The party pursued state socialism, under which all industries were nationalized, and a command economy was implemented throughout Cuba despite the long-term embargo by the United States. The PCC also supports Castroism and Guevarism and is a member of the International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties.
Introduction
Communist Party of Cuba
Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
It entails democratic and open discussion of policy issues within the party, followed by the requirement of total unity in upholding the agreed policies. The PCC is a communist party based on democratic centralism, a principle conceived by Russian Marxist Vladimir Lenin, entails democratic and open discussion of policy issues within the party, followed by the requirement of total unity in upholding the agreed policies. Democratic centralism. Democratic centralism.
when was the last time a hurricane hit tampa bay area
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1921
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which areas did it effected?
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Cuba, Pasco County, Manatee County and Sarasota County.
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who ruled the first place?
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Communist Party of Cuba
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which ethnic groups immigrated here?
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Afro-Cubans
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what is one of the principles of its communist party?
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Havana has long argued that the policy has encouraged the illegal exodus, deliberately ignoring and undervaluing the life-threatening hardships endured by refugees.
Criticism of communist party rule | Freedom of movement
The Communist Party of Cuba is the ruling political party in the Republic of Cuba. The Cuban constitution ascribes the role of the party to be the "leading force of society and of the state". It was founded on 3 October 1965 through as a successor of the which was in turn made up of the 26th of July Movement and Popular Socialist Party that seized power in Cuba after the 1959 Cuban Revolution. The PCC is a communist party based on democratic centralism, a principle conceived by Russian Marxist Vladimir Lenin, entails democratic and open discussion of policy issues within the party, followed by the requirement of total unity in upholding the agreed policies.
Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
In Article 5 of the Cuban constitution of 1976, the Communist Party is recognized as "the superior guiding force of society and of the State, that organizes and orients common efforts toward the high goals of the construction of socialism and the advancement toward communist society". All parties, including the Communist Party, are prohibited from publicly advertising their organizations. For the first fifteen years of its formal existence, the Communist Party was almost completely inactive outside of the Politburo. The 100 person Central Committee rarely met and it was ten years after its founding that the first regular party Congress was held.
Communist Party of Cuba | History
In Cuba, 50,000 middle-class Cubans left between 1959 and 1961 after the Cuban Revolution and the breakdown of Cuban-American relations. Following a period of repressive measures by the Cuban government in the late 1960s and 1970s, Cuba allowed for mass emigration of dissatisfied citizens, a policy that resulted in the Mariel Boatlift of 1980, which led to a drop in emigration rates during the later months. In the 1990s, the economic crisis known as the Special Period coupled with the United States' tightening of the embargo led to desperate attempts to leave the island on "balsas" (rafts, tires and makeshift vessels).
Criticism of communist party rule | Freedom of movement
Many Cubans currently continue attempts to emigrate to the United States In total, according to some estimates, more than 1 million people have left Cuba, around 10% of the population. Between 1971 and 1998, 547,000 Cubans emigrated to the United States alongside 700,000 neighboring Dominicans, 335,000 Haitians and 485,000 Jamaicans. Since 1966, immigration to the United States was governed by the 1966 Cuban adjustment act, a United States law that applies solely to Cubans. The ruling allows any Cuban national, no matter the means of the entry into the United States, to receive a green card after being in the country a year.
Criticism of communist party rule | Freedom of movement
Compared with other ruling Communist Parties, such as in Vietnam, China, and Laos, the Communist Party of Cuba retains a stricter adherence to the tradition of Marxism–Leninism and the traditional Soviet model. The party has been more reluctant in engaging in market reforms, though it has been forced to accept some market measures in its economy due to the dissolution of the Soviet Union and the resultant loss of economic subsidies. The Communist Party of Cuba has often pursued an interventionist foreign policy, actively assisting left-wing revolutionary movements and governments abroad, including the ELN in Colombia, the FMLN in El Salvador, the Sandinistas in Nicaragua, and Maurice Bishop's New Jewel Movement in Grenada.
Communist Party of Cuba | Ideology
Cuba has had a socialist political system since 1959 based on the "one state – one party" principle. Cuba is constitutionally defined as a Marxist–Leninist socialist state guided in part by the political ideas of Karl Marx, one of the fathers of historical materialism, Friedrich Engels and Vladimir Lenin. Despite being regarded as a Communist state, the ideology of José Martí is what serves as the main source of influence in Cuban politics. The present Constitution, which was passed in a 2019 referendum, also describes the role of the Communist Party of Cuba to be the "leading force of society and of the state" and as such has the capability of setting national policy.
Politics of Cuba | Introduction
Cuba had a number of communist and/or anarchist parties, especially in Havana and in the eastern area of Cuba, at least as early as the beginning of the Cuban Republic. Possibly the first was founded in 1906 near Manzanillo by Agustín Martín Veloz (Martinillo). The original "internationalized" Communist Party of Cuba was formed in the 1920s when Gerardo Machado was president and then dictator of the country. This organization is said to be related to several fronts, including the anti-imperialist league and its anti-clerical analogue. This party was formally recognized by Moscow in 1925. Contacts with Moscow representatives were said to be made in a restaurant at 687 Compostela Street, at the corner of Luz Street in Havana.
Julio Antonio Mella | Foundation of the "internationalized" Cuban Communist Party
Cuba had a number of communist and anarchist organizations from the early period of the Republic (founded in 1902). The original "internationalised" Communist Party of Cuba formed in the 1920s. In 1944, it renamed itself as the Popular Socialist Party for electoral reasons. In July 1961, two years after the successful overthrow of Fulgencio Batista and the creation of a revolutionary government, the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations (ORI) was formed from the merger of: On 26 March 1962, the ORI became the United Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution (PURSC), which in turn became the Communist Party of Cuba on 3 October 1965.
Communist Party of Cuba | History
The founders of the Cuban Communist Party are listed as: Julio Antonio Mella, Juan Marinello, Alejandro Barreiro, Carlos Baliño, , Jesús Menéndez, Carlos Rafael Rodríguez, Lázaro Peña, Blas Roca, Rubén Martínez Villena, Anibal Escalante, Emilio Roig and Fabio Grobart.
Julio Antonio Mella | Foundation of the "internationalized" Cuban Communist Party
The Republic of Cuba is one of the world's last remaining socialist countries following the Marxist–Leninist ideology. The Constitution of 1976, which defined Cuba as a socialist republic, was replaced by the Constitution of 1992, which is "guided by the ideas of José Martí and the political and social ideas of Marx, Engels and Lenin." The constitution describes the Communist Party of Cuba as the "leading force of society and of the state". The First Secretary of the Communist Party is concurrently President of the Council of State (President of Cuba) and President of the Council of Ministers (sometimes referred to as Prime Minister of Cuba).
Cuba | Government and politics
The Party of the Cuban People – Orthodox (, PPC-O), commonly called Orthodox Party (), was a Cuban left-wing populist political party. It was founded in 1947 by Eduardo Chibás in response to government corruption and lack of reform. Its primary aims were the establishment of a distinct national identity, economic independence and the implementation of social reforms.
Partido Ortodoxo | Introduction
According to the constitution of the party adopted at the 30th National Convention in 2014, the Communist Party operates on the principle of democratic centralism, its highest authority being the quadrennial National Convention. Article VI, Section 3 of the 2001 Constitution laid out certain positions as non-negotiable: [S]truggle for the unity of the working class, against all forms of national oppression, national chauvinism, discrimination and segregation, against all racist ideologies and practices, [...] against all manifestations of male supremacy and discrimination against women, [...] against homophobia and all manifestations of discrimination against gays, lesbians, bisexuals, and transgender people. Among the points in the party's "Immediate Program" are a $15/hour minimum wage for all workers, national universal health care and opposition to privatization of Social Security.
Communist Party USA | Constitution program
The party pursued state socialism, under which all industries were nationalized, and a command economy was implemented throughout Cuba despite the long-term embargo by the United States. The PCC also supports Castroism and Guevarism and is a member of the International Meeting of Communist and Workers' Parties.
Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
Raúl Castro, since becoming the leader of the party, has campaigned to "renew" Cuba's socialist economy through incorporating new exchange and distribution systems that have been traditionally seen as "market" oriented. This has led to some speculation that Cuba may transition towards a model more similar to that of China and that of Vietnam.
Communist Party of Cuba | Ideology
In the Summer of 1973, Cabañas told an assembled group of urban and rural guerrillas: "The way to make a revolution will not be taught by Cuba... China, the Soviet Union, or any other country." Cabañas also rejected Leninism, stating that: "Lenin's theory doesn't tell us how to form the masses [or] cultivate popular support." In regards to the group's goals, Cabañas had a programme with several points, that – among other things – called for the defeat of the current government and the establishment of a new one, the expropriation of factories and infrastructure, the enactment of large-scale reforms within sectors such as finance, law and education, social welfare efforts focusing on the urban workers, the rural peasants, the indigenous population and women, and the establishment of an anti-imperialist foreign policy in regards to the outside world, especially the United States.
Party of the Poor (Mexico) | Ideology
The International Communist Party holds that the doctrine of the party is founded on the principles of the historical materialism of the critical communism set out by Marx and Engels in the "Communist Manifesto", "Capital", and their other fundamental works and which formed the basis of the Communist International constituted in 1919 and of the Italian Communist Party founded at Leghorn in 1921 as a section of the Communist International and was a unitary and invariant body. The class party is accepted as the indispensable organ for the proletarian revolutionary struggle. It has always held that the party must historically get rid, once and for all, of the practice of alliances, even for transitory issues, with the middle class as well as with the pseudo-proletarian and reformist parties.
International Communist Party | On Marxist theory
Open corruption and oppression under Batista's rule led to his ousting in January 1959 by the 26th of July Movement, which afterwards established communist rule under the leadership of Fidel Castro. Since 1965, the state has been governed by the Communist Party of Cuba. The country was a point of contention during the Cold War between the Soviet Union and the United States, and a nuclear war nearly broke out during the Cuban Missile Crisis of 1962. Cuba is one of a few extant Marxist–Leninist socialist states, where the role of the vanguard Communist Party is enshrined in the Constitution.
Cuba | Introduction
The 1992 constitution of the Republic of Cuba states that the role of the Communist Party of Cuba is to "guide the common effort toward the goals and construction of socialism (and the progress toward a communist society)". The 2019 constitution retains the aim to work towards the construction of socialism.
Socialist state | Overview
A communist party is a party that advocates the application of the social principles of communism. Communist Party may refer to:
Communist Party (disambiguation) | Introduction
The party’s most significant international role was in the civil war in Angola, where Cuba directed a joint Angolan/Soviet/Cuban force in the Battle of Cuito Cuanavale. More recently, the party has sought to support Pink Tide leaders across Latin America, such as Hugo Chávez and later Nicolás Maduro in Venezuela and Evo Morales in Bolivia. Since the Cuban Revolution, the party has also followed the doctrines of Castroism (the ideology of Fidel Castro, including some elements of social conservatism and inspiration from José Martí) and Guevarism. Medical diplomacy has also been a prominent feature of the Party’s foreign policy. The party maintains a policy of sending thousands of Cuban doctors, agricultural technicians, and other professionals to other countries throughout the developing world.
Communist Party of Cuba | Ideology
The Party of Labour and of the People (in Spanish: "Partido del Trabajo y del Pueblo") is the electoral front of the Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina.
Party of Labour and of the People | Introduction
In 1969, membership of the party was only 55,000 or 0.7% of the population, making the PCC the smallest ruling communist party in the world. In the 1970s, the party's apparatus began to develop. By the time of the first party Congress in 1975, the party had grown to just over two hundred thousand members, the Central Committee was meeting regularly and provided the organizational apparatus giving the party the leading role in society that ruling Communist parties generally hold. By 1980, the party had grown to over 430,000 members and it grew further to 520,000 by 1985. Apparatuses of the party had grown to ensure that its leading cadres were appointed to key government positions.
Communist Party of Cuba | History
The meeting elected an Organizing Commission of the Neighbourhood Committees. The Commission consisted of Carlos de la Torre, Enrique Messioner, Francisco Alonso, Alfredo Zayas, Nicasio Estrada Mora, Gabriel Casuso, J. R. O'Farrill, Miguel Verna, Evelio R. Lendián, Cándido Hoyos, José F. Torralbas, Benito Lagueruela, Eduardo González, Pedro Rodríguez, Ernesto Fernández, Antonio González Pérez, Medina Arango, Luis Febles and Ambrosio Borges. The Cuban National Party rapidly became one of the most important political groups in the country at the time. Compared to other contemporary political parties, the Cuban National Party had a broader class base. The party had members from the small bourgeoisie of the province, working class elements and people of color.
Cuban National Party | History
They also call for more freedom in Cuba's state controlled press and an end to what they consider Cuba's human rights violations. The "PSRDC" is extremely critical of Fidel Castro and the Communist Party apparatus describing the present government as "unrepresentative of the ideals of the Cuban Revolution". The party also condemns the role of the United States in the region, requesting that both Cubans and Americans overcome the compulsion to compare the merits and shortfalls of each system, describing such dialogue as unconstructive.
Democratic Social-Revolutionary Party of Cuba | Introduction
The People's Party () was a short-lived political party in Cuba. It was founded on November 7, 1900 by Diego Vicente Tejera (who had formed the Cuban Socialist Party the preceding year). The People's Party sought to mobilize the working class of Cuba into political action. However the party failed to make any significant political breakthrough. Tejera took part in the Constituent Convention of 1901 as a delegate from the People's Party. The government barred the party from contesting the 1901 elections by issuing a demand that it produce a register showing that it had 5,000 members in each of Cuba's major cities and 500 in several smaller towns.
People's Party (Cuba) | Introduction
"See also: " The leading bodies of the party were the Politburo and the Secretariat until 1991 when the two bodies were merged into an expanded Politburo with over twenty members. However, the Secretariat was re-introduced in 2002. There is also a Central Committee which meets between party congresses. At the Fifth Congress, the size of the Central Committee was reduced to 150 members from the previous membership of 225. Fidel Castro was the party's First Secretary (or leader) since its inception while Raúl Castro was the Second Secretary. Upon Fidel Castro's 2008 resignation from the party and Cuban government, Raúl Castro became First Secretary.
Communist Party of Cuba | Central Committee
The Socialist Party of the Island of Cuba () was a political party in Cuba, formed in November 1906 through the merger of the Socialist Workers Party of Carlos Baliños and the International Socialist Group. The party published "La Voz Obrera".
Socialist Party of the Island of Cuba | Introduction
The Party holds 13 Principles: Principle 1. The Human Being as an Embodied Spirit or a Psychocorporeal Being. Principle 2. The Human Being's Normal Capacity for Personhood, Entailing Moral Responsibility, Rights, and Duties. Principle 3. The Essential Equality of Human Beings. Principle 4. The Social Nature of Human Beings and the State as a Natural Institution.
Philippine Democratic Socialist Party | Principles
The Cuban National Party () was a political party in Cuba. At the very beginning of the 20th century, it was one of the three main political parties on the island. The party favoured independence for Cuba.
Cuban National Party | Introduction
The PCCE considers that one of the steps to advance in the development of a National and Social Liberation Front is the formation of a Communist Party through the unity of the communists of the Communist Party of Argentina, the PCCE, of those who have abandoned political activism, and with the sum of future militants, in addition to the construction of the front with other left and progressive forces.
Communist Party of Argentina (Extraordinary Congress) | Objectives, political beliefs, and differences with the Communist Party
I came from a country where it was a tradition to have dialogue, to have liberty. We had tried to restore the socialism, but now there was a dictatorship and what the people most criticized was that the dictator declared everyone against him an enemy of the state, and therefore you have to incarcerate them, shoot them, or expel them out of the country. When I arrived in Cuba I discovered that the government did the same to the opposition and that they didn’t have dialogue either.” In 2008 he remembered that: “When I arrived in Cuba in 1974 and I saw the economic disaster I thought that it was as much a democracy as I am a Martian, I said to myself ‘this is not the country I want! I quit the JJCC (communist youth) in 1976 in La Habana where everything was going on.”
Roberto Ampuero | Exile to Cuba (1973–1979)
Membership is compulsory for all workers. Before a worker can be hired, they must sign a contract in which they promise to support the Communist Party and everything it represents. The government explicitly prohibits independent trade unions, there is systematic harassment and detention of labor activists, and the leaders of attempted independent unions have been imprisoned. The right to strike is not recognized in law. Bans are enforced by "Rapid Brigades", consisting of members of the army and police in plain clothes, who beat and disperse any demonstrators.
Human rights in Cuba | Restrictions of assembly
The Communist Party of Cuba has a youth wing, the Young Communist League ("Unión de Jóvenes Comunistas", UJC) which is a member organization of the World Federation of Democratic Youth. It also has a children's group, the José Martí Pioneer Organization.
Communist Party of Cuba | Youth
Before the 1960 mid-term elections, it banned the Communist Party of Argentina and other parties and groups on the far left. It was used to justify surveillance and arrests during the 1961 Bay of Pigs Invasion crisis, when Communist elements and radical leftists within his own coalition began demanding action in support of Cuba.
Arturo Frondizi | Conclusion
It is the organization of the minority which has, collectively, reached and mastered revolutionary tactics in theory and in practice; in other words, which sees clearly the general objectives of the historic movement of the proletariat in the whole world and for the whole of the historical course which separates the period of its formation from that of its final victory. The party is not formed on the basis of individual consciousness; the International Communist Party emphasizes that it is not possible for each worker to become conscious and still less to master the class doctrine in a cultural way, neither is this possible for each militant nor even for the leaders of the Party as individuals.
International Communist Party | On tasks of the Communist Party
While the country does not regularly deport citizens, there is a system of internal exile and banishment.
Criticism of communist party rule | Forced labor and deportations
The Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba was established at the party's founding congress in 1975. The Second Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba leads the body.
Secretariat of the Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
The PCP takes Marxism–Leninism as its theoretical basis, which is a materialist and dialectical conception of the world and a scientific tool of social analysis. These principles guide the party's action and enable it to systematically answer new challenges and realities. The party also orients its members and its activity in the spirit of proletarian internationalism, of cooperation between the communist parties and revolutionary and progressive forces, and of solidarity with the workers of other countries.
Portuguese Communist Party | Principles
The highest body within the PCC is the Party Congress, which convened every five years. When the Congress was not in session, the Central Committee was the highest body. Because the Central Committee met twice a year, most day-to-day duties and responsibilities are vested in the Politburo. Since April 2011, the First Secretary of the Central Committee has been Raúl Castro, younger brother of the previous First Secretary Fidel Castro, who died on 25 November 2016. The Second Secretary has been José Ramón Machado Ventura. After taking power in Cuba in 1959, the party began gradually to introduce Marxism–Leninism, a fusion of the original ideas of German philosopher and economic theorist Karl Marx, and Lenin, guided by Joseph Stalin became formalized as the party's guiding ideology and would remain so to this day.
Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
The Cuban Socialist Party () was a political party in Cuba. The party was founded in March 1899 by Diego Vicente Tejera. The founding of the Socialist Party represented the first attempt in Cuban history to build a political party representing the working class. The activities of the party were limited to the city of Havana. The party was dissolved in July 1899, and Tejera joined the Cuban National Party.
Cuban Socialist Party | Introduction
The Cuban Democratic Socialist Current ("Corriente Socialista Democrática Cubana") is a Cuban social democratic party that seeks to "be critical [of] our historical process hegemony within [the] civil society debate of ideas, intents and purposes over the interests and diversity of proposals, what contributes to its richness, within a single space for the nation and society at a time." They consider that "1959 freezes the social debate. The Cuban Revolution with its attendant double expectations and frustration seized the anxious questions and monopolized all possible answers to the needs of cultural activity, political and social," and want to return to the rational basis of the discussion of ideas.
Cuban Democratic Socialist Current | Introduction
The Communist Party of Cuba (PCC) is the single official state party, Political parties other than the PCC are illegal.
Elections in Cuba | Political parties
A 1999 Human Rights Watch report notes that the Interior Ministry's principal responsibility is to monitor the Cuban population for signs of dissent. In 1991 two new mechanisms for internal surveillance and control emerged. Communist Party leaders organized the Singular Systems of Vigilance and Protection (Sistema Unico de Vigilancia y Protección, SUVP). Rapid Action Brigades (Brigadas de Acción Rapida, also referred to as Rapid Response Brigades, or Brigadas de Respuesta Rápida) observe and control dissidents. The government also "maintains academic and labor files (expedientes escolares y laborales) for each citizen, in which officials record actions or statements that may bear on the person's loyalty to the revolution.
Human rights in Cuba | Political repression
The PIC, upon its formation, took votes away from the ruling liberal party. It also stirred up such a conflict that President José Miguel Gómez was forced to take action. Gomez ordered the party disbanded under the Morúa law which outlawed political parties based on race.(Perez(1), 168) The Morúa law was aimed at creating the illusion of Cuban nationalism while favoring the white Cubans. The Cuban white supremacist social construct was meant to repress the Afro Cubans. In some ways it was successful such as keeping the Afro Cubans from holding political office. The Afro Cubans also found ways to use the system to their advantage.
Partido Independiente de Color | Further conflict
Political parties other than the PCC are illegal. Suffrage is non-compulsory and is afforded to Cuban citizens who have resided for two years on the island. Such citizens must be aged over sixteen years, must not have been found guilty of a criminal offense, and cannot be mentally handicapped. Cubans living abroad are denied the right to vote. The national elections for the 612 members of the National Assembly of People's Power are held according to this system and the precepts of the 1976 Constitution. Under the system, neighbors meet to propose the candidates to the Municipal Assemblies in a public, show of hands vote.
Politics of Cuba | Political parties and elections
Tensions between his group with the PCR occurred when the former founded itself as a party under the name of "National-Liberal Party" (commonly known as the National Liberal Party-Tătărescu), and, in June–July 1945, proclaimed its goal to be the preservation of property and a middle class under a new regime. Of himself and his principles, Tătărescu stated: "I am not a communist. Taking in view my attitudes towards mankind, society, property, I am not a communist. Thus, the new orientation in external politics which I demand for my country cannot be accused of being determined by affinities or sympathies of doctrine." Speaking in retrospect, Gheorghiu-Dej indicated the actual relation between his party and Tătărescu's: "we have had to tolerate by our side a capitalist-gentry political group, Tătărescu's group".
Gheorghe Tătărescu | 1947 and after
Being a US film, it uses US terminology, such as use of the word Communism instead of Socialism, which is the word used in Cuba (the goal may be Communism, but the method is Socialism). There is, though, nuance to take into account: the Cuban communist party was called People's Socialist Party (PSP), but the Cubans did refer to them as "communists". Also, the US is referred to as 'America' and the continent as 'the Americas', whereas the term 'America' is in Cuba reserved for the Continent (e.g. in one of the historical recordings that are shown, the crowd chants 'Cuba si, Yankee no', not 'Cuba yes, America no').
Fidel (2002 film) | Terminology
The congress adopted the party constitution, party programme and an elected leadership. In June 1959 the party took part in an armed uprising against the dictatorship of Rafael Trujillo. In June 1960 a party conference was organized, which discussed the situation in the country and identified the challenges the party to strengthen the struggle against government. The conference expressed strong support for the Cuban revolution. After the fall of Trujillo in May 1961 the party intensified its activities. In September 1962 the party Central Committee adopted a document titled "On the political situation, ways and objectives of the revolution", which stressed that the strategic goal of the party was national liberation, anti-imperialist and anti-feudal revolution.
Dominican Communist Party | Introduction
The Democratic Social-Revolutionary Party of Cuba ("Partido Social-Revolucionario Democrático de Cuba") is a democratic socialist political party in Cuba. Although changes to the Cuban constitution in 1992 decriminalized the right to form political parties other than the Communist Party of Cuba, no parties are permitted to campaign or engage in public political activities on the island. Public engagements by party members are typically restricted to international gatherings of democratic socialist groups. The main political aims of the "PSRDC" are to persuade the Cuban government to declare a political amnesty and to reinstall a sovereign National Constituent Assembly which the party believes was abandoned following Fulgencio Batista's coup d'état in 1952.
Democratic Social-Revolutionary Party of Cuba | Introduction
After the takeover, anti-Batistas, liberals, urban workers, peasants, and idealists became the dominant followers of the M-26-7 movement, which gained control over Cuba. The Movement was joined with other bodies to form the United Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution, which in turn became the Communist Party of Cuba in 1965. Cuba modeled itself after the Eastern European nations that made up the Warsaw Pact, becoming the first socialistic government in the Americas. Once it was learned that Cuba would adopt a strict Marxist–Leninist political and economic system, opposition was raised not only by dissident party members, but by the United States as well.
26th of July Movement | Post-1959
In the late 1980s, with the downfall of the Soviet Union, starting with the pulling down of the Berlin wall in 1989 and its full collapse in 1991, the laws of Cuba changed again to respond to the new conditions of the Special Period. The Constitutional amendments of 1992 recognized forms of non-socialist property (joint ventures, corporations, other economic associations) and provided for non-discrimination based on religious belief (for example, persons with religious belief may now join the Cuban Communist Party, although Cuban Priests have commented this is merely a 'token' gesture, and in reality, the ability of religious persons to join the Party is limited and fraught with difficulty).
Cuban law | Collapse of the Eastern Bloc
The Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba ("Congreso del Partido Comunista de Cuba") is the highest decision-making body of the Cuban party-state.
Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
The speech also addressed the need for political reforms, including the suggestion to limit those holding high political offices to two five-year terms in order to rejuvenate the country's institutions. On April 17 – 18, 997 delegates, representing some 800,000 party members, divided into five commissions, debated on the Draft Economic and Social Guidelines and approved the Central Report.
6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba | Organization
The Socialist Workers Party (, POS), initially known as the Workers Party of Cuba (), was a political party in Cuba. The party published "La Voz Obrera". It was founded by a group of workers in Havana in 1904. In the party was joined by Carlos Baliños, who had formed the Socialist Propaganda Club 1903. Baliños became the leading figure of the party, and the name was changed to POS. The party also adopted a socialist programme. In November 1906 POS merged with the International Socialist Group, forming the Socialist Party of the Island of Cuba. "La Voz Obrera" was taken over by the new party as its organ.
Socialist Workers Party (Cuba) | Introduction
The first well known Cuban communist was Pablo Lafargue, born in Santiago de Cuba in 1847. Lafargue went to Europe, became a disciple of Karl Marx, married one of Marx's daughters, became a very important member of the Socialist Internationals, and helped found the French Workers Party in 1882. Lafargue and his wife committed suicide. The original Cuban Communist Party seems to have arisen early in the 20th Century in the eastern town of Manzanillo.
Fabio Grobart | Grobart and the Communist Party of Cuba
Friends of a Democratic Cuba is a group formed in 2006 that is composed of representatives from six former Soviet-bloc nations – the Czech Republic, Hungary, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia, and Slovenia. They long to end what they describe as totalitarianism by helping the Cuban people obtain uncensored information and promote what they describe as democratic change in Cuba.
Friends of a Democratic Cuba | Introduction
It has close relations with the Communist Party of Cuba, leading a pioneer role in the solidarity for Cuba. TKP is a member of the Initiative of Communist and Workers' Parties. The party joins the efforts to build an international focal point by issuing a magazine about communist theory called "International Communist Review". The youth of TKP is a member of World Federation of Democratic Youth.
Communist Party of Turkey (current) | Relations with other parties and internationalism
The statues and programmes of the party were edited by a commission consisting of Cristóbal de la Guardia, Joaquín Alba and Manuel Cendoya. It raised demands such as 8-hour working day, racial equality and the right to form trade unions. However the party failed to make any significant political breakthrough. The party decided to support the presidential candidature of Bartolomé Masó in the 1901 elections.
People's Labour Party (Cuba) | Overview
Fabio Grobart was long considered “… maybe the highest ranking representative of the Third International in Cuba in that moment”. However, Grobart's importance in founding the Cuban communist party was recognized by Fidel Castro, the Rand thinktank, and Jewish history experts such as Moisés Asís, who states “By 1925, there were 8,000 Jews in Cuba (some 2,700 sephardic, 5,200 ashkenazic, and 100 Americans). Four ashkenazic Jews were in the small group that founded the first Communist Party of Cuba in 1925: Grimberg, Vasserman, Simjovich a.k.a. Grobart, and Gurbich. They opposed the religious and community life of the other Jews.” It has been claimed that Grobart recruited Fidel Castro as an agent in 1948 Although the party Grobart helped found was not the first Cuban communist party, it is considered as such by the present Cuban government.
Fabio Grobart | Grobart and the Communist Party of Cuba
The Movement fought the Batista regime on both rural and urban fronts. The movement's main objectives were distribution of land to peasants, nationalization of public services, industrialization, honest elections, and large scale education reform. In July 1961, the 26th of July Movement was one of the parties that integrated into the Organizaciones Revolucionarias Integradas (ORI) of the Integrated Revolutionary Organization (IRO) as well as the Popular Socialist Party and the March 13 Revolutionary Directory. On March 26, 1962, the party dissolved to form the Partido Unido de la Revolución Socialista de Cuba (PURSC) or the United Party of the Socialist Revolution of Cuba (UPSRC), which held a communist ideology.
26th of July Movement | Introduction
Bains visited Cuba several times in the 1990s which led him (and the CPC (ML)) to reconsider his earlier views of Cuba as revisionist.
Communist Party of Canada (Marxist–Leninist) | Shift to "democratic renewal" and support of Cuba
The People's Labour Party () was a short-lived political party in Cuba. It appeared in public with its programme in August 1901. The party was a continuation of the People's Party of Diego Vicente Tejera. However, it appears that Diego Vicente Tejera had no links to the People's Labour Party.
People's Labour Party (Cuba) | Introduction
The candidates do not present a political platform, but only their resumes. The municipal candidates elected in each neighborhood then elect the Municipal Assembly members. In turn, the Municipal Assembly members elect the Provincial Assembly members, who in turn elect the national Assembly members. A direct vote is then cast to decide whether the decanted members that appear in the final step need to be ratified. !style="background-color:#E9E9E9;text-align:left;vertical-align:top;" width=400|Members !style="background-color:#E9E9E9"|Seats
Politics of Cuba | Political parties and elections
Though the social conditions under which Marx wrote his works are not the same as now, the principles are the same. Yet those principles were not interpreted precisely correctly.
Communist Party of Vietnam | Role of classical Marxism
According to the International Communist Party, what made the parties unable to foresee and face the opportunist danger was a fundamental deviation in principles: the party states that it was neither internal democracy nor free elections which give the Party its nature of being the most conscious fraction of the proletariat and its function of revolutionary guide. It is instead the matter of a deep discrepancy of conceptions about the deterministic organicity of the party as a historical body, living in the reality of the class struggle.
International Communist Party | On opportunism
The 7th Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba was elected by the Central Committee on 19 April 2016 following the 7th Congress.
Communist Party of Cuba | Politburo
Cuba is a single-party state. The Communist Party of Cuba (, PCC) is the only party legally allowed to exist and hold effective power. As a result, political rallies by opposition parties occur only sporadically on the island. In general, except for the PCC, the other parties receive funds and support from organizations based in Miami, and connected to the anti-Communist organizations and agencies of the U.S. government, like USAID or through the American embassy in Havana. Their militants are few, and they are frequently part of several parties. Cuban law also stipulates that it is punishable to receive funds from a foreign government for purposes of a political organization.
List of political parties in Cuba | Introduction
The 6th Secretariat of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba was elected by the Central Committee on 19 April 2011 following the 6th Congress.
Communist Party of Cuba | Secretariat
In practice, however, these district assemblies are usually organized by the Committees for the Defence of the Revolution or the Communist Party, which makes the selection of an opponent of the regime most unlikely.
Elections in Cuba | Organization of American States
The Fourth Party Congress reviewed Pen Sovan's political report and defined the party's strategy for the next several years. The Congress adopted five "basic principles of the party line", which were to uphold the banners of patriotism and of international proletarian solidarity; to defend the country (the primary and sacred task of all people); to restore and to develop the economy and the culture in the course of gradual transition toward socialism; to strengthen military solidarity with Vietnam, Laos, the Soviet Union and other socialist nations; and to develop "a firm Marxist–Leninist party". At the Congress, it was decided that henceforth the party would be known as the KPRP in order to distinguish it from "the reactionary Pol Pot party and to underline and reassert the community of the party's best traditions".
Cambodian People's Party | Fourth Party Congress: change of strategy (1981)
7, 1955, BRAC agents fired upon an anti-Batista demonstration held by the Federation of University of Students in Havana. Several demonstrators, including Camilo Cienfuegos, were wounded when the police opened fire on the crowd.
Bureau for the Repression of Communist Activities | Introduction
Consolidating "Socialist Cuba", Castro united the MR-26-7, Popular Socialist Party and Revolutionary Directorate into a governing party based on the Leninist principle of democratic centralism: the Integrated Revolutionary Organizations ("Organizaciones Revolucionarias Integradas" - ORI), renamed the United Party of the Cuban Socialist Revolution (PURSC) in 1962. Although the USSR was hesitant regarding Castro's embrace of socialism, relations with the Soviets deepened. Castro sent Fidelito for a Moscow schooling and while the first Soviet technicians arrived in June Castro was awarded the Lenin Peace Prize. In December 1961, Castro proclaimed himself a Marxist-Leninist, and in his Second Declaration of Havana he called on Latin America to rise up in revolution.
Cuba under Fidel Castro | The Bay of Pigs Invasion and embracing socialism: 1961–62
Due to their brevity, all questions are reproduced verbatim from the English translation given below. The answers are significantly longer and therefore summarized here, except for the first, which is the shortest.
Principles of Communism | Adaptation: from "Confession" to "Principles" to "Manifesto"
Seemingly, Tejera had no links to this party as his signature did not figure amongst the signatures of the party program released on August 9, 1901. Tejera's efforts were later continued by the formation of the Socialist Propaganda Club, the Socialist Workers Party and the Socialist Party of Manzanillo.
People's Party (Cuba) | Introduction
In the Chinese party-state model, the People's Liberation Army (PLA) is a party institution. In the preamble of the Constitution of the Communist Party of China, it is stated: "The Communist Party of China (CPC) shall uphold its absolute leadership over the People's Liberation Army and other people's armed forces". The PLA carries out its work in accordance with the instructions of the CPSU Central Committee. Mao Zedong described the PLA's institutional situation as follows: "Every communist must grasp the truth, 'Political power grows out of the barrel of a gun'. Our principle is that the party commands the gun, and the gun must never be allowed to command the Party".
Communist state | Control
Most of these people came from immigrant communities like Finns and Ukrainians.
Communist Party of Canada | Origins
In the years following the Cuban Revolution, the activities of the Roman Catholic Church were severely limited and in 1961 all property held by religious organizations was confiscated without compensation. Hundreds of members of the clergy, including a bishop, were permanently expelled from the nation. The Cuban leadership was officially atheist until 1992 when the Communist Party agreed to allow religious followers to join the party. In 1998, Pope John Paul II visited the island and was allowed to conduct large outdoor masses and visas were issued for nineteen foreign priests taking up residence in the country. In addition, other religious groups in Cuba such as the Jewish community are now permitted to hold public services and to import religious materials and kosher food for Passover, as well as to receive rabbis and other religious visitors from abroad.
Human rights in Cuba | Religious freedom
Cuban law is dedicated to advancing equality among the Cuban population, according to state sources.
Cuban law | Principle of equality
The Party was one of two political groupings (the other one being the Cuban National League) that emerged from the "Junta Patriótica" in Havana in March 1899. The Party was founded on March 24, 1899, at a meeting in Havana of presidents of patriotic clubs and neighbourhood committees as well as former members of the "Junta Patriótica". At the meeting, Enrique Messonier (a former anarchist leader) called for a people's meeting to be held in Havana, to elect a commission to organize the work of the neighbourhood committees. In agreement with Messonier's proposal, a meeting was held on March 26, 1899.
Cuban National Party | History
It forms the youth wing of the Communist Party of Chile which applies and develops its political programme and movement among Chilean youth. It claims to struggle for the sovereignty, the political, economic, social and cultural liberation of the Chilean people; for democracy in its broadest possible expression. The political programme of the "JJ.CC." is based on the materialist conception of history and scientific socialism developed by Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, V. I. Lenin and Luis Emilio Recabarren among other Marxist and progressive thinkers from Chile, Latin America and the world.
Communist Youth of Chile | Principles
The 6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba, the governing political party of Cuba, took place on April 16 – 19, 2011, in Havana at the . The main focus of the congress was to introduce economic, social, and political reforms in order to modernize the country's socialist system. The Congress also elected Raúl Castro as First Secretary, the position vacant since Fidel Castro's stepping down in 2006.
6th Congress of the Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
However, the impossibility of worker journals to race with the self-called “great press” or “serious press” (which belonged to American partnerships, bourgeois and Cuban politicians) in the first two decades of past century anarchistic groups edited Tierra y Bandera Social, the Liga of Trabajadores Cubanos (Cuban Workers League) had in Alerta, their official newspaper; La Voz Obrera became in spokesman of the Partido Socialista de Cuba (Socialist Cuban Party), y Lucha de Clases, in 1924, with biweekly edition and directed by Carlos Baliño, was the first Cuban Marxism-Leninism newspaper. Years later there was Juventud Obrera (1929), that reach five years of life, so others like El Trabajador y Bandera Roja, both belonging to Communist Party.
Trabajadores (newspaper) | In republican Cuba
Alin Helg would suggest that this is because Black people would conform to the white multi party system and support a candidate that didn't have elitist views. By this logic the PIC was a radical new idea that involved building a new independent party. This had not been tried before due to the risk involved. The Afro Cubans were experiencing problems of land restructuring. Since the war for independence, United States businesses had been quietly taking up the land in the Oriente. This was on the far eastern side of the island, where most Afro Cubans lived and worked. The peasant land was taken over by the United States, which caused a dramatic shift in the standards of living.
Partido Independiente de Color | The early PIC
The Politburo of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Cuba is the party's highest decision-making body in between sessions of the Central Committee. The party's First Secretary chairs the body's meetings.
Politburo of the Communist Party of Cuba | Introduction
The Christian Democratic Party of Cuba (, abbreviated "PDC") is a Christian Democratic political party in Cuba. Although changes to the Cuban constitution in 1992 decriminalized the act of forming political parties other than the Communist Party, none of the parties (Communist Party included) are permitted to campaign or engage in any public political activities on the island.
Christian Democratic Party of Cuba | Introduction
The CCP's organizational principle is democratic centralism, which is based on two principles: democracy (synonymous in official discourse with "socialist democracy" and "inner-party democracy") and centralism. This has been the guiding organizational principle of the party since the 5th National Congress, held in 1927. In the words of the party constitution, "The Party is an integral body organized under its program and constitution and on the basis of democratic centralism". Mao once quipped that democratic centralism was "at once democratic and centralized, with the two seeming opposites of democracy and centralization united in a definite form." Mao claimed that the superiority of democratic centralism lay in its internal contradictions, between democracy and centralism, and freedom and discipline.
Chinese Communist Party | Democratic centralism
The National Liberal Party of Cuba was a party of liberal ideology, since it defended postulates like the nonintervention of the State and the absolute freedom in the economy. The PLNC also struggled to end Cuba's socialist system and respect for human rights. It was open to engaging in a dialogue with all the "pro-democratic" forces in Cuba, especially those of liberal descent.
National Liberal Party of Cuba | Ideology
U.S. State Department: Country Reports on Human Rights Practices: "Candidates for provincial and national office must be approved in advance by mass organizations controlled by the government. In practice a small group of leaders, under the direction of the president, selected the members of the highest policy-making bodies of the CP, the Politburo, and the Central Committee." "In 2003 there were national elections in which 609 candidates were approved to compete for the 609 seats in the National Assembly. The CP was the only political party allowed to participate in the elections. A small minority of candidates did not belong formally to the CP but were chosen through the same government-controlled selection process.
Elections in Cuba | United States
Afro-Cuban floor shows became common in Cuban hotels. Priests of Santería, Ifá, and Palo Monte all took part in government-sponsored tours for foreigners desiring initiation into such traditions. In 1991, the Cuban Communist Party approved the admission of religious members, and in 1992 the constitution was amended to declare Cuba a secular rather than an atheist state. The government's move away from the state atheism it previously espoused allowed Santería to leave behind the marginalisation it had faced, and throughout the 1990s Santería began to be practiced more openly in Cuba.
Santería | In Marxist–Leninist Cuba: 1959–present
They went on to win five seats in the 1946 mid-term elections. In the 1948 general election the party put forward Juan Marinello as its presidential candidate. Whilst he finished fourth, the party won five seats in the House elections. They won four in the 1950 mid-term elections.
Popular Socialist Party (Cuba) | Introduction
The Socialist Party of the Manzanillo () was a political party in Manzanillo, Cuba, formed in 1906. Agustín Martín Vélez, a tobacco worker and former anarchist, was the leader of the party. The party was Marxist in its orientation and was active in leading the "Federación Obrera de Manzanillo" trade union movement. Some of the leaders of the party later became active in the Communist Party of Cuba.
Socialist Party of Manzanillo | Introduction
The Popular Socialist Party (, PSP) was a communist party in Cuba. Originally called the Communist Party of Cuba (), it was formed in 1925 by a group including Blas Roca, Anibal Escalante, Fabio Grobart, Alfonso Bernal del Riesgo and Julio Antonio Mella, who acted as its leader until his assassination in Mexico in 1929. It was later renamed the "Communist Revolutionary Union". After the electoral victory of the Partido Auténtico in the 1944 elections, the party went into decline, and eventually adopted the name "Popular Socialist Party" for electoral reasons. In the 1944 general elections it formed an alliance with the Orthodox Party, but was defeated by the Auténtico-Republican alliance, winning only four seats in the House of Representatives.
Popular Socialist Party (Cuba) | Introduction
¹ The Democratic Socialist Coalition (also known as the People's Socialist Coalition) was an alliance of the Communist Revolutionary Union, Progressive Action, the Democratic National Association, the Liberal Party and the Republican Democratic Party. ² The Opposition Front was an alliance of the ABC, the Partido Auténtico and Republican Action.
1940 Cuban general election | President
The Revolutionary Communist Party () is a Maoist communist party from Argentina. The party is part of the Frente de Todos coalition that supported the presidential candidate Alberto Fernández during the 2019 Argentine general election.
Revolutionary Communist Party of Argentina | Introduction
Members were encouraged to register to vote and to take active roles in electing candidates who fought for racial equality. And, delegates were asked to keep an internationalist perspective that considered relations across Latin America. Questions still remain regarding the organization's relationship to the Communist Party.
El Congreso de Pueblos de Habla Española | Platform
In 2006, President of Cuba's National Assembly, Ricardo Alarcón, stated: "At some moment, US rhetoric changed to talk of democracy ... For me, the starting point is the recognition that democracy should begin with Pericles's definition – that society is for the benefit of the majority – and should not be imposed from outside." Cuba justifies the existence of only one political party by arguing that the PCC “is not a political party in the traditional sense… it is not an electoral party; it does not decide on the formation or composition of the government. It is not only forbidden to nominate candidates but also to be involved in any other stage of the electoral process… The PCC’s role is one of guidance, supervision and of guarantor of participatory democracy.”
Elections in Cuba | Cuba
The party was built with democratic centralism as its organizing principle. The primary organization of the party is the cell; then there is the section and the supreme organ is the party congress. Between congresses PCG is headed by Central Committee and Politburo Central Committee.
Guadeloupe Communist Party | Organisation
The party is part of the Frente de Todos coalition supporting the 2019 Argentine presidential candidate Alberto Fernandez during the 2019 Argentine general election.
Communist Party of Argentina | Introduction
The Communists Party (, PdelosC) is a communist party in Mexico. Officially created in 2003 when the Mexican Communists' Party () and the Socialist Revolution Party (, PRS) merged. Not to be confused with the historical and now extinct Mexican Communist Party (, PCM) and other present communist organisations. As one of its major characteristics, the party proposes the unification of all the organisations within the “Abajo y a la izquierda” (“Downward Left”) political spectrum. During the second National Congress of 2006, the party's Central Committee agreed to support and endorse the Sixth Declaration of the Lacandon Jungle as a formal adherent.
Communists' Party | Introduction