The last few years have experienced a resurgence of activity in the formulation of fracture mechanics models, particularly to place them within a sound mathematical framework, as well as to address open questions related to crack nucleation and evolution, especially in coupled materials and three dimensions. New classes of models have appeared, such as smeared crack models, gradient damage formulations, and variational approaches to fracture. Computational fracture mechanics refers to the creation of numerical methods to approximate the crack evolutions predicted by these models.