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Thickness 0.88 Inches (US)
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Format Electronic book text
Print Edition 9780801894909
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Ethical Imperialism
Institutional Review Boards and the Social Sciences, 1965–2009
By Zachary M. Schrag
University researchers in the United States seeking to observe, survey, or interview people are required first to complete ethical training courses and to submit their proposals to an institutional review board (IRB). Under current rules, IRBs have the power to deny funding, degrees, or promotion if their recommended modifications to scholars' proposals are not followed. This volume explains how this system of regulation arose and discusses its chilling effects on research in the social sciences and humanities.
Zachary M. Schrag draws on original research and interviews with the key shapers of the institutional review board regime to raise important points about the effect of the IRB process on scholarship. He explores the origins and the application of these regulations and analyzes how the rules—initially crafted to protect the health and privacy of the human subjects of medical experiments—can limit even casual scholarly interactions such as a humanist interviewing a poet about his or her writing. In assessing the issue, Schrag argues that biomedical researchers and bioethicists repeatedly excluded social scientists from rule making and ignored the existing ethical traditions in nonmedical fields. Ultimately, he contends, IRBs not only threaten to polarize medical and social scientists, they also create an atmosphere wherein certain types of academics can impede and even silence others.
The first work to document the troubled emergence of today's system of regulating scholarly research, Ethical Imperialism illuminates the problems caused by simple, universal rule making in academic and professional research. This short, smart analysis will engage scholars across academia.
Zachary M. Schrag is a professor of history at George Mason University. He is the author of The Great Society Subway: A History of the Washington Metro.
Reviewss
Ethical Imperialism is a remarkable accomplishment and a must-read for researchers and policy makers. It persuasively weaves together the scholarly, disciplinary, regulatory, and bureaucratic strands that account for today's 'omnipresent threat' to social research.
- Canadian Journal of Sociology
This book ought to be required reading for those concerned about the political forces that make our work possible, and sometimes not possible at all.
- Susan B. Reverby - American Historical Review
[A]n impressive assessment of IRBs, from their tenuous beginnings in the early 1960s as a practical response to a perceived threat to the public from medical research to [their] present status as a threat to academic freedom in the social sciences... [A] significant contribution to those oral historians and related practitioners who would seek to challenge IRB's right and ability to adequately evaluate their research projects, particularly before the research has been conducted.
- Oral History Review
A valuable contribution to the history of federal science policy and a useful critique of a system ill-suited to the uses to which it is being put.
- Journal of American History
The book is a powerful indictment of the IRB regime.
- Law and Politics Book Review
Exhaustively researched, drawing on... a wide array of sources.
- Donald N. Bersoff - PsycCRITIQUES
Thoroughly researched story of how IRBs came to be, how they came to adopt rules designed for medical, biological, and psychological researchers and then to apply them to the social sciences, how those rules became institutionalized, and how the rules protect universities rather than the people who serve as subjects and informants in social science research.
- Contemporary Sociology
I highly recommended this book for its contribution to the discussion of academic freedom, social science research, and the regulation of research ethics.
- Ellen Marakowitz - AAUP: Regulated Research
Publisher Johns Hopkins University Press
HISTORY / United States / 20th Century (189 Titles)
MEDICAL / Ethics (206 Titles)
SCIENCE / History (379 Titles)
BIC Subject Headings
History of the Americas (1454 Titles)
Medical ethics & professional conduct (194 Titles)
History of science (396 Titles)
US school grade range From 17
Other Titles by Zachary M. Schrag
The Great Society Subway
A History of the Washington Metro
Zachary M. Schrag - with a new preface
Jun 2014 - Johns Hopkins University Press
Other Titles in HISTORY / United States / 20th Century
Shaker Fever
America's Twentieth-Century Fascination with a Communitarian Sect
Aug 2020 - University of Massachusetts Press
Every Home a Fortress
Cold War Fatherhood and the Family Fallout Shelter
May 2020 - University of Massachusetts Press
The Arthurdale Community School
Education and Reform in Depression Era Appalachia
Sam F. Stack, Jr.
Mar 2020 - University Press of Kentucky
See All 189 Titles in HISTORY / United States / 20th Century
Other Titles in History of the Americas
Plans and Views of Communities and Private Estates
edited by Charles E. Beveridge, Lauren Meier, and Irene Mills
Oct 2020 - Johns Hopkins University Press
The Virtuous and Violent Women of Seventeenth-Century Massachusetts
Emily C.K. Romeo
See All 1454 Titles in History of the Americas
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