Copepods and other zooplankton are plentiful in the North Sea. These tiny organisms are crucial elements of the food chain supporting many species of fish. Over 230 species of fish live in the North Sea. Cod, haddock, whiting, saithe, plaice, sole, mackerel, herring, pouting, sprat, and sandeel are all very common and are fished commercially. Due to the various depths of the North Sea trenches and differences in salinity, temperature, and water movement, some fish such as blue-mouth redfish and rabbitfish reside only in small areas of the North Sea. Crustaceans are also commonly found throughout the sea. Norway lobster, deep-water prawns, and brown shrimp are all commercially fished, but other species of lobster, shrimp, oyster, mussels and clams all live in the North Sea.
Fish and shellfish
North Sea
North Sea | Fish and shellfish
Cod, haddock, whiting, saithe, plaice, sole, mackerel, herring, pouting, sprat, and sandeel Common seals, and harbour porpoises Common seals and harbour porpoises. Cod, haddock, whiting, saithe, plaice, sole, mackerel, herring, pouting, sprat, and sandeel
when will the new dunkirk film be released on dvd
user
18 December 2017
assistant
what is this film about?
user
Dunkirk evacuation of World War II
assistant
can you mention a few members of the cast?
user
Fionn Whitehead, Tom Glynn-Carney, Jack Lowden, Harry Styles
assistant
where was it shot?
user
Dunkirk and Urk, Netherlands
assistant
can you tell me anything about the latter place's past?
user
Until 1475 the High and Low Lordship of Urk and Emmeloord was in the hands of the Van Kuinre family
assistant
what does the economy of this place depend upon?
user
Fishery
assistant
is there any waterbody nearby ?
user
North Sea
assistant
what kind of marine organisms are found in this sea?
user
Copepods and other zooplankton are plentiful in the North Sea. These tiny organisms are crucial elements of the food chain supporting many species of fish. Over 230 species of fish live in the North Sea. Cod, haddock, whiting, saithe, plaice, sole, mackerel, herring, pouting, sprat, and sandeel are all very common and are fished commercially. Due to the various depths of the North Sea trenches and differences in salinity, temperature, and water movement, some fish such as blue-mouth redfish and rabbitfish reside only in small areas of the North Sea. Crustaceans are also commonly found throughout the sea. Norway lobster, deep-water prawns, and brown shrimp are all commercially fished, but other species of lobster, shrimp, oyster, mussels and clams all live in the North Sea.
North Sea | Fish and shellfish
Recently non-indigenous species have become established including the Pacific oyster and Atlantic jackknife clam.
North Sea | Fish and shellfish
The North Sea is also home to marine mammals. Common seals, and harbour porpoises can be found along the coasts, at marine installations, and on islands. The very northern North Sea islands such as the Shetland Islands are occasionally home to a larger variety of pinnipeds including bearded, harp, hooded and ringed seals, and even walrus. North Sea cetaceans include various porpoise, dolphin and whale species.
North Sea | Marine mammals
In the North Sea waters at the base of the cliffs can be found certain marine mammals, including the common seal ("Phoca vitulina") and the grey seal ("Halichoerus grypus"). Seals can be observed in summer months hauling out on the rugged rock formation of Craiglethy Skerry. Further offshore are frequently sighted dolphins. Bony fishes found in the offshore waters include Atlantic shad ("Aosa sapidissima"), Atlantic salmon ("Salmo salar"), and brown trout ("Salmo trutta"). Marine algae occurring immediately offshore at the Fowlsheugh Nature Reserve include "Dudresnaya verticillata", "Sauvageaugloia griffithsiana", and "Streblonema infestans".
Fowlsheugh | Marine life
Due to the heavy human populations and high level of industrialization along its shores, the wildlife of the North Sea has suffered from pollution, overhunting, and overfishing. Flamingos and pelicans were once found along the southern shores of the North Sea, but became extinct over the 2nd millennium. Walruses frequented the Orkney Islands through the mid-16th century, as both Sable Island and Orkney Islands lay within its normal range. Gray whales also resided in the North Sea but were driven to extinction in the Atlantic in the 17th century Other species have dramatically declined in population, though they are still found.
North Sea | Biodiversity and conservation
Plant species in the North Sea include species of wrack, among them bladder wrack, knotted wrack, and serrated wrack. Algae, macroalgal, and kelp, such as oarweed and laminaria hyperboria, and species of maerl are found as well. Eelgrass, formerly common in the entirety of the Wadden Sea, was nearly wiped out in the 20th century by a disease. Similarly, sea grass used to coat huge tracts of ocean floor, but have been damaged by trawling and dredging have diminished its habitat and prevented its return. Invasive Japanese seaweed has spread along the shores of the sea clogging harbours and inlets and has become a nuisance.
North Sea | Flora
List of fish of the North Sea consists of 201 species, both indigenous, and also introduced, listed in systematic index. It includes 40 species of Chondrichthyes, three species of Agnatha, the other are bony fishes. The following tags are used to indicate the conservation status of species by IUCN's criteria: All the listed species are classified by their origin as native, introduced, invasive, and species found accidentally (difficult to characterize as native or invasive).
List of fish of the North Sea | Introduction
North Atlantic right whales, sturgeon, shad, rays, skates, salmon, and other species were common in the North Sea until the 20th century, when numbers declined due to overfishing. Other factors like the introduction of non-indigenous species, industrial and agricultural pollution, trawling and dredging, human-induced eutrophication, construction on coastal breeding and feeding grounds, sand and gravel extraction, offshore construction, and heavy shipping traffic have also contributed to the decline. For example, a resident killer whale pod was lost in the 1960s, presumably due to the peak in PCB pollution in this time period. The OSPAR commission manages the OSPAR convention to counteract the harmful effects of human activity on wildlife in the North Sea, preserve endangered species, and provide environmental protection.
North Sea | Biodiversity and conservation
Salmon frequent several Lewis rivers after crossing the Atlantic. Many of the fresh-water lochs are home to fish such as trout. Other freshwater fish present include Arctic char, European eel, 3 and 9 spined sticklebacks, thick-lipped mullet and flounder. Offshore, it is common to see seals, particularly in Stornoway harbour, and with luck, dolphins, porpoises, sharks and even the occasional whale can be encountered. Occasional turtles, mainly loggerhead and leathery, may be met in coastal waters.
Flora and fauna of the Outer Hebrides | Marine life
Other species listed here live in habitats that are intermediate between land and saltwater, or in brackish water habitats intermediate between freshwater and full-salinity saltwater.
List of non-marine molluscs of Great Britain | Introduction
The species is found in the Pacific, Indian and Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea and the Bosporus, the English Channel and the North Sea.
Adyte | Distribution
Advice on the management of 135 separate finfish and shellfish stocks is provided to the North-East Atlantic Fisheries Commission (NEAFC), North Atlantic Salmon Conservation Organization (NASCO), and the European Commission (EC). Advice and scientific information on anthropogenic impacts to the marine environment are provided to the Commission for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR), the European Commission (EC), and the Baltic Marine Environment Protection Commission (HELCOM).
International Council for the Exploration of the Sea | Advice
The north-eastern Atlantic Ocean may be divided into two main biogeographic regions - the Lusitanian (west of British Isles, Bay of Biscay, Iberian coast as far as Gibraltar), and northern European seas (including North Sea and Baltic Sea). A clearly distinct area is also the Macaronesian Biogeographic Region. The North Sea is home to about 230 species of fish. Cod, haddock, whiting, saithe, plaice, sole, mackerel, herring, pouting, sprat, and sandeel are common and target of commercial fishing. Due to the various depths of the North Sea trenches and differences in salinity, temperature, and water movement some fish reside only in small areas of the North Sea (e.g.
Fauna of Europe | Atlantic Ocean
There are predators too, pike perch and sterlet. The phytoplankton consists of diatomaceous, peridinium and cyanobacteria algae. At the bottom of the sea are large quantity of molluscs, such as cockles, sendesmiya, mussels and myas. They form an important food source for the fish. In coastal waters there are also dolphins.
Berdyansk | Geography
Fossil marine fish from the Norwich Crag include genera "Chrysophrys" sp. (a snapper), "Acipenser" (sturgeon) and "Notidanus" (a cow shark), and species "Platax woodwardi" (a batfish), "Gadus morhua" (Atlantic cod), "Rhinoptera woodwardi" (a cownose ray) and "Raja clavata" (thornback ray). Teeth of the freshwater fish "Esox lucius" (northern pike) have been found at Bramerton.
Norwich Crag Formation | Fish
The species is widely distributed round the shores of Britain where it is found on the lower shore and always in association with the sea urchin, "Echinus esculentus", among whose spines it lives. It ranges from the littoral to the sublittoral zones and is often associated with starfish, brittle stars and feather stars. It is an omnivore and both a scavenger and a predator.
Adyte | Biology
Thyasira gouldi, common name the Northern hatchet-shell, is a species of saltwater clam, a marine bivalve mollusc in the family Thyasiridae. This species has been fully protected since 1992 in the United Kingdom under the Wildlife and Countryside Act 1981.
Thyasira gouldi | Introduction
In the southern North Sea, this species has become much more common during the second half of the 20th century. In the 1930s there was an average of about 69 individuals per square metre in suitable habitats, by 1950 this had dropped to 29 but by 1986, it had increased to 416 per square metre. A similar trend was observed in the Skagerrak and Kattegatt area but not in the Baltic Sea or Irish Sea. It is suggested that this build up in numbers was mainly due to eutrophication of the North Sea, although overfishing of the flatfish that feed on the brittle stars may have played a minor role.
Amphiura filiformis | Ecology
The area is rich with invertebrates as well including molluscs (bivalves, octopus, snails), echinoderms (sea stars, brittle stars, sea cucumbers, and urchins) as well as arthropods (crabs and shrimp). Cnidarians are seen both on the seafloor (anemones, sea pens, and corals) as well as floating in the water column (jellyfish) along with other organisms such as salps, ctenophores, and tunicates.
Ocean Networks Canada | Barkley Canyon
Depending mostly on marine snow—the continuous shower of mostly organic detritus falling from surface waters—little is known about the complicated food web connecting the organisms of the deep. Because of the harsh environment, there is a low density of organisms observed. Despite the low density, there is a fairly diverse community living on the abyssal plain. Installation and maintenance work has enabled a number of these organisms to be observed. The main groups of organisms observed include fish (skates and rattails), echinoderms (sea cucumbers, sea stars, brittle stars, and crinoids), molluscs (octopus and squid), sea pens, crabs, and squat lobsters.
Ocean Networks Canada | Cascadia Basin
Sturgeon, shad, rays, skates and salmon among other species were common in the North Sea into the 20th century, when numbers declined due to overfishing. Other factors like the introduction of non-indigenous species, industrial and agricultural pollution, trawling and dredging, human-induced eutrophication, construction on coastal breeding and feeding grounds, sand and gravel extraction, offshore construction, and heavy shipping traffic have also contributed to the decline. Various agreements have been made in the course of history. A 15th-century document illustrates shared use, and the "London convention on fisheries" was signed in 1964. The OSPAR commission manages the OSPAR convention to counteract the harmful effects of human activity on wildlife in the North Sea, preserve endangered species, and provide environmental protection.
Fishing in the North Sea | History
Within those surface waters, there a whole host of organisms from the sea going mesosaurids to the Palaeoniscoid fishes, with the bottom half of the water column that could not support a benthic zone due to the toxic bottom brines. The lithology representing that bottom half of the water column are black shales and also carbonaceous oil is found in the same area.
Stereosternum | Paleoecology
This marine species occurs in the Bering Strait (Metchigme Bay), the Barents Sea, the Beaufort Sea, off Eastern Canada to Maine, USA, the North Atlantic Ocean (from Norway and Sweden to the British Isles), from the Arctic Ocean to California; in the Sea of Japan.
Curtitoma trevelliana | Distribution
The green hairstreak, purple hairstreak, hummingbird hawk-moth and ghost moth are sometimes seen, particularly in the woods at Holkham, along with the common butterfly and moth species. In some years the clouded yellow, Camberwell beauty, painted lady or diamondback moth may be seen, and the silver Y can sometimes occur in huge numbers. The dune tiger beetle is a nationally rare denizen of moist sand dunes. The lagoons behind the shingle beach at Salthouse and Cley are salty due to the percolation of seawater through the bank. These saline lagoons may cover mud, firm sand or submerged vegetation, and hold some rare and threatened invertebrates including the starlet sea anemone, lagoon sand shrimp, Atlantic ditch shrimp, and lagoon cockle.
North Norfolk Coast Site of Special Scientific Interest | Other animals
Major demersal fishery species in the North Sea such as cod, plaice, monkfish and sole, are listed by the ICES as "outside safe biological limits."
Demersal fish | Conservation status
It can be found in the subsurface of most of the Netherlands.
Lower North Sea Group | Introduction
The sea in this area is shallow and exposed to currents which move westwards along the coast. The seabed has areas of rock and others of sand and gravel, particularly in the more sheltered areas. In rocky areas there are forests of kelp and a wide variety of fish and invertebrates but in more protected locations, eelgrasses dominate.
Raet National Park | Marine area
The area we now call the North Sea was interspersed amid several separate continental areas (Siberia, Baltica, Gondwana, and Laurentia) as well as the Iapetus Ocean and Tornquist Sea. Plate tectonics and continental collisions (orogenies) brought the features together of the North Sea that we recognise presently.
Geology of the North Sea | Precambrian
It is estimated that the total number of Scottish marine species exceeds 40,000. This includes 250 species of fish, the most numerous inshore variety being saithe, and deeper water creatures such as the dogfish, porbeagle and blue shark, European eel, sea bass, Atlantic halibut and various rays. There are four species of sea turtle, the leatherback, loggerhead, Kemp's ridley and green turtle. Scottish waters contain around 2,500 crustacean species and 700 molluscs and in 2012 a bed of 100 million flame shells was found during a survey of Loch Alsh. The Darwin Mounds, an important area of cold water coral reefs discovered in 1988, are about deep in the Atlantic Ocean, about north-west of Cape Wrath in the north-east corner of the Rockall Trough.
Fauna of Scotland | Fish life in the sea
The North Sea is Europe's main fishery accounting for over 5% of international commercial fish caught. Fishing in the North Sea is concentrated in the southern part of the coastal waters. The main method of fishing is trawling. In 1995, the total volume of fish and shellfish caught in the North Sea was approximately 3.5 million tonnes. Besides saleable fish, it is estimated that one million tonnes of unmarketable by-catch is caught and discarded to die each year. In recent decades, overfishing has left many fisheries unproductive, disturbing marine food chain dynamics and costing jobs in the fishing industry. Herring, cod and plaice fisheries may soon face the same plight as mackerel fishing, which ceased in the 1970s due to overfishing.
North Sea | Fishing
The species is found in the northern Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the North Sea, the Skagerrak and probably the Øresund, as well as in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. In general, it inhabits an irregularly bent, sometimes branching, parchment-like tube partially embedded in soft sediment such as sand, muddy sand, mud, gravel, broken shell or fragments of coral. The tube has extra openings at the bends. Its depth range is from .
Eunice norvegica | Distribution and habitat
Salmon frequent several Lewis rivers after crossing the Atlantic. Many of the fresh-water lochs are home to fish such as trout. Other freshwater fish present include Arctic char, European eel, 3 and 9 spined sticklebacks, thick-lipped mullet and flounder. Offshore, it is common to see grey seals, particularly in Stornoway harbour, and with luck, dolphins, harbour porpoises, sharks and even the occasional whale can be encountered.
Isle of Lewis | Marine life
Shallow epicontinental seas like the current North Sea have since long existed on the European continental shelf. The rifting that formed the northern part of the Atlantic Ocean during the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods, from about , caused tectonic uplift in the British Isles. Since then, a shallow sea has almost continuously existed between the uplands of the Fennoscandian Shield and the British Isles. This precursor of the current North Sea has grown and shrunk with the rise and fall of the eustatic sea level during geologic time. Sometimes it was connected with other shallow seas, such as the sea above the Paris Basin to the south-west, the Paratethys Sea to the south-east, or the Tethys Ocean to the south.
North Sea | Geology
Twelve tanks, varying in size from , present different habitats from the North Sea - from the sandy bottom by the jetties to the muddy seafloor at several hundred metres in the Norwegian Trench between Denmark and Norway. In each tank fish and other sea animals which can be found in that particular habitat are shown. The oceanarium tries to make the bottom and the surroundings as authentic as possible, however with the appropriate compromises.
Nordsøen Oceanarium | Habitat tanks
The North Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain (England and Scotland), Denmark, Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France. An epeiric (or "shelf") sea on the European continental shelf, it connects to the ocean through the English Channel in the south and the Norwegian Sea in the north. It is more than long and wide, with an area of . The North Sea has long been the site of important European shipping lanes as well as a major fishery. The coast is a popular destination for recreation and tourism in bordering countries, and more recently the sea has developed into a rich source of energy resources, including fossil fuels, wind, and early efforts in wave power.
North Sea | Introduction
The Sea Pavilion contains information concerning leatherback sea turtles, Atlantic whitefish, northern right whales, sharks, lake whitefish, largemouth bass, brook trout, Atlantic wolffish, and Atlantic pickerel. There are also displays featuring protected areas such as Sable Island and The Gully and special interest areas such as Halifax Harbour and the Bay of Fundy.
Bedford Institute of Oceanography | Facilities
The large elliptical tank in the centre of the museum's old building measures and holds of water. The centre tank was designed to resemble the open sea in the North Sea, and specially to hold schooling, pelagic fish. It is also a "show-room" for displaying large specimens of some of the species which are also seen in the habitat tanks – for example cod, saithe, turbot and sea-bass. Other large species in the tank are spiny dogfish, skates, and ocean sunfish. In total, there are about 2–3000 fish in this tank.
Nordsøen Oceanarium | The centre tank
The northern sea nettle is found in open water of temperate northern Pacific Ocean, Arctic Ocean and especially the Bering Sea.
Chrysaora melanaster | Habitat
The fauna found here include: 70 species of sponges are found. Coral 52 species including 44 species of hard coral 10 species of soft coral and almost 90 species of birds. Jellyfish, Portuguese man of war and sea anemones are other coelenterates found here. Arthropods include 27 species of prawns, 30 species of crabs, lobsters, shrimps and other crustaceans. Molluscs like pearl oysters and sea slugs are present. Octopus which change colour are also found. Echinoderms like starfish, sea cucumbers and sea urchins are present. The fishes found are puffer fishes, sea horse, sting ray, mudskippers and whale sharks which are an endangered species.
Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch | Fauna
Finally there is open water, above the substrate and clear of the kelp forest, where the organisms must drift or swim. Mixed habitats are also frequently found, which are a combination of those mentioned above. There are no significant estuarine habitats in the MPA. Rocky shores and reefs There are rocky reefs and mixed rocky and sandy bottoms. For many marine organisms the substrate is another type of marine organism, and it is common for several layers to co-exist. Examples of this are red bait pods, which are usually encrusted with sponges, ascidians, bryozoans, anemones, and gastropods, and abalone, which are usually covered by similar seaweeds to those found on the surrounding rocks, usually with a variety of other organisms living on the seaweeds.
Aliwal Shoal Marine Protected Area | Ecology
Sea mammals such as porpoise, dolphin, minke whale, and orca can be seen from the rocks offshore over the harbour. Many migrants birds, like wheatear, meadow pipit, snow bunting and buff breasted sandpiper have been sighted.
Symbister | Aquatic fauna
Near the coast it occurs in brackish water and inland in fens and raised bogs or aggradation zones of standing waters. In the continental area it is found only in salty places inland.
Nabis lineatus | Introduction
In December 2013 surveys by Marine Scotland discovered four new species of animals in the sea around Rockall. These are believed to live in an area where hydrocarbons are released from the sea bed, known as a cold seep. The discovery has raised the issue of restricting some forms of fishery to protect the sea bed. The species are:
Rockall | Discovery of new species
Every time the ice sheet reached its greatest extent, the North Sea became almost completely dry. The present-day coastline formed after the Last Glacial Maximum when the sea began to flood the European continental shelf. In 2006 a bone fragment was found while drilling for oil in the North Sea. Analysis indicated that it was a Plateosaurus from 199 to 216 million years ago. This was the deepest dinosaur fossil ever found and the first find for Norway.
North Sea | Geology
The species is found in the coastal seas of Norway, the British Isles, the Faeroes and the North Sea. It lives at depths between 2 and 20 metres, but migrates to waters down to 270m in winter.
Agonus cataphractus | Distribution
It is found in the North Sea (Scottish and English east coast, Belgian coast, and Heligoland), English Channel (Plymouth, Roscoff), Irish Sea (North Wales, Isle of Man), Atlantic (Irish coasts, Faroe Islands), Spanish coast (Valencia), Baltic (Kiel Bay), Skagerrak (Swedish west coast), and the White and Barents Sea.
Dinophilus taeniatus | Distribution
Rock pools contain sea anemones, blennies, crabs and molluscs. Sandy shores harbour a variety of plants and animals which are buried in the sand. Birds such as curlews and oyster catchers are to be seen prodding the sand to find these creatures for food. A few cormorants and fulmars breed along the coast where stonechats and rock pipits can also be spotted. Herring gulls are the commonest breeding birds and are an interesting sight nesting in the chimneys of coastal towns.
North York Moors | The coast
This marine species occurs near the seashore in circum-arctic waters, in the North Atlantic, in European waters; from the Bering Strait to California, USA; in the Sea of Okhotsk.
Margarites helicinus | Distribution
hyperboreus" dominates the Arctic waters; they are the main diet of most marine predators. The most important krill species are "Meganyctiphanes norvegica", "Thyssanoessa inermis", and "Thyssanoessa longicaudata". In contrast to the Greenland Sea, there is a significant presence of calcareous plankton (Coccolithophore and Globigerinida) in the Norwegian Sea. Plankton production strongly fluctuates between years. For example, "C. finmarchicus" yield was 28 g/m² (dry weight) in 1995 and only 8 g/m² in 1997; this correspondingly affected the population of all its predators.
Norwegian Sea | Plankton and sea bottom organisms
Sightings of the fish in colder waters outside of its usual habitat, such as those southwest of England, may be evidence of increasing marine temperatures, although the proximity of England's southwestern coast to the Gulf Stream means that many of these sightings may also be the result of the fish being carried to Europe by the current.
Ocean sunfish | Range and behavior
A deepwater video survey of the seabed over the Cape Fear coral mound off North Carolina found the sea urchins "E. tylodes" and the rather similar "Echinus gracilis" associated with squat lobsters ("Eumunida picta") and spider crabs ("Rochinia crassa"). These were living among the living and dead remains of the coldwater coral ("Lophelia pertusa") from which the mound was largely formed. Other invertebrates present included the deepwater starfish ("Novodinia antillensis") and the flytrap anemone ("Actinoscyphia saginata"). The commonest fish species were the alfonsino ("Beryx decadactylus"), codlings ("Laemonema" spp.) and the conger eel ("Conger oceanicus").
Echinus tylodes | Ecology
Natchitoches National Fish Hatchery - National Agronomy and Fishing Investigation Institute - National Coalition for Marine Conservation - National Fish Hatchery System - National Fisheries Research & Development Institute - Nazareth Bank - Neritic zone - Net casting - New Zealand green-lipped mussel - New Zealand sea urchin - Newlyn - Newlyn riots - Nisshin Maru - Nof Ginnosar - Noodling - Nordland (boat) - North American Native Fishes Association - North Atlantic Marine Mammal Commission - North Pacific Longliners Association - North Shields - Northern pike - Northern snakehead - Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Organization - Norway lobster - Norwegian College of Fishery Science - Norwegian Institute of Marine Research - Norwegian Ministry of Fisheries and Coastal Affairs - Noryangjin Fisheries Wholesale Market
Index of fishing articles | N
This species is found in the NE Atlantic Ocean, on south-western coasts of England and Wales and the southern, western and northern coasts of Ireland. "Isozoanthus sulcatus" is also commonly found in temperate waters on the western coast of France, but can be found as far east as the southwestern coast of Norway. They live from the intertidal to about 42 m down in the sublittoral on horizontal silt-covered substrate, empty mollusc shells, and even in rocky intertidal pools as epibiota. Because of their size and habits, they are found often through diving and dredging.
Isozoanthus sulcatus | Habitat & Distribution
The North Sea is bounded by the Orkney Islands and east coast of Great Britain to the west and the northern and central European mainland to the east and south, including Norway, Denmark, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France. In the southwest, beyond the Straits of Dover, the North Sea becomes the English Channel connecting to the Atlantic Ocean. In the east, it connects to the Baltic Sea via the Skagerrak and Kattegat, narrow straits that separate Denmark from Norway and Sweden respectively. In the north it is bordered by the Shetland Islands, and connects with the Norwegian Sea, which is a marginal sea in the Arctic Ocean.
North Sea | Geography
Marine mammals include seals and porpoises. Fish include bass, shad, and flounder; lobster, crab, mussel, and clam are common. Many types of seaweed, sponges, worms, seajellys and more are also found. Birds include sandpipers, terns (visitors only), eagles, falcons, seagulls, herons, and kingfishers. Fossils are found near Parrsboro, Blue Beach and other areas along the Avon River. Rarely, fossils have been found at Evangeline Beach, Burntcoat Head, and other locations. These fossils include various shells (brachiopods, molluscs), sponges, trees, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and dinosaurs. Trace fossils include vertebrate footprints, fish fin-tracks, invertebrate trackways (ex. scorpions at Blue Beach), raindrop inprints, and wave ripples.
Minas Basin | Nature
This marine species occurs in the Red Sea.
Vacerrena nana | Distribution
The marine life found here consists of anemones, urchins, sea cucumbers, and eels, which all live on the reefs along with turtles, conch and many varieties of marine fishes. The marine aquafauna is rich in conch, which has pearly-pink shells. Its meat is a favourite food supplement item and their shells are a collectors item. Other species of fish which are recorded close to the shore line in shallow waters are: sergeant majors, the blue chromis, brown chromis, surgeon fish; blue tangs and trumpet fish. On the shore are ghost crabs, which always live on the beach in small burrowed tunnels made in sand, and the hermit crabs, which live in land but lay eggs in water and which also eat garbage and sewerage.
Saint Barthélemy | Aquafauna
At low tide the ocean floor becomes exposed allowing different species and ecosystems to be found along the shoreline and within tidal pools. Barnacles, periwinkles, slipper limpets, moon snails, horse mussels, leafy bryozoans, and whelks can be found along the ocean floor. False angel wing and Atlantic mud-piddock can be found burrowed into the sandstone. Dead man's fingers and mermaid's glove which are sponges can be found washed up on shore. The five main crab species that can be found within the tidal pools are green crab, hermit crab, lady crab, toad crab, and rock crab. The popular fish species that can be found in tidal pools are tommy cod, Atlantic mackerel, smallmouth bass, eels, monkfish, and flounder.
Burntcoat Head, Nova Scotia | Shorelife
"S. troglodytes" is found in coastal regions of the north east Atlantic Ocean, the North Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. It is common round the coasts of Britain between the tide marks but is relatively little observed because it is well camouflaged and is often hidden in cracks, under overhangs, in rock pools, under seaweed, among mussels or half buried in sand and mud with just its tentacles projecting. In Morecambe Bay, England, it is found anchored to stones buried several inches beneath the surface of this expanse of mudflats, or sometimes not even attached at all but living freely.
Sagartia troglodytes | Distribution and habitat
This marine species is circum-arctic and occurs in the Northwest Atlantic Ocean, Canada and the Gulf of Maine; on the continental shelf of the Alaskan Beaufort Sea; found at depths between 25 m and 780 m. It has also been found as a fossil in Quaternary strata of Greenland and Iceland; age range: 2.588 to 0.781 Ma.
Curtitoma decussata | Distribution
Four species of bay clam are also found in Netarts Bay.
Netarts Bay | Shellfish
Most of the aquatic life in the Norwegian Sea is concentrated in the upper layers. Estimates for the entire North Atlantic are that only 2% of biomass is produced at depths below 1,000 metres and only 1.2% occurs near the sea floor. The blooming of the phytoplankton is dominated by chlorophyll and peaks around 20 May. The major phytoplankton forms are diatoms, in particular the genus "Thalassiosira" and "Chaetoceros". After the spring bloom the haptophytes of the genus "Phaecocystis pouchetti" become dominant. Zooplankton is mostly represented by the copepods "Calanus finmarchicus" and "Calanus hyperboreus", where the former occurs about four times more often than the latter and is mostly found in the Atlantic streams, whereas "C.
Norwegian Sea | Plankton and sea bottom organisms
This marine species was found at bathyal depths off the Faroes in the North Atlantic Ocean.
Pleurotomella formosa | Distribution
This marine species occurs off the South Shetland Islands and the South Orkney Islands at depths between 300 m and 400 m.
Falsimargarita thielei | Distribution
This marine species occurs in the Bering Strait.
Neoiphinoe arctica | Distribution
North Sea or Northern Sea may refer to: The Caribbean Sea
North Sea (disambiguation) | Introduction
Sedimentation rates were high, and the bottom waters were rather anoxic. Organisms that inhabited this sea include dinoflagellates, ammonites, and belemnites.
Acamptonectes | Palaeoecology
There is a broader spectrum of higher animal taxa in the sea than on land, many marine species have yet to be discovered and the number known to science is expanding annually. Some vertebrates such as seabirds, seals and sea turtles return to the land to breed but fish, cetaceans and sea snakes have a completely aquatic lifestyle and many invertebrate phyla are entirely marine. In fact, the oceans teem with life and provide many varying microhabitats. One of these is the surface film which, even though tossed about by the movement of waves, provides a rich environment and is home to bacteria, fungi, microalgae, protozoa, fish eggs and various larvae.
Sea | Animals and other marine life
For the most part, the sea lies on the European continental shelf with a mean depth of . The only exception is the Norwegian trench, which extends parallel to the Norwegian shoreline from Oslo to an area north of Bergen. It is between wide and has a maximum depth of . The Dogger Bank, a vast moraine, or accumulation of unconsolidated glacial debris, rises to a mere below the surface. This feature has produced the finest fishing location of the North Sea. The Long Forties and the Broad Fourteens are large areas with roughly uniform depth in fathoms, (forty fathoms and fourteen fathoms or deep respectively).
North Sea | Major features
This zone contains various areas within, including 'Ocean Drifters', 'Ocean Lab', 'Observation Deck', 'Lost at Sea' and 'Ocean Predators' The 'Ocean Drifters' jelly exhibit was opened in 2009, and includes moon jellies, Japanese sea nettles, and Upside-down jellyfish, housed in round tanks to prevent damage to their delicate bodies. The other areas take you around the largest tank of the aquarium housing 1,000 Caribbean fish including nurse shark, lemon shark, sand tiger shark, zebra shark, sandbar shark, barracuda, southern stingray, tarpon, turtle. The tank volume is 2.5 million litres. This exhibit was updated at the end of 2009, with the largest ever shipment of live fish into the UK, from Barbados, West Indies.
National Marine Aquarium, Plymouth | Atlantic Ocean
The bowhead whale used to be a major plankton predator, but it almost disappeared from the Norwegian Sea after intense whaling in the 19th century, and was temporarily extinct in the entire North Atlantic. Similarly, the blue whale used to form large groups between Jan Mayen and Spitsbergen, but is hardly present nowadays. Observations of northern bottlenose whales in the Norwegian Sea are rare. Other large animals of the sea are hooded and harp seals and squid. Important waterfowl species of the Norwegian Sea are puffin, kittiwake and guillemot. Puffins and guillemots also suffered from the collapse of the herring population, especially the puffins on the Lofoten Islands.
Norwegian Sea | Mammals and birds
This species is found in the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, the Indian Ocean, the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea. It is found from the eulittoral zone to around 350 metres and is a true marine species. This is in contrast to the harbour fouling invasive species "Hydroides elegans" with which it is sometimes confused.
Hydroides norvegica | Distribution
Smaller freshwater species burrow in mud or live among aquatic vegetation. The marine species are mostly tiny and live in the interstices between sand grains, from the intertidal zone to the deep sea.
Clitellata | Distribution and habitat
Collections Botaniques de l'Université de Bourgogne Rockpooling: The Guide to Finding Marine Creatures
List of British Isles rockpool life | Related
The North Atlantic from the Florida Straits, north along the eastern seaboard to Greenland, Iceland, Spitsbergen then south along the European coast into the North Sea, including Great Britain and Ireland. Although mainly found between , it has been recorded in shallower waters and as deep as .
Bathypolypus arcticus | Distribution
This marine species occurs off the west coast of Scotland and in the northwest Atlantic Ocean.
Margarites argentatus | Distribution
Baie Verte is home to nesting colonies of sea birds and is a nursery area for fin and shell fishes. Its extensive salt marshes at the western end of the bay create important habitat for wetland animals.
Baie Verte (Northumberland Strait) | Marine and wildlife
There is a large display of marine invertebrates and also two models of single cell animals living in fresh water.
Glass sea creatures | Natural History Museum, Wollaston Hall, Nottingham, England
This fish occurs in the subtropical western Atlantic Ocean, the Caribbean Sea and Gulf of Mexico, within an area bounded by 43°N and 4°N, and 98°W and 51°W that stretches from Massachusetts to the northern coast of South America, including the Bahamas and the Antilles. It is usually associated with reefs but also occurs further offshore.
Echeneis neucratoides | Distribution
The coasts round Britain and the sea nearby is of international significance. Animal life varies from large whales, dolphins and porpoises, grey seals and common seals, through to microscopic animals. There are more than 200 species of fish, ranging from small fish like blennies through to basking sharks that are the second largest shark in the world. Habitats include areas of landslips, beaches with sand, shingle and rock, cliffs, coastal lagoons, isolated sea stacks and islands, muddy estuaries, salt marshes, submaritime zones (i.e. land influenced by sea spray) and the sea itself. British coasts are affected by strong winds and in some areas large waves.
Seashore wildlife | British seashores
This marine species ranges from the Mediterranean to the British Isles where it has been found from south-west England, the south and west of Ireland, as far north as Shetland; not in the southern North Sea. This species occurs in the following locations:
Eulima glabra | Distribution
Further east, the salinity increases and the freshwater fish species are completely replaced by euryhaline marine ones, until the river reaches Gravesend, at which point conditions become fully marine and the fish fauna resembles that of the adjacent North Sea and includes both euryhaline and stenohaline marine species. A similar pattern of replacement can be observed with the aquatic plants and invertebrates living in the river.
Thames Estuary | Salinity
As sediments thicken and compact from accretion, pore waters are expelled from the sediment, and gases — primarily biogenic methane — contribute to the formation of gas hydrates in the upper few hundred metres of the sediment. At this site, a cold vent, known as Bullseye Vent, has formed along with significant concentrations of gas hydrates. Clayoquot Slope is home to a variety of deep-sea organisms. Many demersal fish (fish which live very near the bottom) were observed (rockfish, flatfish, thorny heads, and rattails) along with echinoderms (sea cucumbers, brittle stars, sea stars), octopus, crabs, cnidarians (sea pens, corals, anemones), and bacterial mats.
Ocean Networks Canada | Clayoquot Slope
The anemone is found from depths of 20 m to 2000 m in the sublittoral zone. It is found in closed off marine areas attached to hard substances such as stones, rocks, and shells. Normally it is found in the North Atlantic to the Arctic Circle and North America. It has been found recently in Scottish sea lochs. It is commonly found in the bathyal zone of the Laurentian channel in the area between Anticosti Island and Newfoundland, including all of the Strait of Belle Isle except for the upper 50 meters near Newfoundland. Also, it is present on all British and Irish coasts, but is harder to find on southern coasts, and able to dominate the Beryl oil platform.
Bolocera tuediae | Habitat
"Leucia nivea" occurs in the nertheastern Atkantic Ocean, the North Sea as far north as the Skagerrak, the British Isles, southwards to the Azores and in the Mediterranean Sea. It is found in the sublittoral zone at depths down to about on sand, shelly gravel, sponges such as "Desmacidona" and cold water corals.
Leucia nivea | Distribution
The North Sea is part of the Atlantic Ocean in northern Europe. It is located between Norway and Denmark in the east, Scotland and England in the west, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France in the south. The geology of the North Sea describes the geological features such as channels, trenches, and ridges today and the geological history, plate tectonics, geological events that created them. A geological basin is a large low-lying area or depression. It is often below sea level. Depressions are typically formed by tectonic processes acting on the lithosphere, providing "accommodation space" for sediment to be preserved.
Northern North Sea basin | Introduction
In this period the area now named the North Sea was in the subtropics and was a non-marine arid environment.
Geology of the North Sea | Variscan Orogeny
Stretching in a narrow strip offshore from Ellesmere Island and Devon Island in Baffin Bay, it runs parallel to the coast of Bylot Island and Baffin Island until meeting it at the Cumberland Peninsula. It covers the waters of the Davis Strait and the Hudson Strait, Ungava Bay and portions of the Labrador Sea, including all coastal areas of Labrador and the northern coast of Newfoundland. It also includes the Gulf of Saint Lawrence to the mouth of the Saint Lawrence River. The cold, highly saline North Atlantic Deep Water forms in the Labrador Sea and flows at great depth along the western edge of the North Atlantic.
Northwest Atlantic Marine Ecozone | Geography
Sedimentary bottoms are a relatively unstable substrate and cannot anchor kelp or many of the other benthic organisms. Finally there is open water, above the substrate and clear of the kelp forest, where the organisms must drift or swim. Mixed habitats are also frequently found, which are a combination of those mentioned above. Rocky reefs There are rocky reefs and mixed rocky and sandy bottoms. For many marine organisms the substrate is another type of marine organism, and it is common for several layers to co-exist. Examples of this are red bait pods, which are usually encrusted with sponges, ascidians, bryozoans, anemones, and gastropods, and abalone, which are usually covered by similar seaweeds to those found on the surrounding rocks, usually with a variety of other organisms living on the seaweeds.
Southeast Atlantic Seamounts Marine Protected Area | Ecology
Margarets Bay. Marine life includes Atlantic bluefin tuna, white-sided and white-beaked dolphins, and pinnipeds. Endangered Atlantic leatherback sea turtles are seen in the waters near shore. Endangered right whales and many other species are found in the waters.
Peggy's Cove, Nova Scotia | Atlantic Ocean
This exhibit shows many species of jelly fish, plankton, and algae (ocean drifters) to help visitors understand the foundations of the ocean food web in the Salish Sea. Species in this exhibit include sea nettles and moon jellys. This wet lab and classroom is used by school groups, though ordinary visitors are welcome when it is not in use. It contains microscopes for visitors to view the mini-ecosystems habitats, and a teacher's desk with a fish tank inside. The area is also used to house new-born fish and contain bones of whales. Lastly, the exhibit contains a 60-cm female fetus of a hybrid harbour and Dall's porpoise that was discovered from a dead female Dall's porpoise on Southern Vancouver Island in 1998.
Shaw Centre for the Salish Sea | Exhibits
This marine species occurs off the Ninety Mile Beach, North Island, New Zealand
Mitromorpha benthicola | Distribution
This marine species occurs in the North Atlantic Ocean off Florida at a depth of 150 m.
Polystira sunderlandi | Distribution
Surface outflow drives a deep water inflow which is strongly influenced by upwelling and downwelling conditions on the nearby continental shelf. The nutrient-rich, terrestrial freshwater discharge and the nutrient-rich, cool, salty upwelled water support a diverse and abundant ecosystem Folger Pinnacle, located atop a shallow reef, has dense mats of sponges, ascidians and encrusting algae. There are numerous types of sessile (bottom attached) organisms including sponges, anemones, bryozoans, tunicates, and barnacles. Since this is a rockfish conservation area, there is a wide variety of rockfish (yellowtail, China, quillback, Puget Sound, black, and blue) in addition to many other fish (kelp greenling, lingcod, flatfish, wolfeels), molluscs (giant Pacific octopus, mussels, swimming scallops, and snails), and echinoderms (seastars, sea cucumbers, and urchins).
Ocean Networks Canada | Folger Passage
This marine species was occurs in the Arctic Ocean north of Bering Straits.
Oenopota healyi | Distribution
This marine species occurs off Ninety Mile Beach, North Island, New Zealand
Splendrillia debilis | Distribution
A sea area of off Noss Head has been designated as a Marine Protected Area (MPA) since 2014. It is home to the largest bed of horse mussels known in Scottish waters, which lies at a depth of between 35 and 45 m below sea level. Living amongst the mussel beds are many other species, including soft corals, tubeworms, barnacles, sea firs, and sea mats, brittlestars, crabs, worms and molluscs. The MPA is designated a Category IV protected area by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.
Noss Head | Marine Protected Area
Montagu's seasnail ("Liparis montagui") is a marine fish of the seasnail family (Liparidae). It inhabits the northeastern Atlantic, mainly around the British Isles, the North Sea, the Norwegian Sea, southern Iceland and as far north as the Barents Sea. It is a small (maximum 12 cm), demersal fish, usually living between from the intertidal zone to 30 metres deep, where it hides under stones or algae. It mainly feeds on small invertebrates, such as small crabs, shrimp and amphipods.
Montagu's seasnail | Introduction
Among the Nordic marine animals, there are two particularly important to cite: the walrus and the narwhal. Inland waters are populated by small to large fresh water fish, such as the largemouth bass, the American pickerel, the walleye, the "Acipenser oxyrinchus", the muskellunge, the Atlantic cod, the Arctic char, the brook trout, the "Microgadus tomcod" (tomcod), the Atlantic salmon, the rainbow trout, etc.
Quebec | Wildlife
This marine species occurs in European waters, the Atlantic Ocean off the Cape Verdes and the Canary Islands; in the Mediterranean Sea.
Notocochlis dillwynii | Distribution