The arteries which supply the ureter vary along its course. The upper third of the ureter, closest to the kidney, is supplied by the renal arteries. The middle part of the ureter is supplied by the common iliac arteries, direct branches from the abdominal aorta, and gonadal arteries; the gonadal arteries being the testicular artery in men and the ovarian artery in women. The lower third of the ureter, closest to the bladder, is supplied by branches from the internal iliac arteries, mainly the superior and inferior vesical arteries. The arterial supply can be variable, with arteries that contribute include the middle rectal artery, branches directly from the aorta, and, in women, the uterine and vaginal arteries.
Blood and lymphatic supply
Ureter
Ureter | Blood and lymphatic supply
Yes, the arteries which supply the ureter vary along its course Yes. Sorry. I cannot find the answer based on the context. Yes, there are arteries which supply the ureter like renal arteries
what tissue types form the wall of the ureter
user
urothelial cells
assistant
what is ureter?
user
The ureters are tubes made of smooth muscle that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder.
assistant
what is the size of this tube?
user
The ureters are between 1.5 - 6 mm in diameter, and surrounded by a layer of smooth muscle for 1 - 2 cm near their ends just before they enter the bladder.
assistant
can you name one function of this bladder?
user
Urine, excreted by the kidneys, collects in the bladder
assistant
do mammals also have this bladder?
user
Yes, all mammals have a urinary bladder
assistant
is it also prone to any deadly disease?
user
Yes, bladder cancer
assistant
does the tube also have anything to do with the supply of blood?
user
The arteries that supply the ureters end in a network of vessels within the adventitia of the ureters. There are many connections () between the arteries of the ureter, particularly in the adventitia, which means damage to a single vessel does not compromise the blood supply of the ureter. Venous drainage mostly parallels that of the arterial supply; that is, it begins as a network of smaller veins in the adventitia; with the renal veins draining the upper ureters, and the vesicular and gonadal veins draining the lower ureters. Lymphatic drainage depends on the position of lymphatic vessels in the ureter.
Ureter | Blood and lymphatic supply
Lymph collects in submucosal, intramuscular and advential lymphatic vessels. Those vessels closer to the kidney drain into renal collecting vessels, and from here into the lateral aortic nodes near the gonadal vessels. The middle part of the ureter drains into the right paracaval and interaortocaval nodes on the right, and the left paraaortic nodes on the left. In the lower ureter, lymph may drain into the common iliac lymph nodes, or lower down in the pelvis to the common, external, or internal iliac lymph nodes.
Ureter | Blood and lymphatic supply
The arteries which supply the ureter vary along its course. The upper third of the ureter, closest to the kidney, is supplied by the renal arteries. The middle part of the ureter is supplied by the common iliac arteries, direct branches from the abdominal aorta, and gonadal arteries; the gonadal arteries being the testicular artery in men and the ovarian artery in women. The lower third of the ureter, closest to the bladder, is supplied by branches from the internal iliac arteries, mainly the superior and inferior vesical arteries. The arterial supply can be variable, with arteries that contribute include the middle rectal artery, branches directly from the aorta, and, in women, the uterine and vaginal arteries.
Ureter | Blood and lymphatic supply
These then form three sets of vessels: one set near the trigone draining the bottom of the bladder; one set draining the top of the bladder; and another set draining the outer undersurface of the bladder. The majority of these vessels drain into the external iliac lymph nodes.
Urinary bladder | Blood and lymph supply
Somatic (conscious) innervation of the external urethral sphincter is supplied by the pudendal nerve.
Urethra | Blood and nerve supply and lymphatics
The bladder receives blood by the vesical arteries and drained into a network of vesical veins. The superior vesical artery supplies blood to the upper part of the bladder. The lower part of the bladder is supplied by the inferior vesical artery, both of which are branches of the internal iliac arteries. In females, the uterine and vaginal arteries provide additional blood supply. Venous drainage begins in a network of small vessels on the lower surfaces of the bladder, which coalesce and travel with the lateral ligaments of the bladder into the internal iliac veins. The lymph drained from the bladder begins in a series of networks throughout the mucosal, muscular and serosal layers.
Urinary bladder | Blood and lymph supply
These drain into the brachiocephalic, tracheobronchial and parasternal lymph nodes.
Thymus | Blood and nerve supply
Beyond these layers sits an adventitia containing blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and veins.
Ureter | Microanatomy
Arterial supply is by the inferior mesenteric artery, and venous drainage is to the portal venous system. Lymphatic drainage is to the chyle cistern.
Hindgut | Blood supply
Blood supply and lymphatic drainage of the testes and scrotum are distinct:
Testicle | Blood supply and lymphatic drainage
The ureters are richly supplied by nerves that form a network () of nerves, the ureteric plexus that lies in the adventitia of the ureters. This plexus is formed from a number of nerve roots directly (T9-12, L1, and S2-4), as well as branches from other nerve plexuses and nerves; specifically, the upper third of the ureter receives nerve branches from the renal plexus and aortic plexus, the middle part receives branches from the upper hypogastric plexus and nerve, and the lower ureter receives branches from the lower hypogastric plexus and nerve. The plexus is in the adventitia. The these nerves travel in individual bundles and along small blood vessels to form the ureteric plexus.
Ureter | Nerve supply
The vesicles receive blood supply from the vesiculodeferential artery, and also from the inferior vesical artery. The vesiculodeferential artery arises from the umbilical arteries, which branch directly from the internal iliac arteries. Blood is drained into the vesiculodeferential veins and the inferior vesical plexus, which drain into the internal iliac veins. Lymphatic drainage occurs along the venous routes, draining into the internal iliac nodes. The vesicles lie behind the bladder at the end of the vasa deferentia. They lie in the space between the bladder and the rectum; the bladder and prostate lie in front, the tip of the ureter as it enters the bladder above, and Denonvilliers fascia and the rectum behind.
Seminal vesicles | Structure
Near the middle of the spleen is a long fissure, the hilum, which is the point of attachment for the gastrosplenic ligament and the point of insertion for the splenic artery and splenic vein. There are other openings present for lymphatic vessels and nerves. Like the thymus, the spleen possesses only efferent lymphatic vessels. The spleen is part of the lymphatic system. Both the short gastric arteries and the splenic artery supply it with blood. The germinal centers are supplied by arterioles called "penicilliary radicles".
Spleen | Blood supply
Sensation supplied is sparse close to the kidneys and increases closer to the bladder. Sensation to the ureters is provided by nerves that come from T11 - L2 segments of the spinal cord. When pain is caused, for example by spasm of the ureters or by a stone, the pain may be referred to the dermatomes of T11 - L2, namely the back and sides of the abdomen, the scrotum (males) or labia majora (females) and upper part of the front of the thigh.
Ureter | Nerve supply
Like the thymus, the spleen has only efferent lymphatic vessels. Both the short gastric arteries and the splenic artery supply it with blood. The germinal centers are supplied by arterioles called "penicilliary radicles".
Lymphatic system | Spleen
The amount of air evacuated from the tube predetermines how much blood will fill the tube before blood stops flowing. Each tube is topped with a color-coded plastic or rubber cap. Tubes often include additives that mix with the blood when collected, and the color of each tube's plastic cap indicates which additives it contains. Blood collection tubes expire because over time the vacuum is lost and blood will not be drawn into the tube when the needle punctures the cap.
Vacutainer | Principles
In the developing world, the evacuated tube system is the preferred method of drawing blood
Venipuncture | Equipment
The dorsal blood supply, particularly of the proximal portion, is highly variable. Sometimes the fibers of the abductor pollicis brevis emerge from the tubercle.
Scaphoid bone | Variation
In this case, usually one ureter drains correctly to the bladder, with the duplicated ureter presenting as ectopic.
Ectopic ureter | Introduction
The finding that, for blood flowing steadily in tubes with diameters of less than 300 micrometres, the average hematocrit of the blood in the tube is less than the hematocrit of the blood in the reservoir feeding the tube is known as the Fåhræus effect. This effect is generated in the concentration entrance length of the tube, in which erythrocytes move towards the central region of the tube as they flow downstream. This entrance length is estimated to be about the distance that the blood travels in a quarter of a second for blood where red blood cell aggregation is negligible and the vessel diameter is greater than about 20 micrometres.
Hemorheology | The Fåhraeus effect
The tissues of the vulva are highly vascularised and blood supply is provided by the three pudendal arteries. Venous return is via the external and internal pudendal veins. The organs and tissues of the vulva are drained by a chain of superficial inguinal lymph nodes located along the blood vessels. The ilioinguinal nerve originates from the first lumbar nerve and gives branches that include the anterior labial nerves which supply the skin of the mons pubis and the labia majora. The perineal nerve is one of the terminal branches of the pudendal nerve and this branches into the posterior labial nerves to supply the labia.
Vulva | Blood, lymph and nerve supply
These arteries join () with ascending branches of the bronchial arteries, which are direct branches from the aorta, to supply blood to the trachea. The lymphatic vessels of the trachea drain into the pretracheal nodes that lie in front of the trachea, and paratracheal lymph nodes that lie beside it.
Trachea | Blood and lymphatic supply
Initially, a thin tube (catheter) is placed through the skin just above the pubic bone into the bladder, often with the assistance of ultrasound imaging. This catheter initially remains in place for up to a month while the tissue around it scars and forms a tract (sinus) between the bladder and the body exterior. After the formation of scar tissue is complete, the catheter is replaced periodically in order to help prevent infection.
Suprapubic cystostomy | Introduction
Blood vessels are not rigid tubes, so classic hydrodynamics and fluids mechanics based on the use of classical viscometers are not capable of explaining hemodynamics.
Hemodynamics | Introduction
Ninety-five percent of the lymphatic channels of the vagina are within 3 mm of the surface of the vagina. Two main veins drain blood from the vagina, one on the left and one on the right. These form a network of smaller veins, the vaginal venous plexus, on the sides of the vagina, connecting with similar venous plexuses of the uterus, bladder, and rectum. These ultimately drain into the internal iliac veins. The nerve supply of the upper vagina is provided by the sympathetic and parasympathetic areas of the pelvic plexus. The lower vagina is supplied by the pudendal nerve.
Vagina | Blood and nerve supply
Pathologies in these blood and nerve supplies can lead to torticollis.
Torticollis | Anatomy
The uterus is supplied by arterial blood both from the uterine artery and the ovarian artery. Another anastomotic branch may also supply the uterus from anastomosis of these two arteries.
Uterus | Blood supply
Blood to the medulla is supplied by a number of arteries.
Medulla oblongata | Blood supply
Major insertion complications include hemorrhage, infection, and reexpansion pulmonary edema. Injury to the liver, spleen or diaphragm is possible if the tube is placed inferior to the pleural cavity. Injuries to the thoracic aorta and heart can also occur.
Chest tube | Complications
Such are the distributions of the hepatic vein."
On the Sacred Disease | Summary
The vas deferens is supplied by an accompanying artery (artery of vas deferens). This artery normally arises from the superior (sometimes inferior) vesical artery, a branch of the internal iliac artery.
Vas deferens | Blood supply
This blood supplies the bronchi and the pleura to meet their nutritional requirements.
Bronchial circulation | Introduction
Vesical arteries are variable in number. They supply the bladder and terminal ureter. The two most prominent are the superior vesical artery and the inferior vesical artery. The superior vesical artery comes off of the internal iliac artery and sometimes the umbilical artery. The inferior vesical artery comes off of the internal iliac artery. The inferior vesical artery is only found in males.
Vesical arteries | Introduction
This quantity can easily fluctuate from between one-half and twice the normal volume. Also, in the event of blood loss through hemorrhage, blood from the lungs can partially compensate by automatically transferring to the systemic circulation.
Lung | Blood supply
Spread to the skeletal system is believed to occur via blood and lymphatics.
Tuberculous dactylitis | Introduction
The pair near the third vertebra pumps lymph into the jugular vein. The other pair at the end of the vertebral column pump lymph into the iliac vein in the legs.
Lymph heart | Lymphatics and lymph
There are many ways in which blood can be drawn from a vein, and the method used depends on the person's age, the equipment available, and the type of tests required. Most blood collection in the US, UK, Canada and Hong Kong is done with an evacuated tube system, (two common systems are Vacutainer (Becton, Dickinson and company) and Vacuette (Greiner Bio-One). The equipment consists of a plastic adapter, also known as a tube or needle holder/ hub, a hypodermic needle and a vacuum tube. Under certain circumstances, a syringe may be used, often with a butterfly needle, which is a plastic catheter attached to a short needle.
Venipuncture | Equipment
This is possible due to the multiple sample sleeve, which is a flexible rubber fitting over the posterior end of the needle cannula which seals the needle until it is pushed out of the way. This keeps blood from freely draining out of the back of the needle inserted in the vein, as each test tube is removed and the next impaled. OSHA safety regulations require that needles or tube holders come equipped with a safety device to cover the needle after the procedure to prevent accidental needle stick injury. Fittings and adapters used to fill evacuated tubes from butterfly needle kits and syringes are also available.
Venipuncture | With evacuated or vacuum tubes
The toes receive blood from the digital branches of the plantar metatarsal arteries and drain blood into the dorsal venous arch of the foot.
Toe | Blood supply
The blood supply consists of three spinal arterial vessels— the anterior median longitudinal arterial trunk and the right and left posterior spinal arteries. Other less prominent sources of blood supply include radicular arterial branches from the aorta, lateral sacral arteries, and the fifth lumbar, iliolumbar, and middle sacral arteries. The latter contribute more to the vascular supply of the cauda equina.
Conus medullaris | Blood supply
In mammals, blood is in equilibrium with lymph, which is continuously formed in tissues from blood by capillary ultrafiltration. Lymph is collected by a system of small lymphatic vessels and directed to the thoracic duct, which drains into the left subclavian vein, where lymph rejoins the systemic blood circulation.
Blood | Lymphatic system
This may have led to the lack of the stridulatory organ.
Mascaraneus | Lack of a stridulatory organ
As a result the tube is becoming increasingly scarce. Another tube of the same type found in far more plentiful supply is the 6U8A, which is electrically identical, but with a different pinout configuration. The 6U8A can be substituted for a 7199 using a readily available adapter, or by making a slight modification to the wiring of its tube socket.
7199 | Introduction
The ureter is lined by urothelium, a type of transitional epithelium that is capable of responding to stretches in the ureters. The transitional epithelium may appear as a layer of column-shaped cells when relaxed, and of flatter cells when distended. Below the epithelium sits the lamina propria. The lamina propria is made up of loose connective tissue with many elastic fibers interspersed with blood vessels, veins and lymphatics. The ureter is surrounded by two muscular layers, an inner longitudinal layer of muscle, and an outer circular or spiral layer of muscle. The lower third of the ureter has a third muscular layer.
Ureter | Microanatomy
Abductor pollicis longus is supplied by the posterior interosseous artery.
Abductor pollicis longus muscle | Blood supply
The venous drainage of the duodenum follows the arteries. Ultimately these veins drain into the portal system, either directly or indirectly through the splenic or superior mesenteric vein and then to portal vein .
Duodenum | Blood supply
In children with full bladders verified by ultrasound, complications are rare. Small amounts of blood in the urine after the procedure is common and resolves quickly. Large amounts of blood in the urine or infection of the abdominal wall puncture site are rare. Puncture of the bowel with the needle can occur if a loop of intestine overlays the bladder, but peritonitis is rare with such a small puncture. This can be avoided with use of ultrasound.
Suprapubic aspiration | Complications
However, Nigette Spikes has it that when enforced as a capital punishment, tubers so deposited were chosen to be as rough as possible so as to cause death by internal hemorrhaging.
Rhaphanidosis | Introduction
The anus receives blood from the inferior rectal artery and innervation from the inferior rectal nerves, which branch from the pudendal nerve.
Human anus | Structure
The gland receives its blood supply from the sublingual and submental arteries. Lymph from the sublingual salivary gland drains into the submandibular lymph nodes.
Sublingual gland | Blood supply
The arterial supply is by the femoral artery and the obturator artery. The lymphatic drainage closely follows the arterial supply and drains to the lumbar lymphatic trunks on the corresponding side, which in turn drains to the cisterna chyli. The deep venous system of the thigh consists of the femoral vein, the proximal part of the popliteal vein, and various smaller vessels; these are the site of proximal deep venous thrombosis. The "venae perfortantes" connect the deep and the superficial system, which consists of the saphenous veins (the site of varicose veins).
Thigh | Blood supply
through fracture of the neck of the femur along their course). The hip has two anatomically important anastomoses, the cruciate and the trochanteric anastomoses, the latter of which provides most of the blood to the head of the femur. These anastomoses exist between the femoral artery or profunda femoris and the gluteal vessels.
Hip | Blood supply
The round ligament is supplied by the artery of the round ligament, otherwise known as "Sampson's artery."
Round ligament of uterus | Blood supply
Other branches supply the ureter.
Superior vesical artery | Function
posterior meningeal artery (from the ascending pharyngeal artery through the jugular foramen) B. meningeal arteries (from the ascending pharyngeal artery through hypoglossal canal) C. meningeal arteries (from occipital artery through jugular or mastoid foramen) D. meningeal arteries (from vertebral artery through foramen magnum)
Dura mater | Blood supply
The composition of tubular fluid changes throughout the nephron, from the proximal tubule to the collecting duct and then as it exits the body, from the ureter.
Tubular fluid | Composition table
Another method could be to compress the veins and arteries with microvascular clips which do not cause trauma. In either case, after about an hour of restricting the blood, the pressure is removed to study how the pouch recovers.
Laboratory Syrian hamster | Cardiovascular
The donor may also be prompted to hold an object and squeeze it repeatedly to increase the blood flow through the vein.
Blood donation | Site preparation and drawing blood
The ureteral branches of renal artery are small branches which supply the ureter.
Ureteral branches of renal artery | Introduction
Blood, like electric current, flows along the path of least resistance. Resistance is affected by the length and width of a vessel (i.e. a long, narrow vessel has the greatest resistance and a short, wide one the least), but crucially in the human body width is generally more limiting than length because of Poiseuille's Law. Thus, if blood is presented with two paths, a short one that is narrow (with a high overall resistance) and a long one that is wide (with a low overall resistance), it will take the long and wide path (the one with the lower resistance).
Subclavian steal syndrome | Hemodynamics
IVU-shows Adder head appearance or Cobra head appearance. Cystoscopy-shows translucent cyst which is thin walled surrounding ureteric orifice
Ureterocele | Diagnosis
The artery arises from the superior vesical artery or the inferior vesical artery, which in turn arises from the anterior branch of the internal iliac artery. It accompanies the ductus deferens into the testis, where it anastomoses with the testicular artery. In this way it also supplies blood to the testis and epididymis. A small branch supplies the ureter.
Artery to the ductus deferens | Course
The external carotid artery and its terminal branches within the gland, namely, the superficial temporal and the Maxillary artery,also the posterior auricular artery supply the parotid gland. Venous return is to the retromandibular veins.
Parotid gland | Blood supply
Posterior tibial artery
Posterior compartment of leg | Blood supply
The head drains into, and wraps around, the superior mesenteric and portal veins, via the pancreaticoduodenal veins. The pancreas drains into lymphatic vessels that travel alongside its arteries, and has a rich lymphatic supply. The lymphatic vessels of the body and tail drain into splenic lymph nodes, and eventually into lymph nodes that lie in front of the aorta, between the coeliac and superior mesenteric arteries. The lymphatic vessels of the head and neck drain into intermediate lymphatic vessels around the pancreaticoduodenal, mesenteric and hepatic arteries, and from there into the lymph nodes that lie in front of the aorta.
Pancreas | Blood supply
Blood flows through the liver sinusoids and empties into the central vein of each lobule. The central veins coalesce into hepatic veins, which leave the liver and drain into the inferior vena cava.
Liver | Blood supply
Venous drainage usually mirrors colonic arterial supply, with the inferior mesenteric vein draining into the splenic vein, and the superior mesenteric vein joining the splenic vein to form the hepatic portal vein that then enters the liver.
Large intestine | Blood supply
Because the physis has yet to close, the blood supply to the epiphysis still should be derived from the femoral neck; however, this late in childhood, the supply is tenuous and frequently lost after the fracture occurs. Manipulation of the fracture frequently results in osteonecrosis and the acute loss of articular cartilage (chondrolysis) because of the tenuous nature of the blood supply.
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis | Pathophysiology
Complications include common ureteral narrowing (one patient); subsequent kidney removal, or nephrectomy (one patient); recurrence of disease with ureteral obstruction (one patient); and disease progression in a case of inflammation of blood vessels, or vasulitis (one patient). One patient died of sepsis (infection in the bloodstream) due to urine leakage at the anastomosis, one died after a heart attack, and three died from metastasis of their primary cancer.
Ureterostomy | Morbidity and mortality rates
Rate of blood flow varies greatly between different organs. Liver has the most abundant blood supply with an approximate flow of 1350 ml/min. Kidney and brain are the second and the third most supplied organs, with 1100 ml/min and ~700 ml/min, respectively. Relative rates of blood flow per 100 g of tissue are different, with kidney, adrenal gland and thyroid being the first, second and third most supplied tissues, respectively.
Blood | Rate of blood flow
Urogenital tuberculosis may cause strictures of the ureter, which, however, may heal when infection is treated.
Urogenital tuberculosis | Complications
The hand is normally supplied by blood from both the ulnar and radial arteries. The arteries join in the hand. Thus, if the blood supply from one of the arteries is cut off, the other artery can supply adequate blood to the hand. A minority of people lack this dual blood supply.
Allen's test | Anatomical basis
The inferior and superior epigastric arteries supply blood to this muscle.
Pyramidalis muscle | Blood supply
The superior vesical artery supplies numerous branches to the upper part of the bladder. This artery often also gives branches to the vas deferens and can provide minor collateral circulation for the testicles.
Superior vesical artery | Introduction
It is from these ganglia that many of the gastric plexuses arise.
Human digestive system | Nerve supply
In humans, the eyelids are supplied with blood by two arches on each upper and lower lid. The arches are formed by anastomoses of the lateral palpebral arteries and medial palpebral arteries, branching off from the lacrimal artery and ophthalmic artery, respectively.
Eyelid | Blood supply
It was also suggested that the appearance of blood within urine could indicate vessels of the kidney to have burst, potentially due to necrosis of blood arteries or vessels. Furthermore, doctors noted that if bubbles formed on top of urine, the kidneys were diseased and showed the potential of long-lasting disease.
Hippocratic Corpus | Detecting Bladder Disease/Stones
In addition to swollen lymph nodes, called lymphadenitis, the person may experience mild fevers, not feel like eating, or lose weight.
Tuberculous lymphadenitis | Symptoms
There is a blood bank at EFSTH, but blood is often in short supply and patients' relatives are often required to donate their own blood. This can result in delays to emergency blood transfusion services.
Edward Francis Small Teaching Hospital | Blood
Despite these many differences, there doesn’t appear to be any advantage to how many sinoatrial nodal arteries an individual has, or where they originate
Sinoatrial node | Blood supply
From this can a tube extends which is inserted in the rectum of the patient to whom the proctoclysis is administered. It was necessary to keep the solution hot in order that it would have a body temperature after dropping through the tube and entering the body. ... It was not unusual for the vessel holding the water to be fastened to the standard by gauze, string, or other bandage, although a part of the vessels were equipped with chains."
Murphy drip | Set up
A functional disorder of the spleen or kidneys would lead to qi stagnation and blood stasis.
Blood stasis | Introduction
Peritoneal and thoracic cavities contains a great quantity of fluids, as does the pericardial sac. The liver is sometimes swollen with perihepatitis. There appear a great number of necrotic foci, 3 to 4 mm diameter, which extend deeply in the organ. Hepatic lymph nodes are enlarged. The gallbladder is full. Subcutaneous tissues are full of cyanotic venous blood. They may darken the hide, hence the name "black disease".
Infectious necrotic hepatitis | Post-mortem lesions
The ureters are tubes made of smooth muscle that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. In the human adult, the ureters are usually long and around in diameter. The ureter is lined by urothelial cells, a type of transitional epithelium, and has an additional smooth muscle layer in third closest to the bladder that assists with peristalsis. The ureters can be affected by a number of diseases; including urinary tract infections and kidney stone. is when a ureter is narrowed, due to for example chronic inflammation. Congenital abnormalities that affect the ureters can include the development of two ureters on the same side, or abnormally placed ureters.
Ureter | Introduction
The blood supply is important for planning free tissue transfer because the fibula is commonly used to reconstruct the mandible. The shaft is supplied in its middle third by a large nutrient vessel from the fibular artery. It is also perfused from its periosteum which receives many small branches from the fibular artery. The proximal head and the epiphysis are supplied by a branch of the anterior tibial artery. In harvesting the bone the middle third is always taken and the ends preserved (4 cm proximally and 6 cm distally)
Fibula | Blood supply
Blood is supplied to the hyoid bone via the lingual artery, which runs down from the tongue to the greater horns of the bone. The suprahyoid branch of the lingual artery runs along the upper border of the hyoid bone and supplies blood to the attached muscles.
Hyoid bone | Blood supply
A pelvic fracture can cause the urethra to separate, leading to a variable length of scar that can severely hamper the ability to urinate normally. The urethra is a tubular conduit that transports urine out of the bladder. The bulbar urethra is a segment of the male urethra that is in between the penile urethra and the membrano-prostatic urethra that typically has a robust blood supply. This blood supply includes antegrade flow from the paired bulbar arteries and circumflex arteries, and retrograde flow from the paired dorsal arteries of the penis.
Bulbar urethral necrosis | Description
The artery of the second arch is the second aortic arch, which gives origin to the stapedial artery in some mammals but atrophies in humans.
Pharyngeal arch | Blood supply
The larger cranial bulb prevents distal migration, while the longer narrow section maintains the increased diameter of a predilated stricture in the ureter section.
Ureteric balloon catheter | Introduction
http://www.public.asu.edu/~mesmith9/1-CompleteSet/MES-78-ShaftTombs.pdf
Shaft and chamber tomb | Sources
The complication rate associated with ureterostomy procedures is less than 5–10%. Risks during surgery include heart problems, pulmonary (lung) complications, development of blood clots (thrombosis), blocking of arteries (embolism), and injury to adjacent structures, such as bowel or vascular entities. Inadequate ureteral length may also be encountered, leading to ureteral kinking and subsequent obstruction. If plastic tubes need inserting, their malposition can lead to obstruction and eventual breakdown of the opening (anastomosis). Anastomotic leak is the most frequently encountered complication. Normal results for a ureterostomy include the successful diversion of the urine pathway away from the bladder, and a tension-free, watertight opening to the abdomen that prevents urinary leakage.
Ureterostomy | Risks
The needle protrudes through the end of the tube holder, and has a needle on each end. After first cleaning the venipuncture site and applying a tourniquet, the phlebotomist uncaps the needle attached to the tube holder, inserts the needle into the vein, then slides evacuated tubes into the tube holder, where the tube's stopper is pierced by the back end of the needle. The vacuum in the tube then automatically draws the needed blood directly from the vein. Multiple vacuum tubes can be attached to and removed in turn from a single needle, allowing multiple samples to be obtained from a single procedure.
Venipuncture | With evacuated or vacuum tubes
- 6DJ8 tube data at DuncanAmps.
6DJ8 | References
Blood in the urine after abdominal trauma suggests a urinary tract injury. Renal injuries are suggested by lower rib fractures. Bladder and urethral injuries are suggested by pelvic fractures.
Genitourinary tract injury | Hematuria in Patients Presenting After Trauma
The bladder receives both sensory and motor supply from sympathetic and the parasympathetic nervous systems. The motor supply from both sympathetic fibers, most of which arise from the superior and inferior hypogastric plexuses and nerves, and from parasympathetic fibers, which come from the pelvic splanchnic nerves. Sensation from the bladder, relating to distension or to irritation (such as by infection or a stone) is transmitted primarily through the parasympathetic nervous system. These travel via sacral nerves to S2-4. From here, sensation travels to the brain via the dorsal columns in the spinal cord.
Urinary bladder | Nerve supply
These include ventilators, infusion pumps, surgical and dental instruments, imaging and beds.
Power supply | Medical
He had imperforated anus, hypospadias, bifid scrotum, meatuses on both glandes, two bladders and two colons, and had typical testes, kidneys and ureters. (Refer Figure 3.)
Diphallia | Notable clinical cases
Other arteries which are present but play a smaller role include branches of the middle meningeal artery, ascending pharyngeal artery, internal carotid artery, and the artery of the pterygoid canal.
Ear | Blood supply
Afferent nerves supplying the uterus are T11 and T12. Sympathetic supply is from the hypogastric plexus and the ovarian plexus. Parasympathetic supply is from the S2, S3 and S4 nerves.
Uterus | Nerve supply
The tibia is supplied with blood from two sources: A nutrient artery, as the main source, and periosteal vessels derived from the anterior tibial artery.
Tibia | Blood supply