It was she who called for a Great Council in May 1455 that excluded the Yorkist faction headed by Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York, and this provided the spark that ignited a civil conflict that lasted for more than 30 years, decimated the old nobility of England, and caused the deaths of thousands of men, including her only son Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, at the Battle of Tewkesbury in 1471.
Introduction
Margaret of Anjou
Margaret of Anjou | Introduction
The Queen of England and nominally the Queen of France by marriage. She was the Queen of England and nominally Queen of France by marriage to King Henry VI She was the Queen of England and nominally Queen of France. He was the Queen of England and nominally Queen of France by marriage to King Henry VI.
when did the arthurian legends reach their height of popularity
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With the outbreak of the Second World War.
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who was he?
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He was a legendary British leader who, according to medieval histories and romances, led the defence of Britain against Saxon invaders in the late 5th and early 6th centuries.
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who was he married to?
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Sorry. I cannot find the answer based on the context.
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any novel in which his romance tradition is continuing in 20th century?
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"The Once and Future King", "Arthur Rex", and "The Mists of Avalon".
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who was the author of the first one mentioned above?
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T.H.White.
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when was it first published?
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1958.
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has a film ever been made on this?
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Yes, "Camelot".
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any other novel written by the above author?
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"The Sword in the Stone".
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where was he born?
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In Bombay, British India.
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what college did he study from?
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Queens' College, Cambridge.
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when was this college founded?
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1448.
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and by whom?
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By Margaret of Anjou.
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who was she?
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Margaret lived in France for seven years as a poor relation of the king. She was hosted by Francis de Vignolles and died in his castle of Dampierre-sur-Loire, near Anjou on 25 August 1482 at the age of 52. She was entombed next to her parents in Angers Cathedral, but her remains were removed and scattered by revolutionaries who ransacked the cathedral during the French Revolution.
Margaret of Anjou | Death
Margaret of Anjou (; 23 March 1430 – 25 August 1482) was the Queen of England and nominally Queen of France by marriage to King Henry VI from 1445 to 1461 and again from 1470 to 1471. Born in the Duchy of Lorraine into the House of Valois-Anjou, Margaret was the second eldest daughter of René, King of Naples, and Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine. She was one of the principal figures in the series of dynastic civil wars known as the Wars of the Roses and at times personally led the Lancastrian faction. Some of her contemporaries such as the Duke of Suffolk praised "Her valiant courage and undaunted spirit" and Edward Hall describes her personality: "This woman excelled all other, as well in beauty and favour, as in wit and policy, and was of stomach and courage, more like to a man, than a woman." Owing to her husband's frequent bouts of insanity, Margaret ruled the kingdom in his place.
Margaret of Anjou | Introduction
Margaret, Countess of Anjou (1272 – 31 December 1299) was Countess of Anjou and Maine in her own right and Countess of Valois, Alençon, Chartres and Perche by marriage. Margaret's father was King Charles II of Naples, whilst her husband was Charles of Valois, and her older brother was Saint Louis of Toulouse; her nephew was Charles I of Hungary.
Margaret, Countess of Anjou | Introduction
It was she who called for a Great Council in May 1455 that excluded the Yorkist faction headed by Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York, and this provided the spark that ignited a civil conflict that lasted for more than 30 years, decimated the old nobility of England, and caused the deaths of thousands of men, including her only son Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, at the Battle of Tewkesbury in 1471.
Margaret of Anjou | Introduction
In 1472 she was placed in the custody of her former lady-in-waiting Alice Chaucer, Duchess of Suffolk, where she remained until ransomed by Louis XI in 1475.
Margaret of Anjou | Final defeat at Tewkesbury
Marie of Anjou (14 October 1404 – 29 November 1463) was Queen of France as the spouse of King Charles VII from 1422 to 1461. She served as regent and presided over the council of state several times during the absence of the king.
Marie of Anjou | Introduction
Many letters written by Margaret during her tenure as queen consort are still extant. One was written to the Corporation of London regarding injuries inflicted on her tenants at the manor of Enfield, which comprised part of her dower lands. Another letter was written to the Archbishop of Canterbury. Margaret's letters, which typically began with the words "By the Quene," are compiled in a book edited by Cecil Monro, which was published for the Camden Society in 1863.
Margaret of Anjou | Margaret's letters
Loans were taken out by the government in order to pay for the considerable expense of transporting Margaret to England. Solicitation for loans emphasised the role that the marriage, and Margaret herself, would play in seeking peace with France. This was a theme continued throughout the preparations for her wedding. She arrived in England on 9 April 1445, and travelled to London accompanied by various lords and courtiers. She reached London on 28 May, where she was met by the mayor and aldermen of the city. The predicted turnout for her arrival and procession was so large that on 8 May an inspection of roofs and balconies was ordered due to the expectation that spectators would use them as vantage points for her progress.
Margaret of Anjou | Marriage, Concession of Maine, and Subsequent Rule
Margaret was one of seven children born to Amadeus VIII, Count of Savoy and his wife Mary of Burgundy. A few of her siblings included Louis, Duke of Savoy and Mary, Duchess of Milan. Her paternal grandparents were Amadeus VII, Count of Savoy and Bonne of Berry. Her maternal grandparents were Philip the Bold, Duke of Burgundy and Margaret III, Countess of Flanders.
Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Anjou | Family
Warwick's daughter, Anne Neville, was married to Margaret's son Edward, Prince of Wales, in order to cement the alliance, and Margaret insisted that Warwick return to England to prove himself before she followed. He did so, restoring Henry VI briefly to the throne on 3 October 1470.
Margaret of Anjou | Sojourn in France
Margaret was born on 23 March 1430 at Pont-à-Mousson in Lorraine, a fief of the Holy Roman Empire east of France ruled by a cadet branch of the French kings, the House of Valois-Anjou. Margaret was the second daughter of René, King of Naples, and of Isabella, Duchess of Lorraine. She had five brothers and four sisters, as well as three half-siblings from her father's relationships with mistresses. Her father, popularly known as "Good King René", was duke of Anjou and titular king of Naples, Sicily, and Jerusalem; he has been described as "a man of many crowns but no kingdoms".
Margaret of Anjou | Childhood
Margaret was baptised at Toul in Lorraine and, in the care of her father's old nurse Theophanie la Magine, she spent her early years at the castle at Tarascon on the River Rhône in Provence and in the old royal palace at Capua, near Naples in the Kingdom of Sicily. Her mother took care of her education and may have arranged for her to have lessons with the scholar Antoine de la Sale, who taught her brothers. In childhood Margaret was known as "la petite créature". As a child she was interested in French romances and in hunting. Her family included several prominent women who exercised power in politics, war, and administration as regents and queen-lieutenants.
Margaret of Anjou | Childhood
Margaret was a daughter of Charles II of Naples and his queen Mary of Hungary, the daughter of Stephen V of Hungary. Her father ceded to her husband, Charles of Valois, the Counties of Anjou and Maine as her dowry. She married Charles of Valois, a son of Philip III of France, at Corbeil on 16 August 1290. Their children included: Countess Margaret was succeeded by her eldest son.
Margaret, Countess of Anjou | Biography
Within a few months, however, Margaret had regained control of Henry, Parliament was dissolved, the incautious Speaker thrown in prison, and Richard of York retired to Wales for the time being.
Margaret of Anjou | Enmity between Margaret and the Duke of York
Her mother, Isabella of Lorraine, fought wars on behalf of her husband while he was imprisoned and ruled the Duchy of Lorraine by her own right, and her paternal grandmother, Yolande of Aragon, ruled the Duchy of Anjou as regent for her son while Margaret was a child, repelling English military presence and supported the disinherited Dauphin. It has been suggested that this family example informed her later actions as regent for her son. Attitudes to women's exercise of power were different in Western Europe than in England, and England at the time was more opposed to women exercising authority.
Margaret of Anjou | Childhood
She is buried in the basilica of Saint-Denis alongside her spouse.
Marie of Anjou | Queen dowager
In 1290, Margaret married Charles of Valois, the younger brother of king Philip IV of France. He became Count of Anjou in her right.
Counts and dukes of Anjou | <a href="Capetian%20House%20of%20Anjou">House of Anjou</a>
Margaret of Savoy (7 August 1420 – 30 September 1479), was a daughter of Amadeus VIII of Savoy and Mary of Burgundy. By her three illustrious marriages, she held a number of titles, including "Duchess of Anjou", "Duchess of Calabria", "Countess of Maine", "Countess of the Palatinate", and "Countess of Württemberg".
Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Anjou | Introduction
The Lancastrian army was beaten at the Battle of Towton on 29 March 1461 by the son of the late Duke of York, the future Edward IV of England, who deposed King Henry and proclaimed himself king. Margaret was determined to win back her son's inheritance and fled with him into Wales and later Scotland. Finding her way to France, she made an ally of her cousin, King Louis XI of France, and at his instigation she allowed an approach from Edward's former supporter, Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, who had fallen out with his former friend as a result of Edward's marriage to Elizabeth Woodville, and was now seeking revenge for the loss of his political influence.
Margaret of Anjou | Sojourn in France
Her sister-in-law Isabella of France was a witness against her, and Margaret was imprisoned for the last two years of her life, along with her sister-in-law Blanche of Burgundy. Margaret was confined at Château Gaillard and after poor treatment caught a cold and died.
Margaret of Burgundy, Queen of France | Life
After the death of Louis on his second crusade in 1270, during which she remained in France, she returned to Provence. She became a more politically active figure after his death. She was particularly exigent – to the point of raising troops – in defending her rights in Provence, where her husband's brother, Charles of Anjou, maintained his political authority and control of property after his wife's (her sister's) death, contrary to the intentions of the old count, who had died in 1245. She was devoted to her sister Queen Eleanor of England, and they stayed in contact until Eleanor's death in 1291.
Margaret of Provence | Queen Dowager
In the conflict between Henry III and the Malcontents, she took the side of Francis, Duke of Anjou, her younger brother, and this caused the king to have a deep aversion towards her. As Queen of Navarre, Margaret also played a pacifying role in the stormy relations between her husband and the French monarchy. Shuttled back and forth between the two courts, she endeavored to lead a happy conjugal life, but her sterility and the political tensions inherent in the civil conflict led to the end of her marriage. Mistreated by a brother quick to take offence and rejected by a fickle and opportunistic husband, she chose the path of opposition in 1585.
Margaret of Valois | Introduction
Margaret married firstly Louis, Duke of Anjou, the titular King of Naples. He was a son of Louis II of Anjou and Yolande of Aragon. Their first marriage contract is dated on 31 Mar 1431. She became known as the Duchess of Anjou. They had no children, and he died in 1434.
Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Anjou | First
Margaret of Valois (1295–1342) was a French noblewoman. She was a daughter of Charles, Count of Valois, and his first wife, Margaret, Countess of Anjou. She was also a sister of King Philip VI of France. In 1310, she married Guy I, Count of Blois. They had three children together:
Margaret of Valois, Countess of Blois | Introduction
Her ceremonial progress through the city lasted two days, the intervening night spent, by custom, in the Tower of London. It was accompanied by eight theatrical pageants. Five of these pageants concerned the peace with France, casting Margaret as a symbol of, or the agent of, peace. Three spoke of her spiritual role as a redeemer and intercessor. It is uncertain whether these pageants represented a propaganda effort on the part of the Crown or reflected popular sentiment.
Margaret of Anjou | Marriage, Concession of Maine, and Subsequent Rule
In 2018 the Royal Exchange theatre in Manchester premiered "Queen Margaret", using all the lines spoken by Margaret over the four plays with additional material by playwright Jeanie O'Hare. Margaret is the title character of Giacomo Meyerbeer's 1820 opera "Margherita d'Anjou".
Margaret of Anjou | Depictions in fiction
The King of Navarre had to remain outside the cathedral during the mass, where his place was taken by Margaret's brother, the Duke of Anjou.
Margaret of Valois | Vermillion wedding
Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou ( –1026) was, by her successive marriages, countess of Gévaudan and Forez, of Toulouse, of Provence, and of Burgundy, and queen of Aquitaine. She was the regent of Gevaudan during the minority of her sons in the 960s, and the regent of Provence during the minority of her stepson from 994 until 999.
Adelaide-Blanche of Anjou | Introduction
After Henry's death in 1189, she continued to attempt to protect her children's interests by making representations to Henry's heirs.
Emma of Anjou | Introduction
Scene:The highlands of Scotland, c. 1462 The widowed Queen Margherita, whose husband King Henry VI was driven off the throne and then killed in the English Civil War known as the Wars of the Roses, fled to France and has now returned to Britain with an army in an attempt to reclaim the throne on behalf of her son. She and her army met defeat in battle and she has been forced to retreat to the wilderness in Scotland with her remaining supporters. Among them are the French nobleman the Duke of Lavarenne, who fell in love with Margherita while she was in exile in France, and has left his wife to be with her.
Margherita d'Anjou | Synopsis
Margaret met with English envoys at Tours on 4 May 1444, to discuss the marriage. On 24 May, she was formally betrothed to Henry by proxy. Her uncle, Charles VII of France, who may have suggested the marriage as part of the peace effort, was present. The marriage was negotiated principally by William de la Pole, Duke of Suffolk, and the settlement included a remarkably small dowry, consisting of 20,000 francs and the unrealised claim, via Margaret's mother, to the occupied territories of Majorca and Minorca. It also contained the promise of a twenty-three-month truce with France. Opinions were mixed as to the wisdom of the marriage, but the prevailing understanding was that it represented a genuine effort at peace.
Margaret of Anjou | Marriage, Concession of Maine, and Subsequent Rule
Her father died when she was six years old and she grew up under guidance of her mother and Joan I of Navarre, her half-brother King Philip IV's wife.
Margaret of France, Queen of England | Life
In 1445, Margaret next married Louis IV, Count Palatine of the Rhine. He was a son of Louis III, Elector Palatine and his second wife Matilda of Savoy. Margaret became Countess of the Palatinate through this alliance. Their marriage lasted only four years, as Louis died on 13 August 1449. They had one son:
Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Anjou | Second
Over the previous ten years, Margaret had gained a reputation for aggression and ruthlessness, but following her defeat at Tewkesbury and the death of her only son, she was completely broken in spirit. After she was taken captive by William Stanley at the end of the battle, Margaret was imprisoned by the order of King Edward. She was sent first to Wallingford Castle and then was transferred to the more secure Tower of London. Henry VI was also imprisoned in the Tower in the wake of Tewkesbury and he died there on the night of 21 May; the cause of his death is unknown, though regicide was suspected.
Margaret of Anjou | Final defeat at Tewkesbury
Her spouse's victory in the Hundred Years War owed a great deal to the support he received from Marie's family, notably from her mother Yolande of Aragon.
Marie of Anjou | Life
In 1934 she wrote a biography of the 15th century French Duchess Yolande d'Anjou which proved important as she used sources that were lost during the second World War.
Jehanne d'Orliac | Life
Many have speculated that either Edmund Beaufort, 2nd Duke of Somerset, or James Butler, 5th Earl of Ormond, both staunch allies of Margaret, was the young prince's actual father. Although Margaret was aggressively partisan and had a volatile temperament, she shared her husband's love of learning by dint of her cultured upbringing and gave her patronage to the founding of Queens' College, Cambridge. Elizabeth Woodville (born ca 1437), later Queen of England as the wife of Margaret's husband's rival, King Edward IV, purportedly served Margaret of Anjou as a maid of honour. However, the evidence is too scanty to permit historians to establish this with absolute certainty: several women at Margaret's court bore the name Elizabeth or Isabella Grey.
Margaret of Anjou | Birth of a son
Geoffrey Martel primarily refers to Geoffrey II, Count of Anjou (1040–60), but may also refer to:
Geoffrey Martel (disambiguation) | Introduction
Margaret of France (c. 1279 – 14 February 1318) was Queen of England as the second wife of King Edward I. She was a daughter of Philip III of France and Maria of Brabant.
Margaret of France, Queen of England | Introduction
Margaret of Burgundy (; 1290 – 30 April 1315) was Queen of France and Navarre as the first wife of Louis X of France (and Louis I of Navarre) .
Margaret of Burgundy, Queen of France | Introduction
In 1889, she was sent as representative of the "Associated Press" to the International Exposition at Paris. She was the first woman who ever represented the press at an international council. When she and her companion presented themselves at the council room, the French official refused them tickets of admission. "But, madam, you are a woman," he said in explanation. "Yes, and in monsieur, I expect to find a gentleman," she answered. The official went on to explain that a woman had never sat at such a gathering, and that it was impossible for him to allow her to enter.
Margaret Frances Sullivan | Paris
Thirdly, she married in Stuttgart 11 November 1453 Ulrich V, Count of Württemberg. They were both the other's third spouses. She added the title Countess of Württemberg to her many titles through this alliance. From this marriage they had the following children: Margaret died on 30 September 1479.
Margaret of Savoy, Duchess of Anjou | Third
Margaret was descended from a noble line. According to the "Chroniques romanes des comtes de Foix", and to the writing of Pierre de Guibours (called Père Anselme de Sainte-Marie or more briefly Père Anselme), she was the second-born daughter of Gaston VII, Viscount of Béarn (1225 – 1290), and the Countess of Bigorre, Martha, Viscountess of Marsan, who, in turn, was a daughter of Boson of Marsan, Count of Bigorre, and his wife Petronilla, Countess of Bigorre. Her father, Gaston VII of Béarn, was the son of William II, Viscount of Béarn, and his wife, Garsenda, daughter of Alfonso II of Provence and Garsenda of Forcalquier.
Margaret of Béarn | Brief heritage
Marie of Blois (1345-1404) was a daughter of Joanna, Duchess of Brittany and Charles, Duke of Brittany. Through marriage to Louis I, Duke of Anjou, she became Duchess of Anjou, Countess of Maine, Duchess of Touraine, titular Queen of Naples and Jerusalem and Countess of Provence.
Marie of Blois, Duchess of Anjou | Introduction
Cassani Pironti, Fabio. "Bref crayon généalogique de S.A.R. la Princesse Marie-Marguerite, Duchesse d'Anjou, née Vargas Santaella", Le Lien Légitimiste, n. 16, 2007.
Marie Marguerite, Duchess of Anjou | Bibliography
Margaret of France (1254–1271) was a daughter of Louis IX of France and his wife Margaret of Provence. She was a member of the House of Capet and was Duchess of Brabant by her marriage to John I, Duke of Brabant.
Margaret of France, Duchess of Brabant | Introduction
Some sources refer to Margaret of Anjou as Queen of France, but her right to enjoy that title is disputed. She was briefly recognized only in English-controlled territories of France. (See also: Dual monarchy of England and France)
List of French consorts | House of Lancaster
After retiring from London to live in lavish state at Greenwich, Margaret was occupied with the care of her young son and did not display any signs of political will until she believed her husband was threatened with deposition by the ambitious Richard of York, 3rd Duke of York, who, to her consternation, had been appointed Lord Protector while Henry was mentally incapacitated from 1453 to 1454. The duke was a credible claimant to the English throne and by the end of his protectorship there were many powerful nobles and relatives prepared to back his claim. The Duke of York was powerful; Henry's advisers corrupt; Henry himself trusting, pliable, and increasingly unstable; Margaret defiantly unpopular, grimly and gallantly determined to maintain the English crown for her progeny.
Margaret of Anjou | Enmity between Margaret and the Duke of York
1527–1547: Françoise d'Anjou, daughter of preceding
Counts of Dammartin | House of Anjou-Mézières
The county then returned to his brother, Agnes' stepson Odo, who was already Duke of Gascony. He went to war against Agnes, her husband and sons. Odo was killed at the battle at Mauzé.
Agnes of Burgundy, Duchess of Aquitaine | Second marriage: Countess of Anjou
Her immediate contemporary was Barbara Villiers, mistress of King Charles II of England. She is an ancestress of several royal houses in Europe, including those of Spain, Italy, Bulgaria, Portugal, Belgium, and Luxembourg.
Françoise-Athénaïs de Rochechouart, Marquise de Montespan | Introduction
Margaret of Joinville (; 1354–1418) was a French noblewoman. From 1365 until her death, she was the ruling Lady of Joinville and Countess of Vaudémont.
Margaret of Joinville | Introduction
Edmund Beaufort (Somerset), the Earl of Northumberland and Lord Clifford were killed, Wiltshire fled the battlefield and King Henry was taken prisoner by the victorious Duke of York. In March 1458 along with her husband and leading nobles of the warring factions, she took part in The Love Day procession in London. In 1459, hostilities resumed at the Battle of Blore Heath, where James Tuchet, 5th Baron Audley, was defeated by a Yorkist army under Richard Neville, 5th Earl of Salisbury.
Margaret of Anjou | Leader of Lancastrian faction
Margaret of Provence (; 1221 – 20 December 1295) was Queen of France by marriage to King Louis IX.
Margaret of Provence | Introduction
Marie Marguerite, Duchess of Anjou ("née" María Margarita Vargas Santaella; born 21 October 1983) is a Venezuelan heiress and wife of Louis Alphonse of Bourbon, Duke of Anjou, who is considered by Legitimists to be the head of the French Royal House, making her the Legitimist titular Queen Consort of France and Navarre.
Marie Marguerite, Duchess of Anjou | Introduction
Lady Jane Grey (c. 1537-1554) "the Nine Days' Queen", was a member of this family.
Anchetil de Greye | Introduction
Margaret of Valois described her in her memoirs as "a wise and virtuous lady greatly attached to the Catholic religion", and pointed out her as the reason to why she never converted to Protestantism despite encouragement by her brother the duke of Anjou, who use to gave her:
Charlotte de Curton | Biography
She repeated her claim, this time for the entire principality, on the death of her sister Isabella in 1312. Margaret's claim rested on her interpretation of the Treaty of Viterbo, which stipulated the creation of such a fief, but only for a male descendant of William II. A later document dated to 1344 also asserts that William had included in his will the stipulation that Margaret would inherit her sister, if the latter died childless, but Isabella had two daughters. In addition, when Charles of Anjou gave the Principality to Isabella in 1289, he explicitly limited her heirs to her own descendants.
Margaret of Villehardouin | Biography
Jeanne d'Auvergne, also Joanna or Joan of Auvergne, is the name of:
Jeanne d'Auvergne | Introduction
Margaret of Nevers (; December 1393 – February 1442), also known as Margaret of Burgundy, was Dauphine of France and Duchess of Guyenne as the daughter-in-law of King Charles VI of France. A pawn in the dynastic struggles between her family and in-laws during the Hundred Years' War, Margaret was regarded as the future Queen of France at two separate times, as a result of her two marriages: first to the Dauphin and second to the Duke of Brittany.
Margaret of Nevers | Introduction
Margaret was born in Casale to William IX of Montferrat and his wife Anne of Alençon. Her mother was the third child of René, Duke of Alençon and his second wife Margaret of Lorraine, daughter of Frederick, Count of Vaudémont and Yolande of Valois-Anjou. Margaret's maternal grandfather died two days after the birth of Anne. Margaret's paternal grandparents were Bonifacio III of Montferrat and Maria of Serbia. Margaret was the second of three children. Her elder sister was Maria Paleologa, who died when she was 21 years of age and her younger brother was Boniface IV of Montferrat, who died when he was only 18 years of age.
Margaret Paleologa | Family
In this battle, she defeated the Yorkist forces of Richard Neville, 16th Earl of Warwick, and recaptured her husband. After this battle, in a blatant act of vengeance, she ordered the execution of two Yorkist prisoners of war, William Bonville, 1st Baron Bonville, and Sir Thomas Kyriell, who had kept watch over King Henry to keep him out of harm's way during the battle. The king had promised the two knights immunity, but Margaret gainsaid him and ordered their execution by decapitation. It is alleged that she put the men on trial with her son presiding. "Fair son", she allegedly asked, "what death shall these knights die?" Prince Edward replied that their heads should be cut off, despite the king's pleas for mercy.
Margaret of Anjou | Early campaigns
Margaret of Valois (, 14 May 1553 – 27 March 1615) was a French princess of the Valois dynasty who became queen consort of Navarre and later also of France. By her marriage to Henry III of Navarre (later Henry IV of France), she was queen of Navarre and then France at her husband's 1589 accession to the latter throne. Margaret was the daughter of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici and the sister of kings Francis II, Charles IX and Henry III. Her union with the king of Navarre, which had been intended to contribute to the reconciliation of Roman Catholics and Protestant Huguenots in France, was tarnished six days after the marriage ceremony by the St Bartholomew's Day massacre and the resumption of the French Wars of Religion.
Margaret of Valois | Introduction
Margaret of Artois (1285–1311) was the eldest child of Philip of Artois and his wife, Blanche of Brittany. She was a member of the House of Artois. She was married to Louis d'Évreux. By her marriage, Margaret was Countess consort of Évreux.
Margaret of Artois | Introduction
Matilda of Anjou, also known as Mahaut ( – 1154) was married in 1119 to William Adelin, son and heir apparent of Henry I of England.
Matilda of Anjou | Introduction
Margaret was a member of the ducal House of Burgundy, a branch of the Capetian dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of Robert II, Duke of Burgundy (1248–1306) and Agnes of France (1260–1327), the youngest daughter of Louis IX of France and Margaret of Provence. In 1305, Margaret married her first cousin once removed, Louis I, King of Navarre, who in November 1314 ascended to the French throne as Louis X of France. They had one daughter, Joan (born 1312, died 1349). Early in 1314, Margaret was allegedly caught in an act of adultery in the Tour de Nesle Affair.
Margaret of Burgundy, Queen of France | Life
Joan of Valois (c. 1294 – 7 March 1342) was a Countess consort of Hainaut, Holland, and Zeeland. She was the second eldest daughter of the French prince Charles, Count of Valois, and his first wife, Margaret, Countess of Anjou. As the sister of King Philip VI of France and the mother-in-law of Edward III, she was ideally placed to act as mediator between them.
Joan of Valois, Countess of Hainaut | Introduction
General Belmonte, who had switched allegiance from Margherita to Gloucester, returns to her service and Riccardo is defeated. The Queen and her son are saved, and the penitent Duke of Lavarenne returns to his forgiving wife.
Margherita d'Anjou | Synopsis
Philippe of Anjou ("Philippe d'Anjou") may refer to:
Philippe of Anjou | Introduction
The French government commissioned a substitute of Margaret of Anjou for 7,000 francs from Taluet, who completed it in 1877. It was exhibited at the 1895 Salon. Clockwise starting at the northeast, the figures are:
Reines de France et Femmes illustres | Introduction
Blanche of Anjou (1280 – 14 October 1310) was Queen of Aragon as the second spouse of King James II. She was a member of the Capetian House of Anjou, she is also known as "Blanche of Naples". She served as Regent or "Queen-Lieutenant" of Aragon during the absence of her spouse in 1310.
Blanche of Anjou | Introduction
She was born in Perth, Scotland to James I of Scotland and Joan Beaufort, a cousin of Henry V of England. Margaret was the first of six daughters and twin sons born to her parents (her surviving brother, James, would become James II of Scotland at six years old).
Margaret Stewart, Dauphine of France | Early life
With the arrival of royal troops, Margaret had to flee precipitously. Refusing her mother's pleas that she move to a royal manor, she retreated to her lofty and impregnable fortress of Carlat with Jean de Lard de Galard, "seigneur" d'Aubiac, her pretended lover, whom she appointed captain of her guards. After a year, probably due to the approach of royal troops, Margaret took refuge in the castle of Ibois, a little to the north of Auvergne, as proposed to her by her mother. But she found herself besieged by the royal troops who seized the fortress. She waited nearly a month for a decision on her fate.
Margaret of Valois | Rebellion and exile
Ermengarde of Anjou (ca. 1068 – 1 June 1146) was a member of the comital House of Anjou and by her two marriages was successively Duchess of Aquitaine and Brittany. Also, she was a patron of Fontevraud Abbey. Ermengarde was the regent of Brittany during the absence of her spouse from 1096 until 1101.
Ermengarde of Anjou (d. 1146) | Introduction
Margaret was the daughter of Count Thierry of Flanders and Sibylla of Anjou. In 1160 she married Count Ralph II of Vermandois. Due to his leprosy, the marriage could not be consummated and remained childless. He died of leprosy in 1167 without issue. In 1169 she married Count Baldwin V of Hainaut, a scion of the House of Flanders.
Margaret I, Countess of Flanders | Early life
When Louis found out about the oath, he immediately asked the pope to excuse Philip from the vow on the grounds that he himself had not authorized it, and the pope immediately obliged, ending Margaret's attempt to make herself a second Blanche of Castile. Margaret subsequently failed as well to influence her nephew Edward I of England to avoid a marriage project for one of his daughters that would promote the interests in her native Provence of her brother-in-law, Charles of Anjou, who had married her youngest sister Beatrice.
Margaret of Provence | Political significance
Margaret of France (, ; 1158 – 18 September 1197) was queen of England by marriage to Henry the Young King, and queen of Hungary and Croatia by marriage to Béla III of Hungary.
Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary | Introduction
The coronet he and she would have worn was chronicled in about 1218 as "the traditional ring-of-roses coronet of the house of Anjou". Margaret may have taken her coronet to Hungary in 1186 when she married King Bela III. A ring-of-roses coronet was discovered in a convent grave in Budapest in 1838, which may be the same one.
Margaret of France, Queen of England and Hungary | Queen of England
Margaret of Louvain (also known as Marguerite la Fière; 1207–1225) was a servant who is venerated in the Roman Catholic Church.
Margaret of Louvain | Introduction
Margaret (floruit 1249–55) was the Lady of Caesarea. She was the eldest daughter and heiress of John of Caesarea and Alice de Montaigu, and both of her parents came from the upper echelons of the nobility of Outremer. Margaret was the second lady to inherit Caesarea, after her great-grandmother Juliana.
Margaret of Caesarea | Introduction
Among the few guests was the French queen consort Catherine de' Medici who sat by herself, weeping. King Henry died the following day.
Margaret of Valois, Duchess of Berry | Marriage
Margaret was the youngest daughter of Frederick II, Count of Vaudémont and Yolande d'Anjou. She lost her father when she was the age of seven, and was brought up at Aix-en-Provence by her grandfather René of Anjou. When latter died in 1480, she was sent back to Lorraine to her brother, René II. He arranged her marriage to René, Duke of Alençon, whom she wed in Toul on 14 May 1488. Born: 1463 in Vaudémont Castle, Lorraine, France Died: 2 November at Argentan, Brittany, France because of natural causes Beatified: 10 March 1921 by Pope Benedict XV Alençon and Margaret had three children:
Margaret of Lorraine | Marriage and children
Maurer bases this conclusion on a judicious study of Margaret's pattern of presenting gifts; this revealed that Margaret took a great deal of care to demonstrate that she favoured both York and Edmund Beaufort (Somerset) equally in the early 1450s. Maurer also claims that Margaret appeared to accept York's protectorship and asserts there is no substantial evidence to back up the long-standing belief that she was responsible for the Yorkists' exclusion from the Great Council following Henry's recovery (see below). The late historian Paul Murray Kendall, on the other hand, maintained that Margaret's allies Edmund Beaufort (Somerset) and William de la Pole, then Earl of Suffolk, had no difficulty in persuading her that York, until then one of Henry VI's most trusted advisers, was responsible for her unpopularity and already too powerful to be trusted.
Margaret of Anjou | Enmity between Margaret and the Duke of York
In 1461, Charles VII died and was succeeded by their son Louis XI, making Marie queen dowager. She was granted the Chateau of Amboise and the income from Brabant by her son. During the winter of 1462-63, Marie of Anjou made a pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. It has been speculated that she had a mission in Spain as secret ambassador for her son, due to the political situation at the time and the fact that she made the pilgrimage during winter time, when the roads were so bad that such trips were normally avoided if possible. She died at the age of 59 on 29 November 1463 at the Cistercian Abbaye de Chateliers-en-Poitou (now in Nouvelle-Aquitaine region) on her return.
Marie of Anjou | Queen dowager
She took the side of the Catholic League and was forced to live in Auvergne in an exile which lasted twenty years. In 1599, she consented to a "royal divorce" – i.e. the annulment of the marriage – but only after the payment of a generous compensation.
Margaret of Valois | Introduction
Born in Angers she was the eldest child of Count Fulk IV of Anjou but the only one born by his first wife, Hildegarde of Beaugency. Having lost her mother in 1070, at only two years of age, she received a good education and grew to be pious and concerned about religious reform, especially the struggle against the secular appropriation of church property. She was also noted for her beauty in her youth.
Ermengarde of Anjou (d. 1146) | Early years
Margaret Haydock (Sr. Stanislaus, O.S.A.; 1767? - 1854) was a Roman Catholic nun and teacher, whose life exemplified the plight of English Catholic nuns in exile on the Continent during the French Revolution.
Margaret Haydock | Introduction
Joan of France (; 4 May 1435 – 1482) was the seventh child and fourth daughter of Charles VII of France and Marie of Anjou. She married John II, Duke of Bourbon, in 1447. They had no children.
Joan of France, Duchess of Bourbon | Introduction
Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou, also called Ermengarde of Anjou ( - ), was the Countess of Rennes, Regent of Brittany (992–994) and also Countess of Angoulême.
Ermengarde-Gerberga of Anjou | Introduction
With Louis IX of France eleven children were born:
Margaret of Provence | Issue
Margaret is a major character in William Shakespeare's first tetralogy of History plays. "Henry VI, Part 1", "Part 2", "Part 3" and "Richard III". She is the only character to appear alive in all four plays, but due to the length of the plays many of her lines are usually cut in modern adaptations. Shakespeare portrays Margaret as an intelligent, ruthless woman who easily dominates her husband and fiercely vies for power with her enemies. In "Henry VI, Part 2" Margaret has an affair with the Duke of Suffolk and mourns his death by carrying around his severed head. In "Henry VI, Part 3" she personally stabs the Duke of York on the battlefield after humiliatingly taunting him, and becomes suicidal when her son Edward is killed in front of her.
Margaret of Anjou | Depictions in fiction
The house began in the 1350s, when King John II of France, of the House of Valois line of Capetians, came to power. His paternal grandmother, Margaret, Countess of Anjou and Maine, had been a princess of the Capetian House of Anjou or Elder Angevin Dynasty. She was the eldest daughter of king Charles II of Naples and gave the county, and then duchy of Anjou to the second son of king John II of France, Louis. Within a couple of decades, Queen Joan I of Naples, also of the senior Angevin line, realized that she would remain childless. Although there were extant heirs of the senior branch, for example, the Anjou-Durazzo cadet line, she decided to adopt Louis as her final heir.
House of Valois-Anjou | History
Jeanne de Laval (10 November 1433 – 19 December 1498), was the second wife and Queen consort of René I of Anjou, King of Naples, Sicily, titular King of Jerusalem, Aragon, and Majorca; Duke of Anjou, Bar, and Lorraine; and Count of Provence and Piedmont.
Jeanne de Laval | Introduction
Her aim was to have her brother-in-law in Suratte buy them.
Joan Maetsuycker | Introduction
Second instance was when a clerk wanted to know from her whether the death of the Duke of Anjou is advantageous for the cause of the Church.
Constance de Rabastens | Politics
While Margaret was attempting to raise further support for the Lancastrian cause in Scotland, her principal commander, Henry Beaufort, 3rd Duke of Somerset, gained a major victory for her at the Battle of Wakefield on 30 December 1460 by defeating the combined armies of the Duke of York and the Earl of Salisbury. Both men were beheaded and their heads displayed on the gates of the city of York. As Margaret was in Scotland at the time of the battle, it was impossible that she issued the orders for their execution, despite popular belief to the contrary. Next was the Second Battle of St Albans (at which she was present) on 17 February 1461.
Margaret of Anjou | Early campaigns
She was the fourth daughter of Charles, Duke of Durazzo (1323–1348), and Maria of Calabria, but the only one to have children; her legitimate line of descent, as well as the century-old Capetian House of Anjou, ended with her daughter. In February 1369, Margaret married her paternal first cousin Charles of Durazzo. He was a son of Louis of Durazzo, another son of John, Duke of Durazzo, and his second wife Agnes de Périgord. The bride was twenty-two years old and the groom twenty-four.
Margaret of Durazzo | Life
In act 5 scene 6, Joan of Arc is condemned to be burnt alive, but no mention is made of her trial (1431). In the first scene of "Henry VI part 2", King Henry VI of England marries Margaret of Anjou in 1445, of the House of Valois, niece to King Charles VII, arranged by the marquis of Suffolk, William de la Pole, 1st Duke of Suffolk as a way to influence the young king through her. In the marriage contract, the English lose the duchy of Anjou and the county of Maine and no dowry is given (Treaty of Tours, 1445).
French history in the English-speaking theatre | Charles VII
She is also known as a correspondent of Françoise de Graffigny.
Béatrice du Han de Martigny | Introduction
Margaret was born in 1310, the second daughter of Joan II, Countess of Burgundy, and the future King Philip V of France. Her father ascended the throne in 1316, following the death of her infant first cousin King John I.
Margaret I, Countess of Burgundy | Life