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The method of water purification and membrane installation for its implementation
C02F9 - Multistep treatment of water, waste water or sewage
C02F1/44 - TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE (processes for making harmful chemical substances harmless, or less harmful, by effecting a chemical change in the substances A62D0003000000; separation, settling tanks or filter devices B01D; special arrangements on waterborne vessels of installations for treating water, waste water or sewage, e.g. for producing fresh water, B63J; adding materials to water to prevent corrosion C23F; treating radioactively-contaminated liquids G21F0009040000)
B01D61/08 - Apparatus therefor
B01D61/02 - Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
(57) Abstract:
Usage: membrane separation of solutions and suspensions, in particular the treatment of natural water, pre-treatment of the water before deep cleaning, such as desalination, industrial wastewater treatment, separation, purification and concentration of solutions or suspensions of organic or mineral substances. The inventive membrane installation for purifying water includes a pump for supplying raw water, the four-way valve, the battery separator devices on the basis of hollow fiber or tubular micro - or ultrafiltration membranes, the feed line from the water source, the drain line of the concentrate shut-off valve and install-run parallel to the diaphragm, the line of drainage of the filtrate with shut-off valve. Installation is also equipped with storage capacity of the filtrate, wash pump connected to the suction nozzle with a cumulative capacity of the filtrate, and the discharge pipe line of the drainage of the filtrate. The method of purifying water includes a step of water filtration on membrane plant and the stage of regeneration of the installation, and on-stage filtration in the battery separator devices served source water without impurities can, this shut off valve on the line exhaust concentrate and open the shutoff valve on the line of drainage of the filtrate, at the stage of regeneration include mud pump for continuous operation, close the shutoff valve on the line of drainage of the filtrate, the shut-off valve on the line exhaust concentrate alternately opened and closed, the pump source water include after opening the shut-off valve on the line exhaust concentrate on and off simultaneously with closing it. The invention is directed to reducing energy consumption, improving the quality of the filtrate, increasing productivity and resource working MEM-foul installation. 2 S. p. f-crystals, 1 tab., 1 Il.
The invention relates to the field of membrane separation solutions and suspensions, in particular to the means of purification of natural waters in order to use them in drinking water, for the preparation of water before further cleaning, such as desalination, wastewater treatment, separation, purification and concentration of solutions or suspensions of organic or mineral substances, and can be used in the system of economic-drinking water supply and communal hossanova for water purification, including membrane apparatus, a circulation pump and a circulation loop [1].
The main disadvantages of known construction are the low performance of the device and a considerable consumption of energy.
The known method of water treatment by ultrafiltration with a membrane apparatus serves not the source water, and the concentrate or blend raw water with concentrate [2].
The main disadvantage of this method is the low quality of the filtrate.
Known membrane plant for water purification, comprising a pump source water, the four-way valve, the battery separator devices on the basis of hollow fiber or tubular micro - or ultrafiltration membranes, a circulation pump and a circulation loop [3].
In the battery separator of the apparatus of known construction and serves a mixture of raw water and concentrate, which significantly reduces the quality of the filtrate. In addition, in order to increase the period of the work cycle by reducing concentration polarization through the separating apparatus pumped much more filtered water than you need to filter that requires excessive energy consumption. Core neotropica their flow of filtered water removes particles of contaminant, deposited on the membrane, and penetrated into its pores remain mostly. This reduces the capacity and lifetime of its operation.
The known method of water purification, including the stage of the filtration membrane apparatus and the stage of regeneration of the membrane from contamination, consisting in a sudden dropping the pressure in the apparatus and the washing of the membranes reverse fluid flow [4].
This method has significant drawbacks. The reverse current of the liquid (filtrate) by itself is ineffective as a permanent or even long-term effect of the differential pressure above and below the membrane, the filtrate passes through the largest pores, washing away of particles of pollutants and Wrigley deposited on the membrane. Through small pores having a large hydraulic resistance and adhesion to the particles of pollutants, the filtrate almost is. In addition, a small rate of flow of filtrate along the membrane does not allow you to disrupt and to make of the apparatus loosened dirt.
The invention is directed to reducing energy consumption, improving the quality of the filtrate, increase productivity, resource of membrane water purification plants.
For up to the four-way valve, the battery separator devices on the basis of hollow fiber or tubular micro - or ultrafiltration membranes, the feed line from the source water, the line of drainage of the filtrate with shut-off valve and a drain line of the concentrate shut-off valve and installed parallel to the diaphragm, provided with storage capacity for the filtrate, wash pump connected to the suction nozzle with a cumulative capacity of the filtrate, and the discharge pipe line of the drainage of the filtrate.
The method of purification of water for the proposed membrane installation includes proper stage of water filtration and stage of regeneration installation. At the stage of filtration in the battery separator devices served source water without impurities in the concentrate outlet of the concentrate passes through the aperture in the amount of not more than 6% of the produced filtrate, with shut off valve on the line exhaust concentrate and open the shutoff valve on the line of drainage of the filtrate. At the stage of regeneration include mud pump for continuous operation, close the shutoff valve on the line of drainage of the filtrate, the shut-off valve on the line exhaust concentrate alternately opened and closed, the pump source water include after she the drawing shows a diagram of the proposed membrane water purification plants.
Membrane water purification plants contains coarse filter 1, the pump raw water 2, the check valve 3, the four-way valve 4, the battery separator apparatus 5 based on hollow fiber or tubular micro - or ultrafiltration membranes 6, the check valve 7, the cumulative capacity of 8, mud pump 9, the check valve 10, a diaphragm 11, mounted in parallel shut-off valve 12, the feed line from the water source 13, line exhaust concentrate 14, line drainage of the filtrate 15.
The device operates as follows. Source water past the filter 1, the pump 2 is fed through a check valve 3, the four-way valve 4 in the battery separator apparatus 5. The filtrate along the lines of drainage of the filtrate 15 through a check valve 7 enters the holding tank 8. The concentrate from the battery apparatus 5 via line exhaust concentrate 14 divert through the four-way valve 4 and the diaphragm 11, which transmits the concentrate in an amount of not more than 6% of the produced filtrate. In filter mode mud pump 9 is off, the shut-off valve 7 is open, the shut-off valve 12 is closed.
After the performance of the membrane installation is the result of accumulation on the surface membranous shutoff valve 7 on the line of the filtrate discharge 15. When this mud pump 9 includes a continuous operation. Some time later, when the pressure under the membrane and on the membrane are compared, open the shut-off valve 12. The pressure above the membrane 6 is sharply reduced, and the filtrate from podobrannogo space rushes in namebrand over the entire area of hollow fiber or tubular membranes 6, removing the settled particles contaminants that are removed from the apparatus 5 in the form of wash water through the four-way valve 4 and the shut-off valve 12. Then turn the pump 2, the velocity of flow in the channel hollow fiber or tubular membranes 6 increases and the final removal of the contaminants from the installation.
Example. In accordance with the invention was assembled membrane unit and a cleaning process river water R. Psekups Krasnodar region. The installation included a pump source water 2 brand TACs 25/20, the battery separator apparatus 5 in the amount of 120 PCs brand UVA-PS-20-1040-based hollow-fiber ultrafiltration membranes 6, mud pump 9 brand TACs 63/20.
The table presents characteristics of the proposed method and device for purification of water in comparison with the known.3/h and 22 m3/h, respectively, after 500 hours of operation - 12 m3/h and 18 m3/h respectively. The resource of the known installation was 500 h, and suggested 11000 hours Total electricity consumption in the proposed installation of more than 2 times less than in the known installation (2.9 and 7 kW, respectively).
Thus, the invention allows to reduce energy consumption, increase performance and service life of the membrane installation, to improve the efficiency of the process of water filtration.
1. The UK Patent N 2164579.
2. The same.
3. RF patent N 2006490.
4. Dynarski Y. P. Barometric processes. Theory and calculation. M.: Chemistry, 1986, S. 70.
1. Membrane installation for purification of water containing a pump source water, the four-way valve, the battery separator devices on the basis of hollow fiber or tubular micro - or ultrafiltration membranes, the feed line from the source water, the line of drainage of the filtrate with shut-off valve and a drain line of the concentrate shut-off valve and installed parallel the United suction inlet with a cumulative capacity of the filtrate, and pressure pipe - line drainage of the filtrate.
2. The method of purification of water, including the stage of water filtration on membrane plant and the stage of regeneration installation, characterized in that at the stage of filtration in the battery separator devices served source water without impurities in the concentrate outlet of the concentrate passes through the aperture in the amount of not more than 6% of the produced filtrate, with shut off valve on the line exhaust concentrate and open the shutoff valve on the line of drainage of the filtrate, at the stage of regeneration include mud pump for continuous operation, the shut-off valve on the line exhaust concentrate alternately open and close, the pump source water include after opening the shut-off valve on the line exhaust concentrate on and off simultaneously with closing it.
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