Pixar Animation Studios, commonly known as Pixar (), is an American computer animation studio based in Emeryville, California, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios owned by The Walt Disney Company. Pixar began in 1979 as part of the Lucasfilm computer division, known as the Graphics Group, before its spin-off as a corporation on February 3, 1986, with funding from Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, who became its majority shareholder. Disney purchased Pixar in 2006 at a valuation of $7.4 billion by converting each share of Pixar stock to 2.3 shares of Disney stock, a transaction that resulted in Jobs becoming Disney's largest single shareholder at the time.
Introduction
Pixar
Pixar | Introduction
No, it is an American computer animation studio It  is an American computer animation studio. It is an American computer animation studio. Yes, Pixar Animation Studios, commonly known as Pixar.
google what is the capital of new york
user
Albany
assistant
is it a place of immigrants?
user
Yes, it has Dutch, Germans, English,  Italians and Poles, to name a few.
assistant
can you name some of its historical sites?
user
The Ten Broeck Mansion, USS "Slater" (DE-766) museum ship.
assistant
is it a technologically advanced city?
user
Yes, Tech Valley is a marketing name for the eastern part - a high-tech competitor to regions such as Silicon Valley and Boston.
assistant
the latter valley you mentioned; from where did its name originate?
user
The word "silicon" in the name originally referred to the large number of innovators and manufacturers in the region specializing in silicon-based MOS transistors and integrated circuit chips.
assistant
is there any computer club located here?
user
Yes, the Homebrew Computer Club
assistant
what kind of club is this?
user
An early computer hobbyist group - played an influential role in the development of the microcomputer revolution and the rise of that aspect of the Silicon Valley information technology industrial complex.
assistant
when was it started?
user
March 1975
assistant
who are its members?
user
Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak, George Morrow, John Draper
assistant
to which family does the first person belongs?
user
He was born to Abdulfattah Jandali and Joanne Schieble, and was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs (née Hagopian).
assistant
is he related to any company that manufactures computers?
user
Yes, Apple Inc.
assistant
how is he connected to disney?
user
He was a member of The Walt Disney Company's board of directors following its acquisition of Pixar.
assistant
is this last mentioned thing another company?
user
More importantly, as part of any distribution agreement with Disney, Pixar demanded control over films already in production under their old agreement, including "The Incredibles" (2004) and "Cars" (2006). Disney considered these conditions unacceptable, but Pixar would not concede. Disagreements between Steve Jobs and then-Disney chairman and CEO Michael Eisner made the negotiations more difficult than they otherwise might have been. They broke down completely in mid-2004, with Disney forming Circle 7 Animation and Jobs declaring that Pixar was actively seeking partners other than Disney. Despite this announcement and several talks with Warner Bros., Sony Pictures, and 20th Century Fox, Pixar did not enter negotiations with other distributors, although a Warner Bros.
Pixar | Collaboration with Disney
More importantly, as part of any distribution agreement with Disney, Pixar demanded control over films already in production under their old agreement, including "The Incredibles" and "Cars". Disney considered these conditions unacceptable, but Pixar would not concede. Disagreements between Steve Jobs and then-Disney Chairman and CEO Michael Eisner made the negotiations more difficult than they otherwise might have been. They broke down completely in mid-2004, with Jobs declaring that Pixar was actively seeking partners other than Disney. Pixar did not enter negotiations with other distributors. After a lengthy hiatus, negotiations between the two companies resumed following the departure of Eisner from Disney in September 2005.
Criticism of The Walt Disney Company | Pixar's relationship with Disney
After the deal closed in January 2006, Lasseter revealed that Iger had realized Disney needed to buy Pixar while watching a parade at the opening of Hong Kong Disneyland in September 2005. Iger noticed that of all the Disney characters in the parade, not one was a character that Disney had created within the last ten years since all the newer ones had been created by Pixar. Upon returning to Burbank, Iger commissioned a financial analysis that confirmed that Disney had actually lost money on animation for the past decade, then presented that information to the board of directors at his first board meeting after being promoted from COO to CEO, and the board, in turn, authorized him to explore the possibility of a deal with Pixar.
Pixar | Disney subsidiary
As part of the deal, John Lasseter, by then Executive Vice President, became Chief Creative Officer (reporting directly to President and CEO Robert Iger and consulting with Disney Director Roy E. Disney) of both Pixar and Walt Disney Animation Studios (including its division DisneyToon Studios), as well as the Principal Creative Adviser at Walt Disney Imagineering, which designs and builds the company's theme parks. Catmull retained his position as President of Pixar, while also becoming President of Walt Disney Animation Studios, reporting to Iger and Dick Cook, chairman of the Walt Disney Studios. Jobs's position as Pixar's chairman and chief executive officer was abolished, and instead, he took a place on the Disney board of directors.
Pixar | Disney subsidiary
Pixar Animation Studios, commonly known as Pixar (), is an American computer animation studio based in Emeryville, California, a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Studios owned by The Walt Disney Company. Pixar began in 1979 as part of the Lucasfilm computer division, known as the Graphics Group, before its spin-off as a corporation on February 3, 1986, with funding from Apple co-founder Steve Jobs, who became its majority shareholder. Disney purchased Pixar in 2006 at a valuation of $7.4 billion by converting each share of Pixar stock to 2.3 shares of Disney stock, a transaction that resulted in Jobs becoming Disney's largest single shareholder at the time.
Pixar | Introduction
In 1985, while still at Lucasfilm, they had made a deal with the Japanese publisher Shogakukan to make a computer-animated movie called "Monkey", based on the Monkey King. The project continued sometime after they became a separate company in 1986, but in the end, it became clear that the technology was simply not there yet. The computers were not powerful enough and the budget would be too high. So it was decided to focus on the computer hardware business some more years while waiting until Moore's law made a computer-animated feature possible. At the time Walt Disney Studios was interested and eventually bought and used the Pixar Image Computer and custom software written by Pixar as part of their Computer Animation Production System (CAPS) project, to migrate the laborious ink and paint part of the 2D animation process to a more automated method.
Pixar | Independent company
During one of those attempts, Michael Eisner, then-chairman and chief executive officer of The Walt Disney Company, offered his support to the project and suggested doing it with Oscar-winning director John Lasseter at Pixar after the then-expected renewal of Pixar's contract with Disney. But negotiations between Pixar and Disney collapsed in January 2004 and that contract was never renewed. Instead, Eisner's successor Bob Iger negotiated Disney's purchase of Pixar in January 2006 for $7.4 billion, and Lasseter was promoted to chief creative officer of both Pixar and Disney Animation. The next attempt started in 2008, when Lasseter was able to convince Chris Buck (who co-directed the 1999 film "Tarzan" for the studio) to return to Walt Disney Animation Studios from Sony Pictures Animation (where he had recently co-directed the Oscar-nominated 2007 film "Surf's Up"); that September, Buck pitched several ideas to Lasseter, one of which was "The Snow Queen".
Frozen (2013 film) | Later efforts
Pixar () is an American computer animation film studio based in Emeryville, California. The studio is best known for its CGI-animated feature films created with PhotoRealistic RenderMan, its own implementation of the industry-standard RenderMan image-rendering application programming interface used to generate high-quality images. Pixar began in 1979 as the Graphics Group, part of the computer division of Lucasfilm before its spin-out as a corporation in 1986 with funding by Apple Inc. co-founder Steve Jobs, who became its majority shareholder. Pixar and Disney had a seven feature agreement that allowed Disney to distribute the films with Disney owing the character rights.
List of animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company | Pixar
"Finding Nemo", "The Incredibles", "Ratatouille", "WALL-E", "Up" and "Toy Story 3" each received the Academy Award for Best Animated Feature, an award introduced in 2001. In 2003 and 2004, as Pixar's contract with Disney was running out, Jobs and Disney chief executive Michael Eisner tried but failed to negotiate a new partnership, and in January 2004, Jobs announced that he would never deal with Disney again. Pixar would seek a new partner to distribute its films after its contract expired.
Steve Jobs | Pixar and Disney
Lasseter turned the studio's offer for a directorial position down, remarking to Pixar co-founder Ed Catmull, "I can go to Disney and be a director, or I can stay here and make history." Jeffrey Katzenberg, the then-head of Walt Disney Studios, had a reputation for being difficult and controlling. In contrast, Lasseter received complete creative freedom at Pixar's small animation division and was highly respected by his colleagues. In addition to capturing Disney's interest, Pixar owner Steve Jobs' interest in the animation group was invigorated, and he approved production of another short.
Knick Knack | Background
Walt Disney Feature Animation, whose parent company later purchased Pixar in 2006, used dozens of the Pixar Image Computers for their Computer Animation Production System (CAPS) and was using them in production up through "Pocahontas" in 1995.
Pixar Image Computer | Usage
On October 1, 2005, Bob Iger replaced Eisner as Disney's CEO. On November 4, Walt Disney Feature Animation released "Chicken Little", the company's first film using 3D animation. On January 23, 2006, it was announced that Disney would purchase Pixar in an all-stock transaction valued at $7.4 billion. The deal was finalized on May 5; Steve Jobs, who was Pixar's CEO and held a 50.1% ownership stake in the company, transitioned to Disney's board of directors as its largest individual shareholder, with a 7 percent stake. Ed Catmull took over as President of Pixar Animation Studios. Former executive vice-president of Pixar, John Lasseter, became chief creative officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios, its division Disneytoon Studios, and Pixar Animation Studios, as well as assuming the role of principal creative advisor at Walt Disney Imagineering.
The Walt Disney Company | 2005–2020: Bob Iger's leadership and company expansion
Disney announced that it would be purchasing Pixar in January 2006, and Lasseter was named the chief creative officer of both Pixar and Walt Disney Feature Animation, the latter of which he renamed Walt Disney Animation Studios. Lasseter was also named principal creative adviser at Walt Disney Imagineering, where he helped design attractions for Disney Parks. He oversaw all of Walt Disney Animation Studios' films and associated projects as executive producer. He reported directly to Disney Chairman and CEO Bob Iger, bypassing Disney's studio and theme park executives. He also received green-light power on films with Roy E. Disney's consent.
John Lasseter | Return to Disney
Some of those conditions were that Pixar HR policies would remain intact, including the lack of employment contracts. Also, the Pixar name was guaranteed to continue, and the studio would remain in its current Emeryville, California, location with the "Pixar" sign. Finally, branding of films made post-merger would be "Disney•Pixar" (beginning with "Cars").
Pixar | Disney subsidiary
The following is an alphabetic list of Disney/Pixar characters, in feature films, shorts and specials originally conceived by Pixar Animation Studios, which has been a subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company since 2006. Franchises
List of Pixar characters | Introduction
During the later years of Michael Eisner's management, friction between Disney and Pixar grew to a point that Pixar considered finding another partner when they could not reach an agreement over profit sharing. When Eisner stepped down in 2005, his replacement, Robert Iger, arranged for Disney to buy Pixar in a $7.4 billion all-stock deal ($ in today's dollars) that turned Steve Jobs into Disney's largest individual shareholder. The deal was structured so that Disney Animation and Pixar Animation would continue to operate as completely separate studios under the Disney corporate umbrella; Lasseter was placed in charge of greenlighting all-new animated films for both studios in his new role as Chief Creative Officer.
Modern animation in the United States | <a href="Pixar">Pixar</a>
Circle 7 Animation, or Disney Circle 7 Animation, was a short-lived division of Walt Disney Feature Animation specializing in computer generated imagery (CGI) animation and was originally going to work on making sequels to the Disney-owned Pixar properties, leading rivals and animators to derisively nickname the division "Pixaren't". The company released no movies during its tenure. Steve Jobs, Pixar CEO, announced in January 2004 that Pixar would not renew their agreement with Disney and would seek out other distributors for releases starting in 2006. In 2004, Disney Circle 7 Animation was formed as a CG animation studio to create sequels to the Disney-owned Pixar properties.
List of animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company | Disney Circle 7 Animation
Lasseter and Catmull were wary when the topic of Disney buying Pixar first came up, but Jobs asked them to give Iger a chance (based on his own experience negotiating with Iger in summer 2005 for the rights to ABC shows for the fifth-generation iPod Classic), and in turn, Iger convinced them of the sincerity of his epiphany that Disney really needed to re-focus on animation. Lasseter and Catmull's oversight of both the Disney Feature Animation and Pixar studios did not mean that the two studios were merging, however. In fact, additional conditions were laid out as part of the deal to ensure that Pixar remained a separate entity, a concern that analysts had expressed about the Disney deal.
Pixar | Disney subsidiary
To turn things around Disney acquired Pixar in 2006, and put creative control over both Pixar and Walt Disney Animation Studios in the hands of Pixar's John Lasseter as part of the deal. The studios would remain separate legal entities. Under Lasseter, the Disney studio developed both traditionally styled and 3D-styled animation projects. The theatrical short "How to Hook Up Your Home Theater" (2007) tested whether new paperless animation processes could be used for a look similar to cartoons of the 1940s and 1950s, with Goofy returning to his "Everyman" role in his first solo appearance in 42 years.
History of animation | Disney-Pixar
Profits and production costs were split 50-50, but Disney exclusively owned all story and sequel rights and also collected a distribution fee. The lack of story and sequel rights was perhaps the most onerous aspect to Pixar and set the stage for a contentious relationship. The two companies attempted to reach a new agreement in early 2004. The new deal would be only for distribution, as Pixar intended to control production and own the resulting film properties themselves. The company also wanted to finance their films on their own and collect 100 percent of the profits, paying Disney only the 10 to 15 percent distribution fee.
Criticism of The Walt Disney Company | Pixar's relationship with Disney
In January 2006, Disney ultimately agreed to buy Pixar for approximately $7.4 billion in an all-stock deal. Following Pixar shareholder approval, the acquisition was completed January 25, 2006. The transaction catapulted Jobs, who owned 49.65% of total share interest in Pixar, to Disney's largest individual shareholder with 7%, valued at $3.9 billion, and a new seat on its board of directors. Jobs's new Disney holdings exceeded holdings belonging to ex-CEO Michael Eisner, the previous top shareholder, who still held 1.7%; and Disney Director Emeritus Roy E. Disney, who held almost 1% of the corporation's shares. Pixar shareholders received 2.3 shares of Disney common stock for each share of Pixar common stock redeemed.
Pixar | Disney subsidiary
Horn established a successful working relationship with Pixar, Marvel Studios, Lucasfilm, and 20th Century Studios which operated with great autonomy under Disney's overall ownership, while also overseeing strong box office releases from Walt Disney Pictures and Walt Disney Animation Studios.
Alan F. Horn | Career
With the success of "Toy Story 2" in 1999, then-Disney CEO Michael Eisner and Pixar CEO Steve Jobs began to disagree on how Pixar should be run and the terms of their continued relationship. Eisner claimed that Toy Story 2 would not count towards the "original" film count of the agreement. Jobs announced in January 2004 that Pixar would not renew their agreement with Disney and would seek out other distributors for releases starting in 2006. In 2004, Disney Circle 7 Animation was formed as a CG animation studio to create sequels to the Disney-owned Pixar properties. In late January 2006, new Disney CEO Bob Iger and Jobs agreed to have Disney purchase Pixar which led to Disney closing Circle 7.
List of animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company | Pixar
The most popular and successful competitor in the CGI race turned out to be Pixar. It originated in 1979 when George Lucas' Lucasfilm was able to recruit Edwin Catmull from the New York Institute of Technology to start the Graphics Group of its special-effects division. In late 1983, Catmull was able to bring in as a freelance independent contractor a Disney animator, John Lasseter, not long after Lasseter (then unbeknownst to Catmull) had been fired by the Walt Disney Company for his vigorous advocacy of computer animation; Lasseter was hired as a full-time employee about a year later. Lucas experienced cash flow issues after his 1983 divorce, and in 1986 Pixar was spun off from Lucasfilm as a separate corporation with $10 million in capital from Apple Computer co-founder Steve Jobs.
Modern animation in the United States | <a href="Pixar">Pixar</a>
The studio's team of top creatives who work together closely on the development of its films is known as the Disney Story Trust; it is somewhat similar to the Pixar Braintrust, but its meetings are reportedly "more polite" than those of its Pixar counterpart.
Walt Disney Animation Studios | 2006–2009: Rebound, Disney's acquisition of Pixar, renaming
In 1986, Steve Jobs bought Lucasfilm's digital division and founded Pixar, where Catmull would work. Pixar would be acquired by Disney in 2006. In June 2007, Catmull and long-time Pixar digital animator and director John Lasseter were given control of Disneytoon Studios, a division of Disney Animation housed in a separate facility in Glendale. As president and chief creative officer, respectively, they have supervised three separate studios for Disney, each with its own production pipeline: Pixar, Disney Animation, and Disneytoon. While Disney Animation and Disneytoon are located in the Los Angeles area, Pixar is located over 350 miles (563 kilometers) northwest in the San Francisco Bay Area, where Catmull and Lasseter both live.
Edwin Catmull | Pixar
The lack of story, character and sequel rights was perhaps the most onerous aspect to Pixar and set the stage for a contentious relationship. The two companies attempted to reach a new agreement for ten months before it fell through in January 2004. The new deal would be only for distribution, as Pixar intended to control production and own the resulting story, character and sequel rights themselves while Disney would own the right of first refusal to distribute any sequels. Pixar also wanted to finance their films on their own and collect 100 percent of the profits, paying Disney only the 10- to 15-percent distribution fee.
Pixar | Collaboration with Disney
Pixar or Pixar Animation Studios, is an American computer animation studio currently owned by Disney. Pixar may also refer to:
Pixar (disambiguation) | Introduction
2011 is another revised edition that further explains the expansion and development of the Walt Disney company. Bringing in more information on the company’s connection with Pixar films. This revision goes into greater detail with the process of ideas, illustrations, concept art, theme park additions, films, and animations.
The Art of Walt Disney | 2011
In preparation for potential fallout between Pixar and Disney, Jobs announced in late 2004 that Pixar would no longer release movies at the Disney-dictated November time frame, but during the more lucrative early summer months. This would also allow Pixar to release DVDs during the Christmas shopping season. An added benefit of delaying "Cars" was to extend the time frame remaining on the Pixar-Disney contract to see how things would play out between the two companies.
Criticism of The Walt Disney Company | Pixar's relationship with Disney
In 1986, Jobs funded the spinout of The Graphics Group (later renamed Pixar) from Lucasfilm's computer graphics division for the price of $10 million, $5 million of which was given to the company as capital and $5 million of which was paid to Lucasfilm for technology rights. The first film produced by Pixar with its Disney partnership, "Toy Story" (1995), with Jobs credited as executive producer, brought fame and critical acclaim to the studio when it was released. Over the next 15 years, under Pixar's creative chief John Lasseter, the company produced box-office hits "A Bug's Life" (1998); "Toy Story 2" (1999); "Monsters, Inc." (2001); "Finding Nemo" (2003); "The Incredibles" (2004); "Cars" (2006); "Ratatouille" (2007); "WALL-E" (2008); "Up" (2009); and "Toy Story 3" (2010).
Steve Jobs | Pixar and Disney
In January 2006, he was replaced by Pixar co-founder Edwin Catmull, when Disney acquired Pixar. It also made Catmull and Pixar's chief creative officer, John Lasseter, heads of both studios.
David Stainton | Career
spokesperson told CNN, "We would love to be in business with Pixar. They are a great company." After a lengthy hiatus, negotiations between the two companies resumed following the departure of Eisner from Disney in September 2005. In preparation for potential fallout between Pixar and Disney, Jobs announced in late 2004 that Pixar would no longer release movies at the Disney-dictated November time frame, but during the more lucrative early summer months. This would also allow Pixar to release DVDs for their major releases during the Christmas shopping season. An added benefit of delaying "Cars" from November 4, 2005, to June 9, 2006, was to extend the time frame remaining on the Pixar-Disney contract, to see how things would play out between the two companies.
Pixar | Collaboration with Disney
"Ralph Breaks the Internet", produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios and co-executive produced by Lasseter, features Kelly Macdonald reprising her role as Merida from "Brave", as well as a cameo from Tim Allen reprising his role as Buzz Lightyear from the "Toy Story" franchise, and a sample of Patrick Doyle's score from "Brave". The film, released on November 21, 2018, also features many visual references to Pixar and its films. Additionally, Andrew Stanton received a "Narrative Guru" credit.
List of Pixar films | Related productions
Disney had always made all their movies in-house and refused to change this. But when Tim Burton, who used to work at Disney, wanted to buy back the rights to "The Nightmare Before Christmas", Disney struck a deal allowing him to make it as a Disney movie outside the studio. This opened the door for Pixar to make their movies outside Disney. Both sides were willing. Catmull and fellow Pixar co-founder Alvy Ray Smith had long wanted to produce a computer-animated feature, but only by the early 1990s were the computers cheap and powerful enough to make this possible. In addition, Disney had licensed Pixar's Computer Animation Production System (CAPS), and that made it the largest customer for Pixar's computers.
Toy Story | Development
Iger later said "I didn’t yet have a complete sense of just how broken Disney Animation was". He described its history since the early 1990s as "dotted by a slew of expensive failures" like "Hercules" and "Chicken Little"; the "modest successes" like "Mulan" and "Lilo & Stitch" were still critically and commercially unsuccessful compared to the films of the Disney Renaissance. After Iger became CEO, Jobs resumed negotiations for Pixar with Disney. On January 24, 2006, Disney announced that it would acquire Pixar for $7.4 billion in an all-stock deal, with the deal closing that May, and the Circle 7 studio launched to produce "Toy Story 3" was shut down, with most of its employees returning to Feature Animation and "Toy Story 3" returning to Pixar's control.
Walt Disney Animation Studios | 2006–2009: Rebound, Disney's acquisition of Pixar, renaming
By then, Jobs had become the owner of Pixar by keeping it alive with additional investments over the years; he had often considered selling it but changed his mind after "Toy Story". Pixar's string of critical and box-office successes continued with "Monsters, Inc.", "Finding Nemo", "The Incredibles", "Cars", "Ratatouille", "WALL-E", "Up" and "Toy Story 3" all receiving rave reviews, earning huge profits, winning awards, and overshadowing Disney's in-house offerings until "Cars 2" in 2011 ended the streak when it proved a critical disappointment, albeit still a commercial success. Disney produced a CGI/live-action feature film of its own without Pixar ("Dinosaur"), but the film received a mixed reaction, even though it was a financial success.
Modern animation in the United States | <a href="Pixar">Pixar</a>
To avoid overt product placement in Pixar films, a series of fictional companies are used as placeholders. Some appear only in one franchise (such as fictional NASCAR sponsors in "Cars") but others serve as recurring themes.
List of Pixar film references | Companies
In late January 2006, new Disney CEO Bob Iger and Jobs agreed to have Disney purchase Pixar which led to Disney closing Circle 7.
List of animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company | Disney Circle 7 Animation
He first met owner Steve Jobs when Jobs came to lay off some older workers. Docter instantly felt at home in the tight-knit atmosphere of the company. He has said, "Growing up ... a lot of us felt we were the only person in the world who had this weird obsession with animation. Coming to Pixar you feel like, 'Oh! There are others!'" Docter had been brought in with limited responsibilities, but John Lasseter quickly assigned him larger and larger roles in writing, animation, sound recording, and orchestra scoring. He was one of the three key screenwriters behind the concept of "Toy Story", and partially based the character of Buzz Lightyear on himself.
Pete Docter | Career
Catmull said that he and Lasseter "make sure the studios are quite distinct from each other. We don’t want them to merge; that would definitely be the wrong approach. Each should have its own personality." Catmull and Lasseter also brought to Feature Animation the Pixar model of a "filmmaker-driven studio" as opposed to an "executive-driven studio"; they abolished Disney's prior system of requiring directors to respond to "mandatory" notes from development executives ranking above the producers in favor of a system roughly analogous to peer review, in which non-mandatory notes come primarily from fellow producers, directors, and writers. Most of the layers of "gatekeepers" (midlevel executives) were stripped away, and Lasseter established a routine of personally meeting weekly with filmmakers on all projects in the last year of production and delivering feedback on the spot.
Walt Disney Animation Studios | 2006–2009: Rebound, Disney's acquisition of Pixar, renaming
Pixar and Disney originally had a seven film distribution agreement that gave Disney full ownership of Pixar’s feature films and characters, as well as sequel rights. With the success of "Toy Story 2", in the end of 1999, then Disney CEO, Michael Eisner, and then owner of Pixar, Steve Jobs, began to disagree on how Pixar should be run, and the terms of any continued relationship. Eisner claimed that "Toy Story 2", as it was a sequel, did "not" count towards the “original” film count, of the agreement, though Jobs disagreed. Jobs announced in January 2004 — after ten months of negotiations — that Pixar would "not" renew their agreement with Disney, and would seek out other distributors for releases, starting in 2006.
Circle 7 Animation | Background
In 2003, noting the growing success of studios that relied on computer animation, executive Bob Lambert announced Walt Disney Feature Animation would be converted into a CGI studio. Two years later, "Chicken Little", the first computer-animated film from the studio, was released to moderate success in the box office and mixed critical reception. On January 24, 2006, Disney announced that it would be acquiring Pixar (the deal successfully closed that May), and as part of the acquisition, executives Edwin Catmull and John Lasseter assumed control of Walt Disney Feature Animation as President and Chief Creative Officer, respectively. Lasseter later acknowledged that there had been discussions back in 2006 about closing Feature Animation as redundant since Disney now owned Pixar, which he and Catmull flatly rejected ("Not on our watch.
Modern animation in the United States | <a href="Walt%20Disney%20Animation%20Studios">Walt Disney Animation Studios</a>
Pixar and Disney had disagreements after the production of "Toy Story 2". Originally intended as a straight-to-video release (and thus not part of Pixar's five-picture deal), the film was eventually upgraded to a theatrical release during production. Pixar demanded that the film then be counted toward the five-picture agreement, but Disney refused. Pixar's first five feature films had collectively grossed more than $2.5 billion, equivalent to the highest per-film average gross in the industry. Though profitable for both, Pixar later complained that the arrangement was not equitable. Pixar was responsible for creation and production, while Disney handled marketing and distribution.
Criticism of The Walt Disney Company | Pixar's relationship with Disney
Jobs, wanted Pixar, to receive most of the profits that their films made (giving Disney the standard distribution fee, of 10%) as well as full ownership of any future films and characters, that the studio would create after "Cars" (2006).
Circle 7 Animation | Background
These Pixar films contain the following references to Apple Inc..
List of Pixar film references | Apple
Still devastated at being forced out of the only company he had ever wanted to work for, Lasseter could not find the strength to tell Catmull that he had been fired. Catmull later telephoned Smith that day and mentioned that Lasseter was not working at Disney. Smith told Catmull to put down the phone and hire Lasseter right now. Lasseter agreed instantly to work freelance with Catmull and his colleagues and joined them for a week of December 1983 on a project that resulted in their first computer animated short: "The Adventures of André & Wally B." Because Catmull was not allowed to hire animators, he was given the title "Interface Designer"; "Nobody knew what that was but they didn't question it in budget meetings".
John Lasseter | Lucasfilm/Pixar
John Alan Lasseter (; born January 12, 1957) is an American animator, film director, screenwriter, producer, voice actor and former chief creative officer of Walt Disney Animation Studios, Pixar and Disneytoon Studios. He was also the Principal Creative Advisor for Walt Disney Imagineering. Lasseter began his career as an animator with The Walt Disney Company. After being fired from Disney for promoting computer animation, he joined Lucasfilm, where he worked on the then-groundbreaking use of CGI animation. The Graphics Group of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm was sold to Steve Jobs and became Pixar in 1986. Lasseter oversaw all of Pixar's films and associated projects as executive producer.
John Lasseter | Introduction
In November 2014, the general managers of Disney Animation and Pixar were both promoted to president, but both continued to report to Catmull, who retained the title of president of Walt Disney and Pixar. On October 23, 2018, Catmull announced his plans to retire from Pixar and Disney Animation, staying on as an adviser through July 2019.
Edwin Catmull | Pixar
This scene featured an Etch A Sketch being used to present sketches related to the investigation of Woody's kidnapping. At 45 seconds, the scene in question was much longer than the scene in the original movie. The exposure from the highly successful Pixar movie resulted in sales of the toy increasing by 20 percent and ensured the survival of the company.
Ohio Art Company | History
While putting together a crew for the planned feature, Lasseter had made some contacts in the computer industry, among them Alvy Ray Smith and Ed Catmull at Lucasfilm Computer Graphics Group. After being fired, and feeling glum knowing his employment with Disney was to end shortly, Lasseter visited a computer graphics conference in November 1983 at the "Queen Mary" in Long Beach, where he met and talked to Catmull again. Catmull inquired about "The Brave Little Toaster", which Lasseter explained had been shelved. From his experience at Lucasfilm, Catmull assumed Lasseter was simply between projects since Hollywood studios have traditionally laid off employees when they lack enough productions to keep them busy.
John Lasseter | Lucasfilm/Pixar
The newly independent Pixar (1986) was headed by Edwin Catmull as President and Alvy Ray Smith as Executive Vice President. While looking for investors, Steve Jobs showed interest, but initially, Lucas found his offer too low. Yet he eventually accepted after it turned out to be impossible to find other investors. At that point Smith and Catmull had been turned down 45 times; thirty-five venture capitalists and 10 large corporations had declined. Jobs, who had recently been fired from Apple, and was now founder and CEO of the new computer company NeXT. On February 3, 1986, he paid $5 million of his own money to George Lucas for technology rights and invested $5 million cash as capital into the company, joining the board of directors as chairman.
Pixar | Independent company
During his time at Lucasfilm, Guggenheim developed EditDroid, which proved to be a revolutionary film-editing system. After his research lab at Lucasfilm was sold to Steve Jobs and renamed Pixar, Guggenheim continued to work in the world of graphics and animation. Guggenheim, a respected founder of Pixar, eventually became Vice President of Feature Animation and was a lead producer for "Toy Story." Guggenheim left the company in 1997 after Disney forced Pixar to remove him as producer from "Toy Story 2". Since his time at Pixar, Guggenheim has worked as an executive at Electronic Arts. After his time at Electronic Arts, Guggenheim started Alligator Planet LLC with three other partners.
Ralph Guggenheim | Biography
After Colossal Pictures' relationship with Pixar ended in 1992, the company hired Brad deGraff to head a new digital media division, which produced projects such as "The Moxy Show", "RoboCop: The Ride", and two Living Books games. Colossal Pictures closed BIG Pictures in 1994; that October, (C)P employees John Hays, Phil Robinson, and Jeff Fino left the company and launched a new animation studio, WildBrain.
Colossal Pictures | History
Buy-n-Large is a fictional mega-corporation that first appeared in "WALL-E" as the entity which controlled all economic and government services on the future Earth.
List of Pixar film references | Buy-n-Large (BnL)
While the founders were both former employees of Walt Disney Imagineering, their connection with the Disney corporation remains strong, including:
Ride &amp; Show Engineering, Inc. | The Disney connection
Plans for a second "Monsters, Inc." film existed since 2005. Following disagreements between Disney CEO Michael Eisner and Pixar CEO Steve Jobs, Disney—which owned the rights to make sequels to all of Pixar's films up to "Cars—"announced that a sequel to "Monsters, Inc." would be made by Circle 7 Animation (named after the street where its studio was located, and an often-used television station logo in the United States, designed in the early 1960s for the American Broadcasting Company's five owned-and-operated stations (all of which broadcast on VHF channel 7), which was also working on early drafts of "Toy Story 3" & "Finding Nemo 2".
Monsters University | Production
Circle 7 Animation (or Disney Circle 7 Animation) was a short lived division of Walt Disney Feature Animation specializing in computer-generated imagery (CGI) animation, and was originally intended to create sequels, to the Disney owned properties of Pixar, leading rivals, and animators, to derisively nickname the division “Pixaren’t”. The studio did not release any films during its existence, nor were any of its scripts used by Pixar. The division was named after the street where its studio was located. Circle Seven Drive, in Glendale, California, is also home to KABC-TV.
Circle 7 Animation | Introduction
A factor contributing to Lucas' sale was an increase in cash flow difficulties following his 1983 divorce, which coincided with the sudden dropoff in revenues from "Star Wars" licenses following the release of "Return of the Jedi". The newly independent company was headed by Dr. Edwin Catmull as President and Dr. Alvy Ray Smith as Executive Vice President. They were joined on the Board of Directors by Steve Jobs who was Chairman. Pixar's small animation department—consisting of Lasseter, plus the part-time supporting efforts of several graphics scientists—was never meant to generate any revenue as far as Jobs was concerned. Catmull and Smith justified its existence on the basis that more films at SIGGRAPH like "André and Wally B." would promote the company's computers.
Luxo Jr. | Background
When the film screened at the El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California, from May 29 to July 23, 2009, it was accompanied by "Lighten Up!", a live show featuring Disney characters. Other tie-ins included children's books such as "My Name is Dug", illustrated by screenwriter Ronnie del Carmen. Despite Pixar's track record, Target Corporation and Walmart stocked few "Up" items, while Pixar's regular collaborator Thinkway Toys did not produce merchandise, claiming its story is unusual and would be hard to promote. Disney acknowledged not every Pixar film would have to become a franchise. Promotional partners include Aflac, NASCAR, and Airship Ventures, while Cluster Balloons promoted the film with a replica of Carl's couch lifted by hot air balloons for journalists to sit on.
Up (2009 film) | Marketing and release
Originally from Indiana, Stan Kinsey completed his undergrad studies at DePauw University in Greencastle, Indiana and received his MBA at Stanford University. Kinsey was in the same class as Scott McNealy of Sun Microsystems fame. At Disney, young Kinsey was a considered a "golden boy" by top Disney executives Frank Wells and Ron W. Miller. Kinsey had thrived running the Operations and New Technology group, and was Disney's chief technologist under executive Ron Miller. He championed the direction toward films created using computer animation. He saw the potential of computer animation and wanted the company to purchase Pixar, a collaborator and supplier of high-end computer hardware for the secretive Computer Animation Production System (CAPS) project.
Stan Kinsey | Career
In March 2005, Disney Circle 7 Animation was formed, as the studio of CGI Animation, to create sequels to the Disney owned properties of Pixar, and the studio began, to hire staff, shortly after. It was seen as the bargaining chip, by people within both Pixar and Disney, but also as the backup plan by Eisner, in the event that negotiations fell through. The first (and only) projects that the studio worked on were early drafts of "Toy Story 3", "Monsters, Inc. 2: Lost in Scaradise" (which later became "Monsters University") , and "Finding Nemo 2" (which later became "Finding Dory").
Circle 7 Animation | History
BYU animation student Emron Grover, for example, was the digital tailor for Pixar's 'Coco'. Ed Catmull, former president of Pixar Animation Studios and Walt Disney Animation Studios, visited BYU and remarked, "It’s the perception not just of Pixar, but also at the other studios, that something pretty remarkable is happening here."
BYU Center for Animation | Introduction
Edwin Earl "Ed" Catmull (born March 31, 1945) is an American computer scientist who was co-founder of Pixar and president of Walt Disney Animation Studios. He has been honored for his contributions to 3D computer graphics.
Edwin Catmull | Introduction
Eggman Movers is a fictional moving company that has an anthropomorphic egg with a hat as a mascot and appears mostly throughout the "Toy Story" franchise. The company's name is a reference to Pixar production designer Ralph Eggleston.
List of Pixar film references | Eggman Movers
These Pixar films contain the following references to "Monsters, Inc." or "Monsters University":
List of Pixar film references | "Monsters, Inc." franchise
Pixar Animation Studios is an American CGI film production company based in Emeryville, California, United States. Pixar has released 22 feature films, which were all released by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures through the Walt Disney Pictures banner with their first being "Toy Story" (which was also the first feature-length CGI film ever released), in 1995 and their latest being "Onward" in 2020. Their upcoming slate of films includes "Soul" (2020) and "Luca" (2021), two untitled films in 2022, and an untitled film in 2023.
List of Pixar films | Introduction
According to the terms of Pixar's initial seven-film deal with Disney, all characters created by Pixar for their films were owned by Disney. Furthermore, Disney retained the rights to make sequels to any Pixar film, though Pixar retained the right of first refusal to work on these sequels. In 2004, when the contentious negotiations between the two companies made a split appear likely, Michael Eisner, Disney chairman at the time, put plans in motion to produce "Toy Story 3" at a new Disney studio, Circle 7 Animation. Tim Allen, the voice of Buzz Lightyear, indicated a willingness to return, even if Pixar was not on board.
Toy Story 3 | Production
Iger later said that it was "a deal I wanted badly, and [Disney] needed badly". He believed that Disney Animation needed new leadership, and as part of the acquisition, Edwin Catmull and John Lasseter were named president and Chief Creative Officer, respectively, of Feature Animation as well as Pixar. While Disney executives had discussed closing Feature Animation as redundant, Catmull and Lasseter refused and instead resolved to try to turn things around at the studio. Lasseter said "we weren't going to let that [closure] happen on our watch. We were determined to save the legacy of Walt Disney's amazing studio and bring it back up to the creative level it had to be.
Walt Disney Animation Studios | 2006–2009: Rebound, Disney's acquisition of Pixar, renaming
They took inspiration from "The Incredibles" when animating the characters. They also took inspiration from Disney animated classics, such as "Alice in Wonderland", "Cinderella", and "Peter Pan", and from Warner Brothers cartoons to capture the 1950s aesthetic. While the film was in production, Disney announced on January 24, 2006 that it would be acquiring Pixar, and as a result, John Lasseter became the chief creative officer of both Pixar and Walt Disney Animation Studios. When he saw an early screening for the movie, he told Anderson that he did not find the villain scary or threatening enough, and suggested that he make some changes.
Meet the Robinsons | Production
Millstein was tapped to head up Florida's replacement and Pixar sequel division, Circle 7 Animation.
List of animation studios owned by The Walt Disney Company | Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida
Lewis left Pixar to join Digital Domain in 2011, at their Tradition Studios division in Florida where he was to direct animated features. After Digital Domain's bankruptcy filing and their shutdown and layoffs at Tradition Studios, Lewis joined Warner Bros. as a producer. He produced "Storks" which was released on September 23, 2016, and was executive producer on "The Lego Batman Movie". Lewis returned to DreamWorks Animation to produce "".
Brad Lewis | Recent
At that time, Pixar primarily developed computer animation hardware, but Lasseter helped the company make a name for itself by creating acclaimed CGI short films such as "The Adventures of André and Wally B." (1984). After the spin-off, he would go on to produce "Tin Toy" (1988), which won an Oscar. The company transitioned into TV commercial production and projects such as the Computer Animation Production System for Disney. After the success of "Tin Toy", Pixar made a deal with Disney to produce feature films. The first of these films, 1995's "Toy Story", was a smash hit, which in turn led to additional successful films such as "A Bug's Life" and "Toy Story 2".
Modern animation in the United States | <a href="Pixar">Pixar</a>
Saving this heritage was squarely on our shoulders." Lasseter and Catmull set about rebuilding the morale of the Feature Animation staff, and rehired a number of its 1980s "new guard" generation of star animators who had left the studio, including Ron Clements, John Musker, Eric Goldberg, Mark Henn, Andreas Deja, Bruce W. Smith, and Chris Buck. To maintain the separation of Feature Animation and Pixar despite their now common ownership and management, Catmull and Lasseter "drew a hard line" that each studio was solely responsible for its own projects and would not be allowed to borrow personnel from or lend tasks out to the other.
Walt Disney Animation Studios | 2006–2009: Rebound, Disney's acquisition of Pixar, renaming
In the book, Catmull describes growing up idolizing Walt Disney and later earning degrees in physics and computer science at the University of Utah. Although he was born in West Virginia, Catmull moved to Utah as a child. Despite his interests in animation, he pursued studies in math, physics, and computer science in college. Eventually, this led him to a graduate degree under Ivan Sutherland, the "father of computer graphics," also at the University of Utah. Many decades before computer animation existed, Catmull began developing the programming to do 2D and 3D computer graphics. During this time, he was recruited to work at Lucasfilm, becoming vice president of Industrial Light and Magic's computer graphics division, until 1986 when Steve Jobs bought it and started Pixar.
Creativity, Inc. | Background
"Toy Story" was the first Pixar film to be adapted for television as and TV series on the UPN television network, now The CW. "Cars" became the second with the help of "Cars Toons", a series of 3-to-5-minute short films running between regular Disney Channel show intervals and featuring Mater (a tow truck voiced by comedian Larry the Cable Guy). Between 2013 and 2014, Pixar released its first two television specials, "Toy Story of Terror!" and "Toy Story That Time Forgot". "Monsters at Work", a television series spin-off of "Monsters, Inc.", is currently in development for Disney+.
Pixar | Adaptation to television
Pixar and Disney had disagreements over the production of "Toy Story 2". Originally intended as a straight-to-video release (and thus not part of Pixar's three-picture deal), the film was eventually upgraded to a theatrical release during production. Pixar demanded that the film then be counted toward the three-picture agreement, but Disney refused. Though profitable for both, Pixar later complained that the arrangement was not equitable. Pixar was responsible for creation and production, while Disney handled marketing and distribution. Profits and production costs were split 50-50, but Disney exclusively owned all story, character and sequel rights and also collected a 10- to 15-percent distribution fee.
Pixar | Collaboration with Disney
A short rendition of the logo was used as a closing logo as well as the movie "Return to Oz", although the film was months before "The Black Cauldron" was released. Beginning with "Dinosaur" (2000), an alternative logo featuring an orange castle and logo against a black background, was occasionally presented with darker tone and live-action films. A computer-animated RenderMan variant appeared before every Pixar Animation Studios film from "Toy Story" until "Ratatouille", featuring an original fanfare composed by Randy Newman, based on the opening score cue from "Toy Story". In 2006, the logo was updated with the release of "" at the behest of then-Walt Disney Studios chairman Dick Cook and studio marketing president Oren Aviv.
Walt Disney Pictures | Logo
"" is a traditionally animated direct-to-video film produced by DisneyToon Studios with an opening sequence created by Pixar. The film was released on August 8, 2000, and led to a television series, with Pixar creating the CGI portion of the opening theme.
List of Pixar films | Co-production
He has had a 30+ year creative history collaborating with top Senior ABC Network director Roger Goodman, with dozens of News, Sports, and Entertainment division projects. His team was responsible for engineering the ABC Times Square Studios armored electronic-dimming soundproof window systems, robotic cameras, large on-air displays, and a massive curved LED ticker display. In 1996, Ferren created the Disney Fellows Program which attracted some of the brightest minds in Computer Science, including Alan Kay, Marvin Minsky, and Seymour Papert, as well as astronaut Story Musgrave. The first Disney fellow was parallel-computing pioneer Hillis with whom Ferren went on to found technology innovation and design firm Applied Minds in 2000.
Bran Ferren | The Walt Disney Company
Dinoco is a fictional oil company that first appeared in "Toy Story" as a small gas station. It plays a central role as a key race car sponsor in "Cars", and made a small cameo in "WALL-E". The company's logo is a dinosaur, but with a "Brontosaurus" in "Toy Story" and a "Tyrannosaurus" in "Cars" (a reference to Sinclair Oil, which uses a similar dinosaur logo. The name, however, is similar to Sunoco, the current oil and gasoline sponsor of NASCAR).
List of Pixar film references | Dinoco
John Lasseter's first experience with computer animation was during his work as an animator at Walt Disney Feature Animation, when two of his friends showed him the light-cycle scene from "Tron". It was an eye-opening experience which awakened Lasseter to the possibilities offered by the new medium of computer-generated animation. Lasseter tried to pitch "The Brave Little Toaster" as a fully computer-animated film to Disney, but the idea was rejected and Lasseter was fired. He then went on to work at Lucasfilm and in 1986, he became a founding member of Pixar. In 1986, Pixar was purchased by entrepreneur and Apple Inc.
Toy Story | Development
Pixar, purchased in 1986 by entrepreneur and former Apple Computer head Steve Jobs, received many accolades for films produced by its small animation division, headed by animator John Lasseter. Lasseter's primary role, as defended to Jobs by company founders Edwin Catmull and Alvy Ray Smith, was to produce short films to promote the company's own Pixar Image Computers. The department was never meant to generate any revenue as far as Jobs was concerned, but after the release of two shorts, "Luxo Jr." (1986) and "Red's Dream" (1987), some of the engineers working on the company's products wondered whether it made sense to keep the animation group going at all.
Tin Toy | Background
Jobs made it apparent to Katzenberg that although Disney was happy with Pixar, it was not the other way around: "We want to do a film with you," said Jobs. "That would make us happy." At this same time, Peter Schneider, president of Walt Disney Feature Animation, was potentially interested in making a feature film with Pixar. When Catmull, Smith and head of animation Ralph Guggenheim met with Schneider in the summer of 1990, they found the atmosphere to be puzzling and contentious. They later learned that Katzenberg intended that if Disney were to make a film with Pixar, it would be outside Schneider's purview, which aggravated Schneider.
Toy Story | Development
John Lasseter noted that the film's proposed plot line was similar to another film, Blue Sky Studios' "Rio", which was released in 2011. In a March 2014 interview, Pixar president Edwin Catmull stated that "Newt" was an idea that was not working in pre-production. When the project was passed to Pete Docter, the director of "Monsters, Inc." and "Up", he pitched an idea that Pixar thought was better, and that concept became "Inside Out". In 2010, Henry Selick formed a joint venture with Pixar called Cinderbiter Productions, which was to exclusively produce stop-motion films. Its first project under the deal, a film titled "ShadeMaker" was set to be released on October 4, 2013, but was canceled in August 2012 due to creative differences.
List of Pixar films | Cancelled projects
Following the completion of "WALL-E", Stanton visited the archives of Edgar Rice Burroughs, Inc., in Tarzana, California, as part of his research. Jim Morris, general manager of Pixar, said the film would have a unique look distinct from Frank Frazetta's illustrations, which they both found dated. He also noted that although he had less time for pre-production than for any of his usual animated projects, the task was nevertheless relatively easy since he had read Burroughs' novels as a child and had already visualized many of their scenes.
John Carter (film) | Return to Disney, Stanton involvement
Pixar's early computer graphics research resulted in groundbreaking effects in films such as "" and "Young Sherlock Holmes", and the group was purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs shortly after he left Apple Computer. Jobs paid Lucas US$5 million and put US$5 million as capital into the company. The sale reflected Lucas' desire to stop the cash flow losses from his 7-year research projects associated with new entertainment technology tools, as well as his company's new focus on creating entertainment products rather than tools. As of June 1983, Lucas was worth US$60 million, but he met cash-flow difficulties following his divorce that year, concurrent with the sudden dropoff in revenues from "Star Wars" licenses following the theatrical run of "Return of the Jedi".
George Lucas | 1977–1993: Hiatus from directing, "Indiana Jones"
The concept of second product syndrome was introduced by Steve Jobs during his time in Pixar, an American computer animation film studio under Disney Studios. The first movie introduced by Pixar was Toy Story which was a huge success at the time. After the movie, Pixar's ambition multiplied and the company was determined to prove Toy Story's success was not a one-time hit. Pixar then decided its second film would be based on the insect and named the movie A Bug's Life. The information about Pixar's second movie was leaked to the former employee of Disney Jeffrey Katzenberg who worked at DreamWorks at the time.
Second product syndrome | Background
Bob Iger succeeded Eisner, as the new chief executive officer of Disney, in September 2005. While viewing one parade at Hong Kong Disneyland that fall, Iger realized how badly Disney needed Pixar, because all characters, which were less than ten years old in the parade, were from films by Pixar.
Circle 7 Animation | History
While Disney Animation and Disneytoon are located in the Los Angeles area, Pixar is located over 350 miles (563 kilometers) northwest in the Bay Area, where Catmull and Lasseter both live. Accordingly, they appointed a general manager for each studio to manage day-to-day business affairs, then established a routine of spending at least two days per week (usually Tuesdays and Wednesdays) in Southern California.
John Lasseter | Return to Disney
Accordingly, they appointed a general manager for each studio to handle day-to-day affairs on their behalf, then began regularly commuting each week to both Pixar and Disney Animation and spending at least two days per week (usually Tuesdays and Wednesdays) at Disney Animation. While at Pixar Catmull was implicated in the High-Tech Employee Antitrust scandal, where Bay Area technology companies agreed, among other things, not to cold-call recruit from one another. Catmull defended his actions in a deposition, saying "While I have responsibility for the payroll, I have responsibility for the long term also." Disney and its subsidiaries, including Pixar, ultimately paid $100m in compensation.
Edwin Catmull | Pixar
In 2005, after disagreements between Disney's Michael Eisner and Pixar's Steve Jobs over the distribution of Pixar's films, Disney announced that they would be creating a new animation studio, Circle 7 Animation, to make sequels to the seven Disney-owned Pixar films (which consisted of the films released between 1995's "Toy Story" and 2006's "Cars"). The studio had put "Toy Story 3" and "Monster's Inc. 2: Lost in Scaradise" into development, and had hired screenwriter Laurie Craig to write a draft for "Finding Nemo 2". Circle 7 was subsequently shut down after Robert Iger replaced Eisner as CEO of Disney and arranged the acquisition of Pixar.
Finding Nemo | Sequel
These Pixar films contain the following references to an assortment of other things.
List of Pixar film references | Other
The foreign kingdom of Pik-zahr is based on Pixar, the pioneer of 3-D animation. The story has allegorical references to the rivalry between the companies, which ended in 2006 when Disney bought out Pixar.
Twisted (musical) | Synopsis
John Lasseter was credited as "Coach" in the credits of the film. The Pixar Co-op Program, a part of the Pixar University professional development program, allows their animators to use Pixar resources to produce independent films. The first CGI project accepted to the program was "Borrowed Time" (2016), directed by Pixar animators Andrew Coats and Lou Hamou-Lhadj; all previously accepted films were live-action.
List of Pixar shorts | Other work
This merger was subject to widespread criticism among critics, consumers, and businesses due to antitrust concerns. One of the biggest concerns is that unlike Disney's acquisition of Pixar, Marvel Entertainment, and Lucasfilm, the Disney/Fox deal was a horizontal integration (in which a company owns a direct competitor) in contrast to a vertical integration (in which two companies operate different stages for a specific finished product) like the mergers of AT&T-Time Warner and Comcast-NBCUniversal. Given Disney's already powerful box market shares, a combined Disney/Fox would give it a 39% theatrical market share and would strengthen Disney's already leveraging power over theater owners in its favor without regard to the negative effects on their businesses.
Criticism of The Walt Disney Company | Acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney
This is a list of past and present Pixar Animation Studios employees who have served as Pixar's primary directors and creative executives.
List of Pixar staff | Introduction
The company also licenses its live-action film catalog (mostly lesser known titles) from the Touchstone Pictures, Hollywood Pictures, 20th Century Studios and ABC libraries to companies like Kino Lorber and Shout! Factory. The company formerly licensed some of its libraries to other companies like Anchor Bay Entertainment, Lionsgate Home Entertainment, MGM Home Entertainment and Mill Creek Entertainment.
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment | Other
Since the merger with Pixar, as most of the CAPS system was discontinued, Disney's subsequent traditionally animated productions; "How to Hook Up Your Home Theater" (2007), "The Princess and the Frog" (2009), "The Ballad of Nessie" (2011), and the "Winnie the Pooh" (2011), were produced using Toon Boom Harmony computer software, which offered a more up-to-date digital animation system.
Computer Animation Production System | Decline and legacy
Eventually, Baena left ILM for Pixar in 2002 where he worked on the films "Finding Nemo", "The Incredibles", "Cars", "Ratatouille", "WALL-E", and "Toy Story 3" as well as the short film "Boundin'".
Carlos Baena (animator) | Background