The blacknose shark inhabits the continental and insular shelves off the eastern coast of the Americas, as far north as North Carolina and as far south as southern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. They frequent coastal waters over beds of seagrass, sandy flats, and shell or coral rubble. This species is spatially segregated by size and sex. Generally, only young sharks are encountered in shallow water, as the adults prefer depths greater than and is most common at . Blacknose sharks in the South Atlantic Bight (off the Atlantic coast of the southern United States) migrate northward in the summer and southward (or possibly offshore) in the winter; a similar migration occurs for sharks in the Gulf of Mexico.
Distribution and habitat
Blacknose shark
Blacknose shark | Distribution and habitat
They inhabits the continental and insular shelves off the eastern coast of the Americas, as far north as North Carolina and as far south as southern Brazil. They inhabit the continental and insular shelves off the eastern coast of the Americas, as far north as North Carolina and as far south as southern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. The continental and insular shelves off the eastern coast of the Americas. It  inhabits the continental and insular shelves off the eastern coast of the Americas, as far north as North Carolina and as far south as southern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea.
what is the scientific name of blacknose shark?
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Carcharhinus acronotus
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where is it commonly found?
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Tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean
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who described it first?
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Felipe Poey
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can you describe their habitat?
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The blacknose shark inhabits the continental and insular shelves off the eastern coast of the Americas, as far north as North Carolina and as far south as southern Brazil, including the Bahamas, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea. They frequent coastal waters over beds of seagrass, sandy flats, and shell or coral rubble. This species is spatially segregated by size and sex. Generally, only young sharks are encountered in shallow water, as the adults prefer depths greater than and is most common at . Blacknose sharks in the South Atlantic Bight (off the Atlantic coast of the southern United States) migrate northward in the summer and southward (or possibly offshore) in the winter; a similar migration occurs for sharks in the Gulf of Mexico.
Blacknose shark | Distribution and habitat
The first dorsal fin is small and somewhat sickle-shaped, with a pointed apex and a short, free, rear tip; its origin lies over the free rear tips of the pectoral fins. The second dorsal fin is relatively large, though still less than half the height of the first. No ridge is seen between the dorsal fins. The pectoral fins are short and tapered. The body is covered with overlapping dermal denticles that bear five to seven longitudinal ridges (three in very young individuals) leading to three to five marginal teeth. The coloration is yellowish to greenish-gray or brown above and white to yellow below.
Blacknose shark | Description
The movements of other populations are unknown.
Finetooth shark | Distribution and habitat
The blacknose shark ("Carcharhinus acronotus") is a species of requiem shark, belonging to the family Carcharhinidae, common in the tropical and subtropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean. This species generally inhabits coastal seagrass, sand, or rubble habitats, with adults preferring deeper water than juveniles. A small shark typically measuring long, the blacknose has a typical streamlined "requiem shark" shape with a long, rounded snout, large eyes, and a small first dorsal fin. Its common name comes from a characteristic black blotch on the tip of its snout, though this may be indistinct in older individuals. Blacknose sharks feed primarily on small bony fishes and cephalopods, and in turn fall prey to larger sharks.
Blacknose shark | Introduction
Patchy records from around the world indicate the bignose shark probably has a circumglobal distribution in tropical and subtropical waters. In the Atlantic Ocean, it occurs from Delaware Bay to Brazil, in the Mediterranean Sea, and off West Africa. In the Indian Ocean, it is known in South Africa and Madagascar, the Red Sea, India, and the Maldives. In the Pacific Ocean, it has been recorded from China to Australia, around Hawaii, and from the Gulf of California to Ecuador. It is reportedly common off Florida, the Bahamas, and the West Indies, and rare off Brazil and in the Mediterranean.
Bignose shark | Distribution and habitat
They also use overhanging vegetation and undercut banks for additional refuge. In the winter, they migrate from headwater streams into rivers and can be found in deeper water under banks.
Eastern blacknose dace | Distribution and habitat
It is mainly found on the outer continental shelf and upper continental slope, and may aggregate around seamounts.
Sharpnose sevengill shark | Distribution and habitat
In Nelson Bay, this shark has been observed lying in the open atop sponges.
Blind shark | Distribution and habitat
The Cuban naturalist Felipe Poey published the first description of the blacknose shark in 1860 as "Squalus acronotus", in his "Memorias sobre la historia natural de la Isla de Cuba". Later authors moved this species to the genus "Carcharhinus". The type specimen was a 98-cm (3.2-ft)-long male caught off Cuba. Based on morphological data, Jack Garrick suggested in 1982 that the blacknose shark has a sister relationship to a group containing the whitecheek shark ("C. dussumieri") and the blackspot shark ("C. sealei"), while Leonard Compagno proposed in 1988 that this shark belongs in a group with five other species, including the silky shark ("C.
Blacknose shark | Taxonomy and phylogeny
The blacknose shark has a slender, streamlined body with a long, rounded snout and large eyes. A well-developed flap of skin occurs in front of each nostril, defining the inflow and outflow openings. Twelve to 13 and 11 to 12 tooth rows occur on either side of the upper and lower jaws, respectively, with one or two teeth at the symphysis (middle). The teeth are triangular and oblique, with serrated edges; the upper teeth are stouter than the lower teeth. The five pairs of gill slits are short, measuring less a third the length of the first dorsal fin base.
Blacknose shark | Description
The display consists of the shark hunching its back, lowering its pectoral fins, gaping its jaws, and swimming with an exaggerated side-to-side motion. Known parasites of this species include the copepods "Nesippus orientalis", "Perissopus dentatus", "Pandarus sinuatus", "Kroyeria sphyrnae", "Nemesis atlantica", and "Eudactylina spinifera", as well as tapeworms in the genera "Paraorygmatobothrium" and "Platybothrium".
Blacknose shark | Biology and ecology
The bignose shark is found near the edge of the continental shelf and over the upper continental slope, generally swimming close to the sea floor at depths of . Young sharks may venture into water as shallow as . Night-time captures of this species from close to the surface suggest it may perform a diel vertical migration, moving from deep water upwards or toward the coast at night. In the northwestern Atlantic, the bignose shark conducts a poorly documented seasonal migration, spending summer off the US East Coast and winter in the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea. Individual sharks have been recorded traveling distances between .
Bignose shark | Distribution and habitat
A distinctive dark blotch at the tip of the snout is most obvious in young sharks. The tips of the second dorsal fin, upper caudal fin lobe, and sometimes the lower caudal fin lobe, are dark. Blacknose sharks are typically long and in weight. The maximum length and weight on record is and , respectively.
Blacknose shark | Description
If true, the age-depth inconsistencies observed from previous research could have resulted from incomplete depth sampling.
Blackmouth catshark | Distribution and habitat
In South Africa, the species seems to be resident, but some increase in numbers occurs during the summer.
Blackspot shark | Distribution
During migrations, individual sharks have been recorded traveling up to . It is philopatric, returning to the same areas year after year.
Copper shark | Distribution and habitat
For example, males outnumber females 2:1 off Spain, females are 30% more numerous than males off Scotland, and immature males are predominant in the Bristol Channel. Older, larger sharks may frequent higher latitudes than younger individuals.
Porbeagle | Distribution and habitat
Tagging studies have found this species mostly moves only short distances along the coastline and rarely enters offshore waters. However, some individuals have been recorded traveling longer distances, up to .
Australian blacktip shark | Distribution and habitat
When not breeding, its habitat is primarily saline lakes and coastal estuaries.
Black-necked grebe | Distribution and habitat
The longnose pygmy shark has been caught in the western Indian Ocean off eastern KwaZulu-Natal, in the southeastern Atlantic Ocean near the Walvis Ridge, and in the southwestern Pacific Ocean off Chile. These records suggest that it may have a circumglobal distribution in the Southern Hemisphere, inhabiting subantarctic waters and cold ocean currents, including the Benguela and the Humboldt. This species occurs in the open ocean between the surface and a depth of , in water deep.
Longnose pygmy shark | Distribution and habitat
A single, anomalous record was made of a juvenile in brackish water in Mar Chiquita in Argentina. A tracking study off the British Isles has found substantial variation in the short-term movements of this species, both between and within individuals. Vertical movements tended to increase with water depth and corresponding temperature stratification; in shallow, unstratified waters, sharks either showed no pattern in changing depth or made reverse diel movements, spending the day in shallow water and descending at night. In deeper, stratified waters, the sharks performed a regular diel migration, spending the day below the thermocline and rising towards the surface at night.
Porbeagle | Distribution and habitat
This species is distributed in the Red Sea.
Nassarius deshayesianus | Distribution
falciformis") and the blacktip reef shark ("C. melanopterus"). Molecular analyses have been similarly equivocal regarding the blacknose shark's phylogenetic relationships: Gavin Naylor's 1992 allozyme analysis found this species to be the most basal member of "Carcharhinus", while Mine Dosay-Abkulut's 2008 ribosomal DNA analysis indicated affinity between it and the blacktip shark ("C. limbatus") or the smalltail shark ("C. porosus"). The whitenose shark ("Nasolamia velox"), found along the tropical western coast of the Americas, may be descended from blacknose sharks that experienced the teratogenic effects of incipient cyclopia.
Blacknose shark | Taxonomy and phylogeny
However, the various fishing pressures within its range are cause for concern given its slow reproductive rate, and it may have already declined in the northwestern Atlantic and elsewhere.
Bignose shark | Introduction
The hardnose shark is common and widely distributed in the tropical western Indo-Pacific. It is found from Kenya to Myanmar in the Indian Ocean, including Sri Lanka and the Andaman Islands. In the Pacific Ocean, it is found from Vietnam to Taiwan and southern Japan, in Indonesia, and off New Guinea and northern Australia. It is usually found in shallow, inshore waters, but has been reported to a depth of . Tagging data has shown that this shark tends not to make long-distance movements, with 30% of re-caught individuals having moved less than from their initial tagging location. The longest known distance travelled by an individual is .
Hardnose shark | Distribution and habitat
The distribution range is restricted to area of eastern Arnhemland, from the South Aliigator River to Narbalek, and occur within this range at Mt Brockman and Nourlangie Rock. The favoured habitat has a monsoonal climate, and is most commonly found in these types of woodlands, rainforest over sandstone and on sandy plains dominated by a variety of grasses. The soil of the habitat is very shallow and interspersed with bare rock surfaces, typically sandstone.
Black wallaroo | Distribution and habitat
It remains unknown whether this distribution pattern was a result of lack of suitable habitat along the mainland coast in the mid portion of the range, or was instead due to overfishing in these more accessible mainland regions.
Haliotis sorenseni | Distribution
Sharks of the northern population have been recorded from depths of , and those of the southern population from . The shallowest records have tended to come from higher latitudes, suggesting that temperature plays more of a role than depth in determining the species' distribution; it has been captured from water ranging from . Both adults and juveniles occur up to a depth of , while usually only adults are found deeper. There also appears to be spatial segregation by sex, though the patterns are not well-defined.
Roughtail catshark | Distribution and habitat
During the day, when it is usually not active, it can be found in flat areas which offer some shelter from currents (including caves) or near other sheltering positions such as rocky outcrops.
Port Jackson shark | Distribution and habitat
Records from the Atlantic show a regular clockwise migration within the prevailing currents.
Blue shark | Range and habitat
It lives on black lava rock habitat near the waters of Sulphur Gay.
Hypsiglena unaocularus | Habitat
Water temperature does not appear to be an important factor in determining the distribution of this species. Found on or near the bottom, the blackmouth catshark favors a muddy habitat. There is little evidence for segregation by sex. A number of studies in the northern and western Mediterranean have reported that adults occur deeper than juveniles. Other studies though have found no such pattern. It is possible that areas such as the waters off southern France offer a habitat suitable for sharks of all ages. Another explanation with some scientific support is that adults are most common at intermediate depths, while young sharks are restricted to shallower water and both adults and juveniles are found in deeper water.
Blackmouth catshark | Distribution and habitat
Despite this, it appears to have a fairly low tolerance to reduced salinities and is not found in estuaries themselves.
Bumpnose trevally | Distribution and habitat
Some uncertainty exists in the distribution data for the spinner shark due to confusion with the blacktip shark. In the Western Atlantic Ocean, it occurs from North Carolina to the northern Gulf of Mexico, including the Bahamas and Cuba, and from southern Brazil to Argentina. In the Eastern Atlantic, it occurs from off North Africa to Namibia. In the Indian Ocean, it is found from South Africa and Madagascar, to the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden, to India and nearby islands, to Java and Sumatra. In the Pacific Ocean, it occurs off Japan, Vietnam, Australia, and possibly the Philippines.
Spinner shark | Distribution and habitat
The distribution range of the species has contracted since its first identification, and is currently known from a declining population inhabiting Shark Bay on the western coast of Australia. The leaf-scaled sea snake prefers waters up to 10 metres in depth. In December 2015 a population of the snakes was found living in seagrass beds of Shark Bay off Western Australia. Previously, its only known habitats were some 1,700 km away in the Ashmore and Hibernia Reefs in the Timor Sea, from where it had since disappeared.
Aipysurus foliosquama | Distribution and habitat
Adults were entirely unknown until 2014, when three specimens (two males and one female) were documented by scientists visiting fishing villages on Daru island, Papua New Guinea. All three were caught in coastal waters off the island. No evidence exists of segregation by sex.
Speartooth shark | Distribution and habitat
The blacktip shark has a worldwide distribution in tropical and subtropical waters. In the Atlantic, it is found from Massachusetts to Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea, and from the Mediterranean Sea, Madeira, and the Canary Islands to the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It occurs all around the periphery of the Indian Ocean, from South Africa and Madagascar to the Arabian Peninsula and the Indian subcontinent, to Southeast Asia. In the western Pacific, it is found from the Ryukyu Islands of Japan to northern Australia, including southern China, the Philippines and Indonesia. In the eastern Pacific, it occurs from Southern California to Peru.
Blacktip shark | Distribution and habitat
and on one occasion, it has occurred off the coast of New Zealand. Genetic studies suggest two Australian groups, one found from Northeastern Victoria to Western Australia and the second found from Southern Queensland to New South Wales. The species is believed to have originated somewhere off the coast of South Africa. It usually lives at depths of less than , but has been known to go as deep as . The shark's territory is habitually on or near the sea bottom, which is also its feeding area. Rocky environments are the most common habitat, though sandy and muddy ones, as well as seagrass beds, are sometimes used.
Port Jackson shark | Distribution and habitat
No ridge occurs between the dorsal fins. The back is bronze-gray in color, and the belly is white. The fins are plain, but may be darker than the body. The maximum known length is , though unsubstantiated reports indicate individuals reaching .
Spadenose shark | Description
"Calothamnus formosus" is found in and between the Shark Bay and Yuna districts in the Carnarvon, Geraldton Sandplains and Yalgoo biogeographic regions. It grows in sand on sandplains.
Calothamnus formosus | Distribution and habitat
The species is widespread in deeper waters (samples off South Africa have been obtained from ~650 m) and occurs on a variety of shark species. Records are known both from cold from waters off Greenland, Britain, New Zealand, Chile and South Africa, as well as warmer waters off Spain, the Canary Islands, Australia, and in the Gulf of Mexico.
Anelasma | Distribution
These observations argue against traditional theories that white sharks are coastal territorial predators, and open up the possibility of interaction between shark populations that were previously thought to have been discrete. The reasons for their migration and what they do at their destination is still unknown. Possibilities include seasonal feeding or mating.
Great white shark | Distribution and habitat
It is widely distributed throughout the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean, Red Sea, Persian Gulf and South Africa excluded, to the central islands of the Pacific Ocean. The background coloration of the body is light brown or sand-colored with dark longitudinal lines and blotches outlined with blue. The prickly leather-jacket has two erectile dorsal spines. Its dorsal, anal and caudal fin are translucent but only the rays are a bit darker and visible.
Chaetodermis penicilligerus | Distribution and habitat
In the South Atlantic Bight, both sexes mature at a fork length (from snout tip to caudal fin fork) around , corresponding to ages of 4.3 years for males and 4.5 years for females. In the Gulf of Mexico, both sexes mature at a fork length around , corresponding to ages of 5.4 years for males and 6.6 years for females. The maximum lifespan has been calculated as 19 years in South Atlantic Bight and 16.5 years in the Gulf of Mexico.
Blacknose shark | Life history
The small dermal denticles have sharp wedge-shaped crowns bearing median ridges, and are placed on stalks (pedicels). This species is dark brown, with prominent blackish, then light bands at the fin margins. The underside is covered by minute light-producing photophores.
Longnose pygmy shark | Description
In the northeastern Atlantic, most adults are found between 11°N and 16°N, with the smallest and largest individuals being found in lower and higher latitudes, respectively. There is no evidence of gender segregation.
Cookiecutter shark | Distribution and habitat
"Calothamnus quadrifidus" subsp. "obtusus" is found between Shark Bay, Kalbarri and Mullewa in the Carnarvon, Geraldton Sandplains and Yalgoo biogeographic regions. It usually grows in sand in kwongan.
Calothamnus quadrifidus subsp. obtusus | Distribution and habitat
It favors estuarine areas with muddy bottoms.
Smalltail shark | Distribution and habitat
The shark was photographed and released back into the water. During July 2014, a goblin shark was found in a fishery net in Sri Lanka, near the eastern coast of Sri Lanka. The shark was about long and weighed about . The shark was given to the NARA (National Aquatic Resource Research & Development Agency) for further research.
Goblin shark | Distribution and habitat
The sharpnose sevengill shark is uncommon, but widely distributed in the tropical and temperate regions of all oceans except for the northeastern Pacific Ocean. It is found from North Carolina to Cuba, including the northern Gulf of Mexico, and from Venezuela to Argentina in the western Atlantic. In the eastern Atlantic, it occurs from Morocco to Namibia, including the Mediterranean Sea. It is reported from the Indian Ocean off southwestern India, Aldabra Island, southern Mozambique, and South Africa. In the Pacific Ocean, it is known from Japan to China, Indonesia, Australia, New Zealand, and northern Chile. This is a demersal to semipelagic species usually captured at a depth of , but is occasionally found close to the surface (though these reports may represent misidentifications) or down to .
Sharpnose sevengill shark | Distribution and habitat
It has also been reported at a number of Pacific islands, including New Caledonia, Tahiti, the Marquesas, Hawaii, Revillagigedo, and the Galápagos. Most blacktip sharks are found in water less than deep over continental and insular shelves, though they may dive to . Favored habitats are muddy bays, island lagoons, and the drop-offs near coral reefs; they are also tolerant of low salinity and enter estuaries and mangrove swamps. Although an individual may be found some distance offshore, blacktip sharks do not inhabit oceanic waters. Seasonal migration has been documented for the population off the east coast of the United States, moving north to North Carolina in the summer and south to Florida in the winter.
Blacktip shark | Distribution and habitat
Males attain a length of and females . There are unsubstantiated records of individuals long. The maximum known weight is .
Daggernose shark | Description
Like other members of their family, they exhibit a viviparous mode of reproduction in which the developing embryos are sustained by a placental connection. The females give birth to three to six young in late spring or early summer, either annually or biennially, after a gestation period of eight to 11 months. This species is not known to attack humans, though it has been documented performing a threat display towards divers. It is of moderate commercial and recreational importance. The International Union for Conservation of Nature has assessed this species as near threatened. In 2009, the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration announced the populations of the blacknose shark off the United States are being overfished, and proposed new conservation measures.
Blacknose shark | Introduction
leucas"). At Aldabra in the Indian Ocean, blacktip reef sharks congregate in the channels between reef flats during low tide and travel to the mangroves when the water rises. There is equivocal evidence that sharks from the northern and southern extremes of its distribution are migratory.
Blacktip reef shark | Distribution and habitat
The habitat of the daggertooth is the open abyss, where few obstacles occur with which to come into physical contact.
Anotopterus pharao | Introduction
As in other requiem sharks, the blacknose shark is viviparous; after the developing embryos exhaust their supply of yolk, the empty yolk sac develops into a placental connection through which the mother provides nourishment. Off the United States, males are thought to reproduce every year, while females reproduce every other year. However, off northeastern Brazil, the female reproductive cycle is short enough to occur annually. Vitellogenesis (the formation of yolk within the ovary) occurs in the late summer, and is immediately followed by mating and fertilization in the fall, with the young being born the following spring to summer. The seasonality of these events means the reproductive cycle is offset by six months between populations in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres.
Blacknose shark | Life history
This species is distributed in the Scotia Sea, South Atlantic.
Drepanodontus tatyanae | Distribution
It is known to habitate in borrows only from the type locality. These have an open entrance, lined with little silk, in banks and hill slopes in an open forest. It sometimes co-habitates the same area as Calathotarsus and Scotinoecus species.
Acanthogonatus peniasco | Distribution
A Lessepsian migrant, this shark has colonized the eastern Mediterranean Sea by way of the Suez Canal. Although it has been reported from a depth of , the blacktip reef shark is usually found in water only a few meters deep, and can often be seen swimming close to shore with its dorsal fin exposed. Younger sharks prefer shallow, sandy flats, while older sharks are most common around reef ledges and can also be found near reef drop-offs. This species has also been reported from brackish estuaries and lakes in Madagascar, and freshwater environments in Malaysia, though it is not able to tolerate low salinity to the same degree as the bull shark ("C.
Blacktip reef shark | Distribution and habitat
This species occurs in the Red Sea.
Nassarius dekkeri | Distribution
The dermal denticles are closely spaced but non-overlapping, such as that the skin shows between them; each is oval with three horizontal ridges leading to marginal teeth. The coloration is gray to bronze above, with a faint pale stripe on the flank, and white below; sometimes there is a green sheen along the gills. The tips of the fins (except for the pelvic fins) are darker; this is most obvious in young sharks. Males and females grow to at least and long respectively; this species possibly reaches in length. The maximum weight on record is .
Bignose shark | Description
A single small dorsal fin is located behind the pelvic fins, with a straight front margin, narrowly rounded tip, and concave rear margin. The pectoral fins are small with a weakly convex outer margin. The anal fin is small with nearly straight margins. The caudal peduncle is long, and the distance between the dorsal fin origin and the caudal fin is more than twice the dorsal fin base. The closely overlapping dermal denticles are very thin and transparent; each is longer than it is broad, bearing a distinct median ridge and two lateral ridges ending in marginal teeth. The coloration is brownish gray to olive above and lighter below; some individuals have dark blotches on the body or light posterior fin margins.
Sharpnose sevengill shark | Description
These sharks are found worldwide in cold temperate to tropical seas from the surface down to .
Echinorhinus | Distribution
Its habitat is the ocean floor, peripheral to hydrothermal vents. Its range is known to be in the Eastern Pacific (the type specimen was taken from the Lau Basin) but may extend beyond that. The type specimen was collected by the submersible DSV "Alvin."
Boloceroides daphneae | Habitat and range
The species is distributed in the Atlantic Ocean along Gabon and Angola
Cyllene desnoyersi | Distribution
With a global distribution in tropical and temperate waters, the bluntnose sixgill shark is found in a latitudinal range between 65°N and 48°S in the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. It has been seen off the coasts of North and South America from North Carolina to Argentina and Alaska to Chile. In the eastern Atlantic, it has been caught from Iceland to Namibia, in the Indo-Pacific it has been caught from Madagascar north to Japan and east to Hawaii and in the Mediterranean it has been caught in Greece and Malta. It typically swims near the ocean floor or in the water column over the continental shelf in poorly lit waters.
Bluntnose sixgill shark | Distribution and habitat
Shark Bay, Western Australia, to Wilsons Promontory, Victoria, and south to Maria Island, Tasmania.
Aetapcus maculatus | Distribution
The blackspot shark is native to the Indian and Pacific Oceans, where it is found on the continental shelves and shallow water around islands from the surf line to depths of about . It is not usually found in estuaries and may be intolerant of low-salinity water. In the Indian Ocean, it is found along the east coast of Africa from South Africa and Madagascar to Kenya. It is present in the water around the Seychelles and Mauritius, and further east, it is present around the coasts of Pakistan, India, and Sri Lanka. In the western Pacific Ocean, it is found along the coasts of Thailand, Vietnam, China, Indonesia, New Guinea, and northern and western Australia.
Blackspot shark | Distribution
This marine species occurs off the Kermadec Islands and New Caledonia.
Calliotropis blacki | Distribution
This marine species occurs off New Zealand.
Calliostoma blacki | Distribution
Their geographic distribution is restricted to remote, rugged areas at elevations of .
Formosan black bear | Introduction
The body is robustly built, with large, broad, paddle-like pectoral fins that originate under the fifth gill slit. The first dorsal fin originates over the posterior half of the pectoral fin bases. The second dorsal fin is about half as tall as the first and located over or slightly ahead of the anal fin. The anal fin is smaller than the second dorsal fin and has a deep notch in the rear margin. The caudal fin has a well-developed lower lobe and is preceded by a crescent-shaped notch on the upper side of the caudal peduncle. The coloration is a plain gray above, sometimes with a brownish or yellowish cast, and lighter below.
Daggernose shark | Description
The caudal fin is black with white corners.
Live sharksucker | Description
It prefers areas with a muddy or sandy substrate. It is tolerant of low dissolved oxygen levels, allowing it to inhabit oceanic basins inaccessible to other sharks.
Prickly shark | Distribution and habitat
The specimens date from the Early Miocene. Specimens were found along with fossils of "Isurus desori" and "Carcharocles chubutensis" (two species of sharks), as well as those of baleen whales, Teleostei, and sea turtles. Injuries, probably from sharks, were observed on at least two of the fossils.
Huaridelphis | Habitat
This phenomenon can be explained through a lack of competition: In the Mediterranean Sea "T. tripteronotus" occurs in depth from ⁠ whereas in the Atlantic Ocean, where "T. tripteronotus" is absent, this niche is free to occupy. The territorial males of "T. tripteronotus" and "T. melanurus" both have a red body with a black head,⁠ a signal that is strong in shallow waters where red light is still abundant, but becomes less and less striking with increasing depth due to the high absorption of long wavelengths in water. This might explain why "T. delaisi" only occurs below in depth, whereas "T.
Black-faced blenny | Distribution and habitat
Juveniles have dark blotches on the flank and dark tips on the dorsal fin and upper caudal lobe.
Sharpnose sevengill shark | Description
Adults are often found over moderately deep rocky reefs and pinnacles as well as open sandy areas.
Blacktip trevally | Distribution and habitat
Juveniles reportedly inhabit shallow bays close to the coast, and are occasionally seen near beaches. Adults live in much deeper water, normally between 30 and 60 m, although have been recorded at depths of around 90 m.
Longnose trevally | Distribution and habitat
The spadenose shark is found in the western Indo-Pacific from Tanzania to South and Southeast Asia, as far east as Java and Borneo and as far north as Taiwan and Japan. It is typically found close to the coast in water deep, often close to rocky bottoms. This shark is frequently reported from the lower reaches of rivers in Malaysia, Sumatra, and Borneo, though whether this species is capable of tolerating fresh water like the bull shark ("Carcharhinus leucas") is unclear due to a lack of salinity data from these areas.
Spadenose shark | Distribution and habitat
Northern populations are found in more open country and in the far north of its range it is found among mossy rocks and scree.
Black salamander | Distribution and habitat
The broadnose sevengill has so far been found in the western Pacific Ocean off China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, the eastern Pacific Ocean off Canada, United States and Chile, and the southern Atlantic Ocean off Argentina and South Africa. In San Francisco, California, it is significantly found in the San Francisco Bay particularly near the Golden Gate Bridge and Alcatraz Island. Large, old individuals tend to live in deep offshore environments as far down as . However, most individuals live in either the deep channels of bays, or in the shallower waters of continental shelves and estuaries. These sharks are mainly benthic in nature, cruising along the sea floor and making an occasional foray to the surface.
Broadnose sevengill shark | Range and habitat
The species is only known from two specimens collected from a village on Manus Island, the Admiralty Islands. It is expected to occur more widely in the highlands of Manus Island where forest patches remain. The specimens were collected from village house structures in small openings in the forest at night.
Nactus kunan | Distribution and habitat
This species lives in habitats that are intermediate between land and saltwater: in estuaries and salt marshes, at, or right above, the high tide level.
Assiminea grayana | Habitat
This species occurs in the Indian Ocean off Madagascar.
Nassarius lavanonoensis | Distribution
This species can be found in coastal reefs with rich coral growth.
Chaetodontoplus mesoleucus | Habitat
Primarily a coastal species of rock outcrops and bluffs but may extend inland up river gorges and in suitably exposed bluff habitats. Confined to the southern North Island from near Flat Point south to the mouth of the Orongorongo River. Native & Current:
Brachyglottis greyi | Distribution
The bignose shark ("Carcharhinus altimus") is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae. Distributed worldwide in tropical and subtropical waters, this migratory shark frequents deep waters around the edges of the continental shelf. It is typically found at depths of , though at night it may move towards the surface or into shallower water. The bignose shark is plain-colored and grows to at least in length. It has a long, broad snout with prominent nasal skin flaps, and tall, triangular upper teeth. Its pectoral fins are long and almost straight, and there is a ridge on its back between the two dorsal fins.
Bignose shark | Introduction
"salmonicida".
Blacktip reef shark | Biology and ecology
The minimum recorded depth is at the surface and the maximum recorded depth is .
Monoplex nicobaricus | Habitat
Zebra sharks sometimes cross oceanic waters to reach isolated seamounts. Movements of up to have been recorded for individual sharks. However, genetic data indicates that there is little exchange between populations of zebra sharks, even if their ranges are contiguous.
Zebra shark | Distribution and habitat
The porbeagle has an almost global amphitemperate distribution, i.e. it is absent from the tropics; in the North Pacific, its niche is assumed by the salmon shark. It is found mostly within 30–70°N and 30–50°S latitudes. In the North Atlantic, the northern limit of its range extends from the Newfoundland Grand Banks off Canada, through southern Greenland, to Scandinavia and Russia; the southern limit of its range extends from New Jersey and Bermuda, through the Azores and Madeira, to Morocco. It is found in the Mediterranean Sea, but not the Black Sea. Normally, North Atlantic sharks only stray as far south as South Carolina and the Gulf of Guinea, but pregnant females from the western North Atlantic population are known to range into the Sargasso Sea, almost as far as Hispaniola, to give birth.
Porbeagle | Distribution and habitat
Water salinity in this area ranges from 20 to 34 ppt, while the tidal amplitude can measure up to . Daggernose sharks are most common over shallow muddy banks and in estuaries and river mouths. It seems to be intolerant of low salinity, moving inshore during the dry season (June to November) and offshore during the rainy season (December to May). This species is not known to make long-distance movements, though some local seasonal movements are possible.
Daggernose shark | Distribution and habitat
"Heterodon simus" occurs in dry and open sandy areas, dry river floodplains, fields, and wire grass flatwoods.
Southern hognose snake | Habitat
The range of the dark shyshark is restricted to the coastal waters of southern Africa, from north of Lüderitz in southern Namibia to east of the Storms River mouth in the Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. It is abundant, particularly west of Cape Agulhas. This species is a bottom-dweller found close inshore, from the intertidal zone to a depth of . It prefers rocky reefs and kelp forests, but also presumably traverses sandy flats in between patches of more suitable habitat. As this shark is not known to travel long distances, there is likely subpopulation differentiation across parts of its range.
Dark shyshark | Distribution and habitat
The hardnose shark ("Carcharhinus macloti") is a species of requiem shark, in the family Carcharhinidae, so named because of the heavily calcified cartilages in its snout. A small bronze-coloured shark reaching a length of , it has a slender body and a long, pointed snout. Its two modestly sized dorsal fins have distinctively elongated rear tips. The hardnose shark is widely distributed in the western Indo-Pacific, from Kenya to southern China and northern Australia. It inhabits warm, shallow waters close to shore. Common and gregarious, the hardnose shark is a predator of bony fishes, cephalopods, and crustaceans. This species is viviparous, with the growing embryos sustained to term via a placental connection to their mother.
Hardnose shark | Introduction
Salween River Basin; freshwater
Mystacoleucus argenteus | Distribution and habitat
The lower teeth number 26–29 rows and are narrow and smooth-edged. There are five pairs of fairly short gill slits. The pectoral fins are fairly short and pointed, with a falcate (sickle-like) shape. The first dorsal fin is medium-sized and triangular, and originates roughly over the pectoral fin free rear tips. The second dorsal fin is small and low, and originates over the middle of the anal fin base. Both dorsal fins have very long free rear tips, and there is a subtle midline ridge between them. A prominent notch is present on the caudal peduncle at the dorsal origin of the caudal fin.
Hardnose shark | Description
In March 2017, one crocodile shark washed ashore dead off the coast of Devon, England in Hope Cove, the first ever seen off the coasts of the United Kingdom. Thus far, it remains unknown as to why this particular shark was present so far north of its normal range.
Crocodile shark | Distribution and habitat
Inhabiting the continental shelf, the Australian blacktip shark is found from Thevenard Island in Western Australia to Sydney in New South Wales. Within its range, it co-occurs with the common blacktip shark; the ratio between "C. limbatus" and "C. tilstoni" was once thought to be 1:300, but recent genetic studies have found it to be closer to 50:50. This species has been reported from the intertidal zone to a depth of ; larger sharks tend to occur in deeper water. Though it occupies the entire water column, it is most common close to the surface or in midwater. Genetic data suggest Australian blacktip sharks across northern Australia are all members of a single population.
Australian blacktip shark | Distribution and habitat