Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012
S. Veldheer, J. Yingst, J. Zhu, J. Foulds
Department of Family and Community Medicine
Cancer Institute, Cancer Control
Division of Health Services and Behavioral Research
Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics
Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health
Background/Objectives:Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit.Subjects/Methods:In all, 12 204 adults ≥36 years old were selected from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1-10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers.Results:Mean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5versus 8.4 kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9 kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1-14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0 kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of ≥25 CPD (10.3 kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1 kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups.Conclusions:In a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (≥25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.
International Journal of Obesity
https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.127
10.1038/ijo.2015.127
Dive into the research topics of 'Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.
Weight Gain Medicine & Life Sciences 83%
Smokers Medicine & Life Sciences 77%
Smoking Medicine & Life Sciences 66%
Smoking Cessation Medicine & Life Sciences 52%
Tobacco Products Medicine & Life Sciences 43%
Body Mass Index Medicine & Life Sciences 14%
Smoke Medicine & Life Sciences 6%
Veldheer, S., Yingst, J., Zhu, J., & Foulds, J. (2015). Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012. International Journal of Obesity, 39(12), 1727-1732. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.127
Veldheer, S. ; Yingst, J. ; Zhu, J. ; Foulds, J. / Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012. In: International Journal of Obesity. 2015 ; Vol. 39, No. 12. pp. 1727-1732.
@article{84dee0f41c0c4c5cb5be2b04b3e7492b,
title = "Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012",
abstract = "Background/Objectives:Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit.Subjects/Methods:In all, 12 204 adults ≥36 years old were selected from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1-10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers.Results:Mean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5versus 8.4 kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9 kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1-14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0 kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of ≥25 CPD (10.3 kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1 kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups.Conclusions:In a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (≥25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.",
author = "S. Veldheer and J. Yingst and J. Zhu and J. Foulds",
note = "Funding Information: This research was supported by funds from the Penn State Cancer Institute to JF. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited.",
doi = "10.1038/ijo.2015.127",
journal = "International Journal of Obesity",
Veldheer, S, Yingst, J, Zhu, J & Foulds, J 2015, 'Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012', International Journal of Obesity, vol. 39, no. 12, pp. 1727-1732. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.127
Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012. / Veldheer, S.; Yingst, J.; Zhu, J.; Foulds, J.
In: International Journal of Obesity, Vol. 39, No. 12, 01.12.2015, p. 1727-1732.
T1 - Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012
AU - Veldheer, S.
AU - Yingst, J.
AU - Zhu, J.
AU - Foulds, J.
N1 - Funding Information: This research was supported by funds from the Penn State Cancer Institute to JF. Publisher Copyright: © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limited.
N2 - Background/Objectives:Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit.Subjects/Methods:In all, 12 204 adults ≥36 years old were selected from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1-10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers.Results:Mean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5versus 8.4 kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9 kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1-14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0 kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of ≥25 CPD (10.3 kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1 kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups.Conclusions:In a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (≥25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.
AB - Background/Objectives:Weight gain after quitting smoking is a common concern for smokers and can discourage quit attempts. The purpose of this analysis was to describe the long-term weight gain, smoking cessation attributable (SCA) weight gain and describe their relationship to cigarette consumption and body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago in a contemporary, nationally representative sample of smokers who continued to smoke and those who quit.Subjects/Methods:In all, 12 204 adults ≥36 years old were selected from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Ten-year weight gain for never, continuing and former smokers (who quit 1-10 years ago) was calculated by body mass index (BMI) 10 years ago and cigarettes per day (CPD). SCA weight gain was calculated by taking the difference between the adjusted mean 10-year weight gain of former smokers and that of continuing smokers.Results:Mean 10-year weight gain among continuing smokers was 3.5versus 8.4 kg among former smokers; the SCA weight gain was 4.9 kg. After Bonferroni correction, there was no significant difference in overall weight gain between continuing and former smokers of 1-14 CPD, and SCA weight gain was lowest in this group (2.0 kg, confidence interval (CI): 0.3, 3.7). SCA weight gain was highest for former smokers of ≥25 CPD (10.3 kg, CI: 7.4, 13.2) and for those who were obese (7.1 kg, CI: 2.9, 11.3) mostly because of lower than average weight gain or weight loss among continuing smokers in these groups.Conclusions:In a current, nationally representative sample, baseline BMI and CPD were important factors that contributed to the magnitude of long-term weight gain following smoking cessation. Light to moderate smokers (<15 CPD) experienced little SCA weight gain, whereas heavy smokers (≥25 CPD) and those who were obese before quitting experienced the most.
U2 - 10.1038/ijo.2015.127
DO - 10.1038/ijo.2015.127
JO - International Journal of Obesity
JF - International Journal of Obesity
Veldheer S, Yingst J, Zhu J, Foulds J. Ten-year weight gain in smokers who quit, smokers who continued smoking and never smokers in the United States, NHANES 2003-2012. International Journal of Obesity. 2015 Dec 1;39(12):1727-1732. https://doi.org/10.1038/ijo.2015.127