<p>I am doing a self study on behavioral economics and I am trying to solve behavioral version of the dictator game with following utilities for person 1 and 2.  </p>

<p><span class="math-container">$$     u_1( \sigma_1, \sigma_2 ) = \begin{cases} 
   \sigma_1 - 2 \left( \frac{\sigma_1}{\sigma_1+\sigma_2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 \text{ if } \sigma_1 + \sigma_2&gt;0\\
    0 \text{ if } \sigma_1 + \sigma_2 = 0 
    \end{cases}
    $$</span></p>

<p><span class="math-container">$$ u_2(\sigma_1, \sigma_2) = \sigma_2 - 2 \max\{\sigma_1 -\sigma_2,0\} - \frac{1}{4} \max\{\sigma_2 - \sigma_1, 0\}$$</span></p>

<p>So to solve this I first try to derive best response functions for both players with respect to their own control variable <span class="math-container">$\sigma_i$</span>. For the first person the best response function would be:</p>

<p><span class="math-container">$$BR_1 = 1 - 4 \left( \frac{\sigma_1}{\sigma_1+\sigma_2}-\frac{1}{2}\right) \left( \frac{\sigma_2}{(\sigma_1+\sigma_2)^2} \right)= 0 $$</span></p>

<p>However, I have a bit problem deriving the best response  function of the second player because the function is kinky. I know that for example in standard consumer theory when there is kinky utility function like with perfect complements, lets say <span class="math-container">$\min \{\alpha x_1, \beta x_2\}$</span> the marginal utility of <span class="math-container">$x_1$</span> and <span class="math-container">$x_2$</span> would be  <span class="math-container">$\alpha$</span> and <span class="math-container">$\beta$</span> respectively, but I usually dont work with kinky functions so I kinda just learn that part by heart and I am not sure if I am correct by saying that the best response function of the second player is:</p>

<p><span class="math-container">$$BR_2  = 1 + 2 -\frac{1}{4} = 2 \frac{3}{4}$$</span></p>

<p>I got <span class="math-container">$BR_2$</span> just by extending the logic from the perfect complements utility function, but it seems to me like its somehow missing something. Just thinking about it intuitively it seems to me that person 2 cares about equality since the expression includes both <span class="math-container">$\max \{\sigma_1-\sigma_2,0\}$</span> and <span class="math-container">$\max \{\sigma_2-\sigma_1,0\}$</span>, but then I dont understand why we end up just with constant best response function? Shouldnt it depend on what actually <span class="math-container">$\sigma_1$</span> is or its just that my calculations are wrong?</p>

<p>Also, I know from a standard dictator game that to calculate the minimum acceptable payoff the utility just has to be higher then 0. An extension of that should of course also hold here, but since here the zero utility outcome occurs only if <span class="math-container">$\sigma_1+\sigma_2=0$</span> I am bit unsure of how to account for that.  </p>

<p>So to sum up my questions are:</p>

<ol>
<li>is my derivation of best response functions correct?</li>
<li>provided that 1 is correct what is the intuition behind constant BR in the case of second player?</li>
<li>How would I derive minimum acceptable payoff for this dictator game. Would it be just checking for which values of <span class="math-container">$\sigma_i$</span> the <span class="math-container">$u_i&gt;0$</span> for <span class="math-container">$i=1,2$</span>?</li>
</ol>

CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-12-27T17:05:01.587Z
I assume that $\sigma$ is constrained to be positive? If that is the case then note that one of the two max functions is always 0 (or both are 0 if the two $\sigma$'s are equal). Reasoning which one holds in which situation should probably help you identifying player 2's best response (on the assumption that player 2 can refuse the split and realize a payoff of 0 for both as usual in dictator games)
Maarten Punt
CC BY-SA 4.0
2019-12-27T18:02:38.193Z
@MaartenPunt sigma must be non-negative (it will be zero if offer is rejected). Thanks for the hint!
1muflon1
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-03-31T13:52:46.793Z
May I ask what is the range of the parameters, and are they natural numbers or real numbers.
High GPA
CC BY-SA 4.0
2021-03-31T14:20:15.890Z
@HighGPA yes, $\sigma$ can be any real number such that $\sigma \geq 0$ it is the offer of another player
1muflon1
<mathematical-economics><game-theory><self-study><behavioral-economics>
Behavioral Dictator Game
1muflon1
# Behavioral Dictator Game

(Asked by: username_0 on 2019-12-25)

I am doing a self study on behavioral economics and I am trying to solve behavioral version of the dictator game with following utilities for person 1 and 2.

$$ u\_1( \sigma\_1, \sigma\_2 ) = \begin{cases}
\sigma\_1 - 2 \left( \frac{\sigma\_1}{\sigma\_1+\sigma\_2}-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2 \text{ if } \sigma\_1 + \sigma\_2>0\\
0 \text{ if } \sigma\_1 + \sigma\_2 = 0
\end{cases}
$$

$$ u\_2(\sigma\_1, \sigma\_2) = \sigma\_2 - 2 \max\{\sigma\_1 -\sigma\_2,0\} - \frac{1}{4} \max\{\sigma\_2 - \sigma\_1, 0\}$$

So to solve this I first try to derive best response functions for both players with respect to their own control variable $\sigma\_i$. For the first person the best response function would be:

$$BR\_1 = 1 - 4 \left( \frac{\sigma\_1}{\sigma\_1+\sigma\_2}-\frac{1}{2}\right) \left( \frac{\sigma\_2}{(\sigma\_1+\sigma\_2)^2} \right)= 0 $$

However, I have a bit problem deriving the best response function of the second player because the function is kinky. I know that for example in standard consumer theory when there is kinky utility function like with perfect complements, lets say $\min \{\alpha x\_1, \beta x\_2\}$ the marginal utility of $x\_1$ and $x\_2$ would be $\alpha$ and $\beta$ respectively, but I usually dont work with kinky functions so I kinda just learn that part by heart and I am not sure if I am correct by saying that the best response function of the second player is:

$$BR\_2 = 1 + 2 -\frac{1}{4} = 2 \frac{3}{4}$$

I got $BR\_2$ just by extending the logic from the perfect complements utility function, but it seems to me like its somehow missing something. Just thinking about it intuitively it seems to me that person 2 cares about equality since the expression includes both $\max \{\sigma\_1-\sigma\_2,0\}$ and $\max \{\sigma\_2-\sigma\_1,0\}$, but then I dont understand why we end up just with constant best response function? Shouldnt it depend on what actually $\sigma\_1$ is or its just that my calculations are wrong?

Also, I know from a standard dictator game that to calculate the minimum acceptable payoff the utility just has to be higher then 0. An extension of that should of course also hold here, but since here the zero utility outcome occurs only if $\sigma\_1+\sigma\_2=0$ I am bit unsure of how to account for that.

So to sum up my questions are:

1. is my derivation of best response functions correct?
2. provided that 1 is correct what is the intuition behind constant BR in the case of second player?
3. How would I derive minimum acceptable payoff for this dictator game. Would it be just checking for which values of $\sigma\_i$ the $u\_i>0$ for $i=1,2$?

**Tags:** mathematical-economics, game-theory, self-study, behavioral-economics

> **Comments:**
> **username_1**: I assume that $\sigma$ is constrained to be positive? If that is the case then note that one of the two max functions is always 0 (or both are 0 if the two $\sigma$'s are equal). Reasoning which one holds in which situation should probably help you identifying player 2's best response (on the assumption that player 2 can refuse the split and realize a payoff of 0 for both as usual in dictator games)  
> **username_0**: @MaartenPunt sigma must be non-negative (it will be zero if offer is rejected). Thanks for the hint!  
> **username_2**: May I ask what is the range of the parameters, and are they natural numbers or real numbers.  
> **username_0**: @HighGPA yes, $\sigma$ can be any real number such that $\sigma \geq 0$ it is the offer of another player  

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## 0 answers

