"Fight Club" was one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the 1990s. The film was perceived as the forerunner of a new mood in American political life. Like other 1999 films "Magnolia", "Being John Malkovich", and "Three Kings", "Fight Club" was recognized as an innovator in cinematic form and style since it exploited new developments in filmmaking technology. After "Fight Club"s theatrical release, it became more popular via word of mouth, and the positive reception of the DVD established it as a cult film that David Ansen of "Newsweek" conjectured would enjoy "perennial" fame. The film's success also heightened Palahniuk's profile to global renown.
Cultural impact
Fight Club
Fight Club | Cultural impact
The film was perceived as the forerunner of a new mood in American political life In September 2015, two employees at Lightbridge Academy, a New Jersey daycare center, were charged with instigating "Fight Club–style" brawls between children aged four to six years of age. The film was perceived as the forerunner of a new mood in American political life. Following "Fight Club"s release, several fight clubs were reported to have started in the United States.
who is 30 seconds to mars touring with
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Muse and PVRIS
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who are the members of the band?
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Jared Leto and Shannon Leto
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which was their first ever album?
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"30 Seconds to Mars"
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has the first band member also been in any movies?
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Yes, "How to Make an American Quilt" ,  "Fight Club" , "The Thin Red Line",  "Urban Legend"  are some of the movies
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what is his political stance?
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He supported Senator Barack Obama of Illinois during presidential election
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is the singer/actor also a businessman?
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Yes, he launched the social media management and digital marketing company and also launched the online platform
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what is the company called?
user
The Hive
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what is the story of this actor's second movie mentioned above?
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The unnamed Narrator is an automobile recall specialist who is unfulfilled by his job and possessions and suffers from chronic insomnia. He finds catharsis by attending support groups and posing as a sufferer of several diseases, curing his insomni
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who were the other actors in this movie?
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Brad Pitt, Edward Norton, Helena Bonham Carter , etc.
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for which scenes or characters were special effects used?
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"The Game" scenes
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in what way has it impacted popular culture?
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The game was a critical and commercial failure, and was panned by such publications and websites as GameSpot, "Game Informer", and IGN.
Fight Club | Cultural impact
The film was suspected of influencing Luke Helder, a college student who planted pipe bombs in mailboxes in 2002. Helder's goal was to create a smiley pattern on the map of the United States, similar to the scene in "Fight Club" in which a building is vandalized to have a smiley on its exterior. On July 16, 2009, a 17-year-old who had formed his own fight club in Manhattan was charged with detonating a homemade bomb outside a Starbucks Coffee shop in the Upper East Side. The New York City Police Department reported the suspect was trying to emulate "Project Mayhem".
Fight Club | Cultural impact
"Fight Club" was one of the most controversial and talked-about films of the 1990s. The film was perceived as the forerunner of a new mood in American political life. Like other 1999 films "Magnolia", "Being John Malkovich", and "Three Kings", "Fight Club" was recognized as an innovator in cinematic form and style since it exploited new developments in filmmaking technology. After "Fight Club"s theatrical release, it became more popular via word of mouth, and the positive reception of the DVD established it as a cult film that David Ansen of "Newsweek" conjectured would enjoy "perennial" fame. The film's success also heightened Palahniuk's profile to global renown.
Fight Club | Cultural impact
In September 2015, two employees at Lightbridge Academy, a New Jersey daycare center, were charged with instigating "Fight Club–style" brawls between children aged four to six years of age. The fights were reportedly filmed and uploaded to Snapchat, and involved approximately a "dozen boys and girls". In the videos, one of the perpetrators, Erica Kenny, can be heard making references to "Fight Club". The charges stem from an incident that occurred on August 13, 2015, but investigators are looking into whether the fights were ongoing. A "Fight Club" video game was released by Vivendi in 2004 for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, and for mobile phones.
Fight Club | Cultural impact
"la Repubblica"s Marina Amaduzzi attributed the popularity of "Winx"-inspired fashion to fans' desire to emulate the characters, stating that "Winx fanatics dress, move and breathe like their heroines".
Winx Club | Cultural impact
They felt such scenes served only as a mindless glamorization of brutality, a morally irresponsible portrayal, which they feared might encourage impressionable young male viewers to set up their own real-life fight clubs in order to beat each other senseless."
Fight Club | Critical reception
On the other hand, Fincher also ensured that scenes were not so strongly lit so the characters' eyes were less visible, citing cinematographer Gordon Willis' technique as the influence.
Fight Club | Cinematography
Following "Fight Club"s release, several fight clubs were reported to have started in the United States. A "Gentleman's Fight Club" was started in Menlo Park, California in 2000 and had members mostly from the tech industry. Teens and preteens in Texas, New Jersey, Washington state, and Alaska also initiated fight clubs and posted videos of their fights online, leading authorities to break up the clubs. In 2006, an unwilling participant from a local high school was injured at a fight club in Arlington, Texas, and the DVD sales of the fight led to the arrest of six teenagers. An unsanctioned fight club was also started at Princeton University, where matches were held on campus.
Fight Club | Cultural impact
"The Guardian" saw it as an omen for change in American political life, and described its visual style as ground-breaking. The film later found commercial success with its DVD release, establishing "Fight Club" as a cult classic and causing media to revisit the film. On the tenth anniversary of the film's release, "The New York Times" dubbed it the "defining cult movie of our time."
Fight Club | Introduction
Sixteen trained stuntmen and around 200 cardboard cutouts supplemented the hundreds of extras to give the stadium its final, filled-out feel. When filming the crowd fight, producer Harry Bring later noted, "a few of [the audience] members got carried away and we had to tell them to settle down." During post-production, a split screen was used by the editors as a way to "enhanc[e] the scene" and "allo[w] the viewer to focus on various angles of action".
Fight Club (The X-Files) | Filming and effects
Paul Shapiro was tasked with directing the episode, and many of the physical effects in the episode were coordinated by Danny Weselis. Regarding the latter task, the episode contained several scenes featuring extensive stunt work, and Weselis later explained, "During the bar explosions we had a room full of stunt people showered with broken glass. And we used stunt people for much of the missionary and special agent fights." The final scene, featuring a stadium full of people attacking each other after the Templetons make an appearance, was filmed at the Grand Olympic Auditorium in Los Angeles and made use of "several hundred" extras, many of whom were solicited via internet postings and ads that had been placed in "selected publications".
Fight Club (The X-Files) | Filming and effects
The final scene of the demolition of the credit card office buildings was designed by Richard Baily of Image Savant; Baily worked on the scene for over fourteen months.
Fight Club | Visual effects
The film's massive popularity made it a major source for the Soviet and post-Soviet popular culture.
The Meeting Place Cannot Be Changed | Cultural impact
Its central theme of male machismo (and the anti-social behaviour that flows from it) is emphatically rejected by the central character in the concluding reels." The scenes were restored in a two-disc DVD edition released in the UK in March 2007.
Fight Club | Theatrical run
The 1999 American film "Fight Club", directed by David Fincher, presents social commentary about consumerist culture, especially the feminization of American culture and its effects on masculinity. The film has been the source of critical analysis. Academics Jans B. Wager describes the film as retro-noir, while Keith Gandal defines it as a "slumming trauma". Cultural critics Henry Giroux and Imre Szeman assert that "Fight Club" focuses too much on consumerist culture as society's problem. Academic Robert von Dassanowsky describes "Fight Club" as an examination of European fascism.
Interpretations of Fight Club | Introduction
The gender mix of audiences for "Fight Club", argued to be "the ultimate anti-date flick", was 61% male and 39% female; 58% of audiences were below the age of 21. Despite the film's top placement, its opening gross fell short of the studio's expectations. Over the second weekend, "Fight Club" dropped 42.6% in revenue, earning . In its original theatrical run, the film grossed in the United States and Canada, and in other territories, for a worldwide total of . (With subsequent re-releases, the film's worldwide gross increased to .) The underwhelming North American performance of "Fight Club" soured the relationship between 20th Century Fox's studio head Bill Mechanic and media executive Rupert Murdoch, which contributed to Mechanic's resignation in June 2000.
Fight Club | Theatrical run
"Fight Club" author Chuck Palahniuk was a graduate of The Landmark Forum, or "The Forum" for short, and this later influenced his work. In his review of the 1999 film adaptation of the book, Roger Ebert likened the character Tyler Durden to Werner Erhard. Ebert wrote that Tyler Durden was: ".a bully--Werner Erhard plus S & M, a leather club operator without the decor." "Fight Club" film producer Ross Grayson Bell believes that his "creative synchronicity" with writer Palahniuk was due to their shared experience of attending The Forum.
EST and The Forum in popular culture | 1990s
Its influence as a popular culture icon was and is still seen decades after appearing. Examples of this includes the episode "The One With All The Thanksgivings" from the American sitcom "Friends". Flashback scenes from the 1980s in this episode shows the characters Ross and Chandler in pastel colored suits with rolled up sleeves like that of Sonny Crockett. Another example would be the film "Boogie Nights," which takes place in the 1970s. The movie progresses into the 1980s and closes with Mark Wahlberg wearing a white linen jacket, sleeves rolled up, and a bright pink shirt tucked into white linen pants.
Miami Vice | Impact on popular culture
He said, "Most of the [cast and crew] were very happy about it because, at the time, it was a very revolutionary movie [...] They were introducing a lot of great special effects that hadn't been done before, and they had these really talented actors, and it was a project they were proud to work on. [...] Giving them a chance to talk about everything they did, it really helped them to share what they contributed and what they felt was important to the industry." The film returned to theaters through fan efforts in 2012, and in 2013 for the 20th anniversary.
Super Mario Bros. (film) | Cultural impact
His legacy was the enormous change in wrestling personas he inspired. Before him, wrestlers imitated "ethnic terrors" (Nazis, Arabs, etc.), but his success birthed a more individualistic and narcissistic form of character. He was also among the first to use entrance music. Television changed the on-screen product in many other ways as well. Originally, the impact of television was not well planned for during this period. Promotional spots, which are now used as pre-match rants by wrestlers to warm up the crowds, were often used for simple greetings and welcomes to the local crowds, missing in-ring personality boosts and character skits during this period.
Professional wrestling in the United States | Gimmick characters
Many fighting game characters from the 1990s that have been directly inspired by Chun-Li in terms of both graphics and gameplay include Li Xiang Fei in "", Liu Feilin in "Fighter's History", and Sekka in "". Similarities with Chun-Li were further observed in various other characters, such as the move sets of Jamm in "" and Miyabi in "Raging Fighter", or the looks of Mei Mei in unreleased "Mission: Deadly Skies." Her success furthermore directly contributed to the creation of such characters (besides "Street Fighter"'s own Cammy) as Mai Shiranui or "Mortal Kombat"'s Sonya Blade, followed by Kitana and Mileena; popular fighting characters that resemble Chun-Li include Lei Fang ("Dead or Alive"), Ling Xiaoyu ("Tekken"), and Pai Chan ("Virtua Fighter").
Chun-Li | Cultural impact
When "Fight Club" premiered at the 56th Venice International Film Festival, the film was fiercely debated by critics. A newspaper reported, "Many loved and hated it in equal measures." Some critics expressed concern that the film would incite copycat behavior, such as that seen after "A Clockwork Orange" debuted in Britain nearly three decades previously. Upon the film's theatrical release, "The Times" reported the reaction: "It touched a nerve in the male psyche that was debated in newspapers across the world." Although the film's makers called "Fight Club" "an accurate portrayal of men in the 1990s," some critics called it "irresponsible and appalling".
Fight Club | Critical reception
The "Rambo" film series also introduced and popularized the concept of the "One Man Army" in films, in which a protagonist is a well trained individual who can defeat countless enemies by himself. Rambo's weapons also became part of American pop culture. Weapons such as the M60 machine gun and the bow became synonymous with the character. But it was his signature weapon, the survival knife that became popular, which led to an increase in knife sales during the 1980s.
John Rambo | Cultural impact
In an article about a "fight club" in Menlo Park, California, Messner remarked that men involved in them "often carry bottled-up violent impulses learned in childhood from video games, cartoons and movies. [...] Boys have these warrior fantasies picked up from popular culture, and schools sort of force that out of them." In these fantasies: "The good guys always resort to violence, and they always get the glory and the women."
Michael Messner | Comments regarding "fight clubs"
You can see "Fight Club" once and pretty much get the picture, but it will take years of scholarly binge-watching to answer the questions "Mr. Robot" raises." In an interview, Esmail explains how playing the song that David Fincher used to underscore the climax of "Fight Club" ("Where Is My Mind?") when Elliot initiates the hack in episode nine is intended as a message to the audience that he is aware of the inspiration they took from the film. The narration by the protagonist was influenced by "Taxi Driver", and other influences mentioned included "Risky Business" for its music score, "Blade Runner" for the character development, and the television series "Breaking Bad" for the story arc.
Mr. Robot | Influences
The film was ranked #18 on "Entertainment Weekly" magazine's "The Cult 25: The Essential Left-Field Movie Hits Since '83" list. Rotten Tomatoes ranked the fight scene between Roddy Piper's character, Nada, and Keith David's character, Frank Armitage, seventh on their list of "The 20 Greatest Fights Scenes Ever". The fight scene influenced "The Wrestler", whose director, Darren Aronofsky, interpreted the scene as a spoof. Shepard Fairey credits the film as a major source of inspiration, sharing a similar logo to his "Andre the Giant Has a Posse" campaign. ""They Live" was…the basis for my use of the word 'obey'," Fairey said.
They Live | Legacy
Ebert later acknowledged that the film was "beloved by most, not by me". He was later requested to have a shot-by-shot analysis of "Fight Club" at the Conference on World Affairs; he stated that "[s]eeing it over the course of a week, I admired its skill even more, and its thought even less." Jay Carr of "The Boston Globe" opined that the film began with an "invigoratingly nervy and imaginative buzz", but that it eventually became "explosively silly". "Newsweek"s David Ansen described "Fight Club" as "an outrageous mixture of brilliant technique, puerile philosophizing, trenchant satire and sensory overload" and thought that the ending was too pretentious.
Fight Club | Critical reception
"Fight Club" first aired in the United States on May 7, 2000. This episode earned a Nielsen rating of 6.9, with an 11 share, meaning that roughly 6.9 percent of all television-equipped households, and 11 percent of households watching television, were tuned in to the episode. It was viewed by 11.70 million viewers. The episode aired in the United Kingdom and Ireland on Sky1 on July 30, 2000, and received 0.67 million viewers, making it the third most watched episode that week. Fox promoted the episode with the tagline "They say everyone has a double out there somewhere." Critical reception to "Fight Club" was largely negative.
Fight Club (The X-Files) | Broadcast and reception
These fights are a representation of the struggle of the proletarian at the hands of a higher capitalist power; by asserting himself as capable of having the same power he thus becomes his own master. Later when fight club is formed, the participants are all dressed and groomed similarly, allowing them to symbolically fight themselves at the club and gain the same power. In an interview with "HuffPost", Palahniuk says that "the central message of "Fight Club" was always about the empowerment of the individual through small, escalating challenges."
Chuck Palahniuk | Themes
The filmmakers used heavily desaturated colors in the costuming, makeup, and art direction. Bonham Carter wore opalescent makeup to portray her romantic nihilistic character with a "smack-fiend patina". Fincher and Cronenweth drew influences from the 1973 film "American Graffiti", which applied a mundane look to nighttime exteriors while simultaneously including a variety of colors. The crew took advantage of both natural and practical light. Fincher sought various approaches to the lighting setups; for example, he chose several urban locations for the city lights' effects on the shots' backgrounds. The crew also embraced fluorescent lighting at other practical locations to maintain an element of reality and to light the prostheses depicting the characters' injuries.
Fight Club | Cinematography
The game follows the standard formula of fighting-genre games such as "Street Fighter II" and "Tekken 4". In a side-view, players control one of two characters who perform various fighting moves until one is beaten. "Fight Club" structures the formula around the premise of the movie, where two men meet secretly to fight each other into submission. In the game, players play as one of the 10+ original characters such as fighters from the novel and movie including Tyler Durden and Bob Paulson. The game tries to capture the gritty feel of the movie with injuries inflicted on players and blood splattering everywhere, including onto the screen.
Fight Club (video game) | Gameplay
The final production budget was $63 million. The fight scenes were heavily choreographed, but the actors were required to "go full out" to capture realistic effects such as having the wind knocked out of them. Makeup artist Julie Pearce, who had worked for Fincher on the 1997 film "The Game", studied mixed martial arts and pay-per-view boxing to portray the fighters accurately. She designed an extra's ear to have cartilage missing, inspired by the boxing match in which Mike Tyson bit off part of Evander Holyfield's ear. Makeup artists devised two methods to create sweat on cue: spraying mineral water over a coat of Vaseline, and using the unadulterated water for "wet sweat".
Fight Club | Filming
Richard Schickel of "Time" described the mise en scène as dark and damp: "It enforces the contrast between the sterilities of his characters' aboveground life and their underground one. Water, even when it's polluted, is the source of life; blood, even when it's carelessly spilled, is the symbol of life being fully lived. To put his point simply: it's better to be wet than dry." Schickel applauded the performances of Pitt and Norton, but criticized the "conventionally gimmicky" unfolding and the failure to make Bonham Carter's character interesting. "Cineaste"s Gary Crowdus reviewed the critical reception in retrospect: "Many critics praised "Fight Club", hailing it as one of the most exciting, original, and thought-provoking films of the year." He wrote of the negative opinion, "While "Fight Club" had numerous critical champions, the film's critical attackers were far more vocal, a negative chorus which became hysterical about what they felt to be the excessively graphic scenes of fisticuffs ...
Fight Club | Critical reception
These poor results were rationalized with the in-universe explanations that drag coefficient plays no role in space travel, and that Star Wars fighters can use repulsorlifts and deflector shields to give themselves better flight profiles.
TIE fighter | Cultural impact
While punched cards have not been widely used for a generation, the impact was so great for most of the 20th century that they still appear from time to time in popular culture. For example: metaphor... symbol of the "system"—first the registration system and then bureaucratic systems more generally ... a symbol of alienation ... Punched cards were the symbol of information machines, and so they became the symbolic point of attack. Punched cards, used for class registration, were first and foremost a symbol of uniformity. ... A student might feel "he is one of out of 27,500 IBM cards" ...
Punched card | Cultural impact
The exterior of Tyler Durden's house was built in Wilmington, California, while the interior was built on a sound stage at the studio's location. The interior was given a decayed look to illustrate the deconstructed world of the characters. Marla Singer's apartment was based on photographs of apartments in downtown LA. Overall, production included 300 scenes, 200 locations, and complex special effects. Fincher compared "Fight Club" to his subsequent, less complex film "Panic Room": "I felt like I was spending all my time watching trucks being loaded and unloaded so I could shoot three lines of dialogue. There was far too much transportation going on."
Fight Club | Filming
Having Chun Li getting her spine ripped out, or Ryu's head bouncing off the floor...it doesn't necessarily match." In 2014, martial artist Frankie Edgar opined "Mortal Kombat" has been far superior to "Street Fighter". The series and its characters are also referenced in the various other works of popular culture, such as in the title of Powerglove's debut album "Metal Kombat for the Mortal Man" and the "Workaholics" episode "Model Kombat". According to "Complex" in 2012, "Years ago, "MK" became a phenomenon far outside gaming circles alone. Its name has become recognizable enough to be name dropped on sitcoms ("Malcolm in the Middle" and "Married...
Mortal Kombat | Legacy and cultural impact
The film, especially with its DVD releases, drew a large global cult following and became a cultural phenomenon. Quentin Tarantino considers "Battle Royale" to be one of the most influential films in recent decades. The film has been highly influential in global popular culture, inspiring numerous works of fiction in a number of different media across the world. Since the film's release, the term "battle royale" has been redefined to refer to a fictional narrative genre and/or mode of entertainment inspired by the film, where a select group of people are instructed to kill each off until there is a triumphant survivor.
Battle Royale (film) | Popular culture
The game tries to introduce many new features into the fighting game genre. There is a Hardcore mode, where injuries are carried over from one fight to another, which could lead to the player being so injured that he is forced into retirement. The game also goes into a mode showing X-rays of the character to show bones being broken. The fighting moves are intended to be brutally violent, such as one where the opponent's arm is visibly broken at the elbow. The levels are also designed around scenes from the movie, such as Lou's bar and Paper Street. There is a story mode, built around an original character—named only Hero—who joins Fight Club after breaking up with his girlfriend.
Fight Club (video game) | Gameplay
He developed the script with Uhls and sought screenwriting advice from the cast and others in the film industry. He and the cast compared the film to "Rebel Without a Cause" (1955) and "The Graduate" (1967), with a theme of conflict between Generation X and the value system of advertising. Studio executives did not like the film, and they restructured Fincher's intended marketing campaign to try to reduce anticipated losses. "Fight Club" failed to meet the studio's expectations at the box office, and received polarized reactions from critics. It was cited as one of the most controversial and talked-about films of 1999.
Fight Club | Introduction
He instead charmed the theatre audience with his final comment: "For our last number ['Twist and Shout'], I'd like to ask your help. The people in the cheaper seats, clap your hands. And the rest of you, if you'd just rattle your jewellery."
Cultural impact of the Beatles | Sociocultural influence
Despite widespread expectation that Fight Club 2 would be able to capitalize on the success of its predecessor, the book was almost universally panned by readers upon release. Negative criticism of Fight Club 2 focused on its lack of originality (exemplified by the gratuitous recycling of plot devices from both the source book and subsequent film), confusing narrative, bizarrely metaphysical and ultimately unresolved sub-plots (such as the resurrection of Robert Paulson), and Chuck Palahniuk's breaking of the fourth wall.
Fight Club 2 | Reception
Kurt Sutter has stated that the inspiration for the fictional motorcycle club The Grim Bastards, portrayed by an authentic Black American MC called 1DOWNMC; featured in the television show Sons of Anarchy was loosely based on the East Bay Dragons and their relationship with the Hells Angels that surpassed racial barriers during the 1960s and 1970s.
East Bay Dragons | Cultural impact
Upon release, "Fight Club" was met with negative reception. GameRankings and Metacritic gave it a score of 40.11% and 37 out of 100 for the Xbox version, and 36.84% and 36 out of 100 for the PlayStation 2 version. The game has mostly been dismissed by fans of the novel and film as an attempt to milk the success of the story for commercial gain, and was universally panned by critics on its own merits. Critics say the game copies too much from other fighting games without bringing much new to the genre, and has repetitive fighting moves and poor animation.
Fight Club (video game) | Reception
Similarly SNK's "The King of Fighters" released in 1994 influenced youth fashion for years and at least 30 local "kung fu comics" were based on the game.
Culture of Hong Kong | Video games
"Winx Club" has been popular at fan conventions. For example, in 2012 and 2013, the series had a large presence at Nickelodeon's San Diego Comic-Con booth, where exclusive collectibles were raffled off to fans. In 2015, a four-day "Winx Club" fan gathering in Jesolo counted 100,000 attendees. In October 2018, an exhibition for the series' fifteenth anniversary was held at Europe's largest comics festival, the Lucca Comics & Games convention in Tuscany. Federico Vercellino of "Il Sole 24 Ore" described the series as "an Italian cultural enterprise—the largest since the days of Salgari". He credited the show with opening up Italian media to feminist stories about rebellious female characters, calling it a "phenomenon capable of building today's popular culture".
Winx Club | Cultural impact
One of Ryu's quotes from "Street Fighter II" is, "You must defeat Sheng Long to stand a chance." The quote caused a controversy among gamers, who wondered whether there was actually a character named Sheng Long. Although the quote was actually a mistranslation, it was exploited as an April Fools' joke various times by gaming magazines. Nevertheless, the character was referred to in the video games based on live-action films as Ryu's teacher. Moreover, the fans' request to include Sheng Long, led to Gouken's inclusion in "Street Fighter IV". Ryu's original designer, Takashi Nishiyama, revealed that "Art of Fighting"s Ryo Sakazaki was created as an homage to the original Ryu.
Ryu (Street Fighter) | Cultural impact
Fincher hired visual effects supervisor Kevin Tod Haug, who worked for him on "The Game", to create visual effects for "Fight Club". Haug assigned the visual effects artists and experts to different facilities that each addressed different types of visual effects: CG modeling, animation, compositing, and scanning. Haug explained, "We selected the best people for each aspect of the effects work, then coordinated their efforts. In this way, we never had to play to a facility's weakness." Fincher visualized the Narrator's perspective through a "mind's eye" view and structured a myopic framework for the film audiences. Fincher also used previsualized footage of challenging main-unit and visual effects shots as a problem-solving tool to avoid making mistakes during the actual filming.
Fight Club | Visual effects
Violence by fans has also affected players, including professional athletes, but this is rare. One example includes a message to Christian Vieri, apparently by an Inter Milan fan, which threatened to burn down his restaurant, criticising his attitude towards the team. There is also the notorious incident where the Colombian international player Andrés Escobar was murdered shortly after returning home from the 1994 World Cup. This was reputedly for scoring the own goal which eliminated Colombia from the competition.
Association football culture | Hooliganism
The image of the lone cowboy was replaced in these combat films by stories that emphasized group efforts and the value of individual sacrifices for a larger cause, often featuring a group of men from diverse ethnic backgrounds who were thrown together, tested on the battlefield, and molded into a dedicated fighting unit.
Gun culture in the United States | Popular culture
At two points in the novel, the Narrator claims he wants to "wipe [his] ass with the Mona Lisa"; a mechanic who joins fight club repeats this to him in one scene. This motif shows his desire for chaos, later expressed by the Narrator as an urge to "destroy something beautiful". Additionally, he mentions at one point that "Nothing is static. Even the Mona Lisa is falling apart." This is most explicitly stated in the scene the mechanic appears in: Kennett further argues that Tyler wants to use this chaos to change history so that "God's middle children" will have some historical significance, whether or not this significance results in "damnation or redemption".
Fight Club (novel) | Motifs
He said in the interview, “The Cultural Revolution was my formative experience, from the age of seven to seventeen, which of course would leave a significant impact”. His view of violence also heavily influenced the writing of the book. He mentioned that the scene where Song Fanping - one of the main characters in the novel - was being beaten to death, was influenced by his own witness of an individual being beaten to death by the head of the revolutionary committee. The background of the author and of the Cultural Revolution with violence is significant because much of what happens in the book reflects the chaos that accompanied it.
Brothers (Yu novel) | Background
John Tobias commented: "Some of the copycat products back then kind of came and went because, on the surface level, the violence will attract some attention, but if there's not much to the product behind it, you're not going to last very long." In a 2009 poll by "GamePro", 21% of voters chose "Mortal Kombat" as their favorite fighting game series, ranking it third after "Street Fighter" and "Tekken". In 2012, Capcom's "Street Fighter" producer Yoshinori Ono said he is getting a lot of requests for "Street Fighter vs. Mortal Kombat" and understands why people want it, "but it's easier said than done.
Mortal Kombat | Legacy and cultural impact
"Fight Club" is a film that "very powerfully reveals the astonishing limits of our political imagination", focusing on masculinity and centering on a "hip, stylishly violent" narrative. The critics write, "It tells us very little... about the real circumstances and causes of our discontent, which lie in a very different place than in the seeming emasculation of that social group that wields perhaps the most concentrated power the world has ever seen—urban, upper-middle class, white, male technocrats." Giroux and Szeman identify Tyler Durden as a failed icon of the revolution whose public appeal is more due to his cult personality than any "strengths of an articulated, democratic notion of political reform." Durden acts instead of thinking and thereby fails to envision democratic movements; he is described as "a holdover of early-twentieth-century fascism".
Interpretations of Fight Club | Consumerist culture
The film's title sequence is a 90-second visual effects composition that depicts the inside of the Narrator's brain at a microscopic level; the camera pulls back to the outside, starting at his fear center and following the thought processes initiated by his fear impulse. The sequence, designed in part by Fincher, was budgeted separately from the rest of the film at first, but the sequence was awarded by the studio in January 1999. Fincher hired Digital Domain and its visual effects supervisor Kevin Mack, who won an Academy Award for Visual Effects for the 1998 film "What Dreams May Come", for the sequence.
Fight Club | Visual effects
Another aspect of their presentation is the impact of the Chinese government rules and standards for entertainment events. OWE Vice President Michael Nee explained that "Typical wrestling can be a little too violent. If we try to copy the Japanese way and put that into the Chinese market, our product will be killed by the government". As a result of the cultural restrictions and in an effort to present a more "Chinese" product OWE focuses on the culture of Chinese martial arts and spreading awareness on a global scale, presenting wrestling angles, storylines and in ring characters very differently and more sedate compared to western companies such as WWE.
Oriental Wrestling Entertainment | Style and cultural influences
In May 1999, "The Onion" ran a front-page article headlined "Society for Creative Anachronism Seizes Control of Russia" featuring photos of actual SCA participants from the Barony of Jaravellir (Madison, Wisconsin). In "Number of the Beast" (1980), Robert A. Heinlein portrayed an SCA tournament where live weapons were used and the battles actually fought to the "death". The defeated combatants were either transported to an alternate reality where medical technology was advanced enough that they could be revived from any wound or transported to the alternate reality that was Valhalla. The contestants' desires were placed in sealed envelopes prior to the tournament, which were destroyed if the competitor won and obeyed if a competitor lost.
Society for Creative Anachronism | Cultural impact
Outsiders attributed the delays to the Columbine High School massacre earlier in the year. Marketing executives at Fox Searchlight Pictures faced difficulties in marketing "Fight Club" and at one point considered marketing it as an art film. They considered that the film was primarily geared toward male audiences because of its violence and believed that not even Pitt would attract female filmgoers. Research testing showed that the film appealed to teenagers. Fincher refused to let the posters and trailers focus on Pitt and encouraged the studio to hire the advertising firm Wieden+Kennedy to devise a marketing plan. The firm proposed a bar of pink soap with the title "Fight Club" embossed on it as the film's main marketing image; the proposal was considered "a bad joke" by Fox executives.
Fight Club | Marketing
Towards the end of the episode, a clown in the party wipes off his makeup and reveals himself as Zabka.
The Karate Kid | Cultural influence
Not widely known up to that time, the game skyrocketed in popularity after the broadcast.
Johnny Carson | Effect on popular culture
Although the producers thought of "Friends" as "only a TV show", psychologists investigated the cultural impact of "Friends" during the series's run. Aniston's hairstyle was nicknamed "The Rachel" and copied around the world. Joey's catchphrase, "How "you" doin'?", became a popular part of Western English slang, often used as a pick-up line or when greeting friends. The series also influenced the English language, according to a study by the University of Toronto that found that the characters used the emphasized word ""so"" to modify adjectives more often than any other intensifier. Although the preference had already made its way into the American vernacular, usage on the series may have accelerated the change.
Friends | Cultural impact
The Juliana culture represented a hedonistic youth culture which had only recently arrived in Japan. The "gyaru" subculture found its expression in high school girls and office ladies alike transforming into Juliana girls in the evening, whereas men often came to the club in business suits.
Juliana's | Cultural impact
Fincher explained: "[Tyler] can deal with the concepts of our lives in an idealistic fashion, but it doesn't have anything to do with the compromises of real life as modern man knows it. Which is: you're not really necessary to a lot of what's going on. It's built, it just needs to run now." While studio executives worried that "Fight Club" was going to be "sinister and seditious", Fincher sought to make it "funny and seditious" by including humor to temper the sinister element. Screenwriter Jim Uhls described the film as a romantic comedy, explaining: "It has to do with the characters' attitudes toward a healthy relationship, which is a lot of behavior which "seems" unhealthy and harsh to each other, but in fact does work for them—because both characters are out on the edge psychologically." The Narrator seeks intimacy, but avoids it with Marla Singer, seeing too much of himself in her.
Fight Club | Themes
In 2019 a scientific work concluded that Ryu would have to move at almost through the air to perform a Tatsumaki Senpukyaku.
Ryu (Street Fighter) | Cultural impact
The "Nintendo Power" 20th anniversary retrospective issue states that the fact that the film was maderegardless of qualityshows how much the game series had impacted popular culture.
Super Mario Bros. (film) | Cultural impact
Andrew Tigani of Screen Rant said this showed "how impactful the film has already become to pop culture. It is also a testament to how valuable fan interaction can be via social media". A popular fan theory regarding Thanos' defeat in "Avengers: Endgame" before the film's release claimed that Thanos would be killed by Ant-Man entering his anus and then expanding himself, blowing off Thanos' body. Several internet memes were created by this. After the film was released and proved it wrong, Christopher Markus revealed that due to the strong nature of the Titans, Ant-Man would have been unable to expand himself and get simply crushed against the walls of Thanos' rectum.
Thanos (Marvel Cinematic Universe) | Cultural impact
Some 1960s students at Berkeley wore buttons saying: "Do not fold, spindle or mutilate. I am a student". The motto was also used for a 1970 book by Doris Miles Disney with a plot based around an early computer dating service and a 1971 made-for-TV movie based on that book, and a similarly titled 1967 Canadian short film, "Do Not Fold, Staple, Spindle or Mutilate".
Punched card | Cultural impact
A dummy was used against a green screen and the head was detonated at the point when the object was about to impact the body. Throughout the film, over seventy gunfight shots were digitally augmented; Briscoe's rationale for adding the additional effects was that "The town square shootout, for example, is full of extra little hits scattered throughout, so that it feels like our hero characters really do have it all going off, all around them. It was a great demonstration of [how] seemingly very trivial enhancements can make a difference when combined across a sequence."
Hot Fuzz | Effects
The dinosaur-themed rock act Majungas credits the inspiration behind their band name and self-titled song "Majunga" to the episode "Cannibal Dinosaur", which features "Majungasaurus".
Jurassic Fight Club | Popular culture
In 2007, the film was selected by the United States Library of Congress to be preserved in the National Film Registry for being culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant. Ronald Reagan was also a fan. When he first saw the joke about Doc Brown's incredulous response to Reagan becoming president, he ordered the projectionist of the theater to stop the reel, roll it back, and run it again. At his 1986 State of the Union Address , he referenced the film to appeal to America's young voters. He said "Never has there been a more exciting time to be alive, a time of rousing wonder and heroic achievement.
Back to the Future | Cultural impact
Filming concluded in December 1998, and Fincher edited the footage in early 1999 to prepare "Fight Club" for a screening with senior executives. They did not receive the film positively and were concerned that there would not be an audience for the film. Executive producer Art Linson, who supported the film, recalled the response: "So many incidences of "Fight Club" were alarming, no group of executives could narrow them down." Nevertheless, "Fight Club" was originally slated to be released in July 1999 but was later changed to August 6, 1999. The studio further delayed the film's release, this time to autumn, citing a crowded summer schedule and a hurried post-production process.
Fight Club | Marketing
Hadouken! was also the name of a British grindie band. The diss track "Mia Khalifa" by iLOVEFRiDAY uses sound effects from "Street Fighter II", including the Capcom logo jingle and the "Fight!" announcer clip.
Street Fighter II | Popular culture
The "Star Wars" saga has had a significant impact on modern American pop culture, both the films and characters have received official parodies in numerous films and television productions. Official animated parodies: Unofficial film parodies: Film references:
Cultural impact of Star Wars | Parodies
"Mad" magazine parodied the original film under the title "Star Roars" and included a character named 'Oldie Von Moldie', a grizzled 97-year-old whose lightsaber runs on an extension cord. The Shanghai nightclub shown in the beginning of "Indiana Jones and the Temple of Doom" is called "Club Obi Wan" (Lucas wrote both the "Star Wars" and "Indiana Jones" series). A real bar/club by this name existed in the Xihai district of Beijing, China but closed in the summer of 2010. "The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!" episode "Star Koopa" (a spoof of "Star Wars") also had its own parody of Obi-Wan called 'Obi-Wan Toadi', and the live-action segment "Zenned Out Mario" featured a parody called "Obi-Wan Cannoli".
Obi-Wan Kenobi | Cultural impact
A 2019 study conducted for the "Corriere della Sera" reported that "Winx Club" was the fourth-most-popular Italian series outside of the country, with strong demand in Russia and the United States. In 2018, Giovanna Gallo of "Cosmopolitan" stated that the program's characters have become "real icons of fashion" and noted the show's popularity with cosplayers, performance artists who wear costumes and accessories to represent the show's characters. "Winx Club" costumes were the focus of a second-season episode of "The Apprentice", in which Flavio Briatore challenged the show's teams to create three "Winx" outfits intended for females 25–35 years of age, which were to be submitted to the judgment of Iginio Straffi.
Winx Club | Cultural impact
The character has influenced "Naruto" manga author Masashi Kishimoto; in order to give Sasuke Uchiha a central role in the film "", Kishimoto made him the teacher of the protagonist Boruto Uzumaki as his father, Naruto Uzumaki, was busy. This was inspired by how Piccolo starts training Gohan when Goku dies in "Dragon Ball". Piccolo's attack "Special Beam Cannon" / "Makankōsappō" became an Internet meme which started with Japanese schoolgirls photographing themselves apparently using, and being affected by, this attack in 2013. According to gaming blog "Kotaku", the trend took off after photos were posted on Japan's largest bulletin board 2channel, with photographs typically showing one person striking the ground or making a mystical gesture while others around them are photographically captured in mid-air.
Piccolo (Dragon Ball) | Cultural Impact
The awareness of the game from well-known celebrities has been considered a reason for further popularity and player growth of the game.
Fortnite Battle Royale | Impact
Sam Esmail has acknowledged several major influences on the show, such as "American Psycho", "Taxi Driver", "A Clockwork Orange", and "The Matrix". In particular, Esmail credited "Fight Club" as the inspiration for a main character who has dissociative identity disorder creating a new manifestation of his deceased father in the form of a hacker, as well as for the anti-consumerist, anti-establishment, and anti-capitalist spirit of its characters. Commentators have also noted the parallel in its plot on the erasing of consumer debt records to the film. Even so, Lauren Lawson for "GQ" remarked, ""Mr. Robot" elevates the "Fight Club" formula: the show's mindfuckery lubes us up to think about society (Elliot's and ours) in a discerning way, but it's not the main event.
Mr. Robot | Influences
The 2001 film "Kissing Jessica Stein", which was shown at the Toronto International Film Festival the day before the attacks, had to be modified before its general public release, so the filmmakers could delete the scenes that depicted the World Trade Center. Other episodes and films mentioned the attacks directly, or depicted the World Trade Center in alternate contexts. The production of some family-oriented films was also sped up due to a large demand for that genre following the attacks. Demand for horror and action films decreased, but within a short time demand returned to normal. By the first anniversary of the attacks, over sixty "memorial films" had been created.
Cultural influence of the September 11 attacks | Depictions of the World Trade Center
The character designs in "Maximum Impact" were praised by IGN, which noted that the conversion to three-dimensional modeling had "extremely vibrant" characters with "a decent amount of detail." However, they disliked the lack of blood, especially during violent attacks, saying the super moves and combos were "just not as spectactular here" as they were in previous installments. IGN sharply criticized the "terribly bad voice acting", calling it "truly piss-poor American dub work." Gamezone added that some characters still remain their unique fighting style, but complained about the lack of individualized endings, and commented that some of the attacks have less style in 3D.
List of The King of Fighters characters | Reception
Ryu also inspired the character of Akuma. The designers wanted Akuma to be based on his design rather than the other villain of "Street Fighter II", M. Bison. In 1993, Hong Kong artist Situ Jianqian used the names of Ryu, Ken and Chun-li in his comic "Supergod Z: Cyber Weapon". However, Jianqian received a warning from Capcom about the use of these names and removed them from the comic but kept the character designs of the cast which resembled these "Street Fighter" characters. While noting that Ryu was one of the most popular Japanese characters in gaming, Benjamin Wai-ming Ng from the University of Hong Kong said that in China, the cast was overshadowed by main characters from SNK's fighting series, "The King of Fighters".
Ryu (Street Fighter) | Cultural impact
The book itself is also historically influenced by Russian culture and theater, as well as European theater, prior to World War I. There are still methods that are used by modern actors and on modern stages.
Building a Character | Reception
Inspired particularly by the publication of the Malibu Comics series, during this period fans founded new clubs, websites, and fanzines active in the U.S., Canada, Brazil, and other countries. Companies began producing new branded merchandise, including clothing, toys, and costumes.
Planet of the Apes | Cultural impact and legacy
The Star Wars fandom is the community of fans of the "Star Wars" film series and other related media. The franchise has gained a notable presence on the internet thanks to the advance of social media platforms Facebook, Twitter and YouTube. On top of the many fan edits the franchise has inspired like Harmy's Despecialized Edition, there have been various memes related to specific moments in the movies themselves, like a mistranslated Chinese bootleg of "" and 'TR-8R' from "". Conversely, the polarizing reception to "" led to instances of review bombing on review aggregation websites.
Cultural impact of Star Wars | Fandom and fan films
"Fight Club" contained several scenes of intense action that necessitated the use of various stunt doubles and extras.
Fight Club (The X-Files) | Introduction
Meanwhile, Jim Halpert's (John Krasinski) flirting with Pam Beesly (Jenna Fischer) goes too far. "The Fight" was known as "Karate" and "The Dojo" by members of the cast and crew due to many of the scenes featuring the titular fight. Several of the cast members of the show, recurring and starring, had martial arts experience. The episode contained several cultural references, with many referring to popular fighting-related movies and television shows. "The Fight" received largely positive reviews from critics. The episode earned a Nielsen rating of 3.9 in the 18–49 demographic and was viewed by 7.9 million viewers.
The Fight (The Office) | Introduction
According to Kotaku's Brian Ashcraft in 2012, "Since debuting in 1994's "Darkstalkers: The Night Warriors", Morrigan Aensland has become one of gaming's most iconic characters. A fan service favorite, Morrigan continues to attract cosplayers, eager to put on succubus's revealing outfit." Already in 1996, Capcom's representatives were quoted as saying: "If we add female characters, it is very popular. Have you ever been to the show in Japan? People dress up as Morrigan or Felicia to [costume-]play the games." Helen McCarthy's 2009 book "500 Essential Anime Movies: The Ultimate Guide" cited Morrigan as an example of the popularity of the "Darkstalkers" character designs, with fans frequently cosplaying as the character at various conventions since the original game's release.
Morrigan Aensland | Cultural impact
In Christine Jorgensen's nightclub act, she sang several songs, including "I Enjoy Being a Girl", and at the end made a quick change into a Wonder Woman costume. She later recalled that Warner Communications, owners of the Wonder Woman character's copyright, demanded that she stop using the character; she did so and instead used a new character of her own invention, Superwoman, who was marked by the inclusion of a large letter "S" on her cape.
Cultural impact of Wonder Woman | In nightclubs
During events the commentary is broadcast over the public address system in the arena, helping guide the fans on whom to cheer for and so on. In Asian culture it is generally considered disrespectful for people to be loud or boo, which in turn leads to the fans either remaining quiet and politely clapping during matches, or generally cheering the action without booing any of the in-ring competitors. Most of the heels (the "bad guys") have been foreigners. OWE shows have been described as variety shows, combining martial arts exhibits by the OWE roster, musical performances from C-pop acts such as SNH48 and wrestling matches.
Oriental Wrestling Entertainment | Style and cultural influences
The cast from the original "Street Fighter III" returned. The twin brothers Yun and Yang, who had identical move sets in the previous game, were given different special moves, properties, and Super Arts in "2nd Impact", officially making them separate characters.
Street Fighter III: 2nd Impact | Characters
Among the things that endeared him to his public was his comic use of language in his films; his characters (all of which were really variations of the main "Cantinflas" persona but cast in different social roles and circumstances) would strike up a normal conversation and then complicate it to the point where no one understood what they were talking about. The Cantinflas character was particularly adept at obfuscating the conversation when he owed somebody money, was courting an attractive young woman, or was trying to talk his way out of trouble with authorities, whom he managed to humiliate without their even being able to tell.
Cantinflas | Cultural impact
After the release of the game some members of the original "Street Fighter" video game development team at Capcom moved to SNK. This is further explored in the crossover games SNK developed with the Capcom franchises where Ryu often interacts with Ryo. While in charge of developing the character Kyo Kusanagi, Yuichiro Hiraki was contemplating making Kyo completely different from Ryu. He believed Ryu was a popular character and that Kyo's characterization and design need to be in distinct contrast to be appealing to reach Ryu's level of popularity level. He explored this idea further when developing "Street Fighter V" years later.
Ryu (Street Fighter) | Cultural impact
The Mexican company Evoga had a major influence on the game due to the franchise's popularity in Latin America and often playtested the games. With "KOF XIV", SNK noted the series' popularity was still dominant in South America and China, leading to the creation of teams composed of characters from those areas.
The King of Fighters | Reception
And that’s because they completely scanned and CGIed my face onto the stunt double. So there’s a tremendous amount of work that went into the fight scenes and we did not have a lot of time to do it." She also elaborated that "On the day of, you have the set and you have the cameras, and you have to deal with special effects, because on top of everything else we had to scan my face and go through this incredible process of taking a million pictures so they were able to meld it onto Sam’s face."
Face My Enemy | Visual effects
While not initially a success with North American audiences, "Blade Runner" was popular internationally and garnered a cult following. The film's dark style and futuristic designs have served as a benchmark and its influence can be seen in many subsequent science fiction films, video games, anime, and television programs. For example, Ronald D. Moore and David Eick, the producers of the re-imagining of "Battlestar Galactica", have both cited "Blade Runner" as one of the major influences for the show. The film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry in 1993 and is frequently taught in university courses.
Blade Runner | Cultural impact
The popularity of "Street Fighter II" surprised the gaming industry, as arcade owners bought more machines to keep up with demand. "Street Fighter II" was also responsible for introducing the combo mechanic, which came about when skilled players learned that they could combine several attacks that left no time for the opponent to recover if they timed them correctly. Its success inspired a wave of other fighting games, which were initially often labeled as "clones", including popular franchises such as "Mortal Kombat" and "Killer Instinct". "Street Fighter II" also influenced Ancient's Ayano Koshiro and her brother Yuzo Koshiro when they designed the combat mechanics of Sega's beat 'em up game "Streets of Rage 2".
Street Fighter II | Impact
In January 1998, 20th Century Fox announced that Pitt and Norton had been cast. The actors prepared by taking lessons in boxing, taekwondo, grappling, and soapmaking. Pitt voluntarily visited a dentist to have pieces of his front teeth chipped off so his character would not have perfect teeth. The pieces were restored after filming concluded.
Fight Club | Casting
The British Board of Film Classification reviewed "Fight Club" for its November 12, 1999 release in the United Kingdom and removed two scenes involving "an indulgence in the excitement of beating a (defenseless) man's face into a pulp". The board assigned the film an 18 certificate, limiting the release to adult-only audiences in the UK. The BBFC did not censor any further, considering and dismissing claims that "Fight Club" contained "dangerously instructive information" and could "encourage anti-social (behavior)". The board decided, "The film as a whole is—quite clearly—critical and sharply parodic of the amateur fascism which in part it portrays.
Fight Club | Theatrical run
Recently the issue of copyright for club chants or fight songs has emerged. Clubs want to make their song legitimate and are negotiating with the original copyright holders to use the fight songs familiar to the fans, but as the legal wrangling is ongoing, the clubs have either made some changes to the songs or used the songs without license to do so. The copyright owners for the original songs have prepared class action lawsuits. Traditionally, the fight songs of each club were created without thought to the original copyright holder. The song would be altered by changing the lyrics, but this violates the author's intellectual property.
Baseball cheering culture in South Korea | Crisis
After being featured in the 1999 film "Fight Club" (in which the song plays over the final scene), the song gained an even wider audience and became iconic. "Where Is My Mind?" was voted number 29 in the "Hottest 100 of All Time" music poll conducted by Australian radio station Triple J in 2009. Over half a million votes were cast in the poll. On Tuesday, April 13, 2004, NASA used "Where Is My Mind?" to wake up the team working on the Mars rover, "Spirit", in honor of its software transplant. "Mr. Nobody", a film released in 2009 also featured the song.
Where Is My Mind? | Cultural impact