The most significant was that of Jagjivan Ram, who commanded great support amongst India's Dalit communities. A former Minister of Defence, Ram left the Congress (R) and along with his supporters formed the Congress for Democracy on 2 February 1977. Other co-founders included the former Chief Minister of Orissa Nandini Satpathy, former Union Minister of State for Finance K. R. Ganesh, former MP D. N. Tiwari and Bihar politician Raj Mangal Pandey.
Creation
Janata Party
Janata Party | Creation
23 January 1977 23 January 1977 23 January 1977 23 January 1977.
who was the first president of india to be elected unopposed
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Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
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was he involved in freedom struggle?
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Yes, he joined the Indian struggle for independence.
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which other political posts did he have?
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President of the Indian National Congress, Union Minister of Steel and Mines, Union Minister of Transport, Civil Aviation, Shipping and Tourism, speaker of the Lok Sabha, etc.
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which political party was he associated with?
user
Indian National Congress Party in the Indian independence movement and Janata Party as a candidate for Parliament.
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when was the second political party established?
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The second largest party, the Indian National Congress, declined to attempt to form a government, instead choosing to support one headed by Janata Dal, and chose Karnataka Chief Minister H. D. Deve Gowda to assume the Prime Minister post. Janata Dal and a bloc of smaller parties thus formed the United Front which would form the government coalition for the next two years. However, the United Front was beset by internal tensions, accommodating as it did parties with ideologies from free market to unreconstructed Marxist, and would spend the next two years balancing delicate coalition arrangements and appeasing this uneasy alliance.
1996 Indian general election | Results
After two years in the political wilderness, the BJP-led National Democratic Alliance (NDA), came to power with Vajpayee returning as Prime Minister in March 1998, when elections were called after India saw two unstable Governments headed by H. D. Deve Gowda and I. K. Gujral respectively. After the fall of two United Front government between 1996 and 1998 (H. D. Deve Gowda and I. K. Gujral), the Lok Sabha, (lower house) of India's Parliament was dissolved and new elections were held. Now, a coalition of political parties signed up with BJP to form the Nationwide Democratic Alliance (NDA), headed by A.
L. K. Advani | Second term (1998–99)
The most significant was that of Jagjivan Ram, who commanded great support amongst India's Dalit communities. A former Minister of Defence, Ram left the Congress (R) and along with his supporters formed the Congress for Democracy on 2 February 1977. Other co-founders included the former Chief Minister of Orissa Nandini Satpathy, former Union Minister of State for Finance K. R. Ganesh, former MP D. N. Tiwari and Bihar politician Raj Mangal Pandey.
Janata Party | Creation
Calling elections on 18 January 1977 the government released political prisoners and weakened restrictions and censorship on the press, although the state of emergency was not officially ended. When opposition leaders sought the support of Jayaprakash Narayan for the forthcoming election, Narayan insisted that all opposition parties form a united front. The Janata party was officially launched on 23 January 1977 when the Janata Morcha, Charan Singh's Bharatiya Lok Dal, Swatantra Party, the Socialist Party of India of Raj Narain and George Fernandes, and the Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS) joined together, dissolving their separate identities (the merger of all party organisations was to be completed after the election).
Janata Party | Creation
The Janata Party (Secular) () was an Indian political party founded by Raj Narain in July, 1979. On 16 July 1979, Charan Singh assumed its leadership and became the Prime Minister of India on 28 July 1979 with the support of the Indian National Congress (O) but resigned on 20 August 1979 after their withdrawal of support. The Janata Party led by Charan Singh was later renamed as Lok Dal before the 1980 Indian general election but officially contested in the elections under its previous name. In the elections for the 7th Lok Sabha in 1980, the party won 41 seats and received 9.39% of the total votes polled.
Janata Party (Secular) | Introduction
Total seven national parties, eighteen state parties, fifty-five registered (unrecognized) parties and other independent candidates contested for 70 assembly seats. With 52 seats, INC emerged as the single largest party and formed with Sheila Dikshit as the Chief Minister. With 17 seats BJP was at second position and JDU with one, at third.
Second Legislative Assembly of Delhi | Election and government formation
After the fall of the two United Front governments between 1996 and 1998, the Lok Sabha was dissolved and fresh elections were held. The 1998 general elections again put the BJP ahead of others. A number of political parties joined the BJP to form the National Democratic Alliance (NDA), and Vajpayee was sworn in as the Prime Minister. The coalition was an uneasy one, as apart from the Shiv Sena, none of the other parties espoused the BJP's Hindu-nationalist ideology. Vajpayee has been credited for managing this coalition successfully, while facing ideological pressure from the hardline wing of the party and from the RSS.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee | Second term: 1998–1999
A total of 53 parties and 533 independents contested the 489 seats in the election. Two former cabinet colleagues of Nehru established separate political parties to challenge the INC's supremacy. While Syama Prasad Mukherjee went on to found the Jana Sangh in October 1951, first Law Minister Dr. B. R. Ambedkar revived the Scheduled Castes Federation (which was later named the Republican Party). Other parties which started coming to the forefront included the Kisan Mazdoor Praja Parishad, whose prime mover was Acharya Kripalani; the Socialist Party, which had Ram Manohar Lohia and Jayaprakash Narayan's leadership to boast of; and the Communist Party of India.
1951–52 Indian general election | Political parties
In 1950 Ranadive was deposed from his role as general secretary, and the Andhra cadres led by C. Rajeshwara Rao took over the leadership of the party.
1964 split in the Communist Party of India | Second Party Congress and the Zhdanov Doctrine
The party was established in 1989. At the last legislative elections, held on 2 April 2004, the party won 0.5% of the popular vote and 2 out of 225 seats. One is an elected seat and the second member of parliament was appointed through the national list of the United National Party. The Leader of the party was P. Chandrasekaran, who was also The Minister of Community Development and Social Inequity Eradication in the current government. Chandrasekaran died on 1 January 2010, from a heart attack.
Up-Country People's Front | History
Although the political ideologies of Janata constituents were diverse and conflicting, the party was able to unite under the over-reaching appeal of Jayaprakash Narayan, who had been seen as the ideological leader of the anti-Emergency movement and now the Janata party. Chandra Shekhar became first president of Janata Party. Ramakrishna Hegde became the party general secretary, and Bharatiya Jana Sangh politician Lal Krishna Advani became the party spokesperson. The Janata manifesto was released on 10 February, which declared that the coming election presented voters with: As it became clear that Indira's Emergency rule had been widely unpopular, defections from the Congress (R) government increased.
Janata Party | Creation
The two parties contested the 1999 elections and fared badly in the election with the partly led by Surya Bahadur Thapa winning 11 seats and the party led by Lokendra Bahadur Chand not winning any seats. Following the elections the parties decided to merge again.
Rastriya Prajatantra Party | Second split, 1997-1999
In 1979, Desai and Vajpayee resigned, triggering the collapse of the Janata Party. The erstwhile members of the Bharatiya Jana Sangh came together to form the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1980, with Vajpayee as its first President. The 1984 general elections were held in the wake of Prime Minister Indira Gandhi's assassination by her Sikh bodyguards. While he had won the 1977 and the 1980 elections from New Delhi, Vajpayee shifted to his home town Gwalior for the election. Vidya Razdan was initially tipped to be the Congress (I) candidate. Instead, Madhavrao Scindia, scion of the Gwalior royal family, was brought in on the last day of filing nominations.
Atal Bihari Vajpayee | Janata and the BJP (1975–1995)
The Janata Party (JNP, translation: "People's Party") was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the Emergency that was imposed between 1975 to 1977 by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi of the Indian National Congress. In the 1977 general election, the party defeated the Congress and Janata leader Morarji Desai became the first non-Congress prime minister in independent modern India's history. Raj Narain, a socialist leader, had filed a legal writ alleging electoral malpractice against Indira Gandhi in 1971. On 12 June 1975, Allahabad High Court found her guilty of using corrupt electoral practices in her 1971 election victory over Narain in the Rae Bareli constituency.
Janata Party | Introduction
Joshi. The December meeting of the Central Committee sent out instruction to party branches to hastily elect delegates to the Second Party Congress.
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India | Background
Congress (O) veteran and Janata candidate Neelam Sanjiva Reddy won the presidential election to become the 6th President of India on 25 July 1977. The results of its election defeat considerably weakened and diminished the Congress (R). Significant numbers of Congress (R) MPs and activists condemned Indira's leadership and left the party. As a result, MPs still loyal to Indira Gandhi renamed their party to Congress (I) – "I" standing for Indira. Although no longer an MP, Indira Gandhi continued as the president of Congress (I), which remained the largest opposition party.
Janata Party | Government formation
In 1992, Yadav founded his own Samajwadi Party (Socialist Party). In 1993, he allied with the Bahujan Samaj Party for the elections to Uttar Pradesh assembly due to be held in November 1993. The alliance between Samajwadi Party and Bahujan Samaj Party prevented the return of BJP to power in the state. Yadav became chief minister of Uttar Pradesh with the support of Congress and Janata Dal. His stand on movement for demanding separate statehood for Uttarakhand was as much controversial as his stand on Ayodhya movement in 1990 was. There was a firing on Uttarakhand activists at Muzaffarnagar on 2 October 1994, something for which Uttarakhand activists held him responsible.
Mulayam Singh Yadav | Second term
The Congress Party had the reputation and glamour of having secured the independence of India from Britain, and there was essentially no second political party in the electoral firmament. Singhvi was drawn to politics as an opponent of this radical social agenda championed by Jawaharlal Nehru. Most of the radical legislation was passed during the term of the second Lok Sabha (1957–62). When elections for the third Lok Sabha were held in 1962, Singhvi stood for election as an independent candidate from his hometown, Jodhpur. Based on the goodwill his family enjoyed in Jodhpur, and on further goodwill and contacts created through his law practice, he won the election by a narrow margin and was elected to Parliament from the Jodhpur constituency.
Laxmi Mall Singhvi | Political career
The Bharatiya Janata Party, also commonly called the BJP (abbreviation for Bharatiya Janata Party), is one of the two major contemporary political parties in India, the other being the Indian National Congress. Founded by Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani in 1980, it dominates politics nationally for most of the period from 2014 onwards. There have been 2 Prime Ministers from the Bharatiya Janata Party, the first being Atal Bihari Vajpayee, serving as Prime Minister for 3 terms, and the second being the current Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
State units of the Bharatiya Janata Party | Introduction
The 2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India was held in Calcutta, West Bengal from 28 February to 6 March 1948. At the Second Party Congress, the party line shifted dramatically under the new General Secretary B.T. Ranadive and subsequently the party engaged in revolutionary insurrections across the country.
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India | Introduction
The line adopted at the Second Party Congress became popularly known as the 'Ranadive thesis', the 'Ranadive line' or 'Calcutta thesis'. The Second Party Congress raised the slogan that the independence achieved in 1947 was 'sham independence'. The Indian National Congress was denounced as a party of the bourgeoisie. The People's Democratic Revolution was outlined as a one-stage revolution, to be achieved through a united front of workers, peasants and revolutionary intellectuals. Thus the Second Party Congress implied a drastic shift in CPI policy, gearing towards armed insurrection against the nascent Indian state. The new line found inspiration in the Zhdanov Doctrine of the All-Union Communist Party (bolsheviks), which saw the world divided in an imperialist camp and a camp of people's democracies.
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India | New party line
The party had seen a rapid growth in membership in the years preceding the Second Party Congress, reaching around 89,000. In 1935 there had been only around 1,000 CPI members, and by 1943 the number had increased to around 16,000. Whilst the CPI constitution stipulated that an All India Party Conference be held yearly under normal conditions, the last one had been held in 1943. By the time the Second Party Congress finally convened, P.C. Joshi had served a 13-year term as Party General Secretary. When the Second Party Congress convened, CPI stood at a crossroads. Either they would work within the constitutional framework of the newly independent Indian state or it would engage in insurrectional revolutionary struggles.
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India | Background
He retained the seat at the 2nd parliamentary election, held between 24 May 1952 and 30 May 1952, receiving 41.19% of the total vote.
Somaweera Chandrasiri | Introduction
After the party's landslide victory, Singh resigned the party presidency to assume the position of Home Minister. He contested the 2014 Lok Sabha elections from Lucknow constituency and was subsequently elected as a Member of the Parliament.
Rajnath Singh | Second time (2013–2014)
The issue of "dual membership" caused Morarji Desai to lose the vote of confidence, and his government was reduced to a minority in the "Lok Sabha". After the Janata Party started disintegrating in 1979, Charan Singh left it to form the Janata (Secular) Party and with support from the Congress Party, replaced Desai as Prime Minister. In the seventh general elections held in 1980, the Janata (Secular) ministry failed to maintain a majority in the "Lok Sabha", and Congress once again became the ruling party. Fernandes retained his Parliamentary seat from Muzaffarpur in 1980, and sat in the opposition. He contested for the "Lok Sabha" in 1984 from Bangalore North constituency against future Railway minister and Congress candidate C.
George Fernandes | Party memberships and railway ministry
In response, the former Jana Sangh members left to create a new political party, known as the Bharatiya Janata Party.
Bharatiya Janata Party | Janata Party (1977–80)
The Jan Morcha (translation: "People's Front") was an Indian political party founded by V. P. Singh after he left the Indian National Congress party in 1987 upon being dismissed as Defence Minister by Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. Together with Arun Nehru, Arif Mohammed Khan, Mufti Mohammad Sayeed, Vidya Charan Shukla, Ram Dhan, Raj Kumar Rai and Satyapal Malik, Singh formed a nucleus of opposition to the Rajiv Gandhi government that had a commanding majority in the Lok Sabha. Following the increasing visibility of his stand against corruption in public life and his growing popularity, the social-democratic parties like the Janata Party, Lok Dal and Congress (S) – many of them survivors of the original Janata Party of 1977 – came together and merged with the Jan Morcha to form the Janata Dal to fight the 1989 general elections.
Jan Morcha | Introduction
The second Parindra was established as a "splinter party" in 1949 by one of the leaders of the pre-war party, R.P. Soeroso. Its membership comprised members of the old Parindra that had decided not to join the PNI
Great Indonesia Party | Post-independence party
The reforms initiated by the Basu government in its first term were continued into its second term, Operation Barga was officially completed in 1986. Basu's front won 174 seats in 1982 West Bengal Elections defeating Siddhartha Shankar Ray led Indian National Congress. He was the one of the most powerful personality of the Left front after becoming the Chief Minister of West Bengal and was known to be the Chief artist of the Communist not only in the West Bengal, but also in the whole India. Ahead of the 1982 assembly elections, the Left Front had gained three new members; the Communist Party of India (CPI), the West Bengal Socialist Party (WBSP) and the Democratic Socialist Party (DSP).
Jyoti Basu | Second Term (1982–1987)
In 1977, Erasmo de Sequeira joined hands with the Bharatiya Lok Dal, headed by Charan Singh. He did this without consulting his party members. The party members were enraged, causing the UGP(Sequeira group) to split into two groups: UGP (Sequeria Group) and UGP (Naik Group). He lost the next parliamentary election to Eduardo Faleiro of UGP-N in March 1977. In the next Assembly elections, UGP-S managed to win just three seats as compared to UGP-N, which won 10 seats.
United Goans Party | Second Split
He also participated in the formation of the Janata Party and its initial setup (Janata Party was an amalgam of Indian political parties opposed to the State of Emergency). As a result, the party formation was complete and the party was ready when elections were declared in 1977.
Uttamrao Patil | Emergency years (1975-1977)
As Narayanan's tenure neared its end, various sections of public opinion looked forward to a second term of his Presidency. The NDA had a slender majority in the electoral college. Narayanan offered to be a consensus candidate. Opposition parties (including the Congress, the Left Front, Janata Dal (Secular), and various regional parties) supported a second term for him, and Sonia Gandhi met him to request his candidature; Vajpayee then met Narayanan, informed him that there was no consensus within the NDA on the question, and advised against his candidature. The NDA then proposed to elevate the Vice-President Krishan Kant as a consensus; this drew support from the opposition and an agreement to this effect was conveyed by Vajpayee's representative to the Congress.
K. R. Narayanan | Demission of office
After the State of Emergency in 1977, the Jana Sangh merged with several other parties to form the Janata Party; it defeated the incumbent Congress party in the 1977 general election. After three years in power, the Janata party dissolved in 1980 with the members of the erstwhile Jana Sangh reconvening to form the BJP. Although initially unsuccessful, winning only two seats in the 1984 general election, it grew in strength on the back of the Ram Janmabhoomi movement. Following victories in several state elections and better performances in national elections, the BJP became the largest party in the parliament in 1996; however, it lacked a majority in the lower house of Parliament, and its government lasted only 13 days.
Bharatiya Janata Party | Introduction
Government Formation (United Democratic Front) After the elections, Congress party emerged as the single largest party, but in the absence of majority, Gian Singh Rarewala formed the government with the support of Akali Dal, Communist Party of India, Lal Communist Party Hind Union, Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party and Independents on 22 April 1952. The coalition was named as United Democratic Front. Thus, he became the first non-Congress Chief Minister of any state in independent India.
1952 Patiala and East Punjab States Union Legislative Assembly election | Results
Avoided all the efforts and persuasions of Mohammad Ali Jinnah to merge the Party with Muslim League before 1937 election. Muslim Independent Party fought election in 1937 with the Congress on seat sharing basis and Became Second Largest Party after Congress in the House. Became Member of Bihar Legislative Council again in 1937 on Muslim Independent Party Ticket from West Patna (Rural) Constituency, and became First Prime Minister in 1937: took oath as First Prime Minister of Bihar province on 1 April 1937 under the Government of India Act, 1935. His government had Abdul Wahab Khan as revenue Minister, Kumar Ajit Singh Deo as L.S.G.
Mohammad Yunus (politician) | Political and social affairs
The Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) Second Central Committee [CPI (M-L) 2nd CC] is a political party in India. It emerged in 1973 when the pro-Charu Majumdar faction of the original CPI (M-L) got divided into pro and anti-Lin Piao groups. The CPI (M-L) 2nd CC represents the pro-Lin Piao stream. At present, the party is active in states like Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and West Bengal.
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Second Central Committee | Introduction
During the emergency, the leaders and activists of the Janata Morcha were imprisoned. After the 1977 elections were called, the constituents of the Janata Morcha formally launched the Janata Party on 18 January 1977, determined to forge a united front of all opposition political parties. The Janata party replicated the success of the Morcha in Gujarat by winning the 1977 elections and forming the first non-Congress government of India.
Janata Morcha | Janata Party
On 31 October 1920 Party prepared a second congress. In this congress Hüseyin Hilmi became "founder and unchangeable leader". With this, the opposition tried to exile Hilmi and friends. But Hilmi and Hilmi's friends survived this opposition. With this, the opposition split from the party and founded the Independent Socialist Party. After the split, the party lost power.
Hüseyin Hilmi | Second Congress and dissolution
In 1948, he formed Ganamukti Parishad, which was engaged in an armed struggle from 1948–50. In 1950, he along with his followers, joined the Communist Party of India. He became a member of the central committee of the party in 1951. After the party split in 1964, he joined Communist Party of India (Marxist). In 1964, he founded the Tripura Rajya Upajati Ganamukti Parishad, a frontal organization of CPI(M). He was elected to the Lok Sabha in 1952, 1957, 1962 and 1971 from Tripura East constituency. In 1978, he was elected for the first time in Tripura Vidhan Sabha from Ramchandraghat constituency and became the Minister for Education in the first Left Front government.
Dasarath Deb | Political career
The party secured eight seats, winning only 3% of the votes. The next year, in 1972, its founder C. Rajagopalachari died, and the party declined rapidly. By 1974, it merged into the Charan Singh-led Bharatiya Kranti Dal, another coalition committed to anti-Congressism.
Conservatism in India | Post Independence
After Indian independence in 1947, the Indian National Congress became the dominant political party in the country. In 1952, in the first general election held after Independence, the party swept to power in the national parliament and most state legislatures. It held power nationally until 1977, when it was defeated by the Janata coalition. It returned to power in 1980 and ruled until 1989, when it was once again defeated. The party formed the government in 1991 at the head of a coalition, as well as in 2004 and 2009, when it led the United Progressive Alliance. During this period the Congress remained centre-left in its social policies while steadily shifting from a socialist to a neoliberal economic outlook.
Indian National Congress | Post-independence
The 2007 Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly election were the second Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) election of the state. The elections were held on 21 February 2007, when the Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the largest party with 35 seats in the 70-seat legislature. One seat short of forming a majority, the BJP have had to rely on support from the Uttarakhand Kranti Dal and three Independents to form the government. The Indian National Congress became the official opposition, holding 21 seats.
2nd Uttarakhand Assembly | Introduction
N. Chandrababu Naidu of the Telugu Desam Party served as the convener of United Front. The Indian general election in 1996 returned a fractured verdict. With the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) emerging as the largest party, with 161 of 543 seats, it was invited first to form a government. It accepted the offer, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee was sworn in as prime minister. However, he was unable to muster a majority on the floor of the house, and the government fell 13 days later. At a meeting of all the other parties, the Indian National Congress, with a substantial 140 seats, declined to head the government and along with the Communist Party of India (Marxist), agreed to extend outside support to a coalition with the Janata Dal at its head, named the "United Front".
Third Front (India) | United Front (1996–1998)
In 1962, he joined the Indian National Congress and decided to fight the elections for Third Legislative Assembly of Uttar Pradesh from the erstwhile Gauny-Gondwa constituency in Hardoi District. In this election as well he defeated his nearest rival Rajendra Singh from Jan Sangh party by more than 5000 votes and was elected as an MLA for second consecutive time. . During this tenure as MLA from 1962 to 1967, Verma continued his efforts towards the development of the district and established Ram Bajpai Memorial School in 1964 and CSN Degree College in 1965. In 1967 Chaudhary Charan Singh, the then Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh formed a polictical party called Bharatiya Kranti Dal and he invited Verma to join the political party.
Mohan Lal Verma | Political life after independence
The party was founded in 2002, as four Members of the Bihar Legislative Assembly broke away from the Janata Dal (United). The four founding legislators were Laxmi Narayan Yadav, Jainandan Yadav, Vishwanath Singh and Sashi Kumar Rai, with Rai heading the legislative faction. The party supported the government of Rabri Devi. However, in 2004 the four legislators broke their links with the Devi government and merged back into JD(U). As of 2004 MP Jai Narain Prasad Nishad served as president of the party.
Jai Prakash Janta Dal | Formation
After his stint in Brazil, He returned to India and became the chef de cabinet to the Chairman of Tata group J.R.D Tata. In 1950 he founded 'Freedom First' , a monthly magazine in cause of liberal policy and politics. He went back to electoral politics and got elected to Loksabha in 1957 from Ranchi as an independent candidate. In 1959 he founded Swatantra Party along with C Rajagopalachari . He won a by election from Rajkot as a Swatantra party candidate. He represented Rajkot till 1971. He was one of the few politicians who opposed the nationalisation of banks by Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.
Minoo Masani | Political Life
Chandra Shekhar, Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Deve Gowda went on to serve as Prime Ministers; Vajpayee led the first non-Congress government to complete a full five-year term from 1999 to 2004. Lal Krishna Advani served as deputy prime minister. Younger politicians such as Subramanian Swamy, Arun Jaitley, Pramod Mahajan, Sushma Swaraj and others were grass-roots activists in the Janata party. The Janata Party continued to exist led by Subramanian Swamy, which maintained a small presence in the politics of the state of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Kerala, Maharashtra, Chandigarh, Delhi and at the national stage. Janata party continued its lead as opposition in AP until the formation of TDP party, due to prominent leaders such as Jaipal Reddy, Babul Reddy and T.
Janata Party | Legacy
The Bharatiya Janata Party was officially founded in 1980, and the first general election it contested was in 1984, in which it won only two Lok Sabha seats. Following the election in 1996, the BJP became the largest party in the Lok Sabha for the first time, but the government it formed was short-lived. In the elections of 1998 and 1999, it remained the largest party, and headed the ruling coalition on both occasions. In the 2014 general election, it won an outright majority in parliament. From 1991 onwards, a BJP member has led the Opposition whenever the party was not in power.
Bharatiya Janata Party | General election results
Although Narayan and Kripalani did not seek office themselves, they became the leading campaigners for the Janata party, drawing great masses of people in rallies across the country. Actions taken during Emergency significantly diminished support for the Congress (R) amongst its most loyal constituencies. The bulldozing of slums near the Jama Masjid was widely unpopular amongst India's Muslims, and the defection of Jagjivan Ram significantly diminished support for the Congress (R) amongst India's Dalits. BLD leader Charan Singh's peasant roots helped him raise considerable support in the rural parts of Uttar Pradesh, the most populous state of India. The Shiromani Akali Dal, the party of the Sikhs of Punjab and regional political parties such as the Tamil Nadu-based Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam became important allies.
Janata Party | 1977 elections
The Janata Party was formed by political leaders and activists of various political parties who had been united in opposing the state of Emergency imposed in 1975 by then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. After elections were called in 1977, the Janata Party was formed from the union of the Congress (O), the Swatantra Party, the Socialist Party of India, the Jana Sangh and the Lok Dal. Jagjivan Ram split from the Indian National Congress, bringing a small faction known as the Congress for Democracy with him, and joined the Janata alliance. The widespread unpopularity of Emergency rule gave the Janata Party and its allies a landslide victory in the election.
L. K. Advani | Janata Party to Bharatiya Janata Party
He won as an independent candidate in Chitradurga for the first time in 1994 Karnataka elections. He later joined the Indian National Congress party and was the MLA of Congress in Chitradurga constituency. He left the Congress party and joined Bharatiya Janata Party.
G. H. Thippareddy | Political Party
In the meantime the party was also affected due to double-edged confrontation emerging out of the disunity between the three allied castes and superior organisational structure of Congress. According to political analysts, the superiority complex in Yadavs vis a vis Kurmi and Koeris lead to the decline of the organisation which could claim of being the first political set-up of backward castes in Bihar.
Triveni Sangh | Formation
However, within a day, the NDA unable to reach an internal consensus, decided to propose another candidate Dr. P. C. Alexander. Alexander's candidature drew disapproval of the opposition. The pposition parties approached Narayanan and renewed their request to seek a second term. The NDA then put forth a third candidate Abdul Kalam as their official choice, without seeking consensus; one opposition party (the Samajwadi Party under Mulayam Singh Yadav) dissipated the unity of the Opposition by supporting this proposal. Narayanan opted himself out from a contest at this point. When asked about these events later, Narayanan accused the BJP of scuttling a second term of his Presidency.
K. R. Narayanan | Demission of office
Bhandari founded the Sikkim Janata Parishad in 1977. This party won the state assembly election in 1979, and he became the chief minister for the first time on 18 October 1979. In 1984, he also served briefly as member of parliament from the Sikkim constituency in the 8th Lok Sabha as an independent candidate. In 1984, Bhandari dissolved Sikkim Janata Parishad and formed a new party called Sikkim Sangram Parishad (SSP). This party ran in the assembly elections in 1985 and won, and Bhandari became the chief minister for the second time. In 1989, SSP returned to power by winning the assembly elections.
Nar Bahadur Bhandari | Politics
When the Bharatiya Janata Party was formed in 1980, he was appointed as a Secretary and in charge of Gujarat, Odisha and Madhya Pradesh. Remained on this post until 1984. Throughout the years, he held offices as a national General Secretary, Vice-President or "in-charge" of a particular state.
Kushabhau Thakre | Established politician (1980-2000)
The pro-Lin Piao faction organized its 'Second Party Congress' in December 1973 at Kamalpur, a Naxalite bastion in Hooghly-Burdwan district frontier. The Congress reaffirmed the programme of the undivided CPI (M-L), adopted at the first party congress in 1970, and paid red salutes to Lin Piao and Charu Majumdar. As soon as the Congress was over, the party launched a wave of weapon snatches, attacks on police, prison escapes and annihilation campaigns. By 1973-74 10 policemen in West Bengal were killed by the party and there were 39 incidents of gun snatching. But when the state machinery came down on the revolutionaries heavily, the party had to face a serious setback.
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Second Central Committee | History
By the time Y. S. Rajasekhar Reddy undertook his padayatra in 2003, Sridhar Babu was the Karimnagar district party president. In the 2004 elections, in which the Congress Party gained power, he defeated the TDP candidate, Somarapu Satyanarayana, by a margin of 42,560 votes. He became a Government Whip in the 12th Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly.
Sridhar Babu | Second term (2004–2009)
Subbaiah was elected as first president of the Bharatiya Janata Party in 1980. During his supervision, the party won 18 assembly seats in the 1983 elections. The first non-congress government in Karnataka was then formed by Shri Ramakrishna Hegde with outside support from AKS and the 18 BJP MLAs (Members of Legislative Assembly). In 1984, AKS was expelled from the party due to ideological differences and went on to form his own Kannada Nadu party. He again was elected an MLC for the last time with the Congress party under the leadership of Shri. Rajeev Gandhi. AKS continued his anti-BJP and anti-Sangha activities until his death in August 2019.
A.K.Subbaiah | Career
After the 2018 assembly elections, BJP emerged as the single largest party with 104 seats, followed by the INC with 78 seats and JD(S) with 37 seats. INC extended the support to JD(S) to form the government. Governor Vajubhai Vala invited BJP to form the government and B. S. Yeddyurappa was sworn in as the Chief Minister. But B. S. Yeddyurappa could not prove the majority of his government and resigned after 2 days of being sworn in. After that, H. D. Kumaraswamy of the JD(S) was sworn in as the Chief Minister, with the support of INC, BSP, KPJP and IND MLA.
Second H. D. Kumaraswamy ministry | Tenure of the Government
Morarji Desai became the Prime Minister of India, Advani became the Minister of Information and Broadcasting and Vajpayee became the Foreign Minister. The erstwhile members of the Jana Sangh quit the Janata Party and formed the new Bharatiya Janata Party. Advani became a prominent leader of the newly founded BJP and represented the party in the Rajya Sabha (upper house of the Indian Parliament) from Madhya Pradesh for two terms beginning in 1982.
L. K. Advani | Janata Party to Bharatiya Janata Party
First he was from Bharatiya Janata Party later join the Indian National Congress.
Vadnal Rajanna | Political party
The Janata Morcha ("People's Front") was a coalition of Indian political parties formed in 1974 to oppose the government of Indian Prime Minister Indira Gandhi and her Congress (R) party. The coalition was an integral part of the popular movement against the Emergency rule of Indira Gandhi and the direct predecessor of the Janata Party, which defeated the Congress (R) in the 1977 Indian general election to form the first non-Congress government in independent India. It was formed by Jayaprakash Narayan and Morarji Desai, chief of the main opposition Congress (O) party.
Janata Morcha | Introduction
The Bharatiya Jana Sangh (BJS), commonly known as the Jana Sangh, was an Indian nationalist political party that existed from 1951 to 1977 and was socially conservative. In 1977, it merged with several other left, centre and right parties opposed to rule of the Indian National Congress and formed the Janata Party. After the Janata Party split in 1980, it was re-formed as the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) in 1980, which is currently India's largest political party by primary membership and representation in Lok Sabha. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) is one of the two major political parties in India, along with the Indian National Congress.
Conservatism in India | Bharatiya Jana Sangh and Bharatiya Janata Party
In 1984, he joined the Janata Party and unsuccessfully contested the parliamentary election from Aurangabad, Bihar, but still he was able to shake the bastion of the Rajput Supremo Sri Satyendra Narayan Sinha as he had to trail in one of the assembly segments for the first time.
Shankar Dayal Singh | Janata Party
At the 2nd Party Congress, held in Calcutta in 1948, there was an abrupt change leadership and political line. The moderate Joshi was replaced by Ranadive as the new general secretary of the party and people's democratic revolution through class struggle and mass upsurge became the new party line. The new party line drew inspiration from the Zhdanov Doctrine. However the attempt to organize a mass upsurge failed and the party leaders were either jailed or forced to go underground. Between 1949 and 1951 factional conflict virtually paralyzed the party. By mid-1949 Andhra communists had begun advocating that a 'Maoist' strategy for revolution was apt for India, based on their experience from the Telangana armed struggle.
1964 split in the Communist Party of India | Second Party Congress and the Zhdanov Doctrine
Mokshed Ali, revolted against Kumar's leadership. In July 1969 the two legislators were expelled from RCPI, accused of "anti-Party and anti-UF activities". The expulsion provoked a split in RCPI, with Anadi Das leading his own RCPI faction.
Revolutionary Communist Party of India | In the Second United Front government
General elections were held in India in 1984 soon after the assassination of previous Prime Minister, Indira Gandhi, though the vote in Assam and Punjab was delayed until 1985 due to ongoing fighting. The election was a landslide victory for the Indian National Congress of Rajiv Gandhi (son of Indira Gandhi), which won 404 of the 514 seats elected in 1984 and a further 10 in the delayed elections. The Telugu Desam Party of N. T. Rama Rao, a regional political party from the southern state of Andhra Pradesh, was the second largest party, winning 30 seats, thus achieving the distinction of becoming the first regional party to become a national opposition party.
1984 Indian general election | Introduction
K. S. Venkatakrishna Reddiar was elected president and the party fielded candidates in 55 constituencies in the 1957 state assembly elections, to emerge as the second largest party in Madras state with 13 seats in the legislative assembly. The Congress Reform Committee also contested 12 Lok Sabha seats during the 1957 Indian elections. The committee became a fully-fledged political party and was renamed the Indian National Democratic Congress at a state conference held in Madurai on September 28–29, 1957. On 4 June 1959, shortly after the Nagpur session of the Indian National Congress, Rajagopalachari, along with Murari Vaidya of the newly established Forum of Free Enterprise (FFE) and Minoo Masani, a classical liberal and critic of socialist Nehru, announced the formation of the new Swatantra Party at a meeting in Madras.
C. Rajagopalachari | Split from Congress – parting of ways
Together with associates Arun Nehru and Arif Mohammad Khan, Singh floated an opposition party named Jan Morcha. He was re-elected to Lok Sabha in a tightly contested by-election from Allahabad, defeating Sunil Shastri. On 11 October 1988, the birthday of the original Janata coalition's leader Jayaprakash Narayan, Singh founded the Janata Dal by the merger of Jan Morcha, Janata Party, Lok Dal and Congress (S), in order to bring together all the centrist parties opposed to the Rajiv Gandhi government, and Singh was elected the President of the Janata Dal. An opposition coalition of the Janata Dal with regional parties including the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, Telugu Desam Party, and Asom Gana Parishad, came into being, called the National Front, with V.
Vishwanath Pratap Singh | Formation of Janata Dal
Even after India attaining Independence from the British Raj in 1947, India is governed till today either by Indian National Congress or Bharatiya Janata Party, dominated by some upper castes (15% of population), or by only one family for a long time. This created a wide disparity in Socio-Economical development between Forward Caste and Backward Classes in India. Backward Classes, comprising 52% of population (consisting of 94 castes), neither came to power by floating a political parties before nor democratically elected member of Backward Classes community was allowed to become the Prime Minister of India through Indian National Congress or Bharatiya Janata Party.
Rajyadhikara Party | Party history
Voting was held immediately after the assassination of Indira Gandhi and the 1984 anti-Sikh riots in November and most of India supported Congress. The Bharatiya Janata Party won its first two seats, in Hanamkonda and Mahesana.
1984 Indian general election | Introduction
2007 Uttarakhand state assembly elections were the second Vidhan Sabha elections held in the state. The Bharatiya Janata Party emerged as the single largest party with 35 seats in the 70-seat legislature. One seat short of forming a majority, the BJP had to rely on the support of the Uttarakhand Kranti Dal and three independents to form the government. Former Union Minister B. C. Khanduri became the new Chief Minister. The Indian National Congress was the official opposition, holding 21 seats.
Elections in Uttarakhand | 2nd Assembly Election, 2007
Most of the group members lost their seats in the elections held on 3 July 1923. But Rauf Orbay kept his seat and in 1924 he was one of the founders of the Progressive Republican Party.
Second Group (Turkey) | End of the group
V.P. Singh lost a parliamentary vote of confidence on November 7, 1990. In the 1991 Indian general election the Janata Dal lost power but emerged as the third largest party in Lok Sabha. Janata Dal-led United Front formed the government after the 1996 Indian general election with the outside support of the Indian National Congress. But after this the Janata Dal gradually disintegated into various smaller factions, largely regional parties Biju Janata Dal, Rashtriya Janata Dal, Janata Dal (Secular) and Janata Dal (United).
Janata Dal | History
Both Charan Singh and Jagjivan Ram were accorded the title of deputy prime minister. Charan Singh became the Minister of Home Affairs, the second-most important position in the Council of Ministers, while Jagjivan Ram took charge of the Ministry of Defence. BJS leaders Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Lal Krishna Advani were respectively given charge of the Ministry of External Affairs and the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting. Raj Narain was appointed Minister of Health, Madhu Dandavate was to head the Ministry of Railways and trade unionist George Fernandes was made the Minister of Communications. Jurist Shanti Bhushan was appointed Minister of Law and Justice.
Janata Party | Government formation
It also drew upon the experiences of Bengali communists in the post-Partition chaos in Calcutta and the resistance against the Nizam regime in the Hyderabad State. Another meeting held in the city around just a few days before the Second Party Congress was the Conference of Youth and Students of Southeast Asia Fighting for Freedom and Independence, which has been credited with disseminating the Zhdanov insurrectional line throughout the continent.
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India | New party line
The Janata Dal (Secular) traces its roots back to the Janata Party founded by Jayaprakash Narayan who united all the opposition parties under one banner for the 1977 national elections. The Janata Dal was formed on the merger of the Janata Party with smaller opposition parties in 1988. Vishwanath Pratap Singh became the first Prime Minister of India from Janata Dal when he headed the National Front government in 1989. Later Deve Gowda and Inder Kumar Gujral too became prime ministers heading the United Front (UF) coalition governments in 1996 and 1997 respectively. In 1999, when some senior leaders of the party decided to join hands with the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)-led NDA, the party split into factions.
H. D. Deve Gowda | Post-premiership
Third Front national governments were formed in 1989 and 1996 with outside support of one of the two major parties, BJP or Congress. The CPI-M gave outside support to the Congress Party from 2004–2008, but later withdrew support after the India–United States Civil Nuclear Agreement.
Confidence and supply | India
On 24 February 1975 Mujibur announced the formation of the only legal political party of the country the Bangladesh Krishak Sramik Awami League (BaKSAL). The announcement automatically abolished all other political parties of the country, eventually made the other parties that did not join BaKSAL outlawed. The constitution of the new party was declared on 6 June of the same year by Mujibur. The formation of the party was a follow up of the Fourth Amendment that gave all the power to the President to form the party through his executive order. It was also provided that the government servant would be qualified to be a member of the national party according to Article 117A(4) of the constitution.
Second Revolution (Bangladesh) | One-party system
He was also elected to the Constituent Assembly of India. Radhakrishnan was elected as the first Vice-President of India in 1952, and elected as the second President of India (1962–1967). Radhakrishnan did not have a background in the Congress Party, nor was he active in the struggle against British rules. He was the "politician in shadow". His motivation lay in his pride of Hindu culture, and the defence of Hinduism against "uninformed Western criticism". According to the historian Donald Mackenzie Brown,
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan | Political career
He started his political life as a student leader and was member of Bharatiya Janata Party. In 2007 he left Bharatiya Janata Party to join Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik). Babulal Marandi expelled his party MLAs Yadav and Bandhu Tirkey from the party for anti-party activities. Both of them later joined Indian National Congress in its Delhi headquarters as Jharkhand Vikas Morcha (Prajatantrik) party was merged with Bharatiya Janata Party
Pradeep Yadav | Introduction
BTR was elected as new General Secretary of the party. In the election to the new Central Committee all of the candidates proposed by the outgoing leadership were elected, with the exception of P.C. Joshi, who was left out of the new Central Committee.
2nd Congress of the Communist Party of India | CC election
The Janata Party was formed by political leaders and activists of various political parties who had been united in opposing the state of emergency imposed in 1975 by then-Prime Minister Indira Gandhi. After elections were called in 1977, the Janata Party was formed from the union of the Congress (O), Swatantra Party, Socialist Party of India, Bharatiya Jana Sangh and the Lok Dal. Congress defector Jagjivan Ram, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna & Nandini Satpathy formed the Congress for Democracy and joined the Janata alliance. The widespread unpopularity of Emergency rule gave Janata and its allied a landslide victory in the election.
Premiership of Morarji Desai | Emergency and election victory
Shiromani Akali Dal, Janata Party and CPI-M had contested the 1977 election to Punjab Legislative Assembly in an alliance and out of total 117 seats they respectively won 58, 17 and 8 seats. The leader of Akali Dal Prakash Singh Badal became chief minister. His ministry had members from Akali Dal and Janata Party with outside support from CPI-M. Badal was sworn as chief minister on 23 June 1977. His ministry was dismissed on 17 February 1980 when Indira Gandhi returned to power at centre. Here are the names of the ministers:
Second Prakash Singh Badal ministry | Introduction
He joined the total revolution of J.P. Movement in 1975 and was detained under MISA (and kept in Dhenkanal and Palahara Jail) and DIR. After the lifting of National Emergency, he was released from Jail and he joined Bharatiya Jana Sangha. Thenafter, the Janata Party was formed under the leadership of Late Chandrasekhar (Ex-Prime Minister of India). He contested for Janata Party and Won the Legislative Assembly Seat from Kamakhyanagar constituency in the year 1977 at the age of 28 years. In 1980, Bharatiya Jana Sanga revived again as Bharatiya Janata Party and Prasanna Pattnaik became the National Executive Member of BJP under the leadership of Shri Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
Prasanna Pattnaik | Political career
Most of the leaders were either incarcerated or killed. The reorganisation process, therefore, began after August 1977 when the detainees were released.
Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist) Second Central Committee | History
The second Huq coalition government was formed on 12 December 1941. The coalition was supported by most members in the Bengal Legislative Assembly, except for the Muslim League. Supporters included the secular faction of the Krishak Praja Party led by Shamsuddin Ahmed, the Forward Bloc founded by Subhash Chandra Bose, pro-Bose members of the Bengal Congress and the Hindu Mahasabha led by Syama Prasad Mukherjee. The cabinet included Nawab Bahabur Khwaja Habibullah, Khan Bahadur Abdul Karim, Khan Bahadur Hashem Ali Khan, Shamsuddin Ahmed, Syama Prasad Mukherjee, Santosh Kumar Bose and Upendranath Barman. Despite Huq enjoying the confidence of most of the assembly, he had tense relations with the Governor of Bengal, John Herbert.
A. K. Fazlul Huq | Second Premiership (1941-1943)
Chandrasekhar was jailed during the emergency and after, he became the President of Janata Party. In the parliamentary elections, Janata Party formed the government after the 1977 Indian general election headed by Morarji Desai.However the party lost the 1980 elections and were routed in 1984 Indian general election winning just 10 seats and Chandrasekhar losing his own Ballia seat to Jagannath Chowdhary. In 1988, his party merged with other parties and formed the government under the leadership of V.P. Singh. Again his relationship with the coalition deteriorated and he formed another party, Janata Dal socialist faction. With the support of Congress (I) headed by Rajiv Gandhi, he replaced V.P.
Chandra Shekhar | In Janata Party
The chief reason for the collapse was the demand by the duo and other left-leaning members, like Madhu Limaye, Krishan Kant, and George Fernandes that no member of the Janata party could simultaneously be a member of an alternative social or political organisation. This attack on "dual membership" was directed specifically at members of the Janata party who had been members of the Jan Sangh, and continued to be members of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh, the Jan Sangh's ideological parent.
Morarji Desai | Intra-party squabbles and collapse of Janata government
The Congress for Democracy was launched on February 2, 1977. Jagjivan Ram became the president of the party and former Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna became the party general secretary. Other co-founders included the former Chief Minister of Orissa Nandini Satpathy, former Union Minister of State for Finance K. R. Ganesh, former M.P. Dwarka Nath Tiwary and Bihari politician Raj Mangal Pandey.
Congress for Democracy | Formation
He had formed the National Democratic Party within the Parliament. It consisted of 32 members of the Lok Sabha and 10 members of the Rajya Sabha; however, it was not recognised by the speaker as an opposition party. The BJS was created with the objective of nation-building and "nationalising" all non-Hindus by "inculcating Bharatiya Culture" in them. The party was ideologically close to the RSS and widely considered the proponent of Hindu nationalism.
Syama Prasad Mukherjee | Political career after independence
The Indian general election in 1996 returned a fractured verdict. With the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) emerging as the largest party, with 161 of 543 seats, it was invited first to form a government. It accepted the offer, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee was sworn in as prime minister. However, he was unable to muster a majority on the floor of the house, and the government fell 13 days later. At a meeting of all the other parties, the Indian National Congress, with a substantial 140 seats, declined to head the government and along with the Communist Party of India (Marxist), agreed to extend outside support to a coalition with the Janata Dal at its head, named the "United Front".
United Front (India) | Background
After assembly elections across the country in 1967, the party entered into a coalition with several other parties, including the Swatantra Party and the socialists. It formed governments in various states across the Hindi heartland, including Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh. It was the first time the Jana Sangh held political office, albeit within a coalition; this caused the shelving of the Jana Sangh's more radical agenda.
Bharatiya Janata Party | Bharatiya Jana Sangh (1951–77)
Bharatiya Lok Dal ("Indian Peoples' Party") was a political party in India. The BLD or simply BL was formed at the end of 1974 through the fusion of seven parties opposed to the rule of Indira Gandhi, including the Swatantra Party, the Utkal Congress, the Bharatiya Kranti Dal, and the Socialist Party. The leader of the BLD was Charan Singh. In 1977, the BLD combined with the Jan Sangh and the Indian National Congress (Organization) to form the Janata Party. The newly formed Janata Party contested the 1977 elections on the BLD symbol and formed independent India's first government not ruled by the Indian National Congress.
Bharatiya Lok Dal | Introduction
Janata Party was a recent amalgam of disparate groups including Indian National Congress (Organisation), Charan Singh's Bharatiya Lok Dal (BLD), Socialists and Hindu Nationalists of Jana Sangh. The sole purpose of these groups joining together was to defeat Prime Minister Indira Gandhi, who had imposed a nationwide emergency and curtailed many freedoms. There were also social cleavages with Socialists and BLD representing backward castes and Congress(O) and Jana Sangh the upper castes. Infighting in the party broke over the question of Chief Minister Karpoori Thakur's decision to implement the Mungeri Lal Commission report, that recommended the institution of reservations for Backward Castes in government jobs.
Ram Sundar Das | Political Career
During 1989, he established himself in national politics, forming a coalition of non-Congress parties opposed to the Congress known as the National Front. It included parties, besides the TDP, such as the Janata Dal, the DMK, the Asom Gana Parishad (AGP) and the Indian Congress (Socialist). This alliance governed India between 1989 and 1990 with support from the Left Front and the BJP. Meanwhile, NTR assumed the position as the Leader of Opposition in the state. His National Front government at the centre led by V. P. Singh was at the forefront of social justice by implementing the provisions in the "Mandal Commission" for providing 27% reservation for Other Backward Classes (OBC's).
N. T. Rama Rao | National politics, 1989
Some of the older, smaller Left Front constituents were uncomfortable with the expansion of the alliance, claiming that CPI(M) was diluting it politically. There were also disagreements on distribution of ministerial portfolios after the expansion of the alliance. Though due to his irresponsibility in 1971 Bangladeshi refugees his popularity decreased. In the Second term as the Chief Minister of state he gained popularity for his work for the landless peasants and providing them land and also among intelligentia. The rise of Mamata Banerjee in the 1980s was under the Second Chief Ministership of him and was known to have a good allies with her.
Jyoti Basu | Second Term (1982–1987)
General elections to the second Lok Sabha since independence were held in India between 24 February to 14 March 1957. The Indian National Congress (INC) easily won the second term, winning 371 of the 494 seats and their vote share increased from 45.0% to 47.8%.
1957 elections in India | General election
On 5 July 1997, Lalu Prasad Yadav, Raghuvansh Prasad Singh, Kanti Singh along with seventeen Lok Sabha MPs and eight Rajya Sabha MPs along with supporters gathered at New Delhi formed the new political party, "Rashtriya Janata Dal". It was formed as breakaway of Janata Dal. Lalu Prasad was elected as the first president of RJD. It is a centre-left party. In the March 1998 national elections, RJD won 17 Lok Sabha seats from Bihar but failed to make significant headway in any other state. Later that year, the party formed an alliance with Mulayam Singh Yadav's Samajwadi Party as an anti-Bharatiya Janata Party secular coalition but the coalition failed in garnering any widespread support.
Rashtriya Janata Dal | History
In which, the National Front, together with the Leftist parties and Rightist parties opposed to the Congress gained a plurality of seats. Subsequently V. P. Singh served as Prime Minister for eleven months. Following the Janata Dal's time in power and its subsequent split and decline, V. P. Singh, after surviving a battle with cancer, re-formed the Jan Morcha in 2005 with socialist actor-politician Raj Babbar as its public face. In the 2007 Uttar Pradesh state assembly elections, the party fielded 118 candidates, but other than Dharmpal Singh, who won from Dayalbagh, defeating Kishan Lal Baghel of the Bahujan Samaj Party by three thousand votes (1.7%), no other candidate was successful.
Jan Morcha | Introduction