The association between dietary habits and periodontal disease in young adult women
Akemi Hosoda, Yuriko Komagamine, Manabu Kanazawa, Yohei Hama, Akiko Kojo, Shunsuke Minakuchi
Akemi Hosoda
Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, JapanDivision of Medical Nutrition, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
Yuriko Komagamine
Gerodontology and Oral Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
For correspondence: y.komagamine.gerd@tmd.ac.jp
Manabu Kanazawa
Yohei Hama
Akiko Kojo
Division of Medical Nutrition, Faculty of Healthcare, Tokyo Healthcare University, Tokyo, Japan
Shunsuke Minakuchi
Background Among middle-aged and elderly individuals, dietary habits have previously been reported to differ between patients with and without periodontal disease. However, in young adults, there are only a few reports that show a correlation between nutrient/food intake and periodontal disease. Moreover, no report has assessed the correlation between dietary habits measured by a self-administered diet history questionnaire (DHQ) and periodontal disease. Therefore, we assessed the correlation between dietary habits, determined using a DHQ, and periodontal disease in young adult women who are likely to develop a periodontal disease.
Methods The participants were 120 healthy, non-smoking, female college students (mean age, 20.4 ± 1.1 years) from two universities who did not have any systemic disease. The participants were assessed for periodontal disease according to community periodontal index (CPI) and were divided into two groups. Subjects with a CPI code of 0, 1, or 2 were assigned to non-periodontal disease group (non-PD), and subjects with a CPI code of 3 or 4 were assigned to periodontal disease group (PD). Dietary habits were assessed using a DHQ. In addition, physical status, level of difficulty in chewing food (dietary hardness), masticatory performance, and quality of life (QoL) were assessed.
Results The PD group had a significantly lower nutrient intake of minerals, fat, water-soluble vitamins, and dietary fiber than the non-PD group. In terms of food groups, the PD group consumed significantly lesser amounts of green and yellow vegetables than the non-PD group. In addition, the PD group consumed significantly lesser amounts of hard foods than the non-PD group.
Conclusion Young adult women with a periodontal disease had a significantly lower nutrient/food intake than young adult women without a periodontal disease.
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