The order establishing the medal also expanded the size and the responsibilities of the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board so it could serve as a major source of such recommendations. The medal may be awarded to an individual more than once; Colin Powell received two awards, his second being With Distinction; Ellsworth Bunker received both of his awards With Distinction. It may also be awarded posthumously (after the death of the recipient); examples (in chronological order) include John Wayne, John F. Kennedy, Pope John XXIII, Lyndon Johnson, Paul "Bear" Bryant, Thurgood Marshall, Cesar Chavez, Walter Reuther, Roberto Clemente, Jack Kemp, Harvey Milk, James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner, Elouise Cobell, Grace Hopper, Antonin Scalia, Elvis Presley and Babe Ruth.
History of the award
Presidential Medal of Freedom
Presidential Medal of Freedom | History of the award
Colin Powell, Ellsworth Bunker, etc. Yes, Colin Powell, John F. Kennedy, John Wayne and many more. Colin Powell,  Ellsworth Bunker John Wayne, John F. Kennedy, Pope John XXIII
i know why the caged bird sings poem explanation
user
It is a coming-of-age story that illustrates how strength of character and a love of literature can help overcome racism and trauma.
assistant
who is the author of this poem?
user
Maya Angelou.
assistant
where was she born?
user
St. Louis, Missouri.
assistant
was she the only child?
user
No, she was the second child.
assistant
did she receive any rewards?
user
Yes,  the Spingarn Medal, the National Medal of Arts and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
assistant
what is the latter medal about?
user
The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the president of the United States to recognize people who have made "an especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of the United States, world peace, cultural or other significant public or private endeavors".
assistant
by which us president was she given this ?
user
Sorry. I cannot find the answer based on the context.
assistant
any other famous personalities who have received this medal?
user
Typically the medal is bestowed upon the recipient by the sitting president who has chosen them. However, the first recipients selected by President John F. Kennedy before his assassination were formally awarded by his successor in office, Lyndon B. Johnson. President Barack Obama awarded 123 medals, the most ever, followed by President Ronald Reagan with 102 medal recipients. Two people, Ellsworth Bunker and Colin Powell, are two-time recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Colin Powell received his second award with Distinction, while Ellsworth Bunker was given both of his awards with distinction. In 2015, President Barack Obama stated that there was no precedent to revoke Presidential Medals of Freedom, regarding the award given to Bill Cosby.
List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Background
The order establishing the medal also expanded the size and the responsibilities of the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board so it could serve as a major source of such recommendations. The medal may be awarded to an individual more than once; Colin Powell received two awards, his second being With Distinction; Ellsworth Bunker received both of his awards With Distinction. It may also be awarded posthumously (after the death of the recipient); examples (in chronological order) include John Wayne, John F. Kennedy, Pope John XXIII, Lyndon Johnson, Paul "Bear" Bryant, Thurgood Marshall, Cesar Chavez, Walter Reuther, Roberto Clemente, Jack Kemp, Harvey Milk, James Chaney, Andrew Goodman, Michael Schwerner, Elouise Cobell, Grace Hopper, Antonin Scalia, Elvis Presley and Babe Ruth.
Presidential Medal of Freedom | History of the award
She was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President George W. Bush on December 15, 2006, in the East Room of the White House. The President noted that "Ruth Colvin is a person of intelligence and vision and heart. And she has earned the gratitude of many, and the admiration of us all."
Ruth Johnson Colvin | Presidential medal of freedom
President Reagan awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1983. She was the first female member of Congress to receive this award. Upon presenting her with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, Reagan said this of Luce:
Clare Boothe Luce | Presidential Medal of Freedom
He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1986 and the Four Freedoms Award in 1991. He was also awarded the chevalier of the Légion d'honneur from France, the Order of St. Olav from Norway, Order of Merit from Chile, the Order of Leopold from Belgium, and honorary degrees from 28 universities.
James Reston | Awards
In November, 2015, Barack Obama awarded Carroll with Presidential Medal of Freedom. In Obama's words, "even by the standards of Medal of Freedom recipients, this is a class act. We are just reminded when we see these individuals here on the stage what an incredible tapestry this country is." Carroll was also a recipient of the Veterans of Foreign Wars' James E. Van Zandt Citizenship Award (2017) and the Robert M. Yerkes Award (2017) awarded by the American Psychological Association, and in 2019, she was awarded the Angel of Honor Award by the Armed Service YMCA.
Bonnie Carroll | Awards and recognition
Kirkpatrick received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor. The Kennedy School of Government at Harvard created a Kirkpatrick Chair in International Affairs in her honor. She was given the Simon Wiesenthal Center's Humanitarian Award in 1983. She received an honorary doctorate degree from Universidad Francisco Marroquín in 1985; she also received an honorary doctorate at Central Connecticut State University in 1991.
Jeane Kirkpatrick | Awards and prizes
Hyde received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor, on November 5, 2007. Hyde was hospitalized, recovering from open-heart surgery, and could not attend the ceremony in person.
Henry Hyde | Presidential Medal of Freedom
On October 7, 1987, Kaufman was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Ronald Reagan.
Irving Kaufman | Awards
On December 23, 1967, he was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Lyndon Johnson.
Robert Komer | Awards and honors
Behrens received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1970. The accompanying citation described him, in part, as "a legend among political reporters not only for his great skill but also for fairness, unfailing good humor, and consistent good sense."
Earl Charles Behrens | Awards and honors
Bush presented Lee with the Presidential Medal of Freedom. This is the highest civilian award in the United States and recognizes individuals who have made "an especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of the United States, world peace, cultural or other significant public or private endeavors".
Harper Lee | 2005–2014
(Chaney, Goodman and Schwerner, civil rights workers murdered in 1964, were awarded their medals in 2014, 50 years later.)
Presidential Medal of Freedom | History of the award
This is a partial list of recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, listed chronologically within the aspect of life in which each recipient is or was renowned. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is awarded by the president of the United States "for especially meritorious contribution to (1) the security or national interests of the United States, or (2) world peace, or (3) cultural or other significant public or private endeavors". Honorees are selected by the president or recommended to them by the Distinguished Civilian Service Awards Board.
List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Introduction
Apart from receiving the Pulitzer Prize for Biography or Autobiography in 1955, White was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in January 1969.
William S. White | Awards
Bruce received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, with Distinction, in 1976.
David K. E. Bruce | Awards
In and in 1964 she was awarded a Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Helen B. Taussig | Introduction
John Hope Franklin was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Bill Clinton, while William Raspberry, a syndicated columnist for "The Washington Post", won the Pulitzer Prize in 1994. 15 Nobel Prize winners have been associated with the university.
List of Duke University people | Introduction
The first joint recipients of the award were Lane Kirkland and his wife Irena who won the prize in 1981. Lane was honored for his "long devotion to the cause of refugees" while Irena was described as "very much a human rights activist". Chinese dissidents Li Shuxian and Fang Lizhi were jointly honored in 1991; two American Presidents, George H.W. Bush and Bill Clinton took the prize as a pair in 2005, and film actress Angelina Jolie and United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees High Commissioner António Guterres received the award together in 2007. Since the first award presentation in 1957, the IRC has made it to 46 recipients, 24 of which were American; the majority of awards have been to politicians.
Freedom Award | Introduction
In 1996, President Bill Clinton awarded him with America's highest civilian award the Presidential Medal of Freedom. He was born Zdzisław Antoni Jeziorański, (Jeziora Coat of Arms) in Berlin, but used a number of noms de guerre during the war, the best known of which was Jan Nowak which he later added to his original surname.
Jan Nowak-Jeziorański | Introduction
In 2011, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the United States, by President Barack Obama for her work with VSA and with people with disabilities.
Jean Kennedy Smith | Introduction
In 1961, Caulfield was awarded the Ramon Magsaysay Award for International Understanding. On 6 December 1963, she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President John F. Kennedy in recognition of her work for the blind in Asia. The award was given by President Lyndon B. Johnson in honor of President John F. Kennedy. Her niece was actress Joan Caulfield.
Genevieve Caulfield | Recognition
On January 18, 1989, Dole was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Reagan. On January 17, 1997, Senator Dole was presented the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton for his service in the military and his political career. In his acceptance remarks in the East Room of the White House, Dole remarked "I had a dream that I would be here this historic week receiving something from the president — but I thought it would be the front-door key". In 1997, Dole received the U.S. Senator John Heinz Award for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.
Bob Dole | Awards
On April 22, 1970, he was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Richard Nixon.
Arthur Krock | Awards
There is no evidence of U.S. citizens having received these palm devices, whereas some non-U.S. citizens did receive them (e.g. Micheline "Michou" Dumon and Nancy Wake), and these devices have been interpreted as signifying degrees of the award.
Medal of Freedom (1945) | Description
On February 15, 2011, President Barack Obama presented Gerda Weissmann Klein and 14 other recipients with the 2010 Presidential Medal of Freedom. At the ceremony in the East Room of the White House, President Obama announced, "This year's Medal of Freedom recipients reveal the best of who we are and who we aspire to be." He stated the following as Klein was presented with her Presidential Medal of Freedom: By the time she was 21, Gerda Klein had spent six years living under Nazi rule — three of them in concentration camps. Her parents and brother had been taken away.
Gerda Weissmann Klein | Presidential Medal of Freedom
In 1984, US President Ronald Reagan awarded Cherne the Medal of Freedom for his "moral passion" in the service of refugees. In 1989, Cherne received the S. Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Private Citizen, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.
Leo Cherne | Awards
He was awarded the Medal of Freedom in 1947 for the last.
Charles Phelps Smyth | Introduction
Former president George H. W. Bush, who was awarded the medal on February 6, 2007, which would have been Ronald Reagan's 96th birthday, remarked, "I wish I had a little Ronald Reagan in me when it came to communicating with the American people. Had I been blessed with my predecessor's remarkable skill, who knows? I might still be employed." On a more serious note, he said later in the speech: "Working with Ronald Reagan was one of the greatest joys of my life." On September 17, 2008, the award was presented to former Soviet dissident Natan Sharansky by Nancy Reagan.
Ronald Reagan Freedom Award | Recipients
WILLIAM ISGAR Hubert Dickey Ballantine and Martin Mathews were jointly awarded the 1981 Citizens Medal as founders of the Mathews-Dickey Boy's Club. The teachers Rachel Davino, Anne Marie Murphy, Lauren Rousseau, and Victoria Soto and school administrators Mary Sherlach and Dawn Hochsprung, who perished in the Sandy Hook Elementary School shooting defending their students, were jointly awarded the 2012 Citizens Medal posthumously.
Presidential Citizens Medal | Recipients
After being awarded the medal, Cosby was convicted of multiple counts of sexual assault.
List of Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Background
In 1984, she challenged President Ronald Reagan's decision to award the Medal of Freedom to Whittaker Chambers, writing, "With all due respect to the dead, is this man, who has left behind him so many doubts about his own role, an appropriate recipient of the Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian award?"
Dorothy Sterling | Personal life
In 1985 he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award of the United States. He was awarded honorary degrees from 15 colleges and universities, including Brown, Yale, Johns Hopkins, Harvard, and Cambridge.
Sidney Dillon Ripley | Smithsonian Institution
On November 21, 1946, in a ceremony that took place in Tropenmuseum Amsterdam, Rachel was awarded the United States Medal of Freedom. On 18 October 1948 in the British Embassy in The Hague, she was awarded the United Kingdom King's Medal for Courage in the Cause of Freedom.
Rachel Harel | Awards
Congress—the highest civilian award in the United States. It recognizes those individuals who have made "an especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of the United States, world peace, cultural or other significant public or private endeavors". Former governor Luis A. Ferré and his sister Isolina Ferré are the only pair of Puerto Rican brother and sister to have been awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Baseball Hall of Famer Roberto Clemente was also the posthumous recipient of the Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Citizens Medal.
List of Puerto Rican Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Introduction
On November 20, 2013, Wald was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation’s highest civilian honor.
Patricia Wald | Honors and awards
On January 18, 1989, outgoing president Ronald Reagan conferred upon him the Presidential Citizens Medal, the second highest civilian award given, making him the 7th recipient of the honor. On August 8, 1994, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States, by President Bill Clinton. He was one of the recipients of the first Congressional Distinguished Service Award in 2000, along with John Rhodes, Louis Stokes, and Don Edwards. This honor was created by then-Speaker Dennis Hastert and then-Minority Leader Dick Gephardt. In 2010, he was given the Schachman Award by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
Robert H. Michel | Namesakes and honors
The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the president of the United States to recognize people who have made "an especially meritorious contribution to the security or national interests of the United States, world peace, cultural or other significant public or private endeavors". The Presidential Medal of Freedom and the Congressional Gold Medal are the highest civilian awards of the United States. The award is not limited to U.S. citizens and, while it is a civilian award, it can also be awarded to military personnel and worn on the uniform. It was established in 1963 by President John F.
Presidential Medal of Freedom | Introduction
In 1981, he received the Presidential Medal of Freedom (the nation's highest civilian award). Throughout the 1970s and 1980s, he was actively involved in the Council Against Communist Aggression in Washington D.C.
Walter Judd (politician) | Presidential Medal of Freedom
The American Association of University Professors (AAUP) established the Alexander Meiklejohn Freedom Award to honor his work. He received the Rosenberger Medal in 1959. Meiklejohn was selected by John F. Kennedy to receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom, which was presented by Lyndon B. Johnson shortly after Kennedy's death.
Alexander Meiklejohn | Awards
In November 2015, Ruckelshaus was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama during a ceremony at the White House.
William Ruckelshaus | Presidential Medal of Freedom
In November 2015, Hamilton was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Barack Obama in a ceremony at the White House.
Lee H. Hamilton | Presidential Medal of Freedom
Other notable awardees include Alexander Graham Bell, Vannevar Bush, and Michael Pupin.
Esther M. Conwell | Honors and awards
DeBakey became a member of numerous learned societies, gained 36 honorary degrees and was the recipient of hundreds of awards. He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969. In 1987, President Ronald Reagan awarded him the National Medal of Science. He was a Health Care Hall of Famer, a Lasker Luminary and a recipient of the United Nations Lifetime Achievement Award and the Presidential Medal of Freedom with Distinction. He was given the Lifetime Achievement Award of the Foundation for Biomedical Research and in 2000 was cited as a "Living Legend" by the Library of Congress. On April 23, 2008, he received the Congressional Gold Medal from President George W.
Michael DeBakey | Selected honors and awards
Her service was recognized by President Johnson in 1964, when she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. In 1966 she was awarded an honorary degree from Saint Peter's College, New Jersey. She was awarded the Poverello Medal in 1967.
Lena Frances Edwards | Honors and legacy
Hancock was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1989 and the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1990.
Walker Hancock | Introduction
In 1984, President Ronald Reagan posthumously awarded Chambers the Presidential Medal of Freedom, for his contribution to "the century's epic struggle between freedom and totalitarianism". In 1988, Interior Secretary Donald P. Hodel granted national landmark status to the Pipe Creek Farm. In 2001, members of the George W. Bush Administration held a private ceremony to commemorate the hundredth anniversary of Chambers's birth. Speakers included William F. Buckley, Jr.
Whittaker Chambers | Presidential Medal of Freedom (1984)
Dart received the Presidential Medal of Freedom posthumously in 1987.
Justin Whitlock Dart Sr. | Presidential Medal of Freedom
The following people have received the J. W. Graham Medal:
J. W. Graham Medal | Recipients
On April 27, 2012, President Barack Obama announced that Hirabayashi would receive the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his principled stand against Japanese-American internment. The President presented the award posthumously on May 29. It was accepted by his family, who traveled to Washington from Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. On February 22, 2014, the medal was formally donated to the University of Washington Library Special Collections, which holds Hirabayashi's papers.
Gordon Hirabayashi | Presidential Medal of Freedom
The following people are the recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom:
List of Puerto Rican Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom
On January 8, 2001, he was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Bill Clinton.
Edward R. Roybal | Biography
On November 16, 2016, Ross was announced as one of the 21 recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian honor. (* = made directly for television)
Diana Ross | Awards and nominations
In 1985 President Reagan awarded Nitze the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his contributions to the freedom and security of the United States. In 1989, Nitze received the US Senator John Heinz Award for Greatest Public Service by an Elected or Appointed Official, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards. In 1991, he was awarded the prestigious United States Military Academy's Sylvanus Thayer Award for his commitment to the Academy's ideals of "Duty, Honor, Country".[6]
Paul Nitze | Awards and honors
He was awarded the Distinguished Service Medal by the Theodore Roosevelt Memorial Association in 1957 and the Smithsonian’s Joseph Henry Medal in 1968. He just missed the Presidential Medal of Freedom when his nomination for that honor in 1973 died in the aftermath of the Watergate affair.
David E. Finley Jr. | Personal life
In 1996 Morris received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Clinton.
Mo Udall | Legacy
President Jimmy Carter awarded Baldwin the Medal of Freedom on 16 January 1981.
Roger Nash Baldwin | Later years
On December 8, 2008, George was awarded the Presidential Citizens Medal by President George W. Bush in a ceremony in the Oval Office of the White House. His other awards include the Honorific Medal for the Defense of Human Rights of the Republic of Poland, the Canterbury Medal of the Becket Fund for Religious Liberty, the Philip Merrill Award of the American Council of Trustees and Alumni, the Irving Kristol Award of the American Enterprise Institute, the Sidney Hook Award of the National Association of Scholars, the Paul Bator Award of the Federalist Society for Law and Public Policy, and Princeton University's President's Award for Distinguished Teaching.
Robert P. George | Honors
As noted earlier, Nancy Reagan was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 2002 and the Congressional Gold Medal, in the same year. In 1989, she received the Council of Fashion Designers of America's lifetime achievement award. As First Lady, Nancy Reagan received an Honorary Doctorate of Laws degree from Pepperdine University in 1983. Later, she received an Honorary Doctor of Humane Letters degree from Eureka College in Illinois, her husband's alma mater, in 2009.
Nancy Reagan | Awards and honors
On October 26, 1982, Smith received the Presidential Medal of Freedom, America's highest civilian honor, by U.S. President Ronald Reagan. In bestowing the honor, Reagan said: The voice of Kate Smith is known and loved by millions of Americans, young and old. In war and peace, it has been an inspiration. Those simple but deeply moving words, 'God bless America,' have taken on added meaning for all of us because of the way Kate Smith sang them. Thanks to her they have become a cherished part of all our lives, an undying reminder of the beauty, the courage and the heart of this great land of ours.
Kate Smith | Presidential Medal of Freedom
In June 1981, Lovelace was presented with the Presidential Citizens Medal by President Ronald Reagan.
Alan M. Lovelace | Introduction
Fahy was the recipient of a number of awards, including the Navy Cross (1917), a medal for military merit (1946), the Robert S. Abbott Memorial Award (1951), John Carroll Award from the Georgetown University Member Alumni (1953), and the D.C. Distinguished Service Award (1969).
Charles Fahy | Awards
In giving us a magnificent, selfless talent like Kate Smith, God has truly blessed America. It was not the first time Smith had been saluted by a president. In 1969, in light of Jim Morrison's arrest in Miami for indecent exposure, Smith had performed with The Lettermen, Anita Bryant, and Jackie Gleason in a concert demonstration against indecency, for which President Richard Nixon commended the stars' performances.
Kate Smith | Presidential Medal of Freedom
Among other professional achievements, Long has been the recipient of the Department of Defense Medal for Distinguished Civilian Service, the Presidential Rank Award of Distinguished Executive, the Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Award, the Presidential Rank Award of Meritorious Executive (two awards) and the National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medal (three awards). In 2011, she received the Charlie Allen Award for Distinguished Intelligence Service from the Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association, was decorated with the Medal of Merit by the King of Norway, was appointed to the rank of Chevalier in the National Order of the Legion of Honor of France and awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland.
Letitia Long | Awards
It was the first U.S. civilian neck decoration and, in the grade of Awarded With Distinction, is the only U.S. sash and star decoration (the Chief Commander degree of the Legion of Merit—which may only be awarded to foreign heads of state—is a star decoration but without a sash). The executive order calls for the medal to be awarded annually on or around July 4, and at other convenient times as chosen by the president, but it has not been awarded every year (e.g., 2001, 2010). Recipients are selected by the president, either on the president's own initiative or based on recommendations.
Presidential Medal of Freedom | History of the award
Krim was awarded 16 doctorates honoris causa and has received numerous other honors and distinctions. In August 2000, President Bill Clinton awarded her the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the United States, in recognition of her "extraordinary compassion and commitment". In 2003, Krim received the Award for Greatest Public Service Benefiting the Disadvantaged, an award given out annually by Jefferson Awards.
Mathilde Krim | Awards and recognition
The person with the highest point total wins the award. The award is usually given to a person who made a substantial charitable contribution. For instance, Kevin Garnett received the award in after donating $1.2 million toward the Hurricane Katrina relief efforts. Since its inception, the award has been given to 34 different people. Only one season had joint winners—Michael Cooper and Rory Sparrow in the . Vlade Divac of Yugoslavia (now Serbia), Dikembe Mutombo of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pau Gasol of Spain, Canadians Steve Nash (born in South Africa), Samuel Dalembert (born in Haiti), and Luol Deng of the United Kingdom (born in South Sudan) are the only winners who were not born in the United States.
J. Walter Kennedy Citizenship Award | Introduction
Previous recipients include US Supreme Court Justices, US Governors, Nobel laureates, Pulitzer Prize winners and Academy Award Winners.
Scotty McLennan | Awards
Past recipients include U.S. Supreme Court justices Stephen Breyer, Ruth Bader Ginsburg, Harry Blackmun, Sandra Day O'Connor, and John Paul Stevens; former U.S. attorney general Janet Reno; U.S. Sen. Christopher Dodd; Kentucky Supreme Court Chief Justice John Palmore; civil rights lawyer Morris Dees; lawyer and professor Samuel Dash; and Howard Baker.
Brandeis Medal | Past recipients
In 2000, she was awarded the National Medal of Arts by President Bill Clinton. In 2010, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor in the U.S., by President Barack Obama. More than thirty health care and medical facilities have been named after Angelou. She was awarded more than 50 honorary degrees.
List of honors received by Maya Angelou | Introduction
In July 2009, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honour awarded by the United States. In presenting the award to Robinson, U.S. President Barack Obama said "Mary Robinson learned early on what it takes to make sure all voices are heard. As a crusader for women and those without a voice in Ireland, Mary Robinson was the first woman elected President of Ireland, before being appointed U.N. High Commissioner for Human Rights. When she traveled abroad as President, she would place a light in her window that would draw people of Irish descent to pass by below.
Mary Robinson | U.S. Presidential Medal of Freedom
McCullough has received numerous awards, including the Presidential Medal of Freedom in December 2006, the highest civilian award that a United States citizen can receive. In 1995, the National Book Foundation conferred its lifetime Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters. McCullough has been awarded more than 40 honorary degrees, including one from the Eastern Nazarene College in John Adams' hometown of Quincy, Massachusetts. McCullough has received two Pulitzer Prizes, two National Book Awards, two Francis Parkman Prizes, the "Los Angeles Times" Book Award, New York Public Library's Literary Lion Award, and the St. Louis Literary Award from the Saint Louis University Library Associates, among others.
David McCullough | Awards and accolades
Other civilians who have received the award include Wiley Post, Jacqueline Cochran, Roscoe Turner, Amelia Earhart, Glenn H. Curtiss, and Eugene Ely. Eventually, it was limited to military personnel by an Executive Order. Amelia Earhart became the first woman to receive the DFC on July 29, 1932, when it was presented to her by Vice President Charles Curtis in Los Angeles for her solo flight across the Atlantic Ocean earlier that year.
Distinguished Flying Cross (United States) | History
On November 17, 2008, President George W. Bush awarded Martin the Presidential Citizens Medal “for his leadership in strengthening libraries and museums across the country.” The medal is the second-highest civilian award in the United States, second only to the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Martin is a Fellow of the Society of American Archivists and a Distinguished Alumnus of Rice University and the UNC School of Information and Library Science (SILS).
Robert S. Martin | Introduction
He was twice awarded the Department of Defense Medal for Distinguished Public Service, first by Robert McNamara in February 1965 and again by Donald Rumsfeld in November 1976. He is the first recipient not employed by the Department of Defense and the first person awarded it twice. On 7 November 1985 President Reagan awarded Albert Wohlstetter, along with his wife Roberta Wohlstetter and Paul Nitze, the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Albert Wohlstetter | Awards
She was then given a reception at city hall. Having flown to Washington, D.C. on a U.S. Air Force plane, she was recognized before the House of Representatives. On 29 July 1954, President Dwight D. Eisenhower awarded her the Medal of Freedom during a ceremony in the White House Rose Garden, calling her the "woman of the year" She was then sent on a tour of six states where she met with luminaries and appeared before large crowds in cities such as Cleveland, Chicago, New Orleans, and San Francisco. The French ambassador to the United States called her visit "an exceptional success".
Geneviève de Galard | Release
Awards he received include the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit with valor device, the Distinguished Flying Cross, the Bronze Star Medal with award star and valor device, the Presidential Unit Citation, the American Defense Service Medal with base clasp, the Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal with three award stars, the American Campaign Medal, the World War II Victory Medal, the China Service Medal, the National Defense Service Medal, the Korean Service Medal with four award stars, the United Nations Korea Medal, and the Republic of Korea Presidential Unit Citation.
Carson Abel Roberts | Awards and decorations
St. Johns was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom on April 22, 1970. During the late 1960s and 1970s, St. Johns was a frequent guest on various talk shows including Jack Paar's "The Tonight Show" and "The Merv Griffin Show". During one "Tonight Show" visit, Paar noted that St. Johns had known many legends of Hollywood's Golden Age and was once rumored to have had Clark Gable's child. St. Johns quipped, "Well, who wouldn't have wanted to have Clark Gable's baby?" Paar inquired if there was anything she wanted to do that she had not yet done in her rather incredible life, St.
Adela Rogers St. Johns | Later years
He received the Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Bill Clinton in 1999.
Helmut Kohl | Honors and awards
John F. Kennedy was awarded the medal while still a senator, upon the nomination of Eddie Pryzbyla, a future winner himself.
James Cardinal Gibbons Medal | Introduction
In 1991, McGovern was made a Gandhi Peace Award laureate. During 1999, McGovern received the Freedom from Want award, part of the Four Freedoms Awards from the Roosevelt Institute. On August 9, 2000, McGovern was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Bill Clinton. It is the United States' highest civilian honor.
List of awards and honors received by George McGovern | Awards and ceremonies
He received the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, the World War I Victory Medal, the World War II Victory Medal, the American Defense Service Medal, and the American Campaign Medal. He received the Order of Abdon Calderón medal from Ecuador.
Harold Medberry Bemis | Awards
Ralph J. Menconi (June 17, 1915 – November 18, 1972) was a noted medal sculptor who received the Freedoms Foundation Award and the Michelangelo Award and was awarded with the title “Sculptor of the Year” in 1970. He received the nickname "Sculptor of Presidents," because of the 36 medal series of the presidents he created for Presidential Art Medals.
Ralph J. Menconi | Introduction
In 1953 Monnet was awarded the Karlspreis by the city of Aachen in recognition of his achievements. He received numerous other prizes and honorary degrees, including "Doctor Honoris Causa" from the universities of Cambridge (8 June 1961), Dartmouth (11 June 1961), Yale (12 June 1961), and Oxford (26 June 1963). On 6 December 1963, he was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom, with Special Distinction, by United States President Lyndon Johnson. The decision had been made by President Kennedy before his assassination.
Jean Monnet | Honors
John Gilmary Shea, a historian of the Catholic Church in the United States, was the first person to be awarded the Laetare Medal in 1883. The recipients of the Laetare Medal come from varied fields. Recipients include jazz musicians, Cardinals, philanthropists, ambassadors, authors, opera singers, Senators, doctors, generals, and a U.S. President.
Laetare Medal | Recipients
In November 2016, Padrón was announced as one of the recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Eduardo J. Padrón | Awards
This is a list of notable Puerto Ricans who were awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The list includes people who were born in Puerto Rico, people who are of full or partial Puerto Rican ancestry such as Pablo Casals, whose mother was Puerto Rican and Chita Rivera, whose father was Puerto Rican. It also includes other residents and/or immigrants of other ethnic heritages who have made Puerto Rico their home, and who are recognized for their life and/or work. Nine Puerto Ricans have been awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The Presidential Medal of Freedom is an award bestowed by the President of the United States and is—along with the comparable Congressional Gold Medal bestowed by an act of U.S.
List of Puerto Rican Presidential Medal of Freedom recipients | Introduction
Hope was awarded more than 2,000 honors and awards, including 54 honorary university doctorates. In 1963 President John F. Kennedy awarded him the Congressional Gold Medal for service to his country. President Lyndon Johnson bestowed the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1969 for his service to the armed forces through the USO. In 1982 he received the S. Roger Horchow Award for Greatest Public Service by a Private Citizen, an honor given annually by Jefferson Awards. He was presented with the National Medal of Arts in 1995 and received the Ronald Reagan Freedom Award in 1997. On June 10, 1980, he became the 64th—and only civilian—recipient of the United States Air Force Order of the Sword which recognizes individuals who have made significant contributions to the enlisted corps.
Bob Hope | Awards and honors
Mathilde Verspyck was posthumously accorded two major honors in recognition of her efforts as a freedom fighter during World War II – the: The Medal of Freedom, America's highest civilian honor, was conferred both for her resistance activities and for the imprisonment and death she suffered in relation to that work. According to the General Orders issued on November 1, 1946 and March 20, 1947 by the United States Department of Defense as part of this award: Mademoiselle Verspyck joined an escape organization soon after the capitulation and is considered by the head of the group to have rendered considerable and remarkable service to his evasion line.
Mathilde Verspyck | Awards
On October 20, 2011, President Barack Obama awarded Langbehn with the second highest civilian honor: the Presidential Citizens Medal. Langbehn was one of 13 recipients for 2011. Langbehn's citation read
Janice Langbehn | Presidential Citizens Medal
A famous American recipient was General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.
Philippine Independence Medal | Award criteria
Lena Frances Edwards (September 17, 1900 – December 3, 1986) was a New Jersey physician who was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
Lena Frances Edwards | Introduction
He received several awards over the years, including the Department of the Air Force Decoration for Exceptional Civilian Service in 1957. He was awarded the Medal for Merit by President Truman, the Medal of Freedom by President Eisenhower in 1961, and the National Medal of Science by President Lyndon Johnson in 1967. He was also a recipient the Charles Lathrop Parsons Award for public service from the American Chemical Society in 1961, Priestley Medal from the American Chemical Society in 1972, and the Franklin Medal from Harvard. In later years, Kistiakowsky was active in an antiwar organization, the Council for a Livable World.
George Kistiakowsky | Later life
Established on November 13, 1969, it recognizes individuals "who have performed exemplary deeds or services for his or her country or fellow citizens." The award is only eligible to United States citizens, and may be awarded posthumously. Baseball Hall of Famer Roberto Clemente was also the posthumous recipient of the Congressional Gold Medal and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
List of Puerto Rican Presidential Citizens Medal recipients | Introduction
She also received the Peabody Award, the AFI Life Achievement Award, the Kennedy Center Honor, the Cecil B. DeMille Award, the National Medal of Arts, the American Society of Cinematographers Board of Governors Award, and the Presidential Medal of Freedom.
List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards | Barbra Streisand
In 1977, Shouse was presented with the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Gerald Ford, and was awarded the National Medal of Arts in 1994. In 2007, she was inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame. Shouse received myriad other awards, including the Living Legacy Award from the Women's International Center, the Vienna (Austria) Medal of Honor for Assistance to Austrian Youth, and the City of Paris Award (both in 1949). She was the first woman to receive the German Federal Republic's Commander's Cross of Merit (1954), and Shouse was named by Queen Elizabeth II, Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (1976).
Catherine Filene Shouse | Decorations, citations, and honors
Medal recipients were announced by Ted Koppel of ABC News. As of 2019, Chang Díaz, Holborn Gray, Kissinger, and Perlman are the only living members of the Medal of Liberty.
Medal of Liberty | Recipients
Among Kalaw's many awards, the most prestigious was the Mahatma Gandhi Freedom Award which was conferred to her on April 2, 1985 by the Department of Anthropology of the College of William & Mary in Virginia, United States. The award is given annually to outstanding scholars or public figures who, given by personal example, have given meaning and substance to freedom. Among other recipients of the award were her cousin Senator Benigno Aquino Jr., Senator Jovito Salonga, K. R. Narayanan, H. R. Choudry and K. S. Bajpai.
Eva Estrada Kalaw | Awards
In 1949 Halvorsen received the Cheney Award, given by the Air Force to recognize humanitarian action, from General Hoyt S. Vandenberg for the inception of Operation "Little Vittles". Other prominent awards include the Legion of Merit, Ira Baker "Fellow" Award by the USAF Chief of Staff General John Dale Ryan; Air Force Sergeants Association "Americanism" Award (some previous recipients were Bob Hope and President George Bush); Freedom Award from City of Provo, Utah; The Distinguished Humanitarian Award from the Institute of German Relations; the Eric Warburg Preis, 1998; and the Patriot Award from Brigham Young University ROTC. In 2014, Halvorsen became a recipient of the Congressional Gold Medal, the highest award that Congress can give to a civilian.
Gail Halvorsen | Awards
A half-ounce gold commemorative medal was embossed with her portrait by the United States Treasury Department in 1980; and in 1984, she was the first recipient of the Eleanor Roosevelt Human Rights Award of the City of New York. She has been awarded twenty-four honorary doctoral degrees from Howard University, Temple University, Smith College, and many others.
Marian Anderson | Later life