The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the creature's body, each of which is in turn composed of multiple segments. The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. Many diseases may affect the chest, and one of the most common symptoms is chest pain.
Introduction
Thorax
Thorax | Introduction
It is the part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. The thorax is one of the three main divisions of the insect's body, composed of multiple segments. It is the area where the wings and legs attach in insects. The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen
what is ypresiomyrma?
user
It is an extinct genus of ants in the subfamily Myrmeciinae.
assistant
how are they classified?
user
As "incertae sedis"
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who described them for thr first time?
user
Bruce Archibald, Stefan Cover and Corrie Moreau
assistant
who is the first person?
user
Sorry. I cannot find the answer based on the context.
assistant
how do they look like?
user
The waist connecting the thorax and the abdomen is composed of a single segment, the head is in various shapes, and mandibles are a distinct triangular shape and shorter than the head.
assistant
what is thorax?
user
The thorax is the human chest, or division of an animal's body that lies between the head and the abdomen. Thorax may also refer to:
Thorax (disambiguation) | Introduction
The thorax is the midsection (tagma) of the insect body. It holds the head, legs, wings and abdomen. It is also called mesosoma or cephalothorax in other arthropods. It is formed by the prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax and comprises the scutellum; the cervix, a membrane that separates the head from the thorax; and the pleuron, a lateral sclerite of the thorax. In dragonflies and damselflies the mesothorax and metathorax are fused together to form the synthorax.
Thorax (arthropod anatomy) | Introduction
In humans and other hominids, the thorax is the chest region of the body between the neck and the abdomen, along with its internal organs and other contents. It is mostly protected and supported by the rib cage, spine, and shoulder girdle.
Thorax | Structure
The thorax of both males and females is mostly black with a conspicuously white spot covering the scutellum and a white stripe on either side. The abdomen of females is pointed and has four horizontal bands of fine white setae separating the sections, while the male abdomen is more rounded and has only three horizontal bands of setae. The head is almost entirely covered by the eyes which are red in color, with a protruding pair of . They possess a single set of wings, which are clear with conspicuous dark black bands arranged in an "F" pattern. In many cases, visually distinguishing stages of "R.
Rhagoletis mendax | Morphology
The thorax or chest is a part of the anatomy of humans, mammals, other tetrapod animals located between the neck and the abdomen. In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the creature's body, each of which is in turn composed of multiple segments. The human thorax includes the thoracic cavity and the thoracic wall. It contains organs including the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, as well as muscles and various other internal structures. Many diseases may affect the chest, and one of the most common symptoms is chest pain.
Thorax | Introduction
The mandibles are elongated, slightly curved near the bases, and narrow. They are separated into distinct base and masticatory areas, with very small uniform teeth populating the whole length of the chewing edge. The thorax forms a slender neck from the prothorax, on which the head is connected, and the remainder of the thorax is narrower in width than the head. The upper surface of the thorax is divided by a distinct constriction between the mesonotum and epinotum. Two small spines rise from the rear edge of the epinotum. The petiole is thin with no teeth on the underside and only a slight thickening into a node on the upper surface.
Electromyrmex | Description
The thorax consists of six short but wide segments, the outline of which is a continuation of the cheeks. The axis is narrow, less than ⅓× as wide as each of the ribs (or pleurae) to its sides. The tailshield, termed pygidium, is small, approximately wide triangular, with the axis narrow triangular, reaching the border. The axial rings and ribs become less conspicuous further to the back.
Trinucleidae | Description
The thorax has 17 to 23 segments, gradually diminishing in size. The pleural spines are long and sickle-shaped. The tailshield (or pygidium) is very small and subquadrate in shape.
Nevadella | Description
In mammals, the thorax is the region of the body formed by the sternum, the thoracic vertebrae, and the ribs. It extends from the neck to the diaphragm, and does not include the upper limbs. The heart and the lungs reside in the thoracic cavity, as well as many blood vessels. The inner organs are protected by the rib cage and the sternum. Thoracic vertebrae are also distinguished in birds, but not in reptiles.
Thorax | In tetrapods
The thorax reaches its greatest width at the 6th segment. The frontal part or prothorax consists of 6 segments, with number 5 and 6 fused, and the 6th carrying very large trailing spines. The rear part or opistothorax consists of a variable but extremely large number of segments (up to 97).
Emuellidae | Introduction
The thorax consists of 11-17 segments, with the 11th from the front bearing a backward directed spine on the midline.
Redlichia | Description
The front segment of the thorax (prothorax) carries a pair of legs, and the synthorax carries the middle and rear legs and both pairs of wings. A dark stripe (humeral stripe) often follows the humeral suture, which runs from the base of the front wing towards the base of the middle leg. A paler antehumeral stripe is often found above the humeral stripe.
External morphology of Odonata | Thorax
The thorax of "C. hemipterus" is three segmented, containing the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. The prothorax is about twice as long wide as it is long, and is much larger and prominent than the head (which sits in the middle of it), and both the meso- and meta- thorax. Compared to "C. lectularius, C. hempiterus" is observed to have a slightly narrower prothorax. This species has an eight segmented abdomen that is rounded and has a pointed tip, which contains short tufts of hair that stick out. Color varies for this species based on whether it has recently consumed a blood meal.
Cimex hemipterus | Morphology
In insects, crustaceans, and the extinct trilobites, the thorax is one of the three main divisions of the creature's body, each of which is in turn composed of multiple segments. It is the area where the wings and legs attach in insects, or an area of multiple articulating plates in trilobites. In most insects, the thorax itself is composed of three segments; the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax. In extant insects, the prothorax never has wings, though legs are always present in adults; wings (when present) are restricted to at least the mesothorax, and typically also the metathorax, though the wings may be reduced or modified on either or both segments.
Thorax | In arthropods
The cephalon of "Fallotaspis" is semi-circular in shape, with rounded cheeks that are continuous with long spines that go back to the first half of the thorax. Sutures absent. The thorax has up to 21 segments. The third segment terminating in a long spine that extends back to the fourteenth segment. The tail shield (or pygidium) is very small, about the same length as the two most backward thorax segments combined.
Fallotaspis | Description
Some zoologists consider the thorax to consist of the two regions with appendages, and the abdomen the region without appendages. Others believe the region of fused segments to be part of the abdomen. For clarity, this article uses "thorax" to mean the two body regions with limbs.
Triops longicaudatus | Structure
The thorax has up to 22 segments. The pleural ends are usually rounded. The pygidium is small (micropygous), with an even margin. "A. koninckii" had a modern type of compound eye.
Aulacopleura | Introduction
Joining the head to the thorax is a short neck. The thorax in all insects consists of three segments. These segments are clearly visible along the back of the wētā. Each segment of the thorax bears a pair of legs. The wētā does not have wings attached to its thorax.
Deinacrida elegans | Thorax
The thorax is composed of three segments, each of which bears a single pair of legs. As is typical of arthropods adapted to life on land, each leg has only a single walking branch composed of five segments, without the gill branches found in some other arthropods and with gill on the abdominal segments of some immature aquatic insects. In most insects the second and third thoracic segments also support wings. It has been suggested that these may be homologous to the gill branches of crustaceans, or they may have developed from extensions of the segments themselves.
Hexapoda | Morphology
Palpi with second joint reaching above vertex of head. Third joint with a tuft of hair on the inner side. Antennae of male with long bristles and cilia. Thorax and abdomen smoothly scaled. Tibia naked. Forewings with veins 8 and 9 anastomosing (fusing) to form a short areole. Hindwings with vein 5 from middle of discocellulars. Cilia of both wings are crenulate (scalloped).
Tadaxa | Description
The thorax is a series of articulated segments that lie between the cephalon and pygidium. The number of segments varies between 2 and 103 with most species in the 2 to 16 range. Each segment consists of the central axial ring and the outer pleurae, which protected the limbs and gills. The pleurae are sometimes abbreviated or extended to form long spines. Apodemes are bulbous projections on the ventral surface of the exoskeleton to which most leg muscles attached, although some leg muscles attached directly to the exoskeleton. Determining a junction between thorax and pygidium can be difficult and many segment counts suffer from this problem.
Trilobite | Thorax
The oval abdomen is longer than it is wide and has a generally teardrop shape. The thorax hosts two sets of horn-like protrusions, giving it an uneven outline with the larger "horns" placed to the rear.
Pseudogarypus synchrotron | Description
In some species, this region is modified and assumes a different name. The thorax is a tagma composed of three sections, the prothorax, mesothorax and the metathorax. The anterior segment, closest to the head, is the prothorax, with the major features being the first pair of legs and the pronotum. The middle segment is the mesothorax, with the major features being the second pair of legs and the anterior wings. The third and most posterior segment, abutting the abdomen, is the metathorax, which features the third pair of legs and the posterior wings. Each segment is dilineated by an intersegmental suture.
Insect | Segmentation
The thorax has at least 20 segments. The tail shield (or pygidium) is small.
Nepeidae | Introduction
The anterior thorax consists of eleven segments, each bearing a pair of appendages, called thoracopods or pereiopods. None of the thoracopods are modified into maxillipeds for feeding. The posterior thorax consists of 16–25 segments, incompletely separated to form "rings". Each ring may consist of as many as six fused segments and bear up to six pairs of appendages (there are 54–66 limbs altogether). Most of the thoracic appendages resemble each other, but the first eleven pairs are best developed. There is a slight tendency to regional specialization and the first pair of legs is unlike the rest. It is an elongated, cheliped-like structure with a sensory function, while all the other appendages aid in feeding, respiration, and locomotion.
Triops longicaudatus | Thorax
Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen much as in the male.
Prosotas nora | Description
This creates two very typical, isolated slits. The exoskeleton of "Mesonacis" is about 2⅓× as long as wide, measured between the genal angles. The outer ⅓ of the back (or posterior margin) of the headshield (or cephalon) angles forwards from the tip of the pleural spine to the genal angle. The central area of the cephalon (or glabella) and the frontal margin touch or the distance is as long as the margin at most (in jargon: the preglabellar field is short or absent). The thorax has approximately 25 segments, the pleura about 1½× as wide as the axis, excluding the genal spines.
Mesonacis | Description
The prothorax rounded on the side, moderately widened in the middle and suddenly narrowed (but not truncated) at a very short distance from the base. Rear angle sharp and projecting, deeply marked (punctured) at base.
Abacetus pumilus | Thorax
The first thoracic segment (Prothorax), which is the segment closest to the head, is nearly heart-shaped (sub-cordate) and hairless (glabrous). The Prothorax is broad as long, curved like a bow (arcuate) on the side (laterally) from apex to base, but broader in the front (anterior) than in the back part (posterior) where it does not have any curvilinear indentations (not sinuate), but the basal angle is sharp and projects, the outer margin is bent backward (reflexed). On the Prothorax the side groove (lateral sulcus) is narrow and reaches from the front (anterior) angle to the basal pore and is not continued along the basal margin to the basal longitudinal groove (sulcus), the space along the base between the grooves (sulci) and the median longitudinal line is not punctured (impunctate), the front part of the disk which is broadest across the median part is slightly convex and the sides of the rear (posterior) are not depressed or bent backwards (reflexed) on the site (laterally).
Abacetus emeritus | Thorax
The thorax has not been found. The pygidium is convex. Its axis is parallel-sided, and does not reach border furrow. Three pairs of pleural furrows may be discernible. The pygidial border is narrow.
Dicerodiscus | Description
Head, black, small, and triangular, having three tubercles issuing from it, of which the anterior is pointed, the others blunt. Thorax black, which is the general colour of the insect, rounded, smooth, and margined, having an impression in front, with a short tubercle situated on it near the edge; from whence runs a hollow groove or channel to the posterior margin. Scutellum small. Elytra shining, margined and furrowed. Abdomen smooth and shining, without hair. Tibiae furnished with spines, as are the first joints of the middle and posterior tarsi. Length 2 inches.
Phileurus didymus | Description
Its body (or thorax) has 17 segments, with nodes on thorax segments 1 to 14, and a short spine on segment 15 that is at its base about ¼ as wide as the axis. The axis is about ¼ as wide as the thorax. Unlike in the majority of the Olenelloidea, in "Wanneria" thorax segment 3 is not macro-pleural, but equal in size and shape to neighboring segments. Pleural spines slightly arched backwards, extending sideward in the most frontal thorax segments, but gradually more backward and eventually even arching slightly inward in segment 17.
Wanneria | Description
In the Apocritan Hymenoptera, the first abdominal segment is fused to the metathorax, where it forms a structure known as the propodeum. Accordingly, in these insects, the functional thorax is composed of four segments, and is therefore typically called the mesosoma to distinguish it from the "thorax" of other insects. Each thoracic segment in an insect is further subdivided into various parts, the most significant of which are the dorsal portion (the notum), the lateral portion (the pleuron; one on each side), and the ventral portion (the sternum). In some insects, each of these parts is composed of one to several independent exoskeletal plates with membrane between them (called sclerites), though in many cases the sclerites are fused to various degrees.
Thorax | In arthropods
If pygidial spines are lacking, the margin is gradually rounded. The thorax has 12 segments.
Dikelocephalus | Introduction
Their thoraxes are tuftless. The abdomen is slender and tapering to a point with the slight dorsal tufts. Palpi more slender and reaching above vertex of head. Forewings are shorter and broader, where the costa more arched towards apex.
Amyna | Description
The thorax and pygidium are very regularly divided into up to 23 rather narrow segments, without a furrow within each of the pleurae. The pleurae are clearly wider than the axis. The pygidium ends in downward pointing toothlike spines.
Pliomera | Introduction
The prothorax is the simplest and smallest of the three segments while the mesothorax is the most developed. Between the head and thorax is the membranous neck or "cervix". It comprises a pair of lateral cervical sclerites and is composed of both cephalic and thoracic elements. Between the head and the thorax is a tufted scale called the pronotum. On either side is a shield-like scale called a scapula. In the Noctuoidea, the metathorax is modified with a pair of tympanal organs.
External morphology of Lepidoptera | Thorax
The date and circumstances of this, however, are very doubtful.
Thorax of Lacedaemonia | Introduction
The word thorax comes from the Greek θώραξ "thorax" "breastplate, cuirass, corslet" via .
Thorax | Etymology
This pattern is repeated with all thorax segments. Antennae are not known. Dorsal eyes are absent. The thorax segments are each about along the axis. The tail shield is dominated by a pair of large segmental marginal spines, reminiscent of large (or macropleural) spines in the thorax and of pygidial spines of certain trilobites. The one node it carries is larger and more sharply defined than the nodes on the segments. The frontal border of the tail shield is convex and curves laterally into the large spines which extend postero-laterally, constituting half the total body length. The back margin of the spines is concave and merges into a second pair of short, broad, triangular spines.
Aaveqaspis | Description
The males are a bright electric blue (with greenish tints) and have two rows of reddish orange spines along the edges of the femur. There are also dark coloured spines going along the sides and underneath the thorax. Males are brachypterous (incapable of flight) and have small reduced wings. The forewings are a bright yellow; the hind wings have a yellow ridge and are primarily red with a black centre. The male’s abdomen tip finishes like a club tail. The 7th and 8th tergum (abdominal segments) both extend outwards along the sides giving it the gradual shape of a hexagon.
Achrioptera fallax | Description
Thorax is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal specialising in both clinical and experimental research articles on respiratory medicine as well as paediatrics, immunology, pharmacology, pathology, and surgery. It was established in 1946 and is published by the BMJ Group on behalf of the British Thoracic Society. The journal is available online by subscription and archived editions of the journal are available free of charge after 1 year. The editors-in-chief are Alan Smyth, Gisli Jenkins and Nicholas Hart.
Thorax (journal) | Introduction
Ventrally, a large plate has been interpreted as a hypostome. The head shield overlaps a tapering series of 12–17 trunk tergites, which lead into a set of limb-bearing segments comprising the thorax. The limbs are simple in form, consisting of a smooth oval exopod and a stout, annulated endopod. There is no one-to-one correspondence between the thoracic tergites and the limbs, but, rather, there appear to be two or three limbs per tergite. Behind the thorax is a narrower abdominal region, consisting of 14 tergites, that bears no appendages. The abdomen is terminated by a telson-like spine.
Fuxianhuia | Description
"Thoracocare" is a very small to minute trilobite (1.7 – 3.6 mm long in adulthood), with an elliptical body outline. The headshield (or cephalon) and tailshield (or pygidium) are of approximately same size (or isopygous) with 2 thoracic segments between them. The central raised area of the cephalon (or glabella) is broad, subrectangular, tapering slightly to the back in larger specimens and touching the frontal border, and without transverse furrows. Fixed cheeks are subtriangular. Free cheeks are rarely present. Dorsal sutures are proparian. The pygidium is subcircular, about 1⅔× as wide as long. The segmentation of the pygidial axis (or rhachis) and pleura is indiscernible or very weak.
Thoracocare | Description
It has a distinct cephalic border. The glabella is hourglass-shaped and the furrows are indistinct. The small eyes are set on the vertical outside surface of the eyelobes (or papebral lobes), that extend upwards and backwards above the glabella. The cheeks (or genae) are clearly convex. The thorax is about as long as wide and shaped as a shield. The frontal thorax (or prothorax) has 15 segments, the last of which carries a firm, long, backward-directed spine. The 3rd thorax segment is enlarged, the pleura at the axis slightly longer than that of other segments, and about four times as long at the side removed from the axis.
Biceratops | Description
In front of the clypeus, the bases of the long straight mandibles are placed close together. On the masticatory margin there are no denticles, with possibly three teeth present at the tip end of each mandible, though only two are visible. The thorax is slightly elongated, with a mesoscutum that is a little wider than long and attaching with no overhang of the sclerites to the propodeum. The petiole is rounded and narrow, without a spine on the upper surface.
Odontomachus paleomyagra | Description
The cephalothorax is flat and long, with the thorax much longer than the head part. It is of a leathery dark brown, with the cephalus and the sides black. On the thorax there is a broad median yellow stripe, edged with yellow hairs. The abdomen is smooth and black with a vague median stripe. The front legs are very robust and dark, with yellowish tips. All other legs are pale yellow. The male lacks the characteristic process of the chelicera found in most other males of the genus "Padilla".
Padilla javana | Description
The insect thorax has three segments: the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. The anterior segment, closest to the head, is the prothorax; its major features are the first pair of legs and the pronotum. The middle segment is the mesothorax; its major features are the second pair of legs and the anterior wings, if any. The third, the posterior, thoracic segment, abutting the abdomen, is the metathorax, which bears the third pair of legs and the posterior wings. Each segment is dilineated by an intersegmental suture. Each segment has four basic regions. The dorsal surface is called the tergum (or notum, to distinguish it from the abdominal terga).
Insect morphology | Thorax
The scutellum (Latin for 'little shield', the hard extension of the thorax covering the abdomen in hemipterans) is triangular and does not cover the leathery middle section of the forewing but is often partially covered by the prothorax. The tarsi (the final segments of the legs) have 2 to 3 segments. They are most reliably distinguished from pentatomids by having six exposed abdominal spiracles instead of five.
Tessaratomidae | Description
Upperside: The antennae are about an inch (25 mm) long, slender, setaceous, and gradually diminishing from the base to the extremities. The head is small. The thorax is clothed with long soft hair, and, with the abdomen, is of a darkish brown. A remarkable straight narrow line, or bar, of a cream colour, arises from the middle of the anterior edge of each of the forewings, and, crossing both anterior and posterior wings, ends at the abdominal edges, about half an inch below the abdomen; so that, when the wings are extended, as in the figure, these lines, with the anterior edges, form an equilateral triangle.
Lyssa patroclus | Description
The thorax of most anostracans has 13 segments (19 in "Polyartemiella" and 21 in "Polyartemia"). All but the last two are very similar, with a pair of biramous phyllopods (flattened, leaf-like appendages). The last two segments are fused together, and their appendages are specialised for reproduction. Most anostracans have separate sexes (gonochorism), but a few reproduce by parthenogenesis. The abdomen comprises 6 segments without appendages, and a telson, which bears two flattened caudal rami or "cercopods".
Anostraca | Thorax and abdomen
This further segmentation is usually best seen on the abdomen.
Beetle | Thorax
The thorax is barely wider than the head and the forelegs are smaller than the mid and hindlegs. The abdomen is wider than the thorax, and it bears six spiracles on each side. Nymphs have a head that has a broadly rounded anterior margin and lacks a lateral notch anterior to the antennae. Its thorax is slightly wider than its head, with gently convex lateral margins. The most basal segment, or coxae, are subtriangular. Their abdomen has nine rows of two-dorsal central abdominal seta and one fairly long dorsal lateral abdominal seta.
Lemurpediculus verruculosus | Morphology
The thorax of "H. suis" is primarily for movement. The three pairs of legs are attached at the thorax. Each leg has large claws for grasping the hair of the host.
Haematopinus suis | Thorax
The thorax is segmented into the two discernible parts, the pro- and pterothorax. The pterothorax is the fused meso- and metathorax, which are commonly separated in other insect species, although flexibly articulate from the prothorax. When viewed from below, the thorax is that part from which all three pairs of legs and both pairs of wings arise. The abdomen is everything posterior to the thorax. When viewed from above, most beetles appear to have three clear sections, but this is deceptive: on the beetle's upper surface, the middle section is a hard plate called the pronotum, which is only the front part of the thorax; the back part of the thorax is concealed by the beetle's wings.
Beetle | Thorax
The abdomen is yellow and black above. The head (hence the common name white-head batwing) and the underside of abdomen are white or yellow. The thorax is black.
Atrophaneura priapus | Introduction
Palpi upturned, where the second joint reaching vertex of head and roughly scaled and third joint short. Antennae minutely ciliated in male. Thorax smoothly scaled. Abdomen with dorsal tufts on proximal segments. Tibia naked. Forewings with nearly rectangular apex. Veins 7 to 9 stalked. Hindwings with veins 6 and 7 stalked.
Toxophleps | Description
There is a dark median line on the vertex and dorsum of the thorax.
Rufoclanis fulgurans | Introduction
Antennae, head, thorax and abdomen dark brown; beneath, palpi, thorax and abdomen white suffused with pale blue. The usual abdominal bar at base above.
Athyma zeroca | Description
In the human body, the region of the thorax between the neck and diaphragm in the front of the body is called the chest. The corresponding area in an animal can also be referred to as the chest. The shape of the chest does not correspond to that part of the thoracic skeleton that encloses the heart and lungs. All the breadth of the shoulders is due to the shoulder girdle, and contains the axillae and the heads of the humeri. In the middle line the suprasternal notch is seen above, while about three fingers' breadth below it a transverse ridge can be felt, which is known as the sternal angle and this marks the junction between the manubrium and body of the sternum.
Thorax | The chest
The side lobes of the thorax (or pleurae, singular pleura) have rounded ends. The pygidium is well rounded, semicircular or shorter, with an entire margin, and without lateral and posterior projections. In many Phacopidae, where the facial sutures are apparently continuous and well developed, they were evidently nonfunctional in ecdysis, since no separate free cheeks can be found.
Viaphacops | Description
The border furrow runs into the margin just in front of the genal angle. The thorax has three segments, like all other Weymouthiidae for which the thorax is known. The pygidium has the same shape as cephalon, with a conical axis of at least eight rings, and it does not reach posterior border furrow. The areas left and right of the axis (or pleural areas) are smooth.
Mallagnostus | Description
Both sexes are about long. The cephalus is high, the eye region blackish with the area between the rear eyes lighter. The rest of the thorax is brown with a whitish lateral band on each side. The abdomen is small and light yellowish with a vague white pattern.
Nannenus | Description
The articulated middle part of the body (or thorax) has 7-11 segments (9 in "A. wheeleri"), with rounded tips. The tailshield (or pygidium) is about 30% of the body length, is semi-circular in shape, with a wide flat border, and an entire margin.
Asaphiscus | Description
Back margin of cephalon inside the intergenal angle transverse or directed posteriorly. The third thorax segment (T3) is not larger than the neighboring segments and does not carry larger spines. Anterior thoracic pleural spines weakly to strongly thornlike except in "Kjerulfia" and "Grandinasus".
Holmiidae | Description
The headshield (or cephalon) of "Globampyx" is densely covered with very small granules. The central raised area of the cephalon (or glabella) has an inverted flask-shape. It lacks the rapier-like glabellar spine of many other raphiophorids, but only has a tubercle. The thorax has five segments. The short but wide triangular pygidium, with a rather low axis (or rhachis) of up to six indistinct rings that reaches the faint border furrow.
Globampyx | Description
The mouthparts are designed for chewing and consist of a flap-like labrum, a pair of strong mandibles, a pair of maxillae, a membranous hypopharynx and a labium. The thorax consists of three segments – the hindmost two, the mesothorax and metathorax, being fused. Each segment bears a pair of legs which usually terminate in a single claw. The legs are robust and often clad in bristles, hairs or spines. Wing pads develop on the mesothorax, and in some species, hindwing pads develop on the metathorax. The abdomen consists of ten segments, some of which may be obscured by a large pair of operculate gills, a thoracic shield (expanded part of the prothorax) or the developing wing pads.
Mayfly | Nymph
The thorax and head are darkly colored with grey frosted areas. Eyes are nearly holoptic, meaning that they almost meet in the middle of the head, but there is a slight separation. Legs are yellow with a dark ring where the femur ends. Wings are semi-clear with brown veins throughout. Males and females look quite similar. Two differences are that the separation between the eyes is usually wider in males, and the bristles on the upper part of the leg are shorter in males.
Empis snoddyi | Description
General outline of the body is rounded the front third, parallel sided the middle third, and progressively tapering backwards in the back third, ending at an angle of approximately 45° with the midline. Headshield (or cephalon is approximately ⅝× as long as wide. The (in this case only slightly) vaulted central axis in the head or glabella tapers gently forward and does not reach the anterior margin. The outer backside of the cephalon (or genal angle) has short genal spines. The thorax has 17 or 18 articulating segments, maintaining width or widening slightly backward to 8th segment, then tapering posteriorly.
Buenellus | Description
(The cephalothorax (or prosoma) of chelicerates is a fusion of head and thorax.)
Mandible (arthropod mouthpart) | Introduction
10 to 14 mm. The upper head and vertex are shiny black. The lower face has silvery-white pile. The mystax is white and the short proboscis black. The antennae appears Y-shaped with the segments about equal in length. They are black with short black hair. The neck is obvious and the thorax is raised or humped. It is black with two long indented lines and a faint covering of light yellow pile. Segment 2 (scutellum) is small with a line of yellow pile at base. The thorax sides have a wide stripe of whitish pollen extending along thorax down to front leg.
Dioctria hyalipennis | Description
The head is morphologically distinct from the thorax. It bears two compound eyes on prominent stalks, and two pairs of antennae. The first pair of antennae are small, usually unsegmented, and uniramous. The second pair are long and cylindrical in females, but in males they are enlarged and specialised for holding the female during mating. In some groups, males have an additional frontal appendage.
Anostraca | Head
Head short and black. Mandibles short. Antennae dark brown, almost black; shorter than the insect. The thorax broad, rough and black, margined on the posterior and anterior edges; having many small sharp spines on its sides, the two last of which are larger than the rest, and having two tubercles on the upper side. Elytra dark brown, almost black, margined on the sides and suture, with a small spine on each, at the extremities, and extending a little beyond the anus. Abdomen smooth and shining, and of a dark brown colour, nearly black. Sides of the breast hairy. Legs dark brown, almost black, smooth and shining, with three small tibial spurs.
Archodontes | Description
A thoracic limb is a limb attached to the thorax. It may refer to one of these topics:
Thoracic limb | Introduction
General colour like that of cinnamon. Head covered with hair in front. Eyes black, extending almost round the head, being only separated both above and beneath by a narrow space. Antennae shorter than the body; flattened towards the tips. Thorax thin on the sides, and margined; having two spines, the posterior largest; and on the top are two round tubercles, covered with very short fine hairs or down. Scutellum small and rounded. Elytra margined deeply on the sides, but more faintly at the suture, extending beyond the anus; having a small spine at their extremities, where they are nearly as broad as at the thorax; clothed with exceedingly short fine hairs, as are likewise the abdomen and breast.
Orthomegas cinnamomeus | Description
Palpi upturned and reaching vertex of head, and short third joint. Antennae quite simple. Thorax and abdomen clothed with long hair. Abdomen in male with a strongly ridged chitinous rasp on center of dorsum of penultimate segment, probably played on by the strong chitinous spurs of the hindlegs. Tibia fringed with long hairs.
Arcte | Description
Almost the entire body of "T.grandis" is covered with spines and tubercles of varying sizes. The pygidium is large and shield-like with four pairs of slightly curved barbed spines on the sides. The thorax consists of around 11 segments. The cephalon is characterized by its swollen front portion and longitudinal furrows that delinates a pair of swellings that located in line with the eyes. The hypostome is almost flat and kidney-shaped and has a poorly defined central body.
Terataspis | Description
"S. bullata" have black legs, translucent wings, and do not have a costal spine.
Sarcophaga bullata | Thorax
The contents of the thorax include the heart and lungs (and the thymus gland); the (major and minor pectoral muscles, trapezius muscles, and neck muscle); and internal structures such as the diaphragm, the esophagus, the trachea, and a part of the sternum known as the xiphoid process). Arteries and veins are also contained – (aorta, superior vena cava, inferior vena cava and the pulmonary artery); bones (the shoulder socket containing the upper part of the humerus, the scapula, sternum, thoracic portion of the spine, collarbone, and the rib cage and floating ribs). External structures are the skin and nipples.
Thorax | Contents
"Aeshna affinis" is a small "Aeshna" and very similar to the related "A. mixta" with which it is easily confused. As its name suggests the male has blue eyes and also blue marking on the abdomen. "A. affinis" lacks the yellow T-shaped mark which is found on the top of the second abdomen segment in "A. mixta". The markings on the side of the thorax are also different in "A. affinis" and "A. mixta". In "A. affinis" the sides of the thorax are greeny yellow with fine black lines along the sutures. In "A. mixta" the sides of the thorax are similar in colour but the yellow is separated by dark brown areas so it gives the appearance of having two broad yellow stripes
Aeshna affinis | Identification
The thorax constitutes a large portion of the insect's body. As in all insects, it is composed of three segments: the prothorax, mesothorax, and metathorax. Each section "contains one pair of legs, however, the wings are found only on the mesothoracic and metathoracic segments."
Idolomantis diabolica | Thorax
The scutellum is distinctly visible but rather small. Like in most other Eurybatinae, there is no groove connecting the mesoscutal transverse sutures across the centerline of the mesothorax. The metathorax has a dorsal sclerite shaped like a saddle.
Badisis | Thorax
It lacks the long axial spine where prothorax ends. The portion of the thorax where the pleural lobes are reduced (or opisthothorax) consist of at least 23 segments.
Nephrolenellus | Description
Thorax () was a town in ancient Aetolia.
Thorax (Aetolia) | Introduction
The head and thorax are completely black. The head is strongly rounded, the thorax is elongated in a sort of long neck ("propleura"), which separates the head from the body. Also the abdomen is strongly stretched, broader at the posterior end and placed on the upper chest ("propodeum"). The colour of the abdomen is black, with reddish-orange rings. The tibiae of the hind legs are club shaped. In the female the ovipositor is usually very long with a white tip. In resting position, these wasps slowly and rhythmically raise and lower the abdomen.
Gasteruption jaculator | Description
Neighbouring pleurae are displaced because of the large pleurae of the 3rd segment. The back thorax (or opistothorax) consists of about 10 progressively smaller segments with insignificant pleurae. Tail shield (or pygidium) not known.
Biceratops | Description
The cephalothorax, also called prosoma in some groups, is a tagma of various arthropods, comprising the head and the thorax fused together, as distinct from the abdomen behind. (The terms "prosoma" and "opisthosoma" are equivalent to "cephalothorax" and "abdomen" in some groups.) The word "cephalothorax" is derived from the Greek words for head (, ') and thorax (, '). This fusion of the head and thorax is seen in chelicerates and crustaceans; in other groups, such as the Hexapoda (including insects), the head remains free of the thorax. In horseshoe crabs and many crustaceans, a hard shell called the carapace covers the cephalothorax.
Cephalothorax | Introduction
See Morphology of Diptera for terms. Eyes densely long· (male) or short- (female) haired. The abdomen, seen from behind, with (male) rather dense grey dusting and a sharply defined narrow median dark line, or (female) with thin dusting and a broader, less sharply defined dark median area and faint shifting dark spots. The female thorax, seen from in front, with 4 faint but more or less distinct darker stripes; frontal triangle, seen from slightly behind, usually extending almost to lunule. 3.5–6 mm.
Hebecnema umbratica | Description
"Lutzomyia anthophora" is identified by a few morphological characteristics. The most obvious is that the thorax is divided into three sections, the prothorax, the mesothorax, and the metathorax. Also, there are distinctive spines on their hind femoras. The posterior end of their cibarium contains two horizontal teeth and they have episternal setae. They also have one subterminal and one basal setae. The male and female are then differentiated by their own morphological characteristics. Males have parmere's with short strongly clubbed dorsal arms. The females have individual sperm ducts at least as long as the spermetheca. For more information follow the link to the diachotomous key.
Lutzomyia anthophora | Morphology
The upperside of the thorax is grey with white hairs and the abdomen is black. The underside of the head, thorax and abdomen are white. The female is similar with the upper forewing having the orange patch on the black apical area narrower, posteriorly truncate and not extending so far down. There is also an outer transverse series of four black spots on the orange parch in interspaces 2 to 5. The underside is similar to that of the male but the markings are slightly larger. The antennae, head, thorax and abdomen are also similar.
Ixias marianne | Wet-season brood
The face and thorax are bright red. The abdomen is pale in colour and 2.2-2.4 cm long. The female and male are similar in colour.
Red and blue damsel | Description
The articulating middle part of the body (or thorax) has 12 segments. The axis is convex, and less than ½× as wide as each of the so-called pleurae to its sides. Segments pointed sideways with a rounded front (a shape called falcate). The tailshield (or pygidium) is about ½× as wide as the cephalon, almost twice as wide as long, excluding the two, widely spaced spines. These are at an angle of approximately 30° with the rest body. The axis in the pygidium is 1¼× longer than wide, with almost parallel sides, almost reaching the rear margin, with 3 or 4 axial rings; 3 sets of interpleural grooves and pleural furrows ending at distance of the margin.
Tricrepicephalus | Description
The holotype is a male 73.5 mm in length from head to genital tip. The thorax is poorly preserved, with only the mesothorax and metathorax recognizable. The 7th and 8th abdominal segments are exceedingly long in comparison to other segments. The compound eyes are large and oval-shaped. The antennae are filliform.
Fortiholcorpa | Description
Fuxianhuiids possess specialized post-antennal appendages with serrated edges used for food processing. In most fuxianhuiids, the thorax tergites narrow posteriorly, terminating in either a swimming paddle or paired flukes with a tailspine. In members of Fuxianhuiidae the thorax is divided into two sections, the anterior wide opisthothorax and the posterior narrow limbless tail-like abdomen. Many specimens are known with exceptional soft tissue preservation, including preserved guts and neural tissue, which given their basal phylogenetic position makes them important in understanding the evolution of arthropoda as a whole.
Fuxianhuiida | Introduction
Thorax with no features: elytra with dents. Mid and rear segment with teeth.
Chaetocnema denticulata | Description
The articulate midlength part of the body (or thorax) consists of 8 segments. Furrows in the parts outside the axis (or pleural furrows) are diagonal. The pygidium is rounded, and has a long axis with concave, posteriorly parallel sides. Some rings may be faintly defined anteriorly and the axis dissolves in the postaxial field. The areas outside the axis (or pleural fields) are smooth or very faintly ribbed.
Asaphus | Description
Palpi with second joint reaching above vertex of head. Third joint long and naked. Antennae with long cilia and bristles in male. Thorax with a high sharp tuft found behind collar. Abdomen smoothly scaled. Tibia slightly hairy. Forewings with arched costa. Apex acute and produced. Hindwings with rounded outer margin. Vein 5 from near middle of discocellulars.
Hyperlopha | Description
Like all agnostids, ptychagnostids have cephalons and pygidia that are more or less uniform in size and shape (isopygous). The thorax is composed of two body segments (somites). They are completely blind.
Ptychagnostidae | Description
The female nipple is surrounded for half an inch by a more or less pigmented disc, the areola. The apex of a normal heart is in the fifth left intercostal space, three and a half inches from the mid-line.
Thorax | Anatomical landmarks
Mantises have large, triangular heads with a beak-like snout and mandibles. They have two bulbous compound eyes, three small simple eyes, and a pair of antennae. The articulation of the neck is also remarkably flexible; some species of mantis can rotate their heads nearly 180°. The mantis thorax consists of a prothorax, a mesothorax, and a metathorax. In all species apart from the genus "Mantoida", the prothorax, which bears the head and forelegs, is much longer than the other two thoracic segments. The prothorax is also flexibly articulated, allowing for a wide range of movements of the head and fore limbs while the remainder of the body remains more or less immobile.
Mantis | Anatomy