James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881, until his death by assassination six and a half months later. He is the only sitting member of the United States House of Representatives to be elected to the presidency. Garfield entered politics as a Republican in 1857. He served as a member of the Ohio State Senate from 1859 to 1861. Garfield opposed Confederate secession, served as a major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and fought in the battles of Middle Creek, Shiloh, and Chickamauga.
Introduction
James A. Garfield
James A. Garfield | Introduction
March 4, 1881 March 4, 1881 March 4, 1881 4 March ,1881.
on what date did the 1880 democratic national convention occur?
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June 22 to 24, 1880
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what was the purpose for this meeting?
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To nominate Winfield S. Hancock for president and William H. English for vice president in the US presidential election of 1880.
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in which venue was this held?
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Music Hall in Cincinnati, Ohio
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can you name some people who attended this?
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Henry B. Payne
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who is the above person?
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American politician
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can you name a few nominees from this convention?
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Justice Stephen J. Field, Thomas F. Bayard. Gray, to name a few.
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were the nominees selected on the basis of the number of votes or were they selected as per their ambition?
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Number of votes
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who won the largest number of votes in this convention?
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Winfield S. Hancock
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did the above person win the us presidential election of 1880?
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No
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instead who won?
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James A. Garfield
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what's the above person's date of birth?
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November 19, 1831
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when did he take office for the president's role?
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James A. Garfield (1831–1881) was the 20th President of the United States. James Garfield may also refer to:
James Garfield (disambiguation) | Introduction
James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States, serving from March 4, 1881, until his death by assassination six and a half months later. He is the only sitting member of the United States House of Representatives to be elected to the presidency. Garfield entered politics as a Republican in 1857. He served as a member of the Ohio State Senate from 1859 to 1861. Garfield opposed Confederate secession, served as a major general in the Union Army during the American Civil War, and fought in the battles of Middle Creek, Shiloh, and Chickamauga.
James A. Garfield | Introduction
The inauguration of James A. Garfield as the 20th President of the United States was held on Friday, March 4, 1881, at the East Portico of the United States Capitol in Washington, D.C. This was the 24th inauguration and marked the commencement of the only four-year term of James A. Garfield as President and Chester A. Arthur as Vice President. Garfield died days into this term, and Arthur succeeded to the presidency. Chief Justice Morrison Waite administered the presidential oath of office.
Inauguration of James A. Garfield | Introduction
Soon after the wedding, he formally entered his name to read law (1859) at the office of attorney Albert Gallatin Riddle a Cleveland firm, although he did his studying in Hiram. He was admitted to the bar in 1861.
James A. Garfield | Education, marriage and early career
In September 1881, when Chester A. Arthur succeeded to the presidency following James A. Garfield's death, there was no vice president, no president pro tempore of the Senate, and no speaker of the House of Representatives. Then, in November 1885, Grover Cleveland faced a similar situation, following the death of Vice President Thomas A. Hendricks, as the Senate and the House had not convened yet to elect new officers.
United States presidential line of succession | Act of 1886
Grant took his place in the Presidency.
Josiah Butterfield | Introduction
President James A. Garfield died over two months after he was shot by an assassin, Charles Guiteau. Arthur, then Vice President, became President. Arthur was at home around midnight on the night of September 19, 1881 with Police Commissioner Stephen B. French, District Attorney Daniel G. Rollins, and attorney Elihu Root, when he learned in a telegram from members of Garfield's cabinet that Garfield had died. The cabinet members wired Arthur their advice that he should "take the oath of office as president of the United States without delay." It was after midnight when Arthur and his guests dispatched messengers to locate a judge who could administer the presidential oath.
John R. Brady | Inauguration of Chester Alan Arthur
James Rudolph Garfield (October 17, 1865 – March 24, 1950) was an American politician and lawyer. Garfield was a son of President James A. Garfield and First Lady Lucretia Garfield. He served as Secretary of the Interior during President Theodore Roosevelt's administration.
James Rudolph Garfield | Introduction
Garfield, and by the thirty-sixth ballot he had 399 votes, enough for victory. Garfield placated the Stalwarts by endorsing Chester A. Arthur of New York, a Conkling loyalist, as nominee for vice president, but it was to Blaine and his delegates that Garfield owed his nomination. When Garfield was elected over Democrat Winfield Scott Hancock, he turned to Blaine to guide him in selection of his cabinet and offered him the preeminent position: Secretary of State. Blaine accepted, resigning from the Senate on March 4, 1881.
James G. Blaine | 1880 presidential election
President Hayes suggested that Garfield run for governor in 1879, seeing that as a road that would likely put Garfield in the White House. Garfield preferred to seek election as a U.S. Senator. Rivals were spoken of for the seat, such as Secretary Sherman, but he had presidential ambitions (for which he sought Garfield's support), and other candidates fell by the wayside. Garfield was elected to the Senate by the General Assembly in January 1880, though his term was not scheduled to commence until March 4, 1881. Garfield was never seated in the U.S. Senate.
James A. Garfield | U.S. Senate election, 1880
To Blaine's chagrin, the victorious Garfield returned to his goal of balancing the interests of party factions, and nominated a number of Conkling's Stalwart friends to offices.
James A. Garfield | Cabinet and inauguration
Arthur was at home near midnight on the night of September 19, 1881, with Police Commissioner Stephen B. French, District Attorney Daniel G. Rollins, and attorney Elihu Root, when he learned in a telegram from members of Garfield's cabinet that Garfield had died. The cabinet members wired President Arthur their advice that he should "take the oath of office as president of the United States without delay." It was after midnight when Arthur and his guests dispatched messengers to locate a judge who could administer the presidential oath. The first jurist who could be located in the early morning hours of September 20 was John R.
Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur | Assumption of office
Garfield. He later campaigned for Benjamin Harrison. In 1891, President Harrison named Nebeker Treasurer of the United States, with Nebeker holding office from April 25, 1891 to May 31, 1893.
Enos H. Nebecker | Biography
After serving nearly one year as acting president and one as full president, he returned to full-time teaching and serving as the school vice president until his death in March 1930.
James S. Buchanan | Introduction
"Full name:" James Abram Garfield
List of nicknames of presidents of the United States | James Garfield
James Abram Garfield (November 19, 1831September 19, 1881) was the 20th president of the United States from March to September 1881. An assassin's bullet ended his life and presidency and cut his time in office after serving only 200 days. He had a distinguished military background. Garfield served in the United States Army as a major general, as a member of the U.S. House of Representatives, and as a member of the highly controversial Electoral Commission of 1876. He was the second U.S. president to be assassinated. Garfield was the only sitting member of the House of Representatives to have been elected president.
Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps | James Garfield
The death of President James A. Garfield in 1881, after his lengthy incapacity, resulted in Vice President Chester Arthur ascending to the presidency. Upon Arthur becoming President, there was then no vice president, no president pro tempore of the Senate, and no speaker of the House of Representatives. However, a new president pro tempore of the Senate was named on October 10, 1881, and a new speaker of the House of Representatives was named in December 1881. In 1884 Grover Cleveland successfully ran for and was elected president, with Thomas A. Hendricks being elected vice president. Hendricks' death in November 1885 just nine months into his term, which once again left no direct successor, forced Congress to address the inadequacies of the 1792 Succession Act.
Presidential Succession Act | Presidential Succession Act of 1886
In October, President and Mrs. Hayes came to a reception at Hay's Cleveland home. When Assistant Secretary of State Frederick W. Seward resigned later that month, Hay was offered his place and accepted, after some hesitancy because he was considering running for Congress. In Washington, Hay oversaw a staff of eighty employees, renewed his acquaintance with his friend Henry Adams, and substituted for Evarts at Cabinet meetings when the Secretary was out of town. In 1880, he campaigned for the Republican nominee for president, his fellow Ohioan, Congressman James A. Garfield. Hay felt that Garfield did not have enough backbone, and hoped that Reid and others would "inoculate him with the gall which I fear he lacks".
John Hay | Return to politics
Garfield consulted Hay before and after his election as president on appointments and other matters, but offered Hay only the post of private secretary (though he promised to increase its pay and power), and Hay declined. Hay resigned as assistant secretary effective March 31, 1881, and spent the next seven months as acting editor of the "Tribune" during Reid's extended absence in Europe. Garfield's death in September and Reid's return the following month left Hay again on the outside of political power, looking in. He would spend the next fifteen years in that position.
John Hay | Return to politics
In August 1874 Butler resigned as president and James White, now sufficiently recovered, took back the reins of leadership.
George Ide Butler | Introduction
He had been chosen Superior in 1795, a position which he held until 1801, when, at his own request, he came to England; to return again, however, as President in May 1806.
James Buckley (bishop) | Introduction
Garfield left his home in Mentor, Ohio for Washington, D.C. on Monday, February 28, 1881. In his address, Garfield denounced attempts to impede African-American suffrage, expressed his confidence in the gold standard, warned against the dangers of high rates of illiteracy, and admonished the practice of polygamy by members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. Garfield was recognized as an extremely competent public speaker, but faced difficulty when composing his inaugural address. Three days before his inauguration, he scrapped his speech and feverishly began work on a new one. Exhausted by several sleepless nights of writing, he delivered his rushed oration on March 4, but it failed to live up to the high expectations of many of those present.
Inauguration of James A. Garfield | Inauguration
Elections were held the first Tuesday of October. U.S. Representatives took office March 4 and have a two-year term. The General Assembly chose the U.S. Senators for six years that also began March 4. In this case he was initially completing the existing term, the vacancy caused by the resignation of William H. Wells.
James A. Bayard (politician, born 1767) | Almanac
James Abram Garfield was raised in humble circumstances on an Ohio farm by his widowed mother. He worked at various jobs, including on a canal boat, in his youth. Beginning at age 17, he studied at Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, from which he graduated in 1856. A year later, Garfield entered politics as a Republican. He married Lucretia Rudolph in 1858, and served as a member of the Ohio State Senate (1859–1861). Garfield opposed Confederate secession, served as a major general in the Union Army during the Civil War, and fought in the battles of Middle Creek, Shiloh, and Chickamauga.
1880 United States presidential election | Garfield
Coins for circulation Banknotes
List of presidents of the United States on currency | James A. Garfield
He loitered around Republican headquarters in New York City during the winter of 1880–1881, expecting rewards for his speech, but to no avail. Guiteau arrived in Washington on March 5, 1881, the day after Garfield's inauguration, still believing that he would be rewarded. He obtained entrance to the White House and saw the President on March 8, 1881, dropping off a copy of his speech as a reminder of the campaign work which he had done on Garfield's behalf. He spent the next two months roaming around Washington, staying at rooming houses and sneaking away without paying for his meals and lodging.
Assassination of James A. Garfield | Background
At the 1956 Democratic National Convention in August, he received 33 votes for President (sixth place).
James C. Davis | Introduction
Perhaps if he had lived he could have done no more." Rutkow writes, "James Abram Garfield's presidency is reduced to a tantalizing 'what if.
James A. Garfield | Legacy and historical view
On July 2, 1881, President Garfield was shot in the back by Charles J. Guiteau, who shouted: "I am a Stalwart of the Stalwarts ... Arthur is president now!" Arthur, who knew nothing of this in advance, was mortified.
Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur | Garfield shot
On March 5, 1881, President Garfield announced his new cabinet, which included James as Postmaster General. Stepping down from his previous position as Postmaster of New York (which was to be succeeded by his son-in-law), he entered into office two days later. In only ten months he enacted lasting reforms. When he first took office, he found an annual deficit of $2 million, varying in amounts with few exceptions going back to 1851. He immediately began a policy of reform, making reductions in the star service amounting to $1,713,541, and in the steamboat service saving over $300,000, and thus clearing the debt.
Thomas Lemuel James | United States Postmaster General
This meant that when the incumbent political party lost a presidential election, the federal government underwent wholesale turnover. On July 2, 1881, Charles J. Guiteau, a disaffected and mentally unstable political office seeker, assassinated President James Garfield. This highlighted how much the patronage problem had gotten out of control, and shifted public opinion, convincing the United States that the President of the United States had more important things to do than to engage in patronage. Congress was eventually spurred to pass the Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act of 1883, which created a Civil Service Commission and advocated a merit system for selecting government employees.
Political appointments in the United States | History
He was first elected to Congress in 1862 to represent Ohio's 19th district. Throughout Garfield's congressional service after the war, he firmly supported the gold standard and gained a reputation as a skilled orator. He initially agreed with Radical Republican views on Reconstruction, but later favored a moderate approach to civil rights enforcement for freedmen. At the 1880 Republican National Convention, delegates chose Garfield, who had not sought the White House, as a compromise presidential nominee on the 36th ballot. In the 1880 presidential election, he conducted a low-key front porch campaign and narrowly defeated Democrat Winfield Scott Hancock. Garfield's accomplishments as president included a resurgence of presidential authority against senatorial courtesy in executive appointments, purging corruption in the Post Office, and appointing a U.S.
James A. Garfield | Introduction
While serving in the Army in early 1862, Garfield was approached by friends about running for Congress from Ohio's newly redrawn, heavily Republican 19th district. He was worried that he and other state-appointed generals would get obscure assignments, and running for Congress would allow him to resume his political career. The fact that the new Congress would not hold its first regular session until December 1863 allowed him to continue his war service for a time. Home on medical leave, he refused to campaign for the nomination, leaving that to political managers who secured it at the local convention in September 1862 on the eighth ballot.
James A. Garfield | Election in 1862; Civil War years
Elections were held the first Tuesday of October and, beginning 1832, the first Tuesday after November 1. U.S. Representatives took office March 4 and have a two-year term.
John J. Milligan | Almanac
Garfield supported the proposed establishment of the United States civil service as a means of ridding officials of the annoyance of aggressive office seekers. He especially wished to eliminate the common practice whereby government workers, in exchange for their positions, were forced to kick back a percentage of their wages as political contributions. As the 1876 presidential election approached, Garfield was loyal to the candidacy of Senator Blaine, and fought for the former Speaker's nomination at the 1876 Republican National Convention in Cincinnati. When it became clear, after six ballots, that Blaine could not prevail, the convention nominated Ohio Governor Rutherford B.
James A. Garfield | Minority leader; Hayes administration
In the weeks following Garfield's election, Hayes and Garfield worked with each other to assure a smooth transition of power.
Presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes | 1880 presidential election
The senior Douglass had been nominated to this office by President James Garfield in 1881, serving in that office until his resignation following the inauguration of President Grover Cleveland in 1885.
Frederick Douglass Jr. | Career
Blaine.
James Rudolph Garfield | College and early career
He died in office at the age of 62.
James McInnis | Introduction
To replace Blaine, the president chose Frederick T. Frelinghuysen of New Jersey, a Stalwart recommended by former President Grant.
History of U.S. foreign policy, 1861–1897 | Garfield and Arthur administrations, 1881–1885
Garfield, having overcome his challengers at his district nominating convention, was easily reelected. Garfield opposed the initial talk of impeaching Johnson when Congress convened in December 1866, but supported legislation to limit Johnson's powers, such as the Tenure of Office Act, which restricted Johnson in removing presidential appointees. Distracted by committee duties, he rarely spoke about these bills, but was a loyal Republican vote against Johnson. Due to a court case, he was absent on the day in April 1868 when the House impeached Johnson, but soon gave a speech aligning himself with Thaddeus Stevens and others who sought Johnson's removal.
James A. Garfield | Reconstruction
Elections were held the first Tuesday of October. U.S. Representatives took office March 4 and have a two-year term.
James M. Broom | Almanac
A number of ships were named President Garfield, including -
SS President Garfield | Introduction
He assumed office in January 1907 at age 44 and was reelected to a full term in 1910.
Charles Fisk | Introduction
Rosecrans.
James A. Garfield | Buell's command
He died in office on 14 June 1881, aged 59.
James Danell | Introduction
Between his election and his inauguration, Garfield was occupied with assembling a cabinet that would establish peace between Conkling's and Blaine's warring factions. Blaine's delegates had provided much of the support for Garfield's nomination, and the Maine senator received the place of honor: Secretary of State. Blaine was not only the president's closest advisor, he was obsessed with knowing all that took place in the White House, and was even said to have spies posted there in his absence. Garfield nominated William Windom of Minnesota as Secretary of the Treasury, William H. Hunt of Louisiana as Secretary of the Navy, Robert Todd Lincoln as Secretary of War, and Samuel J.
James A. Garfield | Cabinet and inauguration
Arthur, a member of Conkling's political machine, was chosen as the vice presidential nominee.
James A. Garfield | Republican nomination
He resigned the office of president in 1845 due to ill health, and died in October that year.
Michael Montague (priest) | Introduction
He was reluctant to be seen acting as president while Garfield lived, and in the months after the shooting, with Garfield near death and Arthur still in New York, there was a void of authority in the executive office. Many worried about the prospect of an Arthur presidency; the "New York Times", which had supported Arthur earlier in his career, wrote "Arthur is about the last man who would be considered eligible for the position." Garfield died on September 19, and Judge John R. Brady of the New York Supreme Court administered the oath of office to Arthur in the latter's New York City home at 2:15 a.m.
Presidency of Chester A. Arthur | Accession
The assassination of James A. Garfield happened in Washington, D.C. on July 2, 1881. Garfield was shot by Charles J. Guiteau at 9:30a.m., less than four months into his term as the nation's 20th president. He died eleven weeks later on September 19, 1881; Vice President Chester A. Arthur succeeded him as president. Garfield was scheduled to leave Washington on July 2, 1881 for his summer vacation. On that day, Guiteau lay in wait for the president at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad station, on the southwest corner of present-day Sixth Street and Constitution Avenue NW, Washington, D.C. President Garfield came to the Sixth Street Station on his way to his alma mater, Williams College, where he was scheduled to deliver a speech.
List of presidents of the United States who died in office | 1881: James A. Garfield
Garfield was elected by a narrow popular margin, but a solid Electoral College vote—214 to 155. After the election, Grant gave Garfield his public support, but also pushed him to include Stalwarts in his administration.
Post-presidency of Ulysses S. Grant | Third term attempt
He served on the inaugural committee for Presidents James Buchanan and Abraham Lincoln.
James G. Berret | Introduction
James. His election was declared void on December 22, 1902.
Joseph Brunet | Introduction
Garfield, continuing under Chester A. Arthur, and as United States Minister to the United Kingdom in the Benjamin Harrison administration.
Robert Todd Lincoln | Introduction
The crowd applauded, but the speech, according to Peskin, "however sincerely intended, betrayed its hasty composition by the flatness of its tone and the conventionality of its subject matter". Garfield's appointment of James infuriated Conkling, a factional opponent of the Postmaster General, who demanded a compensatory appointment for his faction, such as the position of Secretary of the Treasury. The resulting squabble occupied much of Garfield's brief presidency. The feud with Conkling reached a climax when the president, at Blaine's instigation, nominated Conkling's enemy, Judge William H. Robertson, to be Collector of the Port of New York. This was one of the prize patronage positions below cabinet level, and was then held by Edwin A.
James A. Garfield | Cabinet and inauguration
The monument was incorporated into the Capitol Grounds on January 2, 1975.
James A. Garfield Monument | Introduction
Inauguration Day—March 4—fell on a Sunday in 1849, and so President-elect Zachary Taylor did not take the presidential oath of office until the next day. Even so, the term of the outgoing president, James K. Polk, ended at noon on March 4. On March 2, outgoing vice president George M. Dallas relinquished his position as President of the Senate. Congress had previously chosen Atchison as President pro tempore. In 1849, according to the Presidential Succession Act of 1792, the Senate president pro tempore immediately followed the vice president in presidential line of succession. As Dallas's term also ended at noon on the 4th, and as neither Taylor nor Vice President-elect Millard Fillmore had been sworn-in to office on that day, it was claimed by some of Atchison's friends and colleagues that on March 4–5, 1849, Atchison was Acting President of the United States.
David Rice Atchison | Purported one-day presidency
Elections are held the first Tuesday after November 1. U.S. Representatives took office March 4 and have a two-year term. The General Assembly chose the U.S. Senators, who also took office March 4, but for a six-year term. In this case he was completing the existing term, the vacancy caused by the resignation of James A. Bayard, Jr.
George R. Riddle | Almanac
Kirkwood of Iowa as Secretary of the Interior. New York was represented by Thomas Lemuel James as Postmaster General. Garfield appointed Pennsylvania's Wayne MacVeagh, an adversary of Blaine's, as Attorney General. Blaine tried to sabotage the appointment by convincing Garfield to name an opponent of MacVeagh, William E. Chandler, as Solicitor General under MacVeagh. Only Chandler's rejection by the Senate forestalled MacVeagh's resignation over the matter. Distracted by cabinet maneuvering, Garfield's inaugural address was not up to his typical oratorical standards. In one high point, Garfield emphasized the civil rights of African-Americans, saying "Freedom can never yield its fullness of blessings so long as the law or its administration places the smallest obstacle in the pathway of any virtuous citizen." After discussing the gold standard, the need for education, and an unexpected denunciation of Mormon polygamy, the speech ended.
James A. Garfield | Cabinet and inauguration
He was defeated for reelection in 1906 to the Sixtieth congress, and was appointed Second Assistant Postmaster General during Theodore Roosevelt’s administration, holding that office from March 29, 1907, until his resignation on September 15, 1908.
James McCleary | Introduction
Elections were held the first Tuesday after November 1. U.S. Representatives took office March 4.
James R. Lofland | Almanac
Garfield, who had been a student at the Institute from 1851–1853 and then returned in 1856 as a teacher. As principal, Garfield expanded the Institute's curriculum. He left the Institute in 1861 and in 1880 was elected the 20th President of the United States.
Hiram College | History
In 1909, he received an honorary LL.D. degree from the University of Pittsburgh. Garfield was a contender for the Ohio Republican gubernatorial nomination in the 1910 election but withdrew from the convention when it endorsed the Taft Administration; the convention went on to nominate future president Warren G. Harding in the third round of balloting. During the 1912 presidential election, he was a key supporter of Roosevelt's bid for a third term. In the 1914 election, he made an unsuccessful bid for Governor of Ohio on the Progressive Party ticket.
James Rudolph Garfield | Political career
President Garfield died on September 19, 1881 and Arthur thus became U.S. President. After giving his inaugural address, he received another letter dated September 25, 1881. She counselled him to let the country mourn and that he should show compassion to help the nation heal. Sand wrote to Arthur: "You are a better & nobler man, [due to] the manner in which you have borne yourself through this long, hard ordeal." (Letter of September 25, 1881). Sand began to urge Arthur to visit her in a letter dated November 8, 1881 and subsequent letters indicated annoyance that he had not acknowledged the invitation.
Julia Sand | Other letters
At the Republican convention to nominate a candidate for the presidency in May 1880 the main candidates Ulysses S. Grant and James Blaine failed to collect a majority of delegates. A compromise candidate was needed. James Garfield received the Republican nomination on the 36th ballot of the convention, while the Democratic Party nominated Winfield Scott Hancock on the second ballot. James Weaver was the candidate for the Greenback Party. Garfield ran the first "front porch campaign", while Hancock declined to campaign at all. Garfield received 4,446,158 (48.3%) votes, Hancock received 4,444,260 votes, and Weaver received 305,997 votes. Garfield won the popular vote by less than two thousand votes.
United States' presidential plurality victories | Election of 1880: James A. Garfield
He was re-appointed by Presidents Garfield and Chester A. Arthur.
Worthy S. Streator | Political life
The statue in the National Statuary Hall Collection is made of marble, and is installed at the United States Capitol's rotunda, in Washington, D.C. The statue was gifted by the U.S. state of Ohio in 1886.
James A. Garfield (Niehaus) | Washington, D.C
He took office at midnight on January 1, 1957.
Terry Schrunk | Introduction
Garfield was born in Hiram, Ohio, the third of seven children born to James Abram and Lucretia Rudolph Garfield. For a year prior to his father's presidency, he studied at St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire. On July 2, 1881, at the age of 15, he and his 17-year-old brother, Harry Augustus Garfield, witnessed the shooting of their father by disgruntled office-seeker Charles J. Guiteau at the Baltimore and Potomac railroad station in Washington. The President and his sons were waiting for a train en route to Williams College in Williamstown, Massachusetts, where young James had been recently accepted, when the shooting took place.
James Rudolph Garfield | Early life
S. President William H. Taft where he served until 1912.
Charles D. Hilles | Introduction
(Prior to ratification of the Twenty-fifth Amendment in 1967, no constitutional provision existed for filling an intra-term vacancy in the vice presidency.)
First inauguration of James Madison | Introduction
From 1896 to 1899, he served in the Ohio State Senate. He was an influential advisor to President Theodore Roosevelt, serving as a Member of the United States Civil Service Commission from 1902 to 1903. From 1903 to 1907, he served as Commissioner of Corporations at the Department of Commerce and Labor, where he conducted investigations of the meat-packing, petroleum, steel, and railroad industries. From 1907 to 1909, he served in Roosevelt's Cabinet as Secretary of the Interior, where he advocated for the conservation of natural resources. He left this post on March 4, 1909, and returned to his law practice in Cleveland.
James Rudolph Garfield | Political career
Vice President Arthur was cautious; he knew that there were a great number of people who thought that he had something to do with the attempted murder of the President, and didn't want anything to do with succession until it was actually necessary; in fact, he went into seclusion, largely confining himself to his house in New York City and avoiding public appearances. Thus, for two months and 18 days, the country drifted, leaderless, hanging on every reported detail of Garfield's health without much attention to the business of government. On September 19, 1881, Garfield died and Arthur succeeded to the Presidency.
Inauguration of Chester A. Arthur | Eighty-day crisis
Garfield is acknowledged as a predecessor of such Method actors as Marlon Brando, Montgomery Clift, and James Dean.
John Garfield | Introduction
Elections were held the first Tuesday of October. Members of the State House took office on the first Tuesday of January for a term of one year. The General Assembly chose the U.S. Senators, who took office March 4 for a six-year term. In this case he was initially completing the existing term, the vacancy caused by the death of Samuel White.
Outerbridge Horsey | Almanac
Prior to Henry, each president paid the wages of his private secretaries out of his own pocket. Some of Henry's duties included drawing the President's salary and paying all of the bills. His post was in the office of the southeast corner room, second floor. He served there between the years 1857 to 1859.
James Buchanan Henry | Introduction
He was elected to two more terms in that seat before not seeking reelection in 1858.
James Lindsay Seward | Introduction
He served in this position between 30 April 1924 and 12 January 1925 when his term ended.
James J. Nejdl | Political career
Incumbent one-term Republican President Rutherford B. Hayes declined to seek re-election. Garfield emerged as the dark horse Republican nominee following the 1880 Republican National Convention, prevailing on the 36th ballot over former President Ulysses S. Grant, Maine Senator James G. Blaine, and Ohio Senator John Sherman. Hancock took the nomination at the 1880 Democratic National Convention on the second ballot, defeating Delaware Senator Thomas F. Bayard and several other candidates. Garfield was the first sitting member of Congress to be elected president, and remains the only sitting member of the House to win a presidential election. Republicans picked up several seats in the House, taking a majority of the chamber for the first time since the 1874 elections.
1880 United States elections | Introduction
The need to go from town to town to find work as a teacher disgusted Garfield, and he thereafter developed a dislike of what he called "place-seeking", which became, he said, "the law of my life". In later years, he astounded his friends by letting positions pass that could have been his with a little politicking. Garfield had attended church more to please his mother than to worship God, but in his late teens underwent a religious awakening, and attended many camp meetings, at one of which he was born again on March 4, 1850, baptized into Christ by being submerged in the icy waters of the Chagrin River.
James A. Garfield | Education, marriage and early career
Hall was appointed on December 9, 1891, following the resignation of Harry White. On March 18, 1892, James T. Ronald was elected as his replacement.
George W. Hall | Biography
James A. Garfield refers to two different sculptures depicting the American president of the same name by Charles Henry Niehaus. One is installed in Cincinnati, Ohio, and the other is installed at the United States Capitol's rotunda, in Washington, D.C., as part of the National Statuary Hall Collection.
James A. Garfield (Niehaus) | Introduction
Chester Alan Arthur moved to New York City in 1848, where he engaged in the practice of law, and in Republican Party politics. He rose in the city's Republican machine to become Collector of the Port of New York, a major patronage post. He was chosen to be James Garfield's running mate in the 1880 election, and became president after Garfield died on September 19, 1881, from wounds incurred in an assassination attempt a few months earlier. Arthur took the oath of office in this house, and retired to it after his term ended in 1885. He died here the following year.
Chester A. Arthur Home | Description and history
Garfield was accompanied by two of his sons, James and Harry, and Secretary of State James G. Blaine. Secretary of War Robert Todd Lincoln waited at the station to see the president off. Garfield had no bodyguard or security detail; with the exception of Abraham Lincoln during the Civil War, early U.S. presidents never used any guards. As President Garfield entered the waiting room of the station, Guiteau stepped forward and pulled the trigger from behind at point-blank range. "My God, what is that?" Garfield cried out, flinging up his arms. Guiteau fired again and Garfield collapsed. One bullet grazed Garfield's shoulder; the other hit him in the back, passing the first lumbar vertebra but missing the spinal cord before coming to rest behind his pancreas.
List of presidents of the United States who died in office | 1881: James A. Garfield
J. Wilkes Booth."
Presidency of Andrew Johnson | Accession
Guiteau was overpowered and arrested immediately, while Garfield lingered for two-and-a-half months before he died on September 19, 1881. Guiteau was convicted of killing Garfield and hanged on June 30, 1882. Garfield's death was not just a personal tragedy for Blaine; it also meant the end of his dominance of the cabinet, and the end of his foreign policy initiatives. With Arthur's ascent to the presidency, the Stalwart faction now held sway, and Blaine's days at the State Department were numbered. While Arthur asked all of the cabinet members to postpone their resignations until Congress recessed that December, Blaine nonetheless tendered his resignation on October 19, 1881, but he agreed to remain in office until December 19, when his successor would be in place.
James G. Blaine | Garfield's assassination
A post office was established at Garfield in 1880, and remained in operation until 1907. The community was named after James A. Garfield (1831–1881), 20th President of the United States.
Garfield, Indiana | History
He was sworn into office on February 6, 2019.
Adam Holmes | Introduction
Chester Alan Arthur (October 5, 1829 – November 18, 1886) served as the 21st president of the United States from 1881 to 1885. A Republican, Arthur worked as a lawyer before becoming the 20th vice president, under James Garfield. On July 2, 1881, President Garfield was shot and killed by Charles J. Guiteau, but Garfield did not die until September 19 of that year, at which time Arthur was sworn in as president, serving until March 4, 1885.
Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps | Chester A. Arthur
After leaving Geauga, Garfield worked for a year at various jobs, including teaching. Finding that some New Englanders worked their way through college, Garfield determined to do the same, and sought a school that could prepare him for the entrance examinations. From 1851 to 1854, he attended the Western Reserve Eclectic Institute (later named Hiram College) in Hiram, Ohio, a school run by the Disciples. While there, he was most interested in the study of Greek and Latin, but was inclined to learn about and discuss any new thing he encountered. Securing a position on entry as janitor, he was hired to teach while still a student.
James A. Garfield | Education, marriage and early career
He was an unsuccessful candidate for renomination in 1948.
James P. Scoblick | Introduction
James Madison (1751–1836), 4th President of the United States. James Madison may also refer to:
James Madison (disambiguation) | Introduction
He died in office in 1905.
Thomas George Johnston | Introduction
After shooting Garfield, he proclaimed "I am a Stalwart and Arthur will be President." Garfield died on September 19, more than two and a half months after the shooting. After a lengthy trial, Guiteau was sentenced to death, and he was hanged on June 30, 1882.
1880 Republican National Convention | Aftermath
James A. Garfield, the 20th President of United States, was fatally shot at the Baltimore and Potomac Railroad Station in Washington, D.C., at 9:30 am on July 2, 1881. He died in Elberon, New Jersey, 79 days later on September 19, 1881. The shooting occurred less than four months into his term as president. His assassin was Charles J. Guiteau, whose motive was revenge against Garfield for an imagined political debt. Guiteau was convicted of Garfield's murder and executed by hanging one year after the shooting.
Assassination of James A. Garfield | Introduction
As Garfield entered office in March 1881, the Republican party schism that had been patched up for the election tore apart once more. Garfield appointed Blaine to the cabinet, and Conkling's Stalwart faction became irked at their lack of control over patronage, even in Conkling's home state of New York. Garfield appointed William H. Robertson, a civil service reform supporter, to the most lucrative government post in New York, and refused to withdraw the nomination despite Conkling's protests; in response, Conkling and his allies brought all legislative action in the closely divided Senate to a halt. In May, Conkling and fellow New York Senator Thomas C.
1880 United States presidential election | Aftermath
Jim Davis named Garfield after his grandfather, James Garfield Davis.
Garfield (character) | Name
The following is a list of fictional United States presidents, I through J.
List of fictional presidents of the United States (I–J) | Introduction
Garfield served as President of Williams College until his retirement in 1934.
Harry Augustus Garfield | Williams College