The Province of Prussia ( ; ; ) was a province of Prussia from 1829 to 1878. Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1829 from the provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, and was dissolved in 1878 when the merger was reversed. Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad, Russia) was the provincial capital.
Introduction
Province of Prussia
Province of Prussia | Introduction
Kingdom of Prussia. Prussia Germany. Prussia
the mitochrondria is the powerhouse of the cell
user
Yes.
assistant
who was the first to discover it?
user
Richard Altmann.
assistant
what exactly is it?
user
It is a semi autonomous double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
assistant
who is the above-mentioned person?
user
A German pathologist and histologist.
assistant
when did he discover this organelle mentioned above?
user
1890.
assistant
where is he from?
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Deutsch Eylau in the Province of Prussia.
assistant
where is this province located?
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It was immediately deduced who had drawn them, and complaints were made to authorities in Berlin, who were reluctant to punish the promising young official. The problem was solved by "promoting" Hoffmann to Płock in New East Prussia, the former capital of Poland (1079–1138), where administrative offices were relocated from Thorn (Toruń). He visited the place to arrange lodging, before returning to Posen where he married Mischa (Maria or Marianna Thekla Michalina Rorer, whose Polish surname was Trzcińska). They moved to Płock in August 1802.
E. T. A. Hoffmann | The provinces
', officially the ' (; ), is a in the province of , . According to the , it has a population of people.
Burauen | Introduction
King Frederick William IV of Prussia as well as the new Prussian commissioner, Karl Wilhelm von Willisen, promised a renewed autonomy status.
Province of Posen | History
He later painted several oil paintings with motifs from the region, including the one on the left.
University of Greifswald | 1815–1933: Prussia
In 1851 he became a member of the "Landtag" of the Province of Prussia, and participated in its session from 1851 to 1852 in Berlin. When the Prussian first chamber became the Prussian House of Lords, the King made him a hereditary member. In 1861 he became the grand-master of the wardrobe at court. He died in April 1874.
August Heinrich Hermann von Dönhoff | Introduction
Western Provinces: In 1822 the Rhine Province was created from the merger of the Lower Rhine and Jülich-Cleves-Berg provinces.
Provinces of Prussia | German Confederation
The Province of Westphalia () was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946.
Province of Westphalia | Introduction
The Province of Prussia ( ; ; ) was a province of Prussia from 1829 to 1878. Prussia was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1829 from the provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia, and was dissolved in 1878 when the merger was reversed. Königsberg (present-day Kaliningrad, Russia) was the provincial capital.
Province of Prussia | Introduction
By 1835 he was an associate professor of German literature. Succeeding Reinhold Bernhard Jachmann, he served on the Provincial School Board for East Prussia in 1843, and in 1848 transferred to Posen Province.
Christian Theodor Ludwig Lucas | Life
Fromm was born in Charlottenburg. He served as a Prussian Army officer during World War I.
Friedrich Fromm | Early life
Lehwaldt was born in Legitten near Labiau in the Duchy of Prussia. His mother Marie Esther came from an old Prussian family, the "Freiherrn" von der Trenck.
Hans von Lehwaldt | Origins
After the Kaiser was forced to resign, the province became part of the Free State of Prussia within the Weimar Republic.
Province of Pomerania (1815–1945) | Province of the Free State of Prussia
Schench, G. "Handbuch über den Königlich Preuβischen Hof und Staat fur das Jahr 1908". Berlin, Prussia, 1907.
Prince Eitel Friedrich of Prussia | Sources
Yet, following his Sovereign's wishes he entered into service with the Brandenburg auxiliary corps in Dutch service. Distinguishing himself in Flanders, he was wounded in action at the battle of Steenkerque 1692, and advanced to Brandenburg Lieutenant-general and Dutch Generalfeldzeugmeister. At the end of the war, he returned to East Prussia, where he had large estates, distinguishing himself in civilian service.
Ernst von Tettau | Introduction
While in New York, he published a series of advertisements: Sometime around 1764 or 1766 he retired and moved to Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. In 1769 political turmoil in Switzerland had subsided, and he returned to live beside Lake Neuchâtel until his death.
Daniel Christian Fueter | Introduction
Meckel was born in Cologne, Rhine Province, Prussia. He graduated from the Prussian Army Staff College in 1867. He was a veteran of the Franco-Prussian War, during which he was decorated with the Iron Cross.
Jakob Meckel | Biography
For this purpose, the respective Prussian minister of interior affairs appointed a High Commissioner () to each province, who fulfilled his task with the help of a Prussian government-appointed provincial council (). In 1881 the final province of the Kingdom of Prussia was established when Berlin was separated from Brandenburg.
Provinces of Prussia | German Empire
Unlike his father and his eldest brother, choosing to not abjure from his Calvinist beliefs, he left his native Béarn in France for Brandenburg-Prussia, where Frederick I of Prussia, then Elector of Brandenburg, was not only encouraging, but actively facilitating, Huguenot immigration. Little else is known about his early life.
Friedrich Wilhelm Quirin von Forcade de Biaix | Early life
He was interned at Sydney and returned to Germany.
Morobe Province | 1914–1918
The Prussian provinces had the following prefixes: I B Province of Posen-West Prussia (now Poland), I C Province of East Prussia (now divided between Lithuania, Poland and Russia), I D Province of West Prussia (now Poland), I E Province of Brandenburg (to a minor part now Poland), I H Province of Pomerania (now prevailingly Poland), I K Province of Silesia (now mostly Poland), I L Province of Hohenzollern, I M Province of Saxony, I P Province of Schleswig-Holstein, I S Province of Hannover, I T Province of Hesse-Nassau (Today Frankfurt, State of Hesse and neighbouring counties), I X Province of Westphalia, I Y Province of Posen (now Poland), and finally I Z Rhine Province (Cologne, and other large cities in the Ruhr Area).
Vehicle registration plates of Germany | History
Until 1920 Neu-Tuchel belonged to Kreis Tuchel in Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder of the Province of West Prussia.
Nowa Tuchola | History
There he built a family tomb for his parents. After his death in 1831, the tomb also became his own final resting place. In 1804/06, Frücht was made a part of the newly formed Duchy of Nassau and in 1866 to the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau. After World War II, it was part of the French occupation zone. In 1947, it became part of the newly founded state of Rhineland-Palatinate.
Frücht | History
He was born in the city of Dortmund, Province of Westphalia, Prussia on December 21, 1814, and received a common school education. While he later described himself as "by occupation a farmer", before leaving Prussia he had been superintendent of a silk factory for several years. He came to the United States in 1848 and settled in Waterloo before moving to Lake Mills in 1867.
Casper Steinfort | Background
He moved to his hometown, where he served two terms as mayor, and was elected as a deputy to the Chamber of the Grand Duchy of Hesse.
Rudolf Eickemeyer | Introduction
In 1954, upon the dissolution of the greater administrative areas, he was made the 1st governor of his home province.
Du Zheheng | Introduction
He died without leaving living descendants.
Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Plön-Rethwisch | Introduction
In 1852 he acquired an estate in Wiszniewo bei Lobau, Province of Prussia.
Hugo Erich Meyer von Klinggräff | Introduction
The official reply advised to him to write to the director of the Royal Theatre, a man named Iffland. By the time the latter responded, Hoffmann had passed his third round of examinations and had already left for Posen (Poznań) in South Prussia in the company of his old friend Hippel, with a brief stop in Dresden to show him the gallery. From June 1800 to 1803 he worked in Prussian provinces in the area of Greater Poland and Masovia. This was the first time he had lived without supervision by members of his family, and he started to become "what school principals, parsons, uncles, and aunts call dissolute." His first job, at Posen, was endangered after Carnival on Shrove Tuesday 1802, when caricatures of military officers were distributed at a ball.
E. T. A. Hoffmann | The provinces
Delbrück was born at Berlin, Province of Brandenburg. He came of a distinguished family, his father, Johann Friedrich Gottlieb Delbrück (d. 1830), having been preceptor of the two Prussian princes afterwards known as King Frederick William IV and Emperor William I. Rudolf von Delbrück studied in Halle, Bonn, and Berlin. On completing his legal studies, he entered the service of the state in 1837; and after holding a series of minor posts was transferred in 1848 to the ministry of commerce, which was to be the sphere of his real life's work. The states of the German Confederation, including Prussia and the Austrian Empire, had realized the influence of commercial upon political union.
Rudolf von Delbrück | Biography
The provinces were:
Kingdom of Prussia | Subdivisions
Frederick of Prussia may refer to the House of Hohenzollern:
Frederick of Prussia | Introduction
He was born in about 1728 in the Kingdom of Prussia near the town of Elbing in Samland. Frederick received his military training under Frederick II of Prussia at the Military Academy at Königsberg. He served in a Regiment of Dragoons in the Prussian Army during the War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748). He served six years in a cavalry unit in the army of the United Provinces of the Netherland garrisoned at Zutphen. He was commissioned a lieutenant in the Royal American Regiment of Foot also known as the 62nd (Royal American) Regiment and the Kings Royal Rifle Corps, on Feb.
Frederick, Baron de Weissenfels | Biography
Schneidemühl (present-day Piła) was the provincial capital. Today, the province is entirely contained within the modern state of Poland.
Posen-West Prussia | Introduction
The Province of Hohenzollern () or the Hohenzollern Lands () was a province of Prussia from 1850 to 1946. Hohenzollern was established in 1850 by merging Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Hohenzollern-Hechingen, formerly independent principalities ruled by the Catholic branch of the House of Hohenzollern, that ceded their sovereignty to the Kingdom of Prussia ruled by the Protestant Hohenzollern branch and used the same dynastic coat of arms. Hohenzollern enjoyed all the rights of a full-fledged province of Prussia, including representation in the Prussian parliament, but its military matters and some civil matters were governed by the Oberpräsident of Rhine Province. Hohenzollern was Prussia's smallest province until Berlin city was separated from Brandenburg in 1881, and the least-populous with the last census recording 74,151 inhabitants in 1939.
Province of Hohenzollern | Introduction
South Prussia (; ) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1793 to 1807.
South Prussia | Introduction
The northernmost part and west coast of the province saw a wave of emigration to America, while some Danes of North Schleswig emigrated to Denmark.
Schleswig-Holstein | Province of Prussia
Before its abolition, the territory of the Kingdom of Prussia included the provinces of West Prussia; East Prussia; Brandenburg; Saxony (including much of the present-day state of Saxony-Anhalt and parts of the state of Thuringia in Germany); Pomerania; Rhineland; Westphalia; Silesia (without Austrian Silesia); Schleswig-Holstein; Hanover; Hesse-Nassau; and a small detached area in the south called Hohenzollern, the ancestral home of the Prussian ruling family. The land that the Teutonic Knights occupied was flat and covered with fertile soil. The area was perfectly suited to the large-scale raising of wheat. The rise of early Prussia was based on the raising and selling of wheat.
Prussia | Territory
Below was born on the estate of Jargelin near Anklam in the Province of Pomerania. He was a member of the German aristocracy.
Nicolaus von Below | Early life
Albert of Prussia or Albert of Hohenzollern (in German, Albrecht von Hohenzollern) may refer to:
Albert of Hohenzollern | Introduction
Johannes Daniel Jakob Kriege was born in Lüdinghausen, a midsized town then in Prussia's Province of Westphalia, located between Münster to its northeast and Dortmund to its south. Starting in 1877 he studied jurisprudence at Göttingen and Strasburg, passing his stage one state law exams and obtaining a post in the Prussian legal service as a court clerk in 1880, and receiving his doctorate of law in 1881. 1881 was also the year in which he passed his second level state law exams. He entered the Prussian diplomatic service in 1886.
Johannes Kriege | Early years
Subsequently, the kingdom was lost in 1866 by his son George V of Hanover during the Austro-Prussian War when it was annexed by Prussia, and became the Prussian province of Hanover.
Duchy of Brunswick-Lüneburg | After the Congress of Vienna
Much like his cousin, King Frederick William IV of Prussia, Frederick displayed interest in the Middle Ages and the castles of Rhine Province. He acquired Fatzberg Castle, turned it into his summer residence and named it Burg Rheinstein.
Prince Frederick of Prussia (1794–1863) | Life in Düsseldorf
Around the end of the third quarter of the 19th century both places belonged to Kreis Konitz in the administrative district of Regierungsbezirk Marienwerder of the German Province of Prussia. In 1863 and 1869 the competent land-registry office was located in Tuchel. Because of population growth in Prussia, in 1875 the new Kreis Tuchel was formed, of which Neu-Tuchel became part. In 1878 the Province of Prussia was sub-divided into the Province of West Prussia and the Province of East Prussia, and since then the village belonged to West Prussia. In 1894 the county court and post office appertaining to Neu-Tuchel were located in Tuchel.
Nowa Tuchola | History
Wildenbruch was born at Beirut in Lebanon, the son of the Prussian consul-general, Ludwig von Wildenbruch, who was himself an illegitimate son of Prince Louis Ferdinand of Prussia. Having passed his early years at Athens and Constantinople, where his father was attached to the Prussian legation, he came in 1857 to the Kingdom of Prussia, received his early schooling at the Padagogium at Halle and the Französische Gymnasium in Berlin, and, after passing through the cadet school, became, in 1863, an officer in the Prussian Army. Two years later Wildenbruch abandoned his military career, but was recalled to the colors in 1866 for the Austro-Prussian War.
Ernst von Wildenbruch | Biography
Rauschning was born in Thorn, German Empire (now Toruń, Poland) to a Prussian Army officer in the province of West Prussia. He attended the Prussian Cadet Corps institute at Potsdam and in 1911, he obtained a doctorate from Berlin University. He fought in World War I as a lieutenant and was wounded in action. After the war, he settled in the area around the Free City of Danzig (now Gdańsk, Poland), where he owned land.
Hermann Rauschning | Early life
The local lore has it that he was born at a castle near Zeltingen.
Zeltingen-Rachtig | History
The Province of Halle-Merseburg () was a province of the Free State of Prussia from 1944–45. The provincial capital was the city Merseburg. Halle-Merseburg was created on 1 July 1944, out of Regierungsbezirk Merseburg, an administrative region from the former Province of Saxony. The governor of the new province was Joachim Albrecht Eggeling, the Gauleiter of the Nazi Gau Halle-Merseburg. In 1945, the Province of Halle-Merseburg was dissolved into a recreated Province of Saxony.
Halle-Merseburg | Introduction
The Rhine Province (), also known as Rhenish Prussia ("Rheinpreußen") or synonymous with the Rhineland ("Rheinland"), was the westernmost province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia, within the German Reich, from 1822 to 1946. It was created from the provinces of the Lower Rhine and Jülich-Cleves-Berg. Its capital was Koblenz and in 1939 it had 8 million inhabitants. The Province of Hohenzollern was militarily associated with the Oberpräsident of the Rhine Province. The Rhine Province was bounded on the north by the Netherlands, on the east by the Prussian provinces of Westphalia and Hesse-Nassau, and the grand duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt, on the southeast by the Palatinate (a district of the Kingdom of Bavaria), on the south and southwest by Lorraine, and on the west by Luxembourg, Belgium and the Netherlands.
Rhine Province | Introduction
The Kreis Sagan was a district of the German state Prussia from 1816 to 1932 when it was merged with Landkreis Sprottau. It was located in the Province of Silesia. Żagań (Sagan) was the principal town.
Kreis Sagan | Introduction
He was born in the rural hamlet Kaldewei, part of the village of Benninghausen, Prussia, today suburbanized into Lippstadt, Northrhine, Westphalia, Germany. His parents Caspar Eickhoff (1803–1867) and Maria Catharina Trockel (1803–1863) and their forefathers were peasants in the hamlet Kaldewei, born in serfdom to the Cistercian Cloister of Benninghausen (founded in 1240, secularized in 1804), but ultimately released from serfdom by the Grand Duke in 1809. After his school education he started to work as a teacher in Lippstadt and publicized radical writings in pre-revolutionary Prussia until 1847. In 1847 he decided to emigrate to the United States and boarded the ship Itzstein & Welcker sailing from Bremen on October 24, 1847, and arrived in New Orleans on January 6, 1848.
Anthony Eickhoff | Biography
Among the masses of emigrants from the Palatinate of Germany in the early 18th century was Hans Heinrich Raudenbusch. Born in Steinsfurt (Sinsheim) around 1712, he was the grandson of Hans Peter Raudenbusch. Hans Heinrich Raudenbusch was a founding member of the Upper Conowago Church of the Brethren, also known as Mummert's Church in Abbottstown, Pennsylvania. He sailed for America aboard the ship "Dragon" in 1732. He was deeded property near Abbottstown by the son of William Penn.
Raudenbusch | Diffusion in the United States
He was descended from a family that probably originated from Gosel in the Egerland and emigrated to Gürth (now in Bad Brambach) before 1630. He was the son of Karl Gustav von Goßler (1810–1885), the "Kanzler" (in this case, provincial justice minister) of the province East Prussia, legal advisor to the crown and President of the Oberlandesgericht in Königsberg, and Sophie von Mühler (1816–1877), who was the daughter of the Prussian Justice minister Heinrich Gottlob von Mühler (1780–1857). This marriage produced four children: the Prussian Minister of State and Oberpräsident of the province of West Prussia, Gustav (1838–1902), the Prussian Minister of War and General of the Infantry, Heinrich (1841–1927), the Prussian General of the Infantry, Konrad (1848–1933), and the Prussian Lieutenant General, Wilhelm von Goßler (1850–1928).
Heinrich von Gossler | Family
Kreis Adelnau () was a county in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen.
Kreis Adelnau | Introduction
After the Kaiser was forced to resign, the province became part of the Free State of Prussia within the Weimar Republic.
History of Pomerania (1806–1933) | Province of the Free State of Prussia
Napoleon Bonaparte founded the Kingdom of Westphalia, which was a client state of the First French Empire from 1807 to 1813. This state shared only the name with the historical region, containing mostly Hessian and Eastphalian regions and only a relatively small part of the region of Westphalia. Although Prussia had long owned territory in Westphalia, King Frederick William III had preferred to incorporate the Kingdom of Saxony first. It was not until the Congress of Vienna in 1815 that the Province of Westphalia came into being. The province was formed from several territories: In 1816, the district of Essen was transferred to the Rhine Province.
Province of Westphalia | History
Rohr" (No. 15) in Graudenz. In 1783 he was nominated as a senior minister of the parish of Schaaken, Landkreis Königsberg, East Prussia. After he had published some articles on theological and pedagogical topics, he edited since 1781 his "Litterarischen Nachrichten von Preußen" (Literary news from Prussia) which consist of two parts and which are in use still today. His most important work is the "Vollständige Topographie des Königreichs Preußen" (Complete topography of the Kingdom of Prussia) (1785 und 1789), which consist of two parts. Part I covers all departments, towns and Amtsbezirke of East Prussia, Part II covers all departments, towns and Amtsbezirke of West Prussia.
Johann Friedrich Goldbeck | Introduction
Then he emigrated to France.
Abraham Baratz | Introduction
The Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg () was a province of Prussia from 1815 to 1822. Jülich-Cleves-Berg was established in 1815 from land annexed by the Kingdom of Prussia from France and the Grand Duchy of Berg, and was dissolved in 1822 when it was merged with the Grand Duchy of the Lower Rhine to form Rhine Province. Cologne was the provincial capital.
Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg | Introduction
Upon arriving, Mittelberger worked for the German Saint Augustine's Church in New Providence, Pennsylvania. He also became a private instructor of music and tutor of the German language. Among Mittelberger's employers was Captain John Diemer, who led a British colonial expedition into Quebec against New France in 1746 to 1747. Becoming disenfranchised with the Province of Pennsylvania, he returned to his native Duchy in 1754. Over the next two years, Mittelberger finished writing "Journey to Pennsylvania", which was subsequently published in Stuttgart, with the permission of Duke Charles Eugene of Württemberg. He died in the Duchy of Württemberg in 1758.
Gottlieb Mittelberger | Life
The first ' were established in the Kingdom of Bavaria and the Kingdom of Prussia in 1808. During the course of the Prussian reforms between 1808 and 1816, Prussia subdivided its provinces into 25 ', eventually featuring 37 such districts within 12 provinces. By 1871, at the time of German unification, the concept of ' had been adopted by most States of the German Empire. Similar entities were initially established in other states under different names, including ' (district captainship) in Saxony, ' (district) in Bavaria and Württemberg (not to be confused with the present-day ' or ' districts), and "province" in Hesse.
Regierungsbezirk | History
He wrote about their origins, customs, and religion trying in order to differentiate the Prussians from the Germans.
Simon Grunau | Author bias
He subsequently served in the Prussian army under Frederick the Great, where he distinguished himself in several campaigns. He died during the Seven Years' War at the Battle of Hochkirch. He received the Black Eagle Order and is memorialised on the Equestrian statue of Frederick the Great.
James Francis Edward Keith | Introduction
Augustus Francis Fechteler, born in Paderborn, Prussia (now Germany) 1 September 1857. His family emigrated to the United States in 1865.
Augustus F. Fechteler | Born in Paderborn, Prussia
Born in Frankfurt Dönhoff descended from the East Prussian branch of the Dönhoff. His father was the diplomat and Prussian foreign minister August Heinrich Hermann von Dönhoff, his mother Pauline, "née Countess" von Lehndorff. Dönhoff grew up on the family castle Friedrichstein not far from Königsberg and attended the Kneiphof Gymnasium. After the Abitur he studied law at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. In 1865 he became a member of the Corps Borussia Bonn. As a Prussian major he took part in the Austro-Prussian War at the age of 21. From 1868 to 1870 he was an articled clerk at the Kammergericht and then served again as a major in the Franco-Prussian War.
August von Dönhoff | Life
He was born in Duisburg in North Rhine-Westphalia. He attended the Landfermann-Gymnasium. At university, he studied electrical engineering.
Friedrich Joussen | Early life
Seckendorff was born in Königsberg, Franconia, into the Seckendorff family of nobility. His father was an official of Saxe-Gotha and his nephew was Veit Ludwig von Seckendorff. He studied law in Jena, Leipzig, and Leyden.
Friedrich Heinrich von Seckendorff | Family
Delbrück was born in Bergen on the island of Rügen; he studied at the universities of Heidelberg and Bonn. As a soldier, he fought in the Franco-Prussian War and in 1874, he became for some years tutor to Prince Waldemar of Prussia (1868–1879) of the German imperial family, a brother of Wilhelm II, heir to the imperial throne. He served in the Reichstag from 1882 to 1883 and in 1883, he became an editor of the "Preussische Jahrbücher", a noted political magazine. He assumed charge of this publication in 1889 and kept working on it in that capacity until 1920.
Hans Delbrück | Biography
In May 1848 he resigned, but was made Foreign Minister of Prussia in early September 1848 in the government of Ernst von Pfuel, a position he only held for a short time however. Then in February 1849 he was elected by the second electoral district of Gumbinnen to the first chamber of the Prussian Parliament, which sent him in 1850 to Erfurt, into the "Staatenhaus" (the chamber of the Erfurt Union parliament that represented the individual states). He was once again elected a member of the Prussian first chamber in the summer of 1850, and joined the moderate right-wing "Partei Jordan".
August Heinrich Hermann von Dönhoff | Introduction
Prussian provinces were subdivided into government regions ("Regierungsbezirke"), in Posen: These regions were again subdivided into districts called "Kreise". Cities would have their own "Stadtkreis" (urban district) and the surrounding rural area would be named for the city, but referred to as a "Landkreis" (rural district). In the case of Posen, the Landkreis was split into two: Landkreis Posen West, and Landkreis Posen East. Data is from Prussian censuses, during a period of state-sponsored Germanization, and includes military garrisons. It is often criticized as being falsified. The German figure includes the German-speaking Jewish population.
Province of Posen | Divisions
Because of the French Revolution, he left the French forces in the rank of a Colonel, meanwhile titled "Freiherr von Zweibrücken", and was taken over by the Prussian Army in the rank of a Major General, where he took part in the campaigns against France during 1794 and 1797.
Christian of the Palatinate-Zweibrücken (1752–1817) | Biography
Kreis Neutomischel () was a county in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the Prussian province of Posen. It presently lies in the western part of Polish region of Greater Poland Voivodeship.
Kreis Neutomischel | Introduction
The estate of the Church was confiscated, monastic orders dissolved, and the paragraphs of the Prussian constitution assuring the freedom of the Catholics were removed. In the Province of Posen the Kulturkampf took on a much more nationalistic character than in other parts of Germany.
Germanisation of the Province of Posen | Actions of Minister Falk
Reuleaux was born in Eschweiler in Germany (at the time part of Prussia). His father and grandfather were both machine builders. His technical training was at the Karlsruhe Polytechnic School. He then studied at universities in Berlin and Bonn.
Franz Reuleaux | Early life
After the fall of the German Empire the Kingdom of Prussia was reconstituted with a republican government as the Free State of Prussia. The Free State promoted the democratisation of the provinces, the provincial parliaments (Provinziallandtage) were elected in direct elections by the voters, unlike before when elected county councillors chose from their midst members for the provincial parliaments. Prussia had to cede virtually all territory belonging to the provinces of Posen and West Prussia to the newly created state of Poland and the League of Nations mandate of the Free City of Danzig. Smaller areas had been ceded to Belgium (East Cantons, formerly Rhineland), Czechoslovakia (Hlučín Region, formerly Silesia), Denmark (Northern Schleswig, formerly Schleswig-Holstein), the League of Nations mandate of the Memel Territory (formerly East Prussia), Poland (eastern Upper Silesia, formerly Prov.
Provinces of Prussia | Weimar Republic
Weiss was born at Königsberg. After studying theology at the University of Königsberg (Albertina), Halle and Berlin, he became professor extraordinarius at Königsberg in 1852, and afterwards professor ordinarius at Kiel and Berlin. In 1880 he was made superior consistorial councillor of the Evangelical State Church of Prussia's older Provinces.
Bernhard Weiss | Biography
Hammesfahr was born in Evangelisch, Flachsberg, Wald Solingen, Rhineland, Prussia and died in Brooklyn, New York—the son of Carl Wilhelm Hammesfahr (1811–1878) and Caroline Wilhelmine Remschied (1806–1878). The Hammesfahr family is an old Solingen steel family tracing its roots back to the medieval armorer's guild.
Hermann Hammesfahr | Family origins
Beginning 14 February 1702 he fought against France as head of an infantry regiment in the War of Spanish Succession as the commander of the Prussian corps in the Netherlands. In November of that year he had to leave this post because of illness. In 1706, he was appointed Governor in Pomerania. He died at Friedrichsfelde Palace, aged 59.
Margrave Albert Frederick of Brandenburg-Schwedt | Life
Von Bruenchenhein’s regard for royal regalia points to his belief that his family “was descended from royalty from the German region of Lower Saxony.” Revealingly, in one self-portrait, he offered the words “Edward the First, Kind of Lesser Lands + Tie Cannot Touch” as a self-proclaimed caption.
Eugene Von Bruenchenhein | Ceramics
Oestreich was born in Kolberg, within the German Empire's Prussian Province of Pomerania. He studied mathematics, philosophy, pedagogy, and new languages at the universities of Berlin and Greifswald from 1896-1900.
Paul Oestreich | Early life
Brauchitsch was born in Berlin as the son of a cavalry general (Bernhard Eduard von Brauchitsch). He was raised in the tradition of the Prussian officer corps. His aristocratic Silesian family later moved into the center of high society of Berlin.
Adolf von Brauchitsch | Family
He was born at Heidesheim am Rhein, near Mainz on 20 October 1808. In 1823 he entered the gymnasium in connection with the diocesan seminary at Mainz, and after its suppression in 1829 he continued his classical studies at the state gymnasium of the same place, where he graduated in 1831. After studying philology at the University of Giessen from 1831 to 1834, he taught at the gymnasium of Darmstadt, 1835–1837, at that of Mainz, 1837–1845, was prorector at the newly founded gymnasium of Hadamar in Nassau, 1845–1846, professor at the same place, 1846–1855, director of the Catholic teachers' seminary at Montabaur, 1855–1876, and at the same time director of the Realschule at the same place, 1855–1866.
Joseph Kehrein | Biography
The town had a population of 6,333 at that time. It was part of the Prussian Province of Jülich-Cleves-Berg (1815–22) and its successor, the Rhine Province (1822–1946).
Neuss | Early modernity
The margraviate formed the core of the Brandenburg-Prussian state and the "Great Elector" Frederick William I made various accessions to the territory, the Treaty of Königsberg of 1656 marking a significant turn in its evolution. By the 1657 Treaty of Wehlau, Frederick William reached full sovereignty in his Prussian territories, which enabled his son Frederick I to assume the crown of a "King in Prussia" in 1701.
Province of Brandenburg | History
Diez was born on 2 September 1751 in Bernburg, Anhalt-Bernburg. His father, Christian Friedrich Diez, was a textile merchant from Bernburg. His mother, Maria Elisabeth Zollicoffer, was from Magdeburg, Kingdom of Prussia. His family moved from Bernburg to Magdeburg shortly after his birth. He attended school in Magdeburg before studying law in 1769. Upon finishing his education, he practiced as a junior lawyer in the Prussian judicial service and was appointed Clerk of the Court. After working in the civil service for a few years, in 1784 he asked Frederick the Great for a diplomatic position in Constantinople. The emperor granted him his request and appointed Diez as the Prussian chargé d'affaires to the Ottoman Empire.
Heinrich Friedrich von Diez | Biography
The Province of Schleswig-Holstein ( ) was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia (subsequently the Free State of Prussia after 1918) from 1868 to 1946.
Province of Schleswig-Holstein | Introduction
Hirzebruch was born in Hamm, Westphalia in 1927. His father of the same name was a math teacher. Hirzebruch studied at the University of Münster from 1945–1950, with one year at ETH Zürich.
Friedrich Hirzebruch | Education
The province's size meant it was administered as a single "Regierungsbezirk" (district) from Sigmaringen, the provincial capital, which was further subdivided into seven "Oberamtsbezirke", although only four of these remained by 1925, when they were merged and re-divided as two new "Kreise". Hohenzollern was an exclave of Prussia, surrounded by Baden and Württemberg, and was the southernmost province. Hohenzollern became a province of the Free State of Prussia in 1918 after World War I, and this system continued to exist unchanged until 1933, when all provincial functions were "de facto" suspended by Nazi Germany and provinces were placed under direct rule.
Province of Hohenzollern | Introduction
Ernst Albert Karl Wilhelm Ludwig von Bodelschwingh-Velmede (26 November 179418 May 1854) was a Prussian politician. Von Bodelschwingh-Velmede was born in Velmede near Hamm in the County of Mark. He studied Law and Cameralism at the University of Berlin and the University of Göttingen. He participated in the "Freiheitskriege" ("liberty wars"), and at Leipzig earned the Iron Cross first class; he was heavily wounded at Freiburg on 21 October 1813. He subsequently completed his studies at the University of Berlin, and in 1817 entered government service. From 1822 he was an administrator ("Landrat") of Kreis Tecklenburg in Westphalia, from 1831 president of the "Regierungsbezirk" of Trier, and from November 1834 "Oberpräsident" of the Rhine Province, in which he served during a turbulent time.
Ernst von Bodelschwingh-Velmede | Introduction
After 1850, the city of Lippstadt, which had previously belong to the Prussian-Lippish condominium, was still located in the province of Westphalia. Since the core area was the former Duchy of Westphalia, King Frederick William assumed the title of Duke of Westphalia and Angria and added it to the Prussian Royal titles.
Titles and emblems of the German Emperor after 1873 | Duke of Westphalia
Professor , who had published a transcribed version of the book in 1993, had already indicated that the language points to a Rhinelandic origin (in today's western Germany). That may contradict the designation of Zerbst in the christening entry (in today's eastern Germany) however further research revealed that the Fläming Heath was dominated by settlers from the Rhine regions at the time. The Fläming region is in the north-east of the historic Principality of Anhalt-Zerbst - the region was later amalgamated into Prussia taking over its language from the Potsdam-Berlin area. Later research had focused on the question where the book author may have gained his knowledge in writing as well as Latin.
Peter Hagendorf | After 1649
Kreis Czarnikau was one of many Kreise (counties) in the northern administrative district of Bromberg, in the Prussian province of Posen.
Kreis Czarnikau | Introduction
He was born in Berlin, the son of Prince Albert of Prussia (1809–1872) and his wife Princess Marianne (1810–1883), daughter of King William I of the Netherlands. His father was a brother of King Frederick William IV of Prussia and of William I, German Emperor. Albrecht entered the Prussian army in 1847, serving in the First Schleswig War and participating in the battles of Skalitz, Schweinschädel and Königgrätz in the Austro-Prussian War in 1866. In the Franco-Prussian War in 1870 he commanded a guard cavalry brigade at Gravelotte and Sedan. After the fall of the Second Empire, he was subordinated to Edwin von Manteuffel in the fighting around Bapaume and St.
Prince Albert of Prussia (1837–1906) | Biography
Haugwitz was born at Peucke near Oels, a member of the Silesian (Protestant) branch of the ancient family of Haugwitz, of which the Catholic branch was established in Moravia. He studied law, spent some time in Italy, returned to settle on his estates in Silesia, and in 1791 was elected general director of the province by the Silesian estates. Upon the request of King Frederick William II of Prussia he entered the Prussian civil service and became ambassador at Vienna in 1792. At the end of the same year he became a member of the cabinet at Berlin.
Christian Graf von Haugwitz | Life
Kreis Schwerin in Posen () was a county in Prussia, first in the southern administrative Region of Posen within the Prussian Province of Posen (until 1920), then within the Province of the Frontier March of Posen-West Prussia (until 1 October 1938) and at last as part of the administrative Region of Frankfurt within the Province of Brandenburg (until 1945). It presently lies in the western part of Polish region of Lubuskie Voivodeship.
Kreis Schwerin in Posen | Introduction
The Province of Prussia was created on April 13, 1824, as the easternmost province of the Kingdom of Prussia. The province was formed in a merger with the pre-existing provinces of East Prussia and West Prussia joined together in a personal union, and from December 3, 1829, in a real union. Prussia's territory roughly corresponded to the historical region of Prussia, from which the province and the kingdom derived their names, that had been divided by the Kingdom of Poland since the Second Peace of Thorn in 1466. The region was divided into Ducal Prussia, a fief of Poland, and Royal Prussia, which was an integral part of Poland under direct rule.
Province of Prussia | History
Kreis Posen Ost was a Kreis in Prussia (county) in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the province of Posen.
Kreis Posen Ost | Introduction
Kreis Posen West was a Kreis in Prussia (county) in the southern administrative district of Posen, in the province of Posen.
Kreis Posen West | Introduction
Schleicher was born in Meiningen, in the Duchy of Saxe-Meiningen, southwest of Weimar in the Thuringian Forest. He died from tuberculosis at the age of 47 in Jena, in the Duchy of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach, in present-day Thuringia.
August Schleicher | Life
The Province of Posen (, ) was a province of Prussia from 1848 to 1919. Posen was established as a province of the Kingdom of Prussia in 1848 after the Greater Poland Uprising, converted from the Grand Duchy of Posen annexed by Prussia in the Polish partitions of 1815, and became part of the German Empire in 1871. Posen was part of the Free State of Prussia within Weimar Germany in 1918, but was dissolved the following year when most of its territory was ceded to the Second Polish Republic by the Treaty of Versailles, and the remaining German territory was later re-organized into Posen-West Prussia in 1922.
Province of Posen | Introduction
Eitel was born in Württemberg, Germany. Eitel studied initially at the Theological Seminary, Schönthal. In 1860, he graduated from the University of Tübingen with Master of Arts (and Doctor of Philosophy in 1871). He was appointed vicar of the state Evangelical-Lutheran Church at Mossingen for the next 12 months.
Ernst Johann Eitel | Early life in Germany