The latest parenting advice from Canada's pediatricians is to shift away from shaming, blaming and any other types of negative discipline to what they call positive parenting.
Positive parenting is a set of principles to correct children's misbehaviour with greater empathy and communication and less punishment — and sticking with it at the times when it's most challenging. Experts say positive parenting fosters loving, predictable and secure relationships between a child and their parent or guardian.
The Canadian Paediatric Society (CPS) said in its latest position statement, released Thursday, that this is the first time it is asking all primary care practitioners to encourage positive parenting. Doing so, the society says, buffers against the effects of stressors and traumatic events.
Gold-standard randomized trials have demonstrated how positive parenting techniques are more effective at reducing negative behaviour in children, said Jenny Jenkins, the Atkinson Chair of Early Child Development and Education at the University of Toronto. Jenkins, a clinical and developmental psychologist, wasn't involved in the position statement.
"Negative comments, negativity or harshness towards children has been shown to be much more problematic developmentally for kids," Jenkins said.
Positive parenting techniques provide a better relationship between parents and children.
"Rather than parents getting mad at kids and being irritable with them and negative with them, the interaction becomes a more positive one," she said.
If parents ignore the low-level problematic things that kids often do and intervene only when there's a safety concern or really bad behaviour, then their interactions with a child can shift in a more positive direction.
"The parents are trying to pick their battles," Jenkins said.
But today's parents may be at a loss on how to practise positive parenting since many of their parents didn't use it with them, said Dr. Andrea Feller, a member of the CPS's early years task force that wrote the position statement.
Past parenting advice was well intentioned and based on what was known at the time, she said. But experts in child brain development no longer recommend discipline that includes punishments like shaming and blaming.
Experts say positive parenting fosters loving, predictable and secure relationships between a child and their parent or guardian. the Canadian Paediatric Society, in a new position statement, is for first time asking all primary care practitioners to encourage positive parenting.
Feller encourages parents who feel conflicted between the way they were raised and adopting positive parenting to trust themselves.
"Parents are a child's first, best and most important teacher," said Feller,a pediatrician in the Niagara Region and a mother of two children under 12.
In fact, the CPS said the reason behind the new statement is that while there are many factors that can put kids at risk for developmental problems, parenting is one that can be easily changed. The focus is on children aged zero to six years.
Time outs 'have a place' but should not be used to discipline children under the age of three, who only understand that a parent or caregiver has turned them away, says Dr. Andrea Feller of the Canadian Paediatric Society.
One way parents can get guidance is at the doctor's office. The CPS is encouraging pediatricians and family doctors to be comfortable asking parents about their relationship with a child and how well the family is coping.
Parents of young children commonly ask doctors for advice on crying, sleep and challenging behaviours, so that could serve as an opening for those types of conversations.
Ask if there is a consistent caregiver, since that is a protective factor.
Model communication skills by being open, predictable, kind and curious.
Promote shared reading by families.
Primary care providers can also direct parents to positive parenting books or free community supports such as local early years centres.
The document also included a section on time outs and time ins.
A time out creates a brief break in the child's behaviours, even if it's a positive one such as expressing curiosity or reaching for a hug. In a time in, on the other hand, the caregiver invites the child to sit and talk about feelings and behaviour in an age-appropriate way.
"Time outs have a place," Feller said, but should be considered a "last resort," since time outs can drift inappropriately into punishment.
What's more, time outs have no place in disciplining children under the age of three, who only understand that a parent or caregiver has turned them away. Often, Feller added, it is the parent who needs a break.
Feller noted social workers and early childhood educators already encourage positive discipline.
Pediatrician Daniel Flanders, founder and director of Kindercare Pediatrics in Toronto, said the position statement is reasonable.
"It's a positive step in right direction, but it's a really small one," Flanders said. What's missing is practical ways to help parents implement it.
Amina Zafar has covered health, medical and science news at CBC since 2000. She has a degree in environmental science and a master's in journalism.
The idea of a link between sugar and hyperactivity in children dates to the 1970s, when the Feingold diet was prescribed by a pediatrician with the same name as an eating plan to alleviate symptoms of ADHD.
"His diet eliminated artificial flavorings, sweeteners and preservatives — and so sugar kind of got lumped in, as well," King said.
This diet may have led parents to perceive that sugar is a culprit when it comes to kids' excitable behavior — even if it is not the true cause of one's hyperactivity.
In one study from the mid-'90s, researchers gave children a drink containing a sugar substitute. One group of moms was told that their kids were drinking a high-sugar drink; the other group was told the truth, that their kids were consuming a sugar substitute. Mothers who were told that their kids consumed sugar rated their kids as more hyperactive, even though they didn't consume any sugar.
"Just thinking their children were consuming sugar caused moms to perceive their children as being more hyperactive," King said.
Instead, a release of the hormone adrenaline might explain a child's overly energetic behavior. "It's a flight or flight hormone; when you are excited or fearful, it increases heart rate and directs blood flow to the muscles, which may make children more antsy and have the urge to keep moving, so you may be perceiving that as hyperactivity," King said.
"If you look at the peer-reviewed evidence, we cannot say sugar absolutely makes kids hyper; however, you can't discount that sugar may have a slight effect" on behavior, said Kristi L. King, senior pediatric dietitian at Texas Children's Hospital and spokeswoman for the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
In the mid-1990s, a meta-analysis reviewed 16 studies on sugar's effects in children. The research, published in the medical journal JAMA, concluded that sugar does not affect behavior or cognitive performance in children. "However, a small effect of sugar or effects on subsets of children cannot be ruled out," the article said.
Like adults, some children may be more sensitive to blood sugar spikes than others. This may mean they are more likely to become aroused when consuming sugar.
Notably, a small percentage of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder may be extra sensitive to sugar, and their behavior changes when they eat it, according to Jill Castle, a registered dietitian and childhood nutrition expert who teaches a parenting course called the ADHD Diet for Kids. "They may become more aggressive or hyperactive or difficult to parent," Castle explained. Minimizing sugar in the diet can be beneficial for these children.
Sugar and hyperactivity: Positive link or parent perception?
To try to determine whether your child is truly sugar-sensitive or just excited about a celebration, Castle recommends eliminating sugary foods from the diet for a few weeks and then testing the child with a sugary food like soda, frosted cake or a tablespoon of sugar in 100% juice, and watching the child's response. "It may be a quick way to determine how sugar may be affecting the child," Castle said.
Then again, like the parents in that study, you may just think they're being hyper just because you know that they consumed sugar.
Even though most kids don't have a sugar sensitivity, that doesn't mean sugar is good for their health. Sugary foods and beverages deliver calories without any nutrients. What's more, eating foods high in added sugars throughout childhood is linked to the development of risk factors for heart disease, such as an increased risk of obesity and elevated blood pressure in children and young adults.
To keep kids healthy, the American Heart Association recommends that children ages 2 to 18 consume less than 6 teaspoons – or 24 grams – of added sugars daily. To put that number in perspective, consider that 24 grams is the amount of sugar in just one 1.55-ounce chocolate bar. A 12-ounce can of regular soda contains about 40 grams of sugar, well over a day's worth.
Gradually reduce the amount of sweets in your child's diet. This is good advice for all kids, with and without ADHD. "I teach the 90/10 Rule for the appropriate balance of nourishing foods and sweets and treats, which equates to one to two normal-sized portions of sweets or treats each day, on average," Castle said. If there seems to be a strong sensitivity to sweets, Castle recommends removing sweets and added sugar from the diet as best as you can.
Establish routine meals and snacks on a predictable schedule. "Anecdotally, this is one of the main things I work on with families, and they tell me they feel their child is calmer and better-behaved. There is something to be said for nourishing the brain and body on predictable, consistent intervals of three to four hours," Castle said.
When introducing foods with added sugars, pair them with protein, healthy fat or fiber. This helps to blunt the effects of blood sugar surges and drops, and it optimizes satiety.
Don't eat sugar on an empty stomach. Doing so can lead to a surge in blood sugar, and that itself may alter a child's behavior, according to Castle.
Make sure that your child is drinking plenty of water. Also, avoid sugar-sweetened beverages on top of eating sugary foods, King advised.
Don't hype up sugar. If you don't have sugar and candies in your house often, and you bring sweets home and make a big deal about it, your child may pick up on it and become excited, King explained.
Categories: children, kids | Tags: adhd, behavior, children, diet, discipline, kids, parenting, sugar | Permalink.
Children, by their very nature, lack the emotional and cognitive resources to navigate life without help. They'll whine, cry, shout, beg, and complain for no reason. We may feel anger, annoyance, frustration and even guilt for how our child behaves.
But kids will be kids, as they say.
Despite the inevitable challenges of parenting, it is our responsibility to teach and set the example. Not all parents embrace this responsibility – and the effects can be devastating.
Parenting is an obligation that we must take on with the utmost sincerity. Indeed, how we decide to raise our children will profoundly influence the type of person he or she becomes.
There comes a time in every parent's life when they question their parenting abilities. This is natural, and it is nothing for which to be ashamed.
Perhaps the most humble and righteous thing that a good parent can do is admit they don't know everything. Being a parent is not something that happens – it is a process. Birth 'happens'; parenting evolves.
This article focuses on eight science-backed methods of raising happy and prosperous children. As you read through, you'll notice a diverse set of opinions and topics.
The common thread behind all of this advice is a scientific consensus, from psychologists, professors, social workers, and, most importantly, parents. The science of child development, while not perfect, provides a useful framework from which to operate.
Decades of research show that emotional intelligence is as critical to success– if not more so – than cognitive intelligence. Per a study conducted by TalentSmart, emotional intelligence ('E.I.') is the most reliable predictor of performance, blowing past I.Q. and personality.
The most important thing a parent can do to cultivate a child's emotional intelligence is to model good behavior and E.I.-related traits.
Helicopter parenting, or overparenting, is one of the most significant problems parents have according to Julie Lythcott-Haims, the former dean of freshman at Stanford University.
Parents who hover around their kids (hence the word 'helicopter') aren't doing them any favors. The same can be said of overprotection.
Giving your child more freedom can be difficult for parents. We love our kids and don't want to see them get hurt. But, we must be willing to let our kids try new things, fail, and experience consequences; it is essential to the maturity process.
Carol Dweck, professor of psychology at Stanford University, examined the difference between a growth mindset and a fixed mindset. She discovered that praising children for developing novel approaches to solving problems, even when unsuccessful, teaches them the importance of seeing things through, giving effort, and realizing their intentions.
The booming tech age is both exciting and novel. But the increasing reliance (addiction?) resulting from overuse of technology is troubling. There is perhaps nothing more disturbing than the child who comes home from school and spends the rest of their evening on an iPad, cell phone, or computer.
Research shows that overusing technology hampers a child's social skill development, encourages a sedentary lifestyle, and inhibits a child's academic growth.
When they want to go to a friend's house, let them. If there's space in front of your home, your kid should be spending at least an hour or two outside per day.
Lythcott-Haims found that one common trait among successful adults is that they reported having additional responsibilities (chores) as kids.
According to researchers in from the University of Essex in the U.K., parents who have high expectations for their children – and consistently remind them of these expectations – are more likely to raise academically-successful kids.
Resilience, or the ability to rebound from setbacks, is a common trait shared among successful people. A high level of resilience enables one person to survive and thrive in circumstances that may defeat someone else.
How do you teach resilience to kids? Set a good example, demonstrate commitment and follow through, practice gratitude, and act as a mentor.
We live in a highly individualistic and cynical world. In fact, studies show that most people, given a choice, will commit an act out of selfishness rather than the common good.
We need more people who serve others and who act as servant-leaders.
Categories: children, kids, parenting | Tags: children, chores, emotional intelligence, expectations, kids, parenting, play, resilience | Permalink.
The more of the foods they consumed, the higher their IQs.
A diet low in sugars, fats and processed foods consumed at a young age may increase your intelligence, research finds.
Children under 3-years-old fed diets that are packed full of nutrients and vitamins have higher IQs.
The more healthily they eat, the higher their IQ.
The study followed the wellbeing and health of 14,000 children born between 1991 and 1992 in the UK.
What they ate was tracked up to the age of 8, when they were given an intelligence test.
The results showed that children who ate a health-conscious diet including more salad, rice, pasta, fish and fruit had higher IQs at age 8.
Those consuming more junk food high in fats and sugars had lower IQs.
There was little effect on IQ from what children ate between ages 4 and 7.
"This suggests that any cognitive/behavioural effects relating to eating habits in early childhood may well persist into later childhood, despite any subsequent changes (including improvements) to dietary intake.
The study was published in the Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health (Northstone et al., 2011).
Categories: children, kids, parenting | Tags: children, diet, intelligence, IQ, kids, parenting | Permalink.
Over-parenting doesn't make for more successful kids, it leads to children who grow up unable to function at their best.
We're in the middle of a youth mental-health crisis that's going to have implications for everyone, in the near and distant future. These young people are the future workers and leaders of our society, and if they're struggling, and not functioning optimally, it bodes ill for the rest of us.
According to an article by Kristin Rushowy in the Toronto Star, a new report released in Ontario shows that the mental health of our college and university students is at an all-time low.
Linda Franklin, president of Colleges Ontario, warns in the Star story that "we are seeing the acceleration of these challenges beyond what we might have expected to see." This means that the size of this problem is worse than what we might expect under ordinary circumstances.
CBC recently reported on the dire situation in East Coast universities in Canada, where young people are committing suicide at an alarming rate.
In both of the above stories, a variety of possible solutions to the problem is discussed, but there's no mention in either article of the possible causes. I suggest that helicopter parenting, which has become more and more common these days, could be in part what's at fault.
We're living in extremely challenging times due to a variety of political, social and economic reasons. Because of this, it's essential that our youth are raised to be independent thinkers, good problem-solvers, self-sufficient and resilient in dealing with the ups and downs of young adulthood.
Helicopter parents, while having the best of intentions, inadvertently cripple their children by doing too much for them. Their hovering and smothering leaves their kids unable to cope with the typical challenges they might face when they arrive at college or university.
The more parents bubble-wrap their children, the less confident, independent and self-sufficient these kids will be. The more the parents solve their kids' problems, the less these young people are equipped to deal with their own difficulties, if and when they should arise.
Many parents these days are overly-invested in the progress of their children, doing everything they can, including their kids' homework, to ensure that their children are accepted into the best schools and receive the best grades.
Unfortunately, over-parenting doesn't make for more successful kids, it leads to children who grow up unable to function at their best. I believe that this is one reason why we're seeing a disproportionately large number of young people suffering from anxiety disorders today.
The more parents bubble-wrap their children, the less confident, independent and self-sufficient these kids will be.
We can throw more money into treatment, but this will only be a drop in an ever-expanding bucket. I think that it will be a lot more cost-effective and more importantly, beneficial to our young people, to address the root cause of the problem.
That's why I believe that it's time we start teaching parents that helicoptering is the worst thing they can do for their kids. We have to show parents that hovering over their kids, over-protecting them, fighting all their battles and doing too much for them is setting these kids up for mental health problems in the future.
When parents learn to back off from their hovering and instead, raise their children to stand on their own two feet and solve their own problems, we're going to see more young people with good coping strategies, confidence and resilience.
When parents begin to instill qualities like autonomy and self-sufficiency into their children, I'm convinced that we'll start to see a significant decrease in mental health problems in our college-aged youth.
Categories: children, kids, parenting | Tags: children, kids, mental health, parenting | Permalink.
Can Man's Best Friend Chase Away Eczema, Asthma?
Parents of children struggling with eczema or asthma might think that having a dog would only make it harder to control their child's condition.
But two new studies suggest man's furry best friend might actually provide some protection against allergic diseases.
The first study contends that having a dog in the house before you're even born may help keep eczema at bay at least until your toddler years. The skin disorder is marked by dry, extremely itchy patches.
"Eczema is usually the first manifestation of [allergic disease] and eczema can predict the development of other [allergic diseases] as kids grow," said study author Dr. Gagandeep Cheema, an allergy and immunology fellow at Henry Ford Hospital in Detroit.
The researchers analyzed 782 mother-child pairs and collected data on prenatal exposure to dogs, which included days where a dog spent at least one hour inside the home.
When the investigators compared kids with prenatal dog exposure to those without, the risk of eczema was reduced in children of dog households by about half at age 2. The effect appeared to diminish by age 10, but Cheema said the researchers are still gathering data and suggested that finding might eventually change.
The second study looked at living with dogs and the odds of asthma symptoms linked to substances found on the dog, such as bacteria, or the dog's own allergens. This study included 188 children from Baltimore with the breathing and wheezing disorder. Ninety-two percent were black, and their average age was 10.
Researchers from this study found that the non-allergen substances on the dogs appeared to reduce the need for an asthma inhaler and reduced nighttime symptoms of asthma. On the flip side, exposure to allergen-inducing proteins from dogs seemed to up the odds of inhaler use and nighttime symptoms.
"Among urban children with asthma who were allergic to dogs, spending time with a dog might be associated with two different effects," said study author Dr. Po-Yang Tsou, from Johns Hopkins University.
"There seems to be a protective effect on asthma of non-allergen dog-associated exposures, and a harmful effect of allergen exposure. However, dog allergen exposure remains a major concern for kids who are allergic to dogs," Tsou said in a statement.
Dr. Craig Osleeb is a pediatric allergist and immunologist at Northern Westchester Medical Center in Mount Kisco, N.Y. He reviewed both studies and said the research left a lot of questions unanswered.
Osleeb noted that the kids with higher exposure to the dog allergen proteins were the ones that tended to have more symptoms. He said isolating those proteins that caused worse symptoms might be a way to help families with asthmatic children find dogs that may help asthma rather than make it worse, though it's too soon to tell yet.
Tsou's study found no protective effect from exposure to cats. The research also didn't find a benefit from exposure to other common allergens such as dust mites or cockroaches.
Cheema said it's too soon to say whether or not people should try to increase exposure to dogs to keep allergic diseases at bay.
"I wouldn't tell anyone to go get a dog. It can be a dangerous thing if people have severe allergies and asthma," she noted.
But for parents who already have a dog in the home, "it's definitely fair to say that this and other research has shown that a dog may be protective," she added.
Cheema said the current theory is that having a dog may expose children to substances that affect their microbiome — the natural mix of bacteria found in the gut.
Both studies were to be presented Friday at the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology's annual meeting, in Boston. Findings presented at meetings are typically viewed as preliminary until they've been published in a peer-reviewed journal.
Categories: asthma, children, eczema, kids | Tags: asthma, children, eczema, kids, pets | Permalink.
A Healthier Halloween For Kids, Without Cutting Out Candy? Yes, Really.
Halloween has always been my favorite holiday. As a child, I looked forward all year to dressing up and going trick-or-treating. I still love putting on costumes and carving pumpkins.
But as much as I love the holiday, it also has its share of detractors. There is plenty of debate about whether parents should limit their kids' access to Halloween activities and candy, in the name of fending off a lifetime of sugar cravings, or let them eat their fill. With childhood obesity on the rise and many parents eager to limit added sugars in their children's diet, which approach is best for helping kids learn healthy eating habits?
I spoke to dozens of parents about how they handle Halloween candy, many of them fellow dietitians. At one end of the spectrum of control are parents who avoid taking their kids trick-or-treating and take them swimming or bowling instead. They say their kids haven't complained about missing out on the festivities. And there are the parents who subscribe to the "switch witch" or "candy fairy" approach. They take their kids trick-or-treating and may let them have a couple of pieces of candy that evening. But once the kids are in bed, the parents switch out the candy stash for a toy. Blaming the candy's disappearance on a witch or fairy helps displace any anger the kids might feel toward their parents.
Penn State research shows, however, that girls who have treats on a regular basis eat less of these foods when they are offered them and tend to be slimmer. Another study from the Netherlands compared the eating behaviors of children who were told they couldn't have sweets, couldn't have fruit or were permitted to eat what they wanted. The restricted groups wanted more of the foods they weren't allowed to have and ate more overall. This suggests that a deprivation mentality backfires when it comes to teaching self-regulation and weight management.
At the other extreme are parents who let their kids eat as much candy as they want. The theory behind this is that kids might overdo it the first couple of days but then tire of the treats and eventually forget about them. Some parents say this approach helps kids learn to self-regulate.
According to research, though, letting kids indulge in as many treats as they want is linked to their being less in tune with the signals their body sends them when they are full. Kids of ­parents with an indulgent ­feeding style also have more trouble ­regulating themselves around food and tend to weigh more than other children. So it seems that allowing kids to eat all the candy they want teaches them to ignore their satiety cues, setting them up to be overweight adults.
As a dietitian, I tell parents to approach Halloween as a learning opportunity. Sweets and other treats are part of life, and sheltering kids from less healthy foods doesn't teach them how to manage them and regulate their eating as adults. Here are my suggestions on how to let your children enjoy the treats of Halloween without going overboard.
According to dietitian and family therapist Ellyn Satter, author of "Child of Mine: Feeding With Love and Good Sense," it's fine to let kids have a few pieces of candy a day, either as dessert after a meal or as a sit-down snack. You can include a piece of candy in their lunch if they want.
This encourages mindful eating rather than distracted eating in front of the TV or on the run. Eating small amounts of treats should help kids learn to savor them and enjoy them more so they're satisfied. Having these treats after a meal or snack means there will be less room for candy, and the protein and fat will help slow down the sugar rush. If they are asking for snacks at bedtime, offer a healthy option that they can follow with a small piece of candy (though if sugar makes them hyper, bedtime might not be the best time for treats).
Let your kids know that if they're able to stick to these rules, they can have control over their candy stash. If they can't, the parent should take charge. Make sure you communicate the plan before trick-or-treating so everyone knows what to expect.
Out of sight, out of mind. This holds true for kids and adults when it comes to food. Don't let kids keep candy or other food in their rooms. Food stays in the kitchen, and the less healthy options should be hidden in a cupboard, not out on the counter for all to see (and grab mindlessly).
Have your kids pick out the candy they love and give away the rest. Learning to choose treats you really enjoy is an important part of healthy eating. You want your kids to savor and enjoy the treats they love rather than go for volume and not really take pleasure in what they're eating.
When you talk about food with your kids, focus on making healthy choices rather than controlling weight. Research suggests that commenting on children's weight can increase the likelihood of unhealthy dieting as well as binge eating and other eating disorders.
Think about how you want your family to approach food and treats, and consider the example you're setting with your eating habits. Do your kids see you making your way to the candy bowl every night? Practice the same balanced food habits you want your kids to have as adults. I'm willing to bet you'll all be healthier and happier as a result.
Categories: candy, children, kids, parenting | Tags: candy, children, diet, halloween, kids, parenting | Permalink.
Changing a handful of little habits can help ensure you have super healthy kids. These are the pediatrician-approved qualities of the most robust kids around.
Many kids—especially as they hit their teen years—don't get the recommended amount of sleep. "Prioritize sleep," says Natasha Burgert, MD, a pediatrician in Kansas City, Missouri. "Sleep is required for healthy growth, body functions, and mental health. Plus, sleep protects against obesity and its associated risks." For toddlers, expect 11 to 14 hours of sleep, while teens should get between 8 and 10 hours per night. Need help getting shut-eye? Try these 10 tips for a better night's sleep.
A 2012 study showed that something as simple as teaching your kids to wash their hands regularly can drastically lower the rate of respiratory and gastrointestinal illness. Here are other key ways to avoid getting sick.
"Parents can teach their kids to eat foods that are all colors of the rainbow," says Jean Moorjani, MD, a pediatrician at Orlando Health's Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children. "The variety will ensure that kids are getting the appropriate vitamins and nutrients they need to grow and be healthy." These are the after-school snacks nutritionists give their own kids.
Car accidents are one of the most common causes of death in kids under 12, and 35 percent of those killed were not properly restrained in car seats. Follow the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendations, and have kids rear facing until they turn 2, in a five-point harness until they outgrow their forward-facing seat, and then a belt-positioning booster until they reach 4 feet 9 inches. Learn how to use a car seat safely.
Only about half of children wear helmets when they ride their bikes, even though nearly 26,000 kids each year end up with bike-related head injuries, according to the CDC. And though they aren't perfect, a study in the American College of Surgery shows that people who wore helmets reduced their risk of traumatic brain injury by 53 percent. These are the signs you need to go to the ER after a head injury.
A recent survey by Common Sense Media finds that kids are glued to their screens for an average of 2 hours and 20 minutes every day. But super healthy kids step away from technology. "Kids who spend too much time in front of a screen—computer, video games, tablets, smartphones—have higher risks of developing obesity, depression, sleep problems, lower academic performance, and increased risky behavior," says Dr. Moorjani.
Regular doctor's visits can help ensure that everything's ship shape—and make sure that you catch any underlying medical issues sooner. "Parents can contact their trusted pediatrician for guidance in helping their kids grow up as healthy as they can be," says Dr. Moorjani. "As healthcare providers, we want what you want, and that is for every child to grow up healthy." Here's how to find a pediatrician you can trust.
Categories: children, kids, parenting | Tags: children, computers, diet, exercise, kids, parenting, safety, sleep, smartphones, tablets | Permalink.