Train robbery turned into on-board gunfight with the law
By Finn J.D. John
It was early summer, 1914, and an Oregon & Washington Railway Navigation Co. passenger train was just passing over the summit of the Blue Mountains, between LaGrande and Pendleton.
The crewmen were running the train slow, checking the brakes for the long downhill run ahead. Meanwhile, three men at the back of the train were checking their guns.
A train robbery was about to go down — one of the very last Old West-style train robberies ever. And before it was over with, it would turn into one of the very last Old West-style six-shooter gunfights, too.
The robbers
Clarence Stoner didn't much look like outlaw royalty. He had a mild, earnest, boyish face, and his relatives all considered him the last person they'd ever expect to become a train robber. But he was a cousin of two of the West's most notorious desperados, Hugh and Charles Whitney, and a member of Butch Cassidy's Wild Bunch gang in his home state of Wyoming. He was now out in Oregon and running with a close friend of his cousins, a gambler named Charles Manning and an outlaw sheepman from Kentucky named Albert Meadors.
Planning the job
In late July, Manning got word that Train No. 5 on the O.W.R.N. line, Chicago to Portland, would be carrying a significant sum of cash in the express car. So he got together with Stoner and Meadors and proposed that they do the job.
As a place to do it, Manning picked a remote spot between Kamela and Meacham, at the summit of the Blue Mountains. At this remote place, Manning knew, the train would have to slow down and check its brakes. When it did, the three of them would be ready.
The outlaws bought a getaway car, a brown sedan of unknown make (although it was apparently not a Ford, since it wasn't black).
Manning also obtained enough dynamite to breach the express car — he anticipated that the clerk would barricade the door as soon as he learned the train was being robbed, to protect the strongbox.
Finally, all was in readiness. The three desperados traveled to the Kamela station, bought tickets, boarded at the rear. The train rolled on westward, up the side of the mountain toward its date with destiny.
The robbery
As the train neared the summit of the pass, it slowed down, which was the outlaws' signal. Out came the guns, and starting at the back of the train, they simply collected all the train crew members and marched them forward. Manning pulled the emergency stop, the engineer slammed on the brakes and there the train sat, poised a few dozen yards beyond the crest, at the start of a miles-long 2.5-percent downhill grade, airbrakes locked on.
Stoner went forward and collected the engineer and fireman. At gunpoint, he marched them back and locked them in the baggage car.
The first big shock of the day came moments later, when Manning approached the express car and demanded entry. To his surprise, the clerk let him come right in rather than barring the door and refusing. Once inside, he immediately learned why: There was no money inside. Because of a printer's error on the timetables, the train was carrying the wrong number. He and his friends were robbing the wrong train.
Hoping to salvage something for their efforts, the robbers now turned their attention on the passenger cars. Leaving Stoner to guard the captured train crew, Manning and Meadors started going down the rows robbing each passenger in turn. This turned out to be the worst thing they could possibly do. Inside the passenger cabin, sitting in the back row, was Morrow County Deputy Sheriff George McDuffy.
McDuffy waited for a moment when both Manning and Meadors were distracted, then stood up and pulled his revolver, apparently planning to arrest the two at gunpoint.
The gunfight
Manning, the gambler, rolled the dice, whipping his pistol around to shoot. This was not a good idea. As it turns out, Deputy McDuffy seems to have been something of a gunfighting ninja. Manning never had a chance.
Both weapons fired at about the same time. Manning's shot hit McDuffy high in the chest, inflicting a wound that would have been very serious or even fatal if the bullet hadn't hit a metal pencil case and pack of cards in McDuffy's breast pocket. McDuffy's shot went straight through Manning's heart, and the officer followed it up with a second shot within inches of the first and a third shot that hit the outlaw in the head — all this from an old-school single-action six-shooter firing black-powder cartridges.
McDuffy's three shots had filled the car with smoke. Manning was dead before he hit the ground, and Meadors couldn't see well enough to return fire even had he been inclined to do so. So instead, he took advantage of the smokescreen to cover a hasty retreat. He leaped off the train and ran into the bushes, closely followed by Stoner. The two of them got away with just $750 worth of loot.
When the two hard-pressed robbers got back to where they had cached their car, they seem to have found a third and final unpleasant surprise waiting for them. Some accounts of this robbery say there was a fourth man who was waiting by the car for them. If so, that fourth man double-crossed them, because the next day the two of them were arrested trudging along the railroad tracks twenty miles from the scene, trying to make it to La Grande on foot. The car was never seen again.
"I am mighty glad to come in and have it all over with," Meadors told the cops, after he was lodged in the county jail.
"That is exactly the way I feel about it," Stoner agreed. "This is the first time either of us was ever in any trouble of this kind before in our lives."
For Stoner, it was the last time. After he was released from prison, he settled down and led a perfectly normal and successful life. He worked hard, bought a farm in Idaho, raised a family and never talked about his previous career, even to his children. He died in 1974 in Newport at age 91.
Meadors was another story; for him, the train robbery was the beginning of a life of crime punctuated by stretches of hard time. Pardoned out of the joint in 1918, he was back in again the following year after getting caught burgling a house in Missouri. He spent the next 20 years filling up his rap sheet with more burglaries, bootlegging charges and even a manslaughter rap. He changed his name several times, and disappeared from the records in the late 1930s.
Deputy McDuffy was hailed as a hero — not just for foiling the robbery, but for saving the lives of everyone on board the train. As M.J. Buckley, the general superintendent of the railroad line, told the Morning Oregonian that the air brakes on a stationary train of that weight, on such a steep grade, would only hold for 15 or 20 minutes. So the whole time the robbers were on board, the clock was ticking, and the only people who could do anything about it were locked in the baggage car at gunpoint.
"It would have been impossible to hold a train like that on that grade without losing some air," Buckley said. "As soon as the air begins to leak the brakes don't hold long, and had the train ever started, nothing in the world could have stopped it. It would have torn down the hill and at the first curve undoubtedly would have left the rails and plunged over the mountainside."
(Sources: Schultz, Austin. http://www.facebook.com/OregonStateArchives, postings of April 10-15, 2013; Portland Morning Oregonian, July 3-6, 1914; Spokane Daily Chronicle, Sept. 22, 1981)
Finn J.D. John teaches New Media at Oregon State University and is the author of "Wicked Portland," a book about the dark side of Oregon's metropolis in the 1890s. He produces a daily podcast at ofor.us/p . To contact him or suggest a topic: [email protected] or 541-357-2222.
Images above: Oregonian/UO Libraries. This explanatory photo spread ran in the July 3, 1914, issue of the Portland Morning Oregonian.
Oregon State Archives. Oregon State Archives. Train robber Albert Meadors as a younger man, several years before he helped Charles Manning and Clarence Stoner rob Train 5.
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