To replace Oswald, Disney and Iwerks developed Mickey Mouse, possibly inspired by a pet mouse that Disney had adopted while working in his Laugh-O-Gram studio, although the origins of the character are unclear. Disney's original choice of name was Mortimer Mouse, but Lillian thought it too pompous, and suggested Mickey instead. Iwerks revised Disney's provisional sketches to make the character easier to animate. Disney, who had begun to distance himself from the animation process, provided Mickey's voice until 1947. In the words of one Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul." Mickey Mouse first appeared in May 1928 as a single test screening of the short "Plane Crazy", but it, and the second feature, "The Gallopin' Gaucho", failed to find a distributor.
Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
Walt Disney
Walt Disney | Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse Mickey Mouse
when did jungle book come out in theaters
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1967
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who was the director?
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Wolfgang Reitherman
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and the producer?
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Walt Disney
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what is the movie about?
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It follows Mowgli, a feral child raised in the Indian jungle by wolves, as his friends Bagheera the panther and Baloo the bear try to convince him to leave the jungle before the evil tiger Shere Khan arrives.
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how was it received by the public?
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It received positive reviews upon release, undoubtedly influenced by a nostalgic reaction to the death of Walt Disney.
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who was this person ?
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He was an American entrepreneur, animator, writer, voice actor and film producer.
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where was he born?
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Chicago's Hermosa neighborhood.
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could you mention character created by him?
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To replace Oswald, Disney and Iwerks developed Mickey Mouse, possibly inspired by a pet mouse that Disney had adopted while working in his Laugh-O-Gram studio, although the origins of the character are unclear. Disney's original choice of name was Mortimer Mouse, but Lillian thought it too pompous, and suggested Mickey instead. Iwerks revised Disney's provisional sketches to make the character easier to animate. Disney, who had begun to distance himself from the animation process, provided Mickey's voice until 1947. In the words of one Disney employee, "Ub designed Mickey's physical appearance, but Walt gave him his soul." Mickey Mouse first appeared in May 1928 as a single test screening of the short "Plane Crazy", but it, and the second feature, "The Gallopin' Gaucho", failed to find a distributor.
Walt Disney | Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
After Mintz requested new material to distribute through Universal Pictures, Disney and Iwerks created Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, a character Disney wanted to be "peppy, alert, saucy and venturesome, keeping him also neat and trim".
Walt Disney | Early career: 1920–1928
Mickey Mouse is a cartoon character and the mascot of The Walt Disney Company created in 1928 at Walt Disney Animation Studios. An anthropomorphic mouse who typically wears red shorts, large yellow shoes, and white gloves, Mickey is one of the world's most recognizable characters. Created as a replacement for a prior Disney character, Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Mickey first appeared in the short "Plane Crazy", debuting publicly in the short film "Steamboat Willie" (1928), one of the first sound cartoons. He went on to appear in over 130 films, including "The Band Concert" (1935), "Brave Little Tailor" (1938), and "Fantasia" (1940).
Mickey Mouse | Introduction
Disney realized the importance of telling emotionally gripping stories that would interest the audience, and he invested in a "story department" separate from the animators, with storyboard artists who would detail the plots of Disney's films.
Walt Disney | Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
Walt Disney got the inspiration for Mickey Mouse from a tame mouse at his desk at Laugh-O-Gram Studio in Kansas City, Missouri. In 1925, Hugh Harman drew some sketches of mice around a photograph of Walt Disney. These inspired Ub Iwerks to create a new mouse character for Disney. "Mortimer Mouse" had been Disney's original name for the character before his wife, Lillian, convinced him to change it, and ultimately Mickey Mouse came to be. The actor Mickey Rooney claimed that, during his Mickey McGuire days, he met cartoonist Walt Disney at the Warner Brothers studio, and that Disney was inspired to name Mickey Mouse after him.
Mickey Mouse | Origin
After leaving the Oswald series, Disney and his team created a cat villain for their new protagonist Mickey Mouse. Originally unnamed in the cartoons and called "Terrible Tom" in the comic strip, the villain was called Pegleg Pete by 1930, formalizing him as a new incarnation of the pre-Mickey bad guy. Animator Norm Ferguson, known for developing Pluto, also developed Pete's character in several shorts and he was made to resemble actor Wallace Beery. Pete appeared as Mickey's enemy beginning with the 1928 cartoons "The Gallopin' Gaucho" and "Steamboat Willie". While he was seen with two legs in those films, he first appeared with a peg-leg in 1930's "The Cactus Kid" and would speak for the first time.
Pete (Disney) | Mickey Mouse and friends
In the Mickey Mouse series, he continued to add personality to his characters; this resulted in the creation of new characters such as Pluto with "The Chain Gang" in 1930, Goofy with "Mickey's Revue" in 1932 and Donald Duck in 1934 with "The Wise Little Hen" (under the "Silly Symphony" series). When Disney's contract with Technicolor expired, the Mickey Mouse series was moved into Technicolor starting with "The Band Concert" in 1935. In addition, Mickey was partially redesigned for Technicolor later that year. In 1937, Disney invented the multiplane camera, which gave an illusion of depth to the animated world.
Golden age of American animation | Beginnings (1920s–30s)
On his train ride home from New York, Walt brainstormed ideas for a new cartoon character. Mickey Mouse was conceived in secret while Disney produced the final Oswald cartoons he contractually owed Mintz. Disney asked Ub Iwerks to start drawing up new character ideas. Iwerks tried sketches of various animals, such as dogs and cats, but none of these appealed to Disney. A female cow and male horse were also rejected. They would later turn up as Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar. A male frog was also rejected. It would later show up in Iwerks' own "Flip the Frog" series.
Mickey Mouse | Origin
Mickey Mouse was created as a replacement for Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, an earlier cartoon character that was created by the Disney studio but owned by Universal Pictures. Charles Mintz served as a middleman producer between Disney and Universal through his company, Winkler Pictures, for the series of cartoons starring Oswald. Ongoing conflicts between Disney and Mintz and the revelation that several animators from the Disney studio would eventually leave to work for Mintz's company ultimately resulted in Disney cutting ties with Oswald. Among the few people who stayed at the Disney studio were animator Ub Iwerks, apprentice artist Les Clark, and Wilfred Jackson.
Mickey Mouse | Origin
Recurring characters in the strip include: From the beginning, the strips were parts of long continuing stories. These introduced characters such as the Phantom Blot, Eega Beeva, and the Bat Bandit, which Gottfredson created; Disney created Eli Squinch, Mickey's nephews, Morty and Ferdie Fieldmouse, and Sylvester Shyster, which were also introduced in the comic.
Mickey Mouse (comic strip) | Characters
Mickey Mouse was soon developed, a character Walt had been inspired to create just from a simple pet mouse he once had in his office back in Missouri. He had to go through many hurdles with Charles Mintz, Walt's distributor, before winning the rights to his character. The name of his company was changed to The Walt Disney Studio the same year he married Lillian Bounds with whom he had two daughters, Sharon and Diane. During World War II he produced fan favorites such as "Fantasia, Pinocchio, Dumbo, and Bambi." He continued to have monumental success into he 1950's and 60's.
The Art of Walt Disney | Background of Disney and His Art
All subsequent "Silly Symphony" cartoons were in color. "Flowers and Trees" was popular with audiences and won the Academy Award for best Short Subject (Cartoon) at the 1932 ceremony. Disney had been nominated for another film in that category, "Mickey's Orphans", and received an Honorary Award "for the creation of Mickey Mouse". In 1933, Disney produced "The Three Little Pigs", a film described by the media historian Adrian Danks as "the most successful short animation of all time". The film won Disney another Academy Award in the Short Subject (Cartoon) category. The film's success led to a further increase in the studio's staff, which numbered nearly 200 by the end of the year.
Walt Disney | Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
In 1978, in honor of his 50th anniversary, Mickey Mouse became the first animated character to receive a star, and nearly twenty more followed over the next decades. The star inscribed Charlie Tuna honors not the animated advertising mascot, but Art Ferguson, the long-time radio personality and game show announcer. Other fictional characters on the Walk include the Munchkins (as mentioned), one monster (Godzilla), and three non-animated canine characters (Strongheart, Lassie, and Rin Tin Tin). Fictional character Pee-Wee Herman, played by comedian Paul Reubens, also has a star, which was awarded in 1988. Eleven stars recognize cartoonists and animators: Walt Disney, Chuck Jones, Friz Freleng, Walter Lantz, William Hanna and Joseph Barbera, Charles M.
Hollywood Walk of Fame | Fictional characters and their creators
Also hired at this time were several local artists, some of whom stayed with the company as core animators; the group later became known as the Nine Old Men. Both the Mickey Mouse and "Silly Symphonies" series were successful, but Disney and his brother felt they were not receiving their rightful share of profits from Powers. In 1930, Disney tried to trim costs from the process by urging Iwerks to abandon the practice of animating every separate cel in favor of the more efficient technique of drawing key poses and letting lower-paid assistants sketch the poses. Disney asked Powers for an increase in payments for the cartoons.
Walt Disney | Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
Cartoon character Mickey Mouse, created in 1928 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks, is one of the world's most recognizable characters and serves as the company's official mascot.
The Walt Disney Company | Introduction
In 1928, to recover from the loss of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, Disney came up with the idea of a mouse character named Mortimer while on a train headed to California, drawing up a few simple drawings. The mouse was later renamed Mickey Mouse (Disney's wife, Lillian, disliked the sound of 'Mortimer Mouse') and starred in several Disney produced films. Ub Iwerks refined Disney's initial design of Mickey Mouse. Disney's first sound film "Steamboat Willie", a cartoon starring Mickey, was released on November 18, 1928 through Pat Powers' distribution company. It was the first Mickey Mouse sound cartoon released, but the third to be created, behind "Plane Crazy" and "The Gallopin' Gaucho".
The Walt Disney Company | 1928–1934: Mickey Mouse and "Silly Symphonies"
Mickey appeared primarily in short films, but also occasionally in feature-length films. Ten of Mickey's cartoons were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film, one of which, "Lend a Paw", won the award in 1942. In 1978, Mickey became the first cartoon character to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame and was included alongside Donald Duck in TV Guide's list of the 50 greatest cartoon characters of all time in 2002. Beginning in 1930, Mickey has also been featured extensively as a comic strip character. The "Mickey Mouse" comic strip, drawn primarily by Floyd Gottfredson, ran for 45 years.
Mickey Mouse | Introduction
Following the 1927 sensation "The Jazz Singer", Disney used synchronized sound on the third short, "Steamboat Willie", to create the first post-produced sound cartoon. After the animation was complete, Disney signed a contract with the former executive of Universal Pictures, Pat Powers, to use the "Powers Cinephone" recording system; Cinephone became the new distributor for Disney's early sound cartoons, which soon became popular. To improve the quality of the music, Disney hired the professional composer and arranger Carl Stalling, on whose suggestion the "Silly Symphony" series was developed, providing stories through the use of music; the first in the series, "The Skeleton Dance" (1929), was drawn and animated entirely by Iwerks.
Walt Disney | Creation of Mickey Mouse to the first Academy Awards: 1928–1933
He presented physical humor, used situations to his advantage, presented situational humor in general and frustration comedy best shown in the cartoon "The Mechanical Cow". He would make use of animal limbs to solve problems and even use his own limbs as props and gags. He could be squished as if he was made of rubber and could turn anything into tools. His distinct personality was inspired by Douglas Fairbanks for his courageous and adventurous attitude as seen in the cartoon short "Oh, What a Knight". In regards to Oswald's personality, Disney historian David Gerstein describes the difference between Mickey and Oswald: In order to make his Oswald cartoons look "real", Disney turned away from the styles of Felix the Cat, Koko the Clown and Krazy Kat and began emulating the camera angles, effects and editing of live-action films.
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit | Characteristics
Mickey is also seen wearing shoes for the first time, and as the years went by animators would change Mickey Mouse. In the first three Mickey Mouse shorts, he is a character meant to appeal to adult sensibilities; he smokes, drinks, and cavorts. Soon after Walt and his animators revised their star (for the first, but not for the last time), after which Mickey Mouse became the "wholesome" character designed to appeal to children and to please parents.
The Gallopin' Gaucho | Characters
Two different characters in Mickey's world carry the name Mortimer Mouse. One is the uncle of Minnie Mouse; another is an unrelated mouse who was Mickey's rival for Minnie's affections. Mickey Mouse himself was originally going to be named Mortimer. Lillian Disney, Walt's wife, suggested the name Mickey instead. The first Mortimer was created by Walt Disney and Floyd Gottfredson for the comics. He was Minnie Mouse's ranch-owning cattleman uncle. He first appeared in the serial "Mickey Mouse in Death Valley" (1930). After that, he appeared or was referenced in many other Mickey Mouse comic strip adventures in the 1930s.
Mickey Mouse universe | Mortimer Mouse
The films were "The Band Concert" (#3), "Steamboat Willie" (#13), "Brave Little Tailor" (#26), and "Clock Cleaners" (#27). On November 18, 1978, in honor of his 50th anniversary, Mickey became the first cartoon character to have a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. The star is located on 6925 Hollywood Blvd.
Mickey Mouse | Awards and honors
While Disney was finishing the remaining cartoons for Mintz, Disney and his staff secretly came up with a new cartoon character to replace Oswald—Mickey Mouse. The inspiration for Mickey has never been clear. Walt Disney said that he came up with the idea on the train ride back to Los Angeles shortly after the confrontation with Mintz, but other records say that he came up with the idea after he returned to the studio. Walt Disney once said that he was inspired by a pet mouse he once had at the old Laugh-O-Grams studio, but more commonly said that he chose a mouse because a mouse had never been the central character of a cartoon series before.
Golden age of American animation | Mickey Mouse
Laemmle selected Walter Lantz to produce the new series of Oswald shorts (the first of which was 1929's "Race Riot"). Lantz consulted Disney about Oswald and he gave Lantz his blessing to continue the Oswald series as the Mickey Mouse shorts had become more successful, so the two became close friends. Over the next decade, Lantz produced 142 Oswald cartoons, for a total of 194 films featuring the character, spanning the work of all three producers. After Lantz took over production in 1929, the character's look was changed to some degree over the following years: Oswald got white gloves on his hands, shoes on his feet, a shirt, a "cuter" face with larger eyes, a bigger head, and shorter ears.
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit | Universal takes direct control
He took art classes as a boy and got a job as a commercial illustrator at the age of 18. He moved to California in the early 1920s and set up the Disney Brothers Studio with his brother Roy. With Ub Iwerks, Walt developed the character Mickey Mouse in 1928, his first highly popular success; he also provided the voice for his creation in the early years. As the studio grew, Disney became more adventurous, introducing synchronized sound, full-color three-strip Technicolor, feature-length cartoons and technical developments in cameras. The results, seen in features such as "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937), "Pinocchio", "Fantasia" (both 1940), "Dumbo" (1941), and "Bambi" (1942), furthered the development of animated film.
Walt Disney | Introduction
The production company at the time, Winkler Pictures, gave additional input on the character’s design. In spring 1928, Disney was removed from the Oswald series, and much of his staff was hired away to Winkler Pictures. He promised to never again work with a character he did not own. Disney asked Iwerks, who stayed on, to start drawing up new character ideas. Iwerks tried sketches of frogs, dogs, and cats, but none of these appealed to Disney. A female cow and male horse were created at this time by Iwerks, but were also rejected. They later turned up as Clarabelle Cow and Horace Horsecollar.
Ub Iwerks | Career
Disney also appeared as himself in some early episodes. In later episodes, Disney was too busy to attend performances, and he was impersonated by announcer John Hiestand. Radio actor J. Donald Wilson provided the voice for one episode. Other Disney characters featured on the program were Donald Duck (Clarence Nash), Minnie Mouse (Thelma Boardman), Goofy (Stuart Buchanan) and Clara Cluck (Florence Gill).
The Mickey Mouse Theater of the Air | Production
Cartoon shorts were popular in movie theaters during this time. In the late 1920s, Walt Disney emerged. Mickey Mouse made his debut in "Steamboat Willie" on November 18, 1928, at the Colony Theater in New York City. Mickey was featured in more than 120 cartoon shorts, the Mickey Mouse Club, and other specials. This started Disney and led to creation of other characters going into the 1930s. Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, a character created by Disney, before Mickey, in 1927, was contracted by Universal for distribution purposes, and starred in a series of shorts between 1927 and 1928. Disney lost the rights to the character, but in 2006, regained the rights to Oswald.
Roaring Twenties | Cinema
Voice performer Clarence Nash auditioned for Walt Disney Studios when he learned that Disney was looking for people to create animal sounds for his cartoons. Disney was particularly impressed with Nash's duck imitation and chose him to voice the new character. Besides, during that period Mickey Mouse had lost some of his edge since becoming a role model towards children, and so Disney wanted to create a character to portray some of the more negative character traits that could no longer be bestowed on Mickey. Disney came up with Donald's iconic attributes including his short temper and his sailor suit (based on ducks and sailors both being associated with water).
Donald Duck | Origin
Mickey Mouse. An anthropomorphic mouse most often dressed in gloves, red shorts and yellow shoes. While typically given a modest and pleasant personality, he is often an enthusiastic and determined character, seeking new adventures, excitement and mysteries. He often serves as the de facto leader of his friends. He was introduced in 1928. Minnie Mouse. She is Mickey's female counterpart, an anthropomorphic mouse usually portrayed as his girlfriend who first appeared in 1928. Originally characterized as a flapper, Minnie has often played Mickey's damsel in distress. Her most frequent profession in early cartoons was a musician and songwriter. Goofy. He is Mickey's goofy but good-natured and well-meaning friend who was first introduced in 1932.
Mickey Mouse universe | Main characters
The character was created by director Frank Capra, chairman of the U.S. Army Air Force First Motion Picture Unit, and most were written by Theodor "Dr. Seuss" Geisel, Philip D. Eastman, and Munro Leaf. Although the United States Army gave Walt Disney the first crack at creating the cartoons, Leon Schlesinger of the Warner Bros. animation studio underbid Disney by two-thirds and won the contract. Disney had also demanded exclusive ownership of the character, and merchandising rights. The cartoons thus represented a multi-talent collaboration by some of America's best in their respective fields, a common occurrence in the war effort.
Private Snafu | Background
Winsor McCay's "Gertie the Dinosaur" (1914) is often considered the first example of true character animation. Later, Otto Messmer imbued Felix the Cat with an instantly recognizable personality during the 1920s. In the 1930s, Walt Disney made character animation a particular focus of his animation studio, best showcased in productions such as "Three Little Pigs" (1933), "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" (1937), "Pinocchio" (1940), and "Dumbo" (1941). "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs" was the "first full length animated and musical feature" in Technicolor. Disney animators such as Bill Tytla, Ub Iwerks, Grim Natwick, Fred Moore, Ward Kimball, Les Clark, John Sibley, Marc Davis, Wolfgang Reitherman, Hal King, Hamilton Luske, Norm Ferguson, Eric Larson, John Lounsbery, Milt Kahl, Joe Ranft, Frank Thomas and Ollie Johnston all became masters of the technique.
Character animation | Origins
Basil was first modeled on Bing Crosby, but the animators eventually took inspiration from Leslie Howard. Initially, Ratigan had been designed as thin, weasely, and ratlike. Following the screening of "Champagne for Caesar", Glen Keane noted that following the casting of Price, "[h]is expressive voice and attitude inspired us to further redesign the character." Additionally, during one story meeting, Glen Keane decided to base the stature of Ratigan on then-Disney CEO Ron Miller, who was a 6'6" former football player for the Los Angeles Rams. Furthermore, Keane lifted his personality as he was thumbing through these "photographs of people of London in the 1800s, of railroad men, and there was this one guy smoking a cigar—he had a top hat and there was just something about this guy—this Ratigan ...
The Great Mouse Detective | Animation
In 1925, Hugh Harman drew images of mice on a portrait of Walt Disney, a reminder of Disney's fondness for the rodents living at the Laugh-O-Gram Studio in Kansas City, Missouri. Disney and Ub Iwerks would then use it as inspiration for their creating Mickey Mouse, the character who eventually established Disney as a major figure in Hollywood, also sparking a wave of "clones" at competing studios. Comics historian Don Markstein, calling Warner Bros. animator Rudolf Ising's subsequent Foxy "perhaps the leading Mickey Mouse imitator", observed that,
Foxy (Merrie Melodies) | Concept and creation
By colorizing and partially redesigning Mickey, Walt would put Mickey back on top once again, and Mickey would reach popularity he never reached before as audiences now gave him more appeal. Also in 1935, Walt would receive a special award from the League of Nations for creating Mickey. However, by 1938, the more manic Donald Duck would surpass the passive Mickey, resulting in a redesign of the mouse between 1938 and 1940 that put Mickey at the peak of his popularity. The second half of the 1930s saw the character Goofy reintroduced as a series regular. Together, Mickey, Donald Duck, and Goofy would go on several adventures together.
Mickey Mouse | Color films (1935–1953)
Director Chuck Jones created Sniffles as a potential new star for the studio in 1939. The character was designed by Disney veteran Charles Thorson, an old hand at designing cute characters for Disney's "Silly Symphonies". Thorson's design was highly derivative of a character he had designed for Disney, the country mouse from the Oscar-winning short "The Country Cousin" (1936). Both the country mouse and Sniffles are, in a word, cute. Sniffles' head is almost as large as his body, which allows his infant-like face to dominate his look. He has large, baby-like eyes, a small bewhiskered nose, and a perpetual smile.
Sniffles | Character biography
Horace Horsecollar is a cartoon character created in 1929 at Walt Disney Animation Studios. Horace is a tall anthropomorphic black horse and is one of Mickey Mouse's best friends. Characterized as a cheerful know-it-all, Horace helped Mickey on his sleuthing expeditions in the comics before Goofy assumed that role. Horace most commonly appears as a funny animal, although a common gag in his early appearances was his ability to change at will from being a normal horse to a more human-like character. Horace first appeared as Mickey's plow horse in the 1929 cartoon "The Plowboy". Later that same year, he appeared in "The Jazz Fool" and afterwards became a regular member of the Disney supporting cast along with Clarabelle Cow, Clara Cluck and other minor characters.
Horace Horsecollar | Introduction
While under Disney's creative control, Oswald was one of the first cartoon characters that had personality. As outlined by Walt himself: "Hereafter we will aim to [make] Oswald a younger character, peppy, alert, saucy and venturesome, keeping him also neat and trim." With Oswald, Disney began to explore the concept of "personality animation", in which cartoon characters were defined as individuals through their movements, mannerisms and acting, instead of simply through their design. Around this period, Disney had expressed, "I want the characters to be somebody. I don't want them just to be a drawing." Not only were gags used, but his humor differed in terms of what he used to make people laugh.
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit | Characteristics
Also, in "House of Genius", Ludwig creates robot duplicates of Mickey, Minnie, Donald, Daisy, Goofy, and Pluto. At the end, when Ludwig brings in a robot duplicate of himself, Mickey tells the robot to send the real Ludwig packing. In "Mickey Mouse Clubhouse" he is a major recurring character, often helping the protagonists, or asking for help himself.
Ludwig Von Drake | Cartoon appearances (1980s–present)
In later interviews, Iwerks would comment that Mickey as featured in "The Gallopin' Gaucho" was intended to be a swashbuckler, an adventurer modeled after Fairbanks himself. Later audiences would comment on all three early versions of Mickey Mouse characters as seeming to come out of rough, lower class backgrounds that little resemble the later versions of Mickey Mouse. The feature characters of "The Gallopin' Gaucho" were obscure. When the cartoon starts Mickey and Minnie have the same eyes as they have in "Plane Crazy", but in the middle of the movie they suddenly have the dot eyes from "Steamboat Willie".
The Gallopin' Gaucho | Characters
Several of the films by the comic trio are some of Mickey's most critically acclaimed films, including "Mickey's Fire Brigade" (1935), "Moose Hunters" (1937), "Clock Cleaners" (1937), "Lonesome Ghosts" (1937), "Boat Builders" (1938), and "Mickey's Trailer" (1938). Also during this era, Mickey would star in "Brave Little Tailor" (1938), an adaptation of "The Valiant Little Tailor", which was nominated for an Academy Award. Mickey was redesigned by animator Fred Moore which was first seen in "The Pointer" (1939). Instead of having solid black eyes, Mickey was given white eyes with pupils, a Caucasian skin colored face, and a pear-shaped body.
Mickey Mouse | Color films (1935–1953)
In the 1940s, he changed once more in "The Little Whirlwind", where he used his trademark pants for the last time in decades, lost his tail, got more realistic ears that changed with perspective and a different body anatomy. But this change would only last for a short period of time before returning to the one in ""The Pointer"", with the exception of his pants. In his final theatrical cartoons in the 1950s, he was given eyebrows, which were removed in the more recent cartoons.
Mickey Mouse | Color films (1935–1953)
The series had a wide variety of interesting characters, many of which were created by Fontaine Fox. The characters lived in a town known as Toonerville.
Mickey McGuire (film series) | Cast and characters
To learn how to base gags on personality and how to build comic routines, rather than heaping one gag after another, he studied Laurel and Hardy, Harold Lloyd, Charlie Chaplin and Buster Keaton. In order to stir emotion in an audience, Disney studied and scrutinized the shadow effects, cross-cutting and staging of action in films featuring Douglas Fairbanks and Lon Chaney.
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit | Characteristics
It ended in 2018. The character of Mickey Mouse appeared in every show, not only in vintage cartoons originally made for theatrical release, but also in the opening, interstitial, and closing segments made especially for the show. In both the vintage cartoons and new animated segments, Mickey was voiced by his creator Walt Disney. (Disney had previously voiced the character theatrically from 1928 to 1947 before being replaced by sound effects artist Jimmy MacDonald.)
The Mickey Mouse Club | Introduction
His mother also changed her surname to McGuire in an attempt to bolster the argument, but the film producers lost. The litigation settlement awarded damages to the owners of the cartoon character, as well as compelled the twelve-year-old actor to refrain from calling himself by the name Mickey McGuire on and off screen. Rooney later claimed that, during his Mickey McGuire days, he met cartoonist Walt Disney at the Warner Brothers studio, and that Disney was inspired to name Mickey Mouse after him, although Disney always said that he had changed the name from "Mortimer Mouse" to "Mickey Mouse" on the suggestion of his wife.
Mickey McGuire (film series) | Introduction
Ub Iwerks eventually got inspiration from an old drawing. In 1925, Hugh Harman drew some sketches of mice around a photograph of Walt Disney. Then, on a train ride back from a failed business meeting, Walt Disney came up with the original sketch for the character that was eventually called Mickey Mouse. Afterward, Disney took the sketch to Iwerks. In turn, he drew a more clean-cut and refined version of Mickey, but one that still followed the original sketch.
Ub Iwerks | Career
Pete (also called Peg-Leg Pete, Pistol Pete and Black Pete, among other names) is a cartoon character created in 1925 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks. He is a character of The Walt Disney Company and often appears as a nemesis and the main antagonist in Mickey Mouse universe stories. He was originally an anthropomorphic bear but with the advent of Mickey Mouse in 1928, he was defined as a cat. Pete is the oldest continuing Disney character, having debuted three years before Mickey Mouse in the cartoon "Alice Solves the Puzzle" (1925). Pete was not named in the first year of Mickey Mouse cartoons but was given the name Peg-Leg Pete in 1930.
Pete (Disney) | Introduction
In his career Scarpa created many Disney characters that are now accepted by some as part of the Disney Universe. Those include, but are not limited to:
Romano Scarpa | Disney characters created by Romano Scarpa
Unfortunately for Walt, not enough money was coming in, which lead to many of his employees quitting his company, and forcing him to declare bankruptcy. He moved to Hollywood and started the Disney Brothers Studio. In 1927, Walt created a new character called "Oswald the Lucky Rabbit", which also became popular. However, the distributor he was working with at the time, Charles Mintz, hired all of Walt’s animation employees and told him that he had no rights to Oswald, because the cartoon was not copyrighted under Walt’s name. After, Walt, his brother Roy O. Disney, and Ub Iwerks, came together to create all new characters, all of which Walt was going to make sure he owned.
The Art of Walt Disney | Background of Disney and His Art
In Mickey's early films he was often characterized not as a hero, but as an ineffective young suitor to Minnie Mouse. "The Barn Dance" (March 14, 1929) is the first time in which Mickey is turned down by Minnie in favor of Pete. "The Opry House" (March 28, 1929) was the first time in which Mickey wore his white gloves. Mickey wears them in almost all of his subsequent appearances and many other characters followed suit. The three lines on the back of Mickey's gloves represent darts in the gloves' fabric extending from between the digits of the hand, typical of glove design of the era.
Mickey Mouse | Black and white films (1929–1935)
One way the comics writers explained this discrepancy was to present the characters as "real" cartoon characters who are employed by Disney as actors. Walter J. Ong in his cultural research of Mickey Mouse and Americanism also agreed with this opinion. In short, characters are more human-likely but less animal features in their characteristics. This understanding of the characters leading separate lives was welcomed by Walt Disney who when asked whether or not Mickey and Minnie were married, replied that the mice were indeed married in their "private lives", but that they sometimes appear as boyfriend and girlfriend for "screen purposes." Also, in the World War II propaganda film "The New Spirit" (1942), Donald Duck fills out his income tax and lists his occupation as "actor", and the film "" (2004) includes a DVD bonus feature of the characters reminiscing on their experience filming the movie.
Mickey Mouse universe | Continuity development
Birnkrant was born and raised in Detroit following World War II, the son of a wealthy Jewish real estate mogul. By the time he was in sixth grade, he had grown to 6' 4" and weighed 260 lbs, making it difficult, despite his wishes, for him not to stand out. In the 1950s, Birnkrant began collecting toys of primarily pre-World War II comics characters, beginning with a Mickey Mouse bank he found at a flea market in Paris, France. From that point he began to amass a collection of toys. He is drawn to the forms of the characters rather than their stories or personalities: "Mickey Mouse only interests me as three circles.
Mel Birnkrant | Personal history
It represented Mickey's first actual appearance in a feature film, but was removed from the film upon its release to television. Mickey's appearance was intended to be used as a way to segue to the short, but the scene was subject to a series of re-writes as at this point in time Mickey Mouse shorts were built around "visual, rather than verbal, humor". The script went through so many re-writes that the scene's production took far less time to animate than it did to write. Scriptwriting for the scene began in May 1933 and was completed around late September 1933.
The Hot Choc-late Soldiers | Production
In the 1940s Oswald began to lose popularity. Lantz and his staff worked on several ideas for possible new cartoon characters (among them Meany, Miny, and Moe and Baby-Face Mouse). Eventually one of these characters clicked; his name was Andy Panda, who aired in Technicolor. However successful Andy was, it was not until the character's fifth cartoon, "Knock Knock" that a real breakthrough character was introduced. This was none other than Woody Woodpecker, who become Lantz's most successful creation. Due to negotiation issues between Lantz and Universal Studios (renamed as Universal-International), Lantz withdrawals from his parent company and contracted to distribute shorts under United Artists between 1947 and 1949.
Golden age of American animation | New Stars and <a href="United%20Artists">United Artists</a>
This short is notable as the first to depict Mickey as a soldier and the first to place him in combat. The physical examination scene has since often been edited out, as being somewhat disturbing. However, modern viewers have often pointed to this scene as being the most memorable of the short. There was a precedent in Disney's cartoons for sending the main character to war: Julius the Cat calls an army together in the 1926 Alice Comedies short "Alice's Little Parade", and Oswald the Lucky Rabbit goes to war in the 1927 cartoon "Great Guns!" The mouse officer shouting "Company, forward march!" is the first character in the "Mickey Mouse" cartoons to speak a full sentence.
The Barnyard Battle | Production
The following is a list of fictional characters from Disney's 2014 feature film adaptation of "Big Hero 6", as well as its follow-up television show "", based on characters created by Steven T. Seagle and Duncan Rouleau (credited to Man of Action) and published by Marvel Comics. While the titular characters originated from Marvel Comics, their characterizations and supporting cast were newly invented by Disney, making their appearance a radical departure from the source material.
List of Disney's Big Hero 6 characters | Introduction
Williams was born in Colville, Washington and raised in Los Angeles, where he attended Fremont High School. After graduating, he was hired as an artist by Walt Disney in 1930. He worked on animated shorts while attending Chouinard Art Institute at night. He later also developed story ideas for Disney. He also designed over 100 insignias for the U.S. armed forces during World War II, and is credited with designing the mouse ears worn on the "Mickey Mouse Club". Williams also produced one-panel gag cartoons for "The New Yorker", "Saturday Evening Post", and other magazines. Disney director Jack Kinney described Williams as a "big fat balding hot-headed unpredictable bastard", but hugely admired his prolific talent, saying that he could "sit down and grunt out a few pounds of gags as if it were nothing".
Roy Williams (artist) | Early life and career
In 1941, the fictional elephant Dumbo from the Disney movie of the same name was selected to be "Mammal of the Year", and a cover was created showing Dumbo in a formal portrait style. However, the attack on Pearl Harbor on December 7 pre-empted the cover. The U.S. president Franklin Delano Roosevelt was named Man of the Year for a record third time, although Dumbo's Mammal of the Year profile still appeared on the inside pages of the magazine. Film-maker Michael Moore claims that director Mel Gibson cost him the opportunity to be Person of the Year alongside Gibson in 2004.
Time Person of the Year | Withdrawn selections
While striking the deal, the 19-year old Disney forgot to include a profit margin, but he was happy that someone paid for his "experiment" and gained local renown from the screenings. Disney also created his first recurring character, Professor Whosis, appearing in humorous public announcements for Newman. Disney and Harman started their own Kaycee Studio on the side, experimenting with films played backwards, but their efforts to make money with commercials and newsreel footage were not very fruitful and Harman left in 1922. Through a newspaper ad, Disney "hired" Rudolph Ising in exchange for teaching him the ins and outs of animation.
History of animation | Early Disney: Laugh-O-Grams, Alice, Oswald and Mickey
Her film career includes work as an ink artist on the film "Plane Crazy". Disney is credited with having named her husband's most famous character, Mickey Mouse, during a train trip from New York to California in 1928. Walt showed a drawing of the cartoon mouse to his wife and told her that he was going to name it "Mortimer Mouse." Disney replied that the name sounded "too depressing" and she was very proud to have suggested the name "Mickey Mouse" instead of Mortimer. At the Carolwood Pacific Railroad, Walt Disney named his 1:8-scale live steam locomotive the "Lilly Belle" in his wife's honor.
Lillian Disney | Recognition
The bravado filled Mickey of the early shorts would not have worked in this cartoon, but Mickey as the hapless fire chief works really well... Mickey’s personality is great in this as well, showing his frustration with the hydrant or the fear of whether he’ll be able to save Minnie or not. He really is a character here, not just a collection of drawings, and that’s the way he's been evolving throughout this period." "Motion Picture News" (Nov 15, 1930): "Here's another reason why the Mickey Mouse comedies maintain their lead in the comedy field, even though the public is pretty much fed on some of the repetitious stuff in cartoons generally.
The Fire Fighters (1930 film) | Reception
Goofy first appeared in "Mickey's Revue", first released on May 25, 1932. Directed by Wilfred Jackson this short movie features Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Horace Horsecollar and Clarabelle Cow performing another song and dance show. Mickey and his gang's animated shorts by this point routinely featured song and dance numbers. It begins as a typical Mickey cartoon of the time, but what would set this short apart from all that had come before was the appearance of a new character, whose behavior served as a running gag. Dippy Dawg, as he was named by Disney artists (Frank Webb), was a member of the audience.
Goofy | Early years
Disney refused, and as Universal owned the rights to "Oswald" rather than Disney, Mintz set up his own animation studio to produce "Oswald" cartoons. Most of Disney's staff was hired away by Mintz to move over, once Disney's "Oswald" contract was done in mid-1928. Working in secret while the rest of the staff finished the remaining "Oswalds" on contract, Disney and his head animator Ub Iwerks led a small handful of loyal staffers in producing cartoons starring a new character named Mickey Mouse. The first two "Mickey Mouse" cartoons, "Plane Crazy" and "The Galloping Gaucho", were previewed in limited engagements during the summer of 1928.
Walt Disney Animation Studios | 1923–1929: Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio
He was the first Disney character to be merchandised.
Roaring Twenties | Cinema
Minnie's early personality is cute, playful, musical and flirtatious. She often portrays an entertainer like a dancer or a musician whose affection Mickey is trying to win. Part of the comedy of these early shorts is the varying degree of success Mickey has in wooing Minnie. Unlike later cartoons after the redesign, Minnie often becomes a damsel in distress whom Mickey tries to rescue. She is also subject to a lot of slapstick and rubber hose animation gags. Over the course of the 1930s, Minnie's and Mickey's relationship solidified and they eventually became a steady couple.
Minnie Mouse | Origins of the character
He was caricatured in the Disney cartoons "Mickey's Gala Premiere" (1933), "Mother Goose Goes Hollywood" (1938), and "The Autograph Hound" (1939); all contain a scene in which he is seen laughing so loud that his mouth opens extremely wide. According to the official biography "Daws Butler: Characters Actor", Daws Butler used Joe E. Brown as inspiration for the voices of two Hanna-Barbera cartoon characters: Lippy the Lion (1962) and Peter Potamus (19631966).
Joe E. Brown | In popular culture
"When the Cat's Away" (April 18, 1929), essentially a remake of the "Alice Comedy", "Alice Rattled by Rats", was an unusual appearance for Mickey. Although Mickey and Minnie still maintained their anthropomorphic characteristics, they were depicted as the size of regular mice and living with a community of many other mice as pests in a home. Mickey and Minnie would later appear the size of regular humans in their own setting. In appearances with real humans, Mickey has been shown to be about two to three feet high. The next Mickey short was also unusual. "The Barnyard Battle" (April 25, 1929) was the only film to depict Mickey as a soldier and also the first to place him in combat.
Mickey Mouse | Black and white films (1929–1935)
Played by: Archie Hahn
List of Police Academy characters | Mouse
Moore was born in Los Angeles and is best known for being the resident specialist in the animation of Mickey Mouse. He is most notable for redesigning the character in 1938 for his landmark role in ""The Sorcerer's Apprentice"" in "Fantasia", a look which remains Mickey's official look to this day. His animation of the earlier Mickey design was especially memorable in the 1938 short "Brave Little Tailor", the last significant appearance of the "pie-eyed" Mickey. Moore's other significant work at the studio included "The Three Little Pigs", on which he was the principal animator; animation supervision of the dwarfs in "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs"; most of Lampwick in "Pinocchio" (all of the poolroom scene and until halfway through his transformation to a donkey); and Timothy the mouse in "Dumbo".
Fred Moore (animator) | Early life and career beginnings
Goofy is a funny animal cartoon character created in 1932 at Walt Disney Productions. Goofy is a tall, anthropomorphic dog who typically wears a turtle neck and vest, with pants, shoes, white gloves, and a tall hat originally designed as a rumpled fedora. Goofy is a close friend of Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck. He is normally characterized as hopelessly clumsy and dim-witted, yet this interpretation is not always definitive; occasionally Goofy is shown as intuitive and clever, albeit in his own unique, eccentric way. Goofy debuted in animated cartoons, starting in 1932 with "Mickey's Revue" as Dippy Dawg, who is older than Goofy would come to be.
Goofy | Introduction
In "The Simpsons Movie", Bart Simpson puts a black bra on his head to mimic Mickey Mouse and says: "I'm the mascot of an evil corporation!" On the Comedy Central series "South Park", Mickey is depicted as the sadistic, greedy, foul-mouthed boss of The Walt Disney Company, only interested in money. He also appears briefly with Donald Duck in the comic "Squeak the Mouse" by the Italian cartoonist Massimo Mattioli. Horst Rosenthal created a comic book, "Mickey au Camp de Gurs" ("Mickey Mouse in the Gurs Internment Camp") while detained in the Gurs internment camp during the Second World War; he added "Publié Sans Autorisation de Walt Disney" ("Published without Walt Disney's Permission") to the front cover.
Mickey Mouse | Parodies and criticism
Some animation historians claim that Ub Iwerks created Mickey and he should be the one to receive credit for the creation of Mickey Mouse. In 1928, "Plane Crazy" became the first entry into the Mickey Mouse series; however, it was not released because of a poor reaction from test screenings and failed to gain a distributor. The second Mickey Mouse cartoon "The Gallopin' Gaucho" also failed to gain the attention of the audience and a distributor. Disney knew what was missing: sound. Sound film had been captivating audiences since 1927 with "The Jazz Singer" and Walt decided that the next cartoon "Steamboat Willie" would have sound.
Golden age of American animation | Mickey Mouse
Though a 1931 Disney publication called "Mickey Mouse Annual" mentioned a character named Donald Duck, the character's first appearance in comic strip format was the 1934 "Silly Symphony" comic strip sequence based on the short "The Wise Little Hen". For the next few years, Donald made a few more appearances in Disney-themed strips, and by 1936, he had grown to be one of the main characters in the "Silly Symphony" strip. Ted Osborne was the primary writer of these strips, with Al Taliaferro as his artist. Osborne and Taliaferro also introduced several members of Donald's supporting cast, including his nephews, Huey, Dewey, and Louie.
Donald Duck | Early development
Mickey Rat (an obvious parody of Mickey Mouse) was created by Armstrong in 1971 as a character on a T-shirt. The popularity of the character led to him appearing in comics, which were initially scripted by Chester C. Crill. Mickey's first appearance was "L.A. Comics" #1 (published by the Los Angeles Comic Book Company in December 1971). Mickey was "sleazy, opportunistic, capable of just about any foul deed, but also shallow, one-dimensional, and incapable of growth or subtlety. He seems to have had little in the way of motivation, beyond his creators' desire to make him the opposite of the other Mickey in every possible way." "Mickey Rat" #1 came out in 1972, also scripted by Crill and illustrated by Amstrong, and published by the Los Angeles Comic Book Company.
Robert Armstrong (cartoonist) | Mickey Rat and other comics work
"Willie" featured changes to Mickey's appearance (in particular, simplifying his eyes to large dots) that established his look for later cartoons and in numerous Walt Disney films.
Mickey Mouse | Debut (1928)
Hannah was born on January 5, 1913, in Nogales, Arizona. He moved to Los Angeles in 1931 to study at the Art Guild Academy. One of his first jobs was designing movie posters for Hollywood theaters. In 1933, during the Great Depression, Hannah dropped off his portfolio at Walt Disney Studios, and soon afterward was hired as an in-between and clean-up artist, working on Mickey Mouse, Donald Duck, and Silly Symphony cartoons. Hannah's career as an animator commenced with the short "Modern Inventions" (released on May 29, 1937). After thirteen films in that capacity, he was assigned to the story department writing cartoon short continuities, beginning with "Donald's Nephews" (released on April 15, 1938).
Jack Hannah | Biography
Spencer joined Walt Disney Productions in 1931 and first worked on several early "Mickey Mouse" cartoons. In 1932 he began independently producing a two-tier Mickey Mouse comic strip, even though he was not connected with the comics department at Disney. The studio approved the project and the strip appeared in the national DeMolay newsletter. The character Donald Duck was introduced at Disney in 1934, and Spencer began to focus more on Donald than on Mickey. In 1935 Spencer wrote an analysis of Donald which served as the standard for writing for, drawing, and animating the character. Spencer's model sheets included in the report feature a redesigned version of Donald that was shorter and rounder – largely identical to his appearance today.
Fred Spencer | Career
Jack Kinney was born on March 29, 1909 in Utah. He attended John Muir Junior High School in Los Angeles, California (1925), and John C. Fremont High School (1926 - 1928), at the latter with Roy Williams. Both Fremont football players, they would later be hired by Walt Disney in 1930 to work at the Walt Disney Studio on Hyperion Avenue. Often referring to himself as Kinney's best friend, Williams would go on to star as the "Big Mooseketeer" with head Mouseketeer Jimmie Dodd on the classic 1950s television program, "The Mickey Mouse Club" (1955–1958).
Jack Kinney | Early life
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit (also known as Oswald the Rabbit or Oswald Rabbit) is a cartoon character created in 1927 by Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks for Universal Pictures. He starred in several animated short films released to theaters from 1927 to 1938. 27 animated Oswald shorts were produced at the Walt Disney Studio. When the Disney studio was removed from the Oswald series and several of its animators departed to Winkler, Walt Disney and Iwerks created Mickey Mouse. In 2003, Buena Vista Games pitched a concept for an Oswald-themed video game to Disney President and COO Bob Iger, who became committed to acquiring the rights to Oswald.
Oswald the Lucky Rabbit | Introduction
Mickey first appeared in comics after he had appeared in 15 commercially successful animated shorts and was easily recognized by the public. Walt Disney was approached by King Features Syndicate with the offer to license Mickey and his supporting characters for use in a comic strip. Disney accepted and "Mickey Mouse" made its first appearance on January 13, 1930. The comical plot was credited to Disney himself, art to Ub Iwerks and inking to Win Smith. The first week or so of the strip featured a loose adaptation of ""Plane Crazy"". Minnie soon became the first addition to the cast.
Mickey Mouse | Comics
Born in New York City, New York, Grant worked for Walt Disney Animation Studios as a character designer and story artist beginning in 1933 on the Mickey Mouse short, "Mickey's Gala Premier". He created the Evil Queen in "Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs". He led the development of "Pinocchio" and co-wrote "Fantasia" and "Dumbo". During World War II, Grant worked on war cartoons including the Oscar-winning "Der Fuehrer's Face". Grant was Jewish, and rigorously denied rumors that Walt Disney was anti-Semitic claiming "As far as I'm concerned, there was no evidence of anti-Semitism...I think the whole idea should be put to rest and buried deep.
Joe Grant | Biography
In the film, the characters are all animals—pigs, dogs, mice, etc.—that attend the college. There is also the hippo, who loses the game of American football. Milton and Rita Mouse do not appear in this cartoon due to a lawsuit agreement with Disney that Van Beuren would no longer use the characters.
College Capers | Characters
Minnie was initially created to be the love interest of Mickey Mouse; concept art for Mickey showed a female mouse alongside him. Minnie was designed in the fashion of a flapper girl. Her main outfit consisted of a short flapper girl dress that often revealed her distinctive patched knickers. In the 1929 cartoon "The Karnival Kid", it was also revealed that she wears black stockings which were also fashionable among flapper girls. Her shoes are probably her most distinctive article of clothing. For comedic effect, she wears oversized high heeled pumps that are too big for her feet. Her heels often slip out of her shoes, and she even loses her shoes completely in "The Gallopin' Gaucho".
Minnie Mouse | Origins of the character
"Brave Little Tailor" was a 1938 short featuring Mickey and Minnie Mouse. Tytla animated the giant who was as dumb as he was huge. The character "became the model for all giants throughout the industry from gags to personality," according to Johnston and Thomas. The short was nominated for the Academy Award for Animated Short Film of 1939. But it lost to "Ferdinand the Bull", another Disney short, directed by Dick Rickard, animated by Milt Kahl and Ward Kimball. Early in 1938, Tytla animated Yen Sid, the old magician in ""The Sorcerer's Apprentice"", which would eventually become a segment in "Fantasia".
Bill Tytla | Continued Disney career
Mickey's Revue is a 1932 Walt Disney cartoon, directed by Wilfred Jackson, which features Mickey Mouse, Minnie Mouse, Horace Horsecollar and Clarabelle Cow performing a song and dance show. It was the 41st Mickey Mouse film, the fifth of that year. A yokel in the audience laughs uproariously at every act; the character would soon be known as Dippy Dawg, and would eventually become a major supporting character, Goofy. Pinto Colvig's memorable "witless laugh" could be heard in the previous Mickey Mouse cartoon, "The Barnyard Olympics", but this is the first time the character can be seen on screen.
Mickey's Revue | Introduction
In 1928 Walter Lantz replaced Charles Mintz as producer of Universal Studios cartoons. Lantz's main character at this time was Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, whose earlier cartoons had been produced by both Walt Disney and Charles Mintz. Lantz also started to experiment with color cartoons, and the first one, called Jolly Little Elves, was released in 1934. In 1935 Lantz made his studio independent from Universal Studios, and Universal Studios was now only the distributors of his cartoons, instead of the direct owners. After seeing Disney's success of their first film Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Lantz planned to produce a full-length animation film based on the story Aladdin, and should’ve starred the famous comedy duo Abbot and Costello.
Golden age of American animation | Beginnings
The Sleuth, Sureluck Sleuth in full, is an anthropomorphic canine. He is an English private eye operating in 19th century London and employing Mickey Mouse as an assistant. The character was created by Carl Fallberg (plot) and Al Hubbard (art) for the Disney Studio Program and intended solely for foreign publication. The first story in the series is ""Mickey and the Sleuth: The Case of the Wax Dummy"". Unusually for material created for the program this story appeared domestically in the Procter & Gamble "Disney Magazine" giveaway and then was published by Gold Key in ""Walt Disney Showcase"" n°38 (1977).
Mickey Mouse universe | The Sleuth
are the expressions on Mickey's face. He goes from annoyance at a heckler, to passion for his playing to happiness at a job well done from moment to moment, with natural transitions, not just jumping from expression to expression... I can imagine the animators took this as a challenge to create a new range of expressions and emotions through Mickey."" "The Film Daily" (June 8, 1930): ""Good Cartoon: As a violin virtuoso, Mickey Mouse has plenty of trouble with broken strings and a tough audience that includes one guy who keeps giving him the horse laugh. But Mickey's acrobatic manipulation of his instrument, with which he promotes plenty of comedy as well as music, puts him over for an encore.
Just Mickey | Reception
The Mickey Mouse universe essentially originated with the debut of Mickey himself in "Plane Crazy" (1928). Although Mickey's stories included the character Pete, who was created in 1925, the world in which Mickey lives holds a continuity largely independent from earlier films. An exception to this was the reintroduction of Oswald the Lucky Rabbit in 2010 with the release of "Epic Mickey". In 1930, Disney began a "Mickey Mouse" comic strip which greatly expanded Mickey's world. The stories then became a work of collaborative fiction with different writers working in different mediums. This sometimes caused continuity discrepancies. For example, while Mickey and his friends largely live in the same contemporary setting, they sometimes appear in exotic settings including period pieces ("Brave Little Tailor", "The Nifty Nineties") and fantasy films ("Fantasia", "Fun and Fancy Free").
Mickey Mouse universe | Continuity development
Sewell was one of the few employees who stayed after the loss of Oswald. After losing Oswald, Disney created the idea for a cartoon character known as Mickey Mouse. The first Mickey Mouse cartoon was created by a small group of Disney employees. Sewell, Bounds, and Edna Disney were responsible for inking and painting the cels used for the first Mickey Mouse cartoon ever created. The cartoon was titled "Plane Crazy" and it was released in 1928. While "Plane Crazy" struggled to achieve success, the creation of Mickey Mouse led to the release of more cartoons, such as "Steamboat Willie", that performed successfully.
Hazel Sewell | Career
Gottfredson originally wrote and drew the "Mickey Mouse" strip by himself, but pulled back in 1932 to plotting the stories and doing the penciling, while the dialogue was mostly done by other hands. The stories were always untitled; titles were usually assigned later, when the strips were reprinted in picture books or comic books. Scripts were written by Webb Smith (1932-33), Ted Osborne (1933–38), Merrill De Maris (1933–42), Dick Shaw (1942–43), Bill Walsh (1943–64), Roy Williams (1962-69) and Del Connell (1968–88). Even so, Gottfredson always worked closely with his writers, and would often suggest changes in the scripts whenever he thought it would improve a story.
Mickey Mouse (comic strip) | Creators
Carl started working at Disney Studios in 1935. During the beginning of his career at Disney he worked as an assistant director and storyman on the Disney animated features Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs, Fantasia, and Bambi. Carl moved to working on Disney comic books for Dell Publishing, and was noteworthy for scripting most of the Mickey Mouse serials illustrated by Paul Murry that appeared in "Walt Disney's Comics and Stories" from the early 1950s to 1973. He also specialized in creating colorful characters inhabiting the various exotic locales that often reflected his love of railroads. This provided narrative interest that compensated for the generally bland personality Mickey Mouse had during this period.
Carl Fallberg | Disney
Charles Mintz was unhappy with the production costs on Walt Disney and Ub Iwerks's "Alice Comedies", and asked the two to develop a new character. The result was Oswald the Lucky Rabbit, the first animated character for Universal Pictures. In February 1928, when the character proved more successful than expected, Mintz hired away all of Disney's animators except Iwerks, who refused to leave Disney, and moved the production of the Oswald cartoons to his new Winkler Studio, along with Margaret Winkler's brother, George. After losing the Oswald contract to Walter Lantz, Mintz focused on the "Krazy Kat" series, which was the output of a Winkler-distributed property.
Charles Mintz | Career
Walter Elias Disney (; December 5, 1901December 15, 1966) was an American entrepreneur, animator, writer, voice actor and film producer. A pioneer of the American animation industry, he introduced several developments in the production of cartoons. As a film producer, Disney holds the record for most Academy Awards earned by an individual, having won 22 Oscars from 59 nominations. He was presented with two Golden Globe Special Achievement Awards and an Emmy Award, among other honors. Several of his films are included in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress. Born in Chicago in 1901, Disney developed an early interest in drawing.
Walt Disney | Introduction
He appeared frequently in cartoons from 1930 to 1932 and less frequently afterward, making his last appearance in the original run of Disney shorts in 1942. The name of Horace's voice actor in the original shorts is unknown. In his earliest incarnation, Horace was presented as Mickey Mouse's four-legged plow horse. He could walk upright on his hind legs, at which time his forelegs became gloved hands; at other times, he got back down on all fours and reverted to form. Horace mostly played bit-parts in the over 30 films in which he appeared. Like Goofy in his early "Dippy Dawg" appearances, Horace's body seemed to be formed of rubber tubing.
Horace Horsecollar | In animation
Mickey Mouse has received ten nominations for the Academy Award for Best Animated Short Film. These are "Mickey's Orphans" (1931), "Building a Building" (1933), "Brave Little Tailor" (1938), "The Pointer" (1939), "Lend a Paw" (1941), "Squatter's Rights" (1946), "Mickey and the Seal" (1948), "Mickey's Christmas Carol" (1983), "Runaway Brain" (1995), and "Get a Horse!" (2013). Among these, "Lend a Paw" was the only film to actually win the award. Additionally, in 1932 Walt Disney received an honorary Academy Award in recognition of Mickey's creation and popularity. In 1994, four of Mickey's cartoons were included in the book "The 50 Greatest Cartoons" which listed the greatest cartoons of all time as voted by members of the animation field.
Mickey Mouse | Awards and honors
After the demise of the "Alice" comedies, Disney developed an all-cartoon series starring a character named Oswald the Lucky Rabbit. The series was produced by Winkler Pictures and distributed by Universal Pictures. Universal owned Oswald, so Disney only made a few hundred dollars. Disney completed 27 "Oswald" shorts before losing the contract in March 1928, when Winkler head Charles Mintz hired away four of Disney's primary animators (the exception being Ub Iwerks) to start his own animation studio, Snappy Comedies.
The Walt Disney Company | 1923–1928: Founding and silent film era
Walt Disney's cartoon character Mickey Mouse entered a decline in popularity in the mid-1930s. Disney devised a comeback appearance for Mickey in 1936 with "The Sorcerer's Apprentice", a more elaborate edition of the animated "Silly Symphonies" series set to the music of "The Sorcerer's Apprentice" by Paul Dukas. Disney met conductor Leopold Stokowski in late 1937 at Chasen's, a noted Hollywood restaurant, and Stokowski agreed to conduct the piece at no cost. Stokowski was an enthusiast for new and improved methods of sound reproduction and had already participated in experimental stereophonic sound recordings in 1931 and 1932, and a live, long distance demonstration of multi-channel sound a year later.
Fantasound | Origins
The following are characters from Disney's 1950 film "Cinderella" and its sequels.
List of Disney's Cinderella characters | Introduction