Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull is a 2008 American action-adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and the fourth installment in the "Indiana Jones" series. Released nineteen years after the previous film, the film is set in 1957, pitting Indiana Jones (Harrison Ford) against Soviet agents led by Irina Spalko (Cate Blanchett)—searching for a telepathic crystal skull. Jones is aided by his former lover, Marion Ravenwood (Karen Allen), and their son, Mutt Williams (Shia LaBeouf). Ray Winstone, John Hurt, and Jim Broadbent are also part of the supporting cast. Screenwriters Jeb Stuart, Jeffrey Boam, Frank Darabont, and Jeff Nathanson wrote drafts before David Koepp's script satisfied the producers.
Introduction
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Introduction
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when was kingdom of the crystal skull filmed
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2008
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what is its genre?
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The filmmakers intended to pay tribute to the science fiction B-movies of the 1950s era. Shooting began on June 18, 2007, at various locations in New Mexico, New Haven, Connecticut, Hawaii, and Fresno, California, as well as on sound stages in Los Angeles. To maintain aesthetic continuity with the previous films, the crew relied on traditional stunt work instead of computer-generated stunt doubles, and cinematographer Janusz Kamiński studied Douglas Slocombe's style from the previous films. The film premiered at the 2008 Cannes Film Festival on May 18, 2008, and was released worldwide on May 22, 2008. It received generally positive reviews from critics but mixed reception among fans of the franchise.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Introduction
Sperling Reich, writing for FilmStew.com, said: "It really looked like they were going through the motions. It really looked like no one had their heart in it." "USA Today" stated reviews were "mixed" and reviewers felt the "movie suffers from predictable plot points and cheesy special effects."
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Critical reception
Surveys conducted by CinemaScore indicated an average rating of "B" from audiences, on an A+ to F scale, down from the previous film's "A". Roger Ebert gave the film three and a half stars out of four, the same rating he gave "The Last Crusade", finding it "same old, same old", but what "I "want" it to be", particularly as "a lover of pulp fiction": "What I want is goofy action—lots of it. I want man-eating ants, swordfights between two people balanced on the backs of speeding jeeps, caverns of gold, vicious femme fatales, plunges down three waterfalls in a row, and the explanation for flying saucers.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Critical reception
In 2008, Random House commissioned Rollins to write the novelization of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008), the eponymous, American adventure science fiction film. This is the fourth film in the "Indiana Jones" franchise, created by George Lucas and directed by Steven Spielberg.
James Rollins | "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008)
I like that families really embraced it." Although Spielberg said "I'm very happy with the movie. I always have been", he also said "I sympathize with people who didn't like the MacGuffin [the interdimensional beings] because I never liked the MacGuffin."
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Audience reception and legacy
cinemas to the format. "The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" is also notable for being the last film in the series to be distributed by Paramount, as Walt Disney Studios will release the upcoming fifth film, since its parent company's acquisition of Lucasfilm in 2012.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Release
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull is a 2008 American action-adventure film directed by Steven Spielberg and the fourth installment in the "Indiana Jones" series. Released nineteen years after the previous film, the film is set in 1957, pitting Indiana Jones (Harrison Ford) against Soviet agents led by Irina Spalko (Cate Blanchett)—searching for a telepathic crystal skull. Jones is aided by his former lover, Marion Ravenwood (Karen Allen), and their son, Mutt Williams (Shia LaBeouf). Ray Winstone, John Hurt, and Jim Broadbent are also part of the supporting cast. Screenwriters Jeb Stuart, Jeffrey Boam, Frank Darabont, and Jeff Nathanson wrote drafts before David Koepp's script satisfied the producers.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Introduction
In early April 2020, it was reported that the film's release date was delayed to July 29, 2022 due to the COVID-19 pandemic's impact on the film industry.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Sequel
Critics praised the film for the visual effects, performances, action scenes, John Williams' musical score, and the costume design, but criticized the dialogue, storyline, pacing, and overuse of CGI. It was also a financial success like the previous three films in the series, grossing over $790 million worldwide, becoming the franchise's highest-grossing film when not adjusted for inflation, as well as the second-highest-grossing film of 2008. A fifth film is scheduled for release on July 29, 2022, with Ford set to reprise his role.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Introduction
Unlike the previous Indiana Jones films, Spielberg shot the entire film in the United States, stating he did not want to be away from his family. Shooting began on June 18, 2007, in Deming, New Mexico. An extensive chase scene set at the fictional Marshall College was filmed between June 28 and July 7 at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut (where Spielberg's son Theo was studying). To keep in line with the fact the story takes place in the 1950s, several facades were changed, although signs were put up in between shots to tell the public what the store or restaurant actually was.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Filming
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" "(Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the film score to the 2008 film of the same name, composed and conducted by John Williams. Returning to record the score was the contracted orchestra of Sandy de Crescent: a.k.a. the Hollywood Studio Orchestra. The soundtrack album was released on May 20, 2008.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (soundtrack) | Introduction
Scholastic featured Indiana and Mutt on the covers of "Scholastic News" and "Scholastic Maths", to the concern of parents, though Jack Silbert, editor of the latter, felt the film would interest children in archaeology.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Marketing
The film was released on Blu-ray Disc and DVD in North America on October 14, 2008, and in the UK on November 10. This release includes a two-disc edition Blu-ray, a two-disc special-edition DVD, and a one-disc edition DVD. The film made its worldwide television premiere on USA on December 9, 2010. On September 18, 2012, it was re-released on Blu-ray as part of "Indiana Jones: The Complete Adventures". Several collectible editions have also been released. As of October 16, 2013, the film has made $117,239,631 in revenue.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Home media
After surviving three waterfalls in an amphibious vehicle, Jones and Oxley identify a skull-like rock formation that leads them to Akator, unaware that Mac lied about being a CIA agent and has been dropping transceivers to allow the surviving Russians to track them.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Plot
Nearly 20 years later "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" was novelized by James Rollins based on the script by David Koepp based on the story by George Lucas and Jeff Nathanson and published May 2008 by Ballantine Books. In addition, in 2008 to accompany the release of "Kingdom of Skulls", Scholastic Books published juvenile novelizations of the four scripts written, successively in the order above, by Ryder Windham, Suzanne Weyn, Ryder Windham, and James Luceno. All these books have been reprinted, with "Raiders of the Lost Ark" being retitled "Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Ark".
Indiana Jones (character) | Movie tie-in novelizations
Filming moved to Chandler Field in Fresno, California, substituting for Mexico City International Airport, on October 11, 2007. After shooting aerial shots of Chandler Airport and a DC-3 on the morning of October 12, 2007, filming wrapped. Although he originally found no need for re-shoots after viewing his first cut of the film, Spielberg decided to add an establishing shot filmed on February 29, 2008, in Pasadena, California.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Filming
John Williams began composing the score in October 2007; ten days of recording sessions wrapped on March 6, 2008, at Sony Pictures Studios. Williams described composing for the Indiana Jones universe again as "like sitting down and finishing a letter that you started 25 years ago". He reused Indiana's theme ("The Raiders March") and also Marion's from "Raiders of the Lost Ark", and also composed five new motifs for Mutt, Spalko and the skull. Williams gave Mutt's a swashbuckling feel, and homaged film noir and 1950s B-movies for Spalko and the crystal skull respectively. The movie's first scene is accompanied by Elvis Presley's 1956 version of "Hound Dog", arguably the biggest hit of the movie's era, and an RIAA-certified 4× Platinum recording.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Music
John Rhys-Davies was asked to reprise his role as Sallah as a guest in the wedding scene. He turned it down as he felt his character deserved a more substantial role.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Cast
"Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" received strongly polarized but mostly positive reviews; as a result, it has been nominated both for numerous "best of" and "worst of" awards. Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a rating of 78% based on 273 reviews, with an average rating of 6.94/10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Though the plot elements are certainly familiar, "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" still delivers the thrills and Harrison Ford's return in the title role is more than welcome." Metacritic, gives the film a weighted average rating of 65 out of 100, based on 40 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Critical reception
It includes elements from the fourth film, "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull".
Indiana Jones: The Pinball Adventure | Introduction
A number of production photos and sensitive documents pertaining to the film's production budget were also stolen from Spielberg's production office. The Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department set up a sting operation after being alerted by a webmaster that the thief might try to sell the photos. On October 4, 2007, the seller, 37-year-old Roderick Eric Davis, was arrested. He pleaded guilty to two felony counts and was sentenced to two years and four months in prison.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Secrecy
Producer Frank Marshall stated in 2003 that the film would use traditional stunt work so as to be consistent with the previous films. CGI was used to remove the visible safety wires on the actors when they did their stunts (such as when Indy swings on a lamp with his whip). Timed explosives were used for a scene where Indiana drives a truck through crates. During the take, an explosive failed to detonate and landed in the seat beside Ford. It did not go off and he was not injured. Spielberg stated before production began that very few CGI effects would be used to maintain consistency with the other films.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Effects
The film was nominated for Best Action Movie at the 2009 Critics' Choice Awards. The Visual Effects Society nominated it for Best Single Visual Effect of the Year (the valley destruction), Best Outstanding Matte Paintings, Best Models and Miniatures, and Best Created Environment in a Feature Motion Picture (the inside of the temple). The film ranks 453rd on "Empire"s 2008 list of the 500 greatest movies of all time. It was nominated at the Saturn Awards for Best Science Fiction Film, Best Director, Best Actor, Best Supporting Actor, Best Costumes and Best Special Effects. It won Best Costumes. At the 51st Grammy Awards, John Williams won an award for the Mutt Williams theme.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Accolades
Like most of John Williams' soundtracks, the tracks are not listed in the order they appear in the film. To listen to the soundtrack in chronological order would go 6, 8, 7, 12, 14, 11, 9, 5, 10, 16, 15, 13, 17, 18, and 19 along with 1 - 4 as bonus tracks heard in concert theme. The soundtrack debuted on the "Billboard" 200 at number 39 during its first week.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (soundtrack) | Track listing
The director of the Institute of Archaeology of Belize, Dr. Jaime Awe, sued Lucasfilm, Disney and Paramount Pictures on behalf of the country Belize for using the Mitchell-Hedges skull's "likeness" in the film.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Lawsuit
In 2008, the film won the Razzie Award for Worst Prequel, Remake, Rip-off or Sequel. Comcast voted it the 11th-worst film sequel of all time. "Paste" magazine ranked the movie 10th on its list "The 20 Worst Sequels to Good Movies". Listverse.com ranked the film 8th on its list of the "Top 10 Worst Movie Sequels".
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Accolades
The fourth film is set in 1957, nineteen years after "The Last Crusade". Indiana is having a quiet life teaching before being thrust into a new adventure. He races against agents of the Soviet Union, led by Irina Spalko (Cate Blanchett) for a crystal skull. His journey takes him across Nevada, Connecticut, Peru, and the Amazon rainforest in Brazil. Indiana is faced with betrayal by one of his best friends, Mac (Ray Winstone), is introduced to a greaser named Mutt Williams (Shia LaBeouf), who turns out to be his son (his real name revealed to be Henry Jones III), and is reunited with, and eventually marries, Marion Ravenwood, who was introduced in the first movie.
Indiana Jones | "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008)
As an in-joke, Williams incorporated a measure and a half of Johannes Brahms' "Academic Festival Overture" when Indiana and Mutt crash into the library. The soundtrack features a Continuum, an instrument often used for sound effects instead of music. The Concord Music Group released the soundtrack on May 20, 2008. In 2012, LS Scores Media released a complete version of the score on a 2-Disc CD.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Music
Lucasfilm used the same prop from "Raiders of the Lost Ark". Guards were hired to protect the highly sought-after piece of film memorabilia during the day of its use. A replica of the staff carried by Charlton Heston in "The Ten Commandments" was also used to populate the set to illustrate the Hangar's history.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Design
It was also an experimentation ground in digital effects for Lucasfilm. The original broadcast versions of some episodes were briefly released in Japan on laserdisc in 1993 and on VHS in 1994. However, Lucas drastically reedited and restructured the show for its worldwide home video release. Major structural changes were made, including the complete removal of the 'bookend' sections narrated by the 93-year-old Jones, and the editing of all the one-hour episodes together into two-hour episodes. Approximately half of the series was released on VHS in various markets around the world in 1999, but the entire series was not released until its DVD debut, in a series of three boxsets released from 2007 to 2008, to tie in with the theatrical debut of "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull".
Indiana Jones | Television
Lucas and Spielberg had also wanted to keep Karen Allen's return a secret until the film's release, but decided to confirm it at the 2007 Comic-Con. An extra in the film, Tyler Nelson, violated his nondisclosure agreement in an interview with the "Edmond Sun" on September 17, 2007, which was then picked up by the mainstream media. It is unknown if he remained in the final cut. At Nelson's request, "The Edmond Sun" subsequently pulled the story from its website. On October 2, 2007, a Superior Court order was filed finding that Nelson knowingly violated the agreement. The terms of the settlement were not disclosed.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Secrecy
Indiana Jones is an American media franchise based on the adventures of Dr. Henry Walton "Indiana" Jones, Jr., a fictional professor of archaeology, that began in 1981 with the film "Raiders of the Lost Ark". In 1984, a prequel, "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom", was released, and in 1989, a sequel, "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade". A fourth film followed in 2008, titled "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". A fifth film is in development and is provisionally scheduled to be released in 2022. The series was created by George Lucas and stars Harrison Ford as Indiana Jones.
Indiana Jones | Introduction
"The Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" premiered at the Cannes Film Festival on May 18, 2008, a couple of days ahead of its worldwide May 21–23 release. It was the first Spielberg film since 1982's "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial" to premiere at Cannes. The film was released in approximately 4,000 theaters in the United States, and dubbed into 25 languages for its worldwide release. More than 12,000 release prints were distributed, which is the largest in Paramount Pictures' history. Although Spielberg insisted his films only be watched traditionally at theaters, Paramount chose to release the film in digital cinemas as part of a scheme to convert 10,000 U.S.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Release
Other episodes would have filled in the blanks between existing ones ("Le Havre, June 1916", "Berlin, Late August, 1916"), and there would even have been some adventures starring a five-year-old Indy (including "Princeton, May 1905"). During production of the series, Lucas became interested with the crystal skulls. He originally called for an episode which would have been part of the third season involving Jones and his friend Belloq searching for one of the skulls. The episode was never produced, and the idea ultimately evolved into the 2008 feature film "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull".
The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles | Writing
Spielberg and Janusz Kamiński, who has shot all of the director's films since 1993's "Schindler's List", reviewed the previous films to study Douglas Slocombe's style. "I didn't want Janusz to modernize and bring us into the 21st century", Spielberg explained. "I still wanted the film to have a lighting style not dissimilar to the work Doug Slocombe had achieved, which meant that both Janusz and I had to swallow our pride. Janusz had to approximate another cinematographer's look, and I had to approximate this younger director's look that I thought I had moved away from after almost two decades." Spielberg also hired production designer Guy Hendrix Dyas after admiring his design work for "Superman Returns".
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Design
And throw in lots of monkeys." Leonard Maltin also gave the film 3½ stars out of 4, more than he gave "Temple of Doom" and "Last Crusade, "and wrote that "Indy returns with the same brand of high adventure that marked the original "Raiders of the Lost Ark."" "Empire"'s Damon Wise criticized the use of CG but praised Ford's performance and wrote that "It won't change your life but, if you're in the right frame of mind, it will change your mood: you might wince, you might groan, you might beg to differ on the big, silly climax, but you'll never stop smiling." James Berardinelli gave the film 2 stars out of 4, calling it "the most lifeless of the series" and "simply [not] a very good motion picture." Margaret Pomeranz of "At the Movies" gave the film 2½ stars out of 5, saying that the filmmakers "had 19 years since the last Indiana Jones movie to come up with something truly exciting and fresh, but I feel there's a certain laziness and cynicism in this latest adventure." Associated Press reported that J.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Critical reception
Spielberg and Lucas discussed the central idea of a B-movie involving aliens, and Lucas suggested using the crystal skulls to ground the idea. Lucas found those artifacts as fascinating as the Ark of the Covenant, and had intended to feature them for a "Young Indiana Jones" episode before the show's cancellation. M. Night Shyamalan was hired to write for an intended 2002 shoot, but he was overwhelmed writing a sequel to a film he loved like "Raiders of the Lost Ark", and claimed it was difficult to get Ford, Spielberg and Lucas to focus. Stephen Gaghan and Tom Stoppard were also approached.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Development
At the time of the events of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" in 1957, it appears the elder Dr. Jones has already died in 1951.
List of Indiana Jones characters | Henry Jones, Sr
From 1992 to 1996, following the "Fate of Atlantis" adaptation, Dark Horse published seven limited series. With the franchise's revival in 2008 due to the release of "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", Dark Horse will publish further series, including one aimed at children. Critical reaction to the comics, particularly their interior art, is mixed.
Indiana Jones (comics) | Introduction
In July 2018, Disney pushed the film's release date back to July 9, 2021. In early 2020, Ford stated that they were hoping to start with the film late in the summer, although in a separate interview, he hinted at his involvement in the picture beginning as early as April. In February 2020, it was revealed that Spielberg had stepped down as the film's director as he desired to "pass along Indy's whip to a new generation to bring their perspective to the story." It was reported that Spielberg will remain on the project as a producer while James Mangold entered negotiations to direct.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Sequel
In Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull Jones and Marion end up struck in a dry sandpit.
Dry quicksand | In popular culture
On March 15, 2016, Walt Disney Studios announced that Spielberg and Ford would both return for a fifth and final "Indiana Jones" film, scheduled for release on July 19, 2019. Lucas will return as executive producer, while Kennedy and Marshall will serve as producers and Koepp as screenwriter. Williams will also return to compose the score. On April 24, 2017, Disney shifted the release date of the untitled "Indiana Jones" sequel from July 19, 2019, to July 10, 2020. Spielberg confirmed that filming would begin in April 2019 in the United Kingdom. In late 2017, David Koepp revealed that Shia LaBeouf's character Mutt Williams would not return.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Sequel
Frank Marshall remarked, "In today's information age, secrecy has been a real challenge. ... People actually said, 'No, we're going to respect Steven's vision.'" Prior to release, moviegoers on the Internet scrutinized numerous photos and the film's promotional Lego sets in hope of understanding plot details. Spielberg biographer Ian Freer wrote, "What "Indy IV" is actually about has been the great cultural guessing game of 2007/08. Yet, it has to be said, there is something refreshing about being ten weeks away from a giant blockbuster and knowing next to nothing about it." To distract investigative fans from the film's title during filming, five fake titles were registered with the Motion Picture Association of America; "The City of Gods", "The Destroyer of Worlds", "The Fourth Corner of the Earth", "The Lost City of Gold" and "The Quest for the Covenant".
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Secrecy
A similar example is the briefcase shown throughout "Pulp Fiction" (1994), in which the glowing contents of the briefcase are never revealed, despite being violently coveted by many major characters. In discussing the mixed critical reception of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008), the primary criticism was that the crystal skull in the film was seen as an unsatisfying MacGuffin. The director Steven Spielberg said, "I sympathize with people who didn't like the MacGuffin because I never liked the MacGuffin."
MacGuffin | Examples
In an early script of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", called "Indiana Jones and the Saucermen from Mars", written by Jeb Stuart, Short Round (now an adult) was set to appear in the wedding of Indy and Dr. Elaine McGregor, alongside Sallah, Marion Ravenwood, and Willie Scott, but the script was scrapped by George Lucas and Steven Spielberg.
List of Indiana Jones characters | Short Round
During the late 1970s, George Lucas and Steven Spielberg made a deal with Paramount Pictures for five "Indiana Jones" films. Following the 1989 release of "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade", Lucas let the series end as he felt he could not think of a good plot device to drive the next installment. He chose instead to produce the prequel television series "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles". Harrison Ford played Indiana in one episode, narrating his adventures in 1920 Chicago. When Lucas shot Ford's role in December 1992, he realized the scene opened up the possibility of a film with an older Indiana set in the 1950s.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Development
Spielberg did not want to fast cut action scenes, relying on his script instead for a fast pace, and had confirmed in 2002 that he would not shoot the film digitally, a format Lucas had adopted. Lucas felt "it looks like it was shot three years after "Last Crusade". The people, the look of it, everything. You'd never know there was 20 years between shooting." Kamiński commented upon watching the three films back-to-back, he was amazed how each of them advanced technologically, but were all nevertheless consistent, neither too brightly or darkly lit. While shooting "War of the Worlds" in late 2004, Spielberg met with stunt coordinator Vic Armstrong, who doubled for Ford in the previous films, to discuss three action sequences he had envisioned.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Design
"Indiana Jones" is distributed by one entity, Paramount, but owned by another, Lucasfilm. The pre-production arrangement between the two organizations granted Paramount 12.5% of the film's revenue. As the $185 million budget was larger than the original $125 million estimate, Lucas, Spielberg and Ford turned down large upfront salaries so Paramount could cover the film's costs. In order for Paramount to see a profit beyond its distribution fee, the film had to make over $400 million. At that point, Lucas, Spielberg, Ford, and those with smaller profit-sharing deals would also begin to collect their cut. The film was released on Thursday, May 22, 2008, in North America and grossed $25 million its opening day.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Box office
GAZ 46s of the Soviet armed forces were depicted in the 2007 action-thriller "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". Replicas with fiberglass hulls were utilized for filming.
GAZ 46 | Popular culture
The theme also features in a video game series. "" was released on June 3, 2008, based on the original trilogy. A sequel, called "", was released in November 2009, including scenes from the new "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" film, along with a level editor feature. A computer-animated short film, "Lego Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Brick", directed by Peder Pedersen, was also released on the official Lego site. It combines details from all four "Indiana Jones" films in one adventure.
Lego Indiana Jones | Introduction
The Communist Party of the Russian Federation called for a ban on the film, accusing the production team of "demonizing" the Soviet Union. A party official said: "In 1957 the USSR was not sending terrorists to America but sending the Sputnik satellite into space!" Spielberg responded: "When we decided the fourth installment would take place in 1957, we had no choice but to make the Russians the enemies. World War II had just ended and the Cold War had begun. The U.S. didn't have any other enemies at the time." The film's depiction of Peru also received criticism from the Peruvian and Spanish-speaking public.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | International reaction
Two Soviet agents attempt to capture them, but Jones and Mutt escape and, following the riddle's meaning, reach Peru. At the local psychiatric hospital, Oxley's scribbling on the walls and floor of his cell lead them to the grave of Francisco de Orellana, a Conquistador who searched for Akator. They find the skull at the grave, with Jones reasoning Oxley had returned it there. Jones and Mutt are captured by Mac and the Soviets and taken to their camp in the Amazon jungle. Spalko believes the crystal skull belongs to an alien life form and holds great psychic power, and finding more skulls in Akator will grant the Soviet Union the ability to rule the world through the use of telepathy.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Plot
He takes shelter in a lead-lined refrigerator and is rescued, decontaminated, and interrogated by FBI agents, who suspect him of working for the Soviets. Though freed through the recommendation of General Ross, he ends up put on indefinite leave of absence from Marshall College, and the dean resigns to keep Indiana's job at the college. Jones is approached by greaser Mutt Williams, who tells him Harold Oxley found a crystal skull in Peru and was later kidnapped along with Mutt's mother, Mary who went after him. Jones tells Mutt of the legend of crystal skulls found in Akator, and Mutt gives Jones a letter from his mother, with a riddle from Oxley in an ancient language.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Plot
Two other medium-size sets released at the same time also featured scenes from the "Lost Ark" film. The Lost Tomb (7621) depicted a snake-filled tomb, which Indy must escape from, and Race for the Stolen Treasure (7622) depicted the chase scene from the film, with Indy riding a horse in pursuit of a truck. Later in 2008, four sets were released featuring scenes from the new film. The biggest of these was Kingdom of the Crystal Skull (7627), which focused on the final scene of the movie, and included a rotating circle of 'crystal skeletons', as well as the falling obelisk tower.
Lego Indiana Jones | Sets
The film could reflect a science fiction 1950s B-movie, with aliens as the plot device. Meanwhile, Spielberg believed he was going to mature as a filmmaker after making the trilogy, and felt his role in any future installments would be relegated to that of mere producer. Ford disliked the new angle, telling Lucas, "No way am I being in a Steven Spielberg movie like that." Spielberg himself, who depicted aliens in "Close Encounters of the Third Kind" and "E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial", resisted it. Lucas came up with a story, which Jeb Stuart turned into a script from October 1993 to May 1994.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Development
Industrial Light and Magic then effectively created a virtual jungle with a geography like the real Amazon. The appearance of a live alien and flying saucer was in flux. Spielberg wanted the alien to resemble a Grey alien, and also rejected early versions of the saucer that looked "too "Close Encounters"". Art director Christian Alzmann said the esthetic was "looking at a lot of older B-movie designs—but trying to make that look more real and gritty to fit in with the Indy universe." Other reference for the visual effects work included government tapes of nuclear tests, and video reference of real prairie dogs shot in 1080p by Nathan Edward Denning.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Effects
According to "Associated Press", "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" received a "respectful" but "far from glowing" reception from "Indiana Jones" fans, and that "some viewers at its first press screening loved it, some called it slick and enjoyable though formulaic, some said it was not worth the 19-year wait." "South Park" parodied the film in the episode "The China Probrem", broadcast five months after the film's release. The episode parodied the negative fan reaction, with the characters filing a police report against Lucas and Spielberg for "raping Indiana Jones". Some disappointed "Indiana Jones "fans used the term "nuking the fridge", a reference to the scene in which Jones survives a nuclear blast by hiding in a refrigerator, to denote the point when a franchise crosses into the absurd, similar to "jumping the shark".
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Audience reception and legacy
He felt Leo Durañona's art for "Arms of Gold" was "decent, but a bit inconsistent. He goes for the 'rugged' Indiana Jones look, but the inconsistencies in the art from page to page is a bit noticeable." The website's reception to the "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" adaptation was poor, arguing it "reads like a summary of a story, not like a story", and that John Jackson Miller's writing was "lacking". The only highpoint was the art from Luke Ross and Fabio Laguna which "runs the gamut from decent to fantastic". They acclaimed the rest of 2008's comics, (the first issue of "Tomb of the Gods" and volume one of "Indiana Jones Adventures") particularly their art.
Indiana Jones (comics) | Reception
The setting of the game is historical, 1930's pulp era. Players can choose to set aspects of the game at any point in the mid-to-late 1930s. Some adventure packs establish a particular timeline, while others are left to the player's discretion.
The World of Indiana Jones | Setting
In its opening weekend, the film grossed an estimated $101 million in 4,260 theaters in the United States and Canada, ranking number one at the box office, and making it the third-widest opening of all time. Within its first five days of release, it grossed $311 million worldwide. The film's total $151 million gross in the U.S. ranked it as the second-biggest Memorial Day weekend release, behind "". It was the third-most-successful film of 2008 domestically, behind "The Dark Knight" and "Iron Man", respectively, and the year's second-highest-grossing film internationally, behind "The Dark Knight". In February 2010, it was the 25th-highest-grossing film of all time domestically, and 44th-highest-grossing worldwide, as well as the most financially successful "Indiana Jones" film when not adjusted for inflation of ticket prices.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Box office
The fourth film, entitled "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", was finally released in 2008.
Steven Spielberg's unrealized projects | "Indiana Jones and the Saucermen from Mars"
The film has been noted as an outlier in the franchise, as it does not feature Indy's university or any antagonistic political entity, and is less focused on archaeology, being presented as a dark movie with gross-out elements, human sacrifice and torture.
Indiana Jones | "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" (1984)
The prequel is not as centered on archaeology as "Raiders of the Lost Ark" and is considerably darker.
Indiana Jones (character) | Films
In 1957, Indiana Jones and his partner George "Mac" McHale have been kidnapped from their archaeological excavating work in Mexico by Soviet agents working under Irina Spalko, who infiltrate a secret, governmental Nevada warehouse labeled "Hangar 51" and force Jones to locate a mummified corpse (from the Roswell UFO incident, 10 years earlier, on which he was forced to work). Shortly after, Mac reveals he has become a double agent on the KGB’s payroll. After an unsuccessful attempt to retrieve the body and a fight with Spalko's henchman Dovchenko, Jones escapes to a model town within the Nevada Test Site, right before an atomic bomb test.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Plot
Two video games based on the film were released by LucasArts in 1989: "" and "". A third game was produced by Taito and released in 1991 for the Nintendo Entertainment System. Ryder Windham wrote another novelization, released in April 2008 by Scholastic, to coincide with the release of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". Hasbro released toys based on "The Last Crusade" in July 2008.
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade | Marketing
The UK, German, French, Hungarian and Netherlands tapes were in PAL format, while the tapes released in the rest of the countries were in NTSC format.
The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles | VHS and Laserdisc
Set in an unspecified region of Mexico during the 1930s, Indiana Jones Adventure: Temple of the Crystal Skull takes place in the Temple of the Crystal Skull, an Aztec temple guarded by a Crystal Skull. Hosted by a character named Paco (portrayed by Katsuhisa Hōki), the story features Indiana Jones (voiced by Kunio Murai) searching for the Fountain of Youth. While the name is similar to that of the fourth "Indiana Jones" film, the design of the titular skull is entirely different and the scenarios in the attraction are unrelated to the film.
Indiana Jones Adventure | Story
And they had taken the story in a different line anyway, so the father of Indy was kind of really not that important. I had suggested they kill him in the movie, it would have taken care of it better." The film addresses Connery's absence by Indiana implying that both Henry, Sr. and Marcus Brody (played in the previous films by Denholm Elliott, who died in 1992) died before the film's events. Connery later stated that he liked the film, describing it as "rather good and rather long." Michael Sheard, who portrayed Adolf Hitler in the third film, expressed interest in appearing in the film, but he died in August 2005.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Cast
The source books were very detailed with information that went beyond what was seen in the films.
The World of Indiana Jones | Themes
On May 17, 2002, IGN reported that "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles" writer Frank Darabont will write the fourth film of the film franchise of "Indiana Jones", entitled "Indiana Jones and the City of Gods", in which ex-Nazis would chase Indiana Jones. The script is very similar to the final script, including Indy's and Marion's wedding and a scene with army ants, but it didn't include Indiana Jones' son. Spielberg liked the script very much, but George Lucas disliked it, and for that reason, he hired David Koepp to write the film. The film ended up being "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" which was released in 2008, with Spielberg returning as director.
Steven Spielberg's unrealized projects | "Indiana Jones and the City of Gods"
Later, while Irina and Mutt are in a sword duel, Indy takes the Crystal Skull from one of the skeletons. The temple collapses behind the two, probably leaving Irina to be crushed after falling in a light-filled chasm to her death, and a close-up shows the skull as the movie ends.
Lego Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Brick | Chapter 3
A sequel titled "" has been released. It includes game levels for "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008) as well as redesigned levels for the other three movies among other new features.
Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures | Sequel
During filming significantly more CGI work was done than initially anticipated as in many cases it proved to be more practical. There ended up being a total of about 450 CGI shots in the film, with an estimated 30 percent of the film's shots containing CG matte paintings. Spielberg initially wanted brushstrokes to be visible on the paintings for added consistency with the previous films, but decided against it. The script also required a non-deforested jungle for a chase scene, but this would have been unsafe and much CGI work was done to create the jungle action sequence. Visual effects supervisor Pablo Helman (who worked on Lucas' "" and "" as well as Spielberg's "War of the Worlds" and "Munich") traveled to Brazil and Argentina to photograph elements that were composited into the final images.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Effects
During the five years between "The Temple of Doom" and "The Last Crusade", he and executive producer Lucas reviewed several scripts before accepting Jeffrey Boam's. Filming locations included Spain, Italy, West Germany, Jordan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. The film was released by Paramount Pictures in North America on May 24, 1989 to mostly positive reviews and was a financial success, earning $474.3 million at the worldwide box office. It won an Academy Award for Best Sound Effects Editing. A sequel, "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", followed in 2008.
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade | Introduction
In an early script of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", titled "Indiana Jones and the City of the Gods", written by Frank Darabont, the Nazis were set to appear seeking revenge for Toht and Belloq's death, but the script was rejected.
List of Indiana Jones characters | Arnold Ernst Toht
This game was produced as a sequel to "The Original Adventures", and includes scenes from the fourth film in the franchise ("Kingdom of the Crystal Skull"), as well as all-new scenes from the three original films. The game also added a new level editor.
Lego Indiana Jones | Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues (2009)
The Lost World of the Crystal Skull is a human interest docudrama by director Gabriel Murray and producer Yvette Hoyle about a crystal skull discovered by F. A. Mitchell-Hedges. The Mitchell Hedges Crystal Skull was discovered by Albert Mitchell Hedges in a lost city in Belize in 1924, it is the artifact which inspired the movie Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull. The English explorer found the skull while in search of the lost continent of Atlantis. This documentary explores this lost world where the skull was linked to Atlantis, the Mayan Prophecies of 2012 and a lost white tribe of Thule.
The Lost World of the Crystal Skull | Introduction
Dr. Henry Walton "Indiana" Jones, Jr. is the title character and protagonist of the "Indiana Jones" franchise. George Lucas created the character in homage to the action heroes of 1930s film serials. The character first appeared in the 1981 film "Raiders of the Lost Ark", to be followed by "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" in 1984, "Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade" in 1989, "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles" from 1992 to 1996, and "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" in 2008. The character is also featured in novels, comics, video games, and other media.
Indiana Jones (character) | Introduction
The Temple of the Crystal Skull building exterior resembles a large Aztec pyramid and temple, set in the South American port "Lost River Delta" at Tokyo DisneySea. The design is influenced by ancient South American architecture and art. There is a large room in the first pyramid with elaborate, South American-inspired frescoes on the walls; skeletons litter the floor around the queue walkway. The queue subsequently passes through a series of smaller, intricately themed chambers. Paco, a South American tour guide, hosts a black-and-white safety film, which plays on a continuous loop.
Indiana Jones Adventure | Queue
Chauchilla Cemetery is a prominent setting in "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". Though not called by name in the film, the cemetery is explicitly identified in the screenplay, promotional materials, and merchandise. This fictionalized version of the cemetery features a number of embellishments, including mask-wearing Nazcan guards and a hidden, underground burial chamber accessible through the barrows. The cemetery is depicted as being built on a promontory overlooking the Nazca Valley, offering the characters a view of the famous Nazca Lines.
Chauchilla Cemetery | In popular culture
The snakes would slither from their crates, requiring the crew to dig through sawdust after filming to find and return them. Two lions were used, which became nervous because of the rocking motion and flickering lights.
Indiana Jones and the Last Crusade | Design
This phrase has appeared across the internet, and was chosen as #5 on "Time" magazine's list of "top ten buzzwords" of 2008. Asked about the scene and phrase, Spielberg said: "Blame me. Don't blame George. That was my silly idea ... I'm proud of that. I'm glad I was able to bring that into popular culture." Lucas denied this, saying Spielberg was "protecting him". According to Lucas, he had assembled a dossier of research data to convince Spielberg; Lucas stated that his research claimed the odds of surviving in the refrigerator are about "50-50." The mixed fanbase reaction did not surprise Lucas, who was familiar with mixed response to the "Star Wars" prequels, and predicted that "we're all going to get people throwing tomatoes at us." David Koepp said: "I knew I was going to get hammered from a number of quarters [but] what I liked about the way the movie ended up playing was it was popular with families.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Audience reception and legacy
Each hub acts as a mini-open world, where the player can unlock new characters, vehicles or complete short races and other challenges. The plot of the first three films has been significantly shortened compared to "Lego Indiana Jones: The Original Adventures", as the focus is mostly on "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (because it was absent from the previous game). Thus, whereas the first three films have only one hub with 5 story levels each, "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" has three separate hubs, totalling 15 story levels. The game begins with "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" Part 1, which follows the first act of the movie (until Indiana and Mutt depart to Peru to find the titular Crystal Skull).
Lego Indiana Jones 2: The Adventure Continues | Plot
It was ultimately decided that the release would tie into the release of the fourth Indiana Jones feature film. Two variations of Volume 1 were released by CBS DVD, one simply as "Volume One", and the other as "Volume One — The Early Years" in order to match the subtitle of Volume 2. The History Channel acquired television rights to all 94 of the DVD historical documentaries. The airing of the documentaries was meant to bring in ratings for the History Channel and serve as marketing for the DVD release and the theatrical release of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull".
The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles | DVD
However, Armstrong was filming "" during shooting of "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", so Dan Bradley was hired instead. Bradley and Spielberg used previsualization for all the action scenes, except the motorcycle chase at Marshall College, because that idea was conceived after the animators had left. Bradley drew traditional storyboards instead, and was given free rein to create dramatic moments, just as "Raiders of the Lost Ark" second unit director Michael D. Moore did when filming the truck chase. Spielberg improvised on set, changing the location of Mutt and Spalko's duel from the ground to on top of vehicles. The Ark of the Covenant is seen in a broken crate during the Hangar 51 opening sequence.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Design
The series was labeled as Chapters 1–22, while the feature films were labeled as Chapters 23–25. In an effort to promote the series, the episode "Treasure of the Peacock's Eye" was included with the purchase of the movie trilogy box set in the US. The episode was chosen for the fact that its plot continues into the opening of "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom", which was labeled as the first film chronologically in the film trilogy. In other countries different chapters were included, for example in the UK "The Phantom Train of Doom" was included. The twelve VHS releases were released worldwide over the course of 2000, including the UK, Netherlands, Hungary, Germany, Mexico, France and Japan.
The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles | VHS and Laserdisc
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom is a 1984 action-adventure film featuring the character Indiana Jones. Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom may also refer to:
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (disambiguation) | Introduction
(Stuart had previously written "The Fugitive", which starred Ford.) Lucas wanted Indiana to get married, which would allow Henry Jones, Sr. to return, expressing concern over whether his son is happy with what he has accomplished. After he learned that Joseph Stalin was interested in psychic warfare, he decided to have Soviets as the villains and the aliens to have psychic powers. Following Stuart's next draft, Lucas hired "Last Crusade" writer Jeffrey Boam to write the next three versions, the last of which was completed in March 1996. Three months later, "Independence Day" was released, and Spielberg told Lucas he would not make another alien invasion film.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Development
The five-disc release by Concord Records was released on November 11, 2008. The set contains the three original soundtracks to the trilogy, expanded and remastered, including material never before issued on CD. The box set also includes the standard "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" soundtrack (released in May 2008, no bonus material added) plus a bonus CD that includes more music from the trilogy and an exclusive audio interview CD with Williams. The re-issues of the three original soundtracks are also available in Europe as a single release. The content are identical to the first three titles in the box-set.
Raiders of the Lost Ark (soundtrack) | "Indiana Jones: The Soundtracks Collection"
The "Indiana Jones Summer of Hidden Mysteries" was an event held at Disneyland by Walt Disney Creative Entertainment during the summer months of 2008. This was a promotional tie-in with the release of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". The summer-long event included a new show, changes to the Jungle Cruise attraction and appearances by a live actor playing Indiana Jones. There was some controversy about the "Secret of the Stone Tiger" stage show playing at Aladdin's Oasis, in which Indiana Jones is seen punching a female villain. Following a news story in the "Orange County Register", the show was altered to remove the punch.
Indiana Jones Summer of Hidden Mysteries | Introduction
An adaptation of "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", written by John Jackson Miller and penciled by Luke Ross, came out in May 2008. The following month, an ongoing children's series entitled "Indiana Jones Adventures" began, which is modeled after "Clone Wars Adventures". The first volume, set in 1930, involves Norse mythology while Indiana travels to Sweden and Marrakech. It was followed by a Free Comic Book Day six-page story and a second volume of "Indiana Jones Adventures", both published in 2009. The four-issue "Indiana Jones and the Tomb of the Gods" (written by Rob Williams and penciled by Steve Scott) was published between June 2008 and March 2009.
Indiana Jones (comics) | 2000s
The game is set in 1930s Middle America. The main character is either a male or a female who has just joined the Adventure Society, and sets up a base camp in an effort to explore ancient ruins.
Indiana Jones Adventure World | Plot
In Steven Spielberg's film "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull" (2008), Indiana Jones identifies koihoma language on a mysterious letter written by Harold Oxley, although he explains to Mutt Williams that noboby speaks that language anymore.
Koihoma language | In popular culture
Reception of the game was generally negative.
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom (1988 video game) | Introduction
When shooting the fight, Ford accidentally hit his chin, and Spielberg liked Diatchenko's humorous looking reaction, so he expanded his role to three months of filming. Ernie Reyes Jr. plays a cemetery guard. Sean Connery turned down an offer to cameo as Henry Jones, Sr., as he found retirement too enjoyable. Lucas stated that in hindsight it was good that Connery did not briefly appear, as it would disappoint the audience when his character would not join the film's adventure. Ford joked, "I'm old enough to play my own father in this one." Connery later admitted that his true reason for turning the part down was that it was too small, stating: "It was not that generous a part, worth getting back into the harness and go for.
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Cast
ARC Music has been used in the films "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", "Casino Royale", "Burn After Reading", "The Kingdom", "The Constant Gardener". and "Skyfall".
ARC Music | Film and television
While the rest of the American people are haunted by the memory of a recent tragic event, only Butters will stand with Cartman as he confronts the Chinese. Meanwhile, Kyle seeks to bring George Lucas and Steven Spielberg to justice for "raping" Indiana Jones in "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull". The flashbacks mimic rape scenes from "Boys Don't Cry", "The Accused", and "Deliverance".
The China Probrem | Introduction
Hasbro, Lego, Sideshow Collectibles, Topps, Diamond Select, Hallmark Cards, and Cartamundi all sold products. A THQ mobile game based on the film was released, as was a based on the past films. Lego also released a series of computer-animated spoofs, "Lego Indiana Jones and the Raiders of the Lost Brick", directed by Peder Pedersen. Stern Pinball released a new Indiana Jones pinball machine, designed by John Borg, based on all four films. From October 2007 to April 2008, the re-edited episodes of "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles" were released in three DVD box sets. Random House, Dark Horse Comics, Diamond Comic Distributors, Scholastic, and DK published books, including James Rollins's novelization of "Kingdom of the Crystal Skull", a two-issue comic book adaptation written by John Jackson Miller and drawn by Luke Ross (""), children's novelizations of all four films, the "Indiana Jones Adventures" comic book series aimed at children, and the official "Indiana Jones Magazine".
Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull | Marketing
Like its predecessor, "Last Crusade" broke box office records, becoming one of the year's highest-grossing films. It was also well received by critics. Spielberg has said that the film was, in part, an "apology" for the reception to "Temple of Doom". Following the conclusion of the film series, Lucas developed a television series, "The Young Indiana Jones Chronicles", that debuted in 1992. The series features an elderly Jones—portrayed by George Hall—recounting his earlier adventures throughout his youth. Ford, Sean Patrick Flanery, and Corey Carrier portray Jones at different ages. A fourth film was released in 2008, "Indiana Jones and the Kingdom of the Crystal Skull".
Raiders of the Lost Ark | Sequels
I know we are sensitive about our cultural identity, but we do this to ourselves in our own films. It's only when some foreign directors do it that we start cribbing."
Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom | Controversy