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The pipeline tag "text2text-generation" is not in the official list: text-classification, token-classification, table-question-answering, question-answering, zero-shot-classification, translation, summarization, feature-extraction, text-generation, fill-mask, sentence-similarity, text-to-speech, text-to-audio, automatic-speech-recognition, audio-to-audio, audio-classification, audio-text-to-text, voice-activity-detection, depth-estimation, image-classification, object-detection, image-segmentation, text-to-image, image-to-text, image-to-image, image-to-video, unconditional-image-generation, video-classification, reinforcement-learning, robotics, tabular-classification, tabular-regression, tabular-to-text, table-to-text, multiple-choice, text-ranking, text-retrieval, time-series-forecasting, text-to-video, image-text-to-text, visual-question-answering, document-question-answering, zero-shot-image-classification, graph-ml, mask-generation, zero-shot-object-detection, text-to-3d, image-to-3d, image-feature-extraction, video-text-to-text, keypoint-detection, visual-document-retrieval, any-to-any, video-to-video, other
Model Card of lmqg/mt5-base-zhquad-qg-ae
This model is fine-tuned version of google/mt5-base for question generation and answer extraction jointly on the lmqg/qg_zhquad (dataset_name: default) via lmqg.
Overview
- Language model: google/mt5-base
- Language: zh
- Training data: lmqg/qg_zhquad (default)
- Online Demo: https://autoqg.net/
- Repository: https://github.com/asahi417/lm-question-generation
- Paper: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.03992
Usage
- With
lmqg
from lmqg import TransformersQG
# initialize model
model = TransformersQG(language="zh", model="lmqg/mt5-base-zhquad-qg-ae")
# model prediction
question_answer_pairs = model.generate_qa("南安普敦的警察服务由汉普郡警察提供。南安普敦行动的主要基地是一座新的八层专用建筑,造价3000万英镑。该建筑位于南路,2011年启用,靠近南安普敦中央火车站。此前,南安普顿市中心的行动位于市民中心西翼,但由于设施老化,加上计划在旧警察局和地方法院建造一座新博物馆,因此必须搬迁。在Portswood、Banister Park、Hille和Shirley还有其他警察局,在南安普顿中央火车站还有一个英国交通警察局。")
- With
transformers
from transformers import pipeline
pipe = pipeline("text2text-generation", "lmqg/mt5-base-zhquad-qg-ae")
# answer extraction
answer = pipe("generate question: 南安普敦的警察服务由汉普郡警察提供。南安普敦行动的主要基地是一座新的八层专用建筑,造价3000万英镑。该建筑位于南路,2011年启用,靠近<hl> 南安普敦中央 <hl>火车站。此前,南安普顿市中心的行动位于市民中心西翼,但由于设施老化,加上计划在旧警察局和地方法院建造一座新博物馆,因此必须搬迁。在Portswood、Banister Park、Hille和Shirley还有其他警察局,在南安普顿中央火车站还有一个英国交通警察局。")
# question generation
question = pipe("extract answers: 南安普敦的警察服务由汉普郡警察提供。 南安普敦行动的主要基地是一座新的八层专用建筑,造价3000万英镑。 <hl> 该建筑位于南路,2011年启用,靠近 南安普敦中央 火车站。 <hl> 此前,南安普顿市中心的行动位于市民中心西翼,但由于设施老化,加上计划在旧警察局和地方法院建造一座新博物馆,因此必须搬迁。 在Portswood、Banister Park、Hille和Shirley还有其他警察局,在南安普顿中央火车站还有一个英国交通警察局。")
Evaluation
- Metric (Question Generation): raw metric file
| Score | Type | Dataset | |
|---|---|---|---|
| BERTScore | 76.82 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_1 | 36.9 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_2 | 25.74 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_3 | 19.13 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_4 | 14.63 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| METEOR | 23.69 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| MoverScore | 57.24 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| ROUGE_L | 34.07 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
- Metric (Question & Answer Generation): raw metric file
| Score | Type | Dataset | |
|---|---|---|---|
| QAAlignedF1Score (BERTScore) | 78.4 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| QAAlignedF1Score (MoverScore) | 53.55 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| QAAlignedPrecision (BERTScore) | 75.27 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| QAAlignedPrecision (MoverScore) | 51.56 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| QAAlignedRecall (BERTScore) | 81.92 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| QAAlignedRecall (MoverScore) | 55.82 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
- Metric (Answer Extraction): raw metric file
| Score | Type | Dataset | |
|---|---|---|---|
| AnswerExactMatch | 95.07 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| AnswerF1Score | 95.15 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| BERTScore | 99.76 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_1 | 92.37 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_2 | 89.37 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_3 | 86.14 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| Bleu_4 | 82.63 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| METEOR | 71.18 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| MoverScore | 98.8 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
| ROUGE_L | 95.72 | default | lmqg/qg_zhquad |
Training hyperparameters
The following hyperparameters were used during fine-tuning:
- dataset_path: lmqg/qg_zhquad
- dataset_name: default
- input_types: ['paragraph_answer', 'paragraph_sentence']
- output_types: ['question', 'answer']
- prefix_types: ['qg', 'ae']
- model: google/mt5-base
- max_length: 512
- max_length_output: 32
- epoch: 5
- batch: 32
- lr: 0.0005
- fp16: False
- random_seed: 1
- gradient_accumulation_steps: 2
- label_smoothing: 0.15
The full configuration can be found at fine-tuning config file.
Citation
@inproceedings{ushio-etal-2022-generative,
title = "{G}enerative {L}anguage {M}odels for {P}aragraph-{L}evel {Q}uestion {G}eneration",
author = "Ushio, Asahi and
Alva-Manchego, Fernando and
Camacho-Collados, Jose",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2022 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
month = dec,
year = "2022",
address = "Abu Dhabi, U.A.E.",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
}
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Dataset used to train lmqg/mt5-base-zhquad-qg-ae
Evaluation results
- BLEU4 (Question Generation) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported14.630
- ROUGE-L (Question Generation) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported34.070
- METEOR (Question Generation) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported23.690
- BERTScore (Question Generation) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported76.820
- MoverScore (Question Generation) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported57.240
- QAAlignedF1Score-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported78.400
- QAAlignedRecall-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported81.920
- QAAlignedPrecision-BERTScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported75.270
- QAAlignedF1Score-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported53.550
- QAAlignedRecall-MoverScore (Question & Answer Generation (with Gold Answer)) on lmqg/qg_zhquadself-reported55.820