<p>Yes, there is just such a paper, it is: </p>

<p><strong><a href="https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/765.pdf" rel="nofollow noreferrer">The Bitcoin Backbone Protocol: Analysis and Applications</a></strong></p>

<p>by Aggelos Kiayias, Juan A. Garay, and Nikos Leonardos. </p>

<p>From the abstract: </p>

<p><em>Bitcoin is the first and most popular decentralized cryptocurrency to date. In this work, we extract and analyze the core of the Bitcoin protocol, which we term the Bitcoin backbone, and prove two of its fundamental properties which we call common prefix and chain quality in the static setting where the number of players remains fixed. Our proofs hinge on appropriate and novel assumptions on the “hashing power” of the adversary relative to network synchronicity; we show our results to be tight under high synchronization. Next, we propose and analyze applications that can be built “on top” of the backbone protocol, specifically focusing on Byzantine agreement (BA) and on the notion of a public transaction ledger. Regarding BA, we observe that Nakamoto’s suggestion falls short of solving it, and present a simple alternative which works assuming that the adversary’s hashing power is bounded by 1/3. The public transaction ledger captures the essence of Bitcoin’s operation as a cryptocurrency, in the sense that it guarantees the liveness and persistence of committed transactions. Based on this notion we describe and analyze the Bitcoin system as well as a more elaborate BA protocol, proving them secure assuming high network synchronicity and that the adversary’s hashing power is strictly less than 1/2, while the adversarial bound needed for security decreases as the network desynchronizes.</em></p>

CC BY-SA 3.0
2016-11-13T11:31:24.327Z
2016-11-13T11:31:24.327Z
smatthewenglish
<p>Has there been any research papers where someone has completed a full security proof model on blockchain / bitcoin ?</p>

<blockchain>
Bitcoin / blockchain security proof
user12345678765432
# Bitcoin / blockchain security proof

(Asked by: username_0 on 2016-03-08)

Has there been any research papers where someone has completed a full security proof model on blockchain / bitcoin ?

**Tags:** blockchain


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## 1 answers

### Answer by username_1 on 2016-11-13. Score: 1

Yes, there is just such a paper, it is:

**[The Bitcoin Backbone Protocol: Analysis and Applications](https://eprint.iacr.org/2014/765.pdf)**

by Aggelos Kiayias, Juan A. Garay, and Nikos Leonardos.

From the abstract:

*Bitcoin is the first and most popular decentralized cryptocurrency to date. In this work, we extract and analyze the core of the Bitcoin protocol, which we term the Bitcoin backbone, and prove two of its fundamental properties which we call common prefix and chain quality in the static setting where the number of players remains fixed. Our proofs hinge on appropriate and novel assumptions on the “hashing power” of the adversary relative to network synchronicity; we show our results to be tight under high synchronization. Next, we propose and analyze applications that can be built “on top” of the backbone protocol, specifically focusing on Byzantine agreement (BA) and on the notion of a public transaction ledger. Regarding BA, we observe that Nakamoto’s suggestion falls short of solving it, and present a simple alternative which works assuming that the adversary’s hashing power is bounded by 1/3. The public transaction ledger captures the essence of Bitcoin’s operation as a cryptocurrency, in the sense that it guarantees the liveness and persistence of committed transactions. Based on this notion we describe and analyze the Bitcoin system as well as a more elaborate BA protocol, proving them secure assuming high network synchronicity and that the adversary’s hashing power is strictly less than 1/2, while the adversarial bound needed for security decreases as the network desynchronizes.*


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