The Nizam's State Railway, which was started in 1873, opened the first section for traffic from Wadi to Secunderabad on 8th October, 1874. Later the Nizam's Guaranteed State Railways, which was formed in the Year 1883, took over this section. By 1890, the company had nearly 320 miles of Railway and was the largest Railway system, run by an Indian State. On the 1st of April, 1930, the VII Nizam, H.E.H. Mir Osman Ali Khan's Government took over the reins of the Railway and christened it as "H.E.H The Nizam's State, Railway". With the accession of all independent states into the Union of India, "H.E.H The Nizam's State Railway" was amalgamated into the Indian Railways on the 1stof April, 1952. The former N.S.R. jurisdiction was renamed into a composite Secunderabad Division belonging to Central Railway. South Central Railway was formed on 2ndOctober, 1966 and retained the composite Secunderabad Division.
Hyderabad Division was chalked out on 17th November 1977 and came into existence on 17th February 1978as a separate Division, bifurcating the erstwhile Secunderabad Division into BG and MG Divisions. With the formation of Nanded Division out of Hyderabad Division w.e.f. 1stApril 2003,and further inclusion of Gadwal- Raichur section w.e.f 12.10.2013, the resultant jurisdiction of Hyderabad Division is now as under.
The jurisdiction of Hyderabad division covers mainly the erstwhile "H.E.H The Nizam's State Railway". Passing through Telangana and Rayalaseema areas of Andhra Pradesh. Only a small section of 47.63 Kms from Dharmabad to Mudkhed lies in Maharashtra state and a section of 23 Kms from Panduranga Swamy Road to Raichur lies in Karnataka.
With the advent of the 'Uni-Gauge" policy, the section between Secunderabad-Dronachallam, Secunderabad-Bolarum, Nizamabad-Mudkhed, Jankampet-Bodhan and Bolarum-Manoharabad were converted into Broad Gauge by the end of year 2003-04. The section between Manoharabad – Nizamabad was closed for Gauge Conversion during 2004-05 w.e.f. 01.07.2004 and was opened for traffic on 07.02.2005 after gauge conversion. Thus Hyderabad Division has become full-fledged Broad Gauge Division.
There are total of 107 stations on Hyderabad Division, comprising 57 Block stations, 42 Halt stations operated on Contract basis and 8 CNC stations operated by Railway staff. The CNC stations are also popularly known as MMTS stations.
Hyderabad Division is responsible for maintenance of almost all Railway assets/estates in the Twin cities of Secunderabad/Hyderabad.
The Jogulamba Temple at Alampur on the banks of Tungabhadra etc.