallet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#react" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="React"><!--[--><!--]--> React <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#vue" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Vue"><!--[--><!--]--> Vue <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html#svelte" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Svelte"><!--[--><!--]--> Svelte <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="pares-de-llaves-y-billeteras" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pares-de-llaves-y-billeteras" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pares de llaves y billeteras</h1><h2 id="como-generar-un-nuevo-keypair-par-de-llaves" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-generar-un-nuevo-keypair-par-de-llaves" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo generar un nuevo Keypair (par de llaves)</h2><p>Muchas de las acciones que vas a realizar con las librerías de Solana requieren un par de llaves o una billetera. Si te conectas con una billetera, no tienes que preocuparte, sin embargo, si necesitas un par de llaves, deberás de generarlas.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ generate_keypair.cpp -o generate_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"public_key = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ solana-keygen new
<span class="token comment"># pubkey: 9ZNTfG4NyQgxy2SWjSiQoUyBPEvXT2xo7fKc5hPYYJ7b</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen new
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-restaurar-un-par-de-llaves-a-partir-de-una-llave-privada" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-restaurar-un-par-de-llaves-a-partir-de-una-llave-privada" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo restaurar un par de llaves a partir de una llave privada</h2><p>Si ya tienes tu llave privada, puedes generar un Keypair a partir de la llave privada para probar tu dApp.</p><ol><li>Con Bytes</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
secret_key<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>secret_key<span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ keypair_from_seed.cpp -o keypair_from_seed -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> secret_key<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> secret_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created keypair: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> secret_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># input your secret into the Keypath listed under solana config get</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># input your secret into the Keypath listed under solana config get</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>Con una cadena Base58</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
b58_string <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span>b58_string<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>b58_string <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span>b58_string<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_base58_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created keypair: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_base58_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5MaiiCavjCmn9Hs1o3eznqDEhRwxo7pXiAYez7keQUviUkauRiTMD8DrESdrNjN8zd9mTmVhRvBJeg5vhyvgrAhG"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-verificar-un-par-de-llaves" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-verificar-un-par-de-llaves" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo verificar un par de llaves</h2><p>Si cuentas con un par de llaves, puedes verificar si la llave privada coincide con la llave pública</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> publicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// true</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> publicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">===</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// true</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keys <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keys<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># True</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keys <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keys<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># True</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ verify_keypair.cpp -o verify_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>PublicKey public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"24PNhTaNtomHhoy3fTRaMhAFCRj4uHqhZEEoWrKDbR5p"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">uint8_t</span> bytes<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
Keypair key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen verify <span class="token operator"><</span>PUBKEY<span class="token operator">></span> prompt://
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen verify <span class="token operator"><</span>PUBKEY<span class="token operator">></span> prompt://
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-comprobar-si-una-llave-publica-tiene-una-llave-privada-asociada" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-comprobar-si-una-llave-publica-tiene-una-llave-privada-asociada" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo comprobar si una llave pública tiene una llave privada asociada</h2><p>En ciertos casos especiales (por ejemplo, una dirección derivada de un programa), es posible que las claves públicas no tengan una clave privada asociada. Puedes verificar esto observando si la llave pública se encuentra en la curva ed25519. Solo las claves públicas que se encuentran en la curva pueden ser controladas por usuarios con billeteras.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note that Keypair.generate() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isOnCurve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> offCurveAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isOnCurve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>offCurveAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> errorPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"testPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Is not a valid public key</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">isOnCurve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token comment"># Note that Keypair() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>
key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Valid public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_on_curve<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>
off_curve_address <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Valid public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>off_curve_address<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_on_curve<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>
error_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"testPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment"># Is not a valid public key</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>key <span class="token operator">=</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_string<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_on_curve<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><iostream></span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><solana_sdk.h></span></span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Note that Keypair::new() will always give a public key that is valid for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Lies on the ed25519 curve and is suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> off_curve_address <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"4BJXYkfvg37zEmBbsacZjeQDpTNx91KppxFJxRqrz48e"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Valid public key</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> off_curve_address<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Not on the ed25519 curve, therefore not suitable for users</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> error_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"testPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Is not a valid public key</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5oNDL3swdJJF1g9DzJiZ4ynHXgszjAEpUkxVYejchzrY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_on_curve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-generar-una-frase-semilla-mnemonic" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-generar-una-frase-semilla-mnemonic" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo generar una frase semilla (mnemonic)</h2><p>Si estás creando una billetera, deberás generar una frase semilla para que el usuario pueda guardarla como respaldo.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bip39 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bip39"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generateMnemonic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generateMnemonic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> mnemonic <span class="token keyword">import</span> Mnemonic
mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
words <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>generate<span class="token punctuation">(</span>strength<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">256</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
words <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>generate<span class="token punctuation">(</span>strength<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">256</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen new
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen new
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-restaurar-un-par-de-llaves-desde-una-frase-semilla" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-restaurar-un-par-de-llaves-desde-una-frase-semilla" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo restaurar un par de llaves desde una frase semilla</h2><p>Muchas extensiones de billetera usan frases semilla para representar sus llaves secretas. Puede convertir la frase semilla en pares de llaves para realizar pruebas locales.</p><ol><li>BIP39 - creando una wallet simple</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bip39 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bip39"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 5ZWj7a1f8tWkjBESHKgrLmXshuXxqeY9SYcfbshpAqPG</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> mnemonic <span class="token keyword">import</span> Mnemonic
mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
seed <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>to_seed<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>mnemo <span class="token operator">=</span> Mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"english"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
seed <span class="token operator">=</span> mnemo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>to_seed<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pill tomorrow foster begin walnut borrow virtual kick shift mutual shoe scatter"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>BIP44 (varios wallets, también conocido como HD wallets)</li></ol><p>Puede crear varias carteras a partir de una sola semilla, también conocidas como "carteras deterministas jerárquicas" o carteras HD:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> HDKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"micro-ed25519-hdkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bip39 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bip39"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hd <span class="token operator">=</span> HDKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromMasterSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hex"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">m/44'/501'/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'/0'</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hd<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">derive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>privateKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>path<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> => </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mnemonic <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token string">"neither lonely flavor argue grass remind eye tag avocado spot unusual intact"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> bip39<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">mnemonicToSeedSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mnemonic<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// (mnemonic, password)</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">let</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> path <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">m/44'/501'/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">'/0'</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">derivePath</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>path<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hex"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>path<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> => </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover <span class="token string">'prompt:?key=0/0'</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen recover <span class="token string">'prompt:?key=0/0'</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-generar-una-direccion-personalizada" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-generar-una-direccion-personalizada" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo generar una dirección personalizada</h2><p>Vanity publickeys o direcciones personalizadas son llaves que comienzan con caracteres específicos. Por ejemplo, una persona puede querer que una llave pública comience con "elv1s", o tal vez incluso "cook". Estos pueden ayudar a otras personas. Recordar a quién pertenece la llave, haciendo que la llave sea más fácilmente identificable.</p><p>Nota: Cuantos más caracteres haya en su dirección personalizada, más tiempo durará. tomar.</p><p>::: advertencia Solo debe usar la CLI para esta tarea. Los ejemplos de Python y TypeScript tienen fines ilustrativos y son mucho más lentos que la CLI. :::</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">startsWith</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">startsWith</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">!=</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">:</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">!=</span><span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">:</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ vanity_keypair.cpp -o vanity_keypair -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">substr</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"Created Keypair with Public Key: "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">substr</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token string">"elv1s"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen grind --starts-with e1v1s:1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-keygen grind --starts-with e1v1s:1
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-firmar-y-verificar-mensajes-con-wallets" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-firmar-y-verificar-mensajes-con-wallets" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo firmar y verificar mensajes con wallets</h2><p>La función principal de un par de llaves es firmar mensajes y habilitar la verificación de la firma. La verificación de una firma permite el destinatario asegurarse de que los datos fueron firmados por el propietario de un clave privada específica.</p><p>Para hacerlo vamos a importar la librería crypto <a href="https://www.npmjs.com/package/tweetnacl" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TweetNaCl<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> nacl <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> decodeUTF8 <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl-util"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageBytes <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">decodeUTF8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageBytes <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">decodeUTF8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
messageBytes<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
secret_key <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">174</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">47</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">154</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">193</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">206</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">113</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">199</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">190</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">133</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">169</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">175</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">31</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">56</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">222</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">138</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">189</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">224</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">216</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">117</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">173</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">53</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">45</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">73</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">237</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">246</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">15</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">185</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">82</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">177</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">148</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">69</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">241</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">227</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">167</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">141</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">240</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">121</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">247</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">251</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">226</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">218</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">48</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">63</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">168</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">89</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">238</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>from_bytes<span class="token punctuation">(</span>secret_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span>
signature <span class="token operator">=</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign_message<span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
verify_sign <span class="token operator">=</span> signature<span class="token punctuation">.</span>verify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>verify_sign<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># bool</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">b"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog"</span>
signature <span class="token operator">=</span> keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign_message<span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
verify_sign <span class="token operator">=</span> signature<span class="token punctuation">.</span>verify<span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>verify_sign<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment"># bool</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-conectar-una-wallet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-conectar-una-wallet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo conectar una wallet</h2><p>La librereia de Solana <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/wallet-adapter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">wallet-adapter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> hace más fácil el manejo de conexiones de wallets del lado cliente.</p><h3 id="react" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#react" aria-hidden="true">#</a> React</h3><p>Ejecute el siguiente comando para instalar las dependencias requeridas:</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>yarn add @solana/wallet-adapter-react @solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui @solana/wallet-adapter-base @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Las librería wallet-adapter de React te permite persistir y acceder a los estados de conexión de una billetera a través de hooks y proveedores de contexto llamados, <code>useWallet</code>, <code>WalletProvider</code>, <code>useConnection</code> y <code>ConnectionProvider</code>. La aplicación React debe estar envuelta con <code>WalletProvider</code> y <code>ConnectionProvider</code>.</p><p>Además, podemos solicitar a los usuarios que se conecten usando <code>useWalletModal</code> para alternar la visibilidad del modal de conexión y también envolver la aplicación con <code>WalletModalProvider</code> de <code>@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui</code>. El modal de conexión manejará ese flujo de conexión por nosotros, por lo que solo necesitamos escuchar cuándo se ha conectado una billetera. Sabemos que una billetera está conectada cuando la respuesta <code>useWallet</code> tiene una propiedad <code>wallet</code> no nula. Viceversa, si esa propiedad es nula, sabemos que la billetera está desconectada.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useMemo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> PropsWithChildren <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ConnectionProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
WalletProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletModalProvider <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletAdapterNetwork <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
LedgerWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PhantomWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SlopeWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TorusWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useWalletModal <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> MouseEventHandler <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> Web3Provider<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PropsWithChildren<span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> children <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Can be set to 'devnet', 'testnet', or 'mainnet-beta'</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> endpoint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useMemo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>WalletAdapterNetwork<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Devnet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets includes all the adapters but supports tree shaking --</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only the wallets you configure here will be compiled into your application</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallets <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useMemo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SlopeWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">ConnectionProvider</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">endpoint</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>endpoint<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">WalletModalProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">WalletProvider</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">wallets</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>wallets<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>children<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">WalletProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">WalletModalProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">ConnectionProvider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/**
* Make sure to wrap the App with
* ConnectionProvider, WalletProvider, and WalletModalProvider.
*
* If you have a lot of Providers already, you can combine them
* into a single wrapper (i.e. Web3Provider) instead.
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">App</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">Web3Provider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span><span class="token class-name">AppChild</span></span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span><span class="token class-name">Web3Provider</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">AppChild</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> wallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> setVisible <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWalletModal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Display the connection modal</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">onRequestConnectWallet</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setVisible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Prompt user to connect wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onRequestConnectWallet<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Connect Wallet</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Wallet successfully connected!</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> wallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> setVisible <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWalletModal</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">onRequestConnectWallet</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">setVisible</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Prompt the user to connect their wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onRequestConnectWallet<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Connect Wallet</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Displays the connected wallet address</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">Wallet successfully connected!</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>main</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="vue" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#vue" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Vue</h3><p>Ejecuta el siguiente comando para instalar las dependencias requeridas:</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>npm install solana-wallets-vue @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>El complemento <a href="https://github.com/lorisleiva/solana-wallets-vue" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana Wallets Vue<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> nos permite inicializar una lista de billeteras y crear una nueva propiedad global <code>$wallet</code> a la que se puede acceder desde cualquier componente. Todas las propiedades y métodos que puede obtener de <code>useWallet()</code> se muestran <a href="https://github.com/lorisleiva/solana-wallets-vue#usewallet-references" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">aquí<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. También importamos y renderizamos el componente WalletMultiButton para permitir a los usuarios seleccionar una billetera y conectarse a ella.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Vue</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-vue ext-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">setup</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
LedgerWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PhantomWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SlopeWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TorusWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> initWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallets <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token literal-property property">wallets</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SlopeWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">initWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallets<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connected<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>p</span> <span class="token attr-name">v-if</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>connected<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
Wallet with public key {{ wallet.publicKey }} successfully connected!
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>p</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>div</span> <span class="token attr-name">v-else</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>div</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-vue ext-vue line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-vue"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">setup</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"solana-wallets-vue"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>wallet-multi-button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>template</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="svelte" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#svelte" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Svelte</h3><p>Ejecute el siguiente comando para instalar las dependencias requeridas:</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>npm install @svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core @svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui @solana/wallet-adapter-base @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>El paquete <a href="https://github.com/svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Svelte Wallet Adapter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> permite agregar una tienda Svelte (<code>$walletStore</code>) accesible entre todos los archivos JS, TS y/o Svelte dentro de un proyecto realizado con Svelte Template o SvelteKit. Usando la referencia del repositorio <a href="https://github.com/svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter/blob/master/packages/core/README.md/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">aquí<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> puede usar el adaptador para SSR o SPA. El paquete de la interfaz de usuario contiene un componente <code><WalletMultiButton /></code> que permite a los usuarios seleccionar una billetera para conectar a ella.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Svelte</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> walletStore <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
WalletProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
WalletMultiButton<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ConnectionProvider<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PhantomWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SolflareWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TorusWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
LedgerWalletAdapter<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-wallets"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> localStorageKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"walletAdapter"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> network <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// localhost or mainnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallets <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PhantomWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SolflareWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TorusWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">LedgerWalletAdapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>WalletProvider</span> <span class="token attr-name">{localStorageKey}</span> <span class="token attr-name">{wallets}</span> <span class="token attr-name">autoConnect</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>ConnectionProvider</span> <span class="token attr-name">{network}</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
{#if $walletStore?.connected} Wallet with public key {$walletStore.publicKey}
successfully connected! {:else}
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>WalletMultiButton</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
{/if}
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"><span class="token language-javascript">
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> walletStore <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-core"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletMultiButton <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@svelte-on-solana/wallet-adapter-ui"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</span></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
{#if $walletStore?.connected} Wallet with public key {$walletStore.publicKey}
successfully connected! {:else}
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>WalletMultiButton</span> <span class="token punctuation">/></span></span>
{/if}
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Partially Sorted</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-crear-una-cuenta-del-sistema" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo crear una cuenta del sistema"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo crear una cuenta del sistema <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-calcular-el-costo-de-una-cuenta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo calcular el costo de una cuenta"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo calcular el costo de una cuenta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-crear-cuentas-con-semillas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo crear cuentas con semillas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo crear cuentas con semillas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#generar" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Generar"><!--[--><!--]--> Generar <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#crear" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Crear"><!--[--><!--]--> Crear <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#transferir" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Transferir"><!--[--><!--]--> Transferir <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-crear-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo crear PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo crear PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#generar-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Generar una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)"><!--[--><!--]--> Generar una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#crear-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Crear una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)"><!--[--><!--]--> Crear una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-firmar-con-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo firmar con una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo firmar con una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#programa-1" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#cliente-1" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cliente"><!--[--><!--]--> Cliente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-obtener-cuentas-de-programas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo obtener cuentas de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo obtener cuentas de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-cerrar-cuentas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo cerrar cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo cerrar cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/accounts.html#como-obtener-el-balance-de-una-cuenta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo obtener el balance de una cuenta"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo obtener el balance de una cuenta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="cuentas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cuentas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cuentas</h1><h2 id="como-crear-una-cuenta-del-sistema" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-crear-una-cuenta-del-sistema" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo crear una cuenta del sistema</h2><p>Crea una cuenta del sistema que pertenezca al programa <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/javascript-reference#systemprogram" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">System Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. El runtime de Solana dará acceso al dueño de la cuenta a escribir datos y transferir lamports. Cuando se crea una cuenta, debemos definir un espacio de almacenamiento en bytes (<code>space</code>) y lamports suficientes para cubrir la renta. La renta (<a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rent<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>) es un costo en Solana para mantener las cuentas activas.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdrop SOL for transferring lamports to the created account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// amount of space to reserve for the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Seed the created account with lamports for rent exemption</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>space<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> newAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_exemption_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>space<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_account_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_account_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_exemption_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>create_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_tx<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error creating system account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_exemption_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>create_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>new_account_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_tx<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error creating system account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-calcular-el-costo-de-una-cuenta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-calcular-el-costo-de-una-cuenta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo calcular el costo de una cuenta</h2><p>Mantener activas las cuentas en Solana incurre en un costo de almacenamiento llamado renta (<a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rent<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>). Una cuenta puede quedar completamente exenta del cobro del alquiler mediante el depósito de al menos dos años de alquiler. Para el cálculo hay que tener en cuenta la cantidad de datos que pretende almacenar en la cuenta.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// length of data in the account to calculate rent for</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dataLength <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1500</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dataLength<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_length <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1500</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_exemption_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_minimum_balance_for_rent_exemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_length<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"rent exemption amount: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> rent_exemption_amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana rent <span class="token number">1500</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-crear-cuentas-con-semillas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-crear-cuentas-con-semillas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo crear cuentas con semillas</h2><p>Puedes usar <code>createAccountWithSeed</code> para crear cuentas en vez de crear diferentes cuentas con diferentes pares de llaves.</p><h3 id="generar" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generar" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Generar</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> basePubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">id</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"account pubkey: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">id</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"account pubkey: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="crear" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#crear" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Crear</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> base <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> basePubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> base<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// funder</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
base<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// funder</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> fee_payer_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> fee_payer_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> base_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">id</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>base_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error creating account with seed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> derived_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account_with_seed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>derived_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>base_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>fee_payer_keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>base_keypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="transferir" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transferir" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transferir</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> base <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> basePubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> base<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> seed <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"robot001"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> derived <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// create a random receiver</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
base<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// create a random receiver</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Only an account owned by system program can transfer via system program.</p></div><h2 id="como-crear-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-crear-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo crear PDAs</h2><p>Las cuentas derivadas de programa o <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Program derived address(PDA)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> son como cuentas normales con las siguientes diferencias:</p><ol><li>Salen de la curva ed25519</li><li>El programa es el que firma en vez de una llave privada</li></ol><p><strong>Nota</strong>: Las cuentas derivadas de programa solo pueden ser creadas en los programas. La dirección puede creada del lado del cliente.</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Aunque la cuenta derivada del programa (PDA) se deriva de un id de programa, no significa que la PDA sea propiedad del mismo programa. Por ejemplo, puedes crear un PDA como una cuenta de token, la cual es propiedad del programa token</p></div><h3 id="generar-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generar-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Generar una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)</h3><p><code>findProgramAddress</code> agregará un byte adicional al final de su semilla. Comienza de 255 a 0 y devuelve la primera clave pública fuera de la curva. Siempre obtendrá el mismo resultado si pasa la misma identificación del programa y semilla</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"test"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// you will find the result is different from `createProgramAddress`.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It is expected because the real seed we used to calculate is ["test" + bump]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"test"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pda: {}, bump: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="crear-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#crear-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Crear una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)</h3><p>A continuación verás un programa ejemplo para crear una cuenta derivada de programa y un ejemplo de cómo llamar al programa desde el cliente.</p><h4 id="programa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programa</h4><p>A continuación se muestra una única instrucción <code>system_instruction::create_account</code> que crea una cuenta con un tamaño de datos asignado de <code>space</code>, <code>rent_lamports</code> cantidad de lamports para la cuenta derivada de programa. Esto se firma con la cuenta derivada del programa usando <code>invoke_signed</code> similar a como lo vimos anteriormente.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_sysvar_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// find space and minimum rent required for account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> space <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent_sysvar_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="cliente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cliente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cliente</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// program id</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7ZP42kRwUQ2zgbqXoaXzAFaiQnDyp6swNktTSv8mNQGN"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup fee payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup pda</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data_size <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-firmar-con-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-firmar-con-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo firmar con una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)</h2><p>Las cuentas derivadas de programa (PDA) solo se pueden firmar dentro del programa. A continuación se muestra un programa ejemplo de firma con una PDA y una llamada al programa con el cliente.</p><h3 id="programa-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programa-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programa</h3><p>A continuación se muestra una única instrucción que transfiere SOL desde una PDA que fue derivada con la semilla <code>escrow</code> a una cuenta que se envía. <code>invoke_signed</code> es usado para firmar con la cuenta derivada de programa (PDA).</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// pass bump seed for saving compute budget</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> bump_seed <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">100_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">100_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="cliente-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cliente-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cliente</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// program id</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4wQC2yuVt4rbcPeYLK8WngqbYLg7UAahVjRFrK3NBjP6"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup fee payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup pda</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// require 1 SOL for the transfering in the program</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pdaAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pdaAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// create a random `to`</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> to <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">receiver: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Leave `false` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Leave `false` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-obtener-cuentas-de-programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-obtener-cuentas-de-programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo obtener cuentas de programas</h2><p>Retorna todas las cuentas derivadas de programa que es dueño un programa. Revisa la <a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="">sección Guías</a> para más información de <code>getProgramAccounts</code> y su configuración.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program 6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U:
[
{
account: {
data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc>,
executable: false,
lamports: 1064880,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 82fc5b91154dc5c840cb464ba6a89212d0fd789367c0a1488fb1941d78f9727a>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fd>,
executable: false,
lamports: 1064880,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 229
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 404dc1fe368cf194f20cf3c681a071c61893ced98f65cda12ba5a147e984e669>
}
}
]
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"accounts for {}, {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> https://api.devnet.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{"jsonrpc":"2.0", "id":1, "method":"getProgramAccounts", "params":["6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"]}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output</span>
<span class="token comment"># {"jsonrpc":"2.0","result":[{"account":{"data":"fe2kiXpgfrjWQjCPX3n5MB339Ayqav75ej","executable":false,"lamports":1064880,"owner":"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U","rentEpoch":228},"pubkey":"9pKBrUtJU9GNmct6T2BQtiKqvubtjS9D2if2bm1P8TQd"},{"account":{"data":"fe2kiXpgfrjVs7hiZJNVFsbJUuhXhFx3pQ","executable":false,"lamports":1064880,"owner":"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U","rentEpoch":229},"pubkey":"5L1rztbopmgGMWPKb2efoGyhGnrBJm6K53Hf9S4nxdHr"}],"id":1}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-cerrar-cuentas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-cerrar-cuentas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo cerrar cuentas</h2><p>Puedes cerrar una cuenta y borrar todos sus datos al eliminar todo el SOL. Puedes ver la renta (<a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">rent<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>) para más información</p><h4 id="programa-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programa-2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programa</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> source_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_starting_lamports
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> source_data <span class="token operator">=</span> source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
source_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fill</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_starting_lamports
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> source_data <span class="token operator">=</span> source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
source_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fill</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// setup fee payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to deploy your program first</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"An47uBJ8kY7hzKPzDyRoFSsDHkZFY9vkfUGpTViWqLFz"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. create an account to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> newAccountKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">new account: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// a random value</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">create account txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
createNewAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. close your account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">close account txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>closeAccountTx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. create an account to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// a random value</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. close your account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-obtener-el-balance-de-una-cuenta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-obtener-el-balance-de-una-cuenta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo obtener el balance de una cuenta</h2><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"The account {}, has {} SOL "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
balance <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_balance<span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_balance<span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ get_balance.cpp -o get_balance -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"public_key = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> public_key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">uint64_t</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"balance = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> balance <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> public_key <span class="token operator">=</span> key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">uint64_t</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Si deseas obtener el saldo de un token, deberás conocer la dirección de la cuenta de token. Para obtener más información, consulte <a href="/es/references/token.html" class="">Referencias de tokens</a></p></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Partially Sorted</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-transferir-sol-a-un-programa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo transferir SOL a un programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo transferir SOL a un programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-obtener-una-referencia-al-reloj-en-un-programa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo obtener una referencia al reloj en un programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo obtener una referencia al reloj en un programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#enviando-clock-como-una-cuenta-dentro-de-una-instruccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando Clock cómo una cuenta dentro de una instrucción"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando Clock cómo una cuenta dentro de una instrucción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#accediendo-al-reloj-directamente-dentro-de-una-instruccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Accediendo al reloj directamente dentro de una instrucción"><!--[--><!--]--> Accediendo al reloj directamente dentro de una instrucción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-cambiar-el-tamano-de-una-cuenta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo cambiar el tamaño de una cuenta"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo cambiar el tamaño de una cuenta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-hacer-una-invocacion-entre-programas-cross-program-invocation" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo hacer una invocación entre programas (Cross Program Invocation)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo hacer una invocación entre programas (Cross Program Invocation) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-crear-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo crear una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo crear una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-leer-cuentas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo leer cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo leer cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-verificar-cuentas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo verificar cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo verificar cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/programs.html#como-leer-multiples-instrucciones-de-una-transaccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo leer múltiples instrucciones de una transacción"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo leer múltiples instrucciones de una transacción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="escribiendo-programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#escribiendo-programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Escribiendo Programas</h1><h2 id="como-transferir-sol-a-un-programa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-transferir-sol-a-un-programa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo transferir SOL a un programa</h2><p>Tu programa en Solana puede transferir lamports de una cuenta a otra sin 'invocar' al programa del Sistema (System Program). La regla fundamental es que tu programa puede transferir lamports desde cualquier cuenta <strong>propiedad</strong> de tu programa a cualquier cuenta.</p><p>La cuenta del destinatario <em>no tiene que ser</em> una cuenta propiedad de tu programa.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Transfers lamports from one account (must be program owned)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to another account. The recipient can by any account</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
amount_of_lamports<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Does the from account have enough lamports to transfer?</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>from_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator"><</span> amount_of_lamports <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CustomError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InsufficientFundsForTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Debit from_account and credit to_account</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>from_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">-=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>to_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_borrow_mut_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token operator">+=</span> amount_of_lamports<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Primary function handler associated with instruction sent</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">instruction_handler</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the 'from' and 'to' accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to_service_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extract a service 'fee' of 5 lamports for performing this instruction</span>
<span class="token function">transfer_service_fee_lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>from_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> to_service_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Perform the primary instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">// ... etc.</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-obtener-una-referencia-al-reloj-en-un-programa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-obtener-una-referencia-al-reloj-en-un-programa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo obtener una referencia al reloj en un programa</h2><p>Se puede obtener un reloj de dos maneras:</p><ol><li>Enviando <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> en una instrucción</li><li>Accediendo a Clock directamente dentro de una instrucción.</li></ol><p>Es bueno conocer ambos métodos porque algunos programas antiguos aún esperan <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> cómo una cuenta.</p><h3 id="enviando-clock-como-una-cuenta-dentro-de-una-instruccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#enviando-clock-como-una-cuenta-dentro-de-una-instruccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Enviando Clock cómo una cuenta dentro de una instrucción</h3><p>Vamos a crear una instrucción que reciba una cuenta para inicializar y la clave pública de sysvar</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">clock<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] Clock sys var</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> _payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Clock sysvar</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> sysvar_clock_pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Type casting [AccountInfo] to [Clock]</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting timestamp</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sysvar_clock_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Ahora enviamos la dirección pública de la variable del sistema (sysvar) del reloj desde el cliente</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> helloAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accountSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accountSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> accountSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> passClockIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> passClockIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"77ezihTV6mTh2Uf3ggwbYF2NyGJJ5HHah1GrdowWJVD3"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing Clock Sys Var</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> passClockIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_signer<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_writable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>passClockIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="accediendo-al-reloj-directamente-dentro-de-una-instruccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#accediendo-al-reloj-directamente-dentro-de-una-instruccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Accediendo al reloj directamente dentro de una instrucción</h3><p>Creemos la misma instrucción pero sin esperar <code>SYSVAR_CLOCK_PUBKEY</code> desde el cliente</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">clock<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> _payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting clock directly</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting timestamp</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Current Timestamp: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> current_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> clock <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> current_timestamp <span class="token operator">=</span> clock<span class="token punctuation">.</span>unix_timestamp<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>La instrucción del cliente ahora solo necesita enviar el estado y las cuentas que pagan la transacción</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> helloAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accountSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// because there exists just one boolean variable</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accountSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space for hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allocateHelloAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> accountSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allocateHelloAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> initIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4ZEdbCtb5UyCSiAMHV5eSHfyjq3QwbG3yXb6oHD7RYjk"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// No more requirement to pass clock sys var key</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
helloAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Transaction succeeded. TxHash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-cambiar-el-tamano-de-una-cuenta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-cambiar-el-tamano-de-una-cuenta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo cambiar el tamaño de una cuenta</h2><p>Puede cambiar el tamaño de una cuenta propiedad del programa con el uso de <code>realloc</code>. <code>realloc</code> puede cambiar el tamaño de una cuenta hasta 10 KB. Cuando uses <code>realloc</code> para aumentar el tamaño de una cuenta, debes transferir lamports para mantener esa cuenta exenta de alquiler.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">WhiteListData</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>convert<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">TryInto</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Length = BOOL + VEC + Pubkey * n (n = number of keys)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"input: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> funding_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Initialize</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">INITIAL_ACCOUNT_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>_program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">WhiteListData</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>white_list <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">WhitelistInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AddKey</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"AddKey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">WhiteListData</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_size <span class="token operator">=</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_diff <span class="token operator">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">saturating_sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_diff<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">realloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>white_list<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">push</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">// adding a publickey to the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_size <span class="token operator">=</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> new_minimum_balance <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_diff <span class="token operator">=</span> new_minimum_balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">saturating_sub</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_diff<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">realloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-hacer-una-invocacion-entre-programas-cross-program-invocation" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-hacer-una-invocacion-entre-programas-cross-program-invocation" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo hacer una invocación entre programas (Cross Program Invocation)</h2><p>Una invocación de programa cruzada (Cross Program Invocation), simplemente llama a la instrucción de otro programa dentro del nuestro. Un buen ejemplo es el <code>swap</code> de Uniswap. El contrato <code>UniswapV2Router</code>, llama a la lógica necesaria para hacer swap, y llama a la función de transferencia del contrato <code>ERC20</code> para hacer swap de una persona a otra. De la misma manera, podemos llamer a la instrucción de un programa de acuerdo a nuestras necesidades.</p><p>Echemos un vistazo a nuestro primer ejemplo, que es la instrucción <code>Transferencia del Programa Token SPL</code>. Las cuentas requeridas para que la transferencia ocurra son:</p><ol><li>La cuenta de token de origin (La cuenta donde tenemos los tokens)</li><li>La cuenta de token de destino (La cuenta a la que le vamos a transferir los tokens)</li><li>La cuenta principal del dueño de los tokens a transferir (La dirección con la que vamos a firmar)</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [writable] Source Token Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Destination Token Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [signer] Source Token Account holder's PubKey</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 4. [] Token Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Token account we hold</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> source_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Token account to send to</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> destination_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Our wallet address</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> source_token_account_holder <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Token Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>
<span class="token comment">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>
<span class="token comment">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>
<span class="token comment">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Transferring {} tokens from {} to {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
token_transfer_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Result<Instruction, ProgramError>)
Ok(Instruction {
program_id: *token_program_id, // PASSED FROM USER
accounts,
data,
})
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
token_transfer_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transfer successful"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> token_transfer_amount <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> transfer_tokens_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>token_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
token_transfer_amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_transfer <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
source_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
destination_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
source_token_account_holder<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>transfer_tokens_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_transfer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><br> La instrucción del cliente sería la siguiente. Para conocer las instrucciones de creación de token y mint, consulte el código completo. <br><br><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
AccountLayout<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
MintLayout<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
u64<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bn.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Mint and token accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Numbers</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> <span class="token constant">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">...</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name"><span class="token constant">BN</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toArray</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"le"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintDataSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> MintLayout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintRentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintDataSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenDataSpace <span class="token operator">=</span> AccountLayout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenRentRequired <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenDataSpace
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping some SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space and rent for mint account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createMintAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> mintRentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> mintDataSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initializing mint with decimals and authority</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initializeMintIx <span class="token operator">=</span> Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createInitMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DEFAULT_DECIMALS_COUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mintAuthority</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freezeAuthority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space and rent for source token account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createSourceTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initializeSourceTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Minting tokens to the source token account for transferring later to destination account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintTokensIx <span class="token operator">=</span> Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createMintToInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Allocating space and rent for destination token account</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenRentRequired<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> tokenDataSpace<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Initializing token account with mint and owner</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createInitAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">RECEIVER_KEYPAIR</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our program's CPI instruction (transfer)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
createMintAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
initializeMintIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSourceTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
initializeSourceTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintTokensIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
initializeDestinationTokenAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
transferTokensIx
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"EfYK91eN3AqTwY1C34W6a33qGAtQ8HJYVhNv7cV4uMZj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTokensIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_TRANSFER_AMOUNT_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transferTokensIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_MINT_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOURCE_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DESTINATION_TOKEN_ACCOUNT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Token transfer CPI success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Ahora echemos un vistazo a otro ejemplo, que es la instrucción <code>create_account</code> del programa del sistema. Hay una ligera diferencia entre la instrucción mencionada anteriormente y esta. En la anterior, nunca tuvimos que pasar <code>token_program</code> como una de las cuentas dentro de la función <code>invoke</code>. Sin embargo, hay excepciones en las que debe pasar el <code>program_id</code> de la instrucción de invocación. En nuestro caso, sería el id_programa del 'Programa del sistema' ("111111111111111111111111111111111"). Así que ahora las cuentas requeridas serían:</p><ol><li>La cuenta del pagador de la renta</li><li>La cuenta que va a ser creada</li><li>La cuenta del programa del sistema</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>create_account<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Payer Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [signer, writable] General State Account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required for token transfer</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Payer account for the state account creation</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Token account we hold</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> general_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Creating account for {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Parsing the token transfer amount from instruction data</span>
<span class="token comment">// a. Getting the 0th to 8th index of the u8 byte array</span>
<span class="token comment">// b. Converting the obtained non zero u8 to a proper u8 (as little endian integers)</span>
<span class="token comment">// c. Converting the little endian integers to a u64 number</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_span <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_span <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Creating a new TransactionInstruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Instruction)
Instruction::new_with_bincode(
system_program::id(), // NOT PASSED FROM USER
&SystemInstruction::CreateAccount {
lamports,
space,
owner: *owner,
},
account_metas,
)
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_span<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Passing the TransactionInstruction to send (with the issused program_id)</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transfer successful"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> account_span <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">and_then</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>slice<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> slice<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>from_le_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_span <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_account_instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_span<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> required_accounts_for_create <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
general_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>create_account_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>required_accounts_for_create<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>El código del lado del cliente se verá de la siguiente manera:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> TransactionInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bn.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Users</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">...</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name"><span class="token constant">BN</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toArray</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"le"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping some SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DkuQ5wsndkzXfgqDB6Lgf4sDjBi4gkLSak1dM5Mn2RuQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdropping some SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our program's CPI instruction (create_account)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> creataAccountIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SPACE_BUFFER</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Adding up all the above instructions</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>creataAccountIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">GENERAL_STATE_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Create Account CPI Success: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-crear-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-crear-una-cuenta-derivada-de-programa-pda" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo crear una cuenta derivada de programa (PDA)</h2><p>Una dirección derivada del programa es simplemente una cuenta propiedad del programa, pero no tiene clave privada. En cambio, su firma se obtiene mediante un conjunto de semillas y un "bump" (un número que asegura que está fuera de la curva). "<strong>Generar</strong>" una dirección de programa es diferente de "<strong>crearla</strong>". Se puede generar un PDA usando <code>Pubkey::find_program_address</code>. Crear un PDA esencialmente significa inicializar la dirección con espacio y establecer el estado. Se puede crear una cuenta Keypair normal fuera de nuestro programa y luego enviarla para inicializar su estado. Desafortunadamente, para las PDA, se tienen que crear en la blockchain, debido a la naturaleza de no poder firmar en su nombre. Por lo tanto, usamos <code>invoke_signed</code> para pasar las semillas de la PDA, junto con la firma de la cuenta de fondos, lo que da como resultado la creación de la cuenta de una PDA.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer, writable] Funding account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] PDA account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting required accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> funding_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Getting PDA Bump from instruction data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_data
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">split_first</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if passed PDA and expected PDA are equal</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">*</span>pda_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pda <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">create_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Assessing required lamports and creating transaction instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_required <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Invoking the instruction but with PDAs as additional signer</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setting state for PDA</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
pda_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> create_pda_account_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports_required<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_DATA_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>create_pda_account_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>funding_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pda_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>signers_seeds<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Uno puede enviar las cuentas requeridas a través del cliente de la siguiente manera</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Airdop to Payer</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">PDA Pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createPDAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createPDAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Created PDA successfully. Tx Hash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txHash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6eW5nnSosr2LpkUGCdznsjRGDhVb26tLmiM1P8RV1QQp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"customaddress"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createPDAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createPDAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> txHash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">PAYER_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-leer-cuentas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-leer-cuentas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo leer cuentas</h2><p>Casi todas las instrucciones en Solana requerirían al menos 2 o 3 cuentas, y se mencionarían sobre los controladores de instrucciones en qué orden espera ese conjunto de cuentas. Es bastante simple si aprovechamos el método <code>iter()</code> en Rust, en lugar de indicar manualmente las cuentas. El método <code>next_account_info</code> básicamente obtiene el primer índice del iterable y devuelve la cuenta presente dentro de la matriz de cuentas. Veamos una instrucción simple que espera varias cuentas y requiere analizar cada una de ellas.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] Rent account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 4. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Rent account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
_program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fetching all the accounts as a iterator (facilitating for loops and iterations)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Rent account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-verificar-cuentas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-verificar-cuentas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo verificar cuentas</h2><p>Dado que los programas en Solana no tienen estado, nosotros, como creadores de programas, debemos asegurarnos de que las cuentas pasadas se validen tanto como sea posible para evitar cualquier entrada de cuentas maliciosas. Las comprobaciones básicas que se pueden hacer son</p><ol><li>Validar si el el firmante esperado ha firmado</li><li>Validar si el estado de la cuenta está como escribible</li><li>Validar si el dueño del estado de la cuenta es el id del programa</li><li>Validar si la cuenta ya fue inicializada</li><li>Validar si los ids de programas que se envían (cuando se necesite) son los esperados</li></ol><p>A continuación se define una instrucción básica que inicializa una cuenta de estado de héroe, pero con las comprobaciones mencionadas anteriormente.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">clock<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Clock</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">system_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token constant">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">HelloState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts required</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. [signer] Payer</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. [writable] Hello state account</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. [] System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Payer account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Hello state account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// System Program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_exempt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IllegalOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token constant">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payer_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> hello_state_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if payer account is the signer</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>payer_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is rent exempt</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_exempt</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountNotRentExempt</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account is writable</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if hello state account's owner is the current program</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IllegalOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the system program is valid</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ne</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token constant">SYSTEM_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">HelloState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Checking if the state has already been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
hello_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> hello_state_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account initialized :)"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-leer-multiples-instrucciones-de-una-transaccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-leer-multiples-instrucciones-de-una-transaccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo leer múltiples instrucciones de una transacción</h2><p>Solana nos permite echar un vistazo a todas las instrucciones en la transacción actual. Podemos almacenarlas en una variable e iterar sobre ellas. Podemos hacer muchas cosas con esto, como verificar transacciones sospechosas.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
sysvar<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">serialize_utils<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>read_pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>read_u16<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">cookbook</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">read_multiple_instruction</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> creator_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>instruction_sysvar_account<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"8DJXJRV8DBFjJDYyU9cTHBVK1F1CTCi6JUBDVfyBxqsT"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction_sysvar <span class="token operator">=</span> instruction_sysvar_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_instructions <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>_<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NoInstructionFound</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> index <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>num_instructions <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> current <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>index <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> start <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">=</span> start <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>num_accounts <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_id <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> program_id <span class="token operator">!=</span> id
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction had ix with program id {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SuspiciousTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(creator_bump:u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ReadMultipleInstruction</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(address = sysvar::instructions::id())]</span>
instruction_sysvar_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">UncheckedAccount</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error_code]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MyError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"No instructions found"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">NoInstructionFound</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Suspicious transaction detected"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">SuspiciousTransaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_instructions <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> idx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>_<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token class-name">MyError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">NoInstructionFound</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> index <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>num_instructions <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> current <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>index <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> start <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">=</span> start <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> num_accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">read_u16</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> current<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>instruction_sysvar<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
current <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>num_accounts <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#iniciando-un-validador" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Iniciando un validador"><!--[--><!--]--> Iniciando un validador <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#conectandote-con-los-diferentes-entornos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Conectándote con los diferentes entornos"><!--[--><!--]--> Conectándote con los diferentes entornos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#suscripcion-a-eventos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Suscripción a eventos"><!--[--><!--]--> Suscripción a eventos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#obteniendo-sol-para-pruebas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obteniendo SOL para pruebas"><!--[--><!--]--> Obteniendo SOL para pruebas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#usando-cuentas-de-mainnet-y-programas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Usando cuentas de mainnet y programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Usando cuentas de mainnet y programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#como-cargar-cuentas-de-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo cargar cuentas de mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo cargar cuentas de mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/local-development.html#como-cargar-programas-de-mainnet" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo cargar programas de mainnet"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo cargar programas de mainnet <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="desarrollo-en-un-entorno-local" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#desarrollo-en-un-entorno-local" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Desarrollo en un entorno local</h1><h2 id="iniciando-un-validador" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#iniciando-un-validador" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Iniciando un validador</h2><p>Probar el código de tu programa localmente puede ser mucho más confiable que probarlo en devnet, y puede ayudarte con las pruebas previas a devnet.</p><p>Puedes configurar un validador de prueba local instalando <a href="/getting-started/installation.html#install-cli" class="">solana tool suite</a> y ejecutando</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Beneficios de usar local-test-validator incluyen:</p><ul><li>No tener limites en el número de llamadas RPC</li><li>No tener límites de airdrop</li><li>Despliegue directo de un programa on-chain (<code>--bpf-program ...</code>)</li><li>Conar cuentas de un cluster público, incluyendo programas (<code>--clone ...</code>)</li><li>La posibilidad de configurar el historial de retención de transacciones (<code>--limit-ledger-size ...</code>)</li><li>Poder configurar los slots por epoch (<code>--slots-per-epoch ...</code>)</li><li>Saltar a un slot específico (<code>--warp-slot ...</code>)</li></ul><h2 id="conectandote-con-los-diferentes-entornos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#conectandote-con-los-diferentes-entornos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Conectándote con los diferentes entornos</h2><p>Cuando desarrollas en Solana, debes conectarte a un API de RPC específico. Solana cuenta con 3 entornos distintos para desarrollo:</p><ul><li>mainnet-beta https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</li><li>devnet https://api.devnet.solana.com</li><li>testnet https://api.testnet.solana.com</li></ul><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Finalmente, también te puedes conectar con un cluster privado, sea local o remoto con lo siguiente:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// This will connect you to your local validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana config <span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> --url http://privaterpc.com
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="suscripcion-a-eventos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#suscripcion-a-eventos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Suscripción a eventos</h2><p>Websockets proporciona una interfaz pub/sub donde puedes escuchar ciertos eventos. En lugar de hacer ping a un endpoint HTTP de forma recurrente para obtener actualizaciones frecuentes, puede recibir esas actualizaciones solo cuando sucedan.</p><p>Solana web3 <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>Connection</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> por debajo genera un endpoint de websocket y registra a un cliente websocket cuando creas una nueva instancia de conexión (<code>Connection</code>) (puedes ver el código fuente <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js/blob/45923ca00e4cc1ed079d8e55ecbee83e5b4dc174/src/connection.ts#L2100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">aquí<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>).</p><p>La clase <code>Connection</code> expone methods pub/sub - todos empiezan con <code>on</code>, como emisores de eventos. Cuando llamas a estos métodos de escucha, se registra una nueva suscripción al cliente de websocket de esa instancia de conexión (<code>Connection</code>). El ejemplo de método pub/sub que utilizamos abajo es <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#onAccountChange" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>onAccountChange</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. El callback brindará información actualizada a través de los argumentos (ver <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/modules.html#AccountChangeCallback" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>AccountChangeCallback</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> como un ejemplo).</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> context<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Updated account info: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Establish new connect to devnet - websocket client connected to devnet will also be registered here</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create a test wallet to listen to</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Register a callback to listen to the wallet (ws subscription)</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">onAccountChange</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">,</span> context<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Updated account info: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> updatedAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> asyncio
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>websocket_api <span class="token keyword">import</span> connect
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment"># Create a Test Wallet</span>
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_subscribe<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Capture response from account subscription </span>
first_resp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>first_resp<span class="token punctuation">.</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
updated_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>updated_account_info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
asyncio<span class="token punctuation">.</span>run<span class="token punctuation">(</span>main<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">with</span> connect<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token comment"># Create a Test Wallet</span>
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Subscribe to the Test wallet to listen for events</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_subscribe<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Capture response from account subscription </span>
first_resp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful with id {}, listening for events \n"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">format</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>first_resp<span class="token punctuation">.</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
updated_account_info <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> websocket<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recv<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>updated_account_info<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ on_account_change.cpp -o on_account_change -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> subscriptionId <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">on_account_change</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Result<span class="token operator"><</span>Account<span class="token operator">></span> result<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Account account <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"owner = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"lamports = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"data = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"executable = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executable <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"false"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string tx_hash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"tx hash = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> tx_hash <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">poll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove_account_listener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscriptionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> subscriptionId <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">on_account_change</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Result<span class="token operator"><</span>Account<span class="token operator">></span> result<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Account account <span class="token operator">=</span> result<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"owner = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"lamports = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"data = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"executable = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>executable <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token string">"true"</span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"false"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">poll</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sleep</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove_account_listener</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscriptionId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubsub_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ws_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> ws_url<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>subscription<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">account_subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>ws_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> ws_client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> subscription<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Subscription successful, listening for events"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>thread<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">spawn</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">move</span> <span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Waiting for a message"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">recv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>err<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Connection broke with {:}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
handle<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">join</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ws_client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">shutdown</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Errooooor"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> ws_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wss://api.devnet.solana.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PubsubClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">account_subscribe</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>ws_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">None</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">recv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="obteniendo-sol-para-pruebas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obteniendo-sol-para-pruebas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obteniendo SOL para pruebas</h2><p>Cuando trabajas localmente, necesitas SOL para enviar transacciones. En entornos que no son de red principal (mainnet), puedes recibir SOL haciendo airdrop a tu dirección</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">C++</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lastValidBlockHeight <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lastValidBlockHeight<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
signature
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment">#Input Airdrop amount in LAMPORTS</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">#Airdrops 1 SOL</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code><span class="token comment">// clang++ request_airdrop.cpp -o request_airdrop -std=c++17 -lssl -lcrypto -lsodium</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string">"solana.hpp"</span></span>
<span class="token keyword">using</span> <span class="token keyword">namespace</span> many<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>solana<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection <span class="token function">connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">auto</span> key_pair <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>string tx_hash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>cout <span class="token operator"><<</span> <span class="token string">"tx hash = "</span> <span class="token operator"><<</span> tx_hash <span class="token operator"><<</span> std<span class="token double-colon punctuation">::</span>endl<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-cpp ext-cpp line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-cpp"><code>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key_pair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>public_key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> client <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">match</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana airdrop <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token comment"># Return</span>
<span class="token comment"># "1 SOL"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana airdrop <span class="token number">1</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="usando-cuentas-de-mainnet-y-programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usando-cuentas-de-mainnet-y-programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Usando cuentas de mainnet y programas</h2><p>A menudo, las pruebas locales se basan en programas y cuentas disponibles solo en la red principal. La CLI de Solana permite tanto:</p><ul><li>Descargar programas y cuentas</li><li>Cargar programas y cuentas a un validador local</li></ul><h3 id="como-cargar-cuentas-de-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-cargar-cuentas-de-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo cargar cuentas de mainnet</h3><p>Es posible descargar la cuenta mint del token SRM:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana account -u <source cluster> --output <output format> --output-file <destination file name/path> <address of account to fetch></span>
solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana account -u m --output json-compact --output-file SRM_token.json SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Luego, para cargarlo a la red local se debe pasar el archivo de la cuenta y la dirección de destino (en el clúster local) al iniciar el validador:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana-test-validator --account <address to load the account to> <path to account file> --reset</span>
solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-test-validator --account SRMuApVNdxXokk5GT7XD5cUUgXMBCoAz2LHeuAoKWRt SRM_token.json --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="como-cargar-programas-de-mainnet" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-cargar-programas-de-mainnet" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo cargar programas de mainnet</h3><p>De igual forma, es posible descargar el programa Serum Dex v3:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana program dump -u <source cluster> <address of account to fetch> <destination file name/path></span>
solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program dump -u m 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Luego, para cargarlo a la red local se debe pasar el archivo de la cuenta y la dirección de destino (en el clúster local) al iniciar el validador:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># solana-test-validator --bpf-program <address to load the program to> <path to program file> --reset</span>
solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program 9xQeWvG816bUx9EPjHmaT23yvVM2ZWbrrpZb9PusVFin serum_dex_v3.so --reset
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Partially Sorted</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/nfts.html#¿como-crear-un-nft" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo crear un NFT?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo crear un NFT? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/nfts.html#subir-a-arweave" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Subir a Arweave"><!--[--><!--]--> Subir a Arweave <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/nfts.html#crear-mint-el-nft" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Crear (mint) el NFT"><!--[--><!--]--> Crear (mint) el NFT <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/nfts.html#¿como-obtener-metadatos-de-un-nft" class="router-link-active 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V1"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine V1 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/nfts.html#candy-machine-v2" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Candy Machine V2"><!--[--><!--]--> Candy Machine V2 <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/nfts.html#¿como-obtener-todos-los-nft-de-una-billetera" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo obtener todos los NFT de una billetera?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo obtener todos los NFT de una billetera? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="tokens-no-fungibles-nfts" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#tokens-no-fungibles-nfts" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Tokens no fungibles (NFTs)</h1><h2 id="¿como-crear-un-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-crear-un-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo crear un NFT?</h2><p>Para crear un NFT tu tienes que:</p><ol><li>Subir la imagen a IPFS como Arweave</li><li>Subir los metadatos en json a IPFS como Arweave</li><li>Llamar a metaplex para crear la cuenta para el NFT</li></ol><h3 id="subir-a-arweave" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#subir-a-arweave" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Subir a Arweave</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> fs <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"fs"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> Arweave <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"arweave"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> arweave <span class="token operator">=</span> Arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">init</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
host<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"arweave.net"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
port<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">443</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
protocol<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
timeout<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">20000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
logging<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> data<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wallet.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>response<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> imageUrl <span class="token operator">=</span> id <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">https://arweave.net/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>id<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"imageUrl"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token builtin">symbol</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"CNFT"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
description<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seller_fee_basis_points<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">500</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
external_url<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
attributes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
trait_type<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"NFT type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
collection<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
name<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Test Collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
family<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
properties<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
files<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
type<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
category<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
creators<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
address<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
share<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
image<span class="token operator">:</span> imageUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> metadataRequest<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"metadata txid"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> data<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">readFileSync</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"wallet.json"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>response<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> id <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>id<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> imageUrl <span class="token operator">=</span> id <span class="token operator">?</span> <span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">https://arweave.net/</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>id<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span> <span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataRequest <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> metadataRequest<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addTag</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Content-Type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"application/json"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transactions<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataTransaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> arweave<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arweave_lib <span class="token keyword">import</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> API_URL
<span class="token keyword">import</span> json
<span class="token comment"># Load your arweave wallet</span>
your_ar_wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'wallet.json'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'rb'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> f<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
img_in_bytes <span class="token operator">=</span> f<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Upload image to Arweave</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'image/png'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
image_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token comment"># Define metadata</span>
metadata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"symbol"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"CNFT"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"description"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"A description about my custom NFT #1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"seller_fee_basis_points"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">500</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"external_url"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://www.customnft.com/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"attributes"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"trait_type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"NFT type"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"name"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Test Collection"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"family"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"Custom NFTs"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"properties"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"files"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"uri"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> image_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"type"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"image/png"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"category"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"maxSupply"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"creators"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">"address"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"CBBUMHRmbVUck99mTCip5sHP16kzGj3QTYB8K3XxwmQx"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"share"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"image"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> image_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment"># Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
meta_transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dumps<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'text/html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
metadata_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata_url<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token comment"># 1. Load your arweave wallet</span>
your_ar_wallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Wallet<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'wallet.json'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># 2. Upload image to Arweave</span>
<span class="token keyword">with</span> <span class="token builtin">open</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'./code/nfts/arweave-upload/lowres-dog.png'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'rb'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> f<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
img_in_bytes <span class="token operator">=</span> f<span class="token punctuation">.</span>read<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>img_in_bytes<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'image/png'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
image_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
<span class="token comment"># 3. Upload metadata to Arweave</span>
meta_transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>your_ar_wallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>json<span class="token punctuation">.</span>dumps<span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>add_tag<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">'Content-Type'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'text/html'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
metadata_url <span class="token operator">=</span> API_URL<span class="token operator">+</span><span class="token string">"/"</span><span class="token operator">+</span>meta_transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token builtin">id</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="crear-mint-el-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#crear-mint-el-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Crear (mint) el NFT</h3><p>Si ya tiene la imagen y los metadatos cargados, puede hacer mint del NFT con el siguiente código.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> dotenv <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"dotenv"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
dotenv<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">parse</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process<span class="token punctuation">.</span>env<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">SOLANA_KEYPAIR</span><span class="token operator">!</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayerAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mintNFTResponse<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> mintNFTResponse <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">create</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
uri<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https://ffaaqinzhkt4ukhbohixfliubnvpjgyedi3f2iccrq4efh3s.arweave.net/KUAIIbk6p8oo4XHRcq0U__C2r0mwQaNl0gQow4Qp9yk"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
maxSupply<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>No puedes hacer mint de un NFT con un creador diferente al de tu billetera. Si tienes problemas al crear, asegúrese de que sus metadatos lo incluyan como el creador.</p></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-metadatos-de-un-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-metadatos-de-un-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener metadatos de un NFT?</h2><p>Los NFTs de Metaplex tienen metadatos que se almacenan en Arweave. Para obtener los metadatos de Arweave, debes obtener el PDA de Metaplex PDA y decodificar los datos de la cuenta.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findByMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> mintAddress <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
name: 'SMB #139',
symbol: 'SMB',
description: 'SMB is a collection of 5000 randomly generated 24x24 pixels NFTs on the Solana Blockchain. Each SolanaMonkey is unique and comes with different type and attributes varying in rarity.',
seller_fee_basis_points: 600,
image: 'https://arweave.net/tZrNpbFUizSoFnyTqP4n2e1Tf7WvP3siUwFWKMMid_Q',
external_url: 'https://solanamonkey.business/',
collection: { name: 'SMB Gen2', family: 'SMB' },
attributes: [
{ trait_type: 'Attributes Count', value: 2 },
{ trait_type: 'Type', value: 'Solana' },
{ trait_type: 'Clothes', value: 'Orange Shirt' },
{ trait_type: 'Ears', value: 'None' },
{ trait_type: 'Mouth', value: 'None' },
{ trait_type: 'Eyes', value: 'Cool Glasses' },
{ trait_type: 'Hat', value: 'None' }
],
properties: {
files: [ [Object], [Object] ],
category: 'image',
creators: [ [Object] ]
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Ay1U9DWphDgc7hq58Yj1yHabt91zTzvV2YJbAWkPNbaK"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nft <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findByMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> mintAddress <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nft<span class="token punctuation">.</span>json<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-el-dueno-de-un-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-el-dueno-de-un-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener el dueño de un NFT?</h2><p>Si tiene la clave de mint de un NFT, puede encontrar su propietario actual echando un vistazo a la cuenta de token más grande para ese mint.</p><p>Recuerde que los NFT tienen un suministro de 1 y son indivisibles, lo que significa que solo una cuenta de token mantendrá ese token en cualquier punto en el tiempo, mientras que todas las demás cuentas de token para esa clave de mint tienen un saldo de 0.</p><p>Una vez que se identifica la cuenta de token más grande, podemos recuperar a su propietario.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
largestAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parsed<span class="token punctuation">.</span>info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 6ddf6e1d765a193d9cbe146ceeb79ac1cb485ed5f5b37913a8cf5857eff00a9>
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"9ARngHhVaCtH5JFieRdSS5Y8cdZk2TMF4tfGSWFB9iSK"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenLargestAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> largestAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
largestAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>address
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>largestAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parsed<span class="token punctuation">.</span>info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-direcciones-de-mint-de-nft" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-direcciones-de-mint-de-nft" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener direcciones de mint de NFT?</h2><p>Si conoces la clave pública de Candy Machine, puede obtener la lista de todas las direcciones de mint NFT generadas desde esa Candy Machine usando el siguiente código. Ten en cuenta que podemos usar el siguiente filtro <code>memcmp</code> porque, en v1, el primer creador siempre es la dirección de Candy Machine.</p><h3 id="candy-machine-v1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#candy-machine-v1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Candy Machine V1</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">9</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="candy-machine-v2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#candy-machine-v2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Candy Machine V2</h3><p>Si estás utilizando Candy Machine v2, primero deberás acceder a su dirección "Candy Machine Creator", que es un PDA simple que utiliza <code>candy_machine</code> y la dirección de Candy Machine v2 como semillas. Una vez que tengas la dirección del creador, puede usarla de la misma manera que lo hicimos para v1.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">200</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LIMIT</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_CREATOR_LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_DATA_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">9</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">172</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_NAME_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_URI_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token constant">MAX_SYMBOL_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span>
<span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"metaqbxxUerdq28cj1RbAWkYQm3ybzjb6a8bt518x1s"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"cndy3Z4yapfJBmL3ShUp5exZKqR3z33thTzeNMm2gRZ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"ENTER_YOUR_CANDY_MACHINE_ID_HERE"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token function-variable function">getMintAddresses</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>firstCreatorAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metadataAccounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_METADATA_PROGRAM</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// The mint address is located at byte 33 and lasts for 32 bytes.</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">33</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Only get Metadata accounts.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MAX_METADATA_LEN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Filter using the first creator.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">CREATOR_ARRAY_START</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> firstCreatorAddress<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> metadataAccounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>metadataAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
candyMachine<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"candy_machine"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> candyMachine<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> getCandyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
candyMachine<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token builtin">number</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=></span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"candy_machine"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> candyMachine<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">CANDY_MACHINE_V2_PROGRAM</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> candyMachineCreator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getCandyMachineCreator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">getMintAddresses</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>candyMachineCreator<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-todos-los-nft-de-una-billetera" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-todos-los-nft-de-una-billetera" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener todos los NFT de una billetera?</h2><p>Al obtener todos los NFT de una billetera, deberá obtener todas las cuentas de token y luego analizar cuáles son NFT. Todo esto se puede hacer usando <a href="https://github.com/metaplex-foundation/js/blob/248b61baf89a69b88f9a461e32b1cbd54a9b0a18/src/programs/metadata/accounts/Metadata.ts#L220-L236" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"><code>findDataByOwner</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de la librería js de Metaplex.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Metaplex<span class="token punctuation">,</span> keypairIdentity <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@metaplex-foundation/js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allNFTs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> owner <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allNFTs<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> keypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> metaplex <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Metaplex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">use</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">keypairIdentity</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>keypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2R4bHmSBHkHAskerTHE6GE1Fxbn31kaD5gHqpsPySVd7"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> allNFTs <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> metaplex<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nfts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findAllByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> owner <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>allNFTs<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html#how-to-send-spl-tokens" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="How to send SPL-Tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> How to send SPL-Tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html#como-calcular-el-costo-de-una-transaccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo calcular el costo de una transacción"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo calcular el costo de una transacción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html#getestimatedfee" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="getEstimatedFee"><!--[--><!--]--> getEstimatedFee <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html#getfeeformessage" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="getFeeForMessage"><!--[--><!--]--> getFeeForMessage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html#como-agregar-un-memo-en-una-transaccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo agregar un memo en una transacción"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo agregar un memo en una transacción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html#como-cambiar-el-presupuesto-de-computo-para-una-transaccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo cambiar el presupuesto de cómputo para una transacción"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo cambiar el presupuesto de cómputo para una transacción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="enviando-transacciones" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#enviando-transacciones" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Enviando transacciones</h1><h2 id="como-enviar-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-enviar-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo enviar SOL</h2><p>Para enviar SOL, necesitarás interactuar con el programa <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SystemProgram<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" 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data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transaction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Transaction
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>system_program <span class="token keyword">import</span> TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transfer
LAMPORT_PER_SOL <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1000000000</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client <span class="token operator">=</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
sender <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
receiver <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
airdrop <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>request_airdrop<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> LAMPORT_PER_SOL<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
airdrop_signature <span class="token operator">=</span> airdrop<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>confirm_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdrop_signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">(</span>TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sender<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code>transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transfer<span class="token punctuation">(</span>TransferParams<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
from_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>sender<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_pubkey<span class="token operator">=</span>receiver<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sender<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>native_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> from <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> frompubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> to <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> topubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>to<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> lamports_to_send <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Airdropping some Sol to the 'from' account</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request_airdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error requesting airdrop"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Creating the transfer sol instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>topubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Putting the transfer sol instruction into a transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Failed to get latest blockhash."</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_signed_with_payer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ix<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>frompubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">///Sending the transfer sol transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">loop</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> confirmed <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Transaction: {} Status: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> sig<span class="token punctuation">,</span> confirmed<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">break</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Error transferring Sol:, {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> e<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>from<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>to<span class="token punctuation">,</span> lamports_to_send<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.001</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="how-to-send-spl-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-send-spl-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to send SPL-Tokens</h2><p>Usa el programa <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Token Program<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> para transferir SPL Tokens. Para enviar un token SPL, necesitas saber la dirección de la cuenta de token del usuario relacionada al token que quieres enviar. Puedes obtener la dirección y enviar tokens de la siguiente manera.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintTo<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createTransferInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Generate a new wallet keypair and airdrop SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromWallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromAirdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Wait for airdrop confirmation</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fromAirdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Generate a new wallet to receive newly minted token</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toWallet <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create new token mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">9</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the token account of the fromWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">//get the token account of the toWallet Solana address, if it does not exist, create it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Minting 1 new token to the "fromTokenAccount" account we just returned/created</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintTo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1000000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// it's 1 token, but in lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Add token transfer instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">web3</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
splToken<span class="token punctuation">.</span>Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
splToken<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Sign transaction, broadcast, and confirm</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> web3<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Transaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> createTransferInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendSPLTokenToAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Token<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fromWallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class="token number">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Transfer <span class="token number">50</span> tokens
Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi
Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks
Signature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>$ spl-token transfer AQoKYV7tYpTrFZN6P5oUufbQKAUr9mNYGe1TTJC9wajM <span class="token number">50</span> vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Transfer <span class="token number">50</span> tokens
Sender: 7UX2i7SucgLMQcfZ75s3VXmZZY4YRUyJN9X1RgfMoDUi
Recipient: vines1vzrYbzLMRdu58ou5XTby4qAqVRLmqo36NKPTg
Recipient associated token account: F59618aQB8r6asXeMcB9jWuY6NEx1VduT9yFo1GTi1ks
Signature: 5a3qbvoJQnTAxGPHCugibZTbSu7xuTgkxvF4EJupRjRXGgZZrnWFmKzfEzcqKF2ogCaF4QKVbAtuFx7xGwrDUcGd
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-calcular-el-costo-de-una-transaccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-calcular-el-costo-de-una-transaccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo calcular el costo de una transacción</h2><p>El número de firmas que requiere una transacción se utiliza para calcular el costo de transacción. Mientras no estés creando una cuenta, este será el costo final de la transacción. Para obtener más información sobre los costos de creación una cuenta, consulta <a href="/es/references/accounts.html#calculating-rent-exemption" class="">cálculo de exención de alquiler</a></p><p>Los dos ejemplos a continuación muestran las dos formas actualmente disponibles para calcular el costo estimado de transacción.</p><p>El primer ejemplo usa <code>getEstimatedFee</code>, que es un nuevo método en la clase <code>Transaction</code>, mientras que el segundo ejemplo usa <code>getFeeForMessage</code> que reemplaza a <code>getFeeCalculatorForBlockhash</code> en la clase <code>Connection</code>.</p><h3 id="getestimatedfee" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#getestimatedfee" aria-hidden="true">#</a> getEstimatedFee</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payee <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getEstimatedFee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getEstimatedFee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="getfeeformessage" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#getfeeformessage" aria-hidden="true">#</a> getFeeForMessage</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Connect to cluster</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payee <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> type <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">SYSTEM_INSTRUCTION_LAYOUTS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>Transfer<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">alloc</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>layout<span class="token punctuation">.</span>span<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> layoutFields <span class="token operator">=</span> Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">assign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> instruction<span class="token operator">:</span> type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>index <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
type<span class="token punctuation">.</span>layout<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>layoutFields<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> messageParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
accountKeys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payee<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
header<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
numReadonlySignedAccounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
numReadonlyUnsignedAccounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
numRequiredSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
accounts<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programIdIndex<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> recentBlockhash<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getFeeForMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> message <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>messageParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fees <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getFeeForMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Estimated SOL transfer cost: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>fees<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> lamports</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Estimated SOL transfer cost: 5000 lamports</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-agregar-un-memo-en-una-transaccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-agregar-un-memo-en-una-transaccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo agregar un memo en una transacción</h2><p>Cualquier transacción puede agregar un mensaje haciendo uso del <a href="https://spl.solana.com/memo" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">programa de notas<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Actualmente se debe agregar el <code>programID</code> del <strong>Memo Program</strong> manualmente <code>MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Wallet-Adapter</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">CLI</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> fromKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"confirmed"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> lamportsToSend <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transferTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> lamportsToSend<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transferTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>fromKeypair<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> WalletNotConnectedError <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-base"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> useConnection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> useWallet <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/wallet-adapter-react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> React<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">FC</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> useCallback <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"react"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> SendTenLamportToRandomAddress<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token function-variable function">FC</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useConnection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useWallet</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> onClick <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">useCallback</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">WalletNotConnectedError</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> sendTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>button</span> <span class="token attr-name">onClick</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>onClick<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span> <span class="token attr-name">disabled</span><span class="token script language-javascript"><span class="token script-punctuation punctuation">=</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token operator">!</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token plain-text">
Send 1 lamport to a random address!
</span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>button</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Data to send in transaction"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"utf-8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MemoSq4gqABAXKb96qnH8TysNcWxMyWCqXgDLGmfcHr"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> --with-memo <span class="token operator"><</span>MEMO<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana transfer --from <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator"><</span>RECIPIENT_ACCOUNT_ADDRESS<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0.5</span> --allow-unfunded-recipient --url https://api.devnet.solana.com --fee-payer <span class="token operator"><</span>KEYPAIR<span class="token operator">></span> --with-memo <span class="token operator"><</span>MEMO<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-cambiar-el-presupuesto-de-computo-para-una-transaccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-cambiar-el-presupuesto-de-computo-para-una-transaccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo cambiar el presupuesto de cómputo para una transacción</h2><p>El presupuesto de cómputo para una sola transacción se puede cambiar agregando una instrucción que llame al Compute Budget Program. De forma predeterminada, el presupuesto de cómputo se establece como la multiplicación de 200k unidades de cómputo por el número de instrucciones, con un máximo de 1,4 millones de unidades de cómputo. Cuanto menos cómputo utilice, menores serán los costos de transacción.</p><p><strong>Nota</strong>: Para cambiar el presupuesto de cómputo de una transacción, debes incluir esa transacción cómo una de las primeras tres en la transacción.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">BN</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/anchor"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> toAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://127.0.0.1:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
units<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000000</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
microLamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Total fee will be 5,001 Lamports for 1M CU</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> result <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-tsx ext-tsx line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-tsx"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> modifyComputeUnits <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitLimit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
units<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1000000</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> addPriorityFee <span class="token operator">=</span> ComputeBudgetProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">setComputeUnitPrice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
microLamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>modifyComputeUnits<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>addPriorityFee<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> payer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> toAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10000000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief Example Budget Management</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">message<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">compute_budget<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits the program instruction as per the instruction definition</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Increase the Transaction Budget and call normal instruction(s)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Here we send redundant transactions to witness Compute Budget drawdown</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">send_instructions_demo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>
<span class="token comment">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1_000_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> txn<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Array of instructions: 0: Set Compute Unit Limt, 1: Set Prioritization Fee, </span>
<span class="token comment">// 2: Do something, 3: Do something else</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_limit</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1_000_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">set_compute_unit_price</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Program Logs Example:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Log Output</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-txt"><code>[ 1] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]
[ 2] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success
[ 3]
[ 4] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 invoke [1]
[ 5] Program ComputeBudget111111111111111111111111111111 success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#registro-de-nombres" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Registro de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Registro de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#resolviendo-dominios-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resolviendo dominios SOL"><!--[--><!--]--> Resolviendo dominios SOL <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#busqueda-inversa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Búsqueda inversa"><!--[--><!--]--> Búsqueda inversa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#busqueda-de-subdominios" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Búsqueda de subdominios"><!--[--><!--]--> Búsqueda de subdominios <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#encuentre-todos-los-nombres-de-dominio-que-pertenecen-a-una-clave-publica" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Encuentre todos los nombres de dominio que pertenecen a una clave pública"><!--[--><!--]--> Encuentre todos los nombres de dominio que pertenecen a una clave pública <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#resolver-un-identificador-de-twitter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resolver un identificador de Twitter"><!--[--><!--]--> Resolver un identificador de Twitter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/name-service.html#busqueda-inversa-de-un-identificador-de-twitter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Búsqueda inversa de un identificador de Twitter"><!--[--><!--]--> Búsqueda inversa de un identificador de Twitter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="servicio-de-nombres" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#servicio-de-nombres" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Servicio de nombres</h1><h2 id="registro-de-nombres" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#registro-de-nombres" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Registro de nombres</h2><p>El registro de nombres almacena información sobre el nombre de dominio. esta compuesto de dos cosas:</p><ul><li>La cabecera</li><li>Los datos</li></ul><p>Los datos para un nombre de dominio siempre tienen el prefijo del encabezado, a continuación se muestra la estructura del encabezado en JS:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Schema <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">NameRegistryState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> schema<span class="token operator">:</span> Schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parentName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"class"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>class <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>class<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">NameRegistryState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token constant">HEADER_LEN</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> schema<span class="token operator">:</span> Schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parentName"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"class"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
parentName<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
owner<span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parentName<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>class <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>obj<span class="token punctuation">.</span>class<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resolviendo-dominios-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resolviendo-dominios-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resolviendo dominios SOL</h2><p>Los dominios .SOL son nombres de dominio únicos y fáciles de usar que se convierten en claves públicas. Muchas billeteras las usan como otra opción para enviar tokens o SOL. Puedes convertir .SOL dominios a su clave pública con lo siguiente:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
getHashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getNameAccountKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"levi.sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>domain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// SOL TLD Authority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nameAccountKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span>registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> domain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"levi.sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>domain<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">replace</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">".sol"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nameAccountKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// SOL TLD Authority</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nameAccountKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span>registry<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// JUskoxS2PTiaBpxfGaAPgf3cUNhdeYFGMKdL6mZKKfR</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="busqueda-inversa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#busqueda-inversa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Búsqueda inversa</h2><p>Esto se puede usar para resolver el nombre de dominio a partir de una clave pública.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> performReverseLookup <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">performReverseLookup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> domainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// bonfida</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Public key of bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Crf8hzfthWGbGbLTVCiqRqV5MVnbpHB1L9KQMd6gsinb"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> domainName <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">performReverseLookup</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> domainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// bonfida</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="busqueda-de-subdominios" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#busqueda-de-subdominios" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Búsqueda de subdominios</h2><p>Para resolver un subdominio necesitas:</p><ol><li>Obtener la llave padre del dominio</li><li>Obtener la llave del subdominio</li><li>Obtener la información de la cuenta</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
getHashedName<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getNameAccountKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getDNSRecordAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"58PwtjSDuFHuUkYjH9BYnnQKHfwo9reZhC2zMJv9JPkx"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Resolution of demo.bonfida.sol</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"demo"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedParentDomain<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 2</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 3</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"demo"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> hashedParentDomain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHashedName</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> parentDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getNameAccountKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
hashedParentDomain<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">SOL_TLD_AUTHORITY</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 2</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> subDomainKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getDNSRecordAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>parentDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomain<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Step 3</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> NameRegistryState<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">retrieve</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> subDomainKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="encuentre-todos-los-nombres-de-dominio-que-pertenecen-a-una-clave-publica" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#encuentre-todos-los-nombres-de-dominio-que-pertenecen-a-una-clave-publica" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Encuentre todos los nombres de dominio que pertenecen a una clave pública</h2><p>Puede recuperar todos los nombres de dominio de una billetera haciendo una solicitud <code>getProgramAccounts</code> con un filtro <code>memcmp</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
userAccount<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> userAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">findOwnedNameAccountsForUser</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
userAccount<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> userAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">NAME_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> a<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="resolver-un-identificador-de-twitter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resolver-un-identificador-de-twitter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resolver un identificador de Twitter</h2><p>Los identificadores de Twitter se pueden <a href="https://naming.bonfida.org/#/twitter-registration" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">registrar en el servicio de nombres de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> y usarse como nombres de dominio .SOL</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getHandleAndRegistryKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>handle<span class="token punctuation">,</span> registryKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Pubkey of the wallet you want to retrieve the Twitter handle</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> pubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FidaeBkZkvDqi1GXNEwB8uWmj9Ngx2HXSS5nyGRuVFcZ"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>handle<span class="token punctuation">,</span> registryKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getHandleAndRegistryKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="busqueda-inversa-de-un-identificador-de-twitter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#busqueda-inversa-de-un-identificador-de-twitter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Búsqueda inversa de un identificador de Twitter</h2><p>Para encontrar la dirección SOL asociada a un identificador de Twitter, puede realizar una búsqueda inversa</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getTwitterRegistry <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@bonfida/spl-name-service"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"mainnet-beta"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handle<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> handle <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"bonfida"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> registry <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getTwitterRegistry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> handle<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="ไทย"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Français"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/references/offline-transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html#firmar-una-transaccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Firmar una transacción"><!--[--><!--]--> Firmar una transacción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html#firma-parcial-de-una-transaccion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Firma parcial de una transacción"><!--[--><!--]--> Firma parcial de una transacción <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html#nonce-de-larga-duracion-durable-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Nonce de larga duración (Durable Nonce)"><!--[--><!--]--> Nonce de larga duración (Durable Nonce) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html#crear-una-cuenta-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Crear una cuenta nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Crear una cuenta nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html#obtener-una-cuenta-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener una cuenta nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener una cuenta nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html#usar-una-cuenta-nonce" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Usar una cuenta nonce"><!--[--><!--]--> Usar una cuenta nonce <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transaccion-offline" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transaccion-offline" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transacción offline</h1><h2 id="firmar-una-transaccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#firmar-una-transaccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Firmar una transacción</h2><p>Para crear una transacción offline, debes firmar la transacción y luego cualquiera puede transmitirla en la red.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Message<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> nacl <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"tweetnacl"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// to complete a offline transaction, I will seperate them into four steps</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Create Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Recover Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send Transaction</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// create connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// create a example tx, alice transfer to bob and feePayer is `feePayer`</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice and feePayer are signer in this tx</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bob <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1. Create Transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> bob<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getRecentBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>blockhash<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> realDataNeedToSign <span class="token operator">=</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serializeMessage</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// the real data singer need to sign.</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Sign Transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// use any lib you like, the main idea is to use ed25519 to sign it.</span>
<span class="token comment">// the return signature should be 64 bytes.</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> feePayerSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> aliceSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">detached</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>secretKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Recover Tranasction</span>
<span class="token comment">// you can verify signatures before you recovering the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> verifyFeePayerSignatureResult <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token comment">// you should use the raw pubkey (32 bytes) to verify</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">verify feePayer signature: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>verifyFeePayerSignatureResult<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> verifyAliceSignatureResult <span class="token operator">=</span> nacl<span class="token punctuation">.</span>sign<span class="token punctuation">.</span>detached<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">verify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">verify alice signature: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>verifyAliceSignatureResult<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// if this process takes too long, your recent blockhash will expire (after 150 blocks).</span>
<span class="token comment">// you can use `durable nonce` to get rid of it.</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// there are two ways you can recover the tx</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.a Recover Tranasction (use populate then addSignauture)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3.b. Recover Tranasction (use populate with signature)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recoverTx <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">populate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Message<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>realDataNeedToSign<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>feePayerSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>aliceSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Send transaction</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>recoverTx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="firma-parcial-de-una-transaccion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#firma-parcial-de-una-transaccion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Firma parcial de una transacción</h2><p>Cuando una transacción requiere varias firmas, puede firmarla parcialmente. Los otros firmantes pueden firmarla y difundirlo en la red.</p><p>Algunos ejemplos de cuando esto es útil:</p><ul><li>Enviar un token SPL a cambio de un pago</li><li>Firmar una transacción para que luego puedas verificar su autenticidad</li><li>Llame a programas personalizados en una transacción que requieran tu firma</li></ul><p>En este ejemplo, Bob le envía a Alice un token SPL a cambio de su pago:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> base58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/* The transaction:
* - sends 0.01 SOL from Alice to Bob
* - sends 1 token from Bob to Alice
* - is partially signed by Bob, so Alice can approve + send it
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alicePublicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bobKeypair <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
base58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Gh9ZwEmdLJ8DscKNTkTqPbNwLNNBjuSzaG9Vp2KGtKJr"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> bobTokenAddress <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Alice may not have a token account, so Bob creates one if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> aliceTokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getOrCreateAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Bob pays the fee to create it</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// which token the account is for</span>
alicePublicKey <span class="token comment">// who the token account is for</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the details about the token mint</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenMint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get a recent blockhash to include in the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> blockhash <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getLatestBlockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"finalized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
recentBlockhash<span class="token operator">:</span> blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Alice pays the transaction fee</span>
feePayer<span class="token operator">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Transfer 0.01 SOL from Alice -> Bob</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alicePublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Transfer 1 token from Bob -> Alice</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bobTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// source</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
aliceTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of source account</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount to transfer</span>
tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token comment">// decimals of token</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Partial sign as Bob</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">partialSign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize the transaction and convert to base64 to return it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// We will need Alice to deserialize and sign the transaction</span>
requireAllSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transactionBase64 <span class="token operator">=</span> serializedTransaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// The caller of this can convert it back to a transaction object:</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. Add an instruction to send the token from Bob to Alice</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bobTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// source</span>
tokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
aliceTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>address<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of source account</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">**</span> tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount to transfer</span>
tokenMint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token comment">// decimals of token</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. Bob partially signs the transaction</span>
transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">partialSign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>bobKeypair<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 3. Serialize the transaction without requiring all signatures</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> serializedTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
requireAllSignatures<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 4. Alice can deserialize the transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> recoveredTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>transactionBase64<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"base64"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="nonce-de-larga-duracion-durable-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#nonce-de-larga-duracion-durable-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Nonce de larga duración (Durable Nonce)</h2><p><code>RecentBlockhash</code> es un valor importante para una transacción. Su transacción será rechazada si utiliza un blockhash reciente caducado (después de 150 bloques). Puede usar <code>durable nonce</code> para obtener un blockhash reciente que nunca haya caducado. Para activar este mecanismo, tu transacción debe:</p><ol><li>usar un <code>nonce</code> almacenado en una <code>nonce account</code> como un blockhash reciente</li><li>poner como primera instrucción <code>nonce advance</code></li></ol><h3 id="crear-una-cuenta-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#crear-una-cuenta-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Crear una cuenta nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">nonce account: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceInitialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account pubkey</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">NONCE_ACCOUNT_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init nonce account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceInitialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account pubkey</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// nonce account authority (for advance and close)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="obtener-una-cuenta-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtener-una-cuenta-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtener una cuenta nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">nonce: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">authority: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authorizedPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">fee calculator: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">JSON</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">stringify</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feeCalculator<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> accountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="usar-una-cuenta-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usar-una-cuenta-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Usar una cuenta nonce</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup our connection and wallet</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountAuth <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> nonceAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"7H18z3v3rZEoKiwY3kh8DLn9eFT6nFCQ2m4kiC7RZ3a4"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nonceAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> NonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nonceAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceAdvance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nonceAccountAuth
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// nonce advance must be the first instruction</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">nonceAdvance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noncePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authorizedPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// after that, you do what you really want to do, here we append a transfer instruction as an example.</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> nonceAccountAuth<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// assign `nonce` as recentBlockhash</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>recentBlockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> nonceAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>nonce<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
nonceAccountAuth
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + nonce account authority + ... */</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendRawTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿que-necesito-para-comenzar-a-trabajar-con-spl-tokens" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Qué necesito para comenzar a trabajar con SPL-Tokens?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Qué necesito para comenzar a trabajar con SPL-Tokens? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-crear-un-nuevo-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo crear un nuevo token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo crear un nuevo token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-obtener-un-token-mint" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo obtener un token "mint"?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo obtener un token "mint"? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-crear-una-cuenta-de-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo crear una cuenta de token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo crear una cuenta de token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-obtener-un-cuenta-de-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo obtener un cuenta de token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo obtener un cuenta de token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-obtener-el-saldo-de-una-cuenta-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo obtener el saldo de una cuenta token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo obtener el saldo de una cuenta token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-crear-mint-nuevos-tokens" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo crear (mint) nuevos tokens?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo crear (mint) nuevos tokens? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-transferir-tokens" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo transferir tokens?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo transferir tokens? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-quemar-tokens" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo quemar tokens?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo quemar tokens? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-cerrar-cuentas-de-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo cerrar cuentas de token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo cerrar cuentas de token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-establecer-la-autoridad-en-cuentas-de-tokens-o-mints" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo establecer la autoridad en cuentas de tokens o mints?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo establecer la autoridad en cuentas de tokens o mints? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-aprobar-una-delegacion-de-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo aprobar una delegación de token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo aprobar una delegación de token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-revocar-una-delegacion-de-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo revocar una delegación de token?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo revocar una delegación de token? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-manejar-wrapped-sol" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo manejar Wrapped SOL?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo manejar Wrapped SOL? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#crear-una-cuenta-de-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Crear una cuenta de token"><!--[--><!--]--> Crear una cuenta de token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#agregar-saldo" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Agregar saldo"><!--[--><!--]--> Agregar saldo <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/references/token.html#¿como-obtener-todas-las-cuentas-de-token-por-propietario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo obtener todas las cuentas de token por propietario?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo obtener todas las cuentas de token por propietario? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Token</h1><h2 id="¿que-necesito-para-comenzar-a-trabajar-con-spl-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿que-necesito-para-comenzar-a-trabajar-con-spl-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Qué necesito para comenzar a trabajar con SPL-Tokens?</h2><p>Cada vez que interactúas con tokens en Solana, en realidad estás interactuando con el token el programa (SPL) Token de Solana, o el estándar SPL-Token. El estándar SPL-Token requiere una librería específica para ser utilizado, la cual puedes encontrar a continuación en función de tu lenguaje.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>"@solana/spl-token": "^0.2.0"
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-crear-un-nuevo-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-crear-un-nuevo-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo crear un nuevo token?</h2><p>La creación de tokens se realiza creando lo que se llama una cuenta "mint". Esta cuenta "mint" se usa luego para acuñar (o crear y enviar) tokens a una cuenta de token y también para crear el suministro inicial.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createInitializeMintInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createMint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// conneciton</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create mint account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init mint account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint pubkey</span>
<span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// conneciton</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create mint account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MINT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init mint account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeMintInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint pubkey</span>
<span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// freeze authority (you can use `null` to disable it. when you disable it, you can't turn it on again)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-un-token-mint" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-un-token-mint" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener un token "mint"?</h2><p>El suministro actual, autoridad o decimales que tiene un token, los puedes obtener desde la información de cuenta del token "mint".</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getMint <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintAccountPublicKey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mintAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mintAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
address: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>
},
mintAuthority: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
},
supply: 0n,
decimals: 8,
isInitialized: true,
freezeAuthority: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
}
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> mintAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMint</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mintAccountPublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-crear-una-cuenta-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-crear-una-cuenta-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo crear una cuenta de token?</h2><p>Una cuenta de token es necesaria para almacenar los tokens (una cuenta por cada token). Cada cuenta de token "mint" tiene una cuenta de cuenta de token asociada a ella.</p><p>Las cuentas de token asociadas (ATA) se crean de forma determinista para cada par de llaves (keypair). Los ATA son el método recomendado de administrar cuentas token.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createAssociatedTokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2SKpuBU9ksneBZD4nqbZkw75NE11HsSHsGRtW2BZh5aQ"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">ATA: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) composed by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// calculate ATA</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">ATA: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// if your wallet is off-curve, you should use</span>
<span class="token comment">// let ata = await getAssociatedTokenAddress(</span>
<span class="token comment">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice.publicKey // owner</span>
<span class="token comment">// true, // allowOwnerOffCurve</span>
<span class="token comment">// );</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// ata</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
mintPubkey <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) composed by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createAssociatedTokenAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// ata</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
mintPubkey <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-un-cuenta-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-un-cuenta-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener un cuenta de token?</h2><p>Cada cuenta de token tiene información sobre el token, como el propietario, mint, cantidad (saldo) y decimales.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> getAccount <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
{
address: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 16aef79dfadb39ffedb3b6f77688b8c162b18bb9cba2ffefe152303629ae3030>
},
mint: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 7351e5e067cc7cfefef42e78915d3c513edbb8adeeab4d9092e814fe68c39fec>
},
owner: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: df30e6ca0981c1a677eed6f7cb46b2aa442ca9b7a10a10e494badea4b9b6944f>
},
amount: 0n,
delegate: null,
delegatedAmount: 0n,
isInitialized: true,
isFrozen: false,
isNative: false,
rentExemptReserve: null,
closeAuthority: null
}
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-el-saldo-de-una-cuenta-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-el-saldo-de-una-cuenta-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener el saldo de una cuenta token?</h2><p>La cuenta de token tiene el saldo del token, el cual se puede obtener con un sola llamada.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAmount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tokenAmount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>tokenAmount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tokenAmount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getTokenAccountBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tokenAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span>commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"https://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"FWZedVtyKQtP4CXhT7XDnLidRADrJknmZGA2qNjpTPg8"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_token_account_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>token_account<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"amount: {}, decimals: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> balance<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> balance <span class="token operator">=</span> connection
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_token_account_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>token_account<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">TIP</p><p>Una cuenta token solo puede tener un tipo de mint. Cuando especificas una cuenta de token, también especificas un mint.</p></div><h2 id="¿como-crear-mint-nuevos-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-crear-mint-nuevos-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo crear (mint) nuevos tokens?</h2><p>Cuando creas tokens, aumenta el suministro y los nuevos tokens se transfieren a una cuenta de token específica.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createMintToCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintToChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintToChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// if alice is a multisig account</span>
<span class="token comment">// let txhash = await mintToChecked(</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection, // connection</span>
<span class="token comment">// feePayer, // fee payer</span>
<span class="token comment">// mintPubkey, // mint</span>
<span class="token comment">// tokenAccountPubkey, // receiver (should be a token account)</span>
<span class="token comment">// alice.publicKey, // !! mint authority pubkey !!</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1e8, // amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token comment">// 8, // decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...],</span>
<span class="token comment">// );</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + mint authority */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">mintToChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createMintToCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// receiver (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint authority</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount. if your decimals is 8, you mint 10^8 for 1 token.</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token comment">// [signer1, signer2 ...], // only multisig account will use</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-transferir-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-transferir-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo transferir tokens?</h2><p>Puedes transferir tokens de una cuenta de token a otra cuenta de token.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
createTransferCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
transferChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountXPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountYPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">transferChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">transferChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountXPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from (should be a token account)</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountYPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// to (should be a token account)</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// from's owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, send 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-quemar-tokens" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-quemar-tokens" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo quemar tokens?</h2><p>Puedes quemar tokens de los tokens que tú seas el dueño.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
burnChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createBurnCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">burnChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + token authority */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">burnChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createBurnCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-cerrar-cuentas-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-cerrar-cuentas-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo cerrar cuentas de token?</h2><p>Puedes cerrar una cuenta de token si ya no desea usarla. Hay dos situaciones:</p><ol><li>Wrapped SOL - Cerrar la cuenta convierte Wrapped SOL to SOL</li><li>Other Tokens - La puedes cerrar solo si el saldo de la cuenta está en 0.</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> closeAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createCloseAccountInstruction <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"2XYiFjmU1pCXmC2QfEAghk6S7UADseupkNQdnRBXszD5"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">closeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">closeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account which you want to close</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// destination</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-establecer-la-autoridad-en-cuentas-de-tokens-o-mints" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-establecer-la-autoridad-en-cuentas-de-tokens-o-mints" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo establecer la autoridad en cuentas de tokens o mints?</h2><p>Puede configurar/actualizar la autoridad. Hay 4 tipos:</p><ol><li>MintTokens (mint account)</li><li>FreezeAccount (mint account)</li><li>AccountOwner (token account)</li><li>CloseAccount (token account)</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSetAuthorityInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
setAuthority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> randomGuy <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">random guy: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) for mint account</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.MintTokens</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.FreezeAccount</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) for token account</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.AccountOwner</span>
<span class="token comment">// AuthorityType.CloseAccount</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">setAuthority</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint account || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current authority</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint acocunt || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current auth</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">feePayer</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">setAuthority</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint account || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current authority</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new authority (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createSetAuthorityInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint acocunt || token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// current auth</span>
AuthorityType<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintTokens<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// authority type</span>
<span class="token class-name">randomGuy</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// new auth (you can pass `null` to close it)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-aprobar-una-delegacion-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-aprobar-una-delegacion-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo aprobar una delegación de token?</h2><p>Puedes establecer una delegación con una cantidad permitida. Después de su configuración, la delegación es como otro propietario de tu cuenta token. <code>Una cuenta token solo puede delegar en una cuenta al mismo tiempo</code></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
approveChecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createApproveCheckedInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> randomGuy <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"8mAKLjGGmjKTnmcXeyr3pr7iX13xXVjJJiL6RujDbSPV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"GMxZfDmpR1b3vdJYXHzdF5noVLQogZuUAsDHHQ3ytPfV"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">approveChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + owner */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">approveChecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// fee payer</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createApproveCheckedInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
mintPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
randomGuy<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// delegate</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// amount, if your deciamls is 8, 10^8 for 1 token</span>
<span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token comment">// decimals</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-revocar-una-delegacion-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-revocar-una-delegacion-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo revocar una delegación de token?</h2><p>Revocar establecerá el delegado a nulo y establecerá la cantidad delegada en 0.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> createRevokeInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> revoke <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tokenAccountPubkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"DRS5CSgPQp4uvPPcUA34tckfYFNUPNBJi77fVbnSfQHr"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">revoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>txhash<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice <span class="token comment">/* fee payer + origin auth */</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1) use build-in function</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txhash <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">revoke</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// connection</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// payer</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// or</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2) compose by yourself</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token function">createRevokeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
tokenAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// token account</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner of token account</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-manejar-wrapped-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-manejar-wrapped-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo manejar Wrapped SOL?</h2><p>Wrapped SOL es como cualquier otro token mint. La diferencia es usar <code>syncNative</code> y crear cuentas token específicamente en la dirección <code>NATIVE_MINT</code>.</p><h3 id="crear-una-cuenta-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#crear-una-cuenta-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Crear una cuenta de token</h3><p>Como <a href="#create-token-account">Crear una cuenta de token</a> pero reemplazar mint con <code>NATIVE_MINT</code></p><div class="language-javascript ext-js line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-javascript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="agregar-saldo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#agregar-saldo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Agregar saldo</h3><p>Hay dos formas de agregar saldo para Wrapped SOL</p><h4 id="_1-por-transferencia-de-sol" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-por-transferencia-de-sol" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1. Por transferencia de SOL</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createSyncNativeInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to create ATA first</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// trasnfer SOL</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>
<span class="token function">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// trasnfer SOL</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// sync wrapped SOL balance</span>
<span class="token function">createSyncNativeInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ata<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h4 id="_2-por-transferencia-de-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_2-por-transferencia-de-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 2. Por transferencia de token</h4><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
getAssociatedTokenAddress<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createInitializeAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createTransferInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
closeAccountInstructionData<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
createCloseAccountInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 5YNmS1R9nNSCDzb5a7mMJ1dwK9uHeAAF4CmPEwKgVWr8</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> feePayer <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"588FU4PktJWfGfxtzpAAXywSNt74AvtroVzGfKkVN1LwRuvHwKGr851uH8czM5qm4iqLbs1kKoMKtMJG4ATR7Ld2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> alice <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromSecretKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
bs58<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"4NMwxzmYj2uvHuq8xoqhY8RXg63KSVJM1DXkpbmkUY7YQWuoyQgFnnzn6yo3CMnqZasnNPNuAT2TLwQsCaKkUddp"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// remember to create ATA first</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ata <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getAssociatedTokenAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// mint</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey <span class="token comment">// owner</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> auxAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> amount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">1e9</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">/* Wrapped SOL's decimals is 9 */</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create token account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// rent + amount</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init token account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// transfer WSOL</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
amount
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// close aux account</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token comment">// create token account</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemptAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// rent + amount</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// init token account</span>
<span class="token function">createInitializeAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">NATIVE_MINT</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// transfer WSOL</span>
<span class="token function">createTransferInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ata<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> amount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// close aux account</span>
<span class="token function">createCloseAccountInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
auxAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
alice<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="¿como-obtener-todas-las-cuentas-de-token-por-propietario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-obtener-todas-las-cuentas-de-token-por-propietario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo obtener todas las cuentas de token por propietario?</h2><p>Puedes obtener las cuentas de token por propietario. Hay dos maneras de hacerlo.</p><ol><li>Obtener todas las cuenta de token</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
response<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">owner: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"decimals"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"amount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"===================="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><ol start="2"><li>Filtrar por mint</li></ol><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> bs58 <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"bs58"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// connection</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> owner <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"G2FAbFQPFa5qKXCetoFZQEvF9BVvCKbvUZvodpVidnoY"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"54dQ8cfHsW1YfKYpmdVZhWpb9iSi6Pac82Nf7sg3bVb"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
response<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">owner: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"owner"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">decimals: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"decimals"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"amount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"===================="</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> response <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedTokenAccountsByOwner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
mint<span class="token operator">:</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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aria-label="ไทย"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fr/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="Français"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/getting-started/installation.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#instalacion-de-web3-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación de Web3.js"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación de Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#web3-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Web3.js"><!--[--><!--]--> Web3.js <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#spl-token" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="SPL-Token"><!--[--><!--]--> SPL-Token <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#wallet-adapter" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Wallet-Adapter"><!--[--><!--]--> Wallet-Adapter <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#instalacion-de-rust" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación de Rust"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación de Rust <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#instalacion-de-cli" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación de CLI"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación de CLI <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#macos-linux" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="macOS & Linux"><!--[--><!--]--> macOS & Linux <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#windows" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Windows"><!--[--><!--]--> Windows <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/getting-started/installation.html#compilacion-desde-el-codigo-fuente" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Compilación desde el Código Fuente"><!--[--><!--]--> Compilación desde el Código Fuente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h2 id="instalacion-de-web3-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instalacion-de-web3-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instalación de Web3.js</h2><p>Hay pocas librerías que necesitas para empezar con JavaScript o TypeScript en Solana.<br></p><h3 id="web3-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#web3-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Web3.js</h3><p><a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-web3.js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">@solana/web3.js<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> es una librería que tiene todas las herramientas básicas para interactuar con Solana, enviar transacciones, y leer desde la blockchain.</p><p>Lo puedes instalar con algunos de los siguientes comandos:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/web3.js
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token comment"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/web3.js@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id="spl-token" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#spl-token" aria-hidden="true">#</a> SPL-Token</h3><p><a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">@solana/spl-token<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> es una librería que contiene muchos de los bindings de JavaScript/TypeScript necesarios para interactuar con los tokens SPL. Puedes usar esta librería para mintear nuevos tokens SPL, transferir tokens, y más.</p><p>You can install this library with the following:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">BROWSER</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/spl-token
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/spl-token
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-html ext-html line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-html"><code><span class="token comment"><!-- Development (un-minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
<span class="token comment"><!-- Production (minified) --></span>
<span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"><</span>script</span> <span class="token attr-name">src</span><span class="token attr-value"><span class="token punctuation attr-equals">=</span><span class="token punctuation">"</span>https://unpkg.com/@solana/spl-token@latest/lib/index.iife.min.js<span class="token punctuation">"</span></span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span><span class="token script"></span><span class="token tag"><span class="token tag"><span class="token punctuation"></</span>script</span><span class="token punctuation">></span></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><hr><h3 id="wallet-adapter" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#wallet-adapter" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Wallet-Adapter</h3><p>Es una colección de librerías llamada wallet-adapter que te ayudan a conectarte a cualquier wallet dentro de Solana. Actualmente este paquete soporta usos con Svelte, Angular, Vue.js, y React. Wallet-adapter puede empezar rápidamente a integrar tu dAppp con wallets como <a href="https://phantom.app" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Phantom<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, <a href="https://solflare.com" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solflare<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, y más.</p><p>Lo puedes instalar con algunos de los siguientes comandos:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">YARN</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">NPM</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">yarn</span> <span class="token function">add</span> @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
@solana/wallet-adapter-base
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">npm</span> <span class="token function">install</span> --save @solana/wallet-adapter-wallets <span class="token punctuation">\</span>
@solana/wallet-adapter-base
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="instalacion-de-rust" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instalacion-de-rust" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instalación de Rust</h2><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">MACOS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">LINUX</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> --proto <span class="token string">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> --proto <span class="token string">'=https'</span> --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs <span class="token operator">|</span> <span class="token function">sh</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Para Windows por favor visita el <a href="https://www.rust-lang.org/tools/install" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">sitio de instalación de Rust<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><h2 id="instalacion-de-cli" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#instalacion-de-cli" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Instalación de CLI</h2><h3 id="macos-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#macos-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> macOS & Linux</h3><p>Abre tu app terminal favorita.</p><p>Reemplaza <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> con la versión deseada e instala la <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">última release de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> en tu máquina corriendo:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">sh</span> -c <span class="token string">"<span class="token variable"><span class="token variable">$(</span><span class="token function">curl</span> -sSfL https://release.solana.com/LATEST_RELEASE/install<span class="token variable">)</span></span>"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Puedes reemplazar <code>LATEST_RELEASE</code> con algún tag de release que se identifique con la versión de release que desees, o uses uno de los 3 canales simbólicos: <code>stable</code>, <code>beta</code>, o <code>edge</code>. Para encontrar la última release, revisa las versiones disponibles <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">aquí<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>La siguiente salida indica una actualización exitosa:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>downloading LATEST_RELEASE installer
Configuration: /home/solana/.config/solana/install/config.yml
Active release directory: /home/solana/.local/share/solana/install/active_release
* Release version: LATEST_RELEASE
* Release URL: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/download/LATEST_RELEASE/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
Update successful
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>Dependiendo de tu sistema, al final de la instalación este mensaje puede aparecer:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>Please update your <span class="token environment constant">PATH</span> environment variable to include the solana programs:
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Si ves el mensaje de arriba, copia y el pega el comando para actualizar <code>PATH</code>.</p><p>Confirma que tenes la versión de Solana deseada corriendo:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Después de una instalación exitosa, <code>solana-install update</code> puede ser usado para actualizar fácilmente el software de Solana a una nueva versión en cualiquier momento.</p><h4 id="downloading-binaries-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#downloading-binaries-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Downloading Binaries (Linux)</h4><p>Alternativamente puedes instalar los binarios en vez de utilizar solana-install.</p><p>Descarga los binarios navegando hacia <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, descargando <strong>solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>, después extrae el archivo:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h4 id="downloading-binaries-macos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#downloading-binaries-macos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Downloading Binaries (macOS)</h4><p>Alternativamente puedes instalar los binarios en vez de utilizar solana-install.</p><p>Descarga los binarios navegando hacia <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, descargando <strong>solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2</strong>, después extrae el archivo:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><hr><h3 id="windows" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#windows" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Windows</h3><p>Abre el Símbolo del sistema o Command Prompt (<code>cmd.exe</code>) como un Administrador.</p><p>Busca el Símbolo del Sistema o Command prompt en la barra de búsqueda de Windows. Cuando el Símbolo del Sistema aparezca, hacer click derecho y seleccionar "Abrir como administrador". Si te aparece una ventana preguntandote "Queres permitir a esta app que realice cambios en tu dispositivo?", clickea en "Si".</p><p>Copiar y pegar el siguiente comando, después apretar Entre para descargar el instalador de solana en una carpeta temporal.</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> https://release.solana.com/v1.9.16/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe --output C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-init.exe --create-dirs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Si <code>v1.9.16</code> no es tu versión deseada, encuentra la última release <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">acá<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Copiar y pegar el siguiente comando, después presionar Enter para instalar la última versión de Solana. Si ves un pop-up de seguridad de tu sistema, por favor selecciona permitir que el programa pueda correr.</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>C:<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\</span>solana-install-init.exe v1.9.16
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Para encontrar la última release, revisa las versiones disponibles <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">acá<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Cuando el instalador esta terminado, presiona Enter.</p><p>Cerra el Símbolo del Sistema o Command Prompt y re-abre un nuevo Símbolo del Sistema como un usuario normal.</p><p>Busca "Símbolo del Sistema" o "Command Prompt" en la barra de búsqueda, y hace click izquierdo en el mismo (no es necesario correrlo como Administrador).</p><p>Confirma que tenes tu versión deseada de <code>Solana</code> instalada corriendo el siguiente comando:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Después de una instalación exitosa, <code>solana-install update</code> puede ser usado para actualizar fácilmente el software de Solana a una nueva versión en cualiquier momento.</p><h4 id="downloading-binaries" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#downloading-binaries" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Downloading Binaries</h4><p>Alternativamente puedes instalar los binarios en vez de utilizar solana-install.</p><p>Descarga los binarios navegando hacia <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, descargando <strong>solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2</strong>, después extrae el archivo usando WinZip o alguna herramienta similar.</p><p>Abre un Símbolo del Sistema y navega a la carpeta donde extrajiste los binarios y ejecuta los siguientes comandos:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span>%cd%/bin<span class="token punctuation">;</span>%<span class="token environment constant">PATH</span>%
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="compilacion-desde-el-codigo-fuente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#compilacion-desde-el-codigo-fuente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Compilación desde el Código Fuente</h3><p>Sino pudiste usar los binarios pre-armados o prefieres compilarlos desde el código fuente navega a <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> y descarga el archivo de código fuente. Extrae el código y compila los binarios con:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>./scripts/cargo-install-all.sh <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>Puedes ejecutar el siguiente comando para obtener el mismo resultado que con los binarios pre-armados.</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-install init
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!--[-->, <!--]--><!--]--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Leonardo Galante</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/" class="" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#configuracion-para-la-serializacion-con-borsh" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Configuración para la serialización con Borsh"><!--[--><!--]--> Configuración para la serialización con Borsh <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#como-serializar-datos-de-instrucciones-en-el-cliente" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo serializar datos de instrucciones en el cliente"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo serializar datos de instrucciones en el cliente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#how-to-deserialize-instruction-data-on-the-program" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="How to deserialize instruction data on the program"><!--[--><!--]--> How to deserialize instruction data on the program <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#como-serializar-los-datos-de-la-cuenta-en-el-programa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo serializar los datos de la cuenta en el programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo serializar los datos de la cuenta en el programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#pack" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pack"><!--[--><!--]--> Pack <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#serializacion-deserealizacion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Serialización/Deserealización"><!--[--><!--]--> Serialización/Deserealización <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#usage" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Usage"><!--[--><!--]--> Usage <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#como-deserializar-los-datos-de-la-cuenta-en-el-cliente" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo deserializar los datos de la cuenta en el cliente"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo deserializar los datos de la cuenta en el cliente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#mappins-comunes-de-solana-ts-js" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Mappins comunes de Solana TS/JS"><!--[--><!--]--> Mappins comunes de Solana TS/JS <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#construcciones-avanzadas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Construcciones avanzadas"><!--[--><!--]--> Construcciones avanzadas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#coption" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="COption"><!--[--><!--]--> COption <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/serialization.html#recursos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Recursos"><!--[--><!--]--> Recursos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="serializando-datos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#serializando-datos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Serializando datos</h1><p>Cuando hablamos de serialización, nos referimos tanto a la serialización de datos como a la deserialización de datos.</p><p>La serialización entra en juego en algunos puntos a lo largo del ciclo de vida de las cuentas del programa y los programa en Solana:</p><ol><li>Serialización de datos de instrucciones en el cliente</li><li>Deserializar datos de instrucción en el programa</li><li>Serialización de datos de la cuenta en el programa</li><li>Deserialización de datos de cuenta en el cliente</li></ol><p>Es importante que todas las acciones anteriores estén respaldadas por el mismo enfoque de serialización. Los fragmentos (snippets) incluidos demuestran la serialización mediante <a href="#resources">Borsh</a>.</p><p>Los ejemplos en el resto de este documento son extractos tomados de la <a href="#resources">Plantilla del programa CLI de Solana</a></p><h2 id="configuracion-para-la-serializacion-con-borsh" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#configuracion-para-la-serializacion-con-borsh" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Configuración para la serialización con Borsh</h2><p>Las bibliotecas para Borsh deben configurarse para el programa Rust, el cliente Rust, el cliente Node y/o Python.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Program</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Node Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-toml"><code><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"solana-cli-template-program-bpf"</span>
<span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
<span class="token key property">license</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"WTFPL"</span>
<span class="token comment"># See more keys and their definitions at https://doc.rust-lang.org/cargo/reference/manifest.html</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">features</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">no-entrypoint</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">borsh</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.9.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-derive</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.3"</span>
<span class="token key property">num_enum</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.5.1"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-integer</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.44"</span>
<span class="token key property">num-traits</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">sol-template-shared</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"../shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-program</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">thiserror</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.0"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dev-dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-program-test</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-sdk</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">lib</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">crate-type</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"cdylib"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"lib"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-toml ext-toml line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-toml"><code><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">package</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">name</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"cli-program-template"</span>
<span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.5"</span>
<span class="token key property">edition</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2018"</span>
<span class="token key property">license</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"WTFPL"</span>
<span class="token key property">publish</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">borsh</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.9.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">clap</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"2.33.3"</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">serde</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.0.125"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key property">features</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"derive"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">serde_yaml</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"0.8.17"</span>
<span class="token key property">sol-template-shared</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token key property">path</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-clap-utils</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-cli-config</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-client</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-logger</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-remote-wallet</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-sdk</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">tokio</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token key property">version</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token key property">features</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"full"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">workspace</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">members</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"program"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"shared"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token table class-name">dev-dependencies</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token key property">lazy_static</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.4.0"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-validator</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
<span class="token key property">solana-streamer</span> <span class="token punctuation">=</span> <span class="token string">"1.8.2"</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-json ext-json line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-json"><code><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"name"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"ts-program-template"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"version"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"0.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"description"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"Sample TS App"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"main"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"client/nmain.ts"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"author"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"keywords"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"workspace"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"client/"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"repository"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"type"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"git"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"url"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"homepage"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"https: //github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"scripts"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"test:all"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"npm run build:client && npm run test:client"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"build:client"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"rm -rf ./.dist/client && tsc "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"start"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"node ./node_modules/.bin/mocha .dist/client/main.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"test:client"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"npm run start"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"lint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"eslint --ext .ts client/* && prettier --check \"client/**/*.ts\""</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"lint:fix"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"eslint --ext .ts client/* --fix"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"pretty"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"prettier --write '{,client/**/}*.ts'"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"devDependencies"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"@tsconfig/recommended"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/chai"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.3.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/eslint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^7.28.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^3.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/mkdirp"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/mocha"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^9.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@types/prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^2.4.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@typescript-eslint/eslint-plugin"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.6.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"@typescript-eslint/parser"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.6.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"chai"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.3.4"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^8.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-config-google"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.14.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-config-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^8.3.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"eslint-plugin-prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.0.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"html-webpack-plugin"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^5.5.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"mocha"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^9.1.3"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"prettier"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^2.4.1"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"start-server-and-test"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.14.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"ts-node"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^10.4.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"typescript"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^4.5.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"dependencies"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token property">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.31.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"borsh"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.7.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"env"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.0.2"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"fs"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.0.1-security"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"mkdirp"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^1.0.4"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"npm-check-updates"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^12.0.3"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"sync-request"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^6.1.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token property">"update"</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"^0.4.2"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-txt ext-txt line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-txt"><code>borsh-construct==0.1.0
solana==0.20.0
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-serializar-datos-de-instrucciones-en-el-cliente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-serializar-datos-de-instrucciones-en-el-cliente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo serializar datos de instrucciones en el cliente</h2><img src="/assets/ser1.ceec0bad.png" alt="Serialize Instruction Data"><p>Si está serializando datos de instrucciones de salida para enviar a un programa, debe reflejar cómo el programa deserializa el datos de instrucciones entrantes.</p><p>En esta plantilla, un bloque de datos de instrucción es una matriz serializada que contiene, con ejemplos:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instrucción (Índice variable)</th><th>Llave serializada</th><th>Valor serializado</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Initialize (0)</td><td>no aplica para la instrucción</td><td>no aplica para la instrucción</td></tr><tr><td>Mint (1)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>"bar"</td></tr><tr><td>Transfer (2)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>no aplica para la instrucción</td></tr><tr><td>Burn (2)</td><td>"foo"</td><td>no aplica para la instrucción</td></tr></tbody></table><p>En el siguiente ejemplo, asumimos que la cuenta propiedad del programa se ha inicializado</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// Include borsh functionality</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get Solana</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>
<span class="token comment">// to the object instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> properties<span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Our instruction payload vocabulary</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Borsh needs a schema describing the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> payloadSchema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
Payload<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"key"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instruction variant indexes</span>
<span class="token keyword">enum</span> InstructionVariant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
InitializeAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
MintKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransferKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
BurnKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Mint a key value pair to account
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Connection<span class="token punctuation">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> progId - Sample Program public key
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> account - Target program owned account for Mint
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Keypair<span class="token punctuation">}</span> wallet - Wallet for signing and payment
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>string<span class="token punctuation">}</span> mintKey - The key being minted key
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>string<span class="token punctuation">}</span> mintValue - The value being minted
* <span class="token keyword">@return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Promise<Keypair><span class="token punctuation">}</span> - Keypair
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">mintKV</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
progId<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintKey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mintValue<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token builtin">string</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
id<span class="token operator">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MintKeypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token operator">:</span> mintKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 'ts key'</span>
value<span class="token operator">:</span> mintValue<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 'ts first value'</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize the payload</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mintSerBuf <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payloadSchema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// console.log(mintSerBuf)</span>
<span class="token comment">// => <Buffer 01 06 00 00 00 74 73 20 6b 65 79 0e 00 00 00 74 73 20 66 69 72 73 74 20 76 61 6c 75 65></span>
<span class="token comment">// let mintPayloadCopy = deserialize(schema, Payload, mintSerBuf)</span>
<span class="token comment">// console.log(mintPayloadCopy)</span>
<span class="token comment">// => Payload { id: 1, key: 'ts key', value: 'ts first value' }</span>
<span class="token comment">// Create Solana Instruction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> mintSerBuf<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> wallet<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> progId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Send Solana Transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> transactionSignature <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
commitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"singleGossip"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
preflightCommitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"singleGossip"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Signature = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> transactionSignature<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> transactionSignature<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U8
<span class="token keyword">from</span> enum <span class="token keyword">import</span> IntEnum
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>transaction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Transaction
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>keypair <span class="token keyword">import</span> Keypair
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>instruction <span class="token keyword">import</span> Instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AccountMeta
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>responses <span class="token keyword">import</span> SendTransactionResp
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token comment"># Instruction variants for target program</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">InstructionVariant</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>IntEnum<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
INITIALIZE <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span>
MINT <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span>
TRANSFER <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">2</span>
BURN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">3</span>
<span class="token comment"># Schema for sending instructionVariants to on-chain sample program</span>
payload_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"id"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"key"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"value"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">construct_payload</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Generate a serialized instructionVariant"""</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> payload_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>build<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"id"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> instruction_variant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"key"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"value"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> value<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">mint_kv</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_kp<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token builtin">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span><span class="token operator">></span> SendTransactionResp<span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Mint with a key/value pair to an account"""</span>
<span class="token comment"># Construct the program payload for Mint invariant</span>
payload_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> construct_payload<span class="token punctuation">(</span>InstructionVariant<span class="token punctuation">.</span>MINT<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># print(payload_ser)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => b'\x01\n\x00\x00\x00python key\x0c\x00\x00\x00python value'</span>
<span class="token comment"># mint_payload_copy = payload_schema.parse(payload_ser)</span>
<span class="token comment"># print(mint_payload_copy)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => initialized = 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => key = u'python key' (total 10)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => value = u'python value' (total 12)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Construct the transaction with instructionVariant</span>
txn <span class="token operator">=</span> Transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>add<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
Instruction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>AccountMeta<span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">False</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token boolean">True</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token operator">=</span>program_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token operator">=</span>payload_ser
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>send_transaction<span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet_kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => {'jsonrpc': '2.0', 'result': '4ZdpWNdovdVaLextWSiqEBWp67k9rNTTUaX3qviHDXWY9c98bVtaRt5sasPhYzMVXHqhex78gzNKytcBnVH5CSTZ', 'id': 2}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code>
<span class="token comment">/// Instruction payload gets serialized</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Payload</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'a</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Perform a mint transaction consisting of a key/value pair</span>
<span class="token comment">/// See submit_transaction below</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">mint_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountMeta</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
mint_instruction_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup the payload. `mint_instruction_id` is instruction variant index = 1</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token operator"><</span>`_<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_instruction_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> mint_value<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits the program instruction as per the</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction definition</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>instruction<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _fee_calculator<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_recent_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction_with_spinner_and_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="how-to-deserialize-instruction-data-on-the-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-deserialize-instruction-data-on-the-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to deserialize instruction data on the program</h2><img src="/assets/ser2.38d4ca5b.png" alt="Deserialize Instruction Data"><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintToAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Generic Payload Deserialization</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Payload</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
variant<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
arg1<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
arg2<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Payload</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>variant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MintToAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">2</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccounts</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">3</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MintToAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg2<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">TransferBetweenAccountsWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">6</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">BurnFromAccountWithFee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>arg1 <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DeserializationFailure</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-serializar-los-datos-de-la-cuenta-en-el-programa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-serializar-los-datos-de-la-cuenta-en-el-programa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo serializar los datos de la cuenta en el programa</h2><img src="/assets/ser3.7cdd43c8.png" alt="Account Data Serialization"><p>El bloque de datos de la cuenta del programa (como se ve en el repositorio) está estructurado de la siguiente manera:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Byte 0</th><th>Bytes 1-4</th><th>Bytes hasta 1019</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>bandera de inicializado</td><td>longitud del BTreeMap serializado</td><td>BTreeMap (donde los pares clave/valor son almacenados)</td></tr></tbody></table><h3 id="pack" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pack" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pack</h3><p>Unas palabras sobre el trait <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/22a18a68e3ee68ae013d647e62e12128433d7230/sdk/program/src/program_pack.rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pack<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p>El trait Pack hace que sea más fácil ocultar los detalles de la serialización/deserialización de los datos de la cuenta en el procesamiento de instrucciones de su programa principal. En lugar de poner la serialización/deserialización en el código del programa, encapsula los detalles por detrás de (3) funciones:</p><ol><li><code>unpack_unchecked</code> - Le permite deserializar una cuenta sin validar si se ha inicializado. Es útil cuando realmente está procesando la función de inicialización (índice 0)</li><li><code>unpack</code> - LLama a tu implementación de <code>unpack_from_slice</code> y valida si la cuenta se ha inicializado.</li><li><code>pack</code> - LLama a tu implementación de <code>pack_into_slice</code></li></ol><p>Here is the implementation of the Pack trait for our sample program. This is followed with the actual processing of the account data using borsh.</p><p>Aquí está la implementación del trait Pack para nuestro programa de ejemplo. Seguido del procesamiento actual de la cuenta usando borsh.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains global accumulator</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Returns indicator if this account has been initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Adds a new key/value pair to the account</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">KeyAlreadyExists</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Removes a key from account and returns the keys value</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token boolean">true</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token boolean">false</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">KeyNotFoundInAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Pack expects the implementation to satisfy whether the</span>
<span class="token comment">// account is initialzed.</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> <span class="token namespace">sol_template_shared<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> btree_map<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> btree_map<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="serializacion-deserealizacion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#serializacion-deserealizacion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Serialización/Deserealización</h3><p>Para completar la serialización y deserialización internamente:</p><ol><li><code>sol_template_shared::pack_into_slice</code> - Donde la serialización ocurre realmente</li><li><code>sol_template_shared::unpack_from_slice</code> - Donde la deserialización ocurre realmente</li></ol><p><strong>Ten en cuenta</strong> que tenemos una partición <code>u32</code> (4 bytes) en el diseño de datos para <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> que precede a <code>BTREE_STORAGE</code>. Esto se debe a que borsh, durante la deserialización, comprueba que la longitud del segmento que está deserializando coincide con la cantidad de datos que lee antes de la recombinación real del objeto receptor. El enfoque que se muestra a continuación primero lee <code>BTREE_LENGTH</code> para obtener el tamaño para hacer <code>slice</code> del puntero <code>BTREE_STROAGE</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust Program</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_memory<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>sol_memcpy<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialization flag size for account state</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Storage for the serialized size of the BTreeMap control</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Storage for the serialized BTreeMap container</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1019</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sum of all account state lengths</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Packs the initialized flag and data content into destination slice</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> dst <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_mut_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">mut_array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Set the initialized flag</span>
is_initialized_dst<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> is_initialized <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Store the core data length and serialized content</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> keyval_store_data <span class="token operator">=</span> btree_storage<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> keyval_store_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator"><</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data_len_dst<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">copy_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_len <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">sol_memcpy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data_dst<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>keyval_store_data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">panic!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpacks the data from slice and return the initialized flag and data content</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> src <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"unrecognized initialization flag \"{:?}\". in account"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_initialized_src
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get current size of content in data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// If emptry, create a default</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_dser <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>data_src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>data_len<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="usage" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#usage" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Usage</h3><p>Lo siguiente es el consolidado y demuestra cómo el programa interactúa con <code>ProgramAccountState</code> que encapsula el indicador de inicialización, así como el <code>BTreeMap</code> interno para nuestros pares clave/valor.</p><p>Primero cuando queremos inicializar una cuenta nueva:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Initialize a new program account, which is the first in AccountInfo array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Here we use unpack_unchecked as we have yet to initialize</span>
<span class="token comment">// Had we tried to use unpack it would fail because, well, chicken and egg</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// We double check that we haven't already initialized this accounts data</span>
<span class="token comment">// more than once. If we are good, we set the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">SampleError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Finally, we store back to the accounts space</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Ahora podemos operar en nuestras otras instrucciones como se puede apreciar al hacer mint de un nuevo par clave/valor que anteriormente demostramos cuando enviamos instrucciones desde un cliente:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Mint a key/pair to the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">mint_keypair_to_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint to account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpacking an uninitialized account state will fail</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add the key value pair to the underlying BTreeMap</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Finally, serialize back to the accounts data</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="como-deserializar-los-datos-de-la-cuenta-en-el-cliente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-deserializar-los-datos-de-la-cuenta-en-el-cliente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo deserializar los datos de la cuenta en el cliente</h2><p>Los clientes pueden llamar a Solana para obtener la cuenta propiedad del programa, en la que la respuesta es un bloque de datos serializado. La deserialización requiere conocer la estructura del bloque de datos.</p><p>La estructura del bloque de datos se muestra <a href="#account-data-serialization">aquí</a></p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
AccountMeta<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
sendAndConfirmTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Flexible class that takes properties and imbues them</span>
<span class="token comment">// to the object instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Object<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">keys</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> properties<span class="token punctuation">[</span>key<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">AccoundData</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Assignable</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dataSchema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
AccoundData<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tree_length"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Fetch program account data
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Connection<span class="token punctuation">}</span> connection - Solana RPC connection
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">}</span> account - Public key for account whose data we want
* <span class="token keyword">@return</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Promise<AccoundData><span class="token punctuation">}</span> - Keypair
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">getAccountData</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
connection<span class="token operator">:</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token operator"><</span>AccoundData<span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nameAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"processed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dataSchema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> AccoundData<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nameAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>commitment <span class="token keyword">import</span> Confirmed
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solders<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey <span class="token keyword">import</span> Pubkey
<span class="token keyword">from</span> solana<span class="token punctuation">.</span>rpc<span class="token punctuation">.</span>api <span class="token keyword">import</span> Client
<span class="token comment"># Schema to deserialize program's account data</span>
account_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"initialized"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"map_length"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"map"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">get_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Client<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_pk<span class="token punctuation">:</span> Pubkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
<span class="token triple-quoted-string string">"""Fetch account information from RPC, parse out the data and deserialize"""</span>
res <span class="token operator">=</span> client<span class="token punctuation">.</span>get_account_info<span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_pk<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Confirmed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> encoding<span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token string">'base64'</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> account_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>res<span class="token punctuation">.</span>value<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Results in or similar</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => initialized = 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => map_length = 109</span>
<span class="token comment"># => map = {'Happy': 'New Year!', 'newKey': 'A new value',</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 'python key': 'python value', 'ts key': 'ts first value'}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[allow(clippy::ptr_offset_with_cast)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> src <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup pointers to key areas of account state data</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">INITIALIZED_BYTES</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_LENGTH</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">BTREE_STORAGE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">match</span> is_initialized_src <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"unrecognized initialization flag \"{:?}\". in account"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
is_initialized_src
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get current size of content in data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_len <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>data_len_src<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// If emptry, create a default</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> data_len <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> data_dser <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>data_src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>data_len<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> data_dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="mappins-comunes-de-solana-ts-js" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mappins-comunes-de-solana-ts-js" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mappins comunes de Solana TS/JS</h2><p>La <a href="#resources">especificación de Borsh</a> contiene la mayoría de los mapeos para primitivos y tipos de datos compuestos.</p><p>La clave para TS/JS y Python es crear un esquema de Borsh con una definición adecuada para que la serialización y deserialización puede generar o recorrer las respectivas entradas.</p><p>Aquí demostramos la serialización de primitivos (números, cadenas) y tipos compuestos (matriz de tamaño fijo, Map) primero en Typescript, luego en Python y luego la deserialización equivalente en el lado de Rust:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Python</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token hashbang comment">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> expect <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"chai"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Struct <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Primitive extends the Struct type from Solana Library
* for convenience of dynamic property setting
* <span class="token keyword">@extends</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Struct<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Solana JS Struct class
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Entry point for script *
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Emulate BTreeMap</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"cookbook"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"ingredient"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup a Primitive for all basic and a few</span>
<span class="token comment">// compound types</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> value <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token constant">U8</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">U16</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">65535</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">U32</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">4294967295</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">FIXED_STRING_ARRAY</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"hello"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"world"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">FIXED_U8_ARRAY</span><span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MAP_STRING_STRING</span><span class="token operator">:</span> map<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Define our schema</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> schema <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
Primitive<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U8"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U16"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u16"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"U32"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"u8"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span> kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"string"</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Value = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize then deserialize</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dser <span class="token operator">=</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>schema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> newValue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>schema<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Primitive<span class="token punctuation">,</span> dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Viola!</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"New value = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Fixed string array = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Fixed u8 array = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Map = "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> newValue<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-python ext-py line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-python"><code><span class="token keyword">from</span> borsh_construct <span class="token keyword">import</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U16<span class="token punctuation">,</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> HashMap
<span class="token comment"># Schema to deserialize various types</span>
primitive_schema <span class="token operator">=</span> CStruct<span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"U8"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"U16"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U16<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"U32"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U32<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> String<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> U8<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> HashMap<span class="token punctuation">(</span>String<span class="token punctuation">,</span> String<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">def</span> <span class="token function">common</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span>
mapping <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token string">"cookbook"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"recipe"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token string">"ingredient"</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment"># Serialize</span>
dser <span class="token operator">=</span> primitive_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>build<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token string">'U8'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">'U16'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">65535</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">'U32'</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">4294967295</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_STRING_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">'hello'</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">'world'</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"FIXED_U8_ARRAY"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token string">"MAP_STRING_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> mapping<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => b'\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\x05\x00\x00\x00hello\x05\x00\x00\x00world\x01\x02\x03\x04\x05\x02\x00\x00\x00\x08\x00\x00\x00cookbook\x06\x00\x00\x00recipe\x06\x00\x00\x00recipe\n\x00\x00\x00ingredient'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Deserialize</span>
new_value <span class="token operator">=</span> primitive_schema<span class="token punctuation">.</span>parse<span class="token punctuation">(</span>dser<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># Viola</span>
<span class="token keyword">print</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>new_value<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment"># => Container:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U8 = 255</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U16 = 65535</span>
<span class="token comment"># => U32 = 4294967295</span>
<span class="token comment"># => FIXED_STRING_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => hello</span>
<span class="token comment"># => world</span>
<span class="token comment"># => FIXED_U8_ARRAY = ListContainer:</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 2</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 3</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 4</span>
<span class="token comment"># => 5</span>
<span class="token comment"># => MAP_STRING_STRING = {'cookbook': 'recipe', 'recipe': 'ingredient'}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">primitives</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> prim <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">255u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">255</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">104</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">119</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">108</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">107</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">111</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">107</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">112</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">6</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">99</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">112</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">110</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">103</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">114</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">110</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">116</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">u16</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">5</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> x <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Primitive</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>prim<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> x<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="construcciones-avanzadas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#construcciones-avanzadas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Construcciones avanzadas</h2><p>Hemos mostrado cómo crear cargas útiles simples en ejemplos anteriores. Algunas veces Solana lanza una bola rápida con ciertos tipos. Esta sección demostrará el mapeo adecuado entre TS/JS y Rust para manejar esos casos:</p><h3 id="coption" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#coption" aria-hidden="true">#</a> COption</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token hashbang comment">#!/usr/bin/env node</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> serialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserialize<span class="token punctuation">,</span> deserializeUnchecked <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"buffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Struct <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* COption is meant to mirror the
* `solana_program::options::COption`
*
* This type stores a u32 flag (0 | 1) indicating
* the presence or not of a underlying PublicKey
*
* Similar to a Rust Option
* <span class="token keyword">@extends</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Struct<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Solana JS Struct class
* <span class="token keyword">@implements</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>encode<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Struct</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">constructor</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>properties<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Creates a COption from a PublicKey
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>PublicKey?<span class="token punctuation">}</span> akey
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>akey<span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>akey <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">undefined</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noneOrSome<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubKeyBuffer<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
noneOrSome<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubKeyBuffer<span class="token operator">:</span> akey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> Serialized COption (this)
*/</span>
<span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Safe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption object
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Unsafe deserializes a borsh serialized buffer to a COption
* <span class="token keyword">@param</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">}</span> data - Buffer containing borsh serialized data
* <span class="token keyword">@returns</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>COption<span class="token punctuation">}</span> COption object
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token function">decodeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">:</span> COption <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token function">deserializeUnchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Defines the layout of the COption object
* for serializing/deserializing
* <span class="token keyword">@type</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>Map<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">COPTIONSCHEMA</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
COption<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
kind<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"struct"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
fields<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"u32"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token doc-comment comment">/**
* Entry point for script *
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token keyword">function</span> <span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token operator">:</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// If we get a PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct COption instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>indata<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Testing COption with "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> indata<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> copt_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"copt_ser "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Deserialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tdone <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Validate contains PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pubkey: "</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"pubKeyBuffer"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Output:
Testing COption with A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU
copt_ser Buffer(36) [1, 0, 0, 0, 135, 202, 71, 214, 68, 105, 98, 176, 211, 130, 105, 2, 55, 187, 86, 186, 109, 176, 80, 208, 77, 100, 221, 101, 20, 203, 149, 166, 96, 171, 119, 35, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 1064, length: 36]
COption {noneOrSome: 1, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32)}
pubkey: A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Testing COption with null"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct COption instance</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fromPublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> copt_ser <span class="token operator">=</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">encode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Deserialize it</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tdone1 <span class="token operator">=</span> COption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>copt_ser<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Validate does NOT contains PublicKey</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>tdone1<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"noneOrSome"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token function">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Expected no public key"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"pubkey: null"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
Output:
Testing COption with null
Buffer(36)[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, buffer: ArrayBuffer(8192), byteLength: 36, byteOffset: 2272, length: 36]
COption { noneOrSome: 0, pubKeyBuffer: Uint8Array(32) }
pubkey: null
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// Test with PublicKey</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"A94wMjV54C8f8wn7zL8TxNCdNiGoq7XSN7vWGrtd4vwU"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">""</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Test without PublicKey</span>
<span class="token function">entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br><span class="line-number">103</span><br><span class="line-number">104</span><br><span class="line-number">105</span><br><span class="line-number">106</span><br><span class="line-number">107</span><br><span class="line-number">108</span><br><span class="line-number">109</span><br><span class="line-number">110</span><br><span class="line-number">111</span><br><span class="line-number">112</span><br><span class="line-number">113</span><br><span class="line-number">114</span><br><span class="line-number">115</span><br><span class="line-number">116</span><br><span class="line-number">117</span><br><span class="line-number">118</span><br><span class="line-number">119</span><br><span class="line-number">120</span><br><span class="line-number">121</span><br><span class="line-number">122</span><br><span class="line-number">123</span><br><span class="line-number">124</span><br><span class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br><span class="line-number">138</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">program_option<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Emulate how COption is 'unpacked'</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">deser_option</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Map the data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> ain <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">36</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>base<span class="token punctuation">,</span> key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>ain<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">4</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the SOME or NONE u32</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> nos <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_le_bytes</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>base<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Construct the COption accordingly</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> opt<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> nos <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">None</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">COption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_from_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
opt
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">btest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// From Typescript with borsh'ing</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> copt <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">135</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">202</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">71</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">214</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">68</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">98</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">211</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">130</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">105</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">55</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">187</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">86</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">186</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">109</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">176</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">80</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">208</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">77</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">100</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">221</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">101</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">203</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">149</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">166</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">96</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">171</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">119</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">35</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Emulate COption deserialization</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> coption <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">deser_option</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>copt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> coption<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">expect</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Uh-oh"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// As a Borsh Struct</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">TOption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> toption <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TOption</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>copt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> pkey <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_from_array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>toption<span class="token number">.1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Some = {:?} Pubkey = {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> toption<span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> pkey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="recursos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#recursos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Recursos</h2><ul><li><a href="https://borsh.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Especificación de Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-rs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Rust Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-js" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">TS/JS Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/near/borsh-construct-py" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Python Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://near.github.io/borsh-construct-py/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Python Borsh Documentation<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/hashblock/solana-cli-program-template" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programa CLI de Solana Template2<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span 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aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#hechos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Hechos"><!--[--><!--]--> Hechos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#escenario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Escenario"><!--[--><!--]--> Escenario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#estado-de-la-funcion" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Estado de la función"><!--[--><!--]--> Estado de la función <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#pruebas-de-paridad" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pruebas de paridad"><!--[--><!--]--> Pruebas de paridad <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#demostracion-sencilla" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Demostración sencilla"><!--[--><!--]--> Demostración sencilla <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#todas-las-funciones-activadas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Todas las funciones activadas"><!--[--><!--]--> Todas las funciones activadas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#funciones-selectivas-desactivadas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Funciones selectivas desactivadas"><!--[--><!--]--> Funciones selectivas desactivadas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#pruebas-de-paridad-completa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pruebas de paridad completa"><!--[--><!--]--> Pruebas de paridad completa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#pruebas-de-paridad-completa-programaticamente" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pruebas de paridad completa programáticamente"><!--[--><!--]--> Pruebas de paridad completa programáticamente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html#recursos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Recursos"><!--[--><!--]--> Recursos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="prueba-de-paridad-de-caracteristicas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#prueba-de-paridad-de-caracteristicas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Prueba de paridad de características</h1><p>Al probar su programa, la garantía de que se ejecutará de la misma manera en varios clusters es esencial tanto para la calidad como para producir los resultados esperados.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Hoja de hechos</p><ul><li>Las características son capacidades que se introducen en los validadores de Solana y requieren activación para ser utilizadas.</li><li>Las características pueden activarse en un clúster (p. ej., testnet) pero no en otro (p. ej., mainnet-beta).</li><li>Sin embargo; al ejecutar <code>solana-test-validator</code> localmente, todas las características disponibles se activan automáticamente. El resultado es que cuando se prueba localmente, las capacidades y los resultados puede que no sean las mismas que al ejecutar en un clúster diferente!</li></ul></div><h2 id="escenario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#escenario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Escenario</h2><p>Suponga que tiene una Transacción que contenía tres (3) instrucciones y cada instrucción consume aproximadamente 100_000 Unidades de cómputo (CU). Cuando se ejecuta en una versión de Solana 1.8.x, observaría un consumo de CU de instrucción similar a:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>Inicio de CU</th><th>Ejecución</th><th>CU Restante</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr></tbody></table><p>En Solana 1.9.2, se introdujo una función llamada 'límite de cómputo amplio de transacción' donde una transacción, de forma predeterminada, tiene un presupuesto de 200_000 CU y las instrucciones encapsuladas <strong><em>draw down</em></strong> de ese presupuesto de transacción. Corriendo la misma transacción como se señaló anteriormente tendría un comportamiento muy diferente:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>Inicio de CU</th><th>Ejecución</th><th>CU Restante</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>100_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>FALLA!!!</td><td>FALLA!!!</td></tr></tbody></table><p>¡Ay! Si no estuviera al tanto de esto, probablemente se sentiría frustrado ya que no hubo cambios en su comportamiento de instrucción que causaría esto. En devnet funcionó bien, pero localmente estaba fallando?!?</p><p>Existe la posibilidad de aumentar el presupuesto general de transacciones, digamos 300_000 CU, y que no falle pero esto demuestra por qué probar con <strong><em>Feature Parity</em></strong> proporciona una forma proactiva de evitar confusiones.</p><h2 id="estado-de-la-funcion" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#estado-de-la-funcion" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Estado de la función</h2><p>Es bastante fácil verificar qué funciones están habilitadas para un clúster en particular con el comando <code>solana feature status</code>.</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana feature status -ud // Displays by feature status for devnet
solana feature status -ut // Displays for testnet
solana feature status -um // Displays for mainnet-beta
solana feature status -ul // Displays for local, requires running solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>Alternativamente, puede usar una herramienta como <a href="#resources">scfsd</a> para observar el estado de todas las funciones en los clústeres, que mostraría la pantalla parcial que se muestra aquí, y no requiere que <code>solana-test-validator</code> se esté ejecutando:</p><img src="/assets/scfsd.cc67ec33.png" alt="Feature Status Heatmap"><h2 id="pruebas-de-paridad" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pruebas-de-paridad" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pruebas de paridad</h2><p>Como se señaló anteriormente, <code>solana-test-validator</code> activa <strong>todas</strong> las características automáticamente. Entonces, para responder a la pregunta "¿Cómo puedo probar localmente en un entorno que tiene paridad con devnet, testnet o incluso mainnet-beta?".</p><p>Solución: PRs fueron agregados a Solana 1.9.6 para permitir la desactivación de funciones:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY> ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id="demostracion-sencilla" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#demostracion-sencilla" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Demostración sencilla</h2><p>Suponga que tiene un programa simple que registra los datos. Y usted esta probando una transacción que agrega dos (2) instrucciones para su programa.</p><h3 id="todas-las-funciones-activadas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#todas-las-funciones-activadas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Todas las funciones activadas</h3><ol><li>Inicie el validador de prueba en una terminal:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana config set -ul
solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>En otra terminal, inicia el transmisor de registros:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana logs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="3"><li>Luego ejecuta su transacción. Vería algo similar en el terminal de registro (editado para mayor claridad):</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[1]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 187157 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success[
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><p>Debido a que nuestra característica 'límite de cómputo de toda la transacción' se activa automáticamente de forma predeterminada, observamos cada instrucción que reduce CU del presupuesto de transacción inicial de 200_000 CU.</p><h3 id="funciones-selectivas-desactivadas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#funciones-selectivas-desactivadas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Funciones selectivas desactivadas</h3><ol><li>Para esta ejecución, queremos que el comportamiento del presupuesto de CU esté a la par con lo que se ejecuta en devnet. Usando la(s) herramienta(s) descrita(s) en <a href="#feature-status">Estado de la características</a> aislamos la clave pública <code>transaction wide computing cap</code> y usamos <code>--deactivate-feature</code> en el inicio del validador de prueba</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --deactivate-feature 5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9 --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Ahora vemos en nuestros registros que nuestras instrucciones ahora tienen su propio presupuesto de 200_000 CU (editado para mayor claridad) que es actualmente el estado en todos los clusters:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="pruebas-de-paridad-completa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pruebas-de-paridad-completa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pruebas de paridad completa</h2><p>Puede estar en paridad total con un clúster específico identificando cada función que no está aún activada y agregue <code>--deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY></code> para cada uno al invocar <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_1 --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_2 ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Alternativamente, <a href="#resources">scfsd</a> proporciona un interruptor que genera una salida para la función desactivada para un clúster para que se use directamente al inicio de <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./.ledger $(scfsd -c devnet -k -t)
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Si abre otra terminal, mientras el validador se está ejecutando, y ejecuta <code>solana feature status</code> verá características desactivadas que se encontraron desactivadas en devnet</p><h2 id="pruebas-de-paridad-completa-programaticamente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pruebas-de-paridad-completa-programaticamente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pruebas de paridad completa programáticamente</h2><p>Para aquellos que controlan la ejecución del validador de prueba dentro de su código de prueba, modificando las características activadas/desactivadas del validador de prueba es posible usando TestValidatorGenesis. Con Solana 1.9.6 se ha agregado una función al generador de validadores para admitir esto.</p><p>En la raíz de la carpeta de su programa, cree una nueva carpeta llamada <code>tests</code> y agregue un archivo llamado <code>parity_test.rs</code>. Aquí estarán las funciones utilizadas por cada prueba.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Test Boiler Plate</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[cfg(test)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">tests</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>error<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">path<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">str</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">FromStr</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Use gadget-scfs to get interegate feature lists from clusters</span>
<span class="token comment">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml [dev-dependencies] to use</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">gadgets_scfs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsCriteria</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span>rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">message<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Added in Solana 1.9.2</span>
<span class="token namespace">compute_budget<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signature<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">signer<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">transaction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extended in Solana 1.9.6</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_test_validator<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Location/Name of ProgramTestGenesis ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"./.ledger"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Path to BPF program (*.so) change if needed</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"target/deploy/"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program name from program Cargo.toml</span>
<span class="token comment">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM_NAME</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"PROGRAM_NAME"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Program public key</span>
<span class="token comment">/// FILL IN WITH YOUR PROGRAM'S PUBLIC KEY str</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"PROGRAMS_PUBLIC_KEY_BASE58_STRING"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 'transaction wide compute cap' public key</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">pubkey!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>
<span class="token comment">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>env<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instantiate the test validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> test_validator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>
<span class="token comment">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator
<span class="token comment">// Set the ledger path and name</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ledger_path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add_program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start the test validator</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>
<span class="token comment">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">remove_dir_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Boiler plate</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">// UNIT TEST FOLLOWS</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Setup the test validator passing features</span>
<span class="token comment">/// you want to deactivate before running transactions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Extend environment variable to include our program location</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>env<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">set_var</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"BPF_OUT_DIR"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Instantiate the test validator</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> test_validator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">TestValidatorGenesis</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Once instantiated, TestValidatorGenesis configuration functions follow</span>
<span class="token comment">// a builder pattern enabling chaining of settings function calls</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator
<span class="token comment">// Set the ledger path and name</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --ledger <DIR>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ledger_path</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Load our program. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --bpf-program <ADDRESS_OR_PATH BPF_PROGRAM.SO>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add_program</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_NAME</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Identify features to deactivate. Ignored if reusing ledger</span>
<span class="token comment">// maps to `solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY>`</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">deactivate_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start the test validator</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">start</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> kp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Convenience function to remove existing ledger before TestValidatorGenesis setup</span>
<span class="token comment">/// maps to `solana-test-validator ... --reset`</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">TestValidator</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Keypair</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token class-name">PathBuf</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">exists</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>fs<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">remove_dir_all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">LEDGER_PATH</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>invalidate_features<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Submits a transaction with programs instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Boiler plate</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instructions<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Vec</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Signature</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Box</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">dyn</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token operator">>></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> transaction <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_unsigned</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Message</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>instructions<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> recent_blockhash <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_latest_blockhash</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: unable to get recent blockhash: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
transaction
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_sign</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>wallet_signer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> recent_blockhash<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: failed to sign transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> signature <span class="token operator">=</span> rpc_client
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">send_and_confirm_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>transaction<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map_err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token closure-params"><span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span>err<span class="token closure-punctuation punctuation">|</span></span> <span class="token macro property">format!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"error: send transaction: {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> err<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>signature<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>Ahora podemos agregar funciones de prueba en el cuerpo de <code>mod test {...}</code> para demostrar el valor predeterminado de configuración del validador (todas las funciones habilitadas) y luego deshabilitando el "límite de cómputo de toda la transacción" como los ejemplos anteriores ejecutando <code>solana-test-validator</code> desde la línea de comando.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">All Features Test</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Disable Tx CU Test</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_base_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run with all features activated (default for TestValidatorGenesis)</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> inv_feat <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inv_feat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the RpcClient</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Capture our programs log statements</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction to demonstrate</span>
<span class="token comment">// that each instruction CU draws down from default Transaction CU (200_000)</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_deactivate_tx_cu_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run with all features activated except 'transaction wide compute cap'</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> inv_feat <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">TXWIDE_LIMITS</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Start validator with clean (new) ledger</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inv_feat<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get the RpcClient</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Capture our programs log statements</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// This example doesn't require sending any accounts to program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Build instruction array and submit transaction</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// This instruction adds CU to transaction budget (1.9.2) but does nothing</span>
<span class="token comment">// when we deactivate the 'transaction wide compute cap' feature</span>
<span class="token class-name">ComputeBudgetInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">request_units</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">400_000u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token comment">// You will see that each instruction has the 1.8.x 200_000 CU per budget</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Alternativamente, el <a href="#resources">gadget del motor scfs</a> puede producir un vector completo de desactivado de características de un clúster. Lo siguiente demuestra el uso de ese motor para obtener una lista de todas las funciones desactivadas para devnet.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Devnet Parity</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[test]</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">test_devnet_parity_pass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Use gadget-scfs to get all deactivated features from devnet</span>
<span class="token comment">// must have `gadgets-scfs = "0.2.0" in Cargo.toml to use</span>
<span class="token comment">// Here we setup for a run that samples features only</span>
<span class="token comment">// from devnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> my_matrix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsCriteria</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
clusters<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token constant">SCFS_DEVNET</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">Default</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Run the sampler matrix</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>my_matrix<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">run</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Get all deactivated features</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> deactivated <span class="token operator">=</span> my_matrix
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_features</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">ScfsMatrix</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span>any_inactive<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Confirm we have them</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert_ne!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>deactivated<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Setup test validator and logging while deactivating all</span>
<span class="token comment">// features that are deactivated in devnet</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>test_validator<span class="token punctuation">,</span> main_payer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">clean_ledger_setup_validator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>deactivated<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> test_validator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_rpc_client</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_logger<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">setup_with_default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"solana_runtime::message=debug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> txn <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">submit_transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>main_payer<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token comment">// Add two (2) instructions to transaction</span>
<span class="token comment">// Replace with instructions that make sense for your program</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_borsh</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">PROG_KEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token number">1u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_vec</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">assert!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>txn<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Happy Testing!</p><h2 id="recursos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#recursos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Recursos</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/scfsd" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">scfsd<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/solana-gadgets/tree/main/rust/gadgets-scfs" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">gadget-scfs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/zh/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="中文（简体）"><!--[--><!--]--> 中文（简体） <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active" aria-label="Spanish"><!--[--><!--]--> Spanish <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/pt/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Português"><!--[--><!--]--> Português <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/de/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Deutsch"><!--[--><!--]--> Deutsch <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/vi/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Tiếng Việt"><!--[--><!--]--> Tiếng Việt <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/th/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="ไทย"><!--[--><!--]--> ไทย <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fr/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Français"><!--[--><!--]--> Français <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/id/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Bahasa Indonesia"><!--[--><!--]--> Bahasa Indonesia <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/kr/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="한국어"><!--[--><!--]--> 한국어 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/tr/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Türkçe"><!--[--><!--]--> Türkçe <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/ja/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="日本語"><!--[--><!--]--> 日本語 <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><li class="navbar-dropdown-item"><a href="/fil/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Filipino"><!--[--><!--]--> Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html#¿como-se-pueden-migrar-las-cuentas-de-datos-de-un-programa" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="¿Cómo se pueden migrar las cuentas de datos de un programa?"><!--[--><!--]--> ¿Cómo se pueden migrar las cuentas de datos de un programa? <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html#escenario" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Escenario"><!--[--><!--]--> Escenario <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html#actualizando-la-cuenta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Actualizando la cuenta"><!--[--><!--]--> Actualizando la cuenta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html#_1-agregar-la-logica-de-conversion-de-cuenta" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="1. Agregar la lógica de conversión de cuenta"><!--[--><!--]--> 1. Agregar la lógica de conversión de cuenta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/data-migration.html#resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="migracion-de-cuentas-de-datos-de-programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#migracion-de-cuentas-de-datos-de-programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Migración de cuentas de datos de programas</h1><h2 id="¿como-se-pueden-migrar-las-cuentas-de-datos-de-un-programa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#¿como-se-pueden-migrar-las-cuentas-de-datos-de-un-programa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> ¿Cómo se pueden migrar las cuentas de datos de un programa?</h2><p>Cuando crea un programa, cada cuenta de datos asociada con ese programa tendrá una estructura de datos específica. Si alguna vez necesitas actualizar una cuenta derivada del programa, puedes terminar teniendo un montón de inconsistencias de cuentas derivadas del programa con la estructura anterior.</p><p>Con el control de versiones de la cuenta, puede actualizar sus cuentas antiguas a la nueva estructura.</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Nota</p><p>Esta es solo una de las muchas formas de migrar datos en Cuentas de propiedad del programa (POA).</p></div><h2 id="escenario" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#escenario" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Escenario</h2><p>Para versionar y migrar los datos de nuestra cuenta, proporcionaremos un <strong>id</strong> para cada cuenta. Este identificador nos permitirá identificar la versión de la cuenta cuando se lo pasamos al programa, y así manejar correctamente la cuenta.</p><p>Tomemos como ejemplo el siguiente estado de cuenta y programa:</p><img src="/assets/pav1.1b0417ca.png" alt="Program Account v1"><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Account</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Instruction</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Processor</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">io<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mem<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Currently using state. If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another serializable backlevel one</span>
<span class="token comment">/// before adding new fields here</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Signal initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Gets the current data version</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">version</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data_version
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Account allocated size</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current content data size</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total usage for data only</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to current state of data</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> past <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
past<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Logic to uplift from previous version</span>
<span class="token comment">// GOES HERE</span>
<span class="token comment">// Give back</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> initialized<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Version check</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing consistent data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">125</span><br><span class="line-number">126</span><br><span class="line-number">127</span><br><span class="line-number">128</span><br><span class="line-number">129</span><br><span class="line-number">130</span><br><span class="line-number">131</span><br><span class="line-number">132</span><br><span class="line-number">133</span><br><span class="line-number">134</span><br><span class="line-number">135</span><br><span class="line-number">136</span><br><span class="line-number">137</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main ProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span>program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">FailInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>
<span class="token comment">/// in the array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>En nuestra primera versión de una cuenta, estamos haciendo lo siguiente:</p><table><thead><tr><th>ID</th><th>Action</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>Incluir un campo de 'versión de datos' en los datos. Puede ser un ordinal incremental simple (por ejemplo, u8) o algo más sofisticado</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>Asignar suficiente espacio para el crecimiento de datos</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>Inicializar una cantidad de constantes para usar en todas las versiones del programa</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>Agregar una función <code>fn conversion_logic</code> para las futuras actualizaciones de cuenta</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Digamos que queremos actualizar las cuentas de nuestro programa para incluir un nuevo campo obligatorio, el campo <code>somestring</code>.</p><p>Si no asignáramos espacio adicional en la cuenta anterior, podríamos no actualizar la cuenta y quedaría atascada.</p><h2 id="actualizando-la-cuenta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#actualizando-la-cuenta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Actualizando la cuenta</h2><p>En nuestro nuevo programa queremos agregar una nueva propiedad para el contenido del estado. Los cambios a continuación muestran cómo aprovechamos la estructura inicial del programa para agregar el nuevo campo.</p><h3 id="_1-agregar-la-logica-de-conversion-de-cuenta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#_1-agregar-la-logica-de-conversion-de-cuenta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> 1. Agregar la lógica de conversión de cuenta</h3><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Account</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! @brief account_state manages account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">arrayref<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>array_ref<span class="token punctuation">,</span> array_refs<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">io<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mem<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somestring<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentOld</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Signal initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the initialized flag</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Gets the current data version</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">version</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data_version
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Get the mutable reference to content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>account_data
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Declaration of the current data version.</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// Adding string to content</span>
<span class="token comment">// Previous const DATA_VERSION: u8 = 0;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Account allocated size</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1024</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialized flag is 1st byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Data version (current) is 2nd byte of data block</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Previous content data size (before changing this is equal to current)</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentOld</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total space occupied by previous account data</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current content data size</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token namespace">mem<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">size_of</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Total usage for data only</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// How much of 1024 is used</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_ALLOCATION_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Current space used by header (initialized, data version and Content)</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_USED_SIZE</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token constant">CURRENT_UNUSED_SIZE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Future data migration logic that converts prior state of data</span>
<span class="token comment">/// to current state of data</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> past <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_ref!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>src<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_ACCOUNT_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>initialized<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token macro property">array_refs!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
past<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">IS_INITIALIZED</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">PREVIOUS_VERSION_DATA_SIZE</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Logic to upgrade from previous version</span>
<span class="token comment">// GOES HERE</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> old <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">AccountContentOld</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_space<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Default sets 'somevalue' to 0 and somestring to default ""</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> new_content <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// We copy the existing 'somevalue', the program instructions will read/update 'somestring' without fail</span>
new_content<span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> old<span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Give back</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> initialized<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> new_content<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Sealed</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">ACCOUNT_STATE_SPACE</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Store 'state' of account to its data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">pack_into_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> dst<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BufWriter</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dst<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">self</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> bw<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Retrieve 'state' of account from account data area</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check initialized</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> initialized <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Version check</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> src<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing consistent version data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing backlevel data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">conversion_logic</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>src<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Processing pre-initialized data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token constant">DATA_VERSION</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
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data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">/// Current state (DATA_VERSION 1). If version changes occur, this</span>
<span class="token comment">/// should be copied to another (see AccountContentOld below)</span>
<span class="token comment">/// We've added a new field: 'somestring'</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somestring<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Old content state (DATA_VERSION 0).</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">AccountContentOld</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> somevalue<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Maintains account data</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, Default, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ProgramAccountState</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">bool</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data_version<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountContentCurrent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><table><thead><tr><th>Line(s)</th><th>Note</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>6</td><td>Hemos agregado <code>solana_program::borsh::try_from_slice_unchecked</code> de Solana para simplificar la lectura de subconjuntos del bloque de datos más grande</td></tr><tr><td>13-26</td><td>Aquí hemos conservado la estructura de contenido anterior, <code>AccountContentOld</code> línea 24, antes de extender <code>AccountContentCurrent</code> a partir de la línea 17.</td></tr><tr><td>60</td><td>Actualizamos la constante <code>DATA_VERSION</code></td></tr><tr><td>71</td><td>Ahora tenemos una versión 'anterior' y queremos saber su tamaño</td></tr><tr><td>86</td><td>El Coup de grâce está agregando la plomería para actualizar el contenido del estado anterior al estado nuevo (actual)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Luego actualizamos nuestras instrucciones, para agregar <code>somestring</code> y el procesador para manejar la nueva instrucción. Tenga en cuenta que la "actualización" de la estructura de datos está encapsulada detrás de <code>pack/unpack</code>.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Instruction</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Processor</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! instruction Contains the main VersionProgramInstruction enum</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token module-declaration namespace"><span class="token punctuation">::</span>error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, BorshSerialize, Debug, PartialEq)]</span>
<span class="token comment">/// All custom program instructions</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Added with data version change</span>
<span class="token class-name">FailInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Unpack inbound buffer to associated Instruction</span>
<span class="token comment">/// The expected format for input is a Borsh serialized vector</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// let payload = VersionProgramInstruction::try_from_slice(input).unwrap();</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> payload <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>_<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>payload<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// Added with data version change</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item" aria-selected="false"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token comment">//! Resolve instruction and execute</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">crate</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">IsInitialized</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Checks each tracking account to confirm it is owned by our program</span>
<span class="token comment">/// This function assumes that the program account is always the last</span>
<span class="token comment">/// in the array</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">// Accounts must be owned by the program.</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> account <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">take</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">-</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"Fail: The tracking account owner is {} and it should be {}."</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">IncorrectProgramId</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Initialize the programs account, which is the first in accounts</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initialize account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Just using unpack will check to see if initialized and will</span>
<span class="token comment">// fail if not</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Where this is a logic error in trying to initialize the same account more than once</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">is_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AlreadyInitializedState</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_initialized</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Account Initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the u64 in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new value {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somevalue <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Sets the string in the content structure</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">set_string_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Set new string {}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> program_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> program_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">content_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>somestring <span class="token operator">=</span> value<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Serialize</span>
<span class="token class-name">ProgramAccountState</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">pack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_state<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> account_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Main processing entry point dispatches to specific</span>
<span class="token comment">/// instruction handlers</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received process request 0.2.0"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Check the account for program relationship</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">check_account_ownership</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>error<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// Unpack the inbound data, mapping instruction to appropriate structure</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Attempting to unpack"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeAccount</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">initialize_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetU64Value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_u64_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">VersionProgramInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">SetString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>value<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token function">set_string_value</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> value<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Received unknown instruction"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">DataVersionError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br><span class="line-number">99</span><br><span class="line-number">100</span><br><span class="line-number">101</span><br><span class="line-number">102</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Después de crear y enviar una instrucción: <code>VersionProgramInstruction::SetString(String)</code> ahora tenemos el siguiente diseño de datos de cuenta 'actualizado'</p><img src="/assets/pav2.1ef612b4.png" alt="Program Account v2"><h2 id="resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://borsh.io/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Especificación de Borsh<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/blob/master/sdk/program/src/borsh.rs#L67" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solana <code>try_from_slice_unchecked</code><span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://github.com/FrankC01/versioning-solana" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Referencia de la implementación<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<meta name="title" content="Libro de recetas de Solana | Depurando Programas en Solana"><meta name="og:title" content="Libro de recetas de Solana | Depurando Programas en Solana"><meta name="description" content="Hay una serie de opciones y herramientas de apoyo para probar y depurar un programa Solana BPF. Obtenga información cómo depurar un programa y más en el libro de recetas de Solana."><meta name="og:description" content="Hay una serie de opciones y herramientas de apoyo para probar y depurar un programa Solana BPF. Obtenga información cómo depurar un programa y más en el libro de recetas de Solana."><meta name="og:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="og:image:alt" content="Solana splash card"><meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"><meta name="twitter:site" content="@solanacookbook"><meta name="twitter:image" content="https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"><meta name="robots" content="index,follow,noodp"><meta name="googlebot" content="index,follow"><link rel="icon" href="/solana_cookbook_lightmode.svg"><script data-domain="solanacookbook.com" src="https://plausible.io/js/plausible.js"></script><title>Depurando Programas en Solana | Solana Cookbook</title>
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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#hechos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Hechos"><!--[--><!--]--> Hechos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#pruebas-de-tiempo-de-ejecucion-y-depuracion-en-el-editor" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pruebas de tiempo de ejecución y depuración en el editor"><!--[--><!--]--> Pruebas de tiempo de ejecución y depuración en el editor <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#pruebas-de-nodo-de-validacion-local-en-el-editor-local-validator" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pruebas de nodo de validación local en el editor (Local Validator)"><!--[--><!--]--> Pruebas de nodo de validación local en el editor (Local Validator) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#pruebas-de-nodos-de-validadores-locales-desde-aplicaciones-cliente" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Pruebas de nodos de validadores locales desde aplicaciones cliente"><!--[--><!--]--> Pruebas de nodos de validadores locales desde aplicaciones cliente <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html#recursos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Recursos"><!--[--><!--]--> Recursos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="depurando-programas-en-solana" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#depurando-programas-en-solana" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Depurando Programas en Solana</h1><p>Hay una serie de opciones y herramientas de apoyo para probar y depurar un programa Solana.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Hoja de hechos</p><ul><li>El crate <code>solana-program-test</code> permite el uso de bare bones <strong><em>local runtime</em></strong> donde puede probar y depurar su programa de forma interactiva (por ejemplo, en vscode).</li><li>El crate <code>solana-validator</code> permite el uso de la implementación <code>solana-test-validator</code> para una mayor robustez de pruebas en un <strong><em>nodo validador local</em></strong>. Puede ejecutarlo desde el editor <strong><em>pero los puntos de interrupción en el programa son ignorados</em></strong>.</li><li>La herramienta CLI <code>solana-test-validator</code> ejecuta y carga su programa y procesa la ejecución de transacciones desde línea de comando, Aplicaciones Rust o aplicaciones Javascript/Typescript usando web3.</li><li>Por todo lo anterior, se recomienda el uso liberal de la macro <code>msg!</code> en su programa al principio y luego eliminándolos mientras prueba y asegura un comportamiento estable. Recuerde que <code>msg!</code> consume Unidades de Cómputo que eventualmente podrían hacer fallar su programa al alcanzar los límites de presupuesto de la Unidad de Cómputo.</li></ul></div><p>Los pasos de las siguientes secciones utilizan <a href="#resources">solana-program-bpf-template</a>. Clona eso a tu máquina:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">git</span> clone [email protected]:mvines/solana-bpf-program-template.git
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-bpf-program-template
code <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id="pruebas-de-tiempo-de-ejecucion-y-depuracion-en-el-editor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pruebas-de-tiempo-de-ejecucion-y-depuracion-en-el-editor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pruebas de tiempo de ejecución y depuración en el editor</h2><p>Abre el archivo <code>src/lib.rs</code></p><p>Verá que el programa es bastante simple y básicamente solo registra el contenido recibido por la función de entrada del programa: <code>process_instruction</code></p><ol><li>Vaya a la sección <code>#[cfg(test)]</code> y haga clic en <code>Ejecutar pruebas</code>. Esto construirá el programa, luego ejecute la prueba <code>async fn test_transaction()</code>. Verá los mensajes de registro (simplificados) en el terminal vscode.</li></ol><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
<span class="token string">"bpf_program_template"</span> program loaded as native code
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test::test_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">33</span>.41s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Establezca un punto de interrupción en la línea <code>msg!</code> del programa (11)</li><li>De vuelta en el módulo de prueba, haga clic en "Depurar" y, en cuestión de segundos, el depurador se detendrá en el punto de interrupción y ahora puede examinar datos, recorrer funciones, etc.</li></ol><p>Estas pruebas también se ejecutan desde la línea de comandos con: <code>cargo test</code> o <code>cargo test-bpf</code>. Por supuesto, cualquier punto de interrupción será ignorado.</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Nota</p><p>Tenga en cuenta que no está utilizando un nodo de validación, por lo que los programas predeterminados, hashes de bloque, etc. no están representados o no se comportará como lo haría cuando se ejecuta en el nodo de validación. Por eso la Solana nos dio el nodo Local Validator para hacer pruebas!</p></div><h2 id="pruebas-de-nodo-de-validacion-local-en-el-editor-local-validator" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pruebas-de-nodo-de-validacion-local-en-el-editor-local-validator" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pruebas de nodo de validación local en el editor (Local Validator)</h2><p>Las pruebas de integración mediante la carga programática de un nodo validador local se definen en el archivo <code>tests/integration.rs</code>.</p><p>De forma predeterminada, las pruebas de integración del repositorio de plantillas solo se podrán ejecutar desde la línea de comandos usando <code>cargo test-bpf</code>. Los siguientes pasos también le permitirán ejecutar dentro del editor, como mostrar los registros del validador del programa y las salidas <code>msg!</code> de su programa:</p><ol><li>En el directorio del repositorio, ejecute <code>cargo build-bpf</code> para compilar el programa de muestra</li><li>En el editor, abra <code>tests/integration.rs</code></li><li>Comente la línea 1 -> <code>// #![cfg(feature = "test-bpf")]</code></li><li>En la línea 19, cámbielo para que diga: <code>.add_program("target/deploy/bpf_program_template", program_id)</code></li><li>Inserte lo siguiente en la línea 22 <code>solana_logger::setup_with_default("solana_runtime::message=debug");</code></li><li>Haga clic en <code>Ejecutar prueba</code> encima de la función <code>test_validator_transaction()</code></li></ol><p>Esto cargará el nodo de validación y luego le permitirá construir una transacción (al estilo de Rust) y enviar al nodo usando <code>RcpClient</code>.</p><p>La salida del programa también se imprimirá en la terminal del editor. Por ejemplo (simplificado):</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM consumed <span class="token number">13027</span> of <span class="token number">200000</span> compute <span class="token function">units</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test_validator_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">6</span>.40s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>La depuración aquí le permitirá depurar las funciones y los métodos utilizados en el <strong><em>cuerpo de prueba</em></strong>, pero no un punto de interrupción en su programa.</p><h2 id="pruebas-de-nodos-de-validadores-locales-desde-aplicaciones-cliente" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pruebas-de-nodos-de-validadores-locales-desde-aplicaciones-cliente" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pruebas de nodos de validadores locales desde aplicaciones cliente</h2><p>Por último, puede iniciar un nodo de validación local y cargar su programa y cualquier cuenta usando <code>solana-test-validator</code> desde la línea de comandos.</p><p>En este enfoque, necesitará una aplicación cliente usando Rust <a href="#resources">RcpClient</a> o en <a href="#resources">Clientes JavaScript o Typescript</a></p><p>Consulte <code>solana-test-validator --help</code> para obtener más detalles y opciones. Para el programa de ejemplo aquí está la configuración:</p><ol><li>Abra una terminal en la carpeta repo</li><li>Ejecute <code>solana config set -ul</code> para configurar la configuración para que apunte a local</li><li>Ejecute <code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program target/deploy/bpf_program_template-keypair.json target/deploy/bpf_program_template.so</code></li><li>Abra otra terminal y ejecute <code>solana logs</code> para iniciar el transmisor de registros</li><li>Luego puede ejecutar su programa cliente y observar la salida del programa en la terminal donde inició el transmisor de registros.</li></ol><h2 id="recursos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#recursos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Recursos</h2><p><a href="https://github.com/mvines/solana-bpf-program-template" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">solana-program-bpf-template<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://docs.rs/solana-client/latest/solana_client/rpc_client/struct.RpcClient.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">RcpClient<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><p><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Librería JavaScript/Typescript<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="como-usar-map-en-cuentas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#como-usar-map-en-cuentas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cómo usar Map en cuentas</h1><p>Los mapas son estructuras de datos que usamos con frecuencia en la programación para asociar una <strong>clave</strong> con un <strong>valor</strong> de algún tipo. La clave y el valor pueden ser de cualquier tipo arbitrario y la clave actúa como un identificador para un valor dado que se está guardando. Luego, dada su clave, nos permite insertar, recuperar y actualizar estos valores de manera eficiente.</p><p>El modelo de cuenta de Solana, como sabemos, requiere que los datos del programa y sus datos de estado relevantes se almacenen en diferentes cuentas. Estas cuentas tienen una dirección asociada a ellas. ¡Esto, en sí mismo, actúa como un mapa! Obtenga más información sobre el modo de cuenta de Solana [aquí] <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">AccountCookbook<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Por lo tanto, tendría sentido almacenar sus <strong>valores</strong> en cuentas separadas, siendo su dirección la <strong>clave</strong> necesaria para recuperar el valor. Pero esto trae algunos problemas, tales como,</p><ul><li><p>Las direcciones mencionadas anteriormente probablemente no sean las <strong>claves</strong> ideales porque son difíciles de recordar.</p></li><li><p>Las direcciones mencionadas anteriormente se referían a claves públicas de diferentes <strong>Pares de claves</strong>, donde cada clave pública (o <em>dirección</em>) tendría asociada una <strong>clave privada</strong>. Se requeriría esta clave privada para firmar diferentes instrucciones cuando sea necesario, lo que requiere que almacenemos la clave privada en algún lugar, ¡lo cual definitivamente <strong>no</strong> se recomienda!</p></li></ul><p>Esto presenta un problema al que se enfrentan muchos desarrolladores de Solana, que es implementar una lógica similar a <code>Map</code> en sus programas. Veamos un par de formas para solucionar este problema,</p><h2 id="derivando-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#derivando-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Derivando PDAs</h2><p>PDA significa <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/es/accounts.html#program-derived-address" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Program Derived Address<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> o en español, direcciones derivadas de programa, que de forma simple podemos decir que son cuentas <strong>derivadas</strong> de un conjunto de semillas y un id de programa (o <em>dirección</em>).</p><p>Lo único de las PDA es que estas direcciones <strong>no</strong> están asociadas con ninguna clave privada. Esto se debe a que estas direcciones no se encuentran en la curva ED25519. Por lo tanto, <strong>solo</strong> el programa, del cual se derivó esta <em>dirección</em>, puede firmar una instrucción con las semillas y el id del programa. Obtenga más información sobre esto <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/es/programs.html#create-a-program-derived-address" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">aquí<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Ahora que tenemos una idea de lo que son las PDA, ¡utilicémoslas para mapear algunas cuentas! Tomaremos un ejemplo de un programa <strong>Blog</strong> para demostrar cómo se implementaría.</p><p>En este programa de Blog, nos gustaría que cada 'Usuario' tuviera un solo 'Blog'. Este blog podría tener cualquier número de 'Publicaciones'. Eso significaría que estamos <strong>asignando</strong> a cada usuario a un blog, y cada publicación está <strong>asignada</strong> a un blog determinado.</p><p>En resumen, hay un mapeo <code>1:1</code> entre un usuario y su blog, mientras que un mapeo <code>1:N</code> entre un blog y sus publicaciones.</p><p>Para el mapeo <code>1:1</code>, nos gustaría que la dirección de un blog se derive <strong>solo</strong> de su usuario, lo que nos permitiría recuperar un blog, dada su autoridad (o <em>usuario</em>). Por lo tanto, las semillas de un blog consistirían en su <strong>clave de autoridad</strong> y posiblemente un prefijo de <strong>"blog"</strong>, para actuar como un identificador de tipo.</p><p>Para el mapeo <code>1:N</code>, nos gustaría que la dirección de cada publicación se derive <strong>no solo</strong> del blog con el que está asociada, sino también de otro <strong>identificador</strong>, lo que nos permite diferenciar entre <code>N </code> número de publicaciones en el blog. En el siguiente ejemplo, la dirección de cada publicación se deriva de la <strong>clave del blog</strong>, un <strong>slug</strong> para identificar cada publicación y un prefijo de <strong>"publicación"</strong>, para actuar como un identificador de tipo.</p><p>El código es como se muestra a continuación,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Anchor</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">anchor_lang<span class="token punctuation">::</span>prelude<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">declare_id!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"2vD2HBhLnkcYcKxnxLjFYXokHdcsgJnyEXGnSpAX376e"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[program]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">mod</span> <span class="token module-declaration namespace">mapping_pda</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">initialize_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_inner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> _post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> post<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ErrorCode</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">set_inner</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
ctx<span class="token punctuation">.</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_count<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> author<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 characters max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 20 characters max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span> <span class="token comment">// 50 characters max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">20</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">50</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">ErrorCode</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[msg(<span class="token string">"Invalid Content or Title."</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidContentOrTitle</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br><span class="line-number">90</span><br><span class="line-number">91</span><br><span class="line-number">92</span><br><span class="line-number">93</span><br><span class="line-number">94</span><br><span class="line-number">95</span><br><span class="line-number">96</span><br><span class="line-number">97</span><br><span class="line-number">98</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(blog_account_bump: u8)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">InitializeBlog</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Accounts)]</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[instruction(post_account_bump: u8, post: Post)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">CreatePost</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut, has_one = authority)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
#<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token function">account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
init<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seeds <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_account_bump<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
payer <span class="token operator">=</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[account(mut)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Signer</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> system_program<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Program</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token lifetime-annotation symbol">'info</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token operator">></span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span>convert<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">TryInto</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">thiserror<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Accounts expected:</span>
<span class="token comment">/// </span>
<span class="token comment">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the blog</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account derived from PDA</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. `[]` The System Program</span>
<span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">/// Accounts expected:</span>
<span class="token comment">/// </span>
<span class="token comment">/// 0. `[signer]` User account who is creating the post</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 1. `[writable]` Blog account for which post is being created</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 2. `[writable]` Post account derived from PDA</span>
<span class="token comment">/// 3. `[]` System Program</span>
<span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Processor</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Instruction: InitBlog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span> title<span class="token punctuation">,</span> content<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Instruction: CreatePost"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span> title<span class="token punctuation">,</span> content<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> post_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_len<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_len<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating post account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_post_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>post_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>author <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug <span class="token operator">=</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> title<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content <span class="token operator">=</span> content<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_blog_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshDeserialize, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">PostIxPayload</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogInstruction</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">unpack</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>input<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">Result</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>variant<span class="token punctuation">,</span> rest<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> input<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">split_first</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> payload <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">PostIxPayload</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rest<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">match</span> variant <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InitBlog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">CreatePost</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> payload<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> authority<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> post_count<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 posts max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Debug, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Post</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> author<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> blog<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 chars max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 20 chars max</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 50 chars max</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Instruction"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Blog Account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Post Account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Post Data"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Account not Writable"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountNotWritable</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">From</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Custom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">275</span><br><span class="line-number">276</span><br><span class="line-number">277</span><br><span class="line-number">278</span><br><span class="line-number">279</span><br><span class="line-number">280</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_create_post</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
title<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
content<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">20</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">50</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostData</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> _blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> post_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidPostAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> post_len<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> title<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> content<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>post_len<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_post_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_len<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating post account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_post_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
slug<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>post_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Post</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>author <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>blog <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> post_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>slug <span class="token operator">=</span> slug<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>title <span class="token operator">=</span> title<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>content <span class="token operator">=</span> content<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Post data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
post_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> post_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">+=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing Blog data"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_blog</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> blog_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>blog_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> blog_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_blog_pda_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating blog account!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_blog_pda_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Blog</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">try_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>authority <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>bump <span class="token operator">=</span> blog_bump<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>post_count <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
blog_account_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> blog_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span 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<code>connection.getAccountInfo()</code> para obtener los datos de la cuenta. A continuación se muestra un ejemplo,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> borsh <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"authorityPubkey"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bump"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"postCount"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">export</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"author"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"bump"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"title"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"content"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug-1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
blogAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Blog account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blogAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
postAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Post account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> postAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"blog"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"post"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"slug-1"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> user<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBuffer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>blogAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> blogAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">BLOG_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
blogAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Blog account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> blogAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountInfo <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>postAccount<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> postAccountState <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">POST_ACCOUNT_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
postAccountInfo<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Post account state: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> postAccountState<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><h2 id="map-simple" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#map-simple" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Map simple</h2><p>Otra forma de implementar el mapeo sería tener una estructura de datos <code>BTreeMap</code> almacenada explícitamente en una sola cuenta. La propia dirección de esta cuenta podría ser una PDA o la clave pública de un par de claves generadas.</p><p>Este método de asignación de cuentas no es ideal por las siguientes razones:</p><ul><li><p>Primero tendrá que inicializar la cuenta que almacena el <code>BTreeMap</code>, antes de poder insertarle los pares clave-valor necesarios. Luego, también deberá almacenar la dirección de esta cuenta en algún lugar, para actualizarla cuando se necesite.</p></li><li><p>Existen limitaciones de memoria para una cuenta, donde una cuenta puede tener un tamaño máximo de <strong>10 megabytes</strong>, lo que restringe el <code>BTreeMap</code> para almacenar una gran cantidad de pares clave-valor.</p></li></ul><p>Por lo tanto, después de considerar su caso de uso, puede implementar este método como se muestra a continuación,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">Rust</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">std<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">collections<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">thiserror<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Error</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">BorshSerialize</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">BorshDeserialize</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">num_traits<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">FromPrimitive</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">sysvar<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">rent<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Sysvar</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">entrypoint<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">pubkey<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">account_info<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> next_account_info<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_error<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> msg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>invoke_signed<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">borsh<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span>try_from_slice_unchecked<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">entrypoint!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>process_instruction<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_instruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"instruction_data: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>program_id<span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">Processor</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">Processor</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> instruction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">FromPrimitive</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from_u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>instruction_data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">ok_or</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">match</span> instruction <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Initializing map!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Inserting entry!"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">Self</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
_ <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidInstructionData</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>map_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> map_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_map_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_map_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>map_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map <span class="token operator">=</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>b_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(BorshSerialize, BorshDeserialize, Clone, Debug)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">struct</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">MapAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> is_initialized<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token comment">// 100</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token keyword">usize</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">4</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token number">64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 10 user -> blog</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[derive(Error, Debug, Copy, Clone)]</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">enum</span> <span class="token type-definition class-name">BlogError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid MapAccount account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Invalid Blog account"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">InvalidBlogAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token attribute attr-name">#[error(<span class="token string">"Account already has entry in Map"</span>)]</span>
<span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">impl</span> <span class="token class-name">From</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token keyword">Self</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Custom</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>e <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br><span class="line-number">153</span><br><span class="line-number">154</span><br><span class="line-number">155</span><br><span class="line-number">156</span><br><span class="line-number">157</span><br><span class="line-number">158</span><br><span class="line-number">159</span><br><span class="line-number">160</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_init_map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> authority_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> system_program <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>map_pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> map_bump<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">find_program_address</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_pda <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_writable <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">data_is_empty</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Rent</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">get</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rent_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> rent<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">minimum_balance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> create_map_ix <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token constant">LEN</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">try_into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Creating MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
create_map_ix<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
authority_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token string">b"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>map_bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">BTreeMap</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_initialized <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map <span class="token operator">=</span> empty_map<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">process_insert_entry</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token class-name">AccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> program_id<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token class-name">Pubkey</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">-></span> <span class="token class-name">ProgramResult</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> account_info_iter <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> a_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> b_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> map_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">next_account_info</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account_info_iter<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token operator">!</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>is_signer <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">ProgramError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">MissingRequiredSignature</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token number">0</span> <span class="token operator">||</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>owner <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>program_id <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">InvalidMapAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Deserializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_state <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">try_from_slice_unchecked</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token operator"><</span><span class="token class-name">MapAccount</span><span class="token operator">></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">contains_key</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token class-name">Err</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">BlogError</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">AccountAlreadyHasEntry</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span>map<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">insert</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">*</span>a_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>b_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">msg!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Serializing MapAccount account"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
map_state<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">serialize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">mut</span> map_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">Ok</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><p>El código del lado del cliente para probar el programa anterior se vería como se muestra a continuación,</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><!--[--><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><!--]--><li class="flex-grow"></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M10 20l4-16m4 4l4 4-4 4M6 16l-4-4 4-4"></path></svg></button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab"><svg width="18" height="18" viewbox="0 0 24 24" fill="none"><path stroke="currentColor" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" stroke-width="2" d="M9 5H7a2 2 0 00-2 2v12a2 2 0 002 2h10a2 2 0 002-2V7a2 2 0 00-2-2h-2M9 5a2 2 0 002 2h2a2 2 0 002-2M9 5a2 2 0 012-2h2a2 2 0 012 2"></path></svg></button></li></ul></div><div><div class="code-info-title">Press </> button to view full source</div></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true" data-v-6ae3d40e><div class="" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Keypair<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
Transaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
TransactionInstruction<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> borsh <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@project-serum/borsh"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"FwcG3yKuAkCfX68q9GPykNWDaaPjdZFaR1Tgr8qSxaEa"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">struct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">u8</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"is_initialized"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">map</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user_a"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> borsh<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">publicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"user_b"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"blogs"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://localhost:8899"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userA <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userB <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> userC <span class="token operator">=</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>mapKey<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"map"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropASig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropBSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> airdropCSig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">requestAirdrop</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">5</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseA <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropASig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseB <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropBSig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> promiseC <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>airdropCSig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token builtin">Promise</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">all</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>promiseA<span class="token punctuation">,</span> promiseB<span class="token punctuation">,</span> promiseC<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> initMapIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertABIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertBCIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertCAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initMapIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertABIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertBCIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertCAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> sig <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>userA<span class="token punctuation">,</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">,</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
skipPreflight<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
preflightCommitment<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">confirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>sig<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mapAccount <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getAccountInfo</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mapKey<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> mapData <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token constant">MAP_DATA_LAYOUT</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">decode</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mapAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"MapData: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mapData<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">150</span><br><span class="line-number">151</span><br><span class="line-number">152</span><br><span class="line-number">153</span><br><span class="line-number">154</span><br><span class="line-number">155</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="hidden" data-v-6ae3d40e><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> insertABIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertBCIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userB<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> insertCAIx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userC<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> userA<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> mapKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>Uint8Array<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">of</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>initMapIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertABIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertBCIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
tx<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>insertCAIx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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Filipino <!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html#hechos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Hechos"><!--[--><!--]--> Hechos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Un vistazo más profundo"><!--[--><!--]--> Un vistazo más profundo <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html#dataslice" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="dataSlice"><!--[--><!--]--> dataSlice <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html#otros-recursos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Otros recursos"><!--[--><!--]--> Otros recursos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="obtener-cuentas-de-programa" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#obtener-cuentas-de-programa" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Obtener cuentas de programa</h1><p>Existe un método RPC que devuelve todas las cuentas que son propiedad de un programa. Actualmente no se admite la paginación. Las solicitudes a <code>getProgramAccounts</code> deben incluir los parámetros <code>dataSlice</code> y/o <code>filters</code> para mejorar el tiempo de respuesta y devolver solo los resultados que se necesitan.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Parámetros</p><ul><li><code>programId</code>: <code>string</code> - Llave pública del programa a consultar, codificada en base58</li><li>(optional) <code>configOrCommitment</code>: <code>object</code> - Parámetros de configuración que contienen los siguientes campos opcionales: <ul><li>(optional) <code>commitment</code>: <code>string</code> - <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#configuring-state-commitment" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Compromiso del estado (state commitment)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(optional) <code>encoding</code>: <code>string</code> - La codificación para los datos de la cuenta, puede ser: <code>base58</code>, <code>base64</code>, or <code>jsonParsed</code>. Los usuarios de web3js deben usar <a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">getParsedProgramAccounts<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>(optional) <code>dataSlice</code>: <code>object</code> - Configuración para limitar los datos que se retornan: <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Número de bytes en los datos de la cuenta donde iniciar</li><li><code>length</code>: <code>number</code> - Número de bytes de datos de la cuenta a devolver</li></ul></li><li>(optional) <code>filters</code>: <code>array</code> - Configuración para filtrar los resultados: <ul><li><code>memcmp</code>: <code>object</code> - Coincidencia de bytes con los datos de la cuenta: <ul><li><code>offset</code>: <code>number</code> - Número de bytes en los datos de la cuenta donde empezar a comparar</li><li><code>bytes</code>: <code>string</code> - Datos a comparar, como cadena codificada en base58 limitada a 129 bytes</li></ul></li><li><code>dataSize</code>: <code>number</code> - Compara la longitud de los datos de la cuenta con el tamaño de datos proporcionado</li></ul></li><li>(optional) <code>withContext</code>: <code>boolean</code> - Envuelve el resultado en un <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#rpcresponse-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Objeto JSON RpcResponse<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="respuesta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#respuesta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Respuesta</h5><p>Por defecto <code>getProgramAccounts</code> devolverá una matriz de objetos JSON con la siguiente estructura:</p><ul><li><code>pubkey</code>: <code>string</code> - La clave pública de la cuenta codificada en base58</li><li><code>account</code>: <code>object</code> - un objeto JSON, con los siguientes subcampos: <ul><li><code>lamports</code>: <code>number</code> - número de lamports asignado a la cuenta</li><li><code>owner</code>: <code>string</code> - La clave pública del programa al que se ha asignado la cuenta codificada en base58</li><li><code>data</code>: <code>string</code> | <code>object</code> - datos asociados con la cuenta, ya sea como datos binarios o en formato JSON según el parámetro de codificación proporcionado</li><li><code>executable</code>: <code>boolean</code> - Indicación si la cuenta contiene un programa</li><li><code>rentEpoch</code>: <code>number</code> - La época en la que esta cuenta adeudará alquiler</li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id="un-vistazo-mas-profundo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Un vistazo más profundo</h2><p><code>getProgramAccounts</code> es un método RPC versátil que devuelve todas las cuentas propiedad de un programa. Podemos usar <code>getProgramAccounts</code> para una serie de consultas útiles, como encontrar:</p><ul><li>Todas las cuentas de token para una billetera en particular</li><li>Todas las cuentas para un mint en particular (ej. Todos los titulares (holders) de <a href="https://www.projectserum.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">SRM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li><li>Todas las cuentas para un programa en particular (ej. Todos los usuarios de <a href="https://mango.markets/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Mango<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>)</li></ul><p>A pesar de su utilidad, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> a menudo se malinterpreta debido a sus limitaciones actuales. Muchas de las consultas admitidas por <code>getProgramAccounts</code> requieren nodos RPC para escanear grandes conjuntos de datos. Estos escaneos consumen muchos recursos y memoria. Como resultado, las llamadas que son demasiado frecuentes o de un alcance demasiado grande pueden provocar tiempos de espera mayores al permitido (timeouts). Además, en el momento de escribir este artículo, el extremo <code>getProgramAccounts</code> no admite la paginación. Si los resultados de una consulta son demasiado grandes, la respuesta se truncará.</p><p>Para resolver temporalmente estas restricciones, <code>getProgramAccounts</code> ofrece una serie de parámetros útiles: por ejemplo, <code>dataSlice</code> y las opciones de <code>filtros</code> <code>memcmp</code> y <code>dataSize</code>. Al proporcionar combinaciones de estos parámetros, podemos reducir el alcance de nuestras consultas a tamaños manejables y predecibles.</p><p>Un ejemplo común de <code>getProgramAccounts</code> consiste en interactuar con el <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programa de tokens SPL<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Solicitar todas las cuentas propiedad del Programa Token con una <a href="/es/references/accounts.html#get-program-accounts" class="">llamada básica</a> implicaría una enorme cantidad de datos. Sin embargo, al proporcionar parámetros, podemos solicitar de manera eficiente solo los datos que pretendemos utilizar.</p><h4 id="filters" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#filters" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>filters</code></h4><p>El parámetro más común para usar con <code>getProgramAccounts</code> es la matriz <code>filters</code>. Esta matriz acepta dos tipos de filtros, <code>dataSize</code> y <code>memcmp</code>. Antes de usar cualquiera de estos filtros, debemos estar familiarizados con la forma en que se distribuyen y serializan los datos que solicitamos.</p><h4 id="datasize" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#datasize" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>dataSize</code></h4><p>En el caso del Programa Token (Token Program), podemos ver que <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/08d9999f997a8bf38719679be9d572f119d0d960/token/program/src/state.rs#L86-L106" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">las cuentas de token tienen una longitud de 165 bytes<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. Específicamente, una cuenta de token tiene ocho campos diferentes, y cada campo requiere una cantidad predecible de bytes. Podemos visualizar cómo se distribuyen estos datos usando la siguiente ilustración.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-size.398f17bf.png" alt="Tamaño de la cuenta"></p><p>Si quisiéramos encontrar todas las cuentas de token que pertenecen a nuestra dirección de billetera, podríamos agregar <code>{ dataSize: 165 }</code> a nuestra matriz de <code>filtros</code> para limitar el alcance de nuestra consulta a solo cuentas que tengan exactamente 165 bytes de longitud. Esto solo, sin embargo, sería insuficiente. También necesitaríamos agregar un filtro que busque cuentas propiedad de nuestra dirección. Podemos lograr esto con el filtro <code>memcmp</code>.</p><h4 id="memcmp" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#memcmp" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>memcmp</code></h4><p>El filtro <code>memcmp</code>, o filtro de "comparación de memoria", nos permite comparar datos en cualquier campo almacenado en nuestra cuenta. Específicamente, solo podemos consultar cuentas que coincidan con un conjunto de bytes en una posición específica. <code>memcmp</code> requiere dos argumentos:</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: La posición para comenzar a comparar datos. Esta posición se mide en bytes y se expresa como un número entero.</li><li><code>bytes</code>: Los datos que deben coincidir con los datos de la cuenta. Esto se representa como una cadena codificada en base 58 que debe limitarse a menos de 129 bytes.</li></ul><p>Es importante tener en cuenta que <code>memcmp</code> solo devolverá resultados que coincidan exactamente en <code>bytes</code>. Actualmente, no admite comparaciones de valores menores o mayores que los "bytes" que proporcionamos.</p><p>De acuerdo con nuestro ejemplo del Programa de tokens, podemos modificar nuestra consulta para que solo devuelva las cuentas de tokens que pertenecen a nuestra dirección de billetera. Al observar una cuenta de token, podemos ver que los dos primeros campos almacenados en una cuenta de token son claves públicas y que cada clave pública tiene una longitud de 32 bytes. Dado que <code>owner</code> es el segundo campo, deberíamos comenzar nuestro <code>memcmp</code> en un <code>offset</code> de 32 bytes. A partir de aquí, buscaremos cuentas cuyo campo de propietario coincida con la dirección de nuestra billetera.</p><p><img src="/assets/memcmp.c5e1f050.png" alt="Tamaño de la cuenta"></p><p>Podemos hacer esta búsqueda utilizando el siguiente ejemplo:</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getParsedProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Found </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> token account(s) for wallet </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">forEach</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">-- Token Account Address </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>i <span class="token operator">+</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>pubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toString</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> --</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Mint: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"mint"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Amount: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"parsed"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"info"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"tokenAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">"uiAmount"</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T:
-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --
Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK
Amount: 1
-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --
Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
Amount: 3
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_filter<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token namespace">program_pack<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">Pack</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">state<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_account_decoder<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_WALLET_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DataSize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Found {:?} token account(s) for wallet {MY_WALLET_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>i<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">in</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">iter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">enumerate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"-- Token Account Address {:?}: {:?} --"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> i<span class="token punctuation">,</span> account<span class="token number">.0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint_token_account <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Account</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>account<span class="token number">.1</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Mint: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint_account_data <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_account_data</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">&</span>mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> mint <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Mint</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">unpack_from_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mint_account_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_slice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Amount: {:?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> mint_token_account<span class="token punctuation">.</span>amount <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">f64</span> <span class="token operator">/</span><span class="token number">10usize</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">pow</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>mint<span class="token punctuation">.</span>decimals <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">u32</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token keyword">as</span> <span class="token keyword">f64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Found 2 token account(s) for wallet FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T:
-- Token Account Address 0: H12yCcKLHFJFfohkeKiN8v3zgaLnUMwRcnJTyB4igAsy --
Mint: CKKDsBT6KiT4GDKs3e39Ue9tDkhuGUKM3cC2a7pmV9YK
Amount: 1.0
-- Token Account Address 1: Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb --
Mint: BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
Amount: 3.0
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "getProgramAccounts",
"params": [
"TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",
{
"encoding": "jsonParsed",
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 165
},
{
"memcmp": {
"offset": 32,
"bytes": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T"
}
}
]
}
]
}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output: </span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "result": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "parsed": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "info": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "isNative": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "mint": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "FriELggez2Dy3phZeHHAdpcoEXkKQVkv6tx3zDtCVP8T",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "state": "initialized",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "tokenAmount": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "amount": "998999999000000000",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "decimals": 9,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "uiAmount": 998999999,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "uiAmountString": "998999999"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "type": "account"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "program": "spl-token",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "space": 165</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "id": 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><h3 id="dataslice" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#dataslice" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <code>dataSlice</code></h3><p>Además de los dos parámetros de filtro, el tercer parámetro más común para <code>getProgramAccounts</code> es <code>dataSlice</code>. A diferencia del parámetro <code>filters</code>, <code>dataSlice</code> no reducirá el número de cuentas devueltas por una consulta. En cambio, <code>dataSlice</code> limitará la cantidad de datos para cada cuenta.</p><p>Así como <code>memcmp</code>, <code>dataSlice</code> acepta dos argumentos:</p><ul><li><code>offset</code>: La posición (en número de bytes) en la que comenzar a devolver los datos de la cuenta</li><li><code>length</code>: El número de bytes que se deben devolver</li></ul><p><code>dataSlice</code> es particularmente útil cuando ejecutamos consultas en un gran conjunto de datos pero en realidad no nos preocupamos por los datos de la cuenta en sí. Un ejemplo de esto sería si quisiéramos encontrar la cantidad de cuentas de token (es decir, la cantidad de titulares o holders) para un mint específico.</p><div class="code-group"><div class="code-group__nav"><ul class="code-group__ul"><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab code-group__nav-tab-active" ariapressed="true" ariaexpanded="true">TS</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">Rust Client</button></li><li class="code-group__li"><button class="code-group__nav-tab" ariapressed="false" ariaexpanded="false">cURL</button></li></ul></div><!--[--><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> <span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/spl-token"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token constant">TOKEN_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// new PublicKey("TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA")</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSlice<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
length<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
filters<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
dataSize<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
memcmp<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
bytes<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// base58 encoded string</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span><span class="token string">Found </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span>length<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> token account(s) for mint </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">${</span><span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output (notice the empty <Buffer > at acccount.data)
Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf
[
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: a8aca7a3132e74db2ca37bfcd66f4450f4631a5464b62fffbd83c48ef814d8d7>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: ce3b7b906c2ff6c6b62dc4798136ec017611078443918b2fad1cadff3c2e0448>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer >,
executable: false,
lamports: 2039280,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: d4560e42cb24472b0e1203ff4b0079d6452b19367b701643fa4ac33e0501cb1>
}
}
]
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_client<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_filter<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token namespace">rpc_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_sdk<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token namespace">commitment_config<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">use</span> <span class="token namespace">solana_account_decoder<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token punctuation">{</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">UiDataSliceConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">pub</span> <span class="token keyword">fn</span> <span class="token function-definition function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token keyword">str</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> rpc_url <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"http://api.devnet.solana.com"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcClient</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new_with_commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>rpc_url<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">CommitmentConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">confirmed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> filters <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token macro property">vec!</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Memcmp</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token class-name">MemcmpEncodedBytes</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">to_string</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcFilterType</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">DataSize</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">165</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">get_program_accounts_with_config</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">spl_token<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token constant">ID</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
filters<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
account_config<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
data_slice<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiDataSliceConfig</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
offset<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
length<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// number of bytes</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
encoding<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">UiAccountEncoding</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token class-name">Base64</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
commitment<span class="token punctuation">:</span> <span class="token class-name">Some</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">commitment</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcAccountInfoConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">..</span><span class="token class-name">RpcProgramAccountsConfig</span><span class="token punctuation">::</span><span class="token function">default</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"Found {:?} token account(s) for mint {MY_TOKEN_MINT_ADDRESS}: "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">len</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token macro property">println!</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"{:#?}"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output (notice zero `len` in `data` of `Account`s)
Found 3 token account(s) for mint BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf:
[
(
tofD3NzLfZ5pWG91JcnbfsAbfMcFF2SRRp3ChnjeTcL,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 319,
},
),
(
CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 318,
},
),
(
Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb,
Account {
lamports: 2039280,
data.len: 0,
owner: TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA,
executable: false,
rent_epoch: 318,
},
),
]
*/</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br><span class="line-number">46</span><br><span class="line-number">47</span><br><span class="line-number">48</span><br><span class="line-number">49</span><br><span class="line-number">50</span><br><span class="line-number">51</span><br><span class="line-number">52</span><br><span class="line-number">53</span><br><span class="line-number">54</span><br><span class="line-number">55</span><br><span class="line-number">56</span><br><span class="line-number">57</span><br><span class="line-number">58</span><br><span class="line-number">59</span><br><span class="line-number">60</span><br><span class="line-number">61</span><br><span class="line-number">62</span><br><span class="line-number">63</span><br><span class="line-number">64</span><br><span class="line-number">65</span><br><span class="line-number">66</span><br><span class="line-number">67</span><br><span class="line-number">68</span><br><span class="line-number">69</span><br><span class="line-number">70</span><br><span class="line-number">71</span><br><span class="line-number">72</span><br><span class="line-number">73</span><br><span class="line-number">74</span><br><span class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><div class="code-group-item code-group-item__active" aria-selected="true"><!--[--><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token comment"># Note: encoding only available for "base58", "base64" or "base64+zstd"</span>
<span class="token function">curl</span> http://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com -X POST -H <span class="token string">"Content-Type: application/json"</span> -d <span class="token string">'
{
"jsonrpc": "2.0",
"id": 1,
"method": "getProgramAccounts",
"params": [
"TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",
{
"encoding": "base64",
"dataSlice": {
"offset": 0,
"length": 0
},
"filters": [
{
"dataSize": 165
},
{
"memcmp": {
"offset": 0,
"bytes": "BUGuuhPsHpk8YZrL2GctsCtXGneL1gmT5zYb7eMHZDWf"
}
}
]
}
]
}
'</span>
<span class="token comment"># Output:</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "jsonrpc": "2.0",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "result": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "FqWyVSLQgyRWyG1FuUGtHdTQHrEaBzXh1y9K6uPVTRZ4"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "CMSC2GeWDsTPjfnhzCZHEqGRjKseBhrWaC2zNcfQQuGS"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 314</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "61NfACb21WvuEzxyiJoxBrivpiLQ79gLBxzFo85BiJ2U"</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "account": {</span>
<span class="token comment"># "data": [</span>
<span class="token comment"># "",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "base64"</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "executable": false,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "lamports": 2039280,</span>
<span class="token comment"># "owner": "TokenkegQfeZyiNwAJbNbGKPFXCWuBvf9Ss623VQ5DA",</span>
<span class="token comment"># "rentEpoch": 313</span>
<span class="token comment"># },</span>
<span class="token comment"># "pubkey": "Et3bNDxe2wP1yE5ao6mMvUByQUHg8nZTndpJNvfKLdCb"</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
<span class="token comment"># ],</span>
<span class="token comment"># "id": 1</span>
<span class="token comment"># }</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span 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class="line-number">75</span><br><span class="line-number">76</span><br><span class="line-number">77</span><br><span class="line-number">78</span><br><span class="line-number">79</span><br><span class="line-number">80</span><br><span class="line-number">81</span><br><span class="line-number">82</span><br><span class="line-number">83</span><br><span class="line-number">84</span><br><span class="line-number">85</span><br><span class="line-number">86</span><br><span class="line-number">87</span><br><span class="line-number">88</span><br><span class="line-number">89</span><br></div></div><!--]--></div><!--]--></div><p>Al combinar los tres parámetros (<code>dataSlice</code>, <code>dataSize</code> y <code>memcmp</code>) podemos limitar el alcance de nuestra consulta y devolver de manera eficiente solo los datos que nos interesan.</p><h2 id="otros-recursos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#otros-recursos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Otros recursos</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api#getprogramaccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación del API RPC<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación de Web3js<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/classes/Connection.html#getParsedProgramAccounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación de Web3js convertido a JSON<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 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aria-label="Renta"><!--[--><!--]--> Renta <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html#otros-recursos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Otros recursos"><!--[--><!--]--> Otros recursos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html#creditos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Creditos"><!--[--><!--]--> Creditos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a 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usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="cuentas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cuentas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cuentas</h1><p>Las Cuentas en Solana son usadas para almacenar el estado. Son una pieza fundamental en el desarrollo de programas en Solana.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Lista de hechos</p><ul><li>Las cuentas son usadas para almacenar estado</li><li>Cada cuenta tiene una dirección única</li><li>Las cuentas tienen un tamaño máximo de 10MB (10 Mega Bytes)</li><li>Las cuentas de direcciones derivadas de programa (PDA) tienen un tamaño máximo de 10KB (10 Kilo Bytes)</li><li>Las cuentas de direcciones derivadas de programa (PDA) pueden ser usadas para firmar a nombre de un programa</li><li>Los tamaños de las cuentas son definidos al momento de la creación, pero pueden ser ajustados usando <a href="https://solanacookbook.com/references/programs.html#how-to-change-account-size" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">realloc<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>El almacenamiento de datos en una cuenta es pagado con la renta</li><li>El dueño por defecto de una cuenta es el programa del sistema (System Program)</li></ul></div><h2 id="un-vistazo-mas-profundo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Un vistazo más profundo</h2><h3 id="el-modelo-de-una-cuenta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#el-modelo-de-una-cuenta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> El modelo de una cuenta</h3><p>Hay 3 tipos de cuentas en Solana:</p><ul><li>Cuentas de datos para almacenar datos</li><li>Cuentas de programas para almacenar programas ejecutables</li><li>Cuentas nativas para los programas nativos de Solana como System, Stake, y Vote</li></ul><p>En las cuentas de datos hay 2 tipos:</p><ul><li>Cuentas de propiedad del sistema (System owned accounts)</li><li>Cuentas de direcciones derivadas de programa o PDA (Program Derived Address)</li></ul><p>Cada cuenta tiene una dirección (usualmente una llave pública) y un dueño (dirección de la cuenta del programa). La lista completa de los campos que tiene una cuenta se encuentra a continuación.</p><table><thead><tr><th>Field</th><th>Description</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lamports</td><td>El número de lamports que tiene la cuenta</td></tr><tr><td>owner</td><td>El programa dueño de esa cuenta</td></tr><tr><td>executable</td><td>Indica si la cuenta procesa transacciones</td></tr><tr><td>data</td><td>El array de bytes de datos que tiene la cuenta</td></tr><tr><td>rent_epoch</td><td>La siguiente época que esta cuenta deberá renta</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Hay algunos reglas importantes de propiedad de la cuenta:</p><ul><li>Solo el dueño de la cuenta de datos puede modificar sus datos y debitar lamports</li><li>Cualquier puede enviar lamports a una cuenta de datos</li><li>El duseño de la cuenta puede asignar un nuevo dueño si la cuenta no tiene datos</li></ul><p>Las cuentas de programa no almacenan datos.</p><p>Por ejemplo, si existiera un programa que cuenta que permite incrementar el contador, debes crear 2 cuentas, una para almacenar el código del programa (ejecutable) y otra para almacenar el contador (no ejecutable).</p><p><img src="/assets/account_example.5b70d95a.jpeg" alt=""></p><p>Para evitar que las cuentas sean elmininadas se debe pagar renta.</p><h3 id="renta" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#renta" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Renta</h3><p>Almacenar datos en las cuentas cuesta SOL para mantenerlas y es pagado a través de las rentas. Si mantienes un balance mínimo equivalente a 2 años de renta en la cuenta, la cuenta no tendrá que pagar renta, como un depósito de garantía. Luego puedes obtener de vuelta el valor de la renta al cerrar la cuenta y enviar los lamports hacia tu wallet.</p><p>La renta es pagada en dos momentos:</p><ol><li>Cuando es iniciado por una transacción</li><li>Una vez por época (cantidad de slots)</li></ol><p>Un porcentaje de las rentas es eliminado y el resto es distribuido para votar al final de cada slot.</p><p>Si la cuenta no tiene suficiente renta para pagar, la cuenta será eliminada junto con sus datos.</p><h2 id="otros-recursos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#otros-recursos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Otros recursos</h2><ul><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/zh-cn/docs/account-model/#account-storage" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Modelo de cuentas de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación oficial<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip/status/1452402100470644739" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Hilo de la cuenta de Twitter de pencilflip<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><h3 id="creditos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#creditos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Creditos</h3><p>El concepto de cuentas es gracias a Pencilflip. <a href="https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=pencilflip" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Pueden seguir a Penciflip en Twitter<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><!----><span class="next"><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html#hechos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Hechos"><!--[--><!--]--> Hechos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html#generando-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Generando PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Generando PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html#interactuando-con-pdas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con PDAs"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con PDAs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="direcciones-derivadas-de-programa-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#direcciones-derivadas-de-programa-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)</h1><p>Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) son cuentas diseñadas específicamente para ser controladas por programas. Con PDAs, los programas puede firmar para ciertas direcciones sin la necesidad de una llave privada. PDAs sirven como la base para la <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#cross-program-invocations" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Invocación entre programas<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>, que permite la composición entre apps de Solana.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Hola de hechos</p><ul><li>PDAs son cadenas de 32 bytes que lucen como llaves públicas pero no tienen una llave privada relacionada</li><li><code>findProgramAddress</code> deriva de forma determinista un PDA de un programId y unas semillas (colección de bytes)</li><li>Un bump (un byte) es usado para empujar a un potencial PDA fuera de la curva elíptica ed25519</li><li>Los programas pueden firmar por sus PDAs usando sus seeds y bump <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-signed-accounts" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">invoke_signed<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Un PDA solo puede ser firmado por el programa del cual ha sido derivada</li><li>Además de permitir a los programas firmar diferentes instrucciones, PDAs también brindan una interfaz tipo hashmap para <a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="">indexar cuentas</a></li></ul></div><h1 id="un-vistazo-mas-profundo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Un vistazo más profundo</h1><p>Los PDA son un componente esencial para desarrollar programas en Solana. Con las PDA, los programas pueden firmar cuentas mientras garantizan que ningún usuario externo pueda generar una firma válida para la misma. Además de firmar cuentas, ciertos programas también pueden modificar cuentas en sus PDA.</p><p><img src="/assets/account-matrix.c3a79f80.png" alt="Accounts matrix"></p><p><small style="text-align:center;display:block;">Image courtesy of <a href="https://twitter.com/pencilflip">Pencilflip</a></small></p><h3 id="generando-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generando-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Generando PDAs</h3><p>Para entender el concepto detrás de las PDA, puede ser útil considerar que las PDA no se crean técnicamente, sino que se encuentran. Los PDA se generan a partir de una combinación de semillas (como la cadena <code>“vote_account”</code>) y un id de programa. Esta combinación de semillas y de un id de programa luego se ejecuta a través de una función hash sha256 para ver si generan o no una clave pública que se encuentra en la curva elíptica ed25519.</p><p>Al ejecutar el id del programa y las semillas de nuestro programa a través de una función hash, hay una probabilidad de ~50% de que en realidad terminemos con una clave pública válida que se encuentre en la curva elíptica. En este caso, simplemente agregamos algo para modificar un poco nuestra entrada y lo intentamos de nuevo. El término técnico para este algo es un bump. En Solana, comenzamos con bump = 255 y simplemente iteramos hacia abajo, bump = 254, bump = 253, etc. hasta que obtengamos una dirección que no esté en la curva elíptica. Esto puede parecer rudimentario, pero una vez encontrado nos da una forma determinista de derivar el mismo PDA una y otra vez.</p><p><img src="/assets/pda-curve.7c0b9307.png" alt="PDA en la curva elíptica"></p><h3 id="interactuando-con-pdas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#interactuando-con-pdas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Interactuando con PDAs</h3><p>Cuando un PDA es generado, <code>findProgramAddress</code> retorna la dirección y el bump usado para sacar la dirección fuera de la curva elíptica. Con el bump, un programa puede <a href="/es/references/accounts.html#sign-with-a-pda" class="">firmar</a> por cualquier transacción que requiera el PDA. Para firmar, los programas deben pasar la instrucción, la lista de las cuentas, las semillas y el bump usado para derivar el PDA a la función <code>invoke_signed</code>. Además de firmar para instrucciones, PDAs también deben firmar su propia creación con <code>invoke_signed</code>.</p><p>Cuando se crean PDAs, es común <a href="https://github.com/solana-labs/solana-program-library/blob/78e29e9238e555967b9125799d7d420d7d12b959/token-swap/program/src/state.rs#L100" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">guardar el bump y los seeds<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> en los datos de la misma cuenta. Esto permite a los desarrolladores validar fácilmente un PDA sin tener que enviar el bump como argumento en la instrucción.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación oficial<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://www.brianfriel.xyz/understanding-program-derived-addresses/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Entendiendo las direcciones derivadas de programa<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><!----></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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<!--[--><!--]--></a></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></div></div><!--]--></nav><!--[--><!--]--><ul class="sidebar-items"><!--[--><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Primeros pasos <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Libro de recetas de Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Libro de recetas de Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/getting-started/installation.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Instalación"><!--[--><!--]--> Instalación <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading active">Conceptos clave <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active router-link-active sidebar-item active" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html#hechos" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Hechos"><!--[--><!--]--> Hechos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Un vistazo más profundo"><!--[--><!--]--> Un vistazo más profundo <!--[--><!--]--></a><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html#programas-nativos-la-libreria-de-programas-de-solana-spl" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Programas nativos & La librería de Programas de Solana (SPL)"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas nativos & La librería de Programas de Solana (SPL) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html#escribiendo-programas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html#desplegando-programas" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Desplegando Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Desplegando Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programas</h1><p>Cualquier desarrollador puede escribir e implementar programas en la cadena de bloques de Solana. Los programas (conocidos como contratos inteligentes en otros protocolos) sirven como base para la actividad dentro de la cadena de bloques, potenciando desde DeFi y NFTs hasta redes sociales y juegos.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Hoja de hechos</p><ul><li>Los programas procesan <a href="./transactions">instrucciones</a> de otros programas y de usuarios finales</li><li>Todos los programas son <em>stateless</em> (sin estado): Los datos con los que interactúan son almacenados en <a href="/es/core-concepts/accounts.html" class="">cuentas</a> que son enviadas al programa en instrucciones</li><li>Los mismos programas son almacenadas en cuentas marcadas como <code>executable</code> (ejecutables)</li><li>El dueño de todos los programas es <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> y es ejectuado por el <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Runtime de Solana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Los programadores comunmente utilizan Rust y C++ para escribir programas, pero pueden elegir cualquier lenguaje que compile con el backend de <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Packet_Filter" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">BPF<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> para <a href="https://llvm.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">LLVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li>Todos los programas tienen un punto único de entrada donde se procesan las instrucciones (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>); los parámetros siempre incluyen: <ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul></li></ul></div><h2 id="un-vistazo-mas-profundo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Un vistazo más profundo</h2><p>A diferencia de la mayoría de cadenas de bloques, Solana separa completamente el código de los datos. Todos los datos con los que interactúan los programas se almacenan en cuentas separadas y se envían a través de instrucciones. Este modelo permite que un único programa genérico funcione en varias cuentas sin necesidad de implementaciones adicionales. Se ven ejemplos comunes de este patrón en los programas nativos y SPL.</p><h3 id="programas-nativos-la-libreria-de-programas-de-solana-spl" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#programas-nativos-la-libreria-de-programas-de-solana-spl" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Programas nativos & La librería de Programas de Solana (SPL)</h3><p>Solana viene equipado con programas que sirven como bloques de construcción para interactuar con la cadena de bloques. Estos programas están dividos en <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programas nativos<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> y <a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programas de la librería de programas (SPL)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>.</p><p>Los programas nativos brindan la funcionalidad base que es requerida para operar validadores. Entre estos programas el más conocido es el <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programa del sistema (System Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> que es responsable de administrar las cuentas y transferir SOL.</p><p>Los programas de la librería de programas soportan otras actividades dentro de la cadena de bloques como crear tokens, intercambiarlos, prestar tokens, así como generar pools de staking y mantener el servicio de nombres dentro de la cadena de bloques. El <a href="https://spl.solana.com/token" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programa de Token (SPL Token Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> puede ser invocado directamente desde el CLI (Command Line Interface), mientras que otros como el <a href="https://spl.solana.com/associated-token-account" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programa de cuentas asociadas a token (Associated Token Account Program)<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> son usados dentro de otros programas.</p><h3 id="escribiendo-programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#escribiendo-programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Escribiendo programas</h3><p>Los Programas están escritos comunmente en Rust o C++, pero pueden ser desarrollado con cualquier lenguaje que compile al backend BPF de LLVM. Iniciativas recientes de <a href="https://neon-labs.org/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Neon Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> y <a href="https://solang.readthedocs.io/en/latest/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Solang<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> habilitan la compatibilidad con <a href="https://ethereum.org/en/developers/docs/evm/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">EVM<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> para permitir a desarrolladores escribir programas con Solidity.</p><p>La mayoría de programas de Rust siguen la siguiente arquitectura:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Arcguvi</th><th>Descripción</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lib.rs</td><td>Registro de módulos</td></tr><tr><td>entrypoint.rs</td><td>Punto de entrada para el programa</td></tr><tr><td>instruction.rs</td><td>API del programa, deserializa las instrucciones</td></tr><tr><td>processor.rs</td><td>Lógica del programa</td></tr><tr><td>state.rs</td><td>Objetos del programa, deserializa el estado</td></tr><tr><td>error.rs</td><td>Errores específicos del programa</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Recientemente, <a href="https://project-serum.github.io/anchor/getting-started/introduction.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Anchor<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> se ha convertido en el framework más popular para desarrollar programas. Anchor es un framework que reduce el boilerplate y facilita la deserialización para los programas desarrollados en Rust.</p><p>Los programas normalmente son desarrollados y testeados en los entornos Localhost y Devnet antes de ser desplegados a Testnet y Mainnet. Solana soporta los siguientes entornos:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Entorno del cluster</th><th>URL de conexión RPC</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mainnet-beta</td><td>https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Testnet</td><td>https://api.testnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Devnet</td><td>https://api.devnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Localhost</td><td>Default port: 8899 (e.g. http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899)</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Una vez desplegado a un entorno, los clientes pueden interactuar con el programa dentro de la cadena de bloques utilizando <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Conexiones RPC<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> apuntando al cluster correspondiente.</p><h3 id="desplegando-programas" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#desplegando-programas" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Desplegando Programas</h3><p>Los desarrolladores pueden desplegar sus programas utilizando el <a href="https://docs.solana.com/cli/deploy-a-program" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">CLI<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program deploy <span class="token operator"><</span>PROGRAM_FILEPATH<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Cuando un programa es desplegado, es compilado a un <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">ELF shared object<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> (conteniendo el bytecode de BPF) y subido al cluster de Solana. Los Programas viven en cuentas (como casi todo en Solana), con la excepción de aquellas marcadas como <code>executable</code> y asignadas al BPF Loader. La dirección del programa desplegada se llama <code>program_id</code> y es usada para llamar al programa.</p><p>Solana soporta múltiples BPF Loaders, siendo el último el <a href="https://explorer.solana.com/address/BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Upgradable BPF Loader<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. El BPF Loader es responsable de administrar las cuentas del programa y hacerlas accesibles a los clientes a través del <code>program_id</code>. Todos los programas tienen un único punto de entrada donde se procesan las instrucciones (i.e. <code>process_instruction</code>) y los parámetros siempre incluyen:</p><ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul><p>Una vez llamado, los Programas son ejecutados por el Runtime de Solana.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación oficial<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://spl.solana.com/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación de SPL<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Program-deploys-29780c48794c47308d5f138074dd9838" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Despliegue de Programas por Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://book.solmeet.dev/notes/solana-starter-kit" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Kit de inicio de Solana por Iron Addicted Dog<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Programando en Solana por Paulx<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 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class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Cargos (fees)"><!--[--><!--]--> Cargos (fees) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a aria-current="page" href="/es/core-concepts/transactions.html#other-resources" class="router-link-active router-link-exact-active sidebar-item" aria-label="Other Resources"><!--[--><!--]--> Other Resources <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Guías <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/guides/get-program-accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Obtener cuentas de programa"><!--[--><!--]--> Obtener cuentas de programa <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/serialization.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Serializando datos"><!--[--><!--]--> Serializando datos <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/data-migration.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Migrando cuentas de datos de programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Migrando cuentas de datos de programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/account-maps.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cómo usar Map en cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cómo usar Map en cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/debugging-solana-programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Depurando Programas en Solana"><!--[--><!--]--> Depurando Programas en Solana <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/guides/feature-parity-testing.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Prueba de paridad de características"><!--[--><!--]--> Prueba de paridad de características <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><li><p tabindex="0" class="sidebar-item sidebar-heading">Referencias <!----></p><!--[--><ul style="" class="sidebar-item-children"><!--[--><li><a href="/es/references/local-development.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Desarrollo en entorno local"><!--[--><!--]--> Desarrollo en entorno local <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/keypairs-and-wallets.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Pares de llaves y billeteras"><!--[--><!--]--> Pares de llaves y billeteras <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/basic-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/accounts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Cuentas"><!--[--><!--]--> Cuentas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/programs.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Escribiendo Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Escribiendo Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/token.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Interactuando con tokens"><!--[--><!--]--> Interactuando con tokens <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/staking.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Staking"><!--[--><!--]--> Staking <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/nfts.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="NFTs"><!--[--><!--]--> NFTs <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/offline-transactions.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Enviando transacciones offline"><!--[--><!--]--> Enviando transacciones offline <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><li><a href="/es/references/name-service.html" class="sidebar-item" aria-label="Servicio de nombres"><!--[--><!--]--> Servicio de nombres <!--[--><!--]--></a><!----></li><!--]--></ul><!--]--></li><!--]--></ul><!--[--><!--]--></aside><!--]--><!--[--><main class="page"><!--[--><!--]--><div class="theme-default-content"><!--[--><h1 id="transacciones" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transacciones" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transacciones</h1><p>Los clientes pueden invocar <a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="">programas</a> enviando una transacción a un cluster. Una transacción puede incluir múltiples instrucciones, cada una de ellas apuntando a un programa diferente. Cuando una transacción es enviada, el <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Runtime<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> de Solana procesará sus instrucciones en orden y de forma atómica. Si una parte de la transacción falla, toda la transacción fallará.</p><h2 id="hechos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#hechos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Hechos</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Hoja de hechos</p><ul><li>Las instrucciones son la unidad de operación más básica en Solana</li><li>Cada instrucción contiene: <ul><li>El <code>program_id</code> (id del programa) del programa al que apunta</li><li>Un arreglo de todas <code>accounts</code> (cuentas) donde va a leer o escribir</li><li>Un <code>instruction_data</code> (datos de la instrucción) que es un byte array para el programa específico</li></ul></li><li>Varias instrucciones pueden estar contenidas en una Transacción</li><li>Cada transacción consiste de: <ul><li>Un arreglo de todas <code>accounts</code> (cuentas) donde va a leer o escribir</li><li>Una o más <code>instructions</code> (instrucciones)</li><li>Un <code>blockhash</code> (hash de bloque) reciente</li><li>Una o más <code>signatures</code> (firmas)</li></ul></li><li>Las instrucciones son procesadas en orden y de forma atómica</li><li>Si una parte de la transacción falla, toda la transacción fallará</li><li>Las transacciones están limitadas a un máximo de 1232 bytes</li></ul></div><h2 id="un-vistazo-mas-profundo" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#un-vistazo-mas-profundo" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Un vistazo más profundo</h2><p>El Runtime de Solana requiere tanto de instrucciones como de transacciones para especificar una lista de todas las cuentas de las que va a leer o escribir. Al requerir estas cuentas por adelantado, el Runtime de Solana es capaz de paralelizar la ejecución en todas las transacciones.</p><p>Cuando se envía una transacción a un clúster, el Runtime de Solana procesará sus instrucciones en orden y de forma atómica. Para cada instrucción, el programa al que se invoca interpretará el arreglo de datos y operará en las cuentas especificadas. El programa retornará con éxito o un código de error. Si se devuelve un error, toda la transacción fallará inmediatamente.</p><p>Toda transacción que debite de una cuenta o modique sus datos requiere la firma del titular de la cuenta. Cualquier cuenta que se modificará será marcada como <code>writable</code>. Una cuenta puede recibir fondos sin el permiso del titular siempre que el pagador del cargo (fee) cubra la renta y las tarifas de transacción.</p><p>Antes de enviar una transacción se debe enviar un <a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">hash de bloque reciente<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a>. El hash de bloque reciente es usado para prevenir duplicados y eliminar transacciones obsoletas. El tiempo máximo del hash de bloque reciente de una transacción es de 150 bloques, o aproximadamente ~1 minuto 19 segundos al momento de escribir este artículo.</p><h3 id="cargos-fees" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cargos-fees" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Cargos (fees)</h3><p>La red de Solana colecta 2 tipos de cargos:</p><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/transaction_fees" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cargo por transacción<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> para propagar las transacciones (aka “gas fees”)</li><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cargo por renta<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a> por almacenar datos en la blockchain</li></ul><p>En Solana, los cargos son deterministas: no existe el concepto de un mercado de cargos en el que los usuarios puedan pagar tarifas más altas para aumentar sus posibilidades de ser incluidos en el siguiente bloque. Al momento de redactar este documento, las tarifas de transacción están determinadas únicamente por la cantidad de firmas requeridas (es decir, <code>lamports_per_signature</code>), no por la cantidad de recursos utilizados. Esto se debe a que actualmente existe un límite máximo de 1232 bytes en todas las transacciones.</p><p>Todas las transacciones requieren al menos una cuenta sea <code>writable</code> (escribible) para firmar la transacción. Una vez enviada, la cuenta del firmante que se serializa primero será el pagador del cargo (fee). Esta cuenta pagará el costo de la transacción sin importar si la transacción tiene éxito o falla. Si el pagador del cargo no tiene saldo suficiente para pagar la tarifa de transacción, la transacción se cancelará.</p><p>Al momento de escribir este artículo, el validador que produce el bloque cobra el 50% de todas las tarifas de transacción, mientras que el 50% restante se quema. Esta estructura funciona para incentivar a los validadores a procesar tantas transacciones como sea posible durante sus espacios en el programa líder.</p><h2 id="other-resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#other-resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Other Resources</h2><ul><li><a href="https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Documentación oficial<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://solana.wiki/docs/solidity-guide/transactions/#solana-transaction-structure" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Estructura de una transacción<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jstarry.notion.site/Transaction-Fees-f09387e6a8d84287aa16a34ecb58e239" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Cargos de una transacción por Justin Starry<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Introducción a Solana por Hana<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Procesamiento de una transacción por Jito Labs<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li><li><a href="https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Transacción en Solana en detalle por Alex Miller<span><svg class="external-link-icon" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" focusable="false" x="0px" y="0px" viewbox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path><polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg><span class="external-link-icon-sr-only">open in new window</span></span></a></li></ul><!--]--></div><footer class="page-meta"><!----><div class="meta-item last-updated"><span class="meta-item-label">Last Updated: </span><!----></div><div class="meta-item contributors"><span class="meta-item-label">Contributors: </span><span class="meta-item-info"><!--[--><!--[--><span class="contributor" title="email: [email protected]">Marco Ordonez</span><!----><!--]--><!--]--></span></div></footer><nav class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev"><a href="/es/core-concepts/programs.html" class="" aria-label="Programas"><!--[--><!--]--> Programas <!--[--><!--]--></a></span><span class="next"><a href="/es/core-concepts/pdas.html" class="" aria-label="Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs)"><!--[--><!--]--> Direcciones derivadas de programa (PDAs) <!--[--><!--]--></a></span></p></nav><!--[--><!--]--></main><!--]--></div><!----><!--]--></div>
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import{_ as l,r as o,o as i,c as n,a as t,b as r,F as d,e as s,d as e}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";var c="/assets/account_example.8a777374.png";const h={},p=s('<h1 id="\u8D26\u6237" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u8D26\u6237" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u8D26\u6237</h1><p>\u5728Solana\u4E2D\uFF0C\u8D26\u6237\u662F\u7528\u6765\u5B58\u50A8\u72B6\u6001\u7684\u3002\u8D26\u6237\u662FSolana\u5F00\u53D1\u4E2D\u975E\u5E38\u91CD\u8981\u7684\u6784\u6210\u8981\u7D20\u3002</p><h2 id="\u7EFC\u8FF0" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u7EFC\u8FF0" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u7EFC\u8FF0</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">\u8981\u70B9</p><ul><li>\u8D26\u6237\u662F\u7528\u6765\u5B58\u653E\u6570\u636E\u7684</li><li>\u6BCF\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u90FD\u6709\u4E00\u4E2A\u72EC\u4E00\u65E0\u4E8C\u7684\u5730\u5740</li><li>\u6BCF\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u5927\u5C0F\u4E0D\u80FD\u8D85\u8FC710MB</li><li>\u7A0B\u5E8F\u6D3E\u751F\u8D26\u6237\u5927\u5C0F\u4E0D\u80FD\u8D85\u8FC710KB</li><li>\u7A0B\u5E8F\u6D3E\u751F\u8D26\u6237\u53EF\u4EE5\u7528\u5176\u5BF9\u5E94\u7A0B\u5E8F\u8FDB\u884C\u7B7E\u540D</li><li>\u8D26\u6237\u5927\u5C0F\u662F\u9759\u6001\u7684</li><li>\u8D26\u6237\u6570\u636E\u5B58\u50A8\u9700\u8981\u4ED8\u79DF\u91D1</li><li>\u9ED8\u8BA4\u7684\u8D26\u6237\u6240\u6709\u8005\u662F"\u7CFB\u7EDF\u7A0B\u5E8F"</li></ul></div><h2 id="\u6DF1\u5165" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u6DF1\u5165" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u6DF1\u5165</h2><h3 id="\u8D26\u6237\u6A21\u578B" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u8D26\u6237\u6A21\u578B" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u8D26\u6237\u6A21\u578B</h3><p>\u5728Solana\u4E2D\u6709\u4E09\u7C7B\u8D26\u6237\uFF1A</p><ul><li>\u6570\u636E\u8D26\u6237\uFF0C\u7528\u6765\u5B58\u50A8\u6570\u636E</li><li>\u7A0B\u5E8F\u8D26\u6237\uFF0C\u7528\u6765\u5B58\u50A8\u53EF\u6267\u884C\u7A0B\u5E8F</li><li>\u539F\u751F\u8D26\u6237\uFF0C\u6307Solana\u4E0A\u7684\u539F\u751F\u7A0B\u5E8F\uFF0C\u4F8B\u5982"System"\uFF0C"Stake"\uFF0C\u4EE5\u53CA"Vote"\u3002</li></ul><p>\u6570\u636E\u8D26\u6237\u53C8\u5206\u4E3A\u4E24\u7C7B\uFF1A</p><ul><li>\u7CFB\u7EDF\u6240\u6709\u8D26\u6237</li><li>\u7A0B\u5E8F\u6D3E\u751F\u8D26\u6237\uFF08PDA\uFF09</li></ul><p>\u6BCF\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u90FD\u6709\u4E00\u4E2A\u5730\u5740\uFF08\u4E00\u822C\u60C5\u51B5\u4E0B\u662F\u4E00\u4E2A\u516C\u94A5\uFF09\u4EE5\u53CA\u4E00\u4E2A\u6240\u6709\u8005\uFF08\u7A0B\u5E8F\u8D26\u6237\u7684\u5730\u5740\uFF09\u3002 \u4E0B\u9762\u8BE6\u7EC6\u5217\u51FA\u4E00\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u5B58\u50A8\u7684\u5B8C\u6574\u5B57\u6BB5\u5217\u8868\u3002</p><table><thead><tr><th>\u5B57\u6BB5</th><th>\u63CF\u8FF0</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lamports</td><td>\u8FD9\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u62E5\u6709\u7684lamport\uFF08\u5170\u6CE2\u7279\uFF09\u6570\u91CF</td></tr><tr><td>owner</td><td>\u8FD9\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u7A0B\u5E8F</td></tr><tr><td>executable</td><td>\u8FD9\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u6210\u662F\u5426\u53EF\u4EE5\u5904\u7406\u6307\u4EE4</td></tr><tr><td>data</td><td>\u8FD9\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u5B58\u50A8\u7684\u6570\u636E\u7684\u5B57\u8282\u7801</td></tr><tr><td>rent_epoch</td><td>\u4E0B\u4E00\u4E2A\u9700\u8981\u4ED8\u79DF\u91D1\u7684epoch\uFF08\u4EE3\uFF09</td></tr></tbody></table><p>\u5173\u4E8E\u6240\u6709\u6743\uFF0C\u6709\u51E0\u6761\u91CD\u8981\u7684\u89C4\u5219\uFF1A</p><ul><li>\u53EA\u6709\u8D26\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u624D\u80FD\u6539\u53D8\u8D26\u6237\u4E2D\u7684\u6570\u636E\uFF0C\u63D0\u53D6lamport</li><li>\u4EFB\u4F55\u4EBA\u90FD\u53EF\u4EE5\u5411\u6570\u636E\u8D26\u6237\u4E2D\u5B58\u5165lamport</li><li>\u5F53\u8D26\u6237\u4E2D\u7684\u6570\u636E\u88AB\u62B9\u9664\u4E4B\u540E\uFF0C\u8D26\u6237\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005\u53EF\u4EE5\u6307\u5B9A\u65B0\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005</li></ul><p>\u7A0B\u5E8F\u8D26\u6237\u4E0D\u50A8\u5B58\u72B6\u6001\u3002</p><p>\u4F8B\u5982\uFF0C\u5047\u8BBE\u6709\u4E00\u4E2A\u8BA1\u6570\u7A0B\u5E8F\uFF0C\u8FD9\u4E2A\u7A0B\u5E8F\u7528\u6765\u4E3A\u4E00\u4E2A\u8BA1\u6570\u5668\u52A0\u6570\uFF0C\u4F60\u9700\u8981\u521B\u5EFA\u4E24\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\uFF0C\u4E00\u4E2A\u7528\u4E8E\u5B58\u50A8\u7A0B\u5E8F\u7684\u4EE3\u7801\uFF0C \u53E6\u4E00\u4E2A\u7528\u4E8E\u5B58\u50A8\u8BA1\u6570\u5668\u672C\u8EAB\u3002</p><p><img src="'+c+'" alt=""></p><p>\u4E3A\u4E86\u907F\u514D\u8D26\u6237\u88AB\u5220\u9664\uFF0C\u5FC5\u987B\u4ED8\u79DF\u91D1\u3002</p><h3 id="\u79DF\u91D1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u79DF\u91D1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u79DF\u91D1</h3><p>\u5728\u8D26\u6237\u4E2D\u5B58\u50A8\u6570\u636E\u9700\u8981\u82B1\u8D39SOL\u6765\u7EF4\u6301\uFF0C\u8FD9\u90E8\u5206\u82B1\u8D39\u7684SOL\u88AB\u79F0\u4F5C\u79DF\u91D1\u3002\u5982\u679C\u4F60\u5728\u4E00\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u4E2D\u5B58\u5165\u5927\u4E8E\u4E24\u5E74\u79DF\u91D1\u7684SOL\uFF0C \u8FD9\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u5C31\u53EF\u4EE5\u88AB\u8C41\u514D\u4ED8\u79DF\u3002\u79DF\u91D1\u53EF\u4EE5\u901A\u8FC7\u5173\u95ED\u8D26\u6237\u7684\u65B9\u5F0F\u6765\u53D6\u56DE\u3002lamport\u4F1A\u88AB\u8FD4\u8FD8\u56DE\u4F60\u7684\u94B1\u5305\u3002</p><p>\u79DF\u91D1\u5728\u8FD9\u4E24\u4E2A\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u65F6\u95F4\u70B9\u88AB\u652F\u53D6\uFF1A</p><ol><li>\u88AB\u4E00\u4E2A\u4EA4\u6613\u5F15\u7528\u7684\u65F6\u5019</li><li>epoch\u66F4\u8FED\u65F6</li></ol><p>\u6536\u53D6\u7684\u79DF\u91D1\uFF0C\u4E00\u5B9A\u767E\u5206\u6BD4\u4F1A\u88AB\u9500\u6BC1\uFF0C\u53E6\u4E00\u90E8\u5206\u4F1A\u5728\u6BCF\u4E2Aslot\uFF08\u63D2\u69FD\uFF09\u7ED3\u675F\u65F6\u88AB\u5206\u914D\u7ED9\u6295\u7968\u8D26\u6237\u3002</p><p>\u5F53\u4E00\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u6CA1\u6709\u8DB3\u591F\u7684\u4F59\u989D\u652F\u4ED8\u79DF\u91D1\u65F6\uFF0C\u8FD9\u4E2A\u8D26\u6237\u4F1A\u88AB\u91CA\u653E\uFF0C\u6570\u636E\u4F1A\u88AB\u6E05\u9664\u3002</p><h2 id="\u5176\u4ED6\u8D44\u6599" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u5176\u4ED6\u8D44\u6599" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u5176\u4ED6\u8D44\u6599</h2>',25),_={href:"https://solana.wiki/zh-cn/docs/account-model/#account-storage",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},u=e("Solana\u8D26\u6237\u6A21\u578B"),m={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},f=e("\u5B98\u65B9\u6587\u6863"),b={href:"https://twitter.com/pencilflip/status/1452402100470644739",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},x=e("pencilflip\u8D26\u6237\u4E3B\u9898"),g=t("h3",{id:"\u81F4\u8C22",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#\u81F4\u8C22","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),e(" \u81F4\u8C22")],-1),S=e("\u8FD9\u4E9B\u6838\u5FC3\u6982\u5FF5\u6765\u6E90\u4E8EPencilflip. "),k={href:"https://twitter.com/intent/user?screen_name=pencilflip",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},q=e("\u5728Twitter\u4E0A\u5173\u6CE8\u4ED6"),v=e(".");function w(B,L){const a=o("ExternalLinkIcon");return i(),n(d,null,[p,t("ul",null,[t("li",null,[t("a",_,[u,r(a)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",m,[f,r(a)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",b,[x,r(a)])])]),g,t("p",null,[S,t("a",k,[q,r(a)]),v])],64)}var N=l(h,[["render",w]]);export{N as default};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/game-sdks.html.b7b1489e.js
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const t={key:"v-f1adf734",path:"/fil/gaming/game-sdks.html",title:"Solana Gaming SDKs",lang:"fil-PH",frontmatter:{title:"Solana Gaming SDKs",head:[["meta",{name:"title",content:"Solana Cookbook | Solana Gaming SDKs"}],["meta",{name:"og:title",content:"Solana Cookbook | Solana Gaming SDKs"}],["meta",{name:"description",content:"A list of Solana Gaming SDKs to get you started creating your first Solana Game"}],["meta",{name:"og:description",content:"A list of Solana Gaming SDKs to get you started creating your first Solana Game"}],["meta",{name:"og:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"og:image:alt",content:"Solana splash card"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:card",content:"summary"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:site",content:"@solanacookbook"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"robots",content:"index,follow,noodp"}],["meta",{name:"googlebot",content:"index,follow"}]],footer:"MIT Licensed"},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:3,title:"Unity SDK",slug:"unity-sdk",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Unreal SDK",slug:"unreal-sdk",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Flutter",slug:"flutter",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Next.js/React + Anchor",slug:"next-js-react-anchor",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Python",slug:"python",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Native C#",slug:"native-c",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1687314835e3,contributors:[{name:"mh",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"fil/gaming/game-sdks.md"};export{t as data};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/token.html.43db4402.js
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const e={key:"v-0d096f0e",path:"/references/token.html",title:"Interacting with Tokens",lang:"en-US",frontmatter:{title:"Interacting with Tokens",head:[["meta",{name:"title",content:"Solana Cookbook | Interacting with Tokens"}],["meta",{name:"og:title",content:"Solana Cookbook | Interacting with Tokens"}],["meta",{name:"description",content:"Learn how to use, transfer, and more with tokens on Solana"}],["meta",{name:"og:description",content:"Learn how to use, transfer, and more with tokens on Solana"}],["meta",{name:"og:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"og:image:alt",content:"Solana splash card"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:card",content:"summary"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:site",content:"@solanacookbook"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"robots",content:"index,follow,noodp"}],["meta",{name:"googlebot",content:"index,follow"}]],footer:"MIT Licensed"},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:2,title:"What do I need to get started with SPL-Tokens?",slug:"what-do-i-need-to-get-started-with-spl-tokens",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to create a new Token",slug:"how-to-create-a-new-token",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to get a token mint",slug:"how-to-get-a-token-mint",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to create a token account",slug:"how-to-create-a-token-account",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to get a Token Account",slug:"how-to-get-a-token-account",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to get a token account's balance",slug:"how-to-get-a-token-account-s-balance",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to mint tokens",slug:"how-to-mint-tokens",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to transfer tokens",slug:"how-to-transfer-tokens",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to burn tokens",slug:"how-to-burn-tokens",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to close token accounts",slug:"how-to-close-token-accounts",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to set authority on token accounts or mints",slug:"how-to-set-authority-on-token-accounts-or-mints",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to approve a token delegate",slug:"how-to-approve-a-token-delegate",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to revoke a token delegate",slug:"how-to-revoke-a-token-delegate",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to manage wrapped SOL",slug:"how-to-manage-wrapped-sol",children:[{level:3,title:"Create Token Account",slug:"create-token-account",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Add Balance",slug:"add-balance",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"How to get all token accounts by owner",slug:"how-to-get-all-token-accounts-by-owner",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1660229921e3,contributors:[{name:"Jacob Creech",email:"[email protected]",commits:2},{name:"Jacob Creech",email:"[email protected]",commits:1},{name:"Mike MacCana",email:"[email protected]",commits:1},{name:"Yihau Chen",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"references/token.md"};export{e as data};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/porting-anchor-to-unity.html.8ad16b00.js
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const t={key:"v-7664744b",path:"/fil/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.html",title:"Port Anchor to Unity",lang:"fil-PH",frontmatter:{title:"Port Anchor to Unity",head:[["meta",{name:"title",content:"Solana Cookbook | Port to Unity"}],["meta",{name:"og:title",content:"Solana Cookbook | Port to Unity"}],["meta",{name:"description",content:"Using anchor idl you can interact with your program directly from unity"}],["meta",{name:"og:description",content:"Using anchor idl you can interact with your program directly from unity"}],["meta",{name:"og:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"og:image:alt",content:"Solana splash card"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:card",content:"summary"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:site",content:"@solanacookbook"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"robots",content:"index,follow,noodp"}],["meta",{name:"googlebot",content:"index,follow"}]],footer:"MIT Licensed"},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:2,title:"Pagbuo ng Kliyente",slug:"pagbuo-ng-kliyente",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Pagbuo ng Transaksyon sa Unity C#",slug:"pagbuo-ng-transaksyon-sa-unity-c",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1687314835e3,contributors:[{name:"mh",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"fil/gaming/porting-anchor-to-unity.md"};export{t as data};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/programs.html.740744ad.js
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const a={key:"v-3a47880e",path:"/id/core-concepts/programs.html",title:"Program",lang:"id-ID",frontmatter:{title:"Program",head:[["meta",{name:"title",content:"Buku Panduan Solana | Programs"}],["meta",{name:"og:title",content:"Buku Panduan Solana | Programs"}],["meta",{name:"description",content:"Program (juga disebut sebagai smart contracts) bertugas sebagai pondasi dari aktivitas on-chain. Belajar tentang Program dan Konsep Dasar lainnya di Buku Panduan Solana."}],["meta",{name:"og:description",content:"Program (juga disebut sebagai smart contracts) bertugas sebagai pondasi dari aktivitas on-chain. Belajar tentang Program dan Konsep Dasar lainnya di Buku Panduan Solana."}],["meta",{name:"og:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"og:image:alt",content:"Solana splash card"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:card",content:"summary"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:site",content:"@solanacookbook"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"robots",content:"index,follow,noodp"}],["meta",{name:"googlebot",content:"index,follow"}]],footer:"MIT Licensed"},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:2,title:"Fakta-Fakta",slug:"fakta-fakta",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Lebih Dalam",slug:"lebih-dalam",children:[{level:3,title:"Native Program & Solana Program Library (SPL)",slug:"native-program-solana-program-library-spl",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Menulis Program",slug:"menulis-program",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Deploy Program",slug:"deploy-program",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"Sumber Lainnya",slug:"sumber-lainnya",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1663636948e3,contributors:[{name:"akangaziz",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"id/core-concepts/programs.md"};export{a as data};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/feature-parity-testing.html.5be01a44.js
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import{_ as i,r as e,o as r,c as k,b as s,w as t,a as n,F as m,e as b,d as a}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";var d="/assets/scfsd.cc67ec33.png";const g={},f=b(`<h1 id="pagsubok-sa-pagkakapareho-ng-tampok" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pagsubok-sa-pagkakapareho-ng-tampok" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pagsubok sa Pagkakapareho ng Tampok</h1><p>Kapag sinusubukan ang iyong programa, ang mga katiyakan na pareho itong tatakbo sa iba't ibang mga kumpol ay mahalaga sa parehong kalidad at paggawa ng inaasahang resulta.</p><h2 id="mga-katotohanan" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#mga-katotohanan" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Mga Katotohanan</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Ang mga tampok ay mga kakayahan na ipinakilala sa mga validator ng Solana at nangangailangan ng pag-activate upang magamit.</li><li>Maaaring i-activate ang mga feature sa isang cluster (hal. testnet) ngunit hindi sa isa pa (hal. mainnet-beta).</li><li>Gayunpaman; kapag lokal na pinapatakbo ang default na <code>solana-test-validator</code>, lahat ng available na feature sa iyong Ang bersyon ng Solana ay awtomatikong naisaaktibo. Ang resulta ay kapag lokal na pagsubok, ang mga kakayahan at resulta ng maaaring hindi pareho ang iyong pagsubok kapag nagde-deploy at tumatakbo sa ibang cluster!</li></ul></div><h2 id="sitwasyon" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#sitwasyon" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Sitwasyon</h2><p>Ipagpalagay na mayroon kang Transaksyon na naglalaman ng tatlong (3) mga instruction at ang bawat instruction ay kumukonsumo ng humigit-kumulang 100_000 Compute Units (CU). Kapag tumatakbo sa bersyon ng Solana 1.8.x, mapapansin mo ang iyong pagtuturo sa pagkonsumo ng CU katulad ng:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>Simula sa CU</th><th>Pagpapatupad</th><th>Natitirang CU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Sa Solana 1.9.2 isang tampok na tinatawag na 'transaction wide compute cap' ay ipinakilala kung saan ang isang Transaksyon, bilang default, ay may 200_000 CU na badyet at ang mga naka-encapsulate na instruction na <strong><em>ay kumukuha</em></strong> mula sa badyet ng Transaksyon na iyon. Parehong tumatakbo ang transaksyon tulad ng nabanggit sa itaas ay magkakaroon ng ibang pag-uugali:</p><table><thead><tr><th>Instruction</th><th>Simula sa CU</th><th>Pagpapatupad</th><th>Natitirang CU</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>1</td><td>200_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>100_000</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>100_000</td><td>-100_000</td><td>0</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>0</td><td>FAIL!!!</td><td>FAIL!!!</td></tr></tbody></table><p>Hays! Kung hindi mo alam ito, malamang na mabigo ka dahil walang pagbabago sa iyong pag-uugali sa pagtuturo magiging sanhi nito. Sa devnet ito ay gumana nang maayos, ngunit sa lokal na ito ay nabigo?!?</p><p>May kakayahang taasan ang kabuuang badyet sa Transaksyon, para sabihing 300_000 CU, at iligtas ang iyong katinuan ngunit ito ay nagpapakita kung bakit ang pagsubok sa <strong><em>Feature Parity</em></strong> ay nagbibigay ng isang maagap na paraan upang maiwasan ang anumang pagkalito.</p><h2 id="katayuan-ng-tampok" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#katayuan-ng-tampok" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Katayuan ng Tampok</h2><p>Medyo madaling suriin kung anong mga feature ang pinagana para sa isang partikular na cluster gamit ang command na <code>solana feature status</code>.</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana feature status -ud // Ipinapakita ayon sa feature status para sa devnet
solana feature status -ut // Ipinapakita para sa testnet
solana feature status -um // Ipinapakita para sa mainnet-beta
status ng tampok na solana -ul // Ipinapakita para sa lokal, nangangailangan ng pagpapatakbo ng solana-test-validator
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><p>Bilang kahalili, maaari kang gumamit ng tool tulad ng <a href="#resources">scfsd</a> upang obserbahan ang lahat ng katayuan ng tampok sa mga cluster na magpapakita, bahagyang screen na ipinapakita dito, at hindi nangangailangan ng <code>solana-test-validator</code> na tumakbo:</p><img src="`+d+`" alt="Feature Status Heatmap"><h2 id="pagsubok-sa-pagkakapantay-pantay" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#pagsubok-sa-pagkakapantay-pantay" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Pagsubok sa Pagkakapantay-pantay</h2><p>Gaya ng nabanggit sa itaas, awtomatikong ina-activate ng <code>solana-test-validator</code> ang <strong>lahat</strong> ng mga feature. Kaya't upang masagot ang tanong na "Paano ko masusubok nang lokal sa isang environment na may pagkakapareho sa devnet, testnet o kahit mainnet-beta?".</p><p>Solusyon: Ang mga PR ay idinagdag sa Solana 1.9.6 upang payagan ang pag-deactivate ng mga feature:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY> ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h2 id="simpleng-pagpapakita" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#simpleng-pagpapakita" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Simpleng Pagpapakita</h2><p>Ipagpalagay na mayroon kang isang simpleng programa na nag-log sa data na natatanggap nito sa entry-point nito. At ikaw ay pagsubok ng isang transaksyon na nagdaragdag ng dalawang (2) mga instruction para sa iyong programa.</p><h3 id="na-activate-ang-lahat-ng-feature" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#na-activate-ang-lahat-ng-feature" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Na-activate ang lahat ng feature</h3><ol><li>Sisimulan mo ang test validator sa isang terminal:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana config set -ul
solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --bpf-program ADDRESS target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset\`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Sa ibang terminal sisimulan mo ang log streamer:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana logs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="3"><li>Pagkatapos ay patakbuhin mo ang iyong transaksyon. Makakakita ka ng katulad sa log terminal (na-edit para sa kalinawan):</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[1]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 187157 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success[
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><p>Dahil ang aming feature na 'transaction wide compute cap' ay awtomatikong naisaaktibo bilang default, sinusunod namin ang bawat isa pagtuturo na kumukuha ng CU mula sa panimulang Transaksyon na badyet na 200_000 CU.</p><h3 id="na-deactivate-ang-mga-piling-feature" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#na-deactivate-ang-mga-piling-feature" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Na-deactivate ang mga piling feature</h3><ol><li>Para sa run na ito, gusto nating tumakbo upang ang pag-uugali ng badyet ng CU ay naaayon sa kung ano ang tumatakbo sa devnet. Gamit ang (mga) tool na inilalarawan sa <a href="#feature-status">Status ng Tampok</a> ibinubukod namin ang pampublikong key na <code>transaction wide compute cap</code> at gamitin ang <code>--deactivate-feature</code> sa test validator startup</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./ledger --deactivate-feature 5ekBxc8itEnPv4NzGJtr8BVVQLNMQuLMNQQj7pHoLNZ9 --bpf-program target/deploy/PROGNAME.so --reset\`
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>Nakita namin ngayon sa aming mga log na ang aming mga instruction ay mayroon na ngayong sariling 200_000 CU na badyet (na-edit para sa kalinawan) na kasalukuyang estado sa lahat ng upstream cluster:</li></ol><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc invoke [1]
Program log: process_instruction: PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc: 0 accounts, data=[0]
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc consumed 12843 of 200000 compute units
Program PWDnx8LkjJUn9bAVzG6Fp6BuvB41x7DkBZdo9YLMGcc success
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h2 id="buong-parity-testing" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#buong-parity-testing" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Buong Parity Testing</h2><p>Maaari kang maging ganap na pare-pareho sa isang partikular na cluster sa pamamagitan ng pagtukoy sa bawat feature na hindi na-activate pa at magdagdag ng <code>--deactivate-feature <FEATURE_PUBKEY></code> para sa bawat isa kapag gumagamit ng <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_1 --deactivate-feature PUBKEY_2 ...
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Bilang kahalili, ang <a href="#resources">scfsd</a> ay nagbibigay ng command switch upang i-output ang kumpletong na-deactivate na feature itinakda para sa isang cluster na direktang i-feed sa startup ng <code>solana-test-validator</code>:</p><div class="language-console ext-console line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-console"><code>solana-test-validator -l ./.ledger $(scfsd -c devnet -k -t)
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>Kung magbubukas ka ng isa pang terminal, habang tumatakbo ang validator, at <code>solana feature status</code> ang makikita mo mga feature na na-deactivate na nakitang naka-deactivate sa devnet</p><h2 id="buong-parity-testing-sa-pamamagitan-ng-pag-program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#buong-parity-testing-sa-pamamagitan-ng-pag-program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Buong Parity Testing sa pamamagitan ng pag-program</h2><p>Para sa mga kumokontrol sa pagpapatakbo ng test validator sa loob ng kanilang test code, nagbabago ang test validator activated/deactivated features ay posible gamit ang TestValidatorGenesis. Sa Solana 1.9.6 isang function ang idinagdag sa tagabuo ng validator upang suportahan ito.</p><p>Sa ugat ng folder ng iyong program, lumikha ng bagong folder na tinatawag na <code>tests</code> at magdagdag ng <code>parity_test.rs</code> file. Narito ang mga function ng boiler place (boiler-plate kung gugustuhin mo) na ginagamit ng bawat pagsubok</p>`,44),_=n("div",{class:"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"},[n("pre",{class:"language-rust"},[n("code",null,[n("span",{class:"token attribute attr-name"},"#[cfg(test)]"),a(`
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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const a={key:"v-4f78323c",path:"/pt/core-concepts/transactions.html",title:"Transa\xE7\xF5es",lang:"pt-BR",frontmatter:{title:"Transa\xE7\xF5es",head:[["meta",{name:"title",content:"Livro de Receitas da Solana - Solana Cookbook | Transactions"}],["meta",{name:"og:title",content:"Livro de Receitas da Solana - Solana Cookbook | Transactions"}],["meta",{name:"description",content:"Transa\xE7\xF5es s\xE3o pacotes de m\xFAltiplas unidades operacionais na Solana. Saiba mais sobre Transa\xE7\xF5es e Conceitos Fundamentais no Livro de Receitas da Solana."}],["meta",{name:"og:description",content:"Transa\xE7\xF5es s\xE3o pacotes de m\xFAltiplas unidades operacionais na Solana. Saiba mais sobre Transa\xE7\xF5es e Conceitos Fundamentais no Livro de Receitas da Solana."}],["meta",{name:"og:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"og:image:alt",content:"Solana splash card"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:card",content:"summary"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:site",content:"@solanacookbook"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"robots",content:"index,follow,noodp"}],["meta",{name:"googlebot",content:"index,follow"}]],footer:"MIT Licensed"},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:2,title:"Fatos",slug:"fatos",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Mergulho Profundo",slug:"mergulho-profundo",children:[{level:3,title:"Taxas",slug:"taxas",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"Outros Recursos",slug:"outros-recursos",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1690516363e3,contributors:[{name:"Daniel Cukier",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"pt/core-concepts/transactions.md"};export{a as data};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/accounts.html.cf985a2a.js
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const a={key:"v-06371947",path:"/id/references/accounts.html",title:"Akun",lang:"id-ID",frontmatter:{title:"Akun",head:[["meta",{name:"title",content:"Buku Panduan Solana | Referensi Akun"}],["meta",{name:"og:title",content:"Buku Panduan Solana | Referensi Akun"}],["meta",{name:"description",content:"Belajar tentang akun di Solana dan cara menggunakannya di program."}],["meta",{name:"og:description",content:"Belajar tentang akun di Solana dan cara menggunakannya di program."}],["meta",{name:"og:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"og:image:alt",content:"Solana splash card"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:card",content:"summary"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:site",content:"@solanacookbook"}],["meta",{name:"twitter:image",content:"https://solanacookbook.com/cookbook-sharing-card.png"}],["meta",{name:"robots",content:"index,follow,noodp"}],["meta",{name:"googlebot",content:"index,follow"}]],footer:"MIT Licensed"},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:2,title:"Bagaimana cara membuat sebuah sistem akun",slug:"bagaimana-cara-membuat-sebuah-sistem-akun",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana cara mengkalkulasi biaya akun",slug:"bagaimana-cara-mengkalkulasi-biaya-akun",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana cara membuat akun dengan seeds",slug:"bagaimana-cara-membuat-akun-dengan-seeds",children:[{level:3,title:"Generate",slug:"generate",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Create",slug:"create",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Transfer",slug:"transfer",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana cara membuat PDAs",slug:"bagaimana-cara-membuat-pdas",children:[{level:3,title:"Menghasilkan sebuah PDA",slug:"menghasilkan-sebuah-pda",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Membuat sebuah PDA",slug:"membuat-sebuah-pda",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana cara untuk sign sebuah PDA",slug:"bagaimana-cara-untuk-sign-sebuah-pda",children:[{level:3,title:"Program",slug:"program-1",children:[]},{level:3,title:"Client",slug:"client-1",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Program Akun",slug:"bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-program-akun",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana Cara Menutup Akun",slug:"bagaimana-cara-menutup-akun",children:[]},{level:2,title:"Bagaimana Cara Mendapatkan Balance Akun",slug:"bagaimana-cara-mendapatkan-balance-akun",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1676666728e3,contributors:[{name:"Partially Sorted",email:"[email protected]",commits:1},{name:"akangaziz",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"id/references/accounts.md"};export{a as data};
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import{_ as h,r as c,o as i,c as s,a as t,b as o,w as l,F as d,d as n,e}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const _={},g=t("h1",{id:"program",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#program","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" Program")],-1),u=t("p",null,"B\u1EA5t k\u1EF3 l\u1EADp tr\xECnh vi\xEAn n\xE0o \u0111\u1EC1u c\xF3 th\u1EC3 vi\u1EBFt v\xE0 tri\u1EC3n khai m\u1ED9t ch\u01B0\u01A1ng tr\xECnh tr\xEAn Solana. Program (hay \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c bi\u1EBFt \u0111\u1EBFn v\u1EDBi t\xEAn g\u1ECDi l\xE0 Smart Contract tr\xEAn c\xE1c blockchain kh\xE1c) s\u1EBD l\xE0 n\u1EC1n t\u1EA3ng cho c\xE1c ho\u1EA1t \u0111\u1ED9ng on-chain; th\u1EE9 gi\xFAp t\u1EA1o n\xEAn \u0111a s\u1ED1 c\xE1c h\xECnh th\xE1i t\u1EEB DeFi, NFTs cho \u0111\u1EBFn M\u1EA1ng x\xE3 h\u1ED9i v\xE0 Tr\xF2 ch\u01A1i.",-1),m=t("h2",{id:"co-the-ban-chua-biet",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#co-the-ban-chua-biet","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" C\xF3 th\u1EC3 b\u1EA1n ch\u01B0a bi\u1EBFt")],-1),p={class:"custom-container tip"},b=t("p",{class:"custom-container-title"},"Nh\u1EEFng \u0111i\u1EC1u c\xF3 th\u1EC3 b\u1EA1n ch\u01B0a bi\u1EBFt",-1),k=t("li",null,[n("Program s\u1EBD x\u1EED l\xFD c\xE1c "),t("a",{href:"./transactions"},"instruction"),n(" t\u1EEB ng\u01B0\u1EDDi d\xF9ng v\xE0 c\xE1c Program kh\xE1c")],-1),v=n("T\u1EA5t c\u1EA3 c\xE1c Program \u0111\u1EC1u l\xE0 "),P=t("em",null,"stateless",-1),f=n(": m\u1ECDi d\u1EEF li\u1EC7u m\xE0 Program t\u01B0\u01A1ng t\xE1c \u0111\u1EC1u \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c l\u01B0u tr\xEAn nh\u1EEFng "),y=n("Account"),L=n(" t\xE1ch bi\u1EC7t v\xE0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c lan truy\u1EC1n th\xF4ng qua c\xE1c instruction"),S=t("li",null,[n("B\u1EA3n th\xE2n Program \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c l\u01B0u b\xEAn trong nh\u1EEFng Account \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c \u0111\xE1nh d\u1EA5u l\xE0 "),t("code",null,"executable")],-1),x=n("T\u1EA5t c\u1EA3 Program \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c s\u1EDF h\u1EEFu b\u1EDFi "),A={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},T=n("BPF Loader"),F=n(" v\xE0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c th\u1EF1c thi b\u1EDFi "),B={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},C=n("Solana Runtime"),R=n("H\u1EA7u h\u1EBFt c\xE1c l\u1EADp tr\xECnh vi\xEAn \u0111\u1EC1u ph\xE1t tri\u1EC3n Program b\u1EB1ng Rust ho\u1EB7c C++, nh\u01B0ng b\u1EA1n v\u1EABn c\xF3 th\u1EC3 l\u1EF1a ch\u1ECDn b\u1EA5t k\u1EF3 ng\xF4n ng\u1EEF l\u1EADp tr\xECnh m\xE0 c\xF3 h\u1ED7 tr\u1EE3 "),N={href:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Packet_Filter",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},M=n("BPF"),w=n(" c\u1EE7a "),I={href:"https://llvm.org/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},V=n("LLVM"),q=e("<li>M\u1ECDi Program ch\u1EC9 c\xF3 duy nh\u1EA5t m\u1ED9t \u0111i\u1EC3m truy c\u1EADp, n\u01A1i m\xE0 c\xE1c instruction \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c x\u1EED l\xFD (c\u1EE5 th\u1EC3 l\xE0 <code>process_instruction</code>); c\xE1c tham s\u1ED1 \u0111\u1EA7u v\xE0o lu\xF4n bao g\u1ED3m: <ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul></li>",1),E=t("h2",{id:"chi-tiet",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#chi-tiet","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" Chi ti\u1EBFt")],-1),H=t("p",null,"Kh\xF4ng gi\u1ED1ng nh\u01B0 h\u1EA5u h\u1EBFt c\xE1c blockchain kh\xE1c, Solana t\xE1ch b\u1EA1ch gi\u1EEFa code v\xE0 d\u1EEF li\u1EC7u. T\u1EA5t c\u1EA3 d\u1EEF li\u1EC7u m\xE0 ch\u01B0\u01A1ng tr\xECnh c\u1EA7n t\u01B0\u01A1ng t\xE1c s\u1EBD \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c l\u01B0u \u1EDF c\xE1c Account t\xE1ch bi\u1EC7t v\xE0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c lan truy\u1EC1n th\xF4ng d\u01B0\u1EDBi d\u1EA1ng tham chi\u1EBFu th\xF4ng qua c\xE1c instruction. M\xF4 h\xECnh n\xE0y cho ph\xE9p m\u1ED9t ch\u01B0\u01A1ng tr\xECnh chung c\xF3 th\u1EC3 ho\u1EA1t \u0111\u1ED9ng tr\xEAn nhi\u1EC1u ki\u1EC3u Account kh\xE1c nhau m\xE0 kh\xF4ng c\u1EA7n t\xE1i c\u01A1 c\u1EA5u l\u1EA1i ch\u01B0\u01A1ng tr\xECnh. M\u1ED9t v\xED d\u1EE5 hay g\u1EB7p c\u1EE7a m\xF4 h\xECnh n\xE0y l\xE0 Native Programs v\xE0 SPL Programs.",-1),D=t("h3",{id:"native-programs-solana-program-library-spl-programs",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#native-programs-solana-program-library-spl-programs","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" Native Programs & Solana Program Library (SPL) Programs")],-1),j=n("Solana \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c trang b\u1ECB s\u1EB5n m\u1ED9t s\u1ED1 Program n\u1EC1n t\u1EA3ng v\xE0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c d\xF9ng \u0111\u1EC3 x\xE2y d\u1EF1ng c\xE1c t\u01B0\u01A1ng t\xE1c on-chain. Nh\u1EEFng Program n\xE0y th\u01B0\u1EDDng \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c chia th\xE0nh "),K={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#bpf-loader",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},z=n("Native Programs"),O=n(" v\xE0 "),U={href:"https://spl.solana.com/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},G=n("Solana Program Library (SPL) Programs"),J=n("."),Q=n("Native Programs cung c\u1EA5p c\xE1c ch\u1EE9c n\u0103ng c\u01A1 s\u1EDF v\xE0 c\u1EA7n thi\u1EBFt \u0111\u1EC3 v\u1EADn h\xE0nh c\xE1c validators. Trong c\xE1c Program n\xE0y, ch\u01B0\u01A1ng tr\xECnh \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c bi\u1EBFt \u0111\u1EBFn r\u1ED9ng r\xE3i nh\u1EA5t l\xE0 "),W={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/runtime-facilities/programs#system-program",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},X=n("System Program"),Y=n(". System Program ch\u1ECBu tr\xE1ch nhi\u1EC7m cho vi\u1EC7c c\u1EA5p ph\xE1t Account m\u1EDBi, c\u0169ng nh\u01B0 chuy\u1EC3n SOL gi\u1EEFa c\xE1c Account kh\xE1c nhau."),Z=n("SPL Programs h\u1ED7 tr\u1EE3 m\u1ED9t s\u1ED1 c\xE1c ho\u1EA1t \u0111\u1ED9ng on-chain bao g\u1ED3m t\u1EA1o tokens, trao \u0111\u1ED5i tokens, cho vay tokens, c\u0169ng nh\u01B0 t\u1EA1o stake pools, v\xE0 duy tr\xEC name service. "),$={href:"https://spl.solana.com/token",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},tt=n("SPL Token Program"),nt=n(" c\xF3 th\u1EC3 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c g\u1ECDi tr\u1EF1c ti\u1EBFp th\xF4ng qua Solana CLI, ho\u1EB7c b\u1EB1ng c\xE1ch kh\xE1c h\u01A1n nh\u01B0 l\xE0 "),ot={href:"https://spl.solana.com/associated-token-account",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},rt=n("Associated Token Account Program"),et=n(". Associated Token Account Program th\u01B0\u1EDDng \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c k\u1EBFt h\u1EE3p v\u1EDBi c\xE1c ch\u01B0\u01A1ng tr\xECnh tu\u1EF3 ch\u1EC9nh \u0111\u1EC3 g\u1ECDi \u0111\u1EBFn SPL Token Program h\u01A1n l\xE0 g\u1ECDi \u0111\u1ED9c l\u1EADp."),ct=t("h3",{id:"viet-mot-program",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#viet-mot-program","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" Vi\u1EBFt m\u1ED9t Program")],-1),at=n("Program h\u1EA7u nh\u01B0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c ph\xE1t tri\u1EC3n d\u1EF1a tr\xEAn Rust ho\u1EB7c C++. Tuy nhi\xEAn b\u1EA1n v\u1EABn c\xF3 th\u1EC3 ph\xE1t tri\u1EC3n b\u1EB1ng b\u1EA5t k\u1EF3 ng\xF4n ng\u1EEF n\xE0o mi\u1EC5n l\xE0 h\u1ED7 tr\u1EE3 BPF c\u1EE7a LLVM. Hi\u1EC7n t\u1EA1i, l\u1EADp tr\xECnh vi\xEAn c\u0169ng c\xF3 th\u1EC3 chuy\u1EC3n \u0111\u1ED5i smart contract tr\xEAn EVM \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c vi\u1EBFt b\u1EB1ng Solidity th\xF4ng qua d\u1EF1 \xE1n \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c kh\u1EDFi x\u01B0\u1EDBng b\u1EDFi "),ht={href:"https://neon-labs.org/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},it=n("Neon Labs"),st=n(" v\xE0 "),lt={href:"https://solang.readthedocs.io/en/latest/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},dt=n("Solang"),_t=n("."),gt=e("<p>\u0110a s\u1ED1 c\xE1c Program d\u1EF1 tr\xEAn Rust \u0111\u1EC1u b\xE1m s\xE1t ki\u1EBFn tr\xFAc sau:</p><table><thead><tr><th>T\u1EC7p</th><th>M\xF4 t\u1EA3</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>lib.rs</td><td>\u0110\u0103ng k\xFD c\xE1c modules</td></tr><tr><td>entrypoint.rs</td><td>\u0110i\u1EC3m truy c\u1EADp c\u1EE7a Program</td></tr><tr><td>instruction.rs</td><td>Program API, tu\u1EA7n t\u1EF1 v\xE0 phi tu\u1EA7n t\u1EF1 ho\xE1 d\u1EEF li\u1EC7u \u0111\u1EA7u v\xE0o</td></tr><tr><td>processor.rs</td><td>Logic c\u1EE7a Program</td></tr><tr><td>state.rs</td><td>C\xE1c \u0111\u1ED1i t\u01B0\u1EE3ng c\u1EE7a Program, tu\u1EA7n t\u1EF1 v\xE0 phi tu\u1EA7n t\u1EF1 ho\xE1 tr\u1EA1ng th\xE1i</td></tr><tr><td>error.rs</td><td>\u0110\u1ECBnh ngh\u0129a l\u1ED7i c\u1EE7a Program</td></tr></tbody></table>",2),ut=n("Hi\u1EC7n t\u1EA1i, "),mt={href:"https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},pt=n("Anchor"),bt=n(" \u0111ang n\u1ED5i l\xEAn nh\u01B0 l\xE0 m\u1ED9t framework ph\u1ED5 bi\u1EBFn gi\xFAp ph\xE1t tri\u1EC3n Program nhanh ch\xF3ng h\u01A1n. Anchor \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c l\u1EA5y c\u1EA3m h\u1EE9ng nhi\u1EC1u t\u1EEB Ruby on Rails nh\u1EB1m gi\u1EA3m thi\u1EC3u c\xE1c m\u1EABu code l\u1EB7p l\u1EA1i, \u0111\u1ED3ng th\u1EDDi chu\u1EA9n ho\xE1 vi\u1EC7c tu\u1EA7n t\u1EF1 v\xE0 phi tu\u1EA7n t\u1EF1 ho\xE1 d\u1EEF li\u1EC7u trong qu\xE1 tr\xECnh ph\xE1t tri\u1EC3n b\u1EB1ng Rust."),kt=e("<p>Program th\u01B0\u1EDDng \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c ph\xE1t tri\u1EC3n v\xE0 ki\u1EC3m th\u1EED tr\xEAn m\xF4i tr\u01B0\u1EDDng localhost v\xE0 devnet tr\u01B0\u1EDBc khi \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c tri\u1EC3n khai tr\xEAn testnet ho\u1EB7c mainnet. Solana h\u1ED7 tr\u1EE3 c\xE1c m\xF4i tr\u01B0\u1EDDng sau:</p><table><thead><tr><th>C\u1EE5m m\xF4i tr\u01B0\u1EDDng</th><th>\u0110\u01B0\u1EDDng d\u1EABn k\u1EBFt n\u1ED1i RPC</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>Mainnet-beta</td><td>https://api.mainnet-beta.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Testnet</td><td>https://api.testnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Devnet</td><td>https://api.devnet.solana.com</td></tr><tr><td>Localhost</td><td>Port m\u1EB7c \u0111\u1ECBnh: 8899 (e.g. http://localhost:8899, http://192.168.1.88:8899)</td></tr></tbody></table>",2),vt=n("Sau khi tri\u1EC3n khai l\xEAn m\u1ED9t m\xF4i tr\u01B0\u1EDDng c\u1EE5 th\u1EC3, ng\u01B0\u1EDDi d\xF9ng c\xF3 th\u1EC3 t\u01B0\u01A1ng t\xE1c v\u1EDBi c\xE1c Program tr\xEAn on-chain th\xF4ng qua "),Pt={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/jsonrpc-api",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},ft=n("k\u1EBFt n\u1ED1i RPC"),yt=n(" t\u01B0\u01A1ng \u1EE9ng."),Lt=t("h3",{id:"trien-khai-program",tabindex:"-1"},[t("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#trien-khai-program","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" Tri\u1EC3n khai Program")],-1),St=n("L\u1EADp tr\xECnh vi\xEAn c\xF3 th\u1EC3 tri\u1EC3n khai Program c\u1EE7a h\u1ECD th\xF4ng qua "),xt={href:"https://docs.solana.com/cli/deploy-a-program",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},At=n("CLI"),Tt=n(":"),Ft=e(`<div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana program deploy <span class="token operator"><</span>PROGRAM_FILEPATH<span class="token operator">></span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div>`,1),Bt=n("Khi m\u1ED9t Program \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c tri\u1EC3n khai, n\xF3 s\u1EBD \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c bi\xEAn d\u1ECBch th\xE0nh m\u1ED9t "),Ct={href:"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Executable_and_Linkable_Format",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},Rt=n("ELF shared object"),Nt=n(" (c\xF3 ch\u1EE9a BPF bytecode) v\xE0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c t\u1EA3i l\xEAn m\u1EA1ng Solana. Program \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c l\u01B0u tr\u1EEF trong Account (gi\u1ED1ng nh\u01B0 h\u1EA5u h\u1EBFt m\u1ECDi th\u1EE9 tr\xEAn Solana), ngo\u1EA1i tr\u1EEB vi\u1EC7c \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c \u0111\xE1nh d\u1EA5u l\xE0 "),Mt=t("code",null,"executable",-1),wt=n(" v\xE0 "),It=t("code",null,"owner",-1),Vt=n(" \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c g\xE1n cho BPF Loader. \u0110\u1ECBa ch\u1EC9 c\u1EE7a Account n\xE0y s\u1EBD \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c g\u1ECDi l\xE0 "),qt=t("code",null,"program_id",-1),Et=n(" v\xE0 \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c s\u1EED d\u1EE5ng nh\u01B0ng l\xE0 tham chi\u1EBFu cho Program trong c\xE1c giao d\u1ECBch \u1EDF t\u01B0\u01A1ng lai."),Ht=n("Solana h\u1ED7 tr\u1EE3 \u0111a d\u1EA1ng c\xE1c BPF Loader v\u1EDBi phi\xEAn b\u1EA3n m\u1EDBi nh\u1EA5t l\xE0 "),Dt={href:"https://explorer.solana.com/address/BPFLoaderUpgradeab1e11111111111111111111111",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},jt=n("Upgradable BPF Loader"),Kt=n(". BPF Loader ch\u1ECBu tr\xE1ch nhi\u1EC7m cho vi\u1EC7c \u0111i\u1EC1u h\xE0nh c\xE1c Account c\u1EE7a Program v\xE0 cho ph\xE9p ng\u01B0\u1EDDi d\xF9ng t\u01B0\u01A1ng t\xE1c b\u1EB1ng "),zt=t("code",null,"program_id",-1),Ot=n(". T\u1EA5t c\u1EA3 Program ch\u1EC9 c\xF3 m\u1ED9t \u0111i\u1EC3m truy c\u1EADp duy nh\u1EA5t, n\u01A1i m\xE0 c\xE1c instruction s\u1EBD \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c ghi nh\u1EADn v\xE0 x\u1EED l\xFD (c\u1EE5 th\u1EC3 l\xE0 "),Ut=t("code",null,"process_instruction",-1),Gt=n(") v\u1EDBi c\xE1c tham s\u1ED1 bao g\u1ED3m:"),Jt=e('<ul><li><code>program_id</code>: <code>pubkey</code></li><li><code>accounts</code>: <code>array</code>,</li><li><code>instruction_data</code>: <code>byte array</code></li></ul><p>M\u1ED7i khi \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c g\u1ECDi, Program s\u1EBD \u0111\u01B0\u1EE3c th\u1EF1c thi b\u1EDFi Solana Runtime.</p><h2 id="cac-nguon-tai-lieu-khac" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#cac-nguon-tai-lieu-khac" aria-hidden="true">#</a> <a name="resources"></a> C\xE1c ngu\u1ED3n t\xE0i li\u1EC7u kh\xE1c</h2>',3),Qt={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/on-chain-programs/overview",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},Wt=n("T\xE0i li\u1EC7u ch\xEDnh th\u1ED1ng"),Xt={href:"https://spl.solana.com/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},Yt=n("T\xE0i li\u1EC7u SPL"),Zt={href:"https://jstarry.notion.site/Program-deploys-29780c48794c47308d5f138074dd9838",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},$t=n("Program Deploys by Justin Starry"),tn={href:"https://book.solmeet.dev/notes/solana-starter-kit",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},nn=n("Solana Starter Kit by Iron Addicted Dog"),on={href:"https://paulx.dev/blog/2021/01/14/programming-on-solana-an-introduction/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},rn=n("Programming on Solana by Paulx"),en={href:"https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},cn=n("An Introduction to the Solana Blockchain by Hana"),an={href:"https://github.com/coral-xyz/anchor",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},hn=n("Anchor");function sn(ln,dn){const a=c("RouterLink"),r=c("ExternalLinkIcon");return i(),s(d,null,[g,u,m,t("div",p,[b,t("ul",null,[k,t("li",null,[v,P,f,o(a,{to:"/vi/core-concepts/accounts.html"},{default:l(()=>[y]),_:1}),L]),S,t("li",null,[x,t("a",A,[T,o(r)]),F,t("a",B,[C,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[R,t("a",N,[M,o(r)]),w,t("a",I,[V,o(r)])]),q])]),E,H,D,t("p",null,[j,t("a",K,[z,o(r)]),O,t("a",U,[G,o(r)]),J]),t("p",null,[Q,t("a",W,[X,o(r)]),Y]),t("p",null,[Z,t("a",$,[tt,o(r)]),nt,t("a",ot,[rt,o(r)]),et]),ct,t("p",null,[at,t("a",ht,[it,o(r)]),st,t("a",lt,[dt,o(r)]),_t]),gt,t("p",null,[ut,t("a",mt,[pt,o(r)]),bt]),kt,t("p",null,[vt,t("a",Pt,[ft,o(r)]),yt]),Lt,t("p",null,[St,t("a",xt,[At,o(r)]),Tt]),Ft,t("p",null,[Bt,t("a",Ct,[Rt,o(r)]),Nt,Mt,wt,It,Vt,qt,Et]),t("p",null,[Ht,t("a",Dt,[jt,o(r)]),Kt,zt,Ot,Ut,Gt]),Jt,t("ul",null,[t("li",null,[t("a",Qt,[Wt,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",Xt,[Yt,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",Zt,[$t,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",tn,[nn,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",on,[rn,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",en,[cn,o(r)])]),t("li",null,[t("a",an,[hn,o(r)])])])],64)}var gn=h(_,[["render",sn]]);export{gn as default};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/accounts.html.e2d854ed.js
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import{_ as l,r as o,o as u,c as r,a,b as s,w as c,F as i,d as n,e as t}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const k={},b=a("h1",{id:"accounts-account-lar",tabindex:"-1"},[a("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#accounts-account-lar","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" Accounts (Account\u2019lar)")],-1),m=a("h2",{id:"how-to-create-a-system-account-system-account-olusturma",tabindex:"-1"},[a("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#how-to-create-a-system-account-system-account-olusturma","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),n(" How to create a system account (System account olu\u015Fturma)")],-1),d={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/clients/javascript-reference#systemprogram",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},g=n("Sistem Program\u0131n\u0131"),h=n("n sahip oldu\u011Fu bir account olu\u015Fturun. Solana \xE7al\u0131\u015Fma zaman\u0131, bir account'\u0131n sahibine, verilerine yazma veya lamp ba\u011Flant\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 aktarma eri\u015Fimi verir. Bir account olu\u015Ftururken, bayt ("),f=a("code",null,"space",-1),y=n(") cinsinden sabit bir depolama alan\u0131 ve rent\u2019i kar\u015F\u0131lamak i\xE7in yeterli lamp pay\u0131 \xF6nceden tahsis etmeliyiz. "),_={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},w=n("Rent"),v=n(", Solana'da account'lar\u0131 canl\u0131 tutmak i\xE7in yap\u0131lan bir maliyettir."),P=t(`<div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountParams <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> createAccountTransaction <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>createAccountParams<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> createAccountTransaction<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br></div></div><h2 id="how-to-calculate-account-cost-account-maliyeti-hesaplama" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-calculate-account-cost-account-maliyeti-hesaplama" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to calculate account cost (Account maliyeti hesaplama)</h2>`,2),A=n("Solana'da account'lar\u0131 canl\u0131 tutmak, "),x={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},S=n("rent"),z=n(" ad\u0131 verilen bir depolama maliyeti do\u011Furur. Bir account, en az iki y\u0131ll\u0131k rent yat\u0131r\u0131larak rent tahsilat\u0131ndan tamamen muaf tutulabilir. Hesaplama i\xE7in, account\u2019ta saklamay\u0131 d\xFC\u015F\xFCnd\xFC\u011F\xFCn\xFCz veri miktar\u0131n\u0131 g\xF6z \xF6n\xFCnde bulundurman\u0131z gerekir."),T=t(`<div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> clusterApiUrl <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// length of data in the account to calculate rent for</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> dataLength <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">1500</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> rentExemptionAmount <span class="token operator">=</span>
<span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>dataLength<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
rentExemptionAmount<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h2 id="how-to-calculate-account-cost-account-lar-seed-leri-olusturma" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-calculate-account-cost-account-lar-seed-leri-olusturma" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to calculate account cost (Account\u2019lar seed\u2019leri olu\u015Fturma)</h2><p>Hesaplar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 y\xF6netmek i\xE7in bir \xE7ok farkl\u0131 keypair olu\u015Fturmak yerine <code>createAccountWithSeed</code>'i kullanabilirsiniz.</p><h3 id="generate-uretme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generate-uretme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Generate (\xDCretme)</h3><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code>PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><h3 id="create-olusturma" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#create-olusturma" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Create (Olu\u015Fturma)</h3><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccountWithSeed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// funder</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> owner<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h3 id="transfer-transfer" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#transfer-transfer" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Transfer (Transfer)</h3><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">const</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> derived<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
basePubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> basePubkey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
toPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> Keypair<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">generate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// create a random receiver</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">0.01</span> <span class="token operator">*</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
seed<span class="token operator">:</span> seed<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> <span class="token function">sendAndConfirmTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">,</span> base<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><p>:::\u0130PUCU Sadece sistem program\u0131na ait bir account sistem program\u0131 \xFCzerinden transfer yapabilir. :::</p><h2 id="how-to-create-pdas-pda-leri-olusturma" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-create-pdas-pda-leri-olusturma" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to create PDAs (PDA\u2019leri olu\u015Fturma)</h2>`,11),I={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/calling-between-programs#program-derived-addresses",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},q=n("Programdan t\xFCretilen adres (PDA)"),D=n(", a\u015Fa\u011F\u0131daki farklarla normal bir adres gibidir:"),K=t(`<ol><li>ed25519 e\u011Frisinden d\xFC\u015F\xFCyor</li><li>Private key yerine imzalamak i\xE7in program\u0131 kullanma</li></ol><p><strong>Not</strong>: PDA account'lar\u0131 sadece program \xFCzerinde olu\u015Fturulabilir. Adres client taraf\u0131nda olu\u015Fturulabilir.</p><p>:::\u0130PUCU</p><p>PDA bir program kimli\u011Fi taraf\u0131ndan t\xFCretilmi\u015F olsa da, bu PDA'n\u0131n ayn\u0131 programa ait oldu\u011Fu anlam\u0131na gelmez. (Bir \xF6rnek al\u0131n, PDA'n\u0131z\u0131 token program\u0131na ait bir account olan token account'\u0131 olarak ba\u015Flatabilirsiniz) :::</p><h3 id="generate-a-pda-pda-uretme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#generate-a-pda-pda-uretme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Generate a PDA (PDA \xFCretme)</h3><p><code>findProgramAddress</code>, seed\u2019in sonuna fazladan bir bayt ekleyecektir. 255'ten 0'a ba\u015Flar ve ilk e\u011Fri d\u0131\u015F\u0131 public key\u2019i d\xF6nd\xFCr\xFCr. Ayn\u0131 program kimli\u011Fini ve seed\u2019ini iletirseniz her zaman ayn\u0131 sonucu al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z.</p><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> programId <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"G1DCNUQTSGHehwdLCAmRyAG8hf51eCHrLNUqkgGKYASj"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> PublicKey<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">findProgramAddress</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token punctuation">[</span>Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"test"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token string">bump: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span>bump<span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">, pubkey: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span>pda<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">toBase58</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// you will find the result is different from \`createProgramAddress\`.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It is expected because the real seed we used to calculate is ["test" + bump]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br></div></div><h3 id="create-a-pda-pda-olusturma" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#create-a-pda-pda-olusturma" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Create a PDA (PDA olu\u015Fturma)</h3><p>A\u015Fa\u011F\u0131da, programa ait bir PDA account'\u0131 olu\u015Fturmak i\xE7in \xF6rnek bir program ve program\u0131 client ile \xE7a\u011F\u0131rmak i\xE7in bir \xF6rnek bulunmaktad\u0131r.</p><h4 id="program" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program</h4><p>A\u015Fa\u011F\u0131da, ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015F veri boyutu ile bir account olu\u015Fturan tek bir <code>system_instruction::create_account</code> talimat\u0131 g\xF6sterilmektedir, t\xFCretilmi\u015F PDA i\xE7in <code>rent_lamports</code> miktar\u0131 lamports. Bu, yukar\u0131da tart\u0131\u015F\u0131ld\u0131\u011F\u0131 gibi <code>invoke_signed</code> kullan\u0131larak PDA ile imzalan\u0131r.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">create_account</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
rent_lamports<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
space<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">into</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
program_id
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span>payer_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">as_ref</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br></div></div><h4 id="client" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h4><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token constant">SYSVAR_RENT_PUBKEY</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>data_size<span class="token punctuation">,</span> bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><h2 id="how-to-sign-with-a-pda-pda-ile-imzalama" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-sign-with-a-pda-pda-ile-imzalama" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to sign with a PDA (PDA ile imzalama)</h2><p>PDA'lar yaln\u0131zca program i\xE7inde imzalanabilir. A\u015Fa\u011F\u0131da, bir PDA ile imzalaman\u0131n ve program\u0131 client ile \xE7a\u011F\u0131rman\u0131n bir program \xF6rne\u011Fi verilmi\u015Ftir.</p><h3 id="program-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program</h3><p>A\u015Fa\u011F\u0131da, seed <code>escrow</code> taraf\u0131ndan t\xFCretilen bir PDA'dan SOL'yi aktar\u0131lan bir account'a aktaran tek bir talimat g\xF6sterilmektedir. <code>invoke_signed</code>, PDA ile imzalamak i\xE7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r.</p><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token function">invoke_signed</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token namespace">system_instruction<span class="token punctuation">::</span></span><span class="token function">transfer</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span>to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>key<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token number">100_000_000</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>
pda_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
to_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
system_program_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">clone</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token string">b"escrow"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump_seed<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">?</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br></div></div><h3 id="client-1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client-1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h3><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> tx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> pda<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token comment">// Leave \`false\` here although we need a pda as a signer.</span>
<span class="token comment">// It will be escalated on program if we use invoke_signed.</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> to<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span>programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
data<span class="token operator">:</span> Buffer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">from</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Uint8Array</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span>bump<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token string">txhash: </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">sendTransaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>tx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>feePayer<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br></div></div><h2 id="how-to-get-program-accounts-program-hesaplar\u0131n\u0131-getirme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-get-program-accounts-program-hesaplar\u0131n\u0131-getirme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to get program accounts (Program hesaplar\u0131n\u0131 getirme)</h2>`,22),B=n("Bir programa ait t\xFCm account'lar\u0131 geri d\xF6nd\xFCr\xFCr. "),C=a("code",null,"getProgramAccounts",-1),L=n(" ve yap\u0131land\u0131rmas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda daha fazla bilgi i\xE7in "),U=n("k\u0131lavuzlar"),R=n(" b\xF6l\xFCm\xFCne bak\u0131n."),O=t(`<div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token keyword">import</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span> clusterApiUrl<span class="token punctuation">,</span> Connection<span class="token punctuation">,</span> PublicKey <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">from</span> <span class="token string">"@solana/web3.js"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">async</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=></span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">PublicKey</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token string">"6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U"</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> connection <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Connection</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token function">clusterApiUrl</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"devnet"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"confirmed"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> accounts <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getProgramAccounts</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token string">Accounts for program </span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span><span class="token constant">MY_PROGRAM_ID</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string">: </span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>accounts<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/*
// Output
Accounts for program 6a2GdmttJdanBkoHt7f4Kon4hfadx4UTUgJeRkCaiL3U:
[
{
account: {
data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 05 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fc>,
executable: false,
lamports: 1064880,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 228
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 82fc5b91154dc5c840cb464ba6a89212d0fd789367c0a1488fb1941d78f9727a>
}
},
{
account: {
data: <Buffer 60 06 66 ca 2c 1d c7 85 03 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 04 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 fd>,
executable: false,
lamports: 1064880,
owner: [PublicKey],
rentEpoch: 229
},
pubkey: PublicKey {
_bn: <BN: 404dc1fe368cf194f20cf3c681a071c61893ced98f65cda12ba5a147e984e669>
}
}
]
*/</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br><span class="line-number">43</span><br><span class="line-number">44</span><br><span class="line-number">45</span><br></div></div><h2 id="how-to-close-accounts-account-lar\u0131-kapatma" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-close-accounts-account-lar\u0131-kapatma" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to close accounts (Account\u2019lar\u0131 kapatma)</h2>`,2),H=n("T\xFCm SOL'leri kald\u0131rarak bir account'\u0131 kapatabilirsiniz (depolanan t\xFCm verileri silebilirsiniz). (daha fazla bilgi i\xE7in "),E={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},W=n("rent"),G=n("\u2019e bakabilirsiniz.)"),N=t(`<h4 id="program-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#program-2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Program</h4><div class="language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-rust"><code><span class="token keyword">let</span> dest_starting_lamports <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>dest_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> dest_starting_lamports
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">checked_add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">lamports</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">unwrap</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token operator">*</span><span class="token operator">*</span>source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>lamports<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> <span class="token keyword">mut</span> source_data <span class="token operator">=</span> source_account_info<span class="token punctuation">.</span>data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">borrow_mut</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
source_data<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">fill</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br></div></div><h4 id="client-2" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#client-2" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Client</h4><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token comment">// 1. create an account to your program</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> createNewAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
SystemProgram<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createAccount</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
fromPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
newAccountPubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
lamports<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">1e8</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// 0.1 SOL</span>
space<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token number">10</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token comment">// a random value</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 2. close your account</span>
<span class="token keyword">let</span> closeAccountTx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Transaction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>
<span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">TransactionInstruction</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">{</span>
keys<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> newAccount<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
pubkey<span class="token operator">:</span> feePayer<span class="token punctuation">.</span>publicKey<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isSigner<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">false</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
isWritable<span class="token operator">:</span> <span class="token boolean">true</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span>
programId<span class="token operator">:</span> programId<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><h2 id="how-to-get-account-balance-account-bakiyesi-getirme" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#how-to-get-account-balance-account-bakiyesi-getirme" aria-hidden="true">#</a> How to get account balance (Account bakiyesi getirme)</h2><div class="language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-typescript"><code><span class="token builtin">console</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">log</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token template-string"><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span><span class="token interpolation"><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">\${</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">await</span> connection<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getBalance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>wallet<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">/</span> <span class="token constant">LAMPORTS_PER_SOL</span><span class="token interpolation-punctuation punctuation">}</span></span><span class="token string"> SOL</span><span class="token template-punctuation string">\`</span></span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p><strong>\u0130PUCU</strong></p>`,7),M=n("Bir token bakiyesi almak istiyorsan\u0131z, token account'\u0131n\u0131n adresini bilmeniz gerekir. Daha fazla bilgi i\xE7in bkz. "),$=n("Token Referanslar\u0131");function Y(j,V){const p=o("ExternalLinkIcon"),e=o("RouterLink");return u(),r(i,null,[b,m,a("p",null,[a("a",d,[g,s(p)]),h,f,y,a("a",_,[w,s(p)]),v]),P,a("p",null,[A,a("a",x,[S,s(p)]),z]),T,a("p",null,[a("a",I,[q,s(p)]),D]),K,a("p",null,[B,C,L,s(e,{to:"/tr/guides/get-program-accounts.html"},{default:c(()=>[U]),_:1}),R]),O,a("p",null,[H,a("a",E,[W,s(p)]),G]),N,a("p",null,[M,s(e,{to:"/tr/references/token.html"},{default:c(()=>[$]),_:1})])],64)}var F=l(k,[["render",Y]]);export{F as default};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/distribution.html.1a2e0c57.js
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import{_ as n,r,o as s,c as l,a,b as t,F as i,d as e}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const h={},p=a("h1",{id:"pamamahagi",tabindex:"-1"},[a("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#pamamahagi","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),e(" Pamamahagi")],-1),g=a("p",null,"Ang pamamahagi ng iyong laro ay lubos na nakadepende sa platform na iyong ginagamit. Sa Solana, may mga game SDK na maaari mong buuin para sa IOS, Android, Web at Native Windows o Mac. Gamit ang Unity SDK maaari mo ring ikonekta ang Nintendo Switch o XBox sa Solana ayon sa teorya. Maraming mga kumpanya ng laro ang umiikot sa isang mobile first approach dahil napakaraming tao ang may mga mobile phone sa mundo. Ang mobile ay may sarili nitong mga komplikasyon, kaya dapat mong piliin kung ano ang pinakaangkop sa iyong laro.",-1),c=a("p",null,"Ang Solana ay may natatanging kalamangan sa iba pang mga blockchain platform dahil sa pag-aalok nito ng isang crypto-native na mobile phone, na pinangalanang Saga, na nilagyan ng isang makabagong dApps store. Ang tindahang ito ay nagbibigay-daan sa pamamahagi ng mga larong crypto nang walang mga limitasyong ipinataw ng mga kumbensyonal na tindahan ng app gaya ng Google o Apple.",-1),d=a("h2",{id:"mga-platform-sa-pag-publish",tabindex:"-1"},[a("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#mga-platform-sa-pag-publish","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),e(" Mga Platform sa Pag-publish")],-1),m=a("p",null,"Mga platform kung saan maaari mong i-host ang iyong mga laro",-1),_=a("thead",null,[a("tr",null,[a("th",null,"Platform"),a("th",null,"Description")])],-1),u={href:"https://www.fractal.is/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},f=e("Fractal"),y=a("td",null,"A game publishing platform that supports Solana and Ethereum. They also have their own wallet and account handling and there is an SDK for high scores and tournaments.",-1),b={href:"https://elixir.app/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},k=e("Elixir"),w=a("td",null,"Platform for web3 games that also offers a PC launcher",-1),x=a("td",null,"Self Hosting",-1),A=e("Just host your game yourself. For example using "),S={href:"https://vercel.com/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},v=e("Vercel"),T=e(" which can be easily setup so that a new version get deployed as soon as you push to your repository. Other options are "),F={href:"https://pages.github.com/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},N=e("github pages"),P=e(" or "),D={href:"https://firebase.google.com/docs/hosting",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},E=e("Google Firebase"),B={href:"https://github.com/solana-mobile/dapp-publishing/blob/main/README.md",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},G=e("Solana mobile DApp Store"),M=a("td",null,"The Solana alternative to Google Play and the Apple App Store. A crypto first variant of a dApp store, which is open source free for everyone to use.",-1),K={href:"https://www.apple.com/de/app-store/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},V=e("Apple App Store"),I=a("td",null,"The Apple app store has a high reach and is trusted by its customers. The entrance barrier for crypto games is high though. The rules are very strict for everything that tries to circumvent the fees that Apple takes for in app purchases. A soon as an NFT provides benefits for the player for example Apple requires you for example to have them purchased via their in app purchase system.",-1),C={href:"https://play.google.com/store/games",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},L=e("Google Play Store"),O=a("td",null,"Google is much more crypto friendly and games with NFTs and wallet deep links for example have had a track record of being approved for the official play store.",-1),U={href:"https://www.backpack.app/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},W=e("xNFT Backpack"),q=a("td",null,"Backpack is a Solana wallet which allows you to release apps as xNFTs. They appear in the users wallet as soon as they purchase them as applications. The Unity SDK has a xNFT export and any other web app can be published as xNFT as well.",-1),H=a("tr",null,[a("td"),a("td")],-1);function J(R,X){const o=r("ExternalLinkIcon");return s(),l(i,null,[p,g,c,d,m,a("table",null,[_,a("tbody",null,[a("tr",null,[a("td",null,[a("a",u,[f,t(o)])]),y]),a("tr",null,[a("td",null,[a("a",b,[k,t(o)])]),w]),a("tr",null,[x,a("td",null,[A,a("a",S,[v,t(o)]),T,a("a",F,[N,t(o)]),P,a("a",D,[E,t(o)])])]),a("tr",null,[a("td",null,[a("a",B,[G,t(o)])]),M]),a("tr",null,[a("td",null,[a("a",K,[V,t(o)])]),I]),a("tr",null,[a("td",null,[a("a",C,[L,t(o)])]),O]),a("tr",null,[a("td",null,[a("a",U,[W,t(o)])]),q]),H])])],64)}var z=n(h,[["render",J]]);export{z as default};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/basic-transactions.html.598e40ad.js
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const e={key:"v-5981ffd4",path:"/tr/references/basic-transactions.html",title:"Sending Transactions(\u0130\u015Flem G\xF6nderimi)",lang:"tr-TR",frontmatter:{},excerpt:"",headers:[{level:2,title:"How to send SOL (SOL nas\u0131l g\xF6nderilir)",slug:"how-to-send-sol-sol-nas\u0131l-gonderilir",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to send SPL-Tokens (SPL-Token\u2019lar nas\u0131l g\xF6nderilir)",slug:"how-to-send-spl-tokens-spl-token-lar-nas\u0131l-gonderilir",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to calculate transaction cost (\u0130\u015Flem maliyeti nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r)",slug:"how-to-calculate-transaction-cost-islem-maliyeti-nas\u0131l-hesaplan\u0131r",children:[{level:3,title:"getEstimatedFee",slug:"getestimatedfee",children:[]},{level:3,title:"getFeeForMessage",slug:"getfeeformessage",children:[]}]},{level:2,title:"How to add a memo to a transaction (Bir i\u015Fleme mesaj nas\u0131l eklenir)",slug:"how-to-add-a-memo-to-a-transaction-bir-isleme-mesaj-nas\u0131l-eklenir",children:[]},{level:2,title:"How to change compute budget, fee, & priority for a transaction (Bir i\u015Flem i\xE7in i\u015Flem b\xFCt\xE7esi, bedeli ve \xF6nceli\u011Fi nas\u0131l de\u011Fi\u015Ftirilir)",slug:"how-to-change-compute-budget-fee-priority-for-a-transaction-bir-islem-icin-islem-butcesi-bedeli-ve-onceligi-nas\u0131l-degistirilir",children:[]}],git:{updatedTime:1673624368e3,contributors:[{name:"rbeyzas",email:"[email protected]",commits:1}]},filePathRelative:"tr/references/basic-transactions.md"};export{e as data};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/programs.html.135d8a1e.js
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import{_ as r,r as c,o as i,c as k,b as t,w as a,F as b,a as n,d as s,e as p}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const m={},d=n("h1",{id:"menulis-program",tabindex:"-1"},[n("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#menulis-program","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),s(" Menulis Program")],-1),_=n("h2",{id:"bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-sol-di-dalam-sebuah-program",tabindex:"-1"},[n("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#bagaimana-cara-mentransfer-sol-di-dalam-sebuah-program","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),s(" Bagaimana cara mentransfer SOL di dalam sebuah program")],-1),y=n("p",null,[s("Program Solana anda dapat mentransfer lamports dari sebuah akun ke akun lainnya tanpa 'invoke' program system. Aturan dasar adalah program anda dapat mentransfer lamports dari akun mana saja yang "),n("strong",null,"dimiliki"),s(" oleh program anda ke semua akun.")],-1),g=n("p",null,[s("Penerima akun "),n("strong",null,"tidak harus menjadi"),s(" sebuah akun yang dimilik oleh program anda.")],-1),f=n("div",{class:"language-rust ext-rs line-numbers-mode"},[n("pre",{class:"language-rust"},[n("code",null,[n("span",{class:"token comment"},"/// Transfers lamports from one account (must be program owned)"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"/// to another account. The recipient can by any account"),s(`
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to_account`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"&"),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"AccountInfo"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
amount_of_lamports`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"u64"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
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`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Does the from account have enough lamports to transfer?"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"if"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"*"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"*"),s("from_account"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"try_borrow_lamports"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"?"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"<"),s(" amount_of_lamports "),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"return"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"Err"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"CustomError"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"::"),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"InsufficientFundsForTransaction"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"into"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Debit from_account and credit to_account"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"*"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"*"),s("from_account"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"try_borrow_mut_lamports"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"?"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"-="),s(" amount_of_lamports"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"*"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"*"),s("to_account"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"try_borrow_mut_lamports"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"?"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"+="),s(" amount_of_lamports"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"Ok"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"/// Primary function handler associated with instruction sent"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"/// to your program"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"fn"),s(),n("span",{class:"token function-definition function"},"instruction_handler"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"&"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"AccountInfo"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"->"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"ProgramResult"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Get the 'from' and 'to' accounts"),s(`
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`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"let"),s(" from_account "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token function"},"next_account_info"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("account_info_iter"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"?"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"let"),s(" to_service_account "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token function"},"next_account_info"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("account_info_iter"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"?"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Extract a service 'fee' of 5 lamports for performing this instruction"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token function"},"transfer_service_fee_lamports"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("from_account"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(" to_service_account"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token number"},"5u64"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"?"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Perform the primary instruction"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// ... etc."),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"Ok"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),s(`
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Internal representation of the instruction's return value (Instruction)
Instruction::new_with_bincode(
system_program::id(), // NOT PASSED FROM USER
&SystemInstruction::CreateAccount {
lamports,
space,
owner: *owner,
},
account_metas,
)
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| 0
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/staking.html.79740434.js
|
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`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
memcmp`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
offset`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token number"},"124"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// number of bytes"),s(`
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`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Accounts for program "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"STAKE_PROGRAM_ID"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token string"},": "),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Total number of delegators found for "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"VOTE_PUB_KEY"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token string"}," is: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("length"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"if"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("length"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Sample delegator:"),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"JSON"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"stringify"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),n("span",{class:"token number"},"0"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},`/*
// Output
Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111:
Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
Sample delegator:
{
"account": {
"data": {
"parsed": {
"info": {
"meta": {
"authorized": {
"staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
"withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
},
"lockup": {
"custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
"epoch": 0,
"unixTimestamp": 1822867200
},
"rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
},
"stake": {
"creditsObserved": 58685367,
"delegation": {
"activationEpoch": "208",
"deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
"stake": "433005300621",
"voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
"warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
}
}
},
"type": "delegated"
},
"program": "stake",
"space": 200
},
"executable": false,
"lamports": 433012149261,
"owner": {
"_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
},
"rentEpoch": 264
},
"pubkey": {
"_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
}
}
*/`),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`)])]),n("div",{class:"line-numbers","aria-hidden":"true"},[n("span",{class:"line-number"},"1"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"2"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"3"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"4"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"5"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"6"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"7"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"8"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"9"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"10"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"11"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"12"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"13"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"14"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"15"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"16"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"17"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"18"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"19"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"20"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"21"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"22"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"23"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"24"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"25"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"26"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"27"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"28"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"29"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"30"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"31"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"32"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"33"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"34"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"35"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"36"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"37"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"38"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"39"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"40"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"41"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"42"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"43"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"44"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"45"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"46"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"47"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"48"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"49"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"50"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"51"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"52"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"53"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"54"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"55"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"56"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"57"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"58"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"59"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"60"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"61"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"62"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"63"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"64"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"65"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"66"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"67"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"68"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"69"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"70"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"71"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"72"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"73"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"74"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"75"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"76"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"77"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"78"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"79"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"80"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"81"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"82"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"83"),n("br")])],-1),Z=n("div",{class:"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"},[n("pre",{class:"language-typescript"},[n("code",null,[n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"STAKE_PROGRAM_ID"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"new"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"PublicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111"'),s(`
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`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" connection "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"new"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"Connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token function"},"clusterApiUrl"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"mainnet-beta"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"confirmed"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" accounts "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"getParsedProgramAccounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"STAKE_PROGRAM_ID"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
filters`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
dataSize`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token number"},"200"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// number of bytes"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
memcmp`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
offset`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token number"},"124"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// number of bytes"),s(`
bytes`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"VOTE_PUB_KEY"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// base58 encoded string"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Accounts for program "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"STAKE_PROGRAM_ID"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token string"},": "),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Total number of delegators found for "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"VOTE_PUB_KEY"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token string"}," is: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("length"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"if"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("length"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Sample delegator:"),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"JSON"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"stringify"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("accounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),n("span",{class:"token number"},"0"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},`/*
// Output
Accounts for program Stake11111111111111111111111111111111111111:
Total number of delegators found for 27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x is: 184
Sample delegator:
{
"account": {
"data": {
"parsed": {
"info": {
"meta": {
"authorized": {
"staker": "3VDVh3rHTLkNJp6FVYbuFcaihYBFCQX5VSBZk23ckDGV",
"withdrawer": "EhYXq3ANp5nAerUpbSgd7VK2RRcxK1zNuSQ755G5Mtxx"
},
"lockup": {
"custodian": "3XdBZcURF5nKg3oTZAcfQZg8XEc5eKsx6vK8r3BdGGxg",
"epoch": 0,
"unixTimestamp": 1822867200
},
"rentExemptReserve": "2282880"
},
"stake": {
"creditsObserved": 58685367,
"delegation": {
"activationEpoch": "208",
"deactivationEpoch": "18446744073709551615",
"stake": "433005300621",
"voter": "27MtjMSAQ2BGkXNuJEJkxFyCJT8dugGAaHJ9T7Gc6x4x",
"warmupCooldownRate": 0.25
}
}
},
"type": "delegated"
},
"program": "stake",
"space": 200
},
"executable": false,
"lamports": 433012149261,
"owner": {
"_bn": "06a1d8179137542a983437bdfe2a7ab2557f535c8a78722b68a49dc000000000"
},
"rentEpoch": 264
},
"pubkey": {
"_bn": "0dc8b506f95e52c9ac725e714c7078799dd3268df562161411fe0916a4dc0a43"
}
}
*/`),s(`
`)])]),n("div",{class:"line-numbers","aria-hidden":"true"},[n("span",{class:"line-number"},"1"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"2"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"3"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"4"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"5"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"6"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"7"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"8"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"9"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"10"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"11"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"12"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"13"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"14"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"15"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"16"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"17"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"18"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"19"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"20"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"21"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"22"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"23"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"24"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"25"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"26"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"27"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"28"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"29"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"30"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"31"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"32"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"33"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"34"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"35"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"36"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"37"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"38"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"39"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"40"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"41"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"42"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"43"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"44"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"45"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"46"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"47"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"48"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"49"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"50"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"51"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"52"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"53"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"54"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"55"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"56"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"57"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"58"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"59"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"60"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"61"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"62"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"63"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"64"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"65"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"66"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"67"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"68"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"69"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"70"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"71"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"72"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"73"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"74"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"75"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"76"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"77"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"78"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"79"),n("br")])],-1),nn=n("h2",{id:"desativar-stake",tabindex:"-1"},[n("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#desativar-stake","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),s(" Desativar Stake")],-1),sn=n("p",null,[s("A qualquer momento ap\xF3s uma conta de stake ser delegada, a "),n("code",null,"Stake Authority"),s(" pode optar por desativar a conta. A desativa\xE7\xE3o pode levar v\xE1rias \xE9pocas para ser conclu\xEDda e \xE9 necess\xE1ria antes que qualquer SOL seja sacado.")],-1),an=n("div",{class:"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"},[n("pre",{class:"language-typescript"},[n("code",null,[n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"import"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
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Authorized`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
sendAndConfirmTransaction`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
Lockup`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
PublicKey`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"from"),s(),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"@solana/web3.js"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"async"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"=>"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Setup our connection and wallet"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" connection "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"new"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"Connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token function"},"clusterApiUrl"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"devnet"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"confirmed"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" wallet "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" Keypair"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"generate"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Fund our wallet with 1 SOL"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" airdropSignature "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"requestAirdrop"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
wallet`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"confirmTransaction"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("airdropSignature"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Create a keypair for our stake account"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" stakeAccount "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" Keypair"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"generate"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Calculate how much we want to stake"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" minimumRent "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"getMinimumBalanceForRentExemption"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
StakeProgram`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s(`space
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" amountUserWantsToStake "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL"),s(),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"/"),s(),n("span",{class:"token number"},"2"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// This is can be user input. For now, we'll hardcode to 0.5 SOL"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" amountToStake "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" minimumRent "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"+"),s(" amountUserWantsToStake"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Setup a transaction to create our stake account"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Note: `StakeProgram.createAccount` returns a `Transaction` preconfigured with the necessary `TransactionInstruction`s"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" createStakeAccountTx "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" StakeProgram"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"createAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
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fromPubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" wallet"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
lamports`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" amountToStake"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
lockup`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"new"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"Lockup"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token number"},"0"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token number"},"0"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(" wallet"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Optional. We'll set this to 0 for demonstration purposes."),s(`
stakePubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" stakeAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" createStakeAccountTxId "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(),n("span",{class:"token function"},"sendAndConfirmTransaction"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
connection`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
createStakeAccountTx`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),s(`
wallet`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
stakeAccount`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Since we're creating a new stake account, we have that account sign as well"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Stake account created. Tx Id: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("createStakeAccountTxId"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Check our newly created stake account balance. This should be 0.5 SOL."),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"let"),s(" stakeBalance "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"getBalance"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("stakeAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Stake account balance: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("stakeBalance "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"/"),s(),n("span",{class:"token constant"},"LAMPORTS_PER_SOL"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token string"}," SOL"),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Verify the status of our stake account. This will start as inactive and will take some time to activate."),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"let"),s(" stakeStatus "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"getStakeActivation"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("stakeAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Stake account status: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("stakeStatus"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("state"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// To delegate our stake, we first have to select a validator. Here we get all validators and select the first active one."),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" validators "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"getVoteAccounts"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" selectedValidator "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" validators"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("current"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),n("span",{class:"token number"},"0"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" selectedValidatorPubkey "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"new"),s(),n("span",{class:"token class-name"},"PublicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("selectedValidator"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("votePubkey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// With a validator selected, we can now setup a transaction that delegates our stake to their vote account."),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" delegateTx "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" StakeProgram"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"delegate"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
stakePubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" stakeAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
authorizedPubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" wallet"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
votePubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" selectedValidatorPubkey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" delegateTxId "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(),n("span",{class:"token function"},"sendAndConfirmTransaction"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(" delegateTx"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),s(`
wallet`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Stake account delegated to "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("selectedValidatorPubkey"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token string"},". Tx Id: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("delegateTxId"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Check in on our stake account. It should now be activating."),s(`
stakeStatus `),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(" connection"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"getStakeActivation"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("stakeAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Stake account status: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("stakeStatus"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("state"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// At anytime we can choose to deactivate our stake. Our stake account must be inactive before we can withdraw funds."),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" deactivateTx "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(" StakeProgram"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"deactivate"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
stakePubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" stakeAccount"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
authorizedPubkey`),n("span",{class:"token operator"},":"),s(" wallet"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),s("publicKey"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"const"),s(" deactivateTxId "),n("span",{class:"token operator"},"="),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"await"),s(),n("span",{class:"token function"},"sendAndConfirmTransaction"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s(`
connection`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
deactivateTx`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"["),s("wallet"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"]"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token builtin"},"console"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"log"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),n("span",{class:"token template-string"},[n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`"),n("span",{class:"token string"},"Stake account deactivated. Tx Id: "),n("span",{class:"token interpolation"},[n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"${"),s("deactivateTxId"),n("span",{class:"token interpolation-punctuation punctuation"},"}")]),n("span",{class:"token template-punctuation string"},"`")]),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token comment"},"// Check in on our stake account. It should now be inactive."),s(`
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`)])]),n("div",{class:"line-numbers","aria-hidden":"true"},[n("span",{class:"line-number"},"1"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"2"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"3"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"4"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"5"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"6"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"7"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"8"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"9"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"10"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"11"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"12"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"13"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"14"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"15"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"16"),n("br")])],-1);function ln(un,rn){const l=e("CodeGroupItem"),i=e("CodeGroup"),p=e("ExternalLinkIcon"),u=e("RouterLink"),o=e("SolanaCodeGroupItem"),c=e("SolanaCodeGroup");return k(),b(m,null,[g,w,y,t(i,null,{default:a(()=>[t(l,{title:"TS",active:""},{default:a(()=>[h]),_:1}),t(l,{title:"CLI"},{default:a(()=>[f]),_:1})]),_:1}),S,n("p",null,[A,n("a",_,[T,t(p)]),v,n("a",P,[x,t(p)]),K,t(u,{to:"/pt/references/accounts.html#create-a-system-account"},{default:a(()=>[O]),_:1}),L,C,R,I,E]),t(c,null,{default:a(()=>[t(o,{title:"TS",active:""},{default:a(()=>[B]),preview:a(()=>[V]),_:1})]),_:1}),M,$,t(c,null,{default:a(()=>[t(o,{title:"TS",active:""},{default:a(()=>[G]),preview:a(()=>[z]),_:1})]),_:1}),U,n("p",null,[F,J,W,N,q,t(u,{to:"/guides/get-program-accounts.html"},{default:a(()=>[H]),_:1}),D,n("a",j,[X,t(p)]),Q]),t(c,null,{default:a(()=>[t(o,{title:"TS",active:""},{default:a(()=>[Y]),preview:a(()=>[Z]),_:1})]),_:1}),nn,sn,t(c,null,{default:a(()=>[t(o,{title:"TS",active:""},{default:a(()=>[an]),preview:a(()=>[tn]),_:1})]),_:1}),en,on,t(c,null,{default:a(()=>[t(o,{title:"TS",active:""},{default:a(()=>[cn]),preview:a(()=>[pn]),_:1})]),_:1})],64)}var bn=r(d,[["render",ln]]);export{bn as default};
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/debugging-solana-programs.html.56d02641.js
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import{_ as t,r as o,o as r,c as l,a,b as s,F as p,e as i,d as e}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const c={},d=i(`<h1 id="debugging-solana-programs" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#debugging-solana-programs" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Debugging Solana Programs</h1><p>\u0E21\u0E35\u0E17\u0E32\u0E07\u0E40\u0E25\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E01 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E40\u0E04\u0E23\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E21\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E2A\u0E19\u0E31\u0E1A\u0E2A\u0E19\u0E38\u0E19\u0E21\u0E32\u0E01\u0E21\u0E32\u0E22\u0E2A\u0E33\u0E2B\u0E23\u0E31\u0E1A\u0E17\u0E14\u0E2A\u0E2D\u0E1A \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 debugging Solana BPF program.</p><h2 id="\u0E40\u0E23\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E19\u0E48\u0E32\u0E23\u0E39\u0E49" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u0E40\u0E23\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E19\u0E48\u0E32\u0E23\u0E39\u0E49" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u0E40\u0E23\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E19\u0E48\u0E32\u0E23\u0E39\u0E49</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>crate <code>solana-program-test</code> \u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49 <strong><em>local runtime</em></strong> \u0E02\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16 test \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 debug program \u0E44\u0E14\u0E49 (\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22 vscode).</li><li>crate <code>solana-validator</code> \u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49 <code>solana-test-validator</code> \u0E01\u0E32\u0E23 test \u0E1A\u0E19 <strong><em>local validator node</em></strong> \u0E17\u0E33\u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E14\u0E35\u0E02\u0E36\u0E49\u0E19 \u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16 run \u0E08\u0E32\u0E01 editor \u0E44\u0E14\u0E49 <strong><em>\u0E41\u0E15\u0E48 breakpoints \u0E43\u0E19 program \u0E08\u0E30\u0E16\u0E39\u0E01\u0E21\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E02\u0E49\u0E32\u0E21\u0E44\u0E1B</em></strong>.</li><li>\u0E40\u0E04\u0E23\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E21\u0E37\u0E2D CLI <code>solana-test-validator</code> runs, loads program \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E1B\u0E23\u0E30\u0E21\u0E27\u0E25\u0E1C\u0E25 transaction \u0E42\u0E14\u0E22\u0E17\u0E33\u0E07\u0E32\u0E19\u0E1C\u0E48\u0E32\u0E19 command line \u0E01\u0E31\u0E1A Rust applications \u0E2B\u0E23\u0E37\u0E2D Javascript/Typescript app \u0E42\u0E14\u0E22\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 web3.</li><li>\u0E17\u0E31\u0E49\u0E07\u0E2B\u0E21\u0E14\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32 \u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E41\u0E19\u0E30\u0E19\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 macro <code>msg!</code> \u0E43\u0E19 program \u0E43\u0E19\u0E15\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E40\u0E23\u0E34\u0E48\u0E21 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E40\u0E2D\u0E32\u0E2D\u0E2D\u0E2D\u0E01\u0E40\u0E21\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D test \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E21\u0E31\u0E48\u0E19\u0E43\u0E08\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32\u0E17\u0E33\u0E07\u0E32\u0E19\u0E16\u0E39\u0E01\u0E41\u0E25\u0E49\u0E27\u0E41\u0E25\u0E49\u0E27 \u0E08\u0E33\u0E44\u0E27\u0E49\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32 <code>msg!</code> \u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 Compute Units \u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E17\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49 program \u0E25\u0E49\u0E21\u0E40\u0E2B\u0E25\u0E27\u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E16\u0E49\u0E32\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 Compute Unit \u0E40\u0E01\u0E34\u0E19\u0E04\u0E48\u0E32\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E01\u0E33\u0E2B\u0E19\u0E14\u0E44\u0E27\u0E49.</li></ul></div><p>\u0E02\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19\u0E15\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E15\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E08\u0E30\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 <a href="#resources">solana-program-bpf-template</a>. Clone \u0E44\u0E1B\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E40\u0E04\u0E23\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E02\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32:</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">git</span> clone [email protected]:mvines/solana-bpf-program-template.git
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-bpf-program-template
code <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h2 id="runtime-testing-\u0E41\u0E25\u0E30-debugging-\u0E43\u0E19-editor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#runtime-testing-\u0E41\u0E25\u0E30-debugging-\u0E43\u0E19-editor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Runtime Testing \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 Debugging \u0E43\u0E19 editor</h2><p>\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 file <code>src/lib.rs</code></p><p>\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E08\u0E30\u0E40\u0E2B\u0E47\u0E19\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32 program \u0E19\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19\u0E07\u0E48\u0E32\u0E22\u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 \u0E41\u0E04\u0E48 logs \u0E15\u0E31\u0E27 content \u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E23\u0E31\u0E1A\u0E21\u0E32\u0E08\u0E32\u0E01 program entrypoint function: <code>process_instruction</code></p><ol><li>\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E15\u0E23\u0E07\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 <code>#[cfg(test)]</code> \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E01\u0E14 <code>Run Tests</code> \u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E01\u0E47\u0E08\u0E30 build program \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E01\u0E32\u0E23 test <code>async fn test_transaction()</code> \u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E08\u0E30\u0E40\u0E2B\u0E47\u0E19 log messages (\u0E41\u0E1A\u0E1A\u0E22\u0E48\u0E2D)\u0E43\u0E19 vscode terminal \u0E15\u0E32\u0E21\u0E02\u0E49\u0E32\u0E07\u0E25\u0E48\u0E32\u0E07\u0E19\u0E35\u0E49:</li></ol><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
<span class="token string">"bpf_program_template"</span> program loaded as native code
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test::test_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">33</span>.41s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br></div></div><ol start="2"><li>\u0E15\u0E31\u0E49\u0E07 breakpoint \u0E43\u0E19 programs \u0E15\u0E23\u0E07 <code>msg!</code> \u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E1A\u0E23\u0E23\u0E17\u0E31\u0E14 (11)</li><li>\u0E01\u0E25\u0E31\u0E1A\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 test module, \u0E01\u0E14 <code>Debug</code> \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E44\u0E21\u0E48\u0E01\u0E35\u0E48\u0E27\u0E34\u0E19\u0E32\u0E17\u0E35 debugger \u0E08\u0E30\u0E27\u0E34\u0E48\u0E07\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E2B\u0E22\u0E38\u0E14\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 breakpoint \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E01\u0E47\u0E08\u0E30\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16\u0E14\u0E39 data, \u0E2B\u0E22\u0E38\u0E14\u0E17\u0E33 functions \u0E44\u0E1B\u0E17\u0E35\u0E25\u0E30\u0E02\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E2D\u0E37\u0E48\u0E19\u0E46..</li></ol><p>tests \u0E40\u0E2B\u0E25\u0E48\u0E32\u0E19\u0E35\u0E49\u0E22\u0E31\u0E07\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16 run \u0E08\u0E32\u0E01 command line \u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22: <code>cargo test</code> \u0E2B\u0E23\u0E37\u0E2D <code>cargo test-bpf</code> \u0E41\u0E15\u0E48 breakpoints \u0E08\u0E30\u0E16\u0E39\u0E01\u0E02\u0E49\u0E32\u0E21\u0E44\u0E1B</p><p>\u0E25\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E14\u0E39\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E08\u0E30\u0E2A\u0E19\u0E38\u0E01\u0E01\u0E31\u0E1A\u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E16\u0E36\u0E07\u0E44\u0E2B\u0E19!</p><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Note</p><p>\u0E08\u0E33\u0E44\u0E27\u0E49\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E44\u0E21\u0E48\u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 validator node \u0E14\u0E31\u0E07\u0E19\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19 default programs, blockhashes, \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E2D\u0E37\u0E48\u0E19\u0E46 \u0E08\u0E30\u0E44\u0E21\u0E48\u0E21\u0E35 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E15\u0E31\u0E27\u0E44\u0E21\u0E48\u0E40\u0E2B\u0E21\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E15\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E17\u0E33\u0E07\u0E32\u0E19\u0E43\u0E19 validator node. \u0E19\u0E35\u0E48\u0E04\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E40\u0E2B\u0E15\u0E38\u0E27\u0E48\u0E32\u0E17\u0E33\u0E44\u0E21\u0E0A\u0E32\u0E27 Solana \u0E16\u0E36\u0E07\u0E17\u0E33 Local Validator Node testing \u0E21\u0E32\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22!</p></div><h2 id="\u0E17\u0E14\u0E2A\u0E2D\u0E1A\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22-local-validator-node-\u0E43\u0E19-editor" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u0E17\u0E14\u0E2A\u0E2D\u0E1A\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22-local-validator-node-\u0E43\u0E19-editor" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u0E17\u0E14\u0E2A\u0E2D\u0E1A\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22 Local Validator Node \u0E43\u0E19 editor</h2><p>\u0E17\u0E14\u0E2A\u0E2D\u0E1A\u0E01\u0E32\u0E23 integration \u0E42\u0E14\u0E22\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 local validator node \u0E08\u0E30\u0E16\u0E39\u0E01\u0E1B\u0E23\u0E30\u0E01\u0E32\u0E28\u0E44\u0E27\u0E49\u0E43\u0E19 <code>tests/integration.rs</code> file.</p><p>\u0E15\u0E32\u0E21\u0E1B\u0E01\u0E15\u0E34\u0E41\u0E25\u0E49\u0E27 template repo integration tests \u0E08\u0E30 run \u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E40\u0E09\u0E1E\u0E32\u0E30\u0E1A\u0E19 command line \u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22\u0E04\u0E33\u0E2A\u0E31\u0E48\u0E07 <code>cargo test-bpf</code> \u0E02\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19\u0E15\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E15\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E19\u0E35\u0E49\u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32 run \u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E43\u0E19 editor \u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22 \u0E40\u0E2B\u0E21\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E41\u0E2A\u0E14\u0E07 program validator logs \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 <code>msg!</code> outputs \u0E08\u0E32\u0E01 program \u0E02\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32:</p><ol><li>\u0E43\u0E19 repo directory run <code>cargo build-bpf</code> \u0E40\u0E1E\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D build program \u0E15\u0E31\u0E27\u0E2D\u0E22\u0E48\u0E32\u0E07</li><li>\u0E43\u0E19 editor, \u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 <code>tests/integration.rs</code></li><li>Comment \u0E1A\u0E23\u0E23\u0E17\u0E31\u0E14\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 1 \u0E2D\u0E2D\u0E01 -> <code>// #![cfg(feature = "test-bpf")]</code></li><li>\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E1A\u0E23\u0E23\u0E17\u0E31\u0E14\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 19 \u0E40\u0E1B\u0E25\u0E35\u0E48\u0E22\u0E19\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E47\u0E19: <code>.add_program("target/deploy/bpf_program_template", program_id)</code></li><li>\u0E41\u0E17\u0E23\u0E01 code \u0E19\u0E35\u0E49\u0E25\u0E07\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E1A\u0E23\u0E23\u0E17\u0E31\u0E14\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 22 <code>solana_logger::setup_with_default("solana_runtime::message=debug");</code></li><li>\u0E01\u0E14 <code>Run Test</code> \u0E40\u0E2B\u0E19\u0E37\u0E2D <code>test_validator_transaction()</code> function</li></ol><p>\u0E02\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19\u0E15\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E14\u0E31\u0E07\u0E01\u0E25\u0E48\u0E32\u0E27\u0E08\u0E30 load validator node \u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E41\u0E25\u0E49\u0E27\u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E2A\u0E23\u0E49\u0E32\u0E07 transaction (\u0E14\u0E49\u0E27\u0E22 Rust) \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E2A\u0E48\u0E07\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 node \u0E42\u0E14\u0E22\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 <code>RcpClient</code></p><p>\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E08\u0E30\u0E40\u0E2B\u0E47\u0E19 program output \u0E41\u0E2A\u0E14\u0E07\u0E2D\u0E22\u0E39\u0E48\u0E43\u0E19 editor terminal \u0E15\u0E31\u0E27\u0E2D\u0E22\u0E48\u0E32\u0E07\u0E40\u0E0A\u0E48\u0E19 (\u0E41\u0E1A\u0E1A\u0E22\u0E48\u0E2D):</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>running <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">test</span>
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Waiting <span class="token keyword">for</span> fees to stabilize <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM invoke <span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program log: process_instruction: 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM: <span class="token number">1</span> accounts, <span class="token assign-left variable">data</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span>, <span class="token number">2</span>, <span class="token number">3</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM consumed <span class="token number">13027</span> of <span class="token number">200000</span> compute <span class="token function">units</span>
Program 4uQeVj5tqViQh7yWWGStvkEG1Zmhx6uasJtWCJziofM success
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> test_validator_transaction <span class="token punctuation">..</span>. ok
<span class="token builtin class-name">test</span> result: ok. <span class="token number">1</span> passed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> failed<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> ignored<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> measured<span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token number">0</span> filtered out<span class="token punctuation">;</span> finished <span class="token keyword">in</span> <span class="token number">6</span>.40s
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br></div></div><p>\u0E01\u0E32\u0E23 Debugging \u0E41\u0E1A\u0E1A\u0E19\u0E35\u0E49\u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16 debug functions \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 methods \u0E43\u0E19 <strong><em>test body</em></strong> \u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E41\u0E15\u0E48\u0E08\u0E30\u0E44\u0E21\u0E48\u0E21\u0E35 breakpoint \u0E43\u0E19 program.</p><p>\u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E40\u0E08\u0E4B\u0E07\u0E21\u0E32\u0E01\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E48\u0E21\u0E31\u0E49\u0E22\u0E25\u0E48\u0E30?</p><h2 id="local-validator-node-testing-from-client-apps" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#local-validator-node-testing-from-client-apps" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Local Validator Node Testing from Client Apps</h2><p>\u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E2A\u0E38\u0E14\u0E17\u0E49\u0E32\u0E22\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 local validating node \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 load program \u0E02\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 accounts \u0E43\u0E14\u0E46 \u0E40\u0E02\u0E49\u0E32\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E42\u0E14\u0E22\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 <code>solana-test-validator</code> \u0E08\u0E32\u0E01 command line.</p><p>\u0E08\u0E30\u0E17\u0E33\u0E27\u0E34\u0E18\u0E35\u0E19\u0E35\u0E49\u0E44\u0E14\u0E49\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E08\u0E30\u0E15\u0E49\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 client application \u0E42\u0E14\u0E22\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 Rust <a href="#resources">RcpClient</a> \u0E2B\u0E23\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E43\u0E0A\u0E49 <a href="#resources">JavaScript or Typescript clients</a></p><p>\u0E25\u0E2D\u0E07 <code>solana-test-validator --help</code> \u0E2A\u0E33\u0E2B\u0E23\u0E31\u0E1A\u0E23\u0E32\u0E22\u0E25\u0E30\u0E40\u0E2D\u0E35\u0E22\u0E14\u0E40\u0E1E\u0E34\u0E48\u0E21\u0E40\u0E15\u0E34\u0E21 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E15\u0E31\u0E27\u0E40\u0E25\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E01\u0E2D\u0E37\u0E48\u0E19\u0E46 \u0E2A\u0E33\u0E2B\u0E23\u0E31\u0E1A program \u0E15\u0E31\u0E27\u0E2D\u0E22\u0E48\u0E32\u0E07\u0E14\u0E49\u0E32\u0E19\u0E25\u0E48\u0E32\u0E07\u0E19\u0E35\u0E48\u0E04\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E02\u0E31\u0E49\u0E19\u0E15\u0E2D\u0E19\u0E15\u0E34\u0E14\u0E15\u0E31\u0E49\u0E07:</p><ol><li>\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 terminal \u0E43\u0E19 repo folder</li><li>Run <code>solana config set -ul</code> \u0E40\u0E1E\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E15\u0E31\u0E49\u0E07\u0E04\u0E48\u0E32\u0E15\u0E31\u0E27\u0E40\u0E25\u0E37\u0E2D\u0E01\u0E43\u0E2B\u0E49\u0E0A\u0E35\u0E49\u0E44\u0E1B\u0E17\u0E35\u0E48 local</li><li>Run <code>solana-test-validator --bpf-program target/deploy/bpf_program_template-keypair.json target/deploy/bpf_program_template.so</code></li><li>\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 terminal \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30 run <code>solana logs</code> \u0E40\u0E1E\u0E37\u0E48\u0E2D\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 log streamer</li><li>\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E2A\u0E32\u0E21\u0E32\u0E23\u0E16 run client program \u0E02\u0E2D\u0E07\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32 \u0E41\u0E25\u0E30\u0E14\u0E39 program output \u0E43\u0E19 terminal \u0E17\u0E35\u0E48\u0E40\u0E23\u0E32\u0E40\u0E1B\u0E34\u0E14 log streamer \u0E44\u0E27\u0E49</li></ol><p>\u0E19\u0E35\u0E48\u0E21\u0E31\u0E19\u0E14\u0E35\u0E21\u0E32\u0E01\u0E40\u0E25\u0E22\u0E19\u0E30!</p><h2 id="resources" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#resources" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Resources</h2>`,31),u={href:"https://github.com/mvines/solana-bpf-program-template",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},m=e("solana-program-bpf-template"),g={href:"https://docs.rs/solana-client/latest/solana_client/rpc_client/struct.RpcClient.html",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},b=e("RcpClient"),k={href:"https://solana-labs.github.io/solana-web3.js/",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},h=e("JavaScript/Typescript Library");function f(v,_){const n=o("ExternalLinkIcon");return r(),l(p,null,[d,a("p",null,[a("a",u,[m,s(n)])]),a("p",null,[a("a",g,[b,s(n)])]),a("p",null,[a("a",k,[h,s(n)])])],64)}var W=t(c,[["render",f]]);export{W as default};
| 0
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/transactions.html.f5f36a28.js
|
import{_ as i,r as a,o as l,c,a as e,b as t,w as d,F as _,d as o,e as s}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const h={},p=e("h1",{id:"\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B5\u3099\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B5\u3099\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),o(" \u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3")],-1),u=o("\u30AF\u30E9\u30A4\u30A2\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3092\u30AF\u30E9\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u306B\u9001\u4FE1\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u3067 "),m=o("programs"),b=o(" \u3092\u547C\u3073\u51FA\u305B\u307E\u3059\u3002"),f=e("br",null,null,-1),g=o(" 1 \u3064\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B\u8907\u6570\u306EInstructions(\u547D\u4EE4)\u3092\u542B\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u3001\u305D\u308C\u305E\u308C\u304C\u72EC\u81EA\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30E0\u3092\u5BFE\u8C61\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307E\u3059\u3002 \u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u304C\u9001\u4FE1\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3068\u3001Solana "),k={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/runtime",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},x=o("Runtime"),S=o(" \u306F \u305D\u306E\u547D\u4EE4\u3092\u9806\u756A\u306B\u304B\u3064\u3001\u30A2\u30C8\u30DF\u30C3\u30AF\u306B\u51E6\u7406\u3057\u307E\u3059\u3002"),v=e("br",null,null,-1),y=o(" \u3064\u307E\u308A\u3001\u4E00\u90E8\u306E\u547D\u4EE4\u304C\u5931\u6557\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u5168\u4F53\u304C\u5931\u6557\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51E6\u7406\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002"),T=s('<h2 id="\u6982\u8981" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u6982\u8981" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u6982\u8981</h2><div class="custom-container tip"><p class="custom-container-title">Fact Sheet</p><ul><li>Instructions(\u547D\u4EE4) \u306F\u3001Solana \u306E\u6700\u3082\u57FA\u672C\u7684\u306A\u64CD\u4F5C\u5358\u4F4D\u3067\u3059\u3002</li><li>\u305D\u308C\u305E\u308C\u306E\u547D\u4EE4\u306B\u306F\u6B21\u306E\u3082\u306E\u304C\u542B\u307E\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002: <ul><li>\u76EE\u7684\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30E0\u306E <code>program_id</code></li><li>\u8AAD\u66F8\u3092\u884C\u3046\u4E88\u5B9A\u306E\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E <code>accounts</code> \u3092\u683C\u7D0D\u3059\u308B\u914D\u5217</li><li>\u76EE\u7684\u306E\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30E0\u306B\u56FA\u6709\u306E <code>instruction_data</code> \u30D0\u30A4\u30C8\u914D\u5217</li></ul></li><li>\u8907\u6570\u306E\u547D\u4EE4\u3092 1 \u3064\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B\u307E\u3068\u3081\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u307E\u3059\u3002</li><li>\u305D\u308C\u305E\u308C\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B\u306F\u6B21\u306E\u3082\u306E\u304C\u542B\u307E\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002: <ul><li>\u8AAD\u66F8\u3092\u884C\u3046\u4E88\u5B9A\u306E\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E <code>accounts</code> \u3092\u683C\u7D0D\u3059\u308B\u914D\u5217</li><li>1 \u3064\u4EE5\u4E0A\u306E <code>instructions</code>(\u547D\u4EE4)</li><li>\u6700\u8FD1\u306E <code>blockhash</code></li><li>1 \u3064\u4EE5\u4E0A\u306E <code>signatures</code>(\u7F72\u540D)</li></ul></li><li>\u547D\u4EE4\u306F\u9806\u756A\u306B\u3001\u304B\u3064\u30A2\u30C8\u30DF\u30C3\u30AF\u306B\u51E6\u7406\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002</li><li>\u4E00\u90E8\u306E\u547D\u4EE4\u304C\u5931\u6557\u3059\u308B\u3068\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u5168\u4F53\u304C\u5931\u6557\u3068\u3057\u3066\u51E6\u7406\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002</li><li>\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306F 1232 \u30D0\u30A4\u30C8\u306B\u5236\u9650\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u307E\u3059\u3002</li></ul></div><h2 id="\u8A73\u7D30" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u8A73\u7D30" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u8A73\u7D30</h2><p>Solana\u30E9\u30F3\u30BF\u30A4\u30E0\u3067\u306F\u3001\u547D\u4EE4\u3084\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3067\u8AAD\u307F\u66F8\u304D\u3092\u884C\u3046\u4E88\u5B9A\u306E\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30EA\u30B9\u30C8\u304C\u660E\u793A\u3055\u308C\u3066\u3044\u308B\u5FC5\u8981\u304C\u3042\u308A\u307E\u3059\u3002 <br> \u3053\u308C\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u30E9\u30F3\u30BF\u30A4\u30E0\u306F\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306E\u4E26\u5217\u5B9F\u884C\u304C\u53EF\u80FD\u306B\u306A\u308A\u307E\u3059\u3002</p><p>\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u304C\u30AF\u30E9\u30B9\u30BF\u30FC\u306B\u9001\u4FE1\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3068\u3001\u30E9\u30F3\u30BF\u30A4\u30E0\u306F\u305D\u306E\u547D\u4EE4\u3092\u9806\u756A\u306B\u30A2\u30C8\u30DF\u30C3\u30AF\u306B\u51E6\u7406\u3057\u307E\u3059\u3002 \u547D\u4EE4\u3054\u3068\u306B\u3001\u53D7\u4FE1\u5074\u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30E0\u306F\u30C7\u30FC\u30BF\u914D\u5217\u3092\u89E3\u91C8\u3057\u3001\u6307\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u305F\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u3092\u64CD\u4F5C\u3057\u307E\u3059\u3002 <br> \u30D7\u30ED\u30B0\u30E9\u30E0\u306F\u6B63\u5E38\u7D42\u4E86\u3059\u308B\u304B\u3001\u30A8\u30E9\u30FC\u30B3\u30FC\u30C9\u3092\u8FD4\u3057\u3001\u30A8\u30E9\u30FC\u304C\u8FD4\u3055\u308C\u305F\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u5168\u4F53\u304C\u3059\u3050\u306B\u5931\u6557\u3057\u307E\u3059\u3002</p><p>\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u306E\u5F15\u304D\u843D\u3068\u3057\u307E\u305F\u306F\u305D\u306E\u30C7\u30FC\u30BF\u306E\u5909\u66F4\u3092\u76EE\u7684\u3068\u3059\u308B\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B\u306F\u3001 \u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u6240\u6709\u8005\u306E\u306E\u7F72\u540D\u304C\u5FC5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u5909\u66F4\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u306F <code>writable</code>\u3068\u3057\u3066\u30DE\u30FC\u30AF\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002 <br> \u53D6\u5F15\u624B\u6570\u6599\u306E\u652F\u6255\u8005\u304C\u5FC5\u8981\u306Arent\u3068\u53D6\u5F15\u624B\u6570\u6599\u3092\u8CC4\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u308C\u3070\u3001\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u6240\u6709\u8005\u306E\u8A31\u53EF\u306A\u304F\u5165\u91D1\u3059\u308B\u3053\u3068\u304C\u53EF\u80FD\u3067\u3059\u3002</p>',6),w=o("\u9001\u4FE1\u3059\u308B\u524D\u306B\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306F "),F={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions#recent-blockhash",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},I=o("\u6700\u8FD1\u306Eblockhash"),L=o("\u3092\u78BA\u8A8D\u3059\u308B\u5FC5\u8981\u304C\u3042\u308A\u307E\u3059\u3002blockhash\u306F\u91CD\u8907\u3092\u9632\u304E\u3001\u53E4\u3044\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002\u3053\u306E\u8A18\u4E8B\u306E\u57F7\u7B46\u6642\u70B9\u3067\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306E\u30D6\u30ED\u30C3\u30AF\u30CF\u30C3\u30B7\u30E5\u306E\u6700\u5927\u7D4C\u904E\u6642\u9593\u306F 150 \u30D6\u30ED\u30C3\u30AF\u3001\u3064\u307E\u308A\u7D04 1 \u5206 19 \u79D2\u3067\u3059\u3002"),N=e("h3",{id:"\u624B\u6570\u6599",tabindex:"-1"},[e("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#\u624B\u6570\u6599","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),o(" \u624B\u6570\u6599")],-1),R=e("p",null,"Solana \u30CD\u30C3\u30C8\u30EF\u30FC\u30AF\u306F 2 \u7A2E\u985E\u306E\u6599\u91D1\u3092\u5FB4\u53CE\u3057\u307E\u3059:",-1),V=o("\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3092\u4F1D\u64AD\u3059\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306E"),j={href:"https://docs.solana.com/transaction_fees",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},B=o("Transaction fees"),E=o("(\u5225\u540D\u300C\u30AC\u30B9\u6599\u91D1\u300D)"),A=o("\u30AA\u30F3\u30C1\u30A7\u30FC\u30F3\u30C7\u30FC\u30BF\u4FDD\u5B58\u306E\u305F\u3081\u306E"),C={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/accounts#rent",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},D=o("Rent fees"),J=s('<p>Solana \u3067\u306F\u3001\u53D6\u5F15\u624B\u6570\u6599\u306F\u6C7A\u5B9A\u8AD6\u7684\u3067\u3059\u3002\u30E6\u30FC\u30B6\u30FC\u304C\u6B21\u306E\u30D6\u30ED\u30C3\u30AF\u306B\u542B\u307E\u308C\u308B\u53EF\u80FD\u6027\u3092\u9AD8\u3081\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306B\u3001\u3088\u308A\u9AD8\u3044\u624B\u6570\u6599\u3092\u652F\u6255\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304C\u3067\u304D\u308B\u624B\u6570\u6599\u5E02\u5834\u306E\u6982\u5FF5\u306F\u3042\u308A\u307E\u305B\u3093\u3002 <br> \u3053\u306E\u8A18\u4E8B\u306E\u57F7\u7B46\u6642\u70B9\u3067\u306F\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u6599\u91D1\u306F\u3001\u4F7F\u7528\u3055\u308C\u308B\u30EA\u30BD\u30FC\u30B9\u306E\u91CF\u3067\u306F\u306A\u304F\u3001\u5FC5\u8981\u306A\u7F72\u540D\u306E\u6570 (\u3064\u307E\u308A\u3001lamports_per_signature) \u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306E\u307F\u6C7A\u5B9A\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002 \u3053\u308C\u306F\u3001\u73FE\u5728\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B 1232 \u30D0\u30A4\u30C8\u306E\u53B3\u3057\u3044\u5236\u9650\u304C\u3042\u308B\u305F\u3081\u3067\u3059\u3002</p><p>\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B\u306F\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306B\u7F72\u540D\u3059\u308B\u305F\u3081\u306E <code>writable</code> \u306A\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u304C\u5C11\u306A\u304F\u3068\u3082 1 \u3064\u5FC5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002 \u9001\u4FE1\u3055\u308C\u308B\u3068\u3001\u6700\u521D\u306B\u30B7\u30EA\u30A2\u30EB\u5316\u3055\u308C\u305F <code>writable</code> \u306A\u7F72\u540D\u8005\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u304C\u6599\u91D1\u306E\u652F\u6255\u3044\u8005\u306B\u306A\u308A\u307E\u3059\u3002 <br> \u3053\u306E\u30A2\u30AB\u30A6\u30F3\u30C8\u306F\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306E\u6210\u529F\u307E\u305F\u306F\u5931\u6557\u306B\u95A2\u4FC2\u306A\u304F\u3001\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u306E\u8CBB\u7528\u3092\u652F\u6255\u3044\u307E\u3059\u3002 \u624B\u6570\u6599\u306E\u652F\u6255\u8005\u304C\u53D6\u5F15\u624B\u6570\u6599\u3092\u652F\u6255\u3046\u306E\u306B\u5341\u5206\u306A\u6B8B\u9AD8\u3092\u6301\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306A\u3044\u5834\u5408\u3001\u53D6\u5F15\u306F\u4E2D\u6B62\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002</p><p>\u3053\u306E\u8A18\u4E8B\u306E\u57F7\u7B46\u6642\u70B9\u3067\u306F\u3001\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306E\u53D6\u5F15\u624B\u6570\u6599\u306E 50% \u304C\u30D6\u30ED\u30C3\u30AF\u3092\u751F\u6210\u3059\u308B\u30D0\u30EA\u30C7\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u306B\u3088\u3063\u3066\u53CE\u96C6\u3055\u308C\u3001\u6B8B\u308A\u306E 50% \u306F\u30D0\u30FC\u30F3\u3055\u308C\u307E\u3059\u3002 <br> \u3053\u306E\u69CB\u9020\u306B\u3088\u308A\u3001\u30EA\u30FC\u30C0\u30FC\u30B9\u30B1\u30B8\u30E5\u30FC\u30EB\u306Eslot\u4E2D\u306B\u3067\u304D\u308B\u3060\u3051\u591A\u304F\u306E\u30C8\u30E9\u30F3\u30B6\u30AF\u30B7\u30E7\u30F3\u3092\u51E6\u7406\u3059\u308B\u30D0\u30EA\u30C7\u30FC\u30BF\u30FC\u306B\u30A4\u30F3\u30BB\u30F3\u30C6\u30A3\u30D6\u3092\u4E0E\u3048\u308B\u3088\u3046\u6A5F\u80FD\u3057\u307E\u3059\u3002</p><h2 id="\u305D\u306E\u4ED6\u53C2\u8003\u8CC7\u6599" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u305D\u306E\u4ED6\u53C2\u8003\u8CC7\u6599" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u305D\u306E\u4ED6\u53C2\u8003\u8CC7\u6599</h2>',4),H={href:"https://docs.solana.com/developing/programming-model/transactions",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},M=o("Official Documentation"),O={href:"https://solana.wiki/docs/solidity-guide/transactions/#solana-transaction-structure",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},P=o("Transaction Structure"),q={href:"https://jstarry.notion.site/Transaction-Fees-f09387e6a8d84287aa16a34ecb58e239",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},z=o("Transaction Fees by Justin Starry"),G={href:"https://2501babe.github.io/posts/solana101.html",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},K=o("An Introduction to Solana by Hana"),Q={href:"https://jito-labs.medium.com/solana-validator-101-transaction-processing-90bcdc271143",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},U=o("Transaction Processing by Jito Labs"),W={href:"https://medium.com/@asmiller1989/solana-transactions-in-depth-1f7f7fe06ac2",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},X=o("Solana Transaction in Depth by Alex Miller");function Y(Z,$){const r=a("RouterLink"),n=a("ExternalLinkIcon");return l(),c(_,null,[p,e("p",null,[u,t(r,{to:"/ja/core-concepts/programs.html"},{default:d(()=>[m]),_:1}),b,f,g,e("a",k,[x,t(n)]),S,v,y]),T,e("p",null,[w,e("a",F,[I,t(n)]),L]),N,R,e("ul",null,[e("li",null,[V,e("a",j,[B,t(n)]),E]),e("li",null,[A,e("a",C,[D,t(n)])])]),J,e("ul",null,[e("li",null,[e("a",H,[M,t(n)])]),e("li",null,[e("a",O,[P,t(n)])]),e("li",null,[e("a",q,[z,t(n)])]),e("li",null,[e("a",G,[K,t(n)])]),e("li",null,[e("a",Q,[U,t(n)])]),e("li",null,[e("a",W,[X,t(n)])])])],64)}var oe=i(h,[["render",Y]]);export{oe as default};
| 0
|
solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
|
solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/name-service.html.31d70b32.js
|
import{_ as p,r as c,o as l,c as u,b as e,w as a,F as i,a as n,d as s}from"./app.07ce7a66.js";const r={},k=n("h1",{id:"namensdienst",tabindex:"-1"},[n("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#namensdienst","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),s(" Namensdienst")],-1),b=n("h2",{id:"namensregister",tabindex:"-1"},[n("a",{class:"header-anchor",href:"#namensregister","aria-hidden":"true"},"#"),s(" Namensregister")],-1),m=n("p",null,"Die Namensregistrierung speichert Informationen \xFCber den Dom\xE4nennamen. Es besteht aus zwei Dingen:",-1),d=n("ul",null,[n("li",null,"Die Kopfzeile"),n("li",null,"Die Daten")],-1),y=n("p",null,"Den Daten f\xFCr einen Domainnamen wird immer der Header vorangestellt, unten ist die Struktur des Headers in JS:",-1),w=n("div",{class:"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"},[n("pre",{class:"language-typescript"},[n("code",null,[n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"import"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(" PublicKey "),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"}"),s(),n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"from"),s(),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"@solana/web3.js"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/offline-transactions.html.0bf4dc0d.js
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Buffer`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"."),n("span",{class:"token function"},"from"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"("),s("transactionBase64"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},","),s(),n("span",{class:"token string"},'"base64"'),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),s(`
`),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},")"),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},";"),s(`
`)])]),n("div",{class:"line-numbers","aria-hidden":"true"},[n("span",{class:"line-number"},"1"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"2"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"3"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"4"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"5"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"6"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"7"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"8"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"9"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"10"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"11"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"12"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"13"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"14"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"15"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"16"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"17"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"18"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"19"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"20"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"21"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"22"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"23"),n("br"),n("span",{class:"line-number"},"24"),n("br")])],-1),_=r('<h2 id="matibay-nonce" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#matibay-nonce" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Matibay Nonce</h2><p>Ang <code>RecentBlockhash</code> ay isang mahalagang halaga para sa isang transaksyon. Tatanggihan ang iyong transaksyon kung gumamit ka ng nag-expire kamakailang blockhash (pagkatapos ng 150 block). Maaari mong gamitin ang <code>durable nonce</code> para makakuha ng hindi nag-expire kamakailang blockhash. Upang ma-trigger ang mekanismong ito, dapat ang iyong transaksyon</p><ol><li>gumamit ng <code>nonce</code> na naka-store sa <code>nonce account</code> bilang kamakailang blockhash</li><li>ilagay ang <code>nonce advance</code> na operasyon sa unang pagtuturo</li></ol><h3 id="lumikha-ng-nonce-account" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#lumikha-ng-nonce-account" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Lumikha ng Nonce Account</h3>',4),v=n("div",{class:"language-typescript ext-ts line-numbers-mode"},[n("pre",{class:"language-typescript"},[n("code",null,[n("span",{class:"token keyword"},"import"),s(),n("span",{class:"token punctuation"},"{"),s(`
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist
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solana_public_repos/solana-cookbook/docs/.vuepress/dist/assets/installation.html.0fd43b03.js
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</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div>`,1),os=n("\u53EF\u4EE5\u5C06"),cs=s("code",null,"LATEST_RELEASE",-1),is=n("\u66FF\u6362\u6210\u4F60\u60F3\u8981\u7684\u53D1\u5E03\u7248\u672C\uFF0C\u6216\u8005\u7528\u4E09\u4E2A\u522B\u540D\u7248\u672C\uFF1A"),rs=s("code",null,"stable",-1),ps=n("\uFF0C"),ds=s("code",null,"beta",-1),us=n("\uFF0C"),hs=s("code",null,"edge",-1),bs=n("\u3002 \u53EF\u4EE5\u5728"),_s={href:"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},ms=n("\u8FD9\u91CC"),gs=n("\u67E5\u770B\u53EF\u7528\u7684\u6700\u65B0\u7248\u672C\u3002"),ks=o(`<p>\u5982\u679C\u770B\u5230\u4EE5\u4E0B\u8F93\u51FA\uFF0C\u8BF4\u660E\u66F4\u65B0\u6210\u529F\uFF1A</p><div class="language-text ext-text line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-text"><code>downloading LATEST_RELEASE installer
Configuration: /home/solana/.config/solana/install/config.yml
Active release directory: /home/solana/.local/share/solana/install/active_release
* Release version: LATEST_RELEASE
* Release URL: https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/download/LATEST_RELEASE/solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
Update successful
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br></div></div><p>\u6839\u636E\u4E0D\u540C\u7684\u7CFB\u7EDF\uFF0C\u5B89\u88C5\u5305\u53EF\u80FD\u63D0\u793A\u60A8</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>Please update your <span class="token environment constant">PATH</span> environment variable to include the solana programs:
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>\u5982\u679C\u770B\u5230\u4EE5\u4E0A\u63D0\u793A\u4FE1\u606F\uFF0C\u590D\u5236\u8FD9\u4E0B\u9762\u8F93\u51FA\u7684\u547D\u4EE4\u5E76\u7C98\u8D34\u5230\u7CFB\u7EDF\u7684<code>PATH</code>\u76EE\u5F55\u4E2D\u3002</p><p>\u7528\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\u786E\u8BA4\u4F60\u5DF2\u7ECF\u5B89\u88C5\u597D\u6307\u5B9A\u7248\u672C\u7684<code>solana</code>\uFF1A</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>\u5B89\u88C5\u6210\u529F\u540E\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u4F7F\u7528<code>solana-install update</code>\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u968F\u65F6\u5C06Solana\u8F6F\u4EF6\u66F4\u65B0\u5230\u65B0\u7248\u672C\u3002</p><h4 id="\u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6-linux" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6-linux" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6 \uFF08linux\uFF09</h4><p>\u9664\u4E86\u901A\u8FC7<code>solana-install</code>\u5B89\u88C5\u4E4B\u5916\uFF0C\u4F60\u8FD8\u53EF\u4EE5\u901A\u8FC7\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\u5B89\u88C5\u3002</p>`,10),vs=n("\u8BBF\u95EE\u4EE5\u4E0B\u94FE\u63A5\u4E0B\u8F7D\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\uFF1A "),fs={href:"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},xs=n("https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest"),ws=n(", \u4E0B\u8F7D "),Ss=s("strong",null,"solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-msvc.tar.bz2",-1),As=n("\uFF0C\u5E76\u89E3\u538B\uFF1A"),Es=o(`<div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><h4 id="\u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6-macos" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6-macos" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6 \uFF08macOS\uFF09</h4><p>\u9664\u4E86\u901A\u8FC7<code>solana-install</code>\u5B89\u88C5\u4E4B\u5916\uFF0C\u4F60\u8FD8\u53EF\u4EE5\u901A\u8FC7\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\u5B89\u88C5\u3002</p>`,3),Ts=n("\u8BBF\u95EE\u4EE5\u4E0B\u94FE\u63A5\u4E0B\u8F7D\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\uFF1A "),Ps={href:"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},Ls=n("https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest"),js=n(", \u4E0B\u8F7D "),Rs=s("strong",null,"solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2",-1),qs=n("\uFF0C\u5E76\u89E3\u538B\uFF1A"),Ws=o(`<div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">tar</span> jxf solana-release-x86_64-apple-darwin.tar.bz2
<span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br></div></div><hr><h3 id="windows" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#windows" aria-hidden="true">#</a> Windows</h3><p>\u4EE5\u7BA1\u7406\u5458\u6743\u9650\u6253\u5F00\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26\uFF08<code>cmd.exe</code>\uFF09\u3002</p><p>\u5728Windows\u641C\u7D22\u680F\u4E2D\u641C\u7D22"\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26"\uFF0C\u5728\u663E\u793A\u51FA\u6765\u7684\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26\u5E94\u7528\u4E0A\u70B9\u51FB\u53F3\u952E\uFF0C\u9009\u62E9"\u4EE5\u7BA1\u7406\u5458\u8EAB\u4EFD\u8FD0\u884C"\u3002 \u5F53\u5F39\u51FA\u5BF9\u8BDD\u6846\u8BE2\u95EE"\u4F60\u8981\u5141\u8BB8\u6B64\u5E94\u7528\u5BF9\u4F60\u7684\u8BBE\u5907\u8FDB\u884C\u66F4\u6539\u5417\uFF1F"\uFF0C\u70B9\u51FB"\u662F"\u3002</p><p>\u590D\u5236\u5E76\u7C98\u8D34\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u6309\u56DE\u8F66\u952E\uFF0C\u5C06Solana\u5B89\u88C5\u5305\u4E0B\u8F7D\u5230\u4E34\u65F6\u6587\u4EF6\u5939\uFF1A</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token function">curl</span> https://release.solana.com/v1.8.5/solana-install-init-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.exe --output C:<span class="token punctuation">\\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\\</span>solana-install-init.exe --create-dirs
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div>`,7),Cs=n("\u5982\u679C"),Ns=s("code",null,"v1.8.5",-1),Hs=n("\u4E0D\u662F\u4F60\u60F3\u8981\u7684\u7248\u672C\uFF0C\u5728"),ys={href:"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},$s=n("\u8FD9\u91CC"),zs=n("\u53EF\u4EE5\u627E\u5230\u6700\u65B0\u7684\u7248\u672C\u3002"),Bs=o(`<p>\u590D\u5236\u5E76\u7C98\u8D34\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u7136\u540E\u6309\u56DE\u8F66\u952E\uFF0C\u5B89\u88C5\u6700\u65B0\u7248\u7684Solana\u3002\u5F53\u7CFB\u7EDF\u5F39\u51FA\u5B89\u5168\u5BF9\u8BDD\u6846\u65F6\uFF0C\u9009\u62E9\u5141\u8BB8\u7A0B\u5E8F\u8FD0\u884C\u3002</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>C:<span class="token punctuation">\\</span>solana-install-tmp<span class="token punctuation">\\</span>solana-install-init.exe v1.8.5
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>\u5B89\u88C5\u5305\u5B89\u88C5\u5B8C\u6210\u65F6\uFF0C\u6309\u56DE\u8F66\u952E\u3002</p><p>\u5173\u6389\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26\u7A97\u53E3\u3002\u91CD\u65B0\u4EE5\u666E\u901A\u7528\u6237\u6743\u9650\u6253\u5F00\u4E00\u4E2A\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26\u7A97\u53E3\u3002</p><p>\u5728Windows\u641C\u7D22\u680F\u4E2D\u641C\u7D22"\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26"\uFF0C\u5728\u663E\u793A\u51FA\u6765\u7684\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26\u5E94\u7528\u4E0A\u70B9\u51FB\u5DE6\u952E\uFF08\u8FD9\u6B21\u4E0D\u9700\u8981\u4EE5\u7BA1\u7406\u5458\u8EAB\u4EFD\u8FD0\u884C\uFF09\u3002</p><p>\u7528\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\u786E\u8BA4\u5DF2\u7ECF\u5B89\u88C5\u597D\u6307\u5B9A\u7248\u672C\u7684<code>solana</code>\uFF1A</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana --version
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div><p>\u5B89\u88C5\u6210\u529F\u540E\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u4F7F\u7528<code>solana-install update</code>\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u968F\u65F6\u5C06Solana\u8F6F\u4EF6\u66F4\u65B0\u5230\u65B0\u7248\u672C\u3002</p><h4 id="\u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u4E0B\u8F7D\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6</h4><p>\u9664\u4E86\u901A\u8FC7<code>solana-install</code>\u5B89\u88C5\u4E4B\u5916\uFF0C\u4F60\u8FD8\u53EF\u4EE5\u901A\u8FC7\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\u5B89\u88C5\u3002</p>`,10),Ds=n("\u8BBF\u95EE\u4EE5\u4E0B\u94FE\u63A5\u4E0B\u8F7D\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\uFF1A "),Is={href:"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},Os=n("https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest"),Vs=n(", \u4E0B\u8F7D "),Gs=s("strong",null,"solana-release-x86_64-pc-windows-msvc.tar.bz2",-1),Ms=n("\u5E76\u89E3\u538B\u3002"),Us=o(`<p>\u6253\u5F00\u547D\u4EE4\u63D0\u793A\u7B26\u5E76\u5207\u6362\u76EE\u5F55\u81F3\u521A\u624D\u89E3\u538B\u7684\u4F4D\u7F6E\uFF0C\u8FD0\u884C\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\uFF1A</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code><span class="token builtin class-name">cd</span> solana-release/
<span class="token builtin class-name">set</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span>%cd%/bin<span class="token punctuation">;</span>%<span class="token environment constant">PATH</span>%
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><h3 id="\u4ECE\u6E90\u7801\u7F16\u8BD1" tabindex="-1"><a class="header-anchor" href="#\u4ECE\u6E90\u7801\u7F16\u8BD1" aria-hidden="true">#</a> \u4ECE\u6E90\u7801\u7F16\u8BD1</h3>`,3),Ys=n("\u5982\u679C\u4F60\u4E0D\u80FD\u4F7F\u7528\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u7684\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\uFF0C\u6216\u8005\u5E0C\u671B\u81EA\u5DF1\u4ECE\u6E90\u7801\u8FDB\u884C\u7F16\u8BD1\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u8BBF\u95EE "),Fs={href:"https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest",target:"_blank",rel:"noopener noreferrer"},Js=n("https://github.com/solana-labs/solana/releases/latest"),Xs=n("\uFF0C \u4E0B\u8F7D"),Ks=s("strong",null,"Source Code",-1),Qs=n("\u538B\u7F29\u5305\u3002\u89E3\u538B\u4EE3\u7801\uFF0C\u7528\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\uFF1A"),Zs=o(`<div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>./scripts/cargo-install-all.sh <span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">export</span> <span class="token assign-left variable"><span class="token environment constant">PATH</span></span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token environment constant">$PWD</span>/bin:<span class="token environment constant">$PATH</span>
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br></div></div><p>\u7136\u540E\u8FD0\u884C\u4EE5\u4E0B\u547D\u4EE4\uFF0C\u53EF\u4EE5\u548C\u9884\u7F16\u8BD1\u4E8C\u8FDB\u5236\u6587\u4EF6\u83B7\u5F97\u4E00\u6837\u7684\u7ED3\u679C\uFF1A</p><div class="language-bash ext-sh line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-bash"><code>solana-install init
</code></pre><div class="line-numbers" aria-hidden="true"><span class="line-number">1</span><br></div></div>`,3);function sn(nn,an){const t=i("ExternalLinkIcon"),l=i("CodeGroupItem"),c=i("CodeGroup");return p(),d(u,null,[b,_,m,s("p",null,[s("a",g,[k,a(t)]),v]),f,a(c,null,{default:e(()=>[a(l,{title:"YARN",active:""},{default:e(()=>[x]),_:1}),a(l,{title:"NPM"},{default:e(()=>[w]),_:1}),a(l,{title:"BROWSER"},{default:e(()=>[S]),_:1})]),_:1}),A,E,T,P,a(c,null,{default:e(()=>[a(l,{title:"YARN",active:""},{default:e(()=>[L]),_:1}),a(l,{title:"NPM"},{default:e(()=>[j]),_:1}),a(l,{title:"BROWSER"},{default:e(()=>[R]),_:1})]),_:1}),q,W,s("p",null,[C,s("a",N,[H,a(t)]),y,s("a",$,[z,a(t)]),B]),D,a(c,null,{default:e(()=>[a(l,{title:"YARN",active:""},{default:e(()=>[I]),_:1}),a(l,{title:"NPM"},{default:e(()=>[O]),_:1})]),_:1}),V,a(c,null,{default:e(()=>[a(l,{title:"MACOS",active:""},{default:e(()=>[G]),_:1}),a(l,{title:"LINUX"},{default:e(()=>[M]),_:1})]),_:1}),s("p",null,[U,s("a",Y,[F,a(t)]),J]),X,K,Q,s("p",null,[Z,ss,ns,s("a",as,[es,a(t)]),ts]),ls,s("p",null,[os,cs,is,rs,ps,ds,us,hs,bs,s("a",_s,[ms,a(t)]),gs]),ks,s("p",null,[vs,s("a",fs,[xs,a(t)]),ws,Ss,As]),Es,s("p",null,[Ts,s("a",Ps,[Ls,a(t)]),js,Rs,qs]),Ws,s("p",null,[Cs,Ns,Hs,s("a",ys,[$s,a(t)]),zs]),Bs,s("p",null,[Ds,s("a",Is,[Os,a(t)]),Vs,Gs,Ms]),Us,s("p",null,[Ys,s("a",Fs,[Js,a(t)]),Xs,Ks,Qs]),Zs],64)}var tn=r(h,[["render",sn]]);export{tn as default};
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